is a phd in computer science worth it

Is Studying a PhD in Computer Science a Crazy Idea? Pros and Cons

Are you considering a PhD (Doctor of Philosophy) in Computer Science but feel pretty unsure whether it's the right thing to do?

Gather round cos I've recently been weighing up this decision myself!

I don't mind getting stuck into books and studying, I also love the University experience.

So, it's got to be a rewarding experience! And should help further my career.

The answer turned out a bit more nuanced than that!

I know that as I've spent hours trawling the web for opinions, experiences and advice on sites like Quora and Reddit. This article is a summary of that work, listing every pro and con I could find.

1. What are the Pros of studying a PhD?

There are a few career paths facilitated by studying a PhD

• Academic research
• Commercial research (think having a role Google's DeepMind)
• Teaching at the college/university level. [3]

I haven't listed software development as a PhD is definitely not required to become a coder.

A bachelor's degree in Computer Science or Software Engineering is the requirement for most companies. Either of those degrees will give you the foundation necessary to understand programming at a deeper level and prepare you for a career in industry.

A PhD is mainly about research and opens up a host of advance and research-oriented opportunities. [2] The primary requirement to earn a PhD is that you must create new knowledge about your subject. . [5] [4] Even as a Professor, research may still feature high in your tasks.

There are, however, an increasing number of PhD jobs required in computer science such as research scientist for many of the top tech companies, where you would cover many of the same duties as during your PhD but on their commercial behalf. [3]

Even if you pursue a role as a coder, having a research focused background as a developer can help set you apart and bring new strengths and perspectives to a development team.

A PhD encourages you to take a more holistic approach to project solving. [3]

I like this quote I found from a developer:

"_Having said that and having been working in (effectively) an industry developer job for the past five years, what I've found is that my training has prepared me very well to ask questions at a higher level of abstraction, to recognize and plug gaps in our knowledge, and to think a bit beyond the highly focused build this now mentality that often drives development. _" [3]

During a PhD, you master teaching yourself how to learn, how to write well, and how to methodically solve problems. [3]

Additionally, many come into a Computer Science PhD from different fields and actually learn to code on the course. Switching to Computer Science at PhD level, where you solve problems with practical skills and technology, may ultimately benefit your career as compared to staying on your current trajectory.

1.3 It's Interesting

You've got free access to the latest/classified research, top class library services and access to leading professors in their field.

1.4 Prestige

Pulling off some high level and published research may bring you notoriety, eventually allowing to become recognized as a famous Professors/Researcher such as Canadian computer scientist Yoshua Bengio. [6]

1.5 Networking

You will undoubtedly meet some inspirational and well-connected people from all over the world.

Often those pursuing a PhD are among the most intelligent and educated of society. The crème de la crème of their perspective countries. Networking with them, and building friendships, will open a host of new career and travel opportunities.

1.6 It's Fun

Universities are a highly concentrated spaces of dynamic and energetic people.

You've got societies to pursue your hobbies and interests, parties and the good old university bar. Not to mention, subsidized gyms, food and often, accomodation.

Some of us, myself included, thrive in such as environment.

1.7 Self-fulfilment

A PhD will help feed an intellectual curiosity.

Do you like to inquire, invent, create, explore, read, discuss, ponder, teach and discover the unknown?

Compared with the rigid tasks of a normal job, a PhD let's you pioneer research, sketch out solutions to the unknown and share all of that with the world through academic publishing.

If you're the type of person who doesn't want to merely make things but understand why things work, a PhD might be for you.

2. What are the Cons that come with studying a PhD?

2.1 narrows your focus.

During a PhD you study a subset of Computer Science and although you become an expert in that area, you may lose touch with the broader understanding of the field.

For example, being super knowledgeable about, say, Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) while knowing little to nothing about Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) or even more basic ML models (e.g. Logistic Regression) will reduce your overall employability to a very specific number of jobs. [1]

Unless you attain a scholarship, there is a hidden cost to PhDs that's notwithstanding the fees.

Those with a bachelor's or master's degree pursuing an industry role will be able to earn well, save and invest for the future.

PhDs are, therefore, incredibly expensive because your stipend is low compared to industry salaries and you are losing out of several years of salary reasonably early in your working life.

If you take into account compound interest, these few years will be worth the most when you retire. If you get average 8% return on investment, every $100k now earnt is $1M when you are 60. [7]

You can probably get a higher salary after getting a PhD, but chances are, if you continued working for 4-5 years, you would be getting similar salary as well.

You need to consider whether the non-monetary rewards of a PhD are worth that hidden cost.

The 5 or more years of your life exchanged for a PhD are, for most people, among your most productive, fruitful, healthy, and responsibility-free years of life.

Some people prefer to use that time climbing the career ladder, renovating a home, spending time with relatives or starting a business.

Attaining a PhD is a grind where constant and long-term deadlines are a stress that hangs over you.

2.4 Supervisor

During your PhD, you will generally be monitored by a supervisor.

Something I've seen come up a lot is that many students experience a bad relationship with their supervisor or feel that they're being steered in a direction contrary to their interests.

Studying a PhD doesn't equate to free reign. Be prepared to compromise and answer to a someone else, much in the same way in the real world.

2.5 Isn't Needed For Majority of Industry Roles

As rightly discussed in the pros, certain research career opportunities arise when studying a PhD.

However, for the majority of software roles, everything you can do with a PhD you can also do with a BSc or MSc. You might even be considered over-qualified for some jobs.

PhD students are also more likely perform worse on technical interviews than non-PhDs as they're often out of practice with coding (being so focused on research). Or, if they do code, it's in a more obscure language. [7]

With or without a PhD, you have to answer the same questions when interviewing in the industry: what can you do, what have you done, what skills and qualities make you the best candidate and the best fit?

Top tech companies judge you based on your interview performance, not your resume.

You may aspire to a faculty role, working as a professor, however, industry roles are often more numerous, more generously compensated, and provide a better work-life balance.

Research roles may also require you to move yourself and your family to wherever tenure beckons.

This point is contested but in some specialties of Computer Science, the research in industrial settings is arguably more relevant and more interesting, think of the research that Google and Facebook conduct in their own R&D departments.

2.6 A PhD is Antiquated

The concept of a PhD precedes the online education revolution of recent times, driven by technology and the limitless amount of information and tools available to us.

Nowadays, you can get PhD equivalent knowledge and skills in many fields just by learning on your own without costly time, energy, and career sacrifices using online courses (Code Academy, Coursera, edX, MIT OpenCourseWare , Udemy, etc.) [1]

Additionally, you are not limited in any way to keep up with trends, connect with leaders in the field, go to conferences, and immerse yourself in the field. Many industry practitioners indeed do.

2.7 It's hard

Doing a PhD will be completely different to your day job.

You probably find the technical side of your job pretty easy most of the time but your PhD should genuinely challenge you (if it doesn't, you've chosen too easy a project).

But there is also the psychological aspect of a 5+ year project that will sometimes feel like it's going nowhere. Although your supervisor will guide you, they won't give you the answers on a plate. It can be lonely. [1]

If you do not have the skills to learn on your own, nor motivation, curiosity, and discipline to manage your learning process, you're going to find it incredibly difficult and without a guarantee you'll actually graduate.

3. How to decide whether to pursue a PhD?

With all this taken into account, how do you come to a conclusion?

The most important question to start with is: "Can you do what you want to do without a PhD?"

Note, that you can't skip this question by saying, "Well, I don't know what I want to do." In that case, you need to figure it out before returning to the PhD question.

Also consider that for any given goal, getting a PhD will almost always be the "hardest way" to accomplish it. But for a select few number of goals, getting a PhD is also the only way to accomplish it, and therefore by definition also the easiest way.

For example, see yourself a 'professor and best-selling in a top academic institution' - then a PhD and the experience of one could be for you.

There are also two additional considerations _

Do you have a family to take care of, and can you do so just as well while working on a PhD? If you are currently raising a family, paying a mortgage on a home, and trying to send your kids to the best schools, then I would think long and hard before starting a PhD. A PhD is likely to substantially decrease both your time and money, two resources you need a lot of when you have a family.

If you don't currently have a family, mortgage, car, etc. doing a PhD may push certain life goals quite a bit further down the road.

Where are you planning to get your PhD from, and who will be your advisor? The institution you choose to do your PhD matters a lot more than where you did your undergrad. You really need to find a department that has the right reputation for your research interests.

My advice is, in order of priority:

• Do what you enjoy and will make you happy
• Do what will help you achieve your long-term goals
• Recognize that "success" means different things to different people
• Do not follow a path to satisfy someone else's aspirations
• Ensure it's the right time and that you can afford it

Basically, it's this - Pursue a PhD because you really, really want to explore and push the boundaries and you think it that will directly benefit your long term aims.

But, walk into it with the realization that it is very hard to get a job in academia (there are many more PhD grads than there are openings) and you may wind up back in the industry - the same place you would have been before, but years earlier.

Remember! You do not NEED a PhD. So it's OK to apply, see who admits you, and then decide if you really want to go or not. You should not decide to do a PhD, apply and then simply go to the best place that accepts you without proper consideration of all the points in this article. That's a recipe for misery! [1]

[1] https://quora.com/Am-I-crazy-to-leave-a-six-figure-salary-to-get-a-PhD-in-computer-science

[2] https://web.cs.dartmouth.edu/undergraduate/graduate-school-advice

[3] https://www.quora.com/Why-would-anyone-get-a-PhD-in-computer-science

[4] https://www.quora.com/Why-did-you-do-your-PhD-in-Computer-Science

[5] https://www.quora.com/Is-it-worth-it-to-get-a-PhD-in-computer-science-I-dont-want-to-become-a-teacher-at-a-university-I-want-to-get-a-job

About the Author

Hello there, my name is Joe aka "JD" aka "Scribbio", and you've landed on my side hobby! I enjoy writing articles that help individuals launch new careers in tech.

When I am not blogging, I work as a Software Engineering Bootcamp Educator and consultant specialising in the .NET framework and web technologies.

I coded CreativelyCode from scratch and am working hard to make it the best resource possible for our users. You can learn more about this site on the About page .

If you'd like to submit your own article or have any questions at all, please contact me on LinkedIn.

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• Career Development

Is a PhD in Computer Science Worth It? An In-Depth Look at the Pros and Cons

During my time as a PhD student at UCL I was often asked by students in their 4th year of MEng or by Master’s students who were doing an MSc, for advice on how to “get into a PhD programme”. I find this question weird and I want to explain why by telling my own story. Below I will address the points I believe are the most important. Of course, every story is different but hopefully it will give you some guidance on how to approach this topic, if it is relevant to you.

Are you considering pursuing a PhD in computer science but aren’t sure if it’s the right move for your career? Earning a doctoral degree is a huge commitment of time, energy and money, so it’s smart to carefully weigh the pros and cons before making the leap. In this comprehensive article, we’ll explore all the key factors to evaluate when deciding if getting a PhD in computer science is worth it for you.

The Potential Benefits of Earning a Computer Science PhD

First, let’s look at some of the major advantages that can come with having “Dr.” in front of your name:

Advanced Training in Computer Science Theory and Research

A PhD program will provide intensive schooling in advanced computer science topics that are unlikely to be covered in a bachelor’s or master’s program. You’ll take high-level courses, conduct extensive research, and make novel contributions to the field over 4-6 years of study. This deep specialized knowledge can help open up more job opportunities and set you apart from those with less education.

Increased Salary Potential

In general, PhD graduates tend to earn higher salaries than those with a bachelor’s or master’s degree. According to PayScale, the average salary for someone with a PhD in computer science is $126,002 vs. $102,839 with a master’s. Over the course of your career, that extra earning potential can really add up.

Ability to Become a Professor

If your goal is to teach computer science at the university level, a PhD is a necessity. Being a tenured professor comes with nice perks like flexibility, good pay and the joy of shaping future generations of computer scientists This path isn’t for everyone, but the right fit can find great fulfillment as an educator

Opportunity for Cutting-Edge Research

A PhD program allows you to deeply explore highly-specialized research topics at the forefront of the field. You may get to work with renowned experts and have access to significant funding and resources to pursue innovative projects you’re passionate about. This can lead to major contributions to computer science knowledge.

Increased Leadership Prospects

Obtaining a PhD demonstrates expert-level knowledge and research capabilities which can qualify you for senior roles like Lead Scientist or Director of Computer Science. Many top positions at technology companies, research labs and universities require an advanced degree. The title alone carries clout.

Personal and Intellectual Fulfillment

Some pursue a PhD simply for the personal challenge and enrichment of earning one of the highest academic degrees possible The process requires great intellect, focus and perseverance Mastering complex subject matter and achieving new breakthroughs in the field can provide immense satisfaction.

Potential Downsides to Consider

Now let’s examine some of the common drawbacks and issues students face when undertaking a PhD in computer science:

Significant Time Commitment

Be prepared to devote 4-6 years of full-time study (or 5-8 years part-time) to earning your doctoral degree. This represents a major investment on hold pursuing other life and career goals. The long program length and intense workload can lead to burnout for some students too.

High Financial Cost

Even with teaching assistantships or fellowships, you’ll likely have to pay for tuition, fees, living costs and more while not earning a full income. The average student loan debt for a computer science PhD is $63,000. Carefully consider if taking on debt is worth it for your situation.

Difficulty Getting Admitted

PhD programs, especially at top universities, are highly competitive with low acceptance rates. You’ll need outstanding grades, test scores, research experience and recommendations to get in. There’s no guarantee you’ll be admitted to your desired program.

Phase 1 Exams Can Be Grueling

Many programs require passing qualifying exams that test your mastery of core computer science topics from prior coursework. Studying for and passing these make-or-break tests is hugely stressful for students.

Isolation of Doctoral Research

Once you begin your specialized dissertation research, you may feel intellectually lonely or missing a cohort since you’ll be working independently instead of taking classes together. Self-motivation is vital.

No Guarantee of Professorship or Industry Jobs

Don’t assume a PhD guarantees you’ll become a professor or get hired by major tech firms. The number of doctoral grads far exceeds available faculty roles. Industry jobs often prioritize skills over degrees. Manage expectations.

Opportunity Costs and Delayed Earnings

If you already have a high paying job, leaving it to pursue a PhD means delaying earning that salary for 5+ years. Carefully weigh if the boost a PhD may provide your career prospects is worth these opportunity costs.

High Pressure and Rigorous Program

Earning a PhD is intellectually grueling with stringent requirements like maintaining a high GPA, passing exams, conducting research projects and defending your dissertation. The pace can be intense and stressful, causing some students to burn out or drop out prior to completion. Be realistic about your stamina.

Work/Life Balance Challenges

Between taking classes, teaching, researching, writing and publishing, expect little free time as a doctoral student. Attaining a healthy work-life balance and making time for loved ones can be extremely difficult during a PhD program and cause tension.

Key Factors to Consider When Deciding if a PhD is Worth it For You

As this overview demonstrates, pursuing a PhD in computer science requires carefully weighing a variety of pros and cons. Here are some key questions to ask yourself when determining if doctoral study is the best choice:

Career Goals: Is a PhD necessary or beneficial for the specific job role or field you want to work in? Will the advanced degree significantly boost your career options and salary potential?

Finances: Can you manage the tuition, fees and lost earnings over 4-6 years? Is taking on student debt wise for your situation? Are scholarships/fellowships available?

Life Situation: Do you have obligations like supporting a family or aging parents that would make pursuing a PhD very challenging? Do you need more work/life balance than a doctoral program allows?

Motivation: Are you internally driven enough to handle the rigor and extended timelines of PhD study? Are you truly passionate about your intended research specialty?

Mental Health: Do you have strategies to manage stress and avoid burnout? Can you cope with academic pressure, isolation and uncertainty?

Alternatives: Would a master’s degree meet your academic needs and career goals? Could work experience provide similar benefits more quickly?

Perform an honest self-assessment on these fronts. Since a PhD represents such a major life decision, getting input from mentors and current students can further guide your thinking. Overall, pursue doctoral study for the right reasons – a passion for the work itself and the advancement of computer science, not just the title.

Pros and Cons Summary Table

Here is a quick summary of the key pros and cons covered in this article to further help with your PhD decision:

Deciding whether to pursue a PhD in computer science is a major choice with compelling arguments on both sides of the debate. There are certainly many nice advantages that come with attaining such an advanced degree, but also substantial costs and drawbacks requiring careful thought. Take a holistic look at your career ambitions, financial situation, skills, life circumstances and motivations. Getting input from mentors and program advisors can further guide your decision. While not universally required for computer science jobs, a PhD remains the pinnacle of academic achievement in the field and may be a great fit for the small subset deeply drawn to research and computer science education. With thorough self-reflection, you can determine if the long journey to calling yourself “doctor” is the best choice for your goals and needs.

DOING A PHD FOR THE SAKE OF HAVING A PHD

When I asked students why they were considering applying for a PhD they told me that it was considered prestigious and that it would be good for their career. This is not true, unless you want to stay in academia. Only a tiny fraction of industry jobs require a PhD and usually these are research related. Often a PhD does not teach you the skills you need in an industry environment, on the contrary. During my PhD I worked alone on my project and hence was the only one who ever looked at my code.

I never had any code reviews, I was not following best practices and no one cared how my git history looked like. As long as the code got the job done and I could run experiments smoothly and describe them in papers, it was good enough. So joining a company without a PhD as a junior, and acquiring all the necessary skills over the course of four years until you reach senior level, is better than joining after your PhD as a senior but still having to brush up on those skills. And not to forget – the one who went straight into industry got paid for the past four years, which leads me to the next point.

FOUR YEARS IS A LONG TIME

A Master’s degree in a certain subject can definitely be prestigious and be good for your career, and given Master’s programmes in the UK are only one year long, you can definitely force yourself to get through it, even if it is very tough. But a PhD is not a Master’s and four years (or longer if you decide to do some internships or take a break) are a long time which you can later regret wasting. Also, if you decide half way through that it is not for you, or do not get along with your supervisor (more on that below), the time spent so far will indeed be wasted.

During the first year PhD students usually accustom themselves with the relevant literature, build connections within their research circle, and start outlining their project. It usually takes up to another year to get to your first publication, and if during that time something goes wrong, you have not achieved anything – you will not get a degree and will not have a strong publication record. But how can you be sure that nothing will go wrong? Well, you can’t (that’s life), but there are a few things that significantly increase the chances of everything going well.

Should You Get A Master’s Degree / PhD In Computer Science? (for software engineering)

How much money can you make with a PhD in Computer Science?

Market projections for job growth and compensation are very positive. How much can you make with PhD in Computer Science? Professionals with a PhD in Computer Science can expect to make upwards of $80,000 post-graduation, with some roles grossing up to $200,000 annually.

Is a PhD in Computer Science worth it?

(With Jobs) A Ph.D. in computer science can help students pursue jobs in higher education or advanced research opportunities. Learning about whether this degree is worth it can help you decide on an educational path that suits your preferences and career interests.

How much does a doctorate in Computer Science cost?

A doctorate in computer science can open the door to some of the highest-paying positions in the computer profession. Most reputable schools offer tuition waivers and stipends ($20,000-$30,000 per year) to on-campus Ph.D. students. Programs typically provide online tuition discounts, as well.

What is a PhD in Computer Science?

A Ph.D. in computer science is a doctoral degree that students can earn after completing advanced research on a complex computer science topic, such as artificial intelligence (AI) or network architecture. A doctorate is the highest academic degree students can earn in the computer science field.

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Computer Science PhD

On this page:.

• Introduction
• 1 Research process
• 2 What is this career path?
• 3.1 You learn cutting edge research skills
• 3.2 Potential for large impact from research
• 3.3 Other benefits
• 4 Reasons not to do a computer science PhD
• 5 Entry requirements
• 6.1 Want to use a CS PhD to make the world a better place? We want to help.

A computer science PhD offers the chance to become a leading researcher in a highly important field with potential for transformational research. Especially consider it if you want to enter computer science academia or do high-level research in industry and expect to be among the top 30% of PhD candidates.

Most people qualified to do a computer science PhD should seriously consider doing a PhD focussed on Machine Learning, which we cover in another profile .

• • Potential for large impact from your research.
• • Opportunity to become an expert in AI.
• • Freedom to pursue research topics that most interest you.
• • Very smart colleagues.
• • Helps you enter technical jobs in industry, providing a backup to academia (though if industry is your aim, it's probably better to enter directly)
• • Less than 10% end up with tenure-track jobs.
• • Takes a long time (5-7 years), with relatively low pay.
• • Doing highly open-ended research provides little feedback which can be unmotivating.
• • About half of those who enter industry afterwards don't end up with research positions.

Key facts on fit  

If you are interested, try out doing computer science research by doing a dissertation as an undergraduate or taking up research assistant jobs in a professor’s lab. Then read this advice on how to get in.

Sometimes recommended

We recommend this career if it is a better fit for you than our other recommended careers.

Review status

Based on a shallow investigation 

Table of Contents

Research process

For this profile, we read eight blogs by computer scientists on whether to do the PhD and reviewed the Taulbee survey ( the full list ). See all the other research we did in our wiki .

What is this career path?

In this profile we focus on doing a Computer Science PhD in the US, which usually takes 5-7 years. There is relatively low emphasis on taking classes – typically you only take classes when they are relevant to your research, and these can be in disciplines outside of computer science, including statistics, operations research, maths, psychology and linguistics. 1 The PhD is heavily research focused – by the end you write a dissertation which is a long and in depth exploration on a topic that you become an expert on.

Why do a computer science PhD?

You learn cutting edge research skills.

The most commonly cited advantage of a computer science PhD is that you learn highly advanced research skills:

• You learn the skill of choosing promising areas of research that are at the edges of a field: “Doing a PhD will force you to cast away from shore and explore the boundary of human knowledge. There’s a real trick to picking good problems, and developing a taste for it is a key skill if you want to become a technical leader.” 2
• You become fluent in both written and verbal technical communication: “I’ve noticed a big gap between the software engineers I’ve worked with who have PhDs and those who don’t in this regard. PhD-trained folks tend to give clear, well-organized talks and know how to write up their work and visualize the result of experiments. As a result they can be much more influential.” 3 This is a skill that’s important for entering data science .
• You learn to run experiments and interpret the results and get every aspect of your methodology closely critiqued.
• You learn how to read and critique research papers.

Potential for large impact from research

• During your PhD you get to work on the hardest problems at the edge of human knowledge, in a field with a strong track record of transformational research , in spite of its short history as an academic discipline. “PhD research is about opening up new avenues of enquiry, and working on problems that the rest of the world hasn’t even articulated yet. If you do it right, you can have tremendous impact.” 4 A computer science PhD opens up the potential to carry on with this research in academia or in industry.
• You have lots of freedom over what research topics to work on during your PhD (though if you want to continue to academia, you’ll need to initially focus on the topics that will most aid your career). 5
• Artificial Intelligence is one of the most important trends of the next century and is currently the most popular area of specialisation among computer science PhD’s. 6 We think it’s especially important that more people work on making sure the development of AI is done safely, and there’s increasing funding available for researchers with this aim, making it a promising area to enter . A computer science PhD opens up jobs focused on AI safety in industry (for example at DeepMind ), non-profits such as the Machine Intelligence Research Institute , and academia. If you want to work on this research, see our full review of the area .

Other benefits

• You often become the leading world expert on the area of your dissertation.
• You gain a much deeper understanding of complex computer science topics, which can help with reaching technical leadership positions in industry, which are in-demand and well-paid. 7 People with PhD’s also frequently get more freedom in their subsequent jobs than those with bachelor’s or master’s degrees. 5
• Highly intelligent peers, and close mentorship and feedback from some of the smartest people on earth.
• PhD level research can be extremely satisfying. You can discover previously completely unknown knowledge, you gain deep understanding of your area and you get to prioritise accuracy and truth over functionality and speed much more than you do in industry. 8
• It is generally easier to move from a computer science PhD into industry than it is to move from industry into a PhD. 9

Reasons not to do a computer science PhD

• It takes a long time: “Nobody finishes in four years. The typical time to completion is around five or six years, but there is a long tail — I reserve the term “paleo-student” for someone who has been at it more than 10 years.” 10
• You don’t get wide exposure to different career areas during this time – you only learn about academic computer science.
• Currently only around 30% of computer science PhDs get jobs in academia, with less than 10% getting tenure track positions. 11 To get a tenure-track position it is increasingly necessary to do one or more post-docs first, meaning you face even more time with relatively low pay. 12
• Currently only around 55-65% of those who get jobs in industry after their PhD get research positions (suggesting it may have been better for them to enter industry directly). 13 Overall, only around half of computer science PhD’s get research positions immediately after their PhD’s whether this is in academia or in industry. 14
• The PhD is extremely unstructured – you do highly open-ended research with no clear guidelines on progress or how to organise your time. “Research can be very rewarding and very frustrating. Most students describe graduate school as a roller-coaster with tremendous highs and tremendous lows.” 15
• The pay is not that high – median stipends range from $17,000 to $29,000. 16

Entry requirements

You need an undergraduate degree in computer science or a closely related field like engineering, maths or physics (or another major as long as you took a lot of CS classes). A master in computer science can help you enter if your major wasn’t in computer science and you haven’t taken many CS classes. 17

You also typically need:

• Previous research experience
• Excellent letters of recommendation from researchers who can comment on your research ability
• A high GPA (3.5-4.0) in computer science and maths classes and quantitative reasoning GRE scores over 650. 18

Who should most strongly consider a computer science PhD?

You should only consider a computer science PhD if you are incredibly motivated to do high-level computer science research. All the advice we read was emphatic on this point. Here is a representative quote:

The only reason to do a PhD is because you love doing research. If you don’t love research, don’t bother — it is not worth the time, money (in terms of opportunity cost vs. making a real salary in industry), or stress. 19

To get a sense of what academic research in computer science is like, try reading published papers (see for example this paper and this paper ).

Given that only 10% end up with tenure track positions and of those that enter industry immediately after the PhD only 50% end up with research positions, it’s unclear whether the PhD is worth the considerable costs for the bottom 50% or so of candidates.

Overall, especially consider a computer science PhD if:

• You meet the entry requirements.
• You’re highly motivated to do computer science research.
• You expect to be among the top 30% of PhD candidates.
• You want to go into computer science academia or do high-level research in industry, especially if you want to work on artificial intelligence .

Want to use a CS PhD to make the world a better place? We want to help.

We’ve coached dozens of people entering a CS PhD, and can often put you in touch with relevant experts for more guidance, particularly in AI/ML.

Get in touch

Notes and references

• “In contrast, a Ph.D. program typically requires typically less than 10 courses during the entire 6 years (at CMU there are 5 required “core” courses, and 3 required “electives”). The emphasis in the Ph.D. is not on classes, but rather on research. A Ph.D. student will typically take classes only when she feels that they will be useful in her research. The classes she takes may not even be in CS at all. They may be in Statistics, Operations Research, Math, Psychology, Linguistics, or anything else useful for her particular research topic.” Applying to Ph.D. Programs in Computer Science – Carnegie Mellon University ↩
• Matt Welsh – Do you need a PhD? ↩
• Matt Welsh – So, you want to go to grad school? ↩
• “Once you have a PhD — and even during the process of getting one — you are able to be your own boss. Rather than working on someone else’s vision, you are the one to define the vision. This is especially true if you pursue an academic career after grad school, but is also the case in many industrial research labs. Typically, people with Bachelor’s and Master’s degrees aren’t afforded so much freedom.” Matt Welsh – So, you want to go to grad school? ↩
• “Artificial intelligence, networking, software engineering and databases, in that order, continue to be the most popular areas of specialization for doctoral graduates.” Computing Research Associating 2014 Taulbee Survey ↩
• “I do think that doing a PhD is useful for software engineers, especially those that are inclined to be technical leaders. There are many things you can only learn “on the job,” but doing a PhD, and having to build your own compiler, or design a new operating system, or prove a complex distributed algorithm from scratch is going to give you a much deeper understanding of complex Computer Science topics than following coding examples on StackOverflow.” Matt Welsh – Do you need a PhD? ↩
• “For all the frustrations, research can be extremely joyous. For some people, the joy of research is the joy of discovering something new that no one knew about. You might be discovering a new algorithm, a new operating system design idea, a new idea for maximizing the performance of disk arrays, etc.. For others, there’s the joy of truly understanding. You’ve probably noticed that in classes a professor or book will stop just when things are getting really interesting and say, “the rest is beyond the scope of this class.” In research, you can take a problem as far as you want and understand everything about it. For many, the joy of research comes from being able to make an impact – to change the way systems are built and design them in a smarter way. There’s also the joy of doing it right. In a company, the aim is to get a working product and ship it out quickly. In research, you can take your time and plan out your project so that you are proud to defend every one of your design decisions. Research is not about simple heuristics or quick hacks. Many people also relish the joy of being the authority on an area and of having their work read and cited by others.” Applying to Ph.D. Programs in Computer Science – Carnegie Mellon University ↩
• “In my experience, it is quite rare to make the jump from industry to grad school. First off, industry pays so much better than the PhD student stipend that it is quite hard to make this transition. Also, to get into a top PhD program, you need good letters from CS professors, and letters from industry don’t really count. After you’ve been gone for a couple of years it’s hard to get those stellar letters from the professors that may have loved you back when you were in college; newer, brighter, more energetic students have taken your place and you are long forgotten (although maybe Facebook will change all that). Industry experience rarely helps a graduate application, especially if you’re some low-level engineer at a big company writing tests all day.” Matt Welsh – So, you want to go to grad school? ↩
• “Only 27.3 percent of 2013-14 graduates took North American academic jobs, an all-time low since we began tracking this in 1989-90. The fraction taking tenure-track positions in North American doctoral granting computing departments held fairly steady at 7.6 percent for 2013-14 graduates. The fraction taking positions in North American non-Ph.D.-granting computing departments dropped from 2.1 percent to 1.9 percent. The fraction taking North American academic postdoctoral positions dropped from 14.9 percent to 11.6 percent” “The proportion of Ph.D. graduates who were reported taking positions outside of North America, among those whose employment is known, rose to 9.4 percent from 8.2 percent for 2012-13 graduates. About 37 percent of those employed outside of North America went to industry (slightly higher than reported last year), about 26 percent went to tenure-track academic positions (about the same as reported last year) and almost 20 percent went to academic postdoctoral positions (a higher rate than reported last year).” Computing Research Associating 2014 Taulbee Survey ↩
• “Tenure-track positions are increasingly requiring candidates to do one or more postdocs: This trend has been documented by Anita Jones in the article The Explosive Growth of Postdocs in Computer Science (ACM Digital Library subscription required). Since 2007, hiring of Ph.D.’s in academia is increasingly dominated by postdoc positions rather than tenure-track positions. The requirements for a tenure-track position appear to have been redefined to make one or more postdocs nearly mandatory. This has been the case in other disciplines for a long time, but it is relatively new for Computer Science. This delays a Ph.D.’s career and forces people who want to become professors to endure several more years of low pay and status.” Ronald T. Azuma – So long, and thanks for the Ph.D.! ↩
• “Among those doctoral graduates who went to North American industry and for whom the type of industry position was known, about 56 percent took research positions. This is down from the 64 percent reported last year.” “Of the doctoral graduates who went to non-North American industry positions, the positions were research by a three-to-one margin over those that were not research, the same ratio reported last year” Computing Research Associating 2014 Taulbee Survey ↩
• Table D4a. Detail of Industry Employment. Computing Research Associating 2014 Taulbee Survey ↩
• Applying to Ph.D. Programs in Computer Science – Carnegie Mellon University ↩
• Table G2. Fall 2014 Academic-Year Graduate Stipends by Department Type and Support Type. Computing Research Associating 2014 Taulbee Survey ↩
• “The only cases I recommend doing a Masters are for students that aren’t quite prepared to get into a top-ranked PhD program, for example, because their undergrad major is in something other than CS. (Note that if your undergrad major is in an area closely aligned with CS, such as engineering, math, or physics, or you took a lot of CS classes despite majoring in something else, you probably don’t need a Master’s.)” Matt Welsh – So, you want to go to grad school? ↩
• Applying to Ph.D. Programs in Computer Science – Carnegie Mellon University and Matt Welsh – Tips on Getting into Grad School ↩

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Best Doctorates in Computer Science: Top PhD Programs, Career Paths, and Salaries

Getting a PhD in the field of computer science is the best way to influence the future of technological innovation and research. If you are interested in getting a computer science doctoral degree, then our list of the best PhDs in Computer Science will help you find the program that caters most to your goals.

A PhD in Computer Science can branch out into a wide variety of science and tech fields. Be it information assurance, computational science theory, or cyber operations, you can specialize your computer science PhD to suit your interests. In our guide, we’ve also gone into detail about the average PhD in Computer Science salary and the best computer science jobs PhD students can get.

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What is a phd in computer science.

A PhD in Computer Science is a doctoral degree where graduate students perform research and submit original dissertations covering advanced computing systems topics. Computer science is a broad field that covers artificial intelligence, operating systems, software engineering, and data science.

Your doctoral dissertation will include a research proposal, coursework in advanced topics related to computer science, and a thesis presentation. The wide span of this field allows you to choose a PhD program that can cover topics in any high-performance computing systems area.

How to Get Into a Computer Science PhD Program: Admission Requirements

The admissions requirements to get into a computer science PhD program include submitting your official transcripts from your undergraduate or graduate programs and resume. Your previous university coursework should showcase a strong background in software development, popular programming languages , and scientific computing.

Universities also usually require the submission of your GRE score. A combined score of 1,100 is typically where you want to be when applying to PhD programs. You’ll also usually be required to submit three or more letters of recommendation and a personal essay stating your thesis or research proposal. Keep in mind that each university’s admissions requirements will vary.

PhD in Computer Science Admission Requirements

• 3.0 or higher cumulative GPA
• Three letters of recommendation
• Official transcript from your undergraduate degree or your graduate degree
• Prerequisite courses covering computer science academic programs
• Personal statement highlighting proposal of thesis or research topic

Computer Science PhD Acceptance Rates: How Hard Is It to Get Into a PhD Program in Computer Science?

It is very hard to get into a PhD program in computer science. This is because prospective students need to meet a very competitive GPA, have an excellent academic background, and fulfill other advanced program requirements. Your chances of getting accepted into a computer science doctorate degree program will typically range between 10 to 20 percent.

In fact, less than 10 percent of computer science graduate applicants are accepted at the University of California. Similarly, Duke University reports that only around 15.7 percent of applicants were selected for its 2021 to 2022 computer science PhD program. Your acceptance relies on submitting a compelling thesis proposal statement that displays your passion and high academic competency.

How to Get Into the Best Universities

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Best PhDs in Computer Science: In Brief

Best Universities for Computer Science PhDs: Where to Get a PhD in Computer Science

The best universities for computer science PhDs are Arizona State University, Boston University, Harvard University, Duke University, and Carnegie Mellon University. Each of these universities will help you advance your research and eventually get you a job in artificial intelligence , software development, or computing systems. We’ve also broken down the application process and other details for each program.

According to the US News & World Report, Arizona State University ranks number one on the list of the most innovative schools and number 36 in the best undergraduate engineering programs. It was founded in 1885 and currently offers over 450 graduate programs and employs more than 340 PhD fellows. 

PhD in Computer Science 

Arizona State University offers research opportunities in the fields of artificial intelligence, cyber security, big data, or statistical modeling under the umbrella of this computer science program. In this 84-credit program, you’ll tackle your dissertation, prospectus, and oral and written exams. You’ll also take courses on computational processes, information assurance, and network architecture. 

Your PhD dissertation includes 12 credit hours of experience culmination that can be planned alongside your research and elective credits. This degree is best suited for computer scientists wanting to build a career in machine learning or an academic career. 

PhD in Computer Science Overview

• Program Length: 4 to 6 years
• Acceptance Rate: N/A
• Tuition and Fees: $6,007/semester, nine credits or more (in state); $1,663/hour, under 12 credits or $16,328 per semester, 12 credits or more (out of state) 
• PhD Funding Opportunities: Teaching assistantships, research assistantships
• Three letters of recommendations from former professors or employers 
• One to two-page statement of purpose that covers previous research experiences and reasoning behind your interest in one to two doctoral programs
• Optional submission of GRE scores. Preferred scores are 146 verbal, 159 quantitative, and 4.0 analytical writing
• Official transcripts
• Bachelor’s Degree in Computer Science or computer engineering. Applicants with a master’s degree in a relevant field are preferred 
• Minimum 3.5 cumulative GPA

Founded in 1839, Boston University is a top private research university with a reputable engineering and technology program. It offers over 350 graduate programs and PhDs in topics such as neurobiology, biostatistics, computer engineering, mathematical finance, and systems engineering. 

PhD in Computer Science

If you are interested in advancing in research and academia, then this PhD program is worth looking into. Its curriculum trains you to build a successful professional background in the intelligent control systems, cloud infrastructures, and cryptography fields. Candidates need to clear its qualification, dissertation, and milestone requirements to complete this degree. 

• Program Length: 5 to 6 years
• Acceptance Rate: 10%
• Tuition and Fees: $61,924/year
• PhD Funding Opportunities: Computer Science Fellowship, Teaching Excellence Award, Research Excellence Award, Teaching Fellow Expectations 
• GRE scores normally mandatory, but are optional for fall 2022
• A personal statement stating your interest in the program 
• Resume 

Carnegie Mellon University is a globally recognized university with more than 14,500 students and over 109,900 alumni. The school was founded in the year 1900 and offers over 80 majors and minors. According to the US News & World Report, Carnegie Mellon University ranks number one on the best undergraduate computer science program in the country. 

This on-campus PhD program focuses on computing research, software informatics, and communication technologies. Completing this doctoral degree program will open you up to a wide range of career prospects across the data science, computing technology, and information technology research fields. 

This degree includes 24 units of advanced computing research, 72 units of graduate courses, and the dissertation process of an original research thesis. This PhD is apt for those looking to establish their career in research and academia. During this program, you’ll also serve as a teaching assistant in the computer science department twice as per the degree requirement. 

• Acceptance Rate: 5% to 10%
• Tuition and Fees: $75,272/year 
• PhD Funding Opportunities: Internal funding, external funding, dependency allowance, fellowships
• GRE scores optional but encouraged
• Most recent transcript of the university attended
• One to two-page statement of purpose stating your interest in the program, research interests, PhD objective, and relevant experience
• Three letters of recommendation from previous faculty or employers   

Duke University was established in 1924 and counts among the top universities in the world. It has an undergraduate population of 6,789 and a graduate population of 9,991 students and is most recognized for its computer science, biology, public policy, and economics departments. It offers over 80 doctoral and master’s degrees covering STEM, social sciences, and humanities. 

This computer science PhD is definitely worth it for doctorate students looking to embark on an advanced computer science research path. In it, students tackle a research initiation project, preliminary exam, dissertation process, and core qualification credits. Doctoral candidates are also required to partake in the department’s teaching assistantship program. 

Its curriculum includes core courses in computation theory, artificial intelligence, algorithms, numerical analysis, and computer architecture. Graduates of the program open themselves up to numerous career opportunities across a wide range of computing systems academic and research fields. 

• Program Length: 3 to 4 years
• Acceptance Rate: 15.7%
• Tuition and Fees: $70,185/year for the first three years and $18,165/year each subsequent year
• PhD Funding Opportunities: Teaching assistantships, research assistantships, fellowships
• Official transcripts from all attended universities 
• Statement of purpose
• GRE scores are optional for 2022 but recommended 
• No minimum GPA requirements but high GPA scores are preferred

Harvard University is a top Ivy League institution that has amassed global recognition and top rankings in many of its departments. Founded in 1636, the university is home to many excellent programs across the fields of law, medicine, economics, and computer science. It has more than 400,000 alumni and a total enrollment of 35,276 students. 

According to the US News & World Report, Harvard University ranked number one among the best global universities in 2022 . Its graduate schools offer doctorate programs in the applied sciences, biology, literature, environmental sciences, business, and healthcare fields. 

Attending a computer science PhD program at Harvard University brings high credibility and accolades to your professional candidacy. This program is offered by the university’s Graduate School of Arts and Sciences and provides focus opportunities across the engineering science, applied physics, computer science, and applied mathematics areas.  

Similar to most mainstream PhDs, this program requires the completion of 10 semester-long graduate courses, a dissertation topic, oral and written qualifying exams, a teaching assistantship, and a defense process. After graduating, you’ll easily qualify for some of the most prestigious research and career opportunities available.

• Program Length: 3 or more years
• Acceptance Rate: 6%
• Tuition and Fees: $50,928 for the first two years and $13,240 reduced tuition for the third and fourth year
• PhD Funding Opportunities: Teaching fellowships, research assistantships, GSAS fellowships, external funding 
• Supplemental form for PhD
• Transcripts from all post-secondary education 
• Statement of purpose stating your interest in the program  

Oregon State University is a public research university founded in 1868 with over 210,000 alumni. The school is home to more than 28,607 undergraduate and 5,833 graduate students and offers over 300 academic programs as well as a robust research department. Its doctoral programs can be found in the business, agricultural science, education, engineering, or medicine departments. 

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This PhD is offered by the university’s electrical engineering and computer science department and is perfect for doctoral candidates wanting to work in IT research in the governmental or educational sectors. The program offers research opportunities in topics such as data science, cyber security, artificial intelligence, computer graphics, and human-computer interaction. 

The program’s curriculum includes graduate-level courses in theoretical computer science and requires the completion of your research thesis. You’ll also be required to maintain an overall cumulative GPA of 3.0 and pass all preliminary and oral exams to receive your PhD. 

• Program Length: 4 years
• Tuition and Fees: $557/credit (in state); $1,105/credit (out of state)
• PhD Funding Opportunities: Graduate teaching assistantship, research assistantship, Outstanding Scholars Program
• Three letters of recommendation from previous professors or employers familiar with your technical skills 
• Transcripts and academic history of all attended universities 
• Minimum 3.0 GPA in the last two years of your undergraduate or graduate work 
• Statement of objective listing your interest in the program, career goals, research interests, and relevant experience

Syracuse University is a private institution that was established in 1870 and is most popular for its research and professional training academic programs. It has more than 40 research centers focusing on the STEM, social sciences, and humanities fields. The university has over 400 majors, minors, and advanced degrees its students can choose from. 

It had a total enrollment of 14,479 undergraduate students and 6,193 graduate students in the fall of 2020. Prospective students can pick a PhD focus from many of its applied topics, including data science, statistics, human development, and bioengineering. 

PhD in Computer and Information Science and Engineering

A PhD focused in computer and information science and engineering from Syracuse University can help you advance your career in the information technology, software engineering, or information assurance fields. This program is best suited for computing technology research buffs looking to land senior-level positions in the field. 

The program’s curriculum is an amalgamation of graduate coursework, your dissertation and research presentation, and exams. Your coursework will cover technical topics ranging from algorithms and artificial intelligence to operating systems and hardware systems. 

PhD in Computer and Information Science and Engineering Overview

• Program Length: 4 to 5 years
• Acceptance Rate: 14.28%
• Tuition and Fees: $32,110/year 
• PhD Funding Opportunities: Research assistantships, departmental teaching assistantships, university fellowships

PhD in Computer and Information Science and Engineering Admission Requirements

• Minimum GRE scores: Verbal 153, Quantitative 155, and analytical writing 4.5 
• Bachelor of Science or Master of Science in computer engineering, electrical engineering, or computer and information science
• Two or more letters of recommendation from previous faculty or employers 
• Official transcripts of all attended universities 
• 500-word personal statement concerning your interest in the program

The University of Oklahoma is a public school best known for its business, journalism, and petroleum engineering programs. Founded in 1890, it currently has an undergraduate student population of 21,844 and offers over 170 academic programs and graduate degrees in a wide range of subject areas. 

The school’s doctoral topics are numerous and can be found within its business, architecture, fine arts, education, engineering, journalism, or geographics science departments. The University of Oklahoma is also incredibly well known for its athletic programs, having won many national championships.

The university’s computer science PhD has courses in machine learning, data science, computer security, visual analytics, database management, and neural networking subjects. If you’re interested in a data science, network security, artificial intelligence, or cyber security career, then this PhD is for you.

The program allows you to propose a research topic covering anything in the field of advanced computing systems and theories. During your program, you’ll undergo an annual research progress review along with general examinations until your defense. The program also requires you to submit a minimum of two publications before you complete your degree. 

• Program Length: 6 years
• Tuition and Fees: $591.90/credit (in state); $1,219.50/credit (out of state)
• PhD Funding Opportunities: Graduate assistantships, research assistantships, fellowships, scholarships, research grants
• Prerequisite coursework covering computer science, data structures, and math subjects 
• Bachelor’s degree or master’s degree
• Minimum cumulative 3.0 GPA 
• 250-word statement of purpose concerning your interest and goals in the program 
• Three letters of recommendation, with two of them preferably from previous professors

The University of Arizona was founded in 1885 and is a public research institution with over 300 major programs. The school is home to 36,503 undergraduate and 10,429 graduate students and offers PhD programs in over 150 areas of study, including information science, statistics, mechanical engineering, biomedical science, medicine, communication, and economics. 

If you want to become an applications architect or pursue a career in academia focusing on computing or business intelligence technologies, then this PhD is for you. It offers courses in computer networking, system architecture, database systems, machine learning theory, natural processing language, and computer vision. 

The program’s curriculum requires the completion of 12 units of advanced computer science research and 18 units of dissertation presentation and defense. You’ll also need to maintain a minimum cumulative GPA of 3.33 to receive your PhD. 

• Program Length: 5.5 years
• Acceptance Rate: 17.73%
• Tuition and Fees: $989.12/unit (in state); $1,918.12/unit (out of state)
• PhD Funding Opportunities: Graduate assistantships, graduate associate fund, teaching assistantships, research assistantships, graduate college fellowship
• Official transcripts from all attended universities
• Minimum of two letters of recommendation by previous faculty or employers 
• A statement of purpose stating your interest in the school and the program faculty, your career goals, preferred research areas, and research background
• Resume detailing previous research work, published papers, conference presentations, and computer science background 
• Bachelor’s degree in computer science or a related field 
• A background in operating systems, programming languages, discrete mathematics, data structures, and theory of computation 
• Minimum 3.5 undergraduate GPA and 3.7 graduate GPA 

The University of Maryland is a research-focused institution that was founded in 1856. It hosts more than 41,200 students and offers over 217 undergraduate and master’s programs. It also offers 84 doctoral programs and has an extensive research department. According to the US News & World Report, the school ranks number 20 among the top public schools in the country .

This PhD program offers research opportunities in subjects such as robotics, big data, scientific computing, machine learning, geographic information systems, and quantum computing. Doctoral students can participate in a collaborative research journey at any of the school’s research specialized institutions. The program curriculum includes graduate coursework, a research proposal, and a dissertation defense. 

• Tuition and Fees: $11,586/year (in state); $24,718/year (out of state) 2022-2023
• PhD Funding Opportunities:  Research assistantships, departmental teaching assistantships, National Science Foundation Graduate Fellowships, Fulbright Fellowships
• Transcripts from all attended universities
• Writing sample and optional publications or presentations 
• Statement of purpose concerning your interests in the field and program 
• Three letters of recommendation 

Can You Get a PhD in Computer Science Online?

Yes, you can get a PhD in Computer Science online. An online doctoral degree will be more course-based instead of research-based due to the lack of laboratory facilities. Computer science is a broad field that offers doctoral opportunities across a wide range of tech topics. You can get an online PhD in information science, data science, data analytics, or information systems.

Know that online PhDs are rare across most fields, including computer science. Obtaining a non-research-focused doctoral degree won’t be as respected as a traditional computer science PhD. The online PhD programs listed below are best suited for candidates looking to advance into managerial, theoretical research, and academic positions in the technology sector.

Best Online PhD Programs in Computer Science

How Long Does It Take to Get a PhD in Computer Science?

It takes an average of four years to get a PhD in Computer Science. However, the actual duration is entirely dependent on the candidate’s research proposal approval and defense success, and depending on your research pace, it can take up to five or six years to complete. The graduate course portion of your degree is the most straightforward and typically takes around 2.5 years to complete.

Your dissertation topic selection, research journey, publication submissions, and defense presentations will take the most amount of time, usually between three to five years. Some universities also require their PhD students to complete a minimum of two years of graduate teaching assistantship. An online PhD in Computer Science usually only takes three years to finish, as it mostly includes advanced coursework.

Is a PhD in Computer Science Hard?

Yes, a PhD in Computer Science is hard. Computer science is a complex field that incorporates an array of advanced technical topics. Your PhD will require you to submit an original research proposal on an advanced information technology subject such as data science, machine learning, quantum computing, artificial intelligence, and network security topics.

Along with advanced research and a dissertation, you’ll also need to complete advanced graduate courses with a minimum GPA of 3.0. Other requirements often include submitting one or more publications, working in graduate teaching positions, and successfully defending your thesis topic. The combination of all of these academic requirements makes getting a PhD in Computer Science a hard process.

How Much Does It Cost to Get a PhD in Computer Science?

It costs $19,314 per year to get a PhD in Computer Science, according to the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES). However, your total PhD tuition can vary depending on a number of factors, including the university’s ranking, the program’s timeline, and the PhD funding opportunities you’ll have available.

The NCES further categorizes the graduate program tuition according to the institution type and reports that the average fee for public institutions was $12,171 from 2018 to 2019. It also states that private for-profit institutions charged an average of $27,776, and non-profit schools charged $14,208 those same years.

How to Pay for a PhD in Computer Science: PhD Funding Options

The PhD funding options that students can use to pay for a PhD in Computer Science include graduate research assistantships, teaching assistantships, and fellowship opportunities. Your funding options will vary from school to school and can include both external and internal funding.

Some of the popular ways to fund your PhDs include research grants, federal work-study programs, teaching or graduate assistantships, tuition waivers, and graduate research fellowships. You can also apply for scholarships or tuition reimbursement options at your current job. Your graduate advisor and computer science faculty can help you find more funding options.

Best Online Master’s Degrees

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What Is the Difference Between a Computer Science Master’s Degree and PhD?

The difference between a computer science master’s degree and a PhD is the level of each degree. A Master’s Degree in Computer Science is a typical precursor to a PhD and covers the technical field less extensively than a doctoral program. It will last around two to three years and can be fully course-based or thesis-based.

A PhD in Computer Science provides you with higher qualifications and more research and dissertation autonomy. It can last anywhere between four to six years and gives you original publication and research credibility. Both of these computer science degrees are considered graduate degrees, but a PhD provides you with a higher educational accolade.

Master’s vs PhD in Computer Science Job Outlook

The job outlook for a professional with a master’s vs PhD in Computer Science will generally coincide as most senior-level careers can be achieved with a master’s degree. According to the US Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), the job outlook for computer and information research scientists is projected to grow by 22 percent between 2020 and 2030.

This job typically requires a master’s degree meaning PhD holders also qualify and can apply for it. The commonality of these job growth statistics also applies to other tech positions, including information security scientists and network architects. That being said, the specific growth rate of your job will also vary depending on your career choice.

For example, university computer science professor positions, which typically only computer science PhD holders are eligible for, have a projected growth rate of 12 percent between 2020 and 2030, according to the BLS. With computer science professionals being high in demand, most PhD in Computer Science jobs have a positive projected growth rate.

Difference in Salary for Computer Science Master’s vs PhD

The difference in salary for computer science master’s vs PhD grads can vary depending on their position and place of employment. According to PayScale, the average salary for a computer science PhD holder is $131,000 per year , which is higher than the average salary of a master’s degree graduate.

According to PayScale, the average salary for a computer science master’s graduate is $105,000 per year . The salary disparity with these degrees stems from the differences in their level of seniority, industry experience, and educational accolades.

Related Computer Science Degrees

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Why You Should Get a PhD in Computer Science

You should get a PhD in Computer Science because it is an advanced and highly reputable degree that will help you land senior technical, academic, and research roles. A PhD is a gateway to a lucrative and innovative technology career, allowing you to follow your research passion across the fields of artificial intelligence, data science, or computing theory.

Reasons for Getting a PhD in Computer Science

• Extensive and advanced research opportunities. A PhD in Computer Science covers many advanced computing science fields. You can learn specialized skills through your research opportunities and eventually work in advanced data science, artificial intelligence, neural networking, information technology, or computing theory.
• Higher salary. PhD graduates qualify for career opportunities working in senior positions as scientists, professors, managers, or heads of departments. These senior positions come with high compensation and job security.
• Rewarding education. A computer science PhD is perfect for those who are interested in contributing toward leading innovation and technology research. As a doctoral student, you can propose and conduct advanced research in the field while contributing to today’s technological growth.
• Increased job candidacy. Having a computer science PhD on your resume and portfolio will enhance your candidacy when applying to tech positions across all industries. A PhD is a highly reputable degree that demonstrates your expertise in the field and ultimately makes you a highly sought-after candidate.

Getting a PhD in Computer Science: Computer Science PhD Coursework

The graduate requirements for getting a PhD in Computer Science and most common PhD coursework are different from program to program and are heavily dependent on your specialization, but often have some commonalities. Here are some examples of courses you may take during your PhD.

System Architecture

A systems architecture course in a computer science PhD covers advanced operating systems, communication technologies, network security, and computer architecture. You’ll also take classes covering topics like network systems and software engineering.

Artificial Intelligence

Artificial intelligence is a rapidly growing field that is integral to the field of computer science and data science. Your program will cover the latest artificial intelligence technologies and research areas such as deep learning, interactive systems, neural networking, and artificial intelligence infrastructure.

Information Assurance

Network security, information assurance, and cyber security are also part of an extensive education coverage of the computer science field. This course will cover vital knowledge concerning information security, system integrity, data privacy, and system authentication.

Data science courses in a computer science PhD program cover topics such as big data, database management, data analytics, data mining, and machine learning subjects. You will learn about data science processes and methods as well as the tools and technologies used in advanced data engineering.

Theory of Computation

A theory of computation course will teach you advanced algorithms, computation models, Turing machines, quantum computing, and automata theories. You’ll also have lessons that cover the Godel Incompleteness theorem and molecular computing.

Best Master’s Degrees

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How to Get a PhD in Computer Science: Doctoral Program Requirements

If you are wondering how to get a PhD in Computer Science and complete the doctoral program requirements, this section will provide you with the answers you’re looking for. The graduation and academic requirements will vary from one PhD program to another, but there are some common requirements across all computer science departments. Here are some of them.

A computer science PhD is an amalgamation of graduate-level courses and research. All PhDs will require you to complete their graduate course requirements which cover topics like data science, computing systems, artificial intelligence, and information assurance. The required number of courses will vary depending on the program but is typically between 10 and 15. 

Maintaining a minimum required cumulative GPA in your courses is a requirement across all PhD programs. The GPA requirement can range anywhere from 3.0 to 3.5. This is one of the major ways your program department tracks your progress and whether or not you are struggling with the work.

Clearing the qualifying exams with a passing grade while maintaining the required GPA is another PhD graduation requirement. Your preliminary exam is a public presentation discussing your research topics with approval committees and other students. Written exams and oral exams come with each course and are a test of your computer science and tech abilities.  

You are typically required to present your research proposal or research initiation project within the first two years of your PhD. You must get your research idea approved by the approval committee and begin the research process within those two years. 

Once you embark on your computer science research process, you are required to present an annual progress report. This presentation is a review process where the approval committee will ask questions and provide feedback on your progression.  

Your PhD milestones may also include publication requirements. For these, you’ll be required to submit one or two peer-reviewed journal or publication entries covering the computer science topics you are researching. 

Universities also require PhD candidates to complete two years of graduate teaching assistantships or research assistantships. These assistantships are one of the best ways to secure funding for your PhD program. 

Getting your dissertation approved and completing your research and thesis is one of the most important milestones of your PhD. Your assigned research committee, thesis advisor, and approval committee will need to approve your research and dissertation for your to be able to graduate. 

Computer science PhDs will have a timeline breakdown that candidates are expected to meet. You will typically need to complete the graduate coursework within two to three years and complete your dissertation and thesis within six years. You can request a timeline extension with your advisor’s approval.

The thesis for your PhD in Computer Science will cover your chosen research subject area. It will include a thesis proposal submission, thesis presentation, and thesis approval process as well as an extensive written document covering your hypothesis, findings, and conclusions. 

Potential Careers With a Computer Science Degree

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PhD in Computer Science Salary and Job Outlook

The salary and job outlook for a PhD in Computer Science will vary according to your job designation but are generally positive. The average salary for some of the highest-paid jobs will range between $86,712 and $179,351. Below are some of the most lucrative career paths a computer science PhD holder can embark on.

What Can You Do With a PhD in Computer Science?

You can work in a wide range of advanced technical positions with a PhD in Computer Science. This doctoral degree qualifies you for positions as a manager, scientist, college professor, and researcher. You could lead an information assurance department or become a computer science professor, chief data scientist, or artificial intelligence researcher.

Best Jobs with a PhD in Computer Science

• Computer Research Scientist
• Computer Science Professor
• Research and Development Lead
• Computer Systems Engineer
• Information Technology Manager

What Is the Average Salary for a PhD in Computer Science?

The average salary for someone with a PhD in Computer Science is $131,000 per year , according to PayScale. Your actual salary will vary depending on your specific position, location, and experience. In fact, with a PhD, you could work as a chief data scientist and make between $136,000 and $272,000 or as a senior software engineer and make $104,000 to $195,000.

Highest-Paying Computer Science Jobs for PhD Grads

Best Computer Science Jobs with a Doctorate

The best computer science jobs with a doctorate degree all earn a high salary and have high projected growth in the next few years. These jobs cover a wide range of computer science disciplines, meaning that you’ll easily be able to find a position doing something you enjoy.

A chief data scientist is in charge of the data analytics and data science departments of an organization. They are responsible for the approval of new database system designs, data strategies, and data management decisions. 

• Salary with a Computer Science PhD: $179,351
• Job Outlook: 22% job growth from 2020 to 2030
• Number of Jobs: 33,000
• Highest-Paying States: Oregon, Arizona, Texas, Massachusetts, Washington

A chief information officer is an IT executive responsible for managing and overseeing the computer and information technology departments of a company. Also known as CTOs, they are responsible for delegating tasks and approving innovation and technology upgrade ideas proposed by their teams. 

• Salary with a Computer Science PhD: $168,680
• Job Outlook: 11% job growth from 2020 to 2030
• Number of Jobs: 482,000
• Highest-Paying States: New York, California, New Jersey, Washington, District of Columbia

A senior computer scientist heads the research department of a computer science, artificial intelligence, or computer engineering field. These professionals, along with their research team, are tasked with developing efficient and optimal computer solutions across a wide range of sectors. 

• Salary with a Computer Science PhD: $153,972

An IT security architect is a cyber and information security professional responsible for developing, maintaining, and upgrading the IT and network security infrastructure of a business or organization. Additionally, they oversee an organization’s data, communication systems, and software systems security aspects. 

• Salary with a Computer Science PhD: $128,414
• Job Outlook : 5% job growth from 2020 to 2030
• Number of Jobs: 165,200
• Highest-Paying States: New Jersey, Rhode Island, Delaware, Virginia, Marlyand

A computer science professor is a university professor who educates college students concerning basic and advanced computer science subjects. They are responsible for creating and instructing a course curriculum as well as testing their students. Some computer science professors also work as research faculty at a university. 

• Salary with a Computer Science PhD: $86,712
• Job Outlook: 12% job growth from 2020 to 2030
• Number of Jobs: 1,276,900 
• Highest-Paying States: California, Oregon, District of Columbia, New York, Massachusetts

Is a PhD in Computer Science Worth It?

Yes, a PhD in Computer Science is worth it for anyone wanting to work in senior professions in the field of technology. This doctoral degree opens its recipients up to numerous career opportunities across academia, research and development, technology management, and chief technical positions.

Getting a computer science PhD equips you with specialized skills and extensive research capabilities. During your studies, you’ll get the opportunity to contribute to the rapidly developing world of technology with your original dissertation and specialize in data science, network security, or computing systems.

Additional Reading About Computer Science

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PhD in Computer Science FAQ

The preferred GPA for a computer science PhD is 3.5 or above. Keep in mind that meeting the minimum requirement doesn’t guarantee acceptance. The higher you can get your GPA during your bachelor’s and master’s, the more likely it is you will be accepted to the PhD program of your choice.

The standardized exam you need to take to get a PhD in Computer Science is the Graduate Record Examination (GRE). The GRE score requirements will vary from university to university and several schools have currently waived GRE requirements due to the coronavirus pandemic.

You can choose from a wide range of potential research subjects for your computer science PhD, including computer algorithms, data science, artificial intelligence , or cyber security. You can also research business process modeling, robotics, quantum computing, machine learning, or other big data topics.

You can get into a computer science PhD program by impressing the admissions committee and the school’s computer science graduate department with your skills, experience, grades, and desired research topic. Students with a 3.5 or higher GPA, a high GRE score, extensive IT skills, and an impressive research topic have a higher chance of admission.

About us: Career Karma is a platform designed to help job seekers find, research, and connect with job training programs to advance their careers. Learn about the CK publication .

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Top 10 Best PhD in Computer Science Programs

Are you looking to further your studies in computer science? Perfect! I’ve researched and put together these ten computer science PhD programs, so keep reading to find your next course!

As you know, PhD in computer science holders are sought-after specialists, with current demand far outstripping supply. According to the Bureau for Labor Statistics , jobs for computer and information research scientists are estimated to grow by an impressive 22% between 2020 and 2030. You might score similar positions with a PhD in mathematics , too. But a PhD in computer science can open doors to some of the most lucrative jobs in the industry.

Let’s explore some of the best computer science PhD courses in the US!

Table of Contents

Best Computer Science PhD Programs and Universities

Stanford university.

PhD in Computer Science

Stanford University is one of the most famous research institutions in the world, and its Computer Science programs have been ranked second  in the USA. This PhD program involves a research rotation scheme where students participate in different research groups during the first year. This exposes them to different subjects and lets them know the faculty and fellow students.

• Courses : Analysis of algorithms, programming languages, and computer network & security.
• Credits : 135 course units
• Duration : 5-6 years
• Delivery : On-campus
• Tuition : Refer tuition page  (full funding available)
• Financial aid : Research assistantships, teaching assistantships, fellowships, and grants
• Acceptance rate:  5.2%
• Location : Stanford, California

Massachusetts Institute of Technology

PhD in Computer Science and Engineering

MIT is known as the best technical institution in the world, and its computer science programs were ranked first  in the country by the US & News report. Students can work with all schools and departments throughout their studies.

• Courses : Software & computation for simulation, process data analytics & machine learning, and numerical computing & interactive software.
• Credits : 60
• Tuition : Refer tuition page
• Financial aid:  Scholarships, federal work-study, fellowships, assistantships, grants, and veteran benefits
• Acceptance rate:  7.3%
• Location : Cambridge, Massachusetts

Carnegie Mellon University, School of Computer Sciences

CMU is a globally acclaimed private research university, home to conducting cutting-edge technology research across its seven prestigious schools. This is one of the few PhD programs in computer science with an optional dual degree arrangement enabling you to study programs with one of seven Portuguese universities.

• Courses : Algorithms & complexity, artificial intelligence, and software systems.
• Credits : 96 university units
• Tuition : $48,250 per year
• Financial aid:  Full funding, fellowships, and scholarships
• Acceptance rate : 17.3%
• Location : Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania

Harvard University, Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences

Harvard University is a world-renowned research institution that aims to achieve the perfect mix of scholarship and innovation. Across the university, every PhD student is given a field advisor right from the beginning of the program. Then, the student identifies a research area and a potential research advisor in their first two semesters. Upon qualifying, the research advisor nominates a research committee to assist the student throughout their graduate career.

• Courses : Algorithms & their limitations, data structures & algorithms, and cryptography.
• Credits : 16 half-courses
• Duration : 2 years minimum
• Financial aid : Full funding, fellowships, teaching assistantships, and research assistantships
• Acceptance rate:  5%

Duke University, The Graduate School

Duke University is an internationally acclaimed private research university known for its inclusivity. Its Center for Exemplary Mentoring aims to increase the number of PhD graduates from underrepresented and minority communities. Its PhD of Computer Science program is flexible and allows students to choose between a coursework-only option of 30 credits or a thesis.

• Courses : Programming & problem solving, computational microeconomics, and software design & implementation.
• Credits : 8 courses
• Duration : 5 years
• Tuition : $4,325  per semester
• Financial aid : Grants, fellowships, teaching assistantships, and research assistantships
• Acceptance rate : 7.7%
• Location : Durham, North Carolina

The University of California Berkeley, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences (EECS)

The University of California Berkeley is a prestigious university committed to student diversity and has a dedicated Office for Graduate Diversity to support students from all backgrounds. This PhD program offers research opportunities in biosystems and computational biology, cyber-physical systems and design automation (CPSDA), and computer architecture and engineering.

• Courses : Combinatorial algorithms & data structures, design of programming languages, and implementation of database systems.
• Credits : 24 units minimum
• Duration : 5.5 – 6 years
• Tuition : $6,132 per semester
• Financial aid : Fellowships, scholarships, grants, research stipends, loans, and work-study
• Acceptance rate : 17%
• Location : Berkeley, California

California Institute of Technology, Computing & Mathematical Sciences Department

The California Institute of Technology, also known as Caltech, is one of the most renowned technology institutions in the world despite its comparatively small size. This PhD program allows students to develop an in-depth understanding of and conduct research in areas related to mathematical and algorithmic foundations of computer science.

• Courses : Quantum cryptography, information theory, and network control systems.
• Credits : 135 units
• Duration : 6 years
• Tuition : $63,063  per year
• Financial aid : Fellowships, assistantships, loans, stipends, scholarships, and work-study
• Acceptance rate : 6.7%
• Location : Pasadena, California

Cornell University, Bowers College of Computing and Information Science

Cornell University is home to several famous technology schools, such as Cornell Tech, which conducts cutting-edge research to find solutions to the challenges of our modern, digital world. In this PhD program, students choose a minor from one of the 90 available fields outside of computer science to widen their knowledge base.

• Courses : Parallel computing, programming environments, and natural language processing.
• Duration : 12 semesters
• Tuition : $24,800  per year
• Financial aid:  Assistantships, fellowships, loans, and stipends
• Acceptance rate : 10.7%
• Location : Ithaca, New York

The University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, The Grainger College of Engineering

The Grainger College of Engineering focuses on research to improve quality of life through innovation, entrepreneurship, and societal engagement. In this flexible PhD program, students are assigned three committee members during the first semester. The student can then consult with these mentors to plan their studies to meet their career goals.

• Courses : Programming language semantics, machine learning for signals, and learning-based robotics.
• Credits : 96, or 64 if you already have an MS
• Duration : 5-7 years
• Financial aid : Grants, fellowships, waivers, loans, and employment
• Acceptance rate : 63.3%
• Location : Urbana, Illinois

Princeton University, The Graduate School

Princeton University is one of the top universities in the country in computer science doctorate programs. This PhD program involves studying six courses, including one each from the three main areas of Artificial Intelligence, Systems, and Theory, which form the program’s core.

• Courses : Programming languages, advanced computer systems, and information theory & applications.
• Credits : 6 courses
• Tuition : $62,860  per year
• Financial aid : Teaching assistantships, research assistantships, and fellowships
• Acceptance rate : 5.6%
• Location : Princeton, New Jersey

What Do I Need to Get a PhD in Computer Science?

For most programs, you’ll need a bachelor’s or master’s degree in computer science or a related field; however, exact eligibility requirements vary depending on the school. To earn your PhD, you’ll typically need to complete coursework, qualifying exams, and a dissertation.

What to Consider When Choosing a Computer Science PhD Program

Several US schools and universities offer PhD in computer science programs — choosing the right program for you can feel overwhelming. So, take your time and research the curriculum and specialties for different programs to make sure they match your areas of interest.

If you’re unsure about the areas you want to specialize in, I advise you to read research papers across different fields and discuss career opportunities with people in the industry. It’s also a good idea to look up the faculty from the programs you’re interested in and review their recent papers.

Here are some key factors to keep in mind when choosing a computer science PhD:

• Curriculum and specialties offered
• The program’s reputation
• Faculty, their specialties, and reputation
• Cost of tuition and other fees
• Delivery mode: on-campus, online, or hybrid
• Funding options

Related Reading:  Top 10 Best Online PhDs in Computer Science

Why Get a Doctor of Computer Science Degree?

A doctorate in computer science will equip you to become a leading researcher in today’s digital technologies. You’ll also be eligible for senior academic positions with a PhD in the field.

Furthermore, a PhD in computer science allows you to work in various respectable roles. Here are some of the top jobs and average yearly salaries for computer science PhD holders:

• Data Scientist – $99,710
• Chief Data Scientist –  $211,702
• Software Architect – $136,541
• Software Development Manager – $133,534
• Senior Researcher – $107,657

Approximately 2,000 students earn a computer science PhD from US universities each year. The industry demand is much greater than the supply. Furthermore, many PhD candidates are international students who return home after graduation. Therefore, graduates with a PhD in computer science are in high demand in the US.

PhD in Computer Science: Key Facts

How much does a phd in computer science cost.

Tuition varies depending on the program but generally falls between $15,000 and $60,000 per year. Besides the tuition fees, you will also need to factor in additional costs like academic fees, books, other educational resources, and living expenses.

How Long Does It Take to Get a PhD in Computer Science?

A PhD in computer science usually takes 3-7 years to complete.

What Skills Do You Gain from Doing a PhD in Computer Science?

A PhD in computer science allows students to develop leadership, problem-solving, and research skills related to complex topics like artificial intelligence, machine learning, and robotics.

Key Takeaways

A PhD in computer science is one of the most in-demand qualifications in today’s hyper-digital world. It can equip you with specialized skills and knowledge to address modern tech problems with innovative solutions.

If you found this article helpful, take a look at our other guides, including the best Master’s in Computer Science programs , the top online PhD programs , and the highest paying PhDs .

Frequently Asked Questions

What is a phd in computer science like.

A PhD in computer science typically involves research, coursework, thesis preparation, teaching, and seminars related to computer science subjects. Individual programs may have other requirements.

Can You Get a PhD in Computer Science?

Yes, many universities offer computer science PhD programs . You’ll usually need a bachelor’s or a master’s degree in computer science or a related field to apply.

Is a PhD in Computer Science Worth It?

While a PhD in computer science requires considerable financial investment, it is a valuable qualification in today’s tech-forward world. Plenty of job opportunities and high remuneration levels await a computer science PhD graduate, with the average annual salary of $133,000 per year.

What Does a PhD in Computer Science Do?

A qualified PhD computer science graduate may conduct research in complex computer systems, design and develop programs and applications, or study human-computer interaction to find innovative solutions for society. They may also work in academics, either in teaching, research, or both.

What Can I Do with a PhD in Computer Science?

With a PhD in Computer Science on your resume, you’ll be hired for roles like data scientist, software architect, researcher, or academic professor and build a prestigious, high-paid career.

Which Subject is Best for a PhD in Computer Science?

A wide range of subjects will qualify you to apply for a doctoral degree in computer science. Popular topics include data structures and algorithms, computer systems and organization, and discrete computer science mathematics. The best subject for you depends on your interests and career ambitions.

Lisa Marlin

Lisa is a full-time writer specializing in career advice, further education, and personal development. She works from all over the world, and when not writing you'll find her hiking, practicing yoga, or enjoying a glass of Malbec.

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Doctorate in Computer Science Overview

Are you ready to discover your college program?

Doctoral programs offer focused, advanced training in computer science subfields, opening the door to employment in academia and research.

A Ph.D. in computer science provides graduate-level training for leadership roles in tech, business, and academia. Computer scientists with doctorates can also work in software engineering , artificial intelligence, and data analytics.

A doctoral degree in computer science may not be the right path for everyone, but some high-level roles require a doctorate in the field. This guide provides an introduction to the expectations of computer science Ph.D. program, common doctoral concentrations, and the job outlook for individuals with doctorates in computer science.

What Is a Doctorate in Computer Science?

A Ph.D. is the highest degree in computer science . Doctoral students focus their training in particular specialty areas, conduct research with faculty advisors, and defend dissertations. Earning a doctorate in computer science takes 4-5 years. After completing their degrees, graduates commonly work in tech, biomedicine, business, and academia.

Computer science doctoral students strengthen their problem-solving, analytical, and research abilities. The degree requires exceptional computing and technology skills. Related programs with slightly different focus areas include computer engineering and computer information systems .

Who Should Pursue a Computer Science Ph.D.?

Doctoral programs require a significant commitment of time and effort. Most Ph.D. computer science programs take around five years, and some career paths, including academia, offer lower salaries than private sector jobs. Before applying to doctoral degrees, candidates should make sure their professional goals and personal attributes fit their prospective programs.

A Ph.D. in computer science trains graduate students for research-heavy and academic positions. Doctoral graduates can work as computer science professors, computer and information research scientists, and senior computer scientists.

Many tech careers do not require a Ph.D. in computer science. Consider other professional paths like computer engineering , web development , and software engineering .

What Are the Job Opportunities After a Ph.D. in Computer Science?

Computer and information technology jobs report faster-than-average projected job growth rates and significantly above-average median annual wages, according to data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics . In May 2020, tech jobs paid more than double the national median annual wage.

As a result, computer science careers offer a strong job outlook, and an advanced degree in computer science often yields greater responsibilities and higher earning potential. Professionals with Ph.D. degrees in computer science can move into academic, research, and leadership positions.

Computer and Information Research Scientists

Postsecondary teacher, how much does a ph.d. in computer science make.

Computer science professionals earn a range of salaries depending on their career paths and industries. Doctoral degree-holders commonly work as computer and information research scientists, senior software engineers, computer science managers, chief technology officers, and computer science professors.

Professionals with Ph.D. degrees in computer science can earn median salaries between $85,000-$127,000 per year. The table below introduces common career paths, median salary data, and projected job growth.

$126,830 Median Salary

15% Job Growth (2019-2029)

Source: BLS

Postsecondary Computer Science Teachers

$85,540 Median Salary

3% Job Growth (2019-2029)

— Is It Worth Getting a Ph.D. in Computer Science?

Computer science professionals with Ph.D. degrees earn high salaries and qualify for academic and research roles that either require or prefer a doctorate. When weighing whether a computer science Ph.D. makes sense, prospective students should consider whether their career goals require a doctorate.

Other factors to consider include opportunity cost, actual cost, and potential outcomes after completing a Ph.D. Is a Ph.D. in computer science worth it? The answer depends on each person’s unique circumstances.

Financial Considerations of a Ph.D. in Computer Science

Earning a doctorate often means spending several years out of the workforce. Does it make financial sense for tech professionals to pursue Ph.D. degrees? A doctorate opens doors for high-paying careers as computer scientists, computer science professors, and chief technology officers.

Prospective students can lower the cost of their degree by applying for scholarships and researching fellowship and assistantship opportunities. An online Ph.D. program may offer greater flexibility for professionals who want to continue working while earning their degrees.

Admission Requirements for a Computer Science Ph.D.

Prospective Ph.D. computer science students must meet several admission requirements. At most universities, each candidate needs a minimum of a bachelor’s degree in computer science or a related field. The most competitive programs may recommend a master’s degree in computer science .

Each applicant typically submits their GRE scores, letters of recommendation, a resume, and a statement of purpose. International applicants generally need Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL) or other English language proficiency exam scores. Because admission requirements vary by university, applicants should carefully review the process at each prospective school.

What Is Required for a Ph.D. in Computer Science?

Which country is best for pursuing a ph.d. in computer science.

Universities around the world offer Ph.D. in computer science programs. Where should prospective doctoral students earn their degrees? The answer depends on several factors, including location, career goals, and specialization.

Computer scientists interested in working internationally may benefit from earning degrees in the country where they plan to work, while American computer science programs may offer stronger domestic networking and career possibilities.

What to Expect in a Doctoral Program in Computer Science

Computer science Ph.D. programs prepare graduates for advanced roles. During their first year, Ph.D. students often complete required courses that provide in-depth knowledge of advanced computer science theories and applications.

Common graduate-level computer science courses cover computer systems, machine learning, databases, artificial intelligence, and data visualization. Some programs allow students to test out of core course requirements if they demonstrate graduate-level experience.

In addition to coursework, doctoral students must pass comprehensive examinations to demonstrate their mastery of computer science and move into the candidacy phase of their degrees. As doctoral candidates, they conduct dissertation research under faculty advisor supervision. A doctoral candidate completes their Ph.D. after defending their dissertation before a faculty committee.

Some programs also incorporate teaching experience or an internship. Graduate teaching assistants help professors with grading or leading discussion sections. A computer science internship builds real-world skills and helps doctoral candidates expand their professional networks.

How Long Is a Ph.D. in Computer Science?

A graduate student typically spends 4-5 years earning a Ph.D. in computer science. During that time, they complete coursework, pass comprehensive examinations, and conduct dissertation research. At the conclusion of the program, doctoral candidates defend their dissertations.

Most computer science programs operate full time, but many also offer part-time enrollment options. In a part-time program, students take a lower course load and may spend several additional years earning their degrees.

Computer Science Concentrations

During a computer science Ph.D., doctoral students choose concentrations to focus their studies. This specialization shapes their coursework requirements, choice of faculty advisor, and the material covered on comprehensive exams. In addition to the common computer science concentrations listed below, doctoral students can design custom concentrations based on their interests and career goals.

Algorithmic Fairness and Data Privacy

Algorithms aggregate data about people’s lives. In this concentration, doctoral candidates examine the intersection between algorithms as tools and the role of fairness and data privacy.

Artificial Intelligence

Enrollees in this focus explore deep learning, natural language processing, and machine learning. The concentration may include AI in robotics or data analytics coursework.

Computational Biology and Biomedical Informatics

A computational biology or biomedical informatics concentration uses computer science to improve medical outcomes, analyze biological data, and engineer medical technologies. This track requires a strong background in algorithms and machine learning.

Computer Architecture

Computer architecture explores the intersection between software and hardware systems. Doctoral candidates examine advanced theoretical approaches to computer and network architecture, including memory management and data output.

Computer Graphics, Animation, and Computational Physics

Computer animation relies on advanced knowledge of computational physics to simulate motion and model shapes. This concentration focuses on graphics and animation skills that require advanced computer science techniques.

Programming Languages and Logics

Computer science researchers develop new programming languages. In this concentration, doctoral students examine the structure and logic behind programming languages to improve existing languages or create new ones.

Software Systems

A software systems concentration prepares graduates for advanced positions in software development, including academia and applied roles. This track emphasizes software systems techniques and practical applications of computing systems.

Accreditation for Computer Science Programs

Prospective computer science Ph.D. students should research program and college accreditation when considering computer science degrees. Accredited colleges meet high standards for educating students and granting degrees. An accredited degree fulfills the requirements for professional licenses and certifications.

In addition to college accreditation, the top computer science programs hold accreditation from programmatic accrediting agencies. These agencies evaluate computer science programs on their faculty qualifications, student learning outcomes, and degree requirements. The Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology grants accreditation to computer science programs.

Interview With an Expert

Dr. Siming Liu

Dr. Siming Liu is an assistant professor in the Department of Computer Science at Missouri State University . He obtained his Ph.D. in artificial intelligence in games at the University of Nevada, Reno in 2015. The focus of Dr. Liu’s scientific curiosity is in computational intelligence, artificial intelligence, and machine learning, with applications in computer games and simulations. He is currently working on using reinforcement learning and evolutionary algorithms to build AI players for a variety of games (real-time strategy games, puzzle games, fighting games, racing games, sandbox games, etc).

Where did you get your Ph.D. in computer science?

I received my Ph.D. in computer science from the University of Nevada, Reno in 2015.

Why did you choose to study computer science?

When I was in middle school back in the early ’90s, I was attracted to computers, where we could create virtual worlds and interact with the characters in these worlds through keyboard and mouse. I then decided to choose computer science as my major in college.

What did you specialize in?

I specialize in artificial intelligence, computational intelligence, machine learning, and optimizations.

What do you do for a career now?

I’m currently an assistant professor in the Department of Computer Science at Missouri State University. I work with graduate and undergraduate students on a variety of research projects in the field of constructing AI players to compete with human players and other AI players on different games and simulations. My long-term career goal is to be a successful researcher and educator at Missouri State.

What advice do you have for someone considering pursuing a Ph.D. in computer science?

For someone interested in a Ph.D. in computer science, I would say a Ph.D. can be extremely rewarding and a lot of fun, but it also means a great deal of dedication and hard work for a long duration. Unless you have a strong passion for the problems you are working on, you will not finish the Ph.D.

If you decide to apply to a Ph.D. program, I would recommend you to look into different universities and different Ph.D. advisors — their current research projects and their recent publications — before applying. Carefully review the Ph.D. advisors whose research topics interest you the most and contact them before you apply in order to introduce yourself and show your enthusiasm for the research.

Frequently Asked Questions

Is it worth getting a ph.d. in computer science.

A Ph.D. program can open new pathways and career advancement for roles in academia, research, and leadership. However, it depends on your career goals.

Professionals with computer science Ph.D. degrees earn above-average salaries. In 2020, computer and information research scientists reported a median salary of over $126,000 .

Each applicant needs a bachelor’s or master’s degree to gain admission to a Ph.D. program. Doctoral students must take courses, pass comprehensive exams, and defend dissertations.

Genevieve Carlton

Genevieve Carlton holds a Ph.D. in history from Northwestern University. After earning her doctorate in early modern European history, Carlton worked as an assistant professor of history at the University of Louisville, where she developed new courses on the history of science, Renaissance Italy, and the witch trials. Carlton has published five peer-reviewed articles in top presses and a monograph with the University of Chicago Press. She also earned tenure with a unanimous vote before relocating to Seattle. Learn more about Carlton’s work at genevievecarlton.com .

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Is a PhD in Computer Science Worth It in 2024?

As applicants dutifully craft their graduate school statements of purpose and tailor their applications in hopes of acceptance, a fundamental question lingers – is pursing a PhD in Computer Science truly worth the immense investment of time, money and effort in 2024 and beyond? While a PhD opens doors to prestigious academic research positions and confers the highest academic credential, the opportunity costs and uncertainty surrounding the job market, particularly for new PhDs, are substantial. In this post, we’ll explore both sides of the “Is a PhD in computer science worth it?: question through rigorous analysis of admissions trends, employment outcomes, earning potential and quality of life considerations. Our goal is not to make the decision for you, but to present our perspective on the ROI of a PhD in computer science in today’s rapidly changing technological and economic landscape to help inform your choice.

Navigating the Digital Frontier

In the rapidly evolving digital era, asking the questions: “Is a PhD in Computer Science worth it in 2024?” is a highly relevant question. The decision isn’t trivial, as it involves considering both the significant time and financial investments required for doctoral studies.

One must consider the technological advancements and the increasing demand for advanced skills in artificial intelligence, machine learning, data science, cybersecurity, and other specialized areas of computer science. For example, breakthroughs in AI and machine learning have opened up new avenues of research and practical applications, from self-driving cars to predictive analytics in healthcare, necessitating a deeper understanding that often a PhD education can provide.

At the same time, cybersecurity threats have become more sophisticated, requiring advanced expertise to design robust security systems. Furthermore, the rise in big data has created an escalating demand for data scientists capable of analyzing and interpreting complex sets of information.

Weighing the Pros and Cons

However, if you are asking yourself “Is a PhD in computer science worth it?” there are compelling arguments against pursuing a PhD in Computer Science in 2024. The time commitment is significant, often requiring 4-5 years of dedicated study beyond a master’s degree. This time could otherwise be used to gain practical experience in the industry and climb the career ladder. As rapidly as technology evolves, there is a risk that the specific area of research chosen at the start of a PhD might become obsolete by the time the degree is completed. Moreover, the financial return on investment isn’t always guaranteed.

According to Payscale, the average salary for a PhD in Computer Science is approximately $139,000 per year, while a Software Engineer with a bachelor’s degree and five-plus years of experience can potentially earn around the same salary or even more . Also, the increasing availability and quality of online learning platforms and bootcamps provide cheaper and faster alternatives to acquire advanced skills in AI, machine learning, data science, and cybersecurity, challenging the exclusivity of PhD programs for high-level education in these fields.

While these arguments against pursuing a PhD in Computer Science may hold weight, there are still valid reasons for considering this advanced degree.

A PhD in Computer Science does not merely represent the pinnacle of formal education in the field but serves as a conduit to an expansive realm of opportunities and intellectual challenges that go beyond the conventional. It is a journey that encourages the exploration of uncharted territories in technology, the creation of new knowledge, the refinement of existing theories, and the chance to contribute significantly to the evolution of computer science.

Today, the motivations for undertaking this rigorous academic expedition are as diverse as the subject itself. For some, a PhD serves as a stepping stone into academia, a platform from which they can educate future generations of tech enthusiasts and drive forward the boundaries of research. Others are drawn to the comprehensive understanding and mastery of a specific topic that a PhD provides, skills that are highly sought after in a competitive job market.

In an era where technology is rapidly evolving and its impact on society is profound, a PhD also offers the privilege to influence this trajectory and address significant societal challenges. The question then arises, do these motivations still hold true in 2024?

The answer seems to be a resounding yes. As the pace of technological advancement accelerates, the demand for experts capable of navigating and shaping this landscape grows. A PhD in Computer Science continues to open doors to exciting careers in academia, research, and the tech industry while offering the personal satisfaction of an in-depth understanding of the field.

ROI of a PhD

The return on investment (ROI) of a PhD in Computer Science versus a career as a software engineer depends heavily on several factors, including career goals, job market dynamics, and personal interests. On a strictly financial basis, the ROI for a software engineer can be more immediately rewarding in the short and medium-term. Nonetheless, a PhD can offer non-monetary rewards such as personal fulfillment, academic influence, and a deeper understanding of specific areas in the field. Therefore, when evaluating the ROI of a PhD, it is crucial to consider both financial and non-financial returns, as well as individual career aspirations.

Job opportunities

For many, the important question: Is a PhD in computer science worth it? is embedded in career considerations. When it comes to job opportunities, the career paths available to master’s-level graduates and PhD holders diverge significantly, shaped by the educational focus of each degree. Master’s graduates, particularly in computer science, often find themselves in high-demand industry roles like software developers, data scientists, or systems analysts, where they can apply their technical skills and theoretical knowledge directly. Industry demand for such roles is burgeoning with the increasing digitisation of our world and the pivotal role technology plays across sectors.

On the other hand, PhD graduates, equipped with a deeper proficiency and specialisation in their field of study, often find opportunities in academia or research-intensive roles. They contribute to cutting-edge advancements in their field, often as research scientists or professors. The demand in academia, however, does not mirror the explosive growth seen in the industry. The number of academic positions is often limited, creating a highly competitive environment.

However, industry opportunities for PhD holders are on the rise, particularly in sectors like technology, pharmaceuticals, and finance, where research and development are critical. These roles often offer the chance to work on challenging problems, pushing the boundaries of what’s possible in their field.

Consequently, the choice between a master’s or a PhD should hinge on individual career aspirations, whether they lean towards immediate application of skills in industry roles or contributing to the knowledge pool with intensive research.

Lifestyle considerations

When contemplating lifestyle considerations between pursuing a PhD or opting for a career in software engineering, it is crucial to recognise the distinct challenges and rewards each path presents. The PhD journey can be a long and arduous one, often requiring a significant investment of time and intellectual effort over several years. It involves long hours of intensive research, extensive reading, and rigorous academic writing, often with little financial remuneration. Stress levels can be high due to the pressure to publish and uncertain job prospects. The work-life balance can be skewed, with late-night study sessions and minimal time for leisure or family.

However, a PhD can also be immensely rewarding. It offers the chance to delve deeply into a topic of interest, contribute to the body of knowledge in a field, and might lead to a career in academia or high-level research, impacting the future of science, technology, or society.

On the other hand, a software engineering career, while also demanding, provides immediate financial benefits and stability. Work hours in software engineering can be long, especially during project sprints, but they are often compensated by competitive salary packages, comprehensive benefits, and a more predictable work schedule. Stress in this career can stem from tight deadlines, demanding clients, or technical challenges, but the satisfaction of solving problems, seeing tangible results from one’s work, and potential for rapid career advancement can offset these pressures. The work-life balance might be more manageable, with more time for personal pursuits and family. However, it’s worth noting that software engineering does not offer the same depth of specialization or potential for academic contribution as a PhD. Consequently, the choice between these paths should be guided by one’s personal and professional goals, financial needs, and lifestyle preferences.

Alternatives to a PhD

While a PhD offers extensive knowledge and research opportunities, it’s not the only path to gain expertise in fields like AI and ML. A master’s degree in computer science or data science can also provide a solid foundation in these areas and provide a satisfying answer to the “Is a PhD in computer science worth it?” question for many prospective students.

Master’s programs are typically shorter in duration and more application-focused, making them a practical choice for those aiming to enter the industry swiftly. They often allow students to specialize in a sub-discipline, such as AI or ML, and provide hands-on experience through projects and internships.

Further, many prestigious universities and organizations offer online courses on platforms like Coursera, edX, and Udacity. These courses, often taught by industry experts, offer flexible learning schedules and are a cost-effective way to gain knowledge in specific areas. They also provide certificates upon completion, which can enhance your professional profile. For those contemplating a career switch, these options could be valuable.

Bootcamps, intensive training programs that teach coding and data skills, are another alternative. They provide focused, practical training in a short time frame, enabling career transitions into tech roles. However, it’s important to note that while these alternatives can provide the necessary technical skills, the depth of knowledge and research experience that a PhD offers might still be required for certain roles, particularly those in research and academia.

Individual factors

Individual factors play a critical role in determining whether pursuing a PhD is the right choice. First and foremost, personal interest and intellectual curiosity cannot be discounted. A PhD is a rigorous and intensive endeavor, often requiring several years of study, and success in such a program often hinges on having a genuine passion for the subject matter. Those who derive satisfaction from conducting original research and contributing new knowledge to their field may find a PhD to be immensely rewarding.

Additionally, a person’s career aspirations greatly influence the value of a PhD. Those aiming for high-level research roles, faculty positions, or leadership roles in certain technical industries might find a PhD essential, as it provides a level of depth and specialization that’s often sought in these positions.

Conversely, for those interested in roles that prioritize practical skills and immediate application, alternatives like master’s programs or bootcamps might be more beneficial. Furthermore, individual skill sets and learning styles can also impact this decision. A PhD program requires a high level of independence, critical thinking, and resilience in the face of challenges and setbacks. Those who thrive in this type of environment may find a PhD program to be a good fit.

What to look for when choosing a PhD in computer science

When choosing a PhD in computer science, several important factors should be taken into account. The reputation and academic rigor of the institution and program are paramount; they not only affect the quality of education you’ll receive but also how your degree is perceived in the academic and professional community. Look at the university’s research output, faculty expertise, and alumni success to gauge this. Faculty members play a critical role in your doctoral journey; their research interests should align with yours, and they should be open to mentoring students.

The department’s resources, including research facilities and funding opportunities, can greatly impact your PhD experience. Having access to advanced technology and software, research funding, and opportunities to attend conferences or workshops, can enhance your learning and research.

Program curriculum is another important consideration; it should provide a balance of breadth and depth, covering fundamental courses and allowing specialization in your area of interest.

The program’s time length is another factor to consider; a PhD can take anywhere from 3 to 6 years, depending on the program and your pace of study. Evaluating these considerations can help you identify a program that aligns with your career goals and provide a strong foundation for your future in computer science.

How difficult is it to get admitted?

Securing admission into a PhD in Computer Science program in 2024 is anticipated to be quite challenging, given the increasing competition and stringent selection criteria. The surge in the demand for computer scientists, fueled by rapid technological advancements, has led to a rise in applications for such programs.

Universities are looking for candidates with a solid foundation in computer science fundamentals, combined with research experience and potential. Most require a master’s degree in computer science or a related field, although some do admit exceptional candidates with only a bachelor’s degree.

Apart from academic qualifications, universities consider the candidate’s GRE scores, letters of recommendation, research statement, and personal statement. Strong letters of recommendation that attest to the candidate’s research prowess can significantly enhance the application. A well-articulated research statement that aligns with the research interests of the faculty can also make a compelling case for admission. The personal statement should reflect the candidate’s passion for computer science and demonstrate their commitment to contributing to the field.

An applicant’s publications and participation in research projects or internships can further strengthen the application.

In essence, a combination of academic excellence, research experience, and a compelling personal narrative are crucial in securing admission into a computer science PhD program in 2024.

Making the decision: Don’t do it alone

Navigating the complex decision-making process around pursuing a PhD in computer science in 2024 can be significantly eased by seeking the guidance of mentors and experienced individuals in the field. These individuals, be they professors, seniors in academia, industry professionals, or career counselors, can provide a wealth of insights about the current trends, future prospects, and implicit challenges of a career in computer science research. They can assist in evaluating the alignment between individual career aspirations, academic interests, and the commitment required for a doctorate.

Furthermore, mentors can play a pivotal role in strengthening your application process. They can provide feedback on your research statement, help articulate your personal narrative, and might offer invaluable letters of recommendation. The benefits of seeking such mentorship are multifold – from making an informed decision about your future to gaining a competitive edge in the admission process. In a field as dynamic and rapidly evolving as computer science, such mentorship could make the crucial difference between merely surviving and truly thriving in your academic journey.

In conclusion, pursuing a PhD in computer science is not a decision to be taken lightly. While it can open doors to prestigious academic positions and comes with the title of highest academic credential, there are significant opportunity costs and job market uncertainties to consider. However, after delving into admissions trends, employment outcomes, earning potential, and quality of life considerations, it’s clear that a doctoral degree in computer science is still a valuable investment in 2024 and beyond. Ultimately, the choice rests on whether one is truly passionate about research and the advancements of technology, as well as their individual career aspirations.

We hope this post has provided insight into both sides of the argument if you have have been wondeing “Is a PhD in computer science worth it?” and helped guide your decision-making process. Remember, our goal is not to make the decision for you but provide valuable information to empower you in making an informed choice. If you decide that a PhD in computer science is the right path for you, be sure to check out our PhD application services for personalized guidance and support on your journey towards a fulfilling and rewarding career in academia or industry. As always, keep exploring, stay curious, and never stop learning!

With a Master’s from McGill University and a Ph.D. from New York University, Dr. Philippe Barr is the founder of The Admit Lab . As a tenure-track professor, Dr. Barr spent a decade teaching and serving on several graduate admission committees at UNC-Chapel Hill before turning to full-time consulting. With more than seven years of experience as a graduate school admissions consultant, Dr. Barr has stewarded the candidate journey across multiple master’s and Ph.D. programs and helped hundreds of students get admitted to top-tier graduate programs all over the world .

Subscribe to my YouTube Channel for weekly tutorials on navigating the PhD application process and live Q&A sessions!

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I’m so glad you pointed out how after you’ve whittled down your list of suitable programs, it’s critical to conduct in-depth research on each one’s curriculum and faculty. I can see how it’s important to verify the faculty members’ field-specific knowledge and experience, as well as how closely their research relates to your interests. This will be shared with my mom who is thinking of finally getting her doctorate degree after ten years. It’s always been her dream so I hope she finds the perfect university.

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Online PhD in Computer Science Guide | Salary & Requirements 2024

Phd in computer science overview.

The field of computer science has seen exponential growth in the last decade as web-based apps and media platforms continue to grow. An online Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) degree in Computer Science prepares graduates for some of the highest-paying positions in the nation with technology firms of varying sizes.  

As industries continue to adopt digital technologies, the demand for graduates with postsecondary degrees in the field of computer science remains steady. Businesses like Google and Microsoft continue to hire web developers, coders, and other computer science specialists to manage their web-based platforms/services. 

What Is Computer Science?

As a computer science professional, your job is to: 

• Observe, listen to, and communicate with clients
• Python, HTML, Java, C++ and more
• Offer strategies to ensure the functionality of web-based platforms
• Collaborate with UX specialists to ensure website functionality 

Depending on the industry or client, computer science specialists may work in-house or be contracted externally. 

What Can I Do With An Online PhD in Computer Science?

There are many viable career options for professionals with an online PhD in Computer Science. At tech corporations, start-ups, and in higher education, computer science professionals:

• Develop software
• Maintain data systems 
• Teach students coding theory
• Complete programmatic updates
• Maintain server security

Professionals with an online PhD in Computer Science provide in-demand services that continue to increase in value as countless entities adopt web-based platforms for business and internal use. 

Others who graduate with a PhD in Computer Science end up working in academia as a PhD satisfies minimum requirements for many colleges and universities. 

PhD in Computer Science Salaries and Career Outlook

Graduates with a PhD in Computer Science may pursue careers as:

• College Professors
• Computer Science Specialists
• Database Managers
• Research & Development 

Job growth in the computer science career field can vary depending on the position, and graduates should note that these statistics are reflections of the current job market that can fluctuate over time. 

Computer Science PhD Career Paths 

• Median Salary: $85,540 
• Career Outlook: +7% (2020-2030)

Professors that teach computer science at the university level conduct courses in coding, software design, and database management.

• Median Salary: $126,830 
• Career Outlook: +22% (2020-2030)

Professionals in this field to develop new software and improve on existing platforms to improve user experience and efficiency.

• Median Salary: $116,780 
• Career Outlook: +5% (2020-2030)

Network architects help organizations manage their local-area networks and wide-area networks.

• Median Salary: $110,140 

Software developers create computer programs/applications and work closely with UX specialists to provide iterative updates that address bugs/create efficiencies. 

Source: BLS

Earning A PhD in Computer Science

An online PhD in Computer Science typically takes between 4-5 years to complete. It’s always smart to research in-person and online formats to find the program that fits your schedule. 

Aspiring PhD students should consider admissions requirements, areas of specialization, and cost to ensure the program they choose fits their goals and lifestyle.

Pros And Cons Of PhD in Computer Science

Time, cost, and job placement are important factors to review when looking for a PhD program. Compared to a master’s degree in computer science, a PhD in Computer Science allows graduate students to gain access to higher-paying, upper-level positions in the tech and academic fields.

Due to the flexibility offered with an online program, doctoral students have the opportunity to complete their degree with sometimes little to no impact on their current day job.

Coursework In PhD in Computer Science Programs

Most classes included in computer science programs align with industry standards. Classes like Computer Languages, and Database Design, and Machine Learning provide students with a wide range of knowledge and skills to help them operate in a variety of roles post-graduation. 

Courses often include topics like data management, robotics, artificial intelligence, and software development. As a prerequisite to many of these classes, general knowledge of computer science and hardware can help students prepare for PhD-level coursework. 

Computer science graduate programs typically culminate in a research project. 

Skills Learned In PhD in Computer Science

With a PhD in Computer Science, graduates enter the workforce with a wide range of industry-specific skills. These programs build skills such as:

• Writing and improving code
• Website generation
• Advanced software engineering
• Communication
• Troubleshooting
• Operational functionality 
• Systems maintenance

How Long Does It Take To Get A PhD in Computer Science?

Some PhD programs take four years to complete, while others take up to five years. Most programs usually require 90 credit hours, including electives and the Teaching Assistantship requirement.

Factors that impact the length of a degree program include:

• Prior education (Master’s in Computer Science preferred)
• Accelerated course availability
• Synchronous vs asynchronous learning
• Part-time vs. full-time course loads

Choosing The Best PhD in Computer Science

There are many ways to earn a PhD in Computer Science. For example, you can choose to study online, in-person, or through a hybrid of both options. You may want to earn additional certifications and licenses, depending on your specialization or field of interest. This section explores the different options available for future computer science students. 

Online vs In-Person Graduate Degrees

Potential computer science PhD applicants have options depending on their current schedule and employment status. Applicants should be aware that there are many online programs to choose from. 

• Online learning offers flexibility, though on-campus learning can provide additional networking opportunities that may improve the job search post-graduation. 
• On-campus, students learn interpersonal skills that benefit them in professional settings. 
• If students choose to study online, this can be a great way to balance a job while completing the doctoral program. 

There is no right option between the two, though most doctoral students likely prefer one option over the other.

10 Best Schools With Degrees in Computer Science

• Massachusetts Institute of Technology
• Brown University
• Cornell University
• Stanford University
• Carnegie Mellon University
• Dartmouth College
• Columbia University in the City of New York
• University of Pennsylvania
• University of California – Berkeley
• Duke University

If you’re looking for other schools that offer online degrees in computer science, check out the Find Your Perfect “U” tool. You can search over 6,000 colleges and universities with 11 different filters to find the  perfect school for you !

How Long Does It Take To Complete An Online Course? 

Depending on the type of online course, student experiences can vary. If courses are taught synchronously, then students must attend online lectures and labs at set times. Hybrid courses offer a combination of online lectures and in-person lab time, ideal for students looking to acquire skills needed to work post-graduation. 

If a course is taught asynchronously, students can watch lectures and study with flexibility. Alternatively, certificate programs offer accelerated online courses that condense the subject matter into 3-6 week increments. 

Licensure and Certification

Many computer science positions prefer and potentially require applicants to have a license and/or certification (especially for PhD grads). Prospective students should be sure to research their intended job prospects to ensure they acquire the appropriate credentials depending on the region and type of position they may hold. 

Admissions Requirements 

The first step to applying to any program is to check the admissions requirements to confirm the prerequisite experience needed to qualify. Most information technology programs require:

• Proof of completion of a 4-year  bachelor’s degree  from a regionally accredited institution
• Minimum GPA requirements – These vary depending on the program
• Official Transcript
• GRE test score 
• Application fee
• Letter of Intent
• Letters of recommendation 

It is always a good idea to submit applications to schools with varying rates of acceptance. You should also diversify your application list and include schools with high and low rates of admission.  

Paying For A PhD in Computer Science

The cost of an  online PhD in Computer Science  varies depending on a range of factors. In-state tuition tends to be much cheaper than out-of-state, so be sure to apply to programs locally if cost is a determining factor. 

Online programs can be more cost-effective and accessible than in-person programs, providing applicants with options depending on their prior obligations. Some online programs also extend in-state tuition rates to all students regardless of where they live.

Lastly, colleges, universities, and organizations offer scholarships that are merit or need-based that can help minimize the financial impact of going to school.

Scholarships

There are  many scholarship  options for students in the field of computer science. Here are a few: 

• Generation Google Scholarship
• Richard E Merwin Student Scholarship
• IEEE Presidents Scholarship

Computer Science Career Resources

Online computer science phd faqs.

• Due to the web-based nature of the IT sector, pursuing an online PhD in Computer Science is a lucrative alternative to in-person education. Market projections for job growth and compensation are very positive. 
• Professionals with a PhD in Computer Science can expect to make upwards of $80,000 post-graduation, with some roles grossing up to $200,000 annually. 
• A PhD is a lengthy,  intense, and challenging ordeal. Potential applicants should think about the time and financial commitment before applying to a program. 
• After receiving a PhD in Computer Science, graduates can enter the workforce immediately at top tech firms, internally at fortune corporations, and in the academic field in a teaching capacity.  

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• Payscale.com
• https://upe.acm.org/
• https://www.computer.org/
• https://www.bls.gov/ooh/computer-and-information-technology/home.htm
• https://cse.gatech.edu/academics/computer-science-phd-program
• https://www.cs.ubc.ca/students/grad/prospective-grads/grad-programs/phd-track-msc-program

Is a PhD in Computer Science Worth It? [2024 Guide]

Is a PhD in computer science worth it? If you want the opportunity to engage in in-depth study of computing topics, conduct original research, and prepare for a job in the field of technology, then a doctoral degree in computer science may be the right fit for you.

Editorial Listing ShortCode:

Computer science experts use research and theories to fuel practical technology developments that make life safer and easier. If that idea intrigues you, then it may be time to enroll in a traditional or online computer science PhD program .

Is a PhD in Computer Science Worth It?

Yes, a PhD in computer science is worth it for many students. The Bureau of Labor Statistics is projecting 5% job growth in computer and information technology occupations over the next 10 years.

Common computer science careers in this field include:

• Computer and information research scientist
• Postsecondary teacher
• Software developer
• Computer and information systems manager
• Computer network architect

Technology is a continually growing industry. Working in this ever-evolving sector can be exciting, and earning a PhD may give you even more opportunities to explore (and even make) cutting-edge developments in the field.

Databases, software programs, and hardware systems can work together to solve real-world problems. The work that you do may offer solutions to serious issues in fields like medicine, education, and agriculture.

With a doctoral degree, you may qualify for top leadership roles at technology companies and other organizations. Your advanced online computer science degree may even earn you a title like chief technology officer or chief information officer.

A PhD is also usually the best path for those who want to enter academia, filling roles like researcher or professor.

Joining the faculty of a college may give you opportunities to teach others who will go on to make important contributions to the field of computers and technology, and to conduct original research yourself.

How to Decide Whether a PhD in Computer Science is Right for You

Pursuing a doctoral degree involves a commitment of time, money, and brainpower, so it’s important to make sure that it is the right path for you. To decide whether you should return to school for a PhD in computer science, keep in mind your interests and your career goals.

A doctorate in computer science may be right for you if you can relate to some or all of the following:

1. You want to make a lasting contribution to the field of computer science.

PhD programs often focus heavily on research. Not only may you learn about the latest research developments in this field, but you may also receive training on conducting your own scientific studies.

The research and experiments you do may help you invent future technology, write new programming languages, or develop advanced computing theories. Getting a doctorate can help you build a foundation for your scientific endeavors.

2. There’s a particular area of computer science that fascinates you.

In a bachelor’s or master’s degree program, you may have received broad overviews of the computer science field. While you may have enrolled in a specialization track, your program likely covered a large variety of topics.

A PhD program may be your opportunity to really narrow your focus in the field of computer science. You may build your dissertation project around one specific computing topic of your choice and spend years studying it.

3. You have your sights set on a career in academia.

Universities typically want their faculty members to hold doctoral degrees. Particularly if you want to obtain a full-time tenured position, you’ll likely need to earn a PhD first.

Working at a university may allow you to influence up-and-coming leaders in computing. You may also be given opportunities to perform research and involve students as your assistants, and have access to grants to fund your studies.

4. You want to be a corporate leader.

Companies need technology professionals. In corporate settings, the most senior positions (such as IT director or chief technology officer) may be available only to candidates with doctorates.

These may be some of the company’s highest-paying jobs. With a doctoral degree, you may also be in a position to start your own company, and take its leadership into your own hands.

5 Things You Can Do with a PhD in Computer Science Degree

There are a variety of jobs that someone with a PhD in computer science might take on. You may spend your days as a researcher or a university faculty member, or find employment in a corporate setting.

Here are just a few of the careers that someone with a doctorate in computer science might pursue:

1. Computer and Information Research Scientist

As a researcher, you may investigate ways to solve problems through computing or robotics. Your work may center around artificial intelligence, programming languages, cloud computing, or hardware components. Research scientists often collaborate with experts from a variety of disciplines.

Together, you may tackle issues in healthcare, manufacturing, technology, education, business, and other fields. Many research positions are with the federal government. Tech companies and universities also hire computer researchers.

2. Computer and Information Systems Manager

As a professional who is in charge of an organization’s computer-related responsibilities, you may hold a title like IT manager, chief information officer, or cybersecurity director.

As a computer manager, you may have the final word on all issues related to your organization’s computers and networks. Because this is a management position, you may coordinate team members, head up departmental budgets, oversee projects, and negotiate contracts.

3. Computer Network Architect

As a computer network architect, you may plan and build communication systems for computers. Network engineer is another common name for this job.

In this role, you might also be responsible for making system repairs or upgrades. Your extensive knowledge of computers can help you build networks that are as effective and efficient as possible.

Industries like technology, education, insurance, and telecommunications depend on computer network architects.

4. Postsecondary Teacher in Computer Science

College professors pass on their computer knowledge to students. As a faculty member, you may teach undergraduate or graduate students.

You may also head up research projects with the assistance of students. There may be associated responsibilities, such as applying for grants or publishing your findings. Some professors are full-time employees who can obtain tenure. Others teach part time, sometimes holding another job outside the university setting as well.

5. Software Developer

If you have a creative mind that enjoys thinking up new software programs and bringing them to fruition, then you might be interested in being a software developer. Software developers may design individual applications or full-fledged operating systems.

Some software developers work for computer companies. Others are hired by businesses to design proprietary software for particular tasks. Industries that commonly need software developers include insurance and manufacturing.

PhD in Computer Science Degree Alternatives

Although a PhD in computer science might be your first choice for doctoral studies, it’s worth exploring whether there might be a different program that better suits your needs.

• Doctor of Computer Science. This professional doctorate may suit those who want to work in business rather than academia. You may study topics like algorithms and cybersecurity, and may write a dissertation.
• PhD in Informatics. In an informatics program, you may study methods of making data accessible and beneficial. Informatics is often associated with healthcare, but also has applications in art, design, and language.
• PhD in Software Engineering. If building software systems is where your passion lies, then you may find success in a software engineering program. Your work may improve the safety and efficiency of programs.

To determine which of these programs is best for you, you may want to compare curricula and program outcomes.

Computer Science Careers & Salaries

According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics , the average job in computers and technology pays a median salary of $91,250 per year.

Here are a few of the common jobs that someone with a PhD in computer science might pursue, along with their median annual salaries:

These figures reflect median salaries for employees across all levels of education. This means that some of these occupations may only require a bachelor’s degree. However, a graduate degree like a PhD or master’s in computer science is valuable to many students and may allow you to earn even more with a doctoral degree. Pay can also vary widely based on factors like experience and geographic region.

Getting Your PhD in Computer Science Degree Online

Becoming a computer science expert means that you may spend your career on the cutting edge of technological developments. This field offers the potential for high salaries and exciting growth opportunities.

With a PhD in computer science, you might become a researcher, a professor, or an industry leader. Jobs with colleges, government agencies, and corporations are widely available, with more being added every year.

For an education that can help open the door to many different career paths, take a look at the PhD in Computer Science programs that many accredited universities have to offer.

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Why Get a PhD in Computer Science? Your Questions Answered

Updated: June 19, 2024

Published: August 24, 2019

Computer Science is an ever evolving and massively expanding field of study as technology continues to innovate and data grows exponentially. For those highly interested in research, earning your PhD in Computer Science can offer you top level accessibility to become an expert in the field and pursue either a high-level career within the industry or work in academia.

Most people who have completed the doctorate degree advise doing so only if you really love the subject and research. Earning your PhD in Computer Science has many benefits, although there is no doubt that it’s challenging.

Although a doctorate degree is not required to work in the field, it offers other benefits like allowing you to research cutting-edge technology with adequate funding. As with any graduate degree, it takes both time and money to complete, so before deciding to enroll, let’s go more in depth and answer some questions about why you would want to get a PhD in Computer Science.

Source: Unsplash

What is a phd in computer science.

A PhD in Computer Science is the highest level doctorate degree you can earn. Once you finish your undergraduate degree in Computer Science or a related field like Engineering or Applied Mathematics, you can apply for your doctorate degree .

If you didn’t major in Computer Science, then earning your Master’s degree in the subject will help you on your journey for your doctorate degree. Although it is not required to apply for a PhD, having your Master’s degree first is generally preferable.

Most programs require the following, along with a degree, to apply for a PhD:

• Previous research experience
• Letters of recommendation
• A high GPA (about 3.5-4.0)

Program Length

Earning your PhD in Computer Science is not for the faint of heart as it requires a lot of time, energy and perseverance. Although the length of completion depends on your enrollment status of full or part-time, it typically takes 5-6 years to finish.

Opportunities and Challenges

As the top academic achievement within the field, a PhD exposes students to high-level information, as well as some of the hardest challenges facing the world and technology. A PhD grants students the opportunity to perform the research of their choice and explore the topic that interest them the most.

Upon graduation, a PhD student can continue with academia or enter the industry. However, if you want to enter the field as a Computer Programmer, Software Developer or the like, you don’t have to earn a degree at this level as a Bachelor’s degree will suffice. In fact, some jobs may consider a PhD candidate to be too highly qualified, so you’ll want to assess your future goals before enrolling in a PhD program.

One of the benefits of earning this doctorate degree is the freedom you have. Most programs are quite unstructured, meaning that you get to choose what you want to research. Therefore, you can be a leading expert in the field and help to shape policies around artificial intelligence, automation and technologies that are changing the way the world functions.

The deep and rich education can expand your horizons and help you understand ideas and topics that you would never have otherwise considered.

Potential Jobs

Although it is possible to enter the field of Computer Science without a PhD, having the knowledge will expand possibilities and increase your pay.

Some of the job titles that PhD candidates seek include:

Computer and Information Research Scientist:

People in this position help to invent new programming languages that enhance business practices. With the high amount of data, information and research, these scientists can create changes and also assess their impact through analysis.

Database Administrator:

Database administrators organize and secure data against attacks. Those with a PhD can be trusted to understand the complex nature of various systems and be able to better protect them.

Software Developer:

Software developers create systems and software for various uses. Although a PhD is not required to be a software developer, it further enhances one’s understanding.

Computer Science salaries vary based on position type, location and education. However, the overall field of Computer Science is growing. In fact, Computer and Information Research Scientists are expecting much higher than average growth with the discipline expected to increase its demand by 19% between 2016 and 2026. Those with a PhD will increase their salary potential based on their educational accomplishment.

Furthermore, with a PhD in Computer Science, you can go on to be a professor since you’re a leading expert in the field. The demand for jobs within the field is growing, especially regarding cloud computing, data storage, artificial intelligence and information security.

Online Versus Traditional Programs

The reason you choose to earn your PhD in Computer Science is personal, and how you choose to do it is also a subjective choice. It’s hard to say if an online university or traditional onsite program is better or worse because the reasons for choosing to do one or the other are different.

The benefits of an online program include relatively lower costs, more flexibility and greater accessibility. However, an onsite program offers you more opportunity to perform research and work with those in person who are already advancing the field.

For example, some students who earn their Bachelor’s degree in Computer Science online from University of the People may enjoy the online experience and therefore want to continue their studies remotely by earning their PhD online as well.

Earning your undergraduate degree is the first step in moving towards earning your PhD in Computer Science. While the field is always growing and the opportunity for research multiplies, pursuing a PhD in the discipline is an important decision to make. The program generally offers freedom to select your area of interest, but it also takes time and a lot of dedication to complete.

Those who go on to get their PhD should really have an affinity for the subject matter and love to conduct research. It’s also useful to know that it’s typically easier to earn a PhD then enter the field as opposed to working in the field and then going back to earn your PhD.

Any form of higher education will never serve as a detriment as it helps expand your mind, create more networking opportunities and better hone your skills and knowledge regarding specific subject matter.

In this article

At UoPeople, our blog writers are thinkers, researchers, and experts dedicated to curating articles relevant to our mission: making higher education accessible to everyone. Read More

Where To Earn An Online Doctorate in Information Technology In 2024

Updated: Mar 8, 2024, 1:06pm

Pursuing or advancing a career in the tech industry can be highly rewarding and lucrative. This dynamic field stands at the cutting edge of innovation and boasts abundant job opportunities spanning diverse sectors, such as healthcare, education, finance, banking, consulting, automotive, and the government and public sector.

Information technology (IT) encompasses activities related to the use and management of information processing and communication. IT enables businesses and organizations to leverage technology for improved efficiency, competitiveness and innovation. Professionals in this field might pursue a doctorate in information technology to expand their knowledge, expertise and career opportunities.

Earning an online doctorate in information technology can equip you for advanced research positions, including university-level teaching roles and leadership jobs. This article overviews the only two schools that meet our ranking criteria and offer online doctoral degrees in IT. We overview stand-out facts about each program, such as costs, course offerings and other notable considerations.

Why You Can Trust Forbes Advisor Education

Forbes Advisor’s education editors are committed to producing unbiased rankings and informative articles covering online colleges, tech bootcamps and career paths. Our ranking methodologies use data from the National Center for Education Statistics , education providers, and reputable educational and professional organizations. An advisory board of educators and other subject matter experts reviews and verifies our content to bring you trustworthy, up-to-date information. Advertisers do not influence our rankings or editorial content.

• 6,290 accredited, nonprofit colleges and universities analyzed nationwide
• 52 reputable tech bootcamp providers evaluated for our rankings
• All content is fact-checked and updated on an annual basis
• Rankings undergo five rounds of fact-checking
• Only 7.12% of all colleges, universities and bootcamp providers we consider are awarded

Information Technology Doctorate Online Options

University of the cumberlands, middle georgia state university.

At the University of the Cumberlands , based in Williamsburg, Kentucky, you can pursue a Ph.D. in information technology online. The curriculum comprises research, content specialty coursework on predictive analytics and a dissertation.

In this degree program, you’ll explore data science, information governance, big data, cybersecurity, enterprise risk management and technology for a global economy. This program offers seven content specializations, allowing learners to tailor their studies toward their professional interests and goals.

UC’s information technology Ph.D. program costs $549 per credit.

At a Glance

• School Type: Private
• Application Fee: $30
• Degree Credit Requirements: 60 credits
• Program Enrollment Options: Part-time, full-time
• Notable Major-Specific Courses: Information technology importance in strategic planning, data science and big data analytics
• Concentrations Available: Artificial intelligence, blockchain specialization, cyber engineering, data science, digital forensics, information systems security, information technology
• In-Person Requirements: No

Middle Georgia State University , based in Macon, Georgia, offers an online Doctor of Science (D.Sc.) in information technology. The interdisciplinary curriculum comprises doctoral seminars and technology research, leadership and management courses, and focused topics coursework. Specific course offerings include contemporary IT issues, organizational cybersecurity management strategy and statistical analysis for decision making.

Students engage in an applied research project that encourages them to find solutions to complex IT challenges. While all classes take place online, learners must complete brief residences at the beginning and end of the program.

This program costs $255 per credit.

• School Type: Public
• Degree Credit Requirements: 54 credits
• Program Enrollment Options: Full-time
• Notable Major-Specific Courses: Leading disruptive technology in organizations, design thinking and innovation
• Concentrations Available: N/A
• In-Person Requirements: Yes, brief residences at the beginning and end of the program

How To Find the Right Online Doctorate in Information Technology for You

Here’s how to choose the best doctoral program for your IT career goals.

Consider Your Future Goals

Before enrolling in an information technology doctoral program, determine your desired learning outcomes and how they align with your career goals. Generally, doctoral programs cater to individuals interested in pursuing advanced research, leadership roles or careers in academia.

Doctoral programs feature targeted, specialized curriculums comprising core research coursework, specialized electives and a dissertation or applied research component that allows students to explore specific areas within the field in depth.

Look into each prospective program’s curriculum, course offerings and specializations to ensure the degree aligns with your academic and professional interests and goals.

Understand Your Expenses and Financing Options

The cost of earning an online doctorate in information technology can vary drastically from school to school. At the University of the Cumberlands, this degree costs around $33,000 in total tuition; at Middle Georgia State University, it costs around $13,800.

Several financing options exist for students at the doctoral level, including:

• Scholarships
• Research assistantships
• Teaching assistantships
• Fellowships
• Employee sponsorships

You can also look into federal student aid. Submitting the FAFSA ® is a great way to determine your eligibility for federal aid, including loans, scholarships and work-study programs .

Should You Enroll in an Online IT Doctoral Program?

Earning a degree online boasts several advantages, such as accessibility, flexible scheduling options and lower total costs. Still, the unique characteristics and challenges of online education prompt careful consideration. Factors to consider before enrolling in an online IT doctoral program include flexibility, learning style and research opportunities.

Flexibility

Ph.D. programs often demand a significant time commitment. Consider whether you can allocate sufficient time to your studies and meet your prospective program’s expectations. Some programs have residency requirements that require on-campus visits. Degree credit requirements, the scope of your research and the program format can impact the time commitment needed until completion.

Learning Style

Online programs vary in their delivery formats. Asynchronous programs enable students to study at their own pace. Self-directed learners with strong time management and organizational skills might benefit from this format. Students who prefer more structured learning and real-time engagement might benefit from a hybrid or synchronous learning environment.

Research Opportunities

At the doctoral level, it’s common to have a research focus, such as robotics, machine learning, cloud computing, programming, information security or network technologies. A program’s research opportunities, including faculty expertise, ongoing research projects, collaborative projects and research resources, directly impact the quality of your education.

Familiarize yourself with each prospective program’s faculty and their research interests, as well as its research focuses, to find a school that aligns with your professional and academic goals and interests.

The cost of earning an online doctorate in IT can vary significantly. For example, the tuition rates at the two programs on our list highlight the difference in overall costs between public and private institutions. Determining your budget can help you assess the affordability of prospective programs, plan for potential expenses and make informed financial decisions about your education.

Accreditation for Information Technology Doctorates Online

Accreditation is a critical factor to consider when selecting an academic program. Two basic levels of college accreditation exist: institutional and programmatic.

Institutional accreditation is the process by which colleges and universities undergo rigorous review and evaluation to ensure they meet specific quality standards set by third-party organizations. A school’s program offerings, curriculums, faculty qualifications, resources, support services and student outcomes factor into its accreditation status. Use the Council for Higher Education Accreditation ’s directory to see if an institution is accredited.

Programmatic accreditation evaluates specific programs or schools within an institution. The criteria for this level of accreditation depends on the field of study or discipline to ensure they meet industry standards and prepare graduates for careers in their field. Programmatic accreditation is uncommon for IT programs at the doctoral level.

Our Methodology

We scored two accredited, nonprofit colleges offering online IT doctoral degrees in the U.S. using 15 data points in the categories of credibility, affordability, student outcomes and student experience. We pulled data for these categories from reliable resources such as the Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System ; private, third-party data sources; and individual school and program websites. Data is accurate as of November 2023.

We scored schools based on the following categories:

Student Outcomes:

• Overall graduation rate
• Median earnings 10 years after graduation

Affordability:

• In-state graduate tuition
• In-state graduate fees
• Alternative tuition plans
• Median federal student loan debt
• Percentage of students in federal student loan deferment

Student Experience:

• Student-to-faculty ratio
• Socioeconomic diversity
• Program being ranked has 100% coursework available online
• Total number of graduate assistants
• More than 50% of graduate students enrolled in at least some distance education

Credibility:

• Fully accredited
• Nonprofit status
• Programmatic accreditation

We listed the two schools in the U.S. that met our ranking criteria.

Find our full list of methodologies here .

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) About Online Doctorates in Information Technology

Is a ph.d. in information technology worth it.

Earning a Ph.D. in information technology can be worth it, depending on your experience, specialization and career goals. Typically, research-heavy jobs, leadership roles and positions in academia require a Ph.D. in IT.

How long does it take to get a Ph.D. in information technology?

It generally takes between two and five years to complete a Ph.D. in information technology. Several factors can impact the time it takes, such as whether you enroll on a full-time or part-time basis.

Is it possible to get a Ph.D. online?

Yes, it’s possible to earn a Ph.D. online. Many schools have expanded their online offerings, making it possible to pursue a Ph.D. through distance learning. Both programs featured on our list can be completed online.

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Mariah is a Berlin-based writer with six years of experience in writing, localizing and SEO-optimizing short- and long-form content across multiple niches, including higher education, digital marketing and travel. Her writing expertise extends to brand strategies and driving small business growth through targeted content. In the last three years, she's primarily produced education-focused content, writing on topics like degree programs, trade schools and career pathways.

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