national flag essay paragraph

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Essay on National Flag: Sample Essays for Students in 100, 200, and 300 words

Updated on
Jan 3, 2024

The National flag of India is a symbol that represents India’s freedom as well as its integrity. It represents that India is governed by the people of the country without any foreign interference. The display of the Indian flag is our pride and it is a warning to the invaders. Our Nation flag is based on the Swaraj Flag which was designed by Pingali Venakyya. The tricolour display is governed by the Flag code of India and any act of dishonour to the flag is a punishable offence. This is just a brief paragraph on the national flag. Below we have provided samples of essay on National Flag. let’s have a look at them.

Table of Contents

1 Essay on National Flag in 100 words
2 Essay on National Flag in 250 words
3 Essay on National Flag in 300 words

Essay on National Flag in 100 words

Our National flag is the pride of our nation. It symbolises the unity of the people of India belonging to different religions. The honour and respect for our country and its national flag should be immense from us. Every country has a national flag. Our National Flag is called ‘Tiranga’ which is based on its appearance as a tricolour. The saffron colour is the topmost, the middle colour is white and the lowermost colour is green. There is a navy blue Ashok Chakra in the middle stripe of white colour which contains 24 equally divided spokes.

Essay on National Flag in 250 words

Our national flag was adopted on July 22nd, 1947, which was some days before the Independence of India i.e. 15th August 1947. The national flag of India is called the Tiranga because it contains 3 colours. The Uppermost colour is saffron which symbolises selflessness and sacrifice. The middle one is white which symbolises the truth. Purity and peace. And the lowermost colour is green which indicates energy and youth. In the middle of the white stripe, there is a navy blue colour Ashok Chakra that is made up of 24 equal spokes. The National flag of India symbolises freedom, pride, honour, and unity. The Ashoka Chakra is a symbol of victory justice and honesty.

Our national flag not only represents us but also teaches us some lessons such as peace, unity, humanity, etc. It helps us believe in unity and truth. Every year, the Prime Minister of India hoists the National Flag of India on the 15th of August and the same is hoisted by the President of India on the 26th of January. Both of them hoist the flag at the Red Fort which is then followed by an address to the people of India. Our national flag is made of Khadi, which is an article of hand-made clothing that was represented by Mahatma Gandhi. Flying off the national flag made up of clothes other than Khadi is strictly prohibited in our country. We should hoist our National Flag with pride and let the world know about the same.

Essay on National Flag in 300 words

The national flag of India is also known as the ‘Tiranga Jhanda’. Our national flag was first adopted officially during the meeting of the Constituent Assembly on the 22nd of July, 1947. It was adopted 24 days before the Independence of India which was on 15th August 1947. The National Flag of India was designed by Pingali Venkayya in a horizontal shape containing 3 colours, saffron, white and green, all three were in equivalent proportions and the following sequence, the saffron was the topmost colour, the white in the middle and the green was the lowermost colour. The ratio of width to length in our national flag is 2:3. In the centre of the white strip, there is a navy blue coloured Ashok Chakra which consists of 24 spokes. This is derived from the Pillar of Ashok, Sarnath (Lion Capital of Ashoka).

The significance of the national flag is great to us all. It is the pride of the nation and the pride of every citizen of India as well. All the elements as well as colours used in the national flag have special significance and depict something. The display of the national flag is decided by the flag code of India. After the independence of India, for 52 years, the national flag was not allowed to be displayed by the people, however, this rule was altered later by the flag code 26th January 2002 allowing the use of the national flag at homes, offices, etc on special occasions. The national flag is hoisted on national occasions such as the Republic Day, the Independence Day, etc. It is also hoisted by schools and educational institutions such as universities to inspire students to honour and respect the Indian flag.

During the same, students take an oath and the national anthem is sung during the unfurling of the flag. Private organisations may also hoist the national flag on special occasions and ceremonial events. Other than Khaki, no one is allowed to display the flag made of any other cloth. It is a punishable offence including fine and even imprisonment. It is also prohibited to intentionally dishonour the national flag or let it touch the ground, floor or trail in the water. It is also important to note that the national flag is displayed at a higher level. Our national flag is the pride of the nation. We should always respect it.

Ans: Our National flag is the pride of our nation. It symbolises the unity of the people of India belonging to different religions. The honour and respect for our country and its national flag should be immense from us. Every country has a national flag. Our National Flag is called ‘Tiranga’ which is based on its appearance as a tricolour. The saffron colour is the topmost, the middle colour is white and the lowermost colour is green. There is a navy blue Ashok Chakra in the middle stip of white colour which contains 24 equally divided spokes.

Ans: The National flag of India is a symbol that represents India’s freedom as well as its integrity. It represents that India is governed by the people of the country without any foreign interference. The display of the Indian flag is our pride and it is a warning to the invaders. The significance of the national flag is great to us all. It is the pride of the nation and the pride of every citizen of India as well. All the elements as well as colours used in the national flag have special significance and depict something.

Ans: The Nation flag of India is a symbol that represents India’s freedom as well as its integrity. It represents that India is governed by the people of the country without any foreign interference. The display of the Indian flag is our pride and it is a warning to the invaders. Our Nation flag is based on the Swaraj Flag which was designed by Pingali Venakyya. The tricolour display is governed by the Flag code of India and any act of dishonour to the flag is a punishable offence.

Deepansh Gautam

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Essay on The National Flag - 100, 200, 500 Words

National Flag Essay -

The Indian national flag, commonly known as the Tiranga, is made up of three colours: saffron, white, and green. At its centre is an Ashoka Chakra with 24 spokes. We attach great importance to our national flag. It represents independent India. Here are a few sample essays on the national flag.

100 Words Essay on The National Flag

200 Words Essay on The National Flag

500 words essay on the national flag.

Essay on The National Flag - 100, 200, 500 Words

The Indian National Flag is a symbol of unity and pride for the people of India. It is a horizontal tricolour of deep saffron (Kesari), white and dark green, with the saffron and green representing courage and sacrifice, and the white representing peace and truth.

The flag was designed by Pingali Venkaiah, an Indian freedom fighter and agricultural scientist in a specific proportion, with the width to length ratio being two to three. At the center of the white band, there is a navy blue wheel or chakra with 24 spokes, symbolizing the progress and continuity of the nation. The Indian National Flag was officially adopted on July 22, 1947, following India's independence from British rule.

The Indian flag is a symbol of unity, pride and freedom for the people of India. It is a horizontal tricolour of deep saffron on the top, white in the middle, and dark green on the bottom, with each colour representing a different aspect of the nation's identity.

The ratio of width to height is 2:3. The saffron represents courage, sacrifice and the spiritual aspects of the nation, the white represents peace and truth, and the green represents the fertility, growth and aspiration of the nation.

Adoption of The Indian National Flag

The Indian national flag was adopted in its present form during a meeting of the Constituent Assembly on 22 July 1947, just four days before India gained independence from British rule. The design process involved two participants: Pingali Venkayya and Jawaharlal Nehru. Venkayya's proposal was selected as the winner by a committee consisting of members from different religions, including Hindu, Muslim, Christian, and Sikh. Nehru accepted this design as well.

It was only after independence that the flag was reintroduced as an integral part of Indian symbolism, representing the nation's rich history and diversity. Today, the Indian flag is a source of inspiration and national pride for all Indians, flown with respect and dignity across the nation.

The national flag of India, also known as the Tricolour, is a symbol of pride and unity for the people of India. Adopted on July 22, 1947, the flag is a horizontal tricolour of deep saffron (kesaria) at the top, white in the middle, and green at the bottom in equal proportions. The saffron represents courage and sacrifice, white represents peace and truth, and green represents faith and fertility. In the center of the white band is a navy blue wheel with 24 spokes, called the Ashoka Chakra, which represents righteousness, truth and the wheel of law.

One of the most significant real-life examples of the national flag is the annual Independence Day celebration on August 15, where the flag is hoisted with great pride and patriotic fervor in all parts of the country. On this day, millions of Indians come together to celebrate their nation's freedom from British rule and pay tribute to the sacrifices made by the freedom fighters. People from all walks of life gather at the Red Fort in New Delhi to witness the hoisting of the national flag by the Prime Minister of India, which is followed by a parade, cultural programs and other events.

Another example of the use of the national flag is during the Republic Day parade on January 26, which is a grand celebration of the country's cultural heritage and military might. The parade starts from the Rashtrapati Bhavan and passes through the main streets of New Delhi, showcasing the diversity of India and the spirit of unity that is at the heart of the nation. During the parade, the national flag is carried by the armed forces and is accompanied by the parade of floats, representing the different states and their cultural traditions.

The national flag is also hoisted on other important national holidays and events, such as Gandhi Jayanti, National Sports Day and Children's Day, to commemorate the achievements and contributions of the country's leaders and citizens. In addition, the flag is also flown at half-mast on days of national mourning, such as the death of a former President or Prime Minister, as a mark of respect for their services to the nation.

Significance For Indians

The Indian national flag is an extremely important symbol of India, representing the country's identity, unity, and sovereignty. The design and colors of the flag have deep historical and cultural significance.

The saffron color at the top represents sacrifice and spiritual purity, while the white in the middle symbolizes truth, peace, and purity. The green at the bottom represents the country's agriculture and fertility. The wheel in the center is the Ashoka Chakra, which represents the idea of Dharma or righteousness, and also symbolizes the continuity of time.

The flag serves as a unifying symbol for the country's diverse population and represents the aspirations of the Indian people. It is a symbol of national pride and is displayed on important national occasions and celebrations. The flag is also a source of inspiration for Indians, reminding them of their duty to work towards the betterment of the nation and its people.

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Our National Flag Paragraph

A national flag carries the identity of a nation. It symbolizes their freedom, pride and national dignity. In schools, students are often asked to write paragraphs about the national flag. Here we have, as a sample, written a bunch of paragraphs about our national flag , which is mainly for primary and secondary level students. So, the paragraphs are short, ranging from 100 to 200 words. They are: Our National Flag Paragraph in 100 Words, Our National Flag Paragraph in 140 Words, Our National Flag Paragraph in 150 Words, Our National Flag Paragraph in 190 Words, and then 5 “Our National Flag Paragraphs” of 200 words each with the flags of the six countries India , Bangladesh , Pakistan , Philippines , USA , and Algeria .

Table of Contents

Our National Flag Paragraph, 100 Words

Sentences: 9, Words: 100, Characters: 549

The national flag is the symbol of the independence of a nation. Our national flag is a simple rectangular flag. Its length and width are in the ratio of 5:3. It has two colors, red and deep green. The main portion of the flag is green and there is a round red portion in the middle. Green represents the green lands of Bangladesh while red stands for the sun. It can be of different sizes. It is always hoisted on the important government building. To every independent nation, its flag is dearer, holier, and more valuable than all other possessions.

Our National Flag Paragraph, 190 Words

By: Haque ; For class 6-10; 19-02-’22

What is the national flag?
How many colors does our national flag have and what are they?
What does the red color of the flag mean?
Who is the designer of our national flag?
How may we uphold the honor of our national flag?

The national flag is a symbol of independence to a nation. Our national flag symbolizes our freedom. Our national flag is a very beautiful one in the world. It is rectangular in size. Its length and breadth are 5:3 in proportion. It is made of green and red color cloth. The background of our national flag is bottle green. There is a big red circle in the middle. Our national flag conveys deep meaning. The green color indicates the green fields of Bangladesh. We have got our freedom at the cost of blood. My people laid down their lives for our freedom. So, the red color in the middle of the flag is the symbol of the blood of the martyrs. Famous Bangladeshi painter Kamrul Hasan designed our national flag. It bears the memory of our sacrifice. We look upon our national flag as a symbol of our independence. We are proud of it. When we look at it our heart is filled with love and respect for the country. We may uphold its honor by doing our national duty properly. It is dearer to us than our lives.

Our National Flag Paragraph, 140 Words

By: Haque ; For class 5-7; 19-02-’22

Our National Flag is an absolute achievement to us. This flag is our pride, our glory. Write a paragraph on the significance of red center in the green field of national flag.

Our national flag is a symbol of our freedom and sovereignty. It is our pride, our glory. We were not independent before 1971. We had no country, no flag for our own identity. A long period we have passed being deprived and exploited. At last, in 1971, we achieved our independence against exploitation, deprivation through liberation war. And built a new country Bangladesh and its flag. Our country’s flag is a green flag with a red circle in its center. Bangladesh consists of 68 thousand green villages . The green color of our flag is a reflection of this green rural Bengal. And the red circle in the center of the flag points to the rising sun over the green village, as well as the blood of the freedom fighters who sacrificed their lives for freedom. In our govt. office the national flag is hoisted. It is half-mast hoisted on a special day. We, the entire people of the country, are determined to keep its respect high.

Our National Flag Paragraph, 150 Words

By: Haque ; For class 9-10; 19-02-’22

What does a national flag carry?
What are the features of our national flag?
What do the green and red colors of the national flag of Bangladesh mean?
Write a paragraph about our national flag.

All countries have their own national flags. A national flag carries the identity of a country. Our national flag symbolizes our national sovereignty and unity. Our national flag has some special features. First, it is rectangular. Second, its length-width ratio is 10: 6. Thirdly, dividing the length of the flag by ten, one-fifty of its length will be the radius of the red sun in the middle. Finally, if a straight line is drawn by dividing the length and width into two parts, then the point where the two lines intersect should be the center of the sun. The background color of our national flag is Prussian green, with a red sun in the middle. The green background of the flag symbolizes the green landscape of our country. The blood-red sun in the middle indicates the huge bloodshed of the freedom fighters and the people of this country for gaining independence. It is also an indicator of the pride of our country.

By: Haque ; For class 7-10; 19-02-’22

Write a paragraph about ‘National Flag’. Your paragraph should include the answers to the following questions:

What is the symbol of our national flag?
How is it in size?
What is it made of?
What is the background of its green and red colors?
What does its red circle symbolize?

Every country has a national flag of its own. Like all other countries, we have a national flag. Our national flag is the symbol of our independence and sovereignty. It may be of different sizes but its length and breadth must be a fixed ratio of 10:6 usually. It is rectangular in shape. It may be made of cotton, linen, polyester, nylon, or silk. The background of the flag is deep green in color with a sun globe in the center. The deep green color means the everlasting freshness, youth, vigor, and vitality of our nation. The sun is the source of all lives on earth. Hence the sun globe signifies that our nation is continuous and everlasting as life glory. It also stands for the bright future of our nation. The blood-red color of the sun globe is a memorial for the endless sacrifice of our nation in the glorious liberation war. A flag bears the identity of a nation. A nations’ dignity largely depends on it. So it is our duty to uphold the honor of our national flag and pay homage to it. We are really proud of it.

Our National Flag Paragraph (India), 200 Words

The national flag of India is a symbol of pride and unity for all Indians. The flag, known as the “Tiranga,” features three horizontal bands of saffron, white, and green. The saffron represents courage and sacrifice, the white represents peace and truth, and the green represents faith and fertility. The blue wheel in the center of the white band is the Ashoka Chakra, representing the eternal wheel of law and justice. The flag was designed by Pingali Venkayya and officially adopted by the Constituent Assembly of India on July 22, 1947, just two days before India’s independence from British rule. It is a symbol of the country’s freedom and sovereignty. The flag is a source of inspiration for all Indians, reminding us of the sacrifices made by our freedom fighters and the need to continue working towards a strong and united nation. It is a reminder of our duty to protect and uphold the values of our country. The national flag is hoisted on important national days such as Independence Day and Republic Day, and also at all government buildings, schools and other institutions. It is an honor for all citizens to pledge allegiance to the national flag and to work towards the betterment of the nation.

Our National Flag Paragraph (Bangladesh), 200 Words

The national flag of Bangladesh is a symbol of pride and unity for all Bangladeshis. The flag features a red disc on a green background. The red disc symbolizes the sun rising over Bengal, and also the blood of those who sacrificed their lives for the independence of Bangladesh. The green background represents the lush greenery of the country and the hope for a prosperous future. The flag was designed by Kamrul Hasan and was officially adopted on January 1972 just after Bangladesh’s independence from Pakistan. It is a symbol of the country’s freedom and sovereignty. The flag is a source of inspiration for all Bangladeshis, reminding us of the sacrifices made by our freedom fighters during the 1971 war and the need to continue working towards a strong and united nation. It is a reminder of our duty to protect and uphold the values of our country. The national flag is hoisted on important national days such as Independence Day and Victory Day, and also at all government buildings, schools and other institutions. It is an honor for all citizens to pledge allegiance to the national flag and to work towards the betterment of the nation.

Our National Flag Paragraph (Pakistan), 200 Words

The national flag of Pakistan is a symbol of pride and unity for all Pakistanis. The flag features a green field with a white crescent moon and a five-pointed star at its center. The green color represents the Muslim majority of the country, and the white crescent and star represent progress and light respectively. The flag was designed by Amiruddin Kidwai and was officially adopted on August 14, 1947, the day Pakistan gained independence from British rule. It is a symbol of the country’s freedom and sovereignty. The flag is a source of inspiration for all Pakistanis, reminding us of the sacrifices made by our founding fathers and the need to continue working towards a strong and united nation. It is a reminder of our duty to protect and uphold the values of our country. The national flag is hoisted on important national days such as Independence Day and Defence Day, and also at all government buildings, schools and other institutions. It is an honor for all citizens to pledge allegiance to the national flag and to work towards the betterment of the nation.

Our National Flag Paragraph (Philippines), 250 Words

The national flag of the Philippines, also known as the “Lupang Hinirang” is a symbol of pride and unity for all Filipinos. The flag features a field of blue on the top left corner and red on the bottom right corner with a white triangle with a sun with 8 rays on it and 3 golden stars on it. The blue represents the Philippine seas and red symbolizes the courage of the Filipinos. The white triangle represents the three major islands of the Philippines: Luzon, Visayas, and Mindanao. The sun with eight rays represents the eight provinces that first declared revolution against Spanish rule. The three golden stars represent the three principal geographical divisions of the country: Luzon, Visayas, and Mindanao. The flag was designed by Marcela Agoncillo, Lorenza Agoncillo, and Delfina Herbosa de Natividad, and was officially adopted on October 12, 1898, the day Philippines declared its independence from Spanish rule. The flag is a source of inspiration for all Filipinos, reminding us of the sacrifices made by our forefathers and the need to continue working towards a strong and united nation. It is a reminder of our duty to protect and uphold the values of our country. The national flag is hoisted on important national days such as Independence Day and other patriotic holidays, and also at all government buildings, schools and other institutions. It is an honor for all citizens to pledge allegiance to the national flag and to work towards the betterment of the nation.

Our National Flag Paragraph (United States), 200 Words

The national flag of the United States, commonly known as the “Stars and Stripes,” is a symbol of pride and unity for all Americans. The flag features thirteen horizontal stripes of red and white, with a blue field in the top left corner containing fifty white stars. The thirteen stripes represent the thirteen original colonies that declared independence from Great Britain in 1776, and the stars represent the fifty states of the union. The colors of the flag symbolize the values of the nation: red for valor and bravery, white for purity and innocence, and blue for vigilance, perseverance, and justice. The flag was designed by Francis Scott Key and was officially adopted on July 4, 1777. It is a symbol of the country’s freedom and sovereignty. The flag is a source of inspiration for all Americans, reminding us of the sacrifices made by our forefathers and the need to continue working towards a strong and united nation. It is a reminder of our duty to protect and uphold the values of our country. The national flag is hoisted on important national days such as Independence Day and Memorial Day, and also at all government buildings, schools and other institutions. It is an honor for all citizens to pledge allegiance to the national flag and to work towards the betterment of the nation.

Our National Flag Paragraph (Algeria), 200 Words

The national flag of Algeria, also known as the “Emblem of the Revolution” is a symbol of pride and unity for all Algerians. The flag features two equal vertical bands of green and white with a red, five-pointed star within a red crescent centered over the two-color boundary. The green color represents the country’s lush vegetation and agricultural wealth. The white color symbolizes peace and the crescent represents progress and prosperity, The red star is a symbol of socialism, and the red color used in the flag represents the blood of those who sacrificed for the independence of Algeria. The flag was officially adopted on July 3, 1962, the day of independence from French colonial rule. The flag is a source of inspiration for all Algerians, reminding us of the sacrifices made by our forefathers and the need to continue working towards a strong and united nation. It is a reminder of our duty to protect and uphold the values of our country. The national flag is hoisted on important national days such as Independence Day and Martyrs Day, and also at all government buildings, schools and other institutions. It is an honor for all citizens to pledge allegiance to the national flag and to work towards the betterment of the nation.

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Essay on Importance of National Flag

Students are often asked to write an essay on Importance of National Flag in their schools and colleges. And if you’re also looking for the same, we have created 100-word, 250-word, and 500-word essays on the topic.

Let’s take a look…

100 Words Essay on Importance of National Flag

The symbol of nationhood.

The national flag is a symbol of pride, unity, and identity for a country. It represents the nation’s history, culture, and values.

Unity and Pride

The flag unites people under a common identity. It evokes feelings of pride and patriotism among citizens, reminding them of their shared history and aspirations.

Respect and Recognition

Respecting the national flag is a way of acknowledging the struggles and sacrifices made by our forebears. It also ensures international recognition and respect for our nation.

250 Words Essay on Importance of National Flag

Symbol of unity and identity.

The national flag serves as a symbol of unity and identity, representing a nation’s collective ethos and shared history. It’s more than just a piece of cloth; it’s an emblem of national pride, embodying the culture, traditions, and values of a country. The flag’s colors and symbols often reflect significant historical events or ideals, inspiring citizens and fostering a sense of belonging.

Role in National Events

The national flag plays a pivotal role in national events, such as independence day celebrations, memorial ceremonies, and international sports events. It’s hoisted to commemorate victories, honor heroes, and celebrate national achievements. This shared symbolism fosters a sense of community among citizens, promoting unity and national pride.

Instrument of Diplomacy

Flags are also instrumental in international diplomacy. They’re displayed at international forums, embassies, and on diplomatic vehicles, symbolizing the presence and sovereignty of a nation. The respectful display of a nation’s flag by another signifies diplomatic recognition and mutual respect.

Symbol of Resistance and Change

Historically, flags have also served as symbols of resistance and change. They’ve been used in civil rights movements, political protests, and revolutions, conveying powerful messages and rallying public support.

In conclusion, the national flag is an integral part of a nation’s identity, serving as a symbol of unity, an instrument of diplomacy, and a beacon of resistance and change. Its importance extends beyond its physical presence, encapsulating the spirit of a nation and its people.

500 Words Essay on Importance of National Flag

The symbolism of national flag.

The national flag is more than just a piece of cloth; it is a symbol of a country’s identity, history, and pride. It represents the nation’s values, traditions, and the sacrifices made by its people in the pursuit of freedom and prosperity. The colors, symbols, and patterns on the flag are not arbitrary; they are carefully chosen to reflect the country’s unique characteristics and aspirations.

The Unifying Power of National Flag

The national flag serves as a unifying symbol for all citizens, regardless of their ethnic, religious, or political differences. It is a constant reminder that despite their diverse backgrounds and beliefs, they are all part of one nation. The flag’s presence in public spaces, government buildings, and international events is a testament to the unity and solidarity of the nation. It fosters a sense of national identity and community among the citizens.

National Flag as a Symbol of Sovereignty

The national flag is also a symbol of a country’s sovereignty and independence. When a nation is recognized internationally, its flag is raised at the United Nations headquarters, symbolizing its equal status among the community of nations. The flag’s hoisting during national events, such as Independence Day, is a reiteration of the country’s autonomy and its people’s determination to protect it.

Respect and Reverence for the National Flag

Respect for the national flag is a fundamental aspect of patriotism. The flag is treated with reverence, and there are specific protocols for its handling and display. Any disrespect shown towards the flag is often considered an affront to the nation and its people. This reverence underscores the flag’s importance in fostering national unity and respect for the country’s values and principles.

National Flag in Times of Crisis

In times of crisis, the national flag often serves as a beacon of hope and resilience. It inspires citizens to work together for the common good and reminds them of their collective strength. The sight of the flag flying high despite adversities can instill a sense of determination and courage among the people.

The Role of National Flag in International Relations

At the international level, the national flag plays a crucial role in diplomatic relations. It is a visual representation of a country in foreign lands and international forums. The respect given to a country’s flag by other nations is a reflection of their diplomatic ties and mutual respect.

In conclusion, the national flag holds immense significance for a nation and its people. It is a symbol of their identity, unity, sovereignty, and resilience. It fosters a sense of national pride and community, and it stands as a beacon of hope in times of adversity. The respect and reverence for the national flag are integral to nurturing patriotism and promoting national unity. Thus, understanding and appreciating the importance of the national flag is crucial for every citizen.

That’s it! I hope the essay helped you.

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Essay on National Flag of India for Students and Children

500 words essay on national flag of india.

A flag is the most important symbol of a country. Similarly, the national flag of India is a symbol of paramount significance for India. The national flag of India is a symbol of honour, patriotism, and freedom for the country. It represents the unity of the people of India in spite of the differences in language, culture, religion, class, etc. Most noteworthy, the Indian flag is a horizontal rectangular tricolour. Furthermore, the flag of India consists of saffron, white, and green.

History of the National Flag of India

The proposal of the flag to the Indian National Congress was made by Mahatma Gandh i in 1921. Furthermore, the flag was designed by Pingali Venkayya. In the centre of the flag was a traditional spinning wheel. Then a modification of the design took place to include a white stripe in the centre. This modification took place for other religious communities and also to create a background for the spinning wheel.

To avoid the sectarian associations with the colour scheme, the experts chose three colours. Most noteworthy, these three colours were saffron, white, and green. The colour saffron represents courage and sacrifice. Furthermore, the colour white denotes peace and truth. Moreover, the colour green symbolizes faith and chivalry.

A specially constituted Constituent Assembly, a few days before the independence, made an important decision. Furthermore, this decision was that the Indian flag must be acceptable to all communities and parties. Nevertheless, there was no change in the colours of the flag of India. However, there was replacement of the charkha by the Asoka chakra. Moreover, this Asoka chakra represents the eternal wheel of law.

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Display of the National Flag of India

The rules say that when two flags are fully spread out horizontally on a wall behind a podium, their hoists must be towards each other. Furthermore, the saffron stripes should be uppermost. When the flag display is on a short flagpole, then the mounting should be at an angle to the wall. Moreover, the angle is such that the flag is draped tastefully from it. When flags display occurs on crossed staffs, then hoist should be towards each other.

One must never use the national flag of India to cover tables, lecterns, podiums or buildings. When the display of the flag takes place indoors, then it must always be on the right. This is because; right is the position of authority. Furthermore, the flag must always be on the speaker’s right hand, when the display of flag occurs next to a speaker. Most noteworthy, whenever the display of flag takes place, it should be completely spread out.

In conclusion, the national flag of India is the pride of our nation. Furthermore, the flag of India represents the sovereignty of the country. Most noteworthy, it is a moment of sheer proudness and happiness for every Indian to watch the national flag flying. The national flag of India certainly deserves the utmost respect of every citizen of India.

FAQ on Essay on National Flag of India

Q1 What are the three colours of the national flag of India?

A1 The three colours of the national flag of India are saffron, white, and green.

Q2 What does the colour saffron represents in the national flag of India?

A2 The colour saffron in the national flag of India represents courage and sacrifice.

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10 Paragraphs: Our National Flag (India)

The national flag of India is a powerful symbol that represents the rich history, diverse culture, and unwavering spirit of the nation. Writing a paragraph about our national flag provides an opportunity to delve into the significance, design, and symbolism behind this emblematic flag. It allows us to explore the deep-rooted patriotism and pride associated with the flag, and convey its importance as a unifying force that binds the people of India together.

Table of Contents

Tips On Writing A Paragraph On Our National Flag (India)

Begin with a strong opening sentence: Start your paragraph with a captivating introductory sentence that immediately grabs the reader’s attention and sets the tone for the rest of the paragraph. This can be a thought-provoking statement, a historical fact, or an emotional connection to the flag.

Focus on key elements: Highlight the key elements of the Indian national flag that make it unique and symbolic. Discuss the three horizontal stripes of saffron, white, and green, and the Ashoka Chakra in navy blue at the center. Describe their colors and positions, emphasizing their meaning and significance.

Explain the symbolism: Dive deeper into the symbolism behind the colors and the Ashoka Chakra. Explain what each color represents – saffron for courage and sacrifice, white for purity and truth, and green for fertility and growth. Elaborate on the significance of the Ashoka Chakra as a representation of progress, righteousness, and India’s eternal wheel of law.

Explore historical and cultural significance: Discuss the historical and cultural significance of the Indian national flag. Talk about how it has been a symbol of India’s struggle for independence and its journey towards becoming a sovereign nation. Highlight any historical events or iconic figures associated with the flag that have shaped its meaning over time.

Reflect on national pride and unity: Conclude your paragraph by reflecting on the sense of national pride and unity that the Indian national flag represents. Discuss how it serves as a unifying symbol that transcends regional, linguistic, and cultural differences, bringing together the diverse people of India under one identity. Express your own feelings of pride and connection to the flag.

Paragraph 1

The national flag of India, a tricolor emblem, represents the diversity and unity of the nation. It consists of three horizontal stripes – saffron, white, and green – with the Ashoka Chakra, a 24-spoked wheel, in navy blue at the center of the white stripe. The saffron color symbolizes courage and sacrifice, while white represents purity and truth. Green signifies fertility and growth. The Ashoka Chakra, inspired by Emperor Ashoka’s emblem, represents progress and righteousness. The Indian national flag is a powerful symbol of India’s rich heritage and the resilience of its people.

Paragraph 2

When one gazes upon the Indian national flag, a sense of pride and patriotism fills the heart. The saffron stripe at the top represents the courage and selflessness displayed by our freedom fighters. The white stripe in the middle symbolizes the purity and truth that guide our nation. The green stripe at the bottom signifies the abundance of nature and the growth of our nation. The Ashoka Chakra, a testament to our ancient history, reminds us of the values of justice and progress. The Indian national flag is a beacon of hope and unity for every Indian, irrespective of caste, creed, or language.

Paragraph 3

The Indian national flag is not merely a piece of cloth; it is a symbol of our hard-fought independence and the aspirations of a billion hearts. Its vibrant tricolor evokes a sense of unity among the diverse people of India. The saffron stripe reminds us of the sacrifices made by countless freedom fighters, while the white stripe represents the ideals of truth and purity that guide our nation. The green stripe symbolizes the fertile lands and abundant resources of our country. Together, these colors represent the dreams and aspirations of a united India.

Paragraph 4

As the Indian national flag flutters in the wind, it tells the story of a nation that has overcome immense challenges and risen to great heights. The saffron color signifies the indomitable spirit of our people, who have always stood up for what is right. The white color represents the peace and harmony that we strive for in our society. The green color is a reminder of our commitment to sustainable development and environmental stewardship. The Ashoka Chakra at the center reminds us of our rich history and the principles of justice and equality that form the foundation of our nation.

Paragraph 5

The Indian national flag is a powerful symbol of our cultural heritage and the unity of our diverse nation. The saffron color represents the vibrant energy and courage of the Indian people. The white color signifies the purity of our intentions and the pursuit of truth. The green color represents the fertility of our land and the abundance of resources. The Ashoka Chakra, with its 24 spokes, symbolizes the eternal cycle of time and the continuous progress of our nation. Every time we hoist our flag, we honor the sacrifices of our ancestors and reaffirm our commitment to a prosperous and inclusive India.

Paragraph 6

The Indian national flag, with its tricolor design, encapsulates the essence of India’s rich history and cultural tapestry. The saffron stripe stands for the valor and sacrifice of our freedom fighters, who fought tirelessly for our independence. The white stripe represents the values of truth, peace, and harmony that form the bedrock of our society. The green stripe symbolizes our agricultural heritage and the importance of sustainable development. The Ashoka Chakra, derived from ancient Indian symbolism, signifies our commitment to justice, progress, and unity.

Paragraph 7

The Indian national flag is a powerful representation of our country’s journey towards freedom and progress. The saffron stripe reminds us of the sacrifices made by our freedom fighters, who selflessly fought for our nation’s independence. The white stripe symbolizes the purity and integrity that should guide our actions. The green stripe represents our commitment to sustainable development and environmental conservation. The Ashoka Chakra, with its timeless design, embodies the principles of righteousness and progress. The Indian national flag serves as a constant reminder of our shared heritage and the responsibility we have to build a better future.

Paragraph 8

The Indian national flag is a source of inspiration and pride for every citizen of our great nation. Its tricolor design reflects the diversity and unity of India. The saffron color represents the courage and zeal of our people. The white color signifies the purity and truth that we strive for in our lives. The green color symbolizes our connection to nature and our commitment to sustainable development. The Ashoka Chakra in the center represents our constant pursuit of justice and progress. The national flag embodies the spirit of India and serves as a beacon of hope for a brighter tomorrow.

Paragraph 9

The Indian national flag is a symbol of our national identity and shared values. When we look at its tricolor design, we are reminded of the sacrifices made by countless individuals who fought for our freedom. The saffron stripe represents theircourage and determination. The white stripe signifies the purity and integrity that we hold dear. The green stripe represents our commitment to environmental sustainability and progress. The Ashoka Chakra serves as a reminder of our rich history and the need for constant growth and development. The Indian national flag unites us as a nation and instills a sense of pride and responsibility in every Indian.

Paragraph 10

The Indian national flag is a visual embodiment of our nation’s ideals and aspirations. Its tricolor design represents the values and principles that we hold dear. The saffron stripe represents the spirit of sacrifice and fearlessness that runs deep in the Indian psyche. The white stripe stands for truth, purity, and peace, which we strive to uphold in our society. The green stripe symbolizes our connection to nature and the importance of sustainable development. The Ashoka Chakra, with its 24 spokes, signifies the eternal movement of time and the continuous progress of our nation. The Indian national flag is a symbol of our rich heritage and the collective strength of our people.

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Mr. Greg is an English teacher from Edinburgh, Scotland, currently based in Hong Kong. He has over 5 years teaching experience and recently completed his PGCE at the University of Essex Online. In 2013, he graduated from Edinburgh Napier University with a BEng(Hons) in Computing, with a focus on social media.

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Speech on National Flag

An Introduction to Speech on National Flag

A piece of fabric mostly rectangular that contains a certain pattern, design, or symbol constituting it is coloured differently as a flag. When this country is associated with a nation it holds far more importance. Each colour signifies a certain history and there are reasons and meanings for the colours and everything that the flag holds about the country. Every country that is no longer ruled by another and is a free nation, has a flag that represents its heritage. Many take interest in learning about the flags representing a country across the globe. Vexillology is the term that is used to describe the study of flags for history and symbolism. In this National Flag Speech article, we will learn about the different ways to present a Speech on the National Flag, it can be a long or even a short one.

Long and Short Speech on National Flag

Long speech on national flag.

This format of National Flag Speech is helpful for students in higher grades from 8-12 as they are organizers of many such national events in the school and this simple speech can come in handy.

Good morning everyone, Respected Principal, teachers and my dear friends, I am REB (mention your name) and I feel honoured to be here today to speak about the national flag. Now I am certain that we have all seen our national flag, it is a tri-colour with a navy blue chakra in the centre.

But did you know that every country has its own set of colours that are displayed in their national flags? And each colour symbolises a certain meaning and holds a value for the people of the respective country.

As for our national flag, it is a rectangular fabric and horizontally coloured with saffron at the top the colour is also called Kesari, white in the middle and green at the bottom. A navy blue Ashoka Chakra with 24 spikes is placed at the centre. This triband is also called ‘Tiranga’ which means tri-colour.

Pingali Venkayya, a freedom fighter and a Gandhian ideologist, designed our national flag. It was first adopted 73 years ago on 22nd July in the year 1947 by the Constituent Assembly of India. When we were a republican and the same year when we obtained our independence. It has since been referred to as the Indian National Flag. And is representative of our nation on the world stage. In 1921, the idea for a flag was first proposed to the Indian National Congress.

The top saffron band denotes courage and strength that was exhibited by our young and new nation, the white band in the middle represents peace and truth. And the green band represents the growth, fertility as well as auspiciousness of our motherland.

The most striking symbol in our national flag is at the centre and the middle of the white band. The symbol is the Ashoka Chakra or the Dharma Chakra. Chakra means a wheel that further reinforces the idea that change is the only constant and our lives like the wheel must move ahead because in stagnation lies death. And of the fact that India should embrace change instead of resisting, as that makes the dynamism more peaceful.

This design of the chakra or the wheel is seen on the abacus of the Sarnath Lion Capital of Ashoka or the Ashoka Pillar, with 4 lions on top, which is the National emblem of our country. Made during the Mauryan Dynasty by the emperor Ashoka- The Great.

It is really interesting to see that our Indian National Flag has gone through numerous changes since it was first originated. It was recognised or discovered during our struggle for independence. The evolution of the Indian National Flag has drifted through various alterations to come up to its present stage. In one way, it shows the development in the nation. Here, I am going to describe the historical milestones in the evolution of the Indian National Flag.

The first unofficial flag of India has hoisted in Green Park or Parsee Began Square in 1906 Calcutta. It was composed of three colours- red, green and yellow. The red strip had a symbol of the sun and a crescent moon. The word ‘Vande Mataram' was written on the yellow strip. And the green strip had eight half-open lotuses.

The second flag (Berlin Committee Flag) was hoisted in 1907 Paris by Madam BhikajiCama and her band of exiled revolutionaries. This flag was similar to the first flag but had only one lotus at the top strip and seven stars denoting Saptarishi. This flag was also exhibited in Berlin at the Socialists conference.

In 1917, the third flag went up. LokmanyaTilak and Dr Annie Beasant hoisted it during the Home Rule movement. This flag had four green and five red horizontal strips arranged alternately, with seven stars imposed on it forming Saptrishi. The left-hand top corner had Union Jack and the other corner had a crescent moon and a star.

During the political session of the All Indian Congress Committee at Bezwada now Vijaywada in 1921, the flag had two colours representing two major religious communities in India. It had red colour representing the Hindu community and green colour for the Muslim community. Gandhi suggested adding a white strip in middle representing all Indian communities and a spinning wheel for showing progress in the nation.

In the history of the National Flag, the year 1931 was a landmark. Revolutionaries started adopting tricolours in the national flag. This flag was similar to the present flag. It had saffron, white and green colour along with a spinning wheel at the centre.

The Constituent Assembly adopted the previous flag as the National Flag of Free India on July 22 1947. However, the spinning wheel was replaced with Ashoka Chakra in the present national flag.

Our National Flag also evokes a sense of patriotism, in every aspect of our country from its diversity in culture, rich heritage and history. There is no other country in the world as diverse as ours, and we must take pride in that. Unlike earlier when the use of our national flag was limited, today national pride can be expressed in many ways and many civilians do so by the use of Tiranga in our cars, homes, clothes and homes. Every time our flag is raised I am reminded of what a great country I was born into and our flag completely justify its representation.

Thank you.

Short Speech on National Flag

This short and simple National Flag speech is helpful for students in grades 4-7 as one can keep it brief and still convey all the important points of the topic.

Good morning everyone, respected principal, teachers and my dear friends, thank you for giving me this opportunity to deliver a speech on National Flag. A flag is specific to each country that can design in a way that displays the country’s history and what they stand for today. Every free nation has its own flag specific to its culture, tradition, history and heritage.

Indian Flag is a tri-cloured flag also known as Tiranga, designed by Pingali Venkayya, a freedom fighter. And was adopted in our year of Independence 1947 on July 22. Our national flag, very thoughtfully designed, denotes the values our nation has adopted and will do so even in the forthcoming years.

The 3 bands are saffron at the top, symbolising courage and strength because of which our countrymen fought bravely for independence. The middle white band symbolises peace and truth with a Dharma chakra of Ashoka Chakra with 24 spikes enhancing the importance of movement and not resisting change which is the only way to grow. And the bottom green band denotes the fertility and the growth of a young nation like ours with untapped potential.

Until the year 2005 after so many amendments in the act of using the national flag the ban or limitations were removed. And today one can freely use the national flag or its symbol in outfits, vehicles, offices and homes displaying national pride. I am proud of my country and the rich history and diversity it embodies.

10 Line Speech on National Flag

This is a brief National Flag Speech that will prove to be helpful for students in grades 1-3.

The national flag represents the ideas, values and virtues of the citizens and the nation with which it moves forward.

The flag was adopted in 1947 on 22nd July that was designed by a freedom fighter who was also a Gandhian Pingali Venkayya. Although it was in 1921 when the idea of a flag for the nation which was under British rule was proposed in the Indian National Congress Assembly.

Every country has its own flag with meanings and symbols with colours they hold some value to.

The Indian National flag is also called Tiranga indicating 3 bands of colours and a 24 spike Ashoka Chakra.

The saffron or Kesari means courage and strength, it is the top band that is horizontally coloured a like the other two.

Right below it in the middle is the white band symbolizing truth and peace that also holds a Dharma or Ashoka Chakra.

The chakra or the wheel indicates that there is life only when one embraces change because once you stop you are stuck and stagnant that can only mean death or no growth.

The green band at the bottom of our flag represents fertility, growth and the nurturing nature of our motherland, India.

Salute to the leaders who brought us independence, and the national flag that will forever hold their legacy and our history intact.

The Indian National Flag is a pride to all Indian citizens.

FAQs on Speech on National Flag

1. Estate code of conduct of the Indian National Flag.

Here are some do's and don’ts that every Indian citizen must know regarding the National Flag.

The saffron colour of the flag should be at the top when it is raised.

No emblem or flag should be placed either above the National flag or it’s right.

All other flags should be placed to the left of the National flag when they are hung in a line.

During marching, the National Flag is carried on the right-hand side. If there is a line of other flags, it is carried in the centre of the line.

Generally, the National Flag is flown on government buildings like the Rashtrapati Bhawan, the High Courts, and the Parliament House.

2. How many colours does the Indian National Flag have?

The Indian National Flag has three colours- saffron, green and white. It also has a wheel structure known as the Ashoka Chakra at the centre of the white stripe. This wheel has 24 spokes and is the symbol of progress and movement. The saffron colour is the symbol of sacrifice and courage, the white colour symbolises peace, purity and honesty. And the green colour is the symbol of life and prosperity. Due to the presence of three colours, the National Flag is also called “Tiranga”.

3. Who found the Indian National Flag?

Mahatma Gandhi first found the flag at the Indian National Congress in 1921. The National Flag was designed by PingaliVenkayya.Venkaya's flag consisted of colours that were associated with two chief religions, green for Muslims and red for Hindus. LalaHansrajSondhi suggested the addition of a conventional spinning wheel at the centre of the flag which was associated with Gandhi’s mission of making Indians self-reliant by designing their clothes from local fibres such as Khadi. Later, Gandhi added a white stripe at the centre of the flag for displaying other religious communities.

4. Who first hoisted the Indian National Flag?

The first version of the Indian National Flag “Tiranga” was first hoisted by Bhikaji Rustom Cama at the International Socialists Congress held at Stuttgart, Germany. She was born on 24 th September 1861 to an influentParsi family, Bhikaji. In her life, she organized and volunteered several movements against Britishers. Also, she worked for the uplift of society. She volunteered during the bubonic plague epidemic in 1896. During the flag hoisting ceremony at Stuttgart, she appealed for equality, human rights, and freedom from Britishers.

5. Which was the first Indian National Flag?

The first national flag in India has hoisted on 7 th August 1906in the Parsee Began Square or the Green Park in Calcutta now Kolkata. The flag was composed of three coloured horizontal stripes- red, green, and yellow. Also, ‘Vande Mataram' was written in the middle of the flag. The flag was believed to be designed by freedom activists HemchandraKanungo and Sachindra Prasad Bose; the green strip had eight half-open lotuses. The red strip had a symbol of a crescent moon and a sun.

English that goes straight to the heart

Paragraph on Our National Flag

A paragraph is a short collection of well-organized sentences which revolve around a single theme and is coherent. A good paragraph expresses everything it has to say briefly.

In this post, we present you with the best paragraph on Our National Flag.

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Paragraph on Our National Flag (100+ Words)

On 22 July 1947, the motion for the national flag of India was adopted by the Constituent Assembly . The flag has three horizontal bands of equal width – saffron on the top, white in the middle, and dark green at the bottom. In the centre of the flag, there is the navy blue Asoka Chakra, which is the wheel of the Asoka pillar at Sarnath.

The colours of the national flag of India have special meanings. Saffron represents courage and sacrifice, white represents purity and truth, and dark green symbolizes faith, wealth, and youth. The navy blue Asoka Chakra at the centre of the flag represents India’s peaceful intentions. We hoist our national flag on our rooftops during important occasions like Independence Day, Republic Day, and Netaji’s Birth Day.

Also, Read Paragraph on Democracy in India

Paragraph on Our National Flag (150+ Words)

It is believed that the first national flag of India was hoisted on 7 August 1906 in Kolkata’s Parsee Bagan Square (Green Park). The flag had three horizontal stripes of red, yellow, and green, with Vande Mataram written in the middle. The motion for the national flag of India was adopted by the Constituent Assembly on 22 July 1947.

The Indian tricolour has three equal horizontal stripes of saffron, white, and dark green. It is attributed to Pingali Venkayya, an Indian freedom fighter. The centre of the flag has the navy blue Asoka Chakra, which is the wheel of the Asoka pillar at Sarnath.

The colours of the flag have symbolic meanings. Saffron represents courage and sacrifice, white represents purity and truth, and dark green represents faith, wealth, and youth. The Asoka Chakra signifies India’s peaceful intentions. The national flag is important to us, and we hoist it on our rooftops during significant occasions such as Independence Day, Republic Day, and Netaji’s Birth Day.

Also, Read Paragraph on India

Paragraph on Our National Flag (200+ Words)

In Kolkata’s Parsee Bagan Square (Green Park) on 7 August 1906, the first national flag of India was hoisted. It had three horizontal stripes of red, yellow, and green, with Vande Mataram written in the middle. The red stripe had symbols of the sun and a crescent moon, while the green stripe had eight half-open lotuses.

On 22 July 1947, the Constituent Assembly adopted the motion for the current national flag of India. It has three bands of saffron, white, and dark green, arranged horizontally and equal in breadth. Pingali Venkayya, an Indian freedom fighter, is largely credited with designing the Indian tricolour. The navy blue Asoka Chakra (the wheel of the Asoka pillar at Sarnath) stands in the centre of the flag.

The colours of the flag represent different things. Saffron symbolizes courage and sacrifice, white stands for purity and truth, and the dark green represents faith, wealth, and youth. The Asoka Chakra signifies the peaceful intentions of India.

The national flag holds great importance in our lives, and we celebrate significant occasions like Independence Day, Republic Day, and Netaji’s Birth Day by hoisting it on our house tops. The flag is considered sacred, and no other flag should be placed above it or to its right.

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10 Lines on “Our National Flag” English Essay, Paragraph, Speech for Class 8, 9, 10 and 12 Students.

Our national flag.

1. Every country has its own flag. Our National Flag has three colours. 2. From top to bottom, are saffron, white and green colours. 3. These three colours stand for service and science, for truth, peace and purity, and last of all for faith, energy and prosperity. 4. There is the Ashoka Chakra in the middle. It stands for everlasting virtue. 5. Thus, our Tri-colour stands for our country’s pride, glory and independence. 6. Every Indian should love and respect the Indian Flag. 7. We must be ready to sacrifice our lives to protect the honour and glory of our Tri-Colour-The National Flag. 8. It is a symbol of countless martyrs who laid down their lives for freedom from the foreign rulers. 9. We must pledge to keep it fluttering forever, only then we can move with our heads held high. 10. So, on important National Days we unfurl our National Flag with respect, honour and pride.

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Our National Flag Essay

Every country has its own national flag. It provides a distinct identity to a nation. It is a symbol of freedom and national pride. India is an independent country. She has a national flag which we are very proud of.

When it flies on top of a building or a flag-post, our hearts swell with great pride and nationalism. The history of our national flag is long. Freedom-fighters fought a long battle under its shadow.

Many died fighting, but kept the flag high and flying. It inspired them to make great sacrifices and struggle hard for freedom. It united the people of all castes and communities in a strong national bond.

Leaders, when they first designed it, placed a spinning wheel in the center. Later, it was replaced by the wheel of Ashok Chakra. It symbolizes justice, peace, and spirituality. It is deep blue in color and has 24 spoke.s It also stands for duty and dharma.!

Our national flag has three horizontal bands or stripes of equal length and breadth. There are three different colors It is rectangular in shape. The three colors stand for peace, purity, and power.

At the top is the saffron color, which stands for valor, courage and the spirit of sacrifice. The white color represents peace, purity, truth, and honesty. The dark green color at the bottom stands for growth, agriculture, and prosperity.

It is very beautiful to look at. All the colours tell us that we should live in peace and love everybody Our national flag is the symbol of our glory. We should respect our flag We should ever keep it fly high.

We must always treat our national flag with respect and dignity. On our national festivals like August 15. January 26, etc. it is hoisted on all the important buildings and offices.

It is offered formal salute by our leaders and officers on such occasions. On sad occasions, it can be seen flying at half-mast. It symbolizes national mourning

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WHAT THE AMERICAN FLAG MEANS TO ME

On June 14, 1885, Bernard J. Cigrand, a 19-year-old teacher at Stony Hill School placed a 10-inch, 38 star flag on his desk. He asked his students to write an essay in reflection of what this flag meant to them. The National Flag Day Foundation aims to keep this patriotic tradition alive.

Be Inspired!! 2024 Winning Essays

"what does the american flag mean to me", grades 4-5: 1st - neel sood 2nd - lila smith, grades 6-7: 1st - ryan spang 2nd - jayce karmasin, grades 8-12: 1st - morgan belger 2nd - kristina raevsky.

2023 Essay Contest Winners

Grades 4 and 5

First Place Winner: Oliver Grogan, Oconomowoc, WI

Second Place Winner: Kirra Robbins, Reno, NV

Grades 6 and 7

First Place Winner: Benjamin Wu, University Place, WA

Second Place Winner: Benjamin Hallett, Grafton, WI

Grades 8-12

First Place Winner: Vania Munjar, Atlanta, GA

Second Place Winner: Zakary Miller, Fredonia, WI

2023 Winning Essays

First place - grades 4 & 5 oliver grogan, oconomowoc, wi.

The American flag is a very patriotic symbol. To me, it is more than that though. It represents the blood, sweat, and tears of all the men and women who willingly laid down their lives for our nation and our freedom. To me, the flag represents freedom, justice, and hope. I am proud to say that I am an American and that our nation truly represents freedom and equality. I know that here I can go to sleep knowing that I am safe. I think it's incredible that we started off with a flag and country with only thirteen colonies and thirteen stars. And now we have grown to be a country with fifty states and fifty stars. It's truly amazing to look back and see all of the progress we have made! That is what the American flag means to me! I am extremely proud to be an American!

Second Place - Grades 4 & 5 Kirra Robbins, Reno, NV

What does the U.S. flag mean to me? To me, our flag is more than just an ordinary flag, our flag is much more. From the red and white stripes, to the stars, to the flag's thirteen folds, it shows we are free. It is a symbol of independence, liberty, and freedom. It is a symbol of the soldiers that sacrificed their life to protect this country and our flag. The flag reminds us of all the blood, sweat, and tears shed to make this country the free country it is today. I hope whenever someone sees the U.S. flag they are reminded of all this. This is what the United States of America flag means to me.

First Place - Grades 6 & 7 Benjamin Wu, University Place, WA

Every time my family drives on highway I-5, our eyes are drawn to an enormous flag, dancing in the wind, proudly on display from a local business. On holidays, my neighborhood is adorned with many smaller flags, forming a sea of stars and stripes. The American flag is truly the People's flag, symbolizing the people's value of liberty, valor, and hope.

When Betsy Ross was asked to design the first US flag in 1777, it showed that a free country was formed. With time passing by, it has become a beacon of freedom and liberties for people around the world. They come under this flag because our land is free, just, and full of opportunities. The flag also stands for valor. Valor of soldiers, fighting in bloody wars for our country, to protect its honor and to protect us from harm. The flag also symbolizes hope. Hope is ingrained into the creation of our flag. When the flag was born, war was raging, and only the hope that led to our perseverance saved our country. So in dark times, we can look towards the flag, and feel the hope it represents.

Because of all the great values the flag stands for, we fondly make it a part of our daily lives; as students, every school day morning, we salute to the flag with the pledge of allegiance: "...One nation, under God, indivisible, with liberty and justice for all." It is why I'm so proud to be an American.

Second Place - Grades 6 & 7 Benjamin Hallett, Grafton, WI

The American flag is a symbol of freedom. It has flown through many battles in our country's history. When I see our majestic flag billowing in the wind, I remember the soldiers who have given everything to protect us, our country, and our precious freedom. As the flag ripples and casts its shadow over us, it shows that we are always safe behind our brave men and women in all branches of the military. The flag is a symbol of our powerful country and that under God, our country will thrive. Our flag encourages us to keep going, whether it's flying over a farm or a battlefield, we keep persevering for our beloved country. The bold colors of crisp red, deep blue, and pure white shows the boldness of our country. It reminds me of the bravery of my family, my father, grandfathers, and great grandfathers who have served for our great country. I will never forget the day when we were at Mount Rushmore in South Dakota and they invited the veterans up. My dad went up and they selected him to fold the flag that night. I was so proud. We have made it our tradition to get a new flag and put it up every Memorial Day. Our flag symbolizes the bravery and selflessness many have shown for our country. The tough decisions and split second choices have all led to what our country is today. The flag is a reminder of how much I love my country.

First Place - Grades 8-12 Vania Munjar, Atlanta, GA

The American flag is one of the most recognizable symbols in the world. Its colors and design are instantly recognizable, and it has become a symbol of freedom and opportunity. The flag is more than just a piece of cloth; it represents the values and ideals of a nation. To me, the American flag represents the freedom and opportunity that this country offers.

As an immigrant, India is a country which has limited opportunity and freedom. The American flag represents the promise of a better life. It is a symbol of motivation for me to work hard, achieve success, and make a positive impact on the world. The flag also represents the unity and diversity of the American people, reminding immigrants that they are a part of a larger community that values their contributions and welcomes them with open arms. I know that America has always been a melting pot of cultures, and the flag represents the diversity of the people who call America home. It symbolizes the unity of people from all walks of life, who come together to form a nation that is greater than the sum of its parts.

For many, the American flag is a symbol of freedom. The red stripes on the flag represent the bloodshed of those who have fought for our freedom, while the white stripes symbolize the purity and innocence of the nation. The blue field with the stars represents the unity of the 50 states and the hope for a brighter future. The flag is a reminder that freedom is not free, and that it requires sacrifice and hard work.

The American Dream is a concept that is familiar to people all over the world, and the American flag represents the hope and opportunity that this dream provides. For me and my family the American flag is a symbol of the chance to achieve success, to live a better life, and to make a difference in the world. Furthermore, the American flag is a reminder that anything is possible in America. This country has given me the opportunity to be a part of a community that values education, innovation, and hard work. It has given me the chance to pursue my dreams and to make a positive impact on the world.

In conclusion, the American flag is much more than just a piece of cloth; it is a symbol of the values and ideals that this country represents. It is a reminder of the sacrifices that have been made to protect our freedom and of the opportunities that America provides to those who are willing to work hard and pursue their dreams. The flag is a symbol of unity, diversity, and hope, and it serves as a reminder that we are all in this together.

Second Place - Grades 8-12 Zakary Miller, Fredonia, WI

What does the American flag mean to me? Ever since my dad fought the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan I've always asked my country to look after him. I've always asked that our flag would stand high with pride over his head. Every time to go to a flag burning we show pride and honor for discharging the flags of our fathers. We try to pull out any of them that aren't ripped, faded, or in any sad condition. The flag should be taken care of like it's the most precious thing in your life. We save the flags with 40 stars to restore the originality of our country during the Second World War.

I never thought I would see one of us come from another country in a box with our flag over him. But that's just how life works. Our flag means many things like tour loyalty, pride in the country, and even showing respect to those who died for this country, our flag, and our people. To this day I have shown hope in our flag. I still fly an American flag either in my room, outside, or in my dad's personal Military garage. I will never stop giving hope in our country, I will never stop giving hope until our flag is overthrown by another which I believe will never happen.

I'm writing this essay for the countless lives lost over the years, overseas, or even on our soil. I'm writing this because it's the best way to show how much you mean about our flag. Writing about what you love most is one of the best ways to show kindness, love, and loyalty to a friend or our flag. What I love most about the proudly earned American flag are the colors that make it pop out from any other country of the 50 stars showing how much land we've managed to salvage just to give our people home and freedom.

Until the time comes our flag will always be standing strong and tall with the might of a thousand suns or the hope in our people to make America better and to soon add more to our precious flag. But what does the American flag mean to me... it means I know I can go outside and have a smile on my face, it means I can have a well-earned reward for something I do, it means I can look in the sky, and see that our flag is still there flying with all its glory.

2022 WHAT THE FLAG MEANS TO ME ESSAY CONTEST WINNERS

Olivia Schmitz – Fredonia, Wisconsin – 4th Grade – 1st Place

This is what the flag means to me. The flag means war, hard work, perseverance, and how people gave their lives for the flag, which represents how much they love the United States of America. The flag means peace, love, and joy. America will always stand united and always fight for what is right in the world, never what is wrong. The flag means to love the place you live and to honor the ones who fought for it. It means everybody everywhere will always be welcomed and get the same treatment as everybody else; it will not matter if your skin is black or if it’s white. What matters most is how you are on the inside and flag will show you that. The flag will guide you through hard times. That’s what the flag means to me.

Desiree Jaicynth Wilson Lao – Reno, Nevada – 5th Grade – 2nd Place

The American Flag was made possible by many wonderful people that have lived before us. The flag was made to bring freedom, liberty, and justice to our country. People may just take a first glance at the flag and not think deeply about what millions of soldiers had suffered through just to fight for the future’s freedom and their family’s freedom. When I take a look, I can feel the pride and freedom run through my veins. “United we Stand, divided we fall,” Lincoln once said. That’s how I feel when I see the flag. It makes me feel proud of my country. If our flag wasn’t here, I may not be standing here this very second. All in all, I am proud and free because of our Flag.

Madi Eckhart – Neenah, Wisconsin – 8th Grade – 1st Place

To me, as to many others, the American flag symbolizes our country’s perseverance and overcomings; the war we fought, the freedom we gained, and the impediments yet to arise. Our flag displays the rightful freedom of our country. It is a sign of refuge for those seeking it. It is a sign of respect for all those who fought for our country and died a hero in doing so. It is a sign of power in our strong leadership, non despotic; the bond that the states share as they work together to run this country. It is a sign of home for many. The American flag is symbolic of our country, of our strifes and overcomings, of our leadership, of our heroes, and of our past. The American flag brings the country together, unites fifty states as one, guides our nation through thick and thin, and carries our country through it all. The flag will forever be the trademark of our country. The first American flag was created by Betsy Ross in 1777. It started off with thirteen stripes and a circle of thirteen patriotic stars in the top left corner. This symbolized the thirteen colonies that made up our country, and the flag has since developed with the country. Today, the flag proudly waves fifty stars, one for every state that constructs the United States. However, these people, this land, was not always a country. It was first under the rule of Great Britain, a powerful country wishing nothing from the 13 colonies but their tax money. War broke out among the colonists and Great Britain in 1775, which led to the making of a new country: The United States of America. The rise of one country left the defeat of another in its wake. Our flag carries the story of a journey to independence in its stripes and flags as it elegantly waves over our victory to this day. Our flag waves proudly today in remembrance of all those who fought for our country. There have been countless wars our country has fought in with much trauma endured, either to defend our own country or protect another. Many have served in the war, and many died in doing so. The American flag waves today to venerate the losses that we carry with us as a country, to honor and lament those who died proudly serving our country, and display their bravery throughout the nation. The American flag means a lot of things to me. It showcases the trials and triumphs our country has walked through together. It stands for a land many are proud to call home. The flag waves to display the bravery of men and women who fought to defend and guard our country. The American flag also tells a story. One of how the United States of American came to be. Of the difficult war we fought for independence, fighting sagaciously, earning our right of freedom. This is what the American flag means to me.

Taylor Browning – Hammond, Wisconsin – 8th Grade – 2nd Place

I s the American Flag just some piece of fabric with red and white stripes, an undersized blue box, and white stars? In contrast, is the flag something that represents freedom and justice in our country? Everyone has a different opinion on what the American flag truly represents for them, but most can agree with the statement that the flag shows the true meaning of being American. Being American does not just mean that you were born in the country and have all the rights that you are given in the Bill of Rights and Constitution. The true representation of being American is the American Flag and how it shows the history all Americans went through. The hard-fought battles of all United States soldiers and the eloquent speeches given by founding fathers, abolitionists, and activists. The American flag not only shows the great times in history that pathed our way, but the pain we had to feel. The exceptional gut-wrenching pain we had to feel after the 9/11 attacks and the attack on Pearl Harbor. Each attack left every American looking for an emblem to bring us back hope. The American flag is the symbol that brought hope during times of pain and times of change in history. The American Flag shows us not only how to be a true Americans, but how America was built. One quote said by Harry S. Truman states, “America was not built on fear. American was built on courage, on imagination, and an unbeatable determination to do the job at hand.” By this quote, the American flag shows us how to have the courage to fight for our freedom and have the determination to get the job done and done well. The flag shows us to imagine the great times that are coming in America and how we can keep America safe for everyone. Courage, Imagination, and unbeatable determination are truly some of the best ways to be a great American. This piece of fabric for some is something that just hangs to show our country as a whole, but to me, it is the true American symbol of life. It shows me how to be a civilized American and how I should help make out country a better place. The American flag is not a political party emblem. It is also not something that should be burned at the hand of somebody who claims they love America. Being a true American is using your courage to fight, your imagination to hope, and unstoppable determination to get the job done to represent the flag. Being a true American is looking at the history the flag shows us and understanding that we have been given this freedom and we cannot take it for granted, because some countries are struggling right now. So I leave you with the thought that, is the American flag just some red and white stripes, an undersized blue box, and white stars that show us justice and freedom?

Nolan Wood – Fredonia, Wisconsin – 7th Grade – 1st Place

The flag is a symbol of freedom. When I stand up for the Pledge of Allegiance every morning and put my hand over my heart. I am thanking all of the brave people who got drafted into the war, unknowing of what would happen overseas. They fought for our people, they fought for our rights, our land, and most of all, our Freedom. Our Freedom is like no one elses. Our Freedom is like nothing any one else will ever have or know. Our Freedom is because of that flag. Because it is still waving through the air. Because of the brave soldiers who fought for this. They saved our flag, they saved our Freedom. That flag with the 50 stars and 13 stripes doesn’t just represent the land of the free, but it represents everything that has ever happened here. It represents the good. It also represents the bad. It represents the brave colonists who came here not knowing what terrors this country might bring. Those brave colonists didn’t care, they built their land, they fought against the people who tried to take all away from them. They had one thought in mind when they fought against the ruthless British army. They were thinking of Freedom. They were thinking of a country that is free. They didn’t know how it would turn out, but they had one sight and they saw it through. In conclusion, the flag means what we have been through, the freedom, and the tremendous loss.

Jersey Borsheim – West Bend, Wisconsin – 6th Grade – 2nd Place

Did you know that there have been 27 different variations of the American flag? The red in the flag represents valor, the white represents innocence, and the blue represents perseverance. Flag Day is a day that honors the American Flag. Here is what that flag means to me. The American Flag means a lot to me. First, it represents freedom. The flag represent the war that American soldiers sacrificed and risked their lives to win, just to give us freedom. Second, when I look at the American Flag, it shows how hard people fought to be who they want, and what they want. In the Pledge of Allegiance, it does say, “With liberty and justice for all.” Another thing I see when I look at the flag is honor. When I look at the flag, I see brave people who made this country what it is. Lastly, I see people living happily together. The Pledge of Allegiance does mention that our amazing country is indivisible. Historical figures fought to make our country that way. The people who fought in the military have served and risked their lives to bring us this world, and meant for everyone to live happily. All in all, the American flag means very much to me. The American Flag that Betsy Ross made on July 14, 1777, is not just a piece of cloth, it is something that represents freedom, honor, and indivisibility. That is what the American Flag means to me.

2021 WINNERS

1st Place: High School

Hannah Lango

I have noticed that lately some people don’t respect the American flag; they say the pledge of allegiance or sing the national anthem without standing and putting their hand over their heart. This bothers me because our flag deserves reverence and respect. It is a tangible symbol of how our nation was founded, what it is today, and what it will be tomorrow.

To me, the history of America is written on those white stars and crimson stripes. When I see our flag, I can almost see our founding fathers in a heated discussion over the unjust taxes England is levying on them. I see Patrick Henry slam his clenched first down on a table as he makes a passionate and eloquent plea for liberty. I see Paul Revere, William Dawes, and Samuel Prescott leaping onto their horses and riding like wildfire to warn their fellow Americans of the approaching British navy. I see Thomas Jefferson presenting the Declaration of Independence to the Continental Congress and John Hancock leaning over the document, quill in hand, as he boldly signs it in his flamboyant penmanship. I see the hush that falls over the colonies as they realize they just picked a fight with the strongest nation on earth. I see the battles that ensued, fought by brave patriots and led by the great General Washington. And I see the final battle at Yorktown, where Washington trapped the British against the Chesapeake Bay and decisively ended the war, securing independence for the fledgling United States of America.

It was almost unbelievable. There was no way on earth our untrained militia could have beaten mighty England, but we did. And the courage, spirit, and sense of justice that drove those early patriots to fight for a better tomorrow is woven into the very fabric of our American flag-red for bravery. White for purity. Blue for justice.

The flag is the history of America.

Our flag also represents America as it is today-the greatest nation ever in the history of mankind. The country where freedom rings. The country known for upholding justice, defending the oppressed, and fighting tyranny. The land that is respected by the world because of her prosperity and strength. The place where everyone, no matter what your religion or color, has equal opportunity to live the American dream.

The country I am proud to call “home.”

The future of the United States is also symbolized by the flag. You see, the story of America is still being written today-by us. It’s up to us to carry the torch of excellence passed down from the Americans before us.

During the War of 1812, Francis Scott Key penned the famous words, “O say, does that star spangled banner yet wave o’er the land of the free and the home of the brave?” Despite having been written several hundred years ago, that same question is still relevant today. Obviously, the flag is indeed waving over our nation, but is it flying over a free and brave nation? Twenty years from now, will our flag still symbolize the greatest nation on earth? We must do all we can to ensure that it does. Each and every American has the responsibility to maintain our country’s reputation so that our flag will remain the emblem of power and greatness that it has been every since 1776.

So, in short, our flag represents the past, present, and future of the United States of America. I respect it and love it because it is the symbol of the country I respect and love. It is an honor to live under the American flag, and I hope that someday, at least in part, I can repay my wonderful country for the freedoms and opportunities I have because of it.

2nd place: High School

Jada Straight-Rochwite

What does the American flag mean to me? What does the American flag mean to everyone in the United States? The American Flag has represented freedom, courage, valor, perseverance, justice, innocence, purity and bravery since 1777, but to many of us, it represents much more.

The American Flag represents my Grandpa who fought in Vietnam; in the Navy, my cousins who enlisted in the Army, and my uncles and aunts who are army veterans. It represents the time that they spent away from home, the injuries that they sustained, and the children who never got to see their parents again. It represents the letters that I sent to my brother as he was overseas in the Army and the time I spent away from him. It represents the tears that I shed as he came walking up the stairs of my house to embrace me in a tight hug that lasted for minutes, the day he came back home.

The American Flag also represents law enforcement, first responders, fire serves, ems, and all of the other professions that keep us safe. The similarity between all of the professions I listed are that they all represent, courage, valor, perseverance, justice, innocence, purity and bravery; the same as the American flag represents.

To me the American flag is a symbol of Pride. When the first steps on the moon were taken, there was an American flag placed next to the footprints, representing the pride that we have for our Country. Olympians will wrap the flag around them as they receive the Gold medal because they have pride for the country they are competing for. All emergency response stations have an American flag flying high outside their station because they are proud to be serving their community in the great United States.

When a hero falls, such as a police officer or a firefighter, the American flag is flown at half-staff to honor the fallen heroes that lost their lives serving our communities in our great Country. As a daughter of a firefighter and as a firefighter myself, I pray that the need of the American flag flown at half-staff isn’t ever needed again, but then again, I don’t think there is a greater honor than to have the American Flag be flown in honor of us if tragedy were to strike.

The American flag reminds me of the history that I wasn’t there for, but have learned about throughout the years. It reminds me of the 22 Veterans every day that commit suicide because of what they have been through before, during and after they served our great Country. I’m reminded of the hardships that people have gone through in our Country. It reminds me of the kindness we should have for each other, as we may have differences, but we are all still Americans.

In conclusion, the American flag means a lot more to me than the red, white, and blue and the 50 stars. When I look at the American flag, I feel bravery, courage, happiness that I have that freedom because of our amazing heroes, pain because of the heroes we lost, and most of all; pride.

Through wars and in times of peace, the sight of the American flag has given assurances that democracy lives. No other symbol captures the power and glory of our nation like the American flag.

1st Place: Grades 6-8

Chase White

When you look at the American flag, what do you think of? Maybe you think of the people who fought for it, or the people in the country today. The American flag can make you feel many different ways, and that’s something I love about it. Some people don’t think about what it means, but there are many things that it represents.

First, the American flag means that people had to sacrifice their lives to save other people. The people who died deserve to be honored, and they are honored every day by Americans. Next, it means that the people who live in the United States are all united as one nation that together can do anything. Americans pledge their allegiance which means they are going to respect the flag and the other people that live under it. Lastly, the people who survived those wars must think about the people who were serving with them all the time. I believe that when those veterans look at the flag they know that veterans who died were honored to serve with them. The American flag is the thing that unites us, shows our respect for veterans, and shows our allegiance to the United States, which is why it is very important.

The thoughts that you have when you look at the American flag are not right or wrong; it is just how you interpret it. The American flag can represent different things for different people, and that’s what makes it special.

2nd Place: Grades 6-8

Leanna Weinhold

The American flag is a symbol of accomplishment, bravery, freedom, and equality. Our flag means this and more, not being a mere piece of cloth. These thirteen stripes portray the first colonies; the stars represent our nation’s fifty states. The vibrant colors of these pieces have even more meaning. Red symbolizes strength and valor. White symbolizes purity, innocence, peace, and beauty. Blue symbolizes perseverance, justice, prosperity, and freedom. This flag symbolizes our country.

Imagine it’s July 20, 1969 and you are sitting in your living room watching Neil Armstrong taking his first step on the moon. You are witnessing with your own eyes the first man to ever walk on the moon. This moment will never be forgotten, filled with awe and wonder. The American flag was flown into space and placed on the moon’s surface. Our flag made it to the moon, and we accomplished the unimaginable.

The American flag inspired our valiant soldiers to fight for our freedom, liberty, and democracy. We Americans have a duty to honor the lives sacrificed. We should appreciate and show gratitude to the people that dedicated themselves to our country.

I am blessed to be born an American and feel so much pride for my nation. I am truly privileged to have so many opportunities in his country that God has blessed.

“When we honor our flag we honor what we stand for as a nation: freedom, equality, justice, and hope.” Ronald Reagan said it well. Let us show the honor due.

1st Place: Grades 4-5

Will Benedict

The American Flag is more than just cloth, it’s freedom, opportunity, and freedom of the press. I’m thankful for all the soldiers that died. They will be remembered forever and loved because God has a special place for them. Army, Navy, Air Force, and Marines gave their lives for America’s freedom.

We all have equal opportunity whether we are white, black, rich, or poor. People from all over the world want to come to America to experience the freedom and love it provides. In other places, people don’t experience the same freedom we do. When I see the flag, it represented being able to follow my own chosen path.

It’s an honor and a privilege to be a citizen of this country. Living in America isn’t like living in any other country. Every day, good people give their best to make our country better. My pride in our country makes me want to continue that legacy. I love our flag and always will. It is a physical reminder of what opportunity we have, our religious freedom, and a representation of the battles my family won defending her.

2nd Place: Grades 4-5

Adrian Qerimi

What the American flag means to me is… that our country fought for us many times. The army gave us freedom, protection, and a great place to live. When I see the flag it reminds me of doing the Pledge of Allegiance at school. It also reminds me of when we unite just like the United States. During the Fourth of July my family and I go to the neighbors and watch the fireworks. When I watch the fireworks I think of bursting bombs just like the ones in war. My great-grandpa was in the Korean War and he told many stories about it. The American flag relates to that because he helped the army build huge bridges! I have many ideas about the flag. Hopefully, you have amazing reasons about the flag too. In my opinion the American flag is special in it’s own way.

2020 ESSAY CONTEST WINNERS

The National Flag Day Foundation wishes to thank each of the nearly 250 students who submitted essays for the2020 contest. The response was greater than ever, with entries received from all over the United States. All of the essays were well done, making selection of only two per category difficult. The students expressed very thought-provoking reflections on the personal significance of the American Flag. All contestants are to be applauded for their outstanding effort. Special thanks to all of the contestants and our panel of judges.

First Place - Grades 3-5

Kira Cunningham Milwaukee, WI

First Place - Grades 6-8

Eva Duran Port Washington, WI

First Place - Grades 9-12

Jena Lakhani Richmond, TX

Second Place - Grades 3-5

Ethan Krueger Grafton, WI

Second Place - Grades 6-8

Delsie Duvall Sparks, NV

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Essays on National Flag

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To some college goers, composing National Flag papers comes easy; others need the help of various kinds. The WowEssays.com database includes expertly crafted sample essays on National Flag and related issues. Most definitely, among all those National Flag essay examples, you will find a piece that get in line with what you perceive as a worthy paper. You can be sure that literally every National Flag work showcased here can be used as a glowing example to follow in terms of overall structure and writing different chapters of a paper – introduction, main body, or conclusion.

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National Flag

Every independent nation has a national flag on its own. Bangladesh is also a free country. We have a national flag as well. Our national flag symbolizes freedom and sovereignty of a free country, but the journey was arduous. We got our independence through a bloody liberation war, and we have lost millions of lives in the war. There is a specific ratio to make our national flag. It should be 10:6 . The national flag of Bangladesh was adopted officially on 17 January 1972. The features of our national flag are that it has a rectangular background and a circle in the middle. The green color stands for our green motherland. The green color of the flag represents the agricultural side and the field full of greenery. Also, this green color symbolizes the hard work of our farmers who work every day to make the green land. The red color is the symbol of the rising sun, which is the source of energy. Also, the red color reminds us of the sacrifice of martyrs who gave their blood for the sake of our motherland. I feel proud of my national flag because whenever and wherever I see the national flag, it reminds me that I am in an independent country. I can uphold its humor by doing our national duties properly.

Writer: Afrah Nawar Mustary

Indian Flag Essay

The Indian National Flag is a symbol of India’s freedom and its integrity. It symbolizes that the nation is governed by its own people, without any foreign interference. Prideful display of the flag demarcates Indian territories and act as a warning to the invaders. National Flag of India is a rectangular Tricolor with three horizontal stripes of saffron, white and green, from top to bottom respectively.

In the middle of the white stripe there is an impression of Ashoka Wheel of Ashoka Chakra printed in blue. The Flag is based on Swaraj Flag designed by Pingali Venkayya. Saffron represents courage and sacrifice, white is a symbol of peace and green represents fertility and prosperity. Tricolor display is governed by the Flag code of India and any act of dishonor to the National Flag is a punishable offence.

Long and Short Essay on National Flag of India in English

The National flag of India is a symbol of honour and freedom for the country. It is of great significance to us. We should respect and know everything about our national flag.

Here we have provided some simple long and short essay on Indian National Flag. These Indian National Flag Essay are written in simple language so that they could be easily memorized and presented whenever needed.

After going through the essays you would know the history of our National flag as well as its significance in keeping the nation united.

You can select any of the below given essays and present it in speech, debates of essay writing competitions in your school or college.

National Flag of India Essay 1 (100 Words)

India is our country and our National Flag is very important for all of us. Our national flag is the symbol of unity for the people of different religions living here. We should honour and respect our country and its national flag. It is very necessary for every independent country to have a national flag. Our national flag is tricolour so also called as Tiranga. The topmost colour of our national flag is saffron, middle one is white and lowermost color is green colour. The middle strip of white colour contains a navy blue Ashok Chakra having 24 equally divided spokes.

National Flag of India Essay 2 (150 Words)

National flag is our unique identity of being a citizen of an independent nation. Every independent nation has its unique flag. Our national flag is a symbol of unity and freedom. The national flag is hoisted on every national occasion by the government official however Indian citizens are also allowed to fly the national flag on some occasions.

It is hoisted in the government offices, schools and other educational institutions on the occasions of Republic Day , Independence Day and other national events. Indian national flag was first time adopted on July 22 nd in 1947. Our national flag is a beautifully designed tricolour flag, also known as Tiranga. It is made up of hand-made Khadi clothes. It is completely restricted to make the Indian flag using clothes other than the Khadi. The topmost colour of national flag is saffron, middle white and lower deep green. Saffron colour symbolizes sacrifice and selflessness, white colour truth and purity and green youth and energy.

National Flag of India Essay 3 (200 Words)

The national flag of India was adopted on 22 nd of July in 1947 some days after the independence of India on 15 th of August, 1947 from the British rule. The Indian national flag contains three colours and thus also called as the Tiranga. The uppermost saffron colour indicates sacrifice and selflessness, middle white colour indicates truth, peace and purity and lowermost green colour indicates youth and energy. The middle white colour contains a navy blue colour Ashoka Chakra which has 24 equal spokes. Our national flag is a symbol of freedom, pride, unity and honour. Ashok Chakra indicates real victory of honesty and justice.

Our national flag teaches us the lesson of unity, peace and humanity. It helps us to believe in the truth and unity. It is hoisted every year by the Indian prime Minister of India on 15 th of August and by the President of India on 26 th of January. However, it is hoisted by both of them at Red Fort followed by address to people of India. Our national flag is made up of khadi clothe, a hand-made clothe initiated by the Mahatma Gandhi. It is strictly prohibited in our country to fly a national flag made up of clothe other than Khadi.

National Flag of India Essay 4 (250 Words)

India got independence after long years of struggle of more than thousands brave Indian freedom fighters. India got freedom on 15 th of August in 1947 from the British rule. Some days before the independence of India, the national flag of India was adopted on 22 nd of July in 1947 (in the meeting of constituent assembly) as a symbol of unity and great triumph. Our national is tricolour so called Tiranga Zanda. Our national flag is courage and inspiration for us. It makes us remember about the sacrifices of our great Indian freedom fighters. It makes us remember that how tough that moment was for them. Getting freedom was not so easy. We should always respect our flag and never let it go down for our motherland.

Our national flag is horizontally designed using tricolour strips of saffron, white and green. The middle white portion has navy blue Ashok Chakra with 24 spokes. All the three colours, Ashok Chakra and 24 spokes have their own meaning and significance. The uppermost Saffron colour symbolizes the devotion and renunciation. The middle white color indicates the peace and harmony. And the lowermost green colour indicates youth and energy. However, the Ashoka Chakra (means Wheel of Ashoka) symbolizes the peace and courageousness.

Our national flag is made up of khadi clothe which is a special hand-spun cloth initiated by the Mahatma Gandhi. All the manufacturing processes and designing specifications are handled by the Bureau of Indian Standards. It is strictly forbidden in our country to use the flag made up of other clothes instead of Khadi.

National Flag of India Essay 5 (300 Words)

Our national flag is also called as the Tiranga Jhanda as it has three colours. It contains tricolour horizontal stripes of uppermost saffron, middle white and lowermost green. The middle one white strip contains a navy blue Ashoka Chakra (also called Dharma Chakra) in its centre. The present time Indian national flag was first officially adopted in the Constituent Assembly meeting on 22 nd of July in 1947. The ratio of length and width of the Indian flag is 3:2.

Prevention of Improper Use Act, 1950 and Prevention of Insults to National Honour Act, 1971 both, governs the use and display of national flag. Flag Code of India was established in 2002 to govern all the laws, practices conventions, and instructions to respect and honour the Indian flag. The Indian national flag was first proposed by the Mahatma Gandhi in 1921 to the Indian National Congress. Our national flag was first designed by the Pingali Venkayya. It is considered that the saffron and green strip was decided to honour both religions like Hindu and Muslim. Later a white strip was added in the middle with a spinning wheel in the centre to symbolize the respect to other religions.

Before the independence of India, various Indian flags were designed to precede the Indian Independence Movement to get freedom from the British rulers. Finally the present design of the national was officially adopted. Earlier the display of national flag was prohibited by the common public and it was only displayed by the government officials during any national event however later it was allowed to the common public to display the national flag to their own premises. It is a symbol of unity and honour to our motherland, so we all should always respect our national flag and never let its honour go down.

National Flag of India Essay 6 (400 Words)

The National Flag of India is also known as the Tiranga Jhanda. It was first officially adopted during the meeting of Constituent Assembly on July 22 nd in 1947. It was adopted 24 days before the independence of India from British rule. It was designed by the Pingali Venkayya. It was so designed in horizontal shape having three colours of saffron, white and green in equivalent proportions. The upper saffron colour, white middle, lower dark green colours. Our national flag contains 2:3 ratio of width and length. In the centre a navy blue wheel having 24 spokes is designed in the middle white strip. Ashoka Chakra was taken from the pillar of the Ashok, Sarnath (Lion Capital of Ashoka).

Our national flag is of great significance to all of us. All the colours, strips, wheel and clothe used in the flag have their special significance. Flag code of India decides the use and display of national flag. Till 52 years after the independence of India, national flag was not allowed to display by the people however later the rule was altered (according to the flag code 26 th January 2002) to use flag at homes, offices and factories on any special occasion. National Flag is hoisted on the national occasions like Republic day, Independence day, etc. It is also displayed in the schools and educational institutions (colleges, universities, sports camps, scout camps, etc) to inspire the students for honouring and respecting the Indian Flag.

Students take an oath and sing national anthem while unfurling the national flag in the schools and colleges. Public and private organization members may also hoist the flag on any occasions, ceremonial event, etc. It is restricted to display the national flag for any communal or personal gains. Nobody is allowed to display the flag made of other clothes otherwise it is a punishment of imprisonment and fine. National Flag can be flown from morning till evening (sunrise to sunset) in any weather. It is prohibited to intentionally dishonour the national flag or touch it to the ground, floor or trail in water. It should not be used to cover the top, bottom, sides or back of any vehicle, like car, boat, trains, or aircraft. On flag other than the Indian should be displayed at higher level.

Essay on Importance of National Flag of India – Essay 7 (600 Words)

Introduction

National Flag of India, fondly known as Tiranga, is the nation’s pride. It is an important and integral part of the Republic of India. It represents the sovereignty of the country and is respected by its citizens. It is flown on all the government buildings in India. It is a ritual to hoist the national flag of India on national festivals such as Independence Day, Republic Day and Gandhi Jayanti.

Importance of the Indian National Flag

The National Flag of India reflects its culture, civilization and history. The flag flowing in the air is a symbol of freedom. It reminds the Indian citizens of the sacrifices made by the freedom fighters to free our country from the tyranny of the British. It also inspires them to be humble and value the freedom and independence they have attained after much struggle.

The Indian national flag is referred to as Tiranga as it consists of three colours -Saffron, White and Green. The saffron colour on the top symbolizes indifference which means our leaders must remain indifferent towards materialistic things. Serving the nation should be on the top of their priority list and they must do their work selflessly. The white colour in the middle represents truth and purity which means we must always follow the path of truth and right conduct. The green colour at the bottom symbolizes soil and nature and reminds us to stay grounded to our roots.

The Ashoka Chakra printed in the middle of the flag on the white portion is a symbol of the law of Dharma. It means that Dharma or virtue must be the main guiding principles of those who serve the nation. It is also a symbol of motion and inspires to keep moving in life irrespective of the challenges and hardships.

History of the Indian National Flag

It was Mahatma Gandhi who came up with the idea of a flag for the Indian National Congress in the year 1921 when the struggle for Indian independence was still going on. The flag had a spinning wheel printed in the middle as it symbolized Bapu’s goal of making the citizens of India self-reliant by spinning and fabricating clothes. The design of the flag evolved and improvised with time. On India’s independence, the flag was modified further and the spinning wheel was replaced by the Ashoka Chakra that is the eternal wheel of law.

Code of Indian National Flag

The citizens of India are expected to respect and keep the honour of the national flag of the country. A set of rules have been put in place against the mistreatment of the national flag. Some of these are as follows:

Flying the Tiranga made of any material other than Khadi or hand-spun cloth is punishable by law.
The flag can be carried during processions but must be borne only on the right shoulder of the bearer. Secondly, it must always be carried in front of the procession.
The flag must always be held high and not lowered before anything.
No other flag can be placed above the Tri-colour neither can it be placed to its right.
Whenever the flag is in a moving column, the people present must stand in attention position and pay respect by saluting as it passes them.
The flag must be flown at half mast to signify mourning. It is flown half mast across the nation in case of death of President, Vice-president and Prime Minister during their duty period.

Our National Flag is our pride. We must uphold its dignity even if it is at the cost of our lives. It must always flow high as it is a symbol of the freedom that was earned after years of struggle and sacrifices.

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Paragraph on Our National Flag

In this post, I have shared a paragraph on our National Flag of Bangladesh. This paragraph is mostly common for class 5 to class 8 and JSC students. Advertisement I have written several paragraphs of…

In this post, I have shared a paragraph on our National Flag of Bangladesh. This paragraph is mostly common for class 5 to class 8 and JSC students.

I have written several paragraphs of different sizes. You can follow what suits you. If you are a student of SSC and HSC, you can also use it.

You must write a paragraph in a single paragraph though I showed them in multiple paragraphs for your better understanding.

Our National Flag Paragraph for Class 5 in 100 Words

Every country has a national flag of its own. As an independent country, Bangladesh also has a national flag. A national flag is the symbol of the freedom of a nation. Our national flag is rectangular. The background of the flag is bottle green and it has a red circle in the middle. The green colour stands for our green fields, everlasting freshness, vigour and vitality of our nation. The red circle stands for the red sun of freedom. The blood-red colour of the sun is a memorial of bloody war and the sacrifice of 30 lac martyrs lives. The flag’s length and breadth are in the ratio of 10:6. We are proud of our country and determined to hold the prestige of our national flag.

Paragraph on Our National Flag 150 Words

Our national flag.

A national flag is a symbol of the independence and sovereignty of a free country. Every free nation of the globe has its own flag. Similarly, Bangladesh has a national flag as She is an independent country.

Bangladesh got this flag on December sixteen, 1971, after a nine-month-long valiant struggle of our heroic freedom fighters with the occupying Pakistani army.

The national flag of Bangladesh is rectangular in shape having a proportion of 10:6 or 5:3. There are 2 colours in our flag – green and red. The green colour of our flag stands for everlasting youth, vigour, and freshness of the nation. It also symbolizes the greenery of Bangladesh. The red colour symbolizes the rising sun of independence. It stands for the supreme sacrifices of our heroic freedom fighters who set down their lives for the reason for their country of origin.

The flag is hoisted every day on top of government offices and educational institutions. Whenever we see our national flag flying, our mind is filled with joy and hearts swell in pride. We feel proud of our national flag .

Our National Flag Paragraph 250 Words

The national flag is a piece of fabric with a special and unique coloured design. It is used as the symbol of a particular country.

Every nation of the world has a national flag of its own. It is the symbol of the independence of a nation. As an independent country, Bangladesh has also a national flag.

We achieved this in 1971 at the cost of 30 lac of martyrs. The ratio of its length and breadth is 10:6. Our national flag is a green rectangle with a round red circle in the middle. The radius of the red circle is one-fifth of the length of the flag. The green colour represents our green fields and the youthful vigour of our country. The red circle symbolizes the blood of our 30 lac martyrs who sacrificed their lives for the country. The red circle also stands for the red sun of freedom and new hope for a new nation.

After 9 months long bloody war, Bangladesh became independent on 16th December of 1971. The national flag is hoisted on the premises of every govt office, institute and organization in Bangladesh. It is kept half-mast on national mourning days

Our national flag reminds us of the supreme sacrifice of our heroic sons. It inspires us to die for the country. We should be determined to uphold the honour of our national flag and do duties to the nation.

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But sir this paragraph is too small for 10 marks for my English exam….

Yes, this is. I'll update this page with a new paragraph with 200 words. Thanks for visiting.

It is too small for 10 marks and more points should be nooted

Would you tell me for which class you need this paragraph? 250 words paragraph for secondary is good enough to get 10 marks. Actually getting marks depends on quality not on number of words. Ok I'll share 1 more paragraph in 300 words.

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The National Flag Of India – 10 Lines, Short & Long Essay For Children

Key Points To Note: Essay On The National FLag For Classes 1, 2 & 3

10-line essay on the national flag of india, a paragraph on the national flag for kids, short essay on the indian national flag for children, long essay on the national flag, what will your child learn from this essay.

Early childhood learning involves using words, language, and speech that can help them communicate. However, in this present day of smartphones and laptops, children need to understand the importance of writing a good essay from an early stage to enjoy reading and develop critical thinking through creativity and imagination. India’s National Flag is not just a symbol of national pride but represents the hopes and aspirations of all Indians. Whether kids are preparing for school exams or competitions, a national flag essay must demonstrate their views on the given topic and English language skills. An essay on National Flag for classes 1, 2 and 3 must highlight the design, colour, and usage and its importance as a symbol of honour, patriotism, and freedom for the country.

Every country has its National Flag, a mark of identity, pride, and integrity for its citizens. Writing an essay is an important skill for your child’s education. Here are some key points to remember :

Read and do extensive research on the topic.
Your essay must contain an introductory, body, and concluding paragraph.
Ponder upon a logical and thought-provoking ending.

Nobody expects an essay for classes 1 & 2 to be perfect, and it should contain short sentences that carry one idea at a time. Here is a short essay on the National Flag of India for kids.

The National Flag of India upholds its people’s honour and independence from British rule.
The National Flag of India is in the shape of a rectangular flap.
It is referred to as the ‘Tiranga’ or tricolour parallel bands- saffron, white and green.
These colours represent India’s freedom’s unity, strength, and symbol.
The blue-coloured Chakra at the Flag’s centre has 24 spiked wheels and symbolises ‘dharma’ resembling Mahatma Gandhi’s spinning wheel.
Pingali Venkayya made the final design of the National Flag as the “Swaraj Flag”.
The Flag is made up of Khadi cotton or Khadi silk.
Every citizen must respect the National Flag.
Any insult to the National Flag is a punishable offence.
On 22nd July 1947, the Constituent Assembly adopted it in its current state.

Every country has its national flag, and sometimes it represents a nation. If your child has to write a paragraph on our National Flag, here is an essay to enlighten them in many ways:

The Indian National flag is also known as “Tiranga”. Pingali Venkayya proposed the final design of our National Flag. The horizontally placed tri-colour of this flag is saffron, white and green. The saffron denotes the sacrifices of the leaders and revolutionaries of India’s freedom struggle. The white portion means the peace and harmony prevalent among India’s religious and ethnic groups. The green colour represents the soil and vegetation of our country and how they sustain its people. The Ashoka wheel is navy blue at the centre of the white stripe. We must always respect our National Flag.

Children should read a short essay on the Indian National Flag from an early age. Moreover, an article about the Indian Flag can make children curious about the Flag’s history and the nation. Here is a short essay on Indian National Flag for children:

The Indian National flag as we see it today was adopted by the Constituent Assembly on 22 July 1947, a month before India’s Independence Day on 15 August 1947. After India became independent from Great Britain, the Indian Flag was adopted. Since then, the ‘Tricolor’ showcases the democratic and republic status of the country. Pingali Venkayya designed the Indian National Flag as the ‘Swaraj Flag.’ The colours on the Flag are saffron on the top, white in the middle, and green on the bottom. The navy blue-coloured Ashoka chakra is in the centre of the white-coloured band. The Ashok Chakra represents ‘dharma’ as it resembles the spinning wheel of Gandhiji. Symbolising the country and its citizens, the National Flag is the pride of all Indian citizens.

An essay for class 3 is an exercise of the student’s creative imagination. Here is a long essay on the National Flag of India that can inspire them to cultivate more patriotic feelings for their motherland:

The significance of the National Flag is taught to kids in their school. The Indian Flag is the pride of our country and describes the nation. Considered one of the most attractive flags globally, with vibrant colours and symbols, this ‘Tiranga’ has a deep significance to the country and its people. The National Flag is hoisted on important historical places and government buildings at national festivals yearly. The national anthem is sung, and our leaders offer a formal salute during the flag hoisting ceremony.

The Indian National flag was adopted by the Constitutional Assembly on 22 July 1947, and it has three colours describing our nation’s renunciation and rich tradition. It is rectangular and contains three horizontal bands of colours of equal length and breadth. There are three different colours on the Flag that stand for peace, purity, and power. Earlier, private citizens’ usage of the Indian Flag was prohibited, except on Republic Day and Independence Day.

The Flag has saffron on the top, white in the middle, and green at the bottom. The saffron colour shows the soldiers’ courage and spirit of sacrifice in the struggle for independence. The white colour represents purity, truth, and honesty. On the other hand, the green shows the nation’s rich agricultural heritage, and white symbolises the path of peace and truth. There is an Ashok Chakra in the white strip known as dharma chakra, taken from the Lion Pillar or Ashoka Stambh in Sarnath. It symbolises justice, peace, and spirituality. There are 24 spokes in the wheel, representing the 24 hours a day. The measurement ratio of the National Flag is 3:2, and it uses Khadi material.

The National Flag should be respected and honoured under all circumstances as it signifies the status of India as an independent republic and democratic country. When the Flag is hoisted or lowered, people should stand in an attention position. Usually, the salutation is given by the uniform-clad armed forces after the National Flag is hoisted.

The late Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru once called the Indian National Flag” a flag of freedom for ourselves and a symbol of freedom to all the people.” Thus, it helps develop a patriotic feeling and a sense of respect for the nation. It is hosted every year on Republic Day and Independence Day. The National Flag is a symbol of our glory that teaches us to live in peace and love while taking pride in the nation’s history.

Meaning & History Of India’s National Flag

In 1931, Venkayya first designed the National Flag for the Indian National Congress. It had a yarn spinning wheel in the middle with white, green, and red as their colours. Later, the Ashoka Chakra replaced the spinning wheel and the red colour with saffron. Pingali Venkayya made the final design of the Flag. On 22 July 1947, the Flag came into being in its present form at the meeting of the Constitutional Assembly.

The National Flag, known as Tiranga, means “three colours” or “tricoloured”. Its colours represent distinct values of the country like faith, chivalry, truth, sacrifice, and courage.

Display Of The Indian National Flag

When the National Flag is raised, the saffron colour band must be on the top of the Flag, or the emblem can be placed either above the National Flag or on its right. All other flags will be set to the left of the National Flag when hung in a row. Generally, the National Flag is visible flying over notable government buildings. However, it’s taken down at sunset. On occasions of national mourning, the National Flag flies at half-mast.

Importance Of The National Flag

The vibrant colours of the National Flag represent our country’s sovereignty and integrity, which are to be respected.

An essay on National Flag teaches kids about the remarkable sacrifices made by several freedom fighters and armed forces to keep the tricolour flying in full glory.

When Was The Indian National Flag Adopted?

The Indian National flag as we see it today was adopted by the Constituent Assembly on 22 July 1947.

2. Who Designed Our National Flag?

Pingali Venkayya from Andhra Pradesh made the final design of the National Flag in 1947.

3. How Should One Show Respect To Our National Flag?

We must stand in an attention position while hoisting or lowering the National Flag.

4. What Does The Ashok Chakra Represent In Our National Flag?

The wheel at the centre of the white band is known as the Ashok Chakra, which indicates the Dharma Chakra or Wheel of Law.

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The Historical Legacy of the Divine Nine

Members of the National Pan-Hellenic Council of historically African-American Greek lettered sororities and fraternities at Morgan State University, Baltimore, Maryland, 1980

Black Greek-letter organizations (BGLOs) emerged during a period that is characterized as a low point in American race relations. These associations were established on the principles of personal excellence, racial uplift, community service, civic action and kinship. Their emergence coincided with significant national developments, including the rise of Jim Crow laws, the popularity of scientific racism, and widespread racial violence and prejudice.

Black students, whether studying at historically Black colleges and universities (HBCUs) or predominantly white institutions, came together to create these organizations, forging familial ties to one another and outreach within the larger Black community. Those kinships and ties endure to this day. BGLOs formed at a time when Greek life at predominantly white institutions excluded Black students.

Today, the nine BGLOs that comprise the National Pan-Hellenic Council, known as the Divine Nine, have an impact on community service and civic engagement, through outreach programs that include literacy, professional development and voter registration.

Alpha Phi Alpha

Alpha Phi Alpha stands as the sole Black Greek-letter organization founded at an Ivy League institution—Cornell University. Amidst a campus marked by segregation and social isolation for Black students, a troublingly low retention rate prompted the remaining individuals to form a support and study group.

On December 4, 1906, seven young Black men, aspiring to foster a brotherhood, laid the foundation for the fraternity. Their founding principles encompassed personal excellence, kinship, racial uplift via community service, civic engagement and philanthropy. Operating without precedent for Black students on campus, they forged an organization using secret societies as a support framework.

An index card of dues paid by Thurgood Marshall's to Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity.

Referred to as the "Seven Jewels of Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity,” this group of founders included the influential intellectual and activist W.E.B. Du Bois. The fraternity expanded, establishing a second chapter at Howard University. Its official journal, The Sphinx, served as a means to connect chapters, share information on business and social activities, and publish essays on contemporary issues. The fraternity also organized annual conventions to bridge communication gaps.

During an era when most Black teenagers did not graduate high school or pursue college education, Alpha Phi Alpha intervened. It devised programs offering tutoring, financial aid, and heightened educational opportunities for Black youth. Notably, it initiated a national community service agenda, featuring initiatives such as the Go-To-High School, Go-To-College program and the Voting Rights Program, which engaged in voter registration drives.

Program for the 33rd Alpha Phi Alpha Conference

Alpha Phi Alpha 33rd Convention Program. The program contains photos, an agenda, and advertisements all related to the 33rd Alpha Phi Alpha Conference held in Tulsa, OK.

Alpha Phi Alpha’s dedication to community service became reflective of numerous other Black Greek-letter organizations emerging throughout the twentieth century’s early and latter halves.

Alpha Kappa Alpha

Established on January 15, 1908, at Howard University, Alpha Kappa Alpha emerged as the first Greek-letter organization founded by Black college women. Ethel Hedgeman Lyle, a Howard student, aspired to create a supportive network for women sharing similar goals—to uplift one another and leverage their talents for the greater good. Collaborating with several other women, Lyle initiated the drafting of a constitution and finalized the official name, motto and colors. Unlike prior challenges with campus administrators, the group’s acceptance as a recognized campus organization encountered no delays, leading to the group's official formation in 1908.

Flag for Alpha Kappa Alpha

The subsequent year marked the beginning of a tradition within the organization—the planting of Ivy, symbolizing the sorority's aims and ideals. This practice unfolded across various locations on campus, eventually culminating in the Ivy Leaf becoming a significant symbol. New chapters continued to sprout from 1913 onwards, a trend that persisted well into the present day.

Member badge for Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority

On the activism front, the founders assumed leadership roles within the YWCA and engaged in activities within the campus chapter of the NAACP. Additionally, the group aided Southern migrants in adapting to Northern life during the Great Migration. It advocated for women's suffrage, and the sorority also dedicated efforts to dressing dolls for underprivileged children at the Freedman’s Hospital. Notably, it established funds catering to students in need and those aspiring to pursue studies abroad.

AKA jacket worn during the Women's March on Washington

Alpha Kappa Alpha jacket worn during the Women's March on Washington

Kappa Alpha Psi

This black and white photograph depicts members of the Kappa Alpha Psi fraternity in front of the Alpha Chapter house during the North Central Province regional meeting.

Most Black Greek-letter fraternities trace their origins to Howard University. However, Kappa Alpha Psi is one of a few BGLOs that emerged among Black students at predominantly white universities. Elder Watson Diggs and Byron Kenneth Armstrong, who had forged a friendship at Howard, found themselves at Indiana University, where they confronted the stark realities of Black life. Discrimination, inadequate social services and meager representation left Black students socially isolated within a campus environment. They were denied access to recreational and entertainment facilities.

Diggs rallied nine fellow Black men and established Alpha Omega as an interim fraternity, a precursor to a permanent organization. On January 5, 1911, this group birthed a new fraternity on campus, called Kappa Alpha Nu, which attained national recognition on May 15, 1911.

A wooden, Kappa Alpha Psi fraternity cane wrapped in red plastic tape and decorated with white stripe and white and red stripe decals wrapped along the body of the cane, forming red, diamond shapes.

Similar to other fraternities, this collective crafted a constitution, rituals, an initiation ceremony and a coat of arms. Their activities extended to hosting social events and annual “house parties” that drew Black students from across the state. By 1914, they officially adopted the name Kappa Alpha Psi. It expanded to multiple campuses and inaugurated a monthly publication in 1921 called the Kappa Alpha Psi Journal. Its initiatives included programs aiding high school students, and some members, notably Ralph Abernathy and Tom Bradley, emerged as prominent figures in the civil rights movement.

Omega Psi Phi

With the formation of the first Black fraternity in 1906 at Cornell University, three students wanted to create something that Howard University could have of its own. At Howard, three students - Edgar Love, Frank Coleman, and Oscar Cooper - along with the assistance of biology Professor Ernest Just, established a new fraternity called Omega Psi Phi on November 17, 1911.

Miniature Omega Psi Phi Fraternity Paddle

Initially, Howard University administrators opposed the formation of this group, reflecting the attitudes of many colleges nationwide, which were concerned that secret societies could erode trust among students and lead to immoral behavior. Initially denied recognition by the university, Omega Psi Phi members initiated a public relations campaign by placing index cards around the campus on trees, fences, bulletin boards and other visible locations.

President Wilbur P. Thirkield publicly denied the existence of Omega Psi Phi on campus, prompting members to personally lobby the faculty. After negotiations with the faculty, Omega Psi Phi transitioned from a local fraternity to a nationally recognized organization and was officially incorporated in 1924. Its chapters expanded across the country after World War I. In 1918, there were three chapters, and by 1923, there were 47 active chapters.

Ring of the Grand Basileus of Omega Psi Phi fraternity with storage pouch

In 1926, Omega Psi Phi became a life member of the Association for the Study of Negro Life and History, a group founded by member Carter G. Woodson, a historian and founder of Negro history week which later became Black History Month.

During the Great Depression, the fraternity supported lawyer and civil rights activist John P. Davis, chairman of the Joint Committee on National Recovery, a coalition of 20 civil rights groups, in his efforts to secure fair employment for Black people. The fraternity also contributed to organizations such as the Southern Negro Congress, the National Urban League, the International Brotherhood of Red Caps and held a life membership with the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP).

Omega Psi Phi Charles E. Young Service medal and bracelet

Omega Psi Phi Colonel Charles E. Young Service medal and bracelet

Delta Sigma Theta

Delta Sigma Theta emerged from a division within Alpha Kappa Alpha (AKA) as members expressed dissatisfaction with the organization's limited focus on campus affairs. Some members wanted to pivot towards addressing broader issues like public service and women's advancement. This desire to reform extended to establishing a national organization and altering the society's activities, accompanied by a name change that reflected their purpose. They also aimed to modify symbols, colors and adopt a more politically-oriented stance.

Quilt with the Delta Sigma Theta logo

In 1912, at Howard University, these members voted to transition from AKA to Delta Sigma Theta. The move sparked discord between graduate members, who favored maintaining the status quo, and new Alpha chapter members advocating for change. When a deadline imposed by a graduate member to cease reorganization efforts was ignored, 22 women parted ways from AKA and established Delta Sigma Theta on January 13, 1913.

The turning point arrived in January 1930 when the organization’s Grand Chapter attained national incorporation. This action marked the Deltas as the first sorority predominantly composed of undergraduates to petition any university trustee to become an incorporated entity.

A gold-toned gavel used by the Delta Sigma Theta Sorority

The organization became active politically. In 1913, Delta members marched side by side with white women in the 1913 Women’s Suffragette March, which featured 10,000 participants. It lobbied the federal government on various matters, including standing against injustice, particularly in the Scottsboro Boys case, anti-lynching laws and U.S. involvement in in Haiti.

It also sponsored various social programs for Black people. It created the National Library Project in 1937, which sought to bring literacy to a population with limited resources. Furthermore, it created one of the nation’s first bookmobiles, where it filled busses with books and traveled to various areas in the American South. It served Black people in some of the most isolated parts of the country.

Presently, the group boasts a membership exceeding 300,000 initiates and boasts over 1,000 chartered chapters worldwide. Its sisterhood predominantly comprises of Black college-educated women. Some of its notable members include former congresswoman Shirley Chisholm, former Atlanta mayor Keisha Lance Bottoms and civil rights activist Dorothy Height.

Phi Beta Sigma

While Phi Beta Sigma originated at Howard University, its conception sprouted in Memphis, Tennessee. In the summer of 1910, A. Langston Taylor, a high school student, encountered a Howard alum who not only regaled him with tales of campus life, but also shared insights about Greek fraternities. This encounter seeded the idea of forming a new organization. Taylor, along with his former college roommate Leonard Morse and fellow Howard student Charles I. Brown, convened to establish the official organization in a Washington, D.C. YMCA, with Taylor assuming the inaugural role of national president. It took university deans three months to grant recognition to this nascent fraternity, which was founded on January 9, 1914.

During the 1920s, Phi Beta Sigma actively engaged in advocacy efforts, notably supporting anti-lynching legislation. Moreover, it launched the Bigger and Better Business national program, aiming to address the imperative for Black economic empowerment. On the global stage, the fraternity opposed U.S. military intervention in Haiti, marking its involvement in international affairs. During this period, Sigma grew to have 45 chapters in 25 different cities.

Phi Beta Sigma fraternity pin from the Epsilon Alpha Chapter at Dillard University, New Orleans

Notable Sigma brothers went on to make a significant impact in the Harlem Renaissance. Rhodes scholar and writer Alain Locke produced "The New Negro" in 1925, an anthology that featured fiction, poetry, and essays on Black art and literature. Another notable Sigma member during this period, musician James Weldon Johnson, authored "Lift Ev’ry Voice and Sing," also known as “The Negro National Anthem.”

The Great Depression represented a nadir in recruitment. Some members had to leave schools and some chapters became inactive. The Sigma treasury became low on funds. Yet, the economic downturn allowed the organization to assist other chapters. It provided scholarships for financially struggling members and chapters, even though it rarely was enough at times.

Today, Phi Beta Sigma is an international organization, with nearly 600 chapters and 225,000 members since its founding in 1914.

Phi Beta Sigma cardigan sweater from the Alpha Epsilon Chapter at Johnson C. Smith University

Zeta Phi Beta

Charles Taylor, a member of Phi Beta Sigma, approached Howard student Arizona Cleaver about her interest in forming a sister organization. Despite the presence of two sororities on Howard's campus, Cleaver believed there was room for another one. Following discussions, a meeting convened with 14 individuals, resulting in five members venturing to establish a new organization. Zeta Phi Beta swiftly obtained approval for Howard, marking the campus’ third Black sorority on January 16, 1920.

The founders promptly crafted a constitution mirroring Phi Beta Sigma’s structure, marking the birth of the first brother-sister organization. This constitution emphasized advancing education among college women, fostering uplifting projects, embodying the spirit of sisterly love, and promoting the ideals of finer womanhood.

Pennant for the Zeta Phi Beta sorority's 45th Boulé

Expanding beyond Howard, Zeta Phi Beta established chapters in New York City and Atlanta. It began a publication called Archon, initially titled X-Ray, and instituted the tradition of Finer Womanhood Week. The organization aligned itself with the NAACP and the National Negro Congress. Notably, Zeta embarked on the Zeta Housing Project of 1943, identifying housing vacancies and registering them with the National Housing Association. Many of these homes sheltered numerous war workers during World War II.

Zeta Phi Beta members photographed on the campus of Claflin University

Sigma Gamma Rho

Sigma Gamma Rho Sorority, Inc., was founded on November 12, 1922, at Butler University in Indianapolis, Indiana, by seven educators: Mary Lou Allison Gardner Little, Dorothy Hanley Whiteside, Vivian White Marbury, Nannie Mae Gahn Johnson, Hattie Mae Annette Dulin Redford, Bessie Mae Downey Rhoades Martin and Cubena McClure.

Sigma Gamma Rho's Sorority plot at Fisk University

In the 1920s, Indiana was a hostile climate for Black people, with the reemergence of the Ku Klux Klan fueled by the 1915 film "The Birth of a Nation." Indiana was a hub of Klan activity, with over 250,000 Klansmen in the state, including individuals in powerful political positions. In fact, the Grand Dragon of the Klan lived half a block away from the Butler University campus.

The university originally accepted Black students in its inaugural year of 1855, but in 1927, it established a quota system by admitting only 10 Black students annually. Sigma Gamma Rho still managed to thrive in this environment. The organization held its first national convention in 1925 and was nationally incorporated in 1929. It actively supported civil rights and worked to empower families in areas such as education and health.

Customized Sigma Gamma Rho Converse sneakers for member MC Lyte

During the Great Depression, the sorority organized literary contests to provide books to young Black students and established the National Vocational Guidance program to help them launch their careers. They also created the Sigma Gamma Rho Employment Aid Bureau to assist members in finding employment. In the war years, they established Sigma Teen Town to address juvenile delinquency, as societal concerns about absent fathers, stirred by the war, and mothers working in local factories, loomed large.

Members of the Sigma Gamma Rho sorority during a Founders Day celebration, Baltimore, Maryland, November 13, 1993

During the civil rights era, members of both organizations actively participated in public demonstrations and supported civil rights organizations. As of 2021, both groups continue to thrive, with Sigma Gamma Rho boasting over 500 chapters and Omega Psi Phi having over 700 chapters.

Iota Phi Theta

Iota Phi Theta was established on September 19, 1963, at Morgan State University in Baltimore, Maryland, marking the final addition to the National Pan-Hellenic Council. Founded amidst the civil rights movement by twelve men, most of whom were non-traditional students, the group dedicated itself to social service. These founding members had long friendships and associations, However, due to their advanced ages, recruiting undergraduates as members posed a challenge.

Letterman sweater for Iota Phi Theta Fraternity

Aligned with the civil rights ethos, its members actively supported the boycott of a segregated shopping mall in Baltimore and collaborated on community service projects with organizations such as the NAACP, United Negro College Funds and the Southern Christian Leadership Council.

In 1967, the group expanded its outreach through the Pied Pipers. Over time, membership surged, and by the early 1980s, it extended its presence to the West Coast, inaugurating a chapter at San Francisco State University in 1983. In 1993, it established the National Iota Foundation, which granted scholarships, funding and spearheaded the annual Iota Black College Tour.

Founders paddle for Iota Phi Theta fraternity at Morgan State College

Despite its later inception compared to other Black fraternities and sororities, Iota Phi Theta boasts notable members such as Bobby L. Rush, Dr. J. Keith Motley, Elvin Hayes, T.C. Carson and others.

Black Letter Greek Organizations Homepages

Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity, Inc.

Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority, Inc.

Delta Sigma Theta Sorority, Inc.

Kappa Alpha Psi Fraternity, Inc.

Omega Psi Phi Fraternity, Inc.

Phi Beta Sigma Fraternity, Inc.

Zeta Phi Beta Sorority, Inc.

Sigma Gamma Rho Sorority, Inc.

Iota Phi Theta Fraternity, Inc.

References:

“Iota Phi Theta,” 125th Anniversary of UMES, University of Maryland Easter Shore. https://wwwcp.umes.edu/125/iota-phi-theta/

Ross Jr., Lawrence C. The Divine Nine: The History of African American Fraternities and Sororities. New York: Kensington Publishing Corp., 2000.

Parks, Gregory S. and Stefan M. Bradley, Alpha Phi Alpha: A Legacy of Greatness, the Demands of Transcendence. Lexington: University Press of Kentucky, 2012.

Resurgence of the KKK in Indiana,” Digital Civil Rights Museum, accessed October 16, 2023, https://www.digitalresearch.bsu.edu/digitalcivilrightsmuseum/items/show/112

“Sigma Gamma Rho,” 125th Anniversary of UMES, University of Maryland Eastern Shore.

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Composition on Our National Flag

Introduction: The national flag is the symbol of independence to a nation. Every independent country in the world has its separate national flag. We are also an independent nation. The name of our country is Bangladesh and we are Bangladeshi by the nation. So we have a national flag of our own. Our national flag is the simplicity of our nation.

Its size, length, and breadth: our national flag is very beautiful to look at. It is rectangular in size, the length and breadth are 5:3 in proportion. There is a round red portion in the middle. The remaining portion is deep green in color. When the flag is hoisted it looks very nice and inspiring. It appears that a red sun is shining on a land full of green corns. The meaning conveyed by the flag: our national flag conveys a deep meaning. The green portion denotes freshness and liveliness. The rising sun indicates our promising life and prosperity in future. Ours is a new state, we are proud to think that our nation and country are equal to any nation a country in the world. The bottle green color stands for the everlasting freshness, youth, vigor, and vitality of our nation. It is also the symbol of our national brilliance and past glory.

Dignity and significance: we should honor our national flag. The dignity and significance of our national flag must be preserved at the cost of our lives. When we look at our national flag, our eyes are filled with immense and contentment.

Conclusion: To every independent nation, its flag is dearer and more valuable than all other earthly possessions. We should remain every day to die for its defiance if necessary. Our national flag is as it were the spirit itself. We look upon our national flag with great respect.

How Election Deniers Claimed the Upside-Down Flag

The practice started with sailors signaling distress but evolved into a form of protest, most recently among Trump supporters who believe the falsehood that the 2020 election was stolen.

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A man holds a flagpole with an upside-down American flag with the U.S. Capitol visible in the distance.

By Michael Levenson

It has been a widely recognized symbol of distress since the nation’s founding, when sailors turned the American flag upside down to signal that their ships were sinking, on fire or trapped in ice.

But over time, the upside-down American flag became a symbol brandished more often by protesters across the political spectrum to signal that they believed the nation itself was in grave peril.

After President Biden won the 2020 election, supporters of former President Donald. J. Trump rallied around the inverted flag, displaying it at their homes, on their cars and on social media to show that they believed Mr. Trump’s lie that the election was stolen. Some began doing so before the votes were even counted.

Now, the practice has burst into the national conversation after The New York Times reported on Thursday that it had recently obtained images of an upside-down flag flying outside the home in Alexandria, Va., of Justice Samuel A. Alito Jr. in January 2021. At the time, the Supreme Court was still contending with whether to hear a 2020 election case.

Justice Alito said in an email to The Times that he had “no involvement whatsoever in the flying of the flag.”

“It was briefly placed by Mrs. Alito in response to a neighbor’s use of objectionable and personally insulting language on yard signs,” he wrote, referring to his wife, Martha-Ann Alito.

Flying an inverted flag was once a call for help at sea.

Before it became an emblem of political protest, flying a nation’s flag upside-down was one of the only ways for sailors to call for help.

The practice seems to have originated in the British Isles in the 17th century, likely during the Anglo-Dutch wars, according to the North American Vexillological Association, a group dedicated to the study of flags.

Ted Kaye, the association’s secretary, said he had seen 18th-century engravings of the American flag flying upside down on lifeboats and on New England whaling vessels locked in ice. “It was the easiest way to signal distress without having any special flag,” Mr. Kaye said, “and distress is the most urgent signal that one might want to send from a ship.”

That meaning was reflected in the U.S. flag code, an official set of guidelines for the flag, which was first published in the 1920s. It reads: “The flag should never be displayed with the union down, except as a signal of dire distress in instances of extreme danger to life or property.”

The convention endured for decades. In 1974, a 67‐year‐old clam digger named Julius Novickis flew the inverted flag after he suffered a stroke on a barren island off Nassau County, on Long Island, and successfully summoned a police helicopter.

It has been used to protest slavery and the Vietnam War.

The upside-down flag also has a long history as a political emblem.

In 1854, Henry David Thoreau delivered a scathing antislavery speech while standing under an upside-down American flag on a stage with Sojourner Truth and William Lloyd Garrison, who held up a copy of the Constitution and set it on fire to jeers and groans from the audience, according to “ Henry David Thoreau: A Life ,” by Laura Dassow Walls.

In the 1960s and ’70s, protesters carried the flag upside-down as a symbol of opposition to the Vietnam War, said Marc Leepson, the author of “Flag: An American Biography.” Some put flag stamps upside down on their letters, sending a subtler antiwar message, he said.

A backlash sometimes ensued.

In his first campaign for Congress in 1972, John F. Kerry, the Vietnam veteran turned antiwar activist who went on to become a Democratic senator from Massachusetts, presidential nominee and secretary of state, was bitterly attacked for having published a book, “The New Soldier,” with a cover that showed a group of bearded veterans holding the American flag upside down.

The Kerry congressional campaign tried to explain the flag’s position as the international signal of distress. He lost that election.

Robert Justin Goldstein, a professor emeritus of political science at Oakland University in Rochester, Mich., said that before Supreme Court ruled in 1989 that burning the American flag was protected under the First Amendment, some Americans were prosecuted for turning the flag upside down.

It was considered desecration of the flag, he said.

In more recent years, the inverted flag has been displayed by Tea Party activists who opposed the re-election of President Barack Obama and by protesters demonstrating after Michael Brown, a teenager, was shot and killed by a police officer in Ferguson, Mo., in 2014. In 2020, an Associated Press photo of a protester carrying a U.S. flag upside down next to a burning building in Minneapolis circulated widely, capturing the fire and fury in that city after the murder of George Floyd at the hands of police officers.

It is now associated with the ‘Stop the Steal’ movement, which denies Donald Trump’s 2020 defeat.

In 2020, the upside-down flag became more firmly established as an emblem of Trump supporters who denied the legitimacy of Mr. Biden’s victory, said Alex Newhouse, a researcher at the University of Colorado, Boulder.

“It’s very, very common in MAGA communities and QAnon communities,” he said. “It caught on among hard-core MAGA people in the ‘Stop the Steal’ ecosystem in 2020.”

Matthew Guterl, a professor of Africana Studies and American Studies at Brown University, said that flying the flag upside-down “seems to have become a part of our hyperpartisan symbolic surround, especially on the right, where it symbolizes the impending death of the nation and a call to arms.”

Other symbols include thin-blue-line flags, a pro-police symbol, and a Punisher skull, based on the comic-book vigilante, he said.

“I’m sure if a Navy skiff hung its flag upside-down, anyone who saw it would assume calamity and come running to help,” he said in an email. “But the meaning of things is also sticky. Once the flag is associated with the right’s call to arms, it is likely to adhere for a long time.”

Jodi Kantor contributed reporting and Alain Delaquérière contributed research.

Michael Levenson joined The Times in December 2019. He was previously a reporter at The Boston Globe, where he covered local, state and national politics and news. More about Michael Levenson

Our Coverage of the 2024 Election

Presidential Race

President Biden and Donald Trump have agreed to two debates on June 27 on CNN and Sept. 10 on ABC News, raising the likelihood of the earliest general-election debate in modern history. Here’s how each of them might try to win the debates .

Trump’s search for a running mate is still in its early stages, but he is said to be leaning toward more experienced options who can help the ticket without seizing his precious spotlight.

Biden commemorated the 70th anniversary of Brown v. Board of Education, meeting with plaintiffs and their families at the White House as he tries to shore up support among Black Americans , who helped deliver him the White House in 2020.

As Trump’s criminal trial winds down, a center-left group is trying to goad him into testifying through an ad . Trump instead is visiting Minnesota, where his campaign says it can broaden the electoral battlefield with a play for the state that always disappoints Republicans.

A Remarkable Pivot: Larry Hogan, the former two-term Republican governor of Maryland who won his party’s nomination for the state’s open Senate seat, said that he supports legislation to codify abortion rights in federal law.

Gavin Newsom Accuses Trump: The California governor, speaking at the Vatican, used sharp language to describe the former president’s appeal to fossil fuel executives for campaign donations, calling it “open corruption.”

How Rich Candidates Burned Cash: It is a time-honored tradition in U.S. politics: wealthy people burning through their fortunes to ultimately lose an election.

Montana’s Senate Race: Republicans are trying to paint Senator Jon Tester as a Washington sellout, while their own candidate, Tim Sheehy, faces scrutiny over his credibility and how he sustained a gunshot wound. It all comes down to the question of trust.

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Book Review: Memoirist Lilly Dancyger’s penetrating essays explore the power of female friendships

This cover image released by Dial Press shows “First Love” by Lilly Dancyger. (Dial Press via AP)

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Who means more to you — your friends or your lovers? In a vivid, thoughtful and nuanced collection of essays, Lilly Dancyger explores the powerful role that female friendships played in her chaotic upbringing marked by her parents’ heroin use and her father’s untimely death when she was only 12.

“First Love: Essays on Friendship” begins with a beautiful paean to her cousin Sabina, who was raped and murdered at age 20 on her way home from a club. As little kids, their older relatives used to call them Snow White and Rose Red after the Grimm’s fairy tale, “two sisters who are not rivals or foils, but simply love each other.”

That simple, uncomplicated love would become the template for a series of subsequent relationships with girls and women that helped her survive her self-destructive adolescence and provided unconditional support as she scrambled to create a new identity as a “hypercompetent” writer, teacher and editor. “It’s true that I’ve never been satisfied with friendships that stay on the surface. That my friends are my family, my truest beloveds, each relationship a world of its own,” she writes in the title essay “First Love.”

The collection stands out not just for its elegant, unadorned writing but also for the way she effortlessly pivots between personal history and spot-on cultural criticism that both comments on and critiques the way that girls and women have been portrayed — and have portrayed themselves — in the media, including on online platforms like Tumblr and Instagram.

This cover image released by Norton shows "This Strange Eventful History" by Claire Messud. (Norton via AP)

For instance, she examines the 1994 Peter Jackson film, “Heavenly Creatures,” based on the true story of two teenage girls who bludgeoned to death one of their mothers. And in the essay “Sad Girls,” about the suicide of a close friend, she analyzes the allure of self-destructive figures like Sylvia Plath and Janis Joplin to a certain type of teen, including herself, who wallows in sadness and wants to make sure “the world knew we were in pain.”

In the last essay, “On Murder Memoirs,” Dancyger considers the runaway popularity of true crime stories as she tries to explain her decision not to attend the trial of the man charged with killing her cousin — even though she was trained as a journalist and wrote a well-regarded book about her late father that relied on investigative reporting. “When I finally sat down to write about Sabina, the story that came out was not about murder at all,” she says. “It was a love story.”

Readers can be thankful that it did.

AP book reviews: https://apnews.com/hub/book-reviews

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War and Trauma Literature

We seek papers/article-length write-ups/essays/commentaries/causeries on war and representations in literature and allied subjects, exploring the trauma of psychological, physiological, socio-emotional, somatic, eco-environmental, financial, fiscal consequences on the subjects, economies. Papers across disciplines, dealing with the trauma/post-trauma in war literature will be undertaken for consideration. The twentieth-century war climate will particularly be the case in point. Articles/papers on novel ideations, unheard dimensions of wars of the past, in the nineteenth century or the troubled or strained nationalities/borders of the current world order, will also be considered. Battle-field horrors, fear-mongering, policy negotiations, imaginary lands, utopias/dystopias, failed social architecture, distorted political visions, destructive civil or military actions, revolutions, falling stocks, crippling economies, troubled poetic psyche, expansive prose critique etc are some of the thematic ambits for deliberation and review. For the summer issue 1.1, we encourage praxis-based, pragmatic, conceptual manuscripts from scholars and practitioners across social sciences and humanities. Prospective submitting authors should consult the manuscript guidelines below and submit a proposal that includes:

· An abstract of 250 words with 1-2 sentences on each of the following:

Essential points of literature review (which underline the introduction to the study)
Problem or research questions and research objectives clearly stated
Brief description of (research) methods/Methodology
Praxis, Concept, or Results/findings
Implications/Relevance in Future

Manuscript Guidelines:

00001. Manuscripts must be in both Microsoft Word.Doc. Do not send your files as pdf.

00002. Manuscripts should not exceed 3500-5000 words, including abstracts and work cited

00003. Manuscripts should be written in English, should be single- spaced, including quotations and references and in 12-point Times New Roman font. Follow MLA ninth style formatting. More can be read from- https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/research_and_citation/mla_style/mla_formattin...

00004. Titles must be in bold, 14-point Times New Roman font while sub-titles remain 12-point, bold, and initial letter cap. All abbreviations and acronyms should be written in full at first appearance in the manuscript text.

00005. All manuscripts must include a brief but captivating abstract which should not exceed 200 words and should describe the scope of the work, methodology, theoretical framework, and the findings. The abstract should also include a set of 5 keywords (preferably in pairs) listed in order of importance to assist in indexing the article.

00006. Manuscripts must not have been published or submitted for publication elsewhere.

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Ohio University Press Book selected for National Book Festival

Settling Ohio: First Peoples and Beyond - Ohio University Press

“Settling Ohio: First Peoples and Beyond,” an anthology published by Ohio University Press, has been selected by the Ohio Center for the Book to represent the state in the Great Reads from Great Places program at the Library of Congress’s National Book Festival.

“Settling Ohio” features essays exploring the state’s rich history, from indigenous peoples to non-native settlers. The anthology emerged from a 2020 conference held at Ohio University in part as a response to David McCullough’s 2019 controversial best seller, “The Pioneers: The Heroic Story of the Settlers Who Brought the American Ideal West.”

“‘Settling Ohio’ is essentially a Bobcat production,” says Press Director Beth Pratt. “Edited and with contributions by two OHIO College of Arts and Sciences professors, Timothy G. Anderson and Brian Schoen , it also includes contributions from former president M. Duane Nellis, Professor Joseph Gingerich, and former graduate students William Hunter and Joseph Ross. This recognition highlights the important scholarly work being done at Ohio University.”

The essays in “Settling Ohio” delve into numerous aspects of the state’s history, from the significance of the Hopewell Ceremonial Earthworks, which achieved UNESCO World Heritage status in 2023, to the enduring legacy of Johnny Appleseed. The Afterword, penned by Chief Glenna J. Wallace of the Eastern Shawnee Tribe of Oklahoma, offers an essential indigenous perspective.

The National Book Festival , scheduled for Aug. 24, 2024, in Washington, D.C., will feature “Settling Ohio” alongside other noteworthy selections from across the country. The annual festival is a major literary event celebrating books, reading, and literacy. Bringing together authors, publishers, and book lovers, the festival typically draws tens of thousands of visitors.

This marks the second consecutive year that an Ohio University Press publication has been selected for the Great Reads from Great Places program. “When Grandma Gatewood Took a Hike,” was recognized as the Ohio Center for the Book’s 2023 youth selection.

For more information about “Settling Ohio: First Peoples and Beyond” and other publications from Ohio University Press, please visit ohioswallow.com.

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In a vivid, thoughtful and nuanced collection of essays, Lilly Dancyger explores the powerful role that female friendships played in her chaotic upbringing marked by her parents' heroin use and her father's untimely death when she was only 12. "First Love: Essays on Friendship" begins with a beautiful paean to her cousin Sabina, who was ...
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Ohio University Press Book selected for National Book Festival
"Settling Ohio: First Peoples and Beyond," an anthology published by Ohio University Press, has been selected by the Ohio Center for the Book to represent the state in the Great Reads from Great Places program at the Library of Congress's National Book Festival. "Settling Ohio" features essays exploring the state's rich history, from indigenous peoples to non-native settlers.

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