study habits and time management research

College Students’ Time Management: a Self-Regulated Learning Perspective

• Review Article
• Published: 27 October 2020
• Volume 33 , pages 1319–1351, ( 2021 )

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• Christopher A. Wolters   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0002-8406-038X 1 &
• Anna C. Brady 1  

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Despite its recognized importance for academic success, much of the research investigating time management has proceeded without regard to a comprehensive theoretical model for understanding its connections to students’ engagement, learning, or achievement. Our central argument is that self-regulated learning provides the rich conceptual framework necessary for understanding college students’ time management and for guiding research examining its relationship to their academic success. We advance this larger purpose through four major sections. We begin by describing work supporting the significance of time management within post-secondary contexts. Next, we review the limited empirical findings linking time management and the motivational and strategic processes viewed as central to self-regulated learning. We then evaluate conceptual ties between time management and processes critical to the forethought, performance, and post-performance phases of self-regulated learning. Finally, we discuss commonalities in the antecedents and contextual determinants of self-regulated learning and time management. Throughout these sections, we identify avenues of research that would contribute to a greater understanding of time management and its fit within the framework of self-regulated learning. Together, these efforts demonstrate that time management is a significant self-regulatory process through which students actively manage when and for how long they engage in the activities deemed necessary for reaching their academic goals.

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Wolters, C.A., Brady, A.C. College Students’ Time Management: a Self-Regulated Learning Perspective. Educ Psychol Rev 33 , 1319–1351 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10648-020-09519-z

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The Impact of Time Management on Students' Academic Achievement

S N A M Razali 1 , M S Rusiman 1 , W S Gan 1 and N Arbin 2

Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd Journal of Physics: Conference Series , Volume 995 , International Seminar on Mathematics and Physics in Sciences and Technology 2017 (ISMAP 2017) 28–29 October 2017, Hotel Katerina, Malaysia Citation S N A M Razali et al 2018 J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. 995 012042 DOI 10.1088/1742-6596/995/1/012042

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1 Department of Mathematics and Statistic, Faculty of Applied Science and Technology University Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Batu Pahat, Johor, Malaysia.

2 Department of Mathematic, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris, 35900 Perak, Malaysia.

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Time management is very important and it may actually affect individual's overall performance and achievements. Students nowadays always commented that they do not have enough time to complete all the tasks assigned to them. In addition, a university environment's flexibility and freedom can derail students who have not mastered time management skills. Therefore, the aim of this study is to determine the relationship between the time management and academic achievement of the students. The factor analysis result showed three main factors associated with time management which can be classified as time planning, time attitudes and time wasting. The result also indicated that gender and races of students show no significant differences in time management behaviours. While year of study and faculty of students reveal the significant differences in the time management behaviours. Meanwhile, all the time management behaviours are significantly positively related to academic achievement of students although the relationship is weak. Time planning is the most significant correlated predictor.

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Daylight savings time is bad for your healthy habits

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Making the change to daylight saving time isn’t good for our healthy habits, a new study shows.

Researchers found that the onset of daylight saving time—when most jurisdictions in the United States “spring forward” and set their clocks ahead by one hour—is associated with increased consumption of processed snack foods and fewer trips to the gym.

“There’s quite a bit of research in health fields related to how well-being is affected by daylight saving time,” says Ram Janakiraman, professor of marketing analytics at North Carolina State University’s Poole College of Management and corresponding author of the new study in the Journal of Marketing .

“We wanted to explore similar issues through the lens of consumer behavior, giving us new insights into how daylight saving influences the decisions we make.”

“Anecdotally, we often hear stories from friends and acquaintances about how daylight saving time affects them,” says coauthor Rishika Rishika, an associate professor of marketing. “We wanted to see if there was data supporting the idea that moving the clock ahead one hour actually affects our behaviors.”

In the first of two studies, researchers analyzed data collected by a packaged food company headquartered in the US. The company collected data from a nationally representative cohort of study participants between 2004 and 2010. All study participants used a mobile device to record detailed data on their snack consumption for two weeks, including not only what they ate, but when they ate it, and how much of each snack they consumed.

“This data set is remarkable because it spans multiple years, and tracks specifically what people are eating,” Janakiraman says. “Many other data sets look at what people buy, or rely on people remembering what they’d eaten. This data was collected using a methodology that had study participants enter their consumption in the moment.”

The snack data set included consumption data from the days leading up to the onset of daylight saving time, and the days following the onset. In addition, the data set included information from consumers in parts of the US that do not observe daylight saving time—allowing those consumers to serve as a control group.

In the second study, researchers analyzed data from a company that operates hundreds of fitness centers across the United States. The company provided data on the number of customers who visited the gym in the week leading up to the onset of daylight saving time, and in the week following the onset. Again, the researchers were able to use data from fitness centers in regions that don’t observe daylight saving time as a control group. This dataset was from a single year.

The results of the two studies were significant—and not good news for health buffs.

The first study found that people ate more processed snack foods in the days after daylight saving time began—particularly later in the day and on days when it was overcast.

The second study found that visits to the gym declined after the onset of daylight saving time.

“This effect was stronger in people who are irregular gym users,” Rishika says. “People who have a regular gym schedule were less affected by the time change. This negative effect of daylight saving time was also more pronounced the further people live from the gym.

“One big takeaway for consumers is that we need to be mindful about trying to maintain healthy habits after daylight saving time,” says Rishika.

“The study also tells us that daylight saving time is an opportunity for companies to engage in outreach efforts that help consumers adjust to the time change,” says Janakiraman. “The findings also suggest there is a need for public policies that support people when we’re setting the clock forward.”

Additional coauthors are from the University of Manitoba, Bern University of Applied Sciences, the University of South Carolina, and California Baptist University.

Source: NC State

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ORIGINAL RESEARCH article

This article is part of the research topic.

Balancing Macronutrients in Athletes

Carbohydrate beliefs and practices of ultra-endurance runners in Ireland for gastrointestinal symptom management Provisionally Accepted

• 1 School of Science and Computing, Atlantic Technological University, Ireland

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the carbohydrate beliefs and practices of ultra-endurance runners in Ireland to gain an understanding of their gastrointestinal symptom (GIS) management strategies. Methodology: An adapted version of a previously developed and validated questionnaire was distributed online to ultra-endurance runners, recognised as those who completed a single bout of exercise lasting four or more hours. Questions related to carbohydrate awareness and sourcing, and dietary practices, particularly in relation to gastrointestinal symptom management. Results: A total of n=68 individuals completed the adapted questionnaire. Of these, n=1 was excluded due to their reporting of an ulcerative colitis diagnosis. The remaining participants included n=46 males and n=21 females. Personal previous experience was the main source directing participants’ nutrition practices (n=30) while only n=3 quoted sourcing information from qualified professionals. n=42 participants experienced GIS, usually equally around training and competition times. Many participants had not previously implemented any specific dietary or non-dietary strategies to alleviate exercise-induced GIS. Supplementing with nitrates (n=9) and probiotics (n=4) were the most common dietary practices to alleviate GIS, while other (n=14) and portion control (n=13) were the most reported non-dietary practice. Discussion: Akin to previous similar literature, these findings suggests that GIS are prevalent in the ultra-endurance running community, regardless of whether during training or an event. Similarly, this research highlights the vast range of GIS experienced by this population. However, the absence in both dietary and non-dietary related practices employed for GIS management alludes to a current deficit in the availability of nutrition information specific to this problem. Further research is required to understand the mechanisms behind ultra-endurance associated GIS and its various management strategies as well as best practices for communicating these to the target audience to reduce individuals risks of developing long-term, chronic health complications

Keywords: nutrition, Ultra-Endurance, gastrointestinal, dietary habits, Running

Received: 27 Mar 2024; Accepted: 13 May 2024.

Copyright: © 2024 Ryan, Daly and Ryan. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY) . The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

* Correspondence: Dr. Lisa Ryan, School of Science and Computing, Atlantic Technological University, Galway, County Dublin, Ireland

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