essay on importance of newspaper with quotations

Importance of Newspaper Essay for Students and Children

500+ words essay on importance of newspaper.

Newspaper is quite a powerful tool that circulates information to people. It is one of the greatest means of communication between people and the world. In addition, they are also a great medium of knowledge . We get our daily dose of news from newspapers early in the morning. It is quite a reliable source which gives us information only after thoroughly investigating the information.

Newspapers are easily available in the most remote regions as well. They are also very economical which gives an abundance of information at really low cost. Most importantly, newspapers are published in various languages that make it easier for people of all regions to get news in their local language . Thus, we see how newspapers have numerous advantages that help the common man stay informed of the worldly issues.

Significance of Newspaper

The newspaper has created a positive impact on society. It helps people become aware of current affairs and stay curious about them. When the public will question, it means they are aware. This is exactly what a newspaper does. It is also the finest link you can find between the government and its people. Newspapers provide people with every detail no matter how small.

Furthermore, it helps us become informed citizens. Whenever there are any changes in the rules and regulations of the country, newspapers make us aware of them. Moreover, they are very informative for students. A student can learn all about general knowledge and current affairs from here. We stay updated with the technological advancements, government policies, research studies and more.

Other than that, newspapers also have incredible articles that tackle social issues, cultures, arts, and more. It conveys the public opinion to the people on important issues. This will, in turn, help people review the government and ministers well. Similarly, people get great employment opportunities from newspapers. Those seeking jobs look through newspapers to get reliable job opportunities.

In short, the newspaper carries a lot of significance for humans. If we read the newspaper daily, it can develop our reading habit and make us more fluent. It also has mind-brain exercise games like puzzles, Sudoku and more to sharpen people’s brains. Furthermore, you can also go through the comic strips and cartoons to keep yourself entertained.

Get the huge list of more than 500 Essay Topics and Ideas

A World Without Newspapers

As the world is advancing rapidly, everything is becoming digital. From our shopping to news, we can easily do it on our smartphones or computers . This digitization has also affected the newspaper scenario. As people are getting instant updates on their phones about the latest news, the sales of newspapers have gone down massively.

Does this mean the digital era will wipe out the newspapers? Looking at the present scenario, this possibility might soon become a reality. However, are we ready to have a world without newspapers? A world without newspapers is like having a home without mirrors. This means we won’t be able to see our own reflection.

Now, compare this situation to that of the world and newspaper. Imagine the world has lost its national mirror, resulting in you not being able to get an honest reflection of what is happening around. What’s even worse is the fact that instead of the national mirror we are getting a fun-house mirror which is distorting the information and making you see what’s not real.

In short, the world will become a free rein for politicians to propagate their advertising and agendas to the public. The information won’t be reliable and won’t even be scrutinized. We won’t have any journalists to decipher the PR spin of the governments and corporate firms robbing the common man of their money.

FAQs on Newspaper

Q.1 What is the significance of the newspaper?

A.1 Newspapers are very important in giving us information about the world. They make us aware and increase our knowledge about current affairs. They also give us job opportunities.

Q.2 Why are newspaper sales declining?

A.2 As the world is becoming more digital, people are getting news on their phones and computers instantly. Thus, they are opting for digital news over newspapers.

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31 Best Quotes About Newspapers (19th Century — Today)

We fell in love with newspapers in 2017. We launched the Goodnewspaper (a print newspaper filled with good news) right as the rest of the news industry was scaling back its print operations in favor of a more digital approach.

It was a bold risk for our small team. Good news already had a poor track record, with readership numbers always dragging far behind traditional (non-solutions-focused) news. And as the only millennial-run print publication to launch in the United States, it would have been valid to question whether we had any idea what we were doing.

We launched a successful Kickstarter campaign to fund our first print run and we had our debut edition arriving on doorsteps around the world by the end of the year.

More than five years later, we're still producing a beautiful monthly Goodnewspaper filled with hopeful stories, art, and guides on how to take action and make a difference.

While we love sharing articles and resources online (especially our Instagram , newsletter , and this very website ) we've created a special connection with our print readers and feel incredibly proud of what we're able to create with newsprint and ink.

We think there's something special about physically holding and reading a print newspaper. The fact that you somehow came across this article tells us that you might feel the same way.

Over the last few years, we've slowly collected the best quotes about newspapers (and sometimes the news) and we're publishing them here today. Some quotes celebrate newspapers and some take a critical perspective. We hope you find these quotes helpful and insightful. And we also hope you'll try our Goodnewspaper . We've worked hard to make it helpful, affordable, and something you'll be proud to gift as well. Try a (risk-free) subscription today.

The Best Newspaper Quotes

Quotes celebrating newspapers and journalism.

“Newspapers cannot be defined by the second word — paper.  They’ve got to be defined by the first word — news.” — Arthur Sulzberger, Jr.

“Were it left to me to decide if we should have a government without newspapers, or newspapers without a government, I should not hesitate a moment to prefer the latter.” — Thomas Jefferson

“A good newspaper is a nation talking to itself.” — Arthur Miller

“Most of us probably feel we couldn’t be free without newspapers, and that is the real reason we want newspapers to be free.” — Edward R. Murrow

“Every time a newspaper dies, even a bad one, the country moves a little closer to authoritarianism…” — Richard Kluger

“I don't believe newspaper reporters can substitute for a district attorney, but a newspaper has a very valid investigative role. Newspaper reports on corruption in government, racketeering and organized crime conditions can be very helpful to your communities and the whole country.” — Robert Kennedy

“It is usually known that newspapers do not say the truth, but it is also known that they cannot tell whoppers.” — George Orwell

“People don’t actually read newspapers.  They step into them every morning like a hot bath.” — Marshall McLuhan

“I’d love to rise from the grave every ten years or so and go buy a few newspapers.” — Luis Bunuel

“Newspapers are tutors as well as informers.” — Neil Kinnock

“The newspaper is a greater treasure to the people than uncounted millions of gold.” — Henry Ward Beecher

“What a newspaper needs in its news, in its headlines, and on its editorial page is terseness, humor, descriptive power, satire, originality, good literary style, clever condensation, and accuracy, accuracy, accuracy!” — Joseph Pulitzer

Quotes Critiquing Toxicity in the News

“If you don't read the newspaper, you're uninformed. If you read the newspaper, you're mis-informed.” — Mark Twain

“Read not the Times, read the Eternities.” — Thoreau Henry David

“To look at the paper is to raise a seashell to one's ear and to be overwhelmed by the roar of humanity.” — Alain de Botton, The Pleasures and Sorrows of Work

“Newspapers are a bad habit, the reading equivalent of junk food. What happens to me is that I seize upon an issue in the news — the issue is the moral/philosophical, political/intellectual equivalent of a cheeseburger with everything on it; but for the duration of my interest in it, all my other interests are consumed by it, and whatever appetites and capacities I may have had for detachment and reflection are suddenly subordinate to this cheeseburger in my life! I offer this as self-criticism; but what it means to be "political" is that you welcome these obsessions with cheeseburgers — at great cost to the rest of your life.” — John Irving

“If the newspapers begin to publish stories about wars, and the people begin to think and talk of war in their daily conversations, they soon find themselves at war. People get that which their minds dwell upon, and this applies to a group or community or a nation of people, the same as to an individual” ― Andrew Carnegie

“Newspapers are horror happening to other people.” — Nadine Gordimer

“Good newspapers believe in giving a balanced view of the world. Fine. Some people then exploit that belief and use it to balance truth with falsehood.” — Nick Davies

“Newspaper: A device unable to distinguish between a bicycle accident and the collapse of civilization.” — George Bernard Shaw

Funny Newspaper Quotes

“Newspapers abound, and though they have endured decades of decline in readership and influence, they can still form impressive piles if no one takes them out to the trash.”  — Jon Stewart

“It’s amazing that the amount of news that happens in the world every day always just exactly fits the newspaper.” — Jerry Seinfeld

“We read the weird tales in newspapers to crowd out the even weirder stuff inside us.” — Alain de Botton

“A good newspaper is never nearly good enough but a lousy newspaper is a joy forever.” — Garrison Keillor

More Famous Newspaper Quotations

“Newspapers should be read for the study of facts. They should not be allowed to kill the habit of independent thinking.” — Mahatma Gandhi

The Morning Paper by Mary Oliver: “Read one newspaper daily (the morning edition is the best for by evening you now that you at least have lived through another day) and let the disasters, the unbelievable yet approved decisions soak in. I don't need to name the countries, ours among them. What keeps us from falling down, our faces to the ground; ashamed, ashamed?” — Mary Oliver, A Thousand Mornings: Poems

“The best fiction is far more true than any journalism.” ― William Faulkner

“If anything, I get most upset because I wanna read a good paper first thing in the morning. And if I see a lie about myself flash across the front of the cover, I don't think much of the rest of the newspaper.” — Angelina Jolie

“After one has been in prison, it is the small things that one appreciates: being able to take a walk whenever one wants, going into a shop and buying a newspaper, speaking or choosing to remain silent. The simple act of being able to control one's person.” — Nelson Mandela

“A newspaper is a mirror reflecting the public, a mirror more or less defective, but still a mirror.” — Arthur Brisbane

By the way, you might also like:

• Quotes About Good News
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Importance of Newspaper Essay - 100, 200, 500 Words

The newspaper is the most trustworthy and authentic source of information because it only publishes breaking news after conducting thorough research. Early each morning, newspapers are delivered to our home. With a cup of tea in hand, we can read the news and learn what's happening in the world. Newspapers are cost-effective because they provide information at a very low price. They are widely accessible and available in a variety of printed languages. Newspapers, therefore, make it simpler for readers to read the news in their language.

100 Words Essay Importance of Newspaper

200 words essay importance of newspaper, 500 words essay importance of newspaper.

Newspapers play a crucial role in keeping people informed about current events, both locally and globally. They provide comprehensive coverage of news, politics, sports, entertainment, and other topics that are relevant to individuals and society. By reading newspapers, individuals can stay informed and educated about the world around them, and develop a better understanding of the issues that affect their communities and the wider world.

Additionally, newspapers serve as an important platform for voices and perspectives that might not be heard in other media. They also provide an outlet for investigative journalism, which holds those in power accountable and helps to expose wrongdoing. Furthermore, newspapers provide a means for advertisers to reach their target audience, which helps to support local businesses and the economy.

One of the best methods of gaining information is through newspapers. They touch on every sphere of human existence and provide us with the most recent data regarding global progress. They deal with people's social-political, intellectual, and cultural pursuits. They serve as a tool for commercial advertising. A unique section has been set aside for editorial criticism and public commentary. As a result, newspapers bear a significant deal of responsibility. They ought to portray all public affairs honestly.

We can learn about the games and events taking place in other countries through newspapers. We can learn about space technology via newspapers. Newspapers inform us about ways to improve our health through their various articles. We can apply for jobs through various adverts in them. They also provide us with government information and industry-issued bids. The newspaper is a very effective medium for disseminating information.

Newspapers are extremely effective tools. They have numerous adverts that grab clients' attention. To operate a newspaper, advertisements are necessary. Newspapers play a significant role in public opinion changes, which can make or break a government. They also include book reviews written by renowned academics of literary, historical, and other publications. Nearly all regional languages are used to print newspapers.

One of the first forms of information delivery from throughout the globe is the newspaper. It includes news, features, editorials, articles on a range of topical issues, and other material of interest to the general public. The words "NEWS" can also mean "North," "East," "West," and "South" . It implies that news sources from all around are covered by newspapers. Health, war, politics, the economy, the environment, agriculture, education, business, governmental policies, fashion, sports, and entertainment are all covered in the newspaper. It provides local, statewide, and global news.

It is one of the best ways for individuals to communicate with one another and the rest of the globe. They are also an excellent source of knowledge and information. Newspapers delivered early in the morning provide us with our daily news fix. It is a dependable source that only provides us with information after conducting a comprehensive investigation. Thus, it is clear that newspapers have several benefits that assist the average person in keeping up with current events.

Even the most isolated areas have easy access to newspapers. Additionally, they are highly inexpensive, providing a wealth of information at a fairly little cost. Most crucially, newspapers are printed in a variety of languages, making it simpler for individuals worldwide to get news in their tongue. However, newspapers typically play a significant role in promoting literacy.

India's Newspaper Industry History

The name of the first newspaper issued in India was Gazette Bengal. James Augustus Hicky, an Englishman, wrote it in 1780. Other newspapers including the Indian Gazette, Calcutta Gazette, Madras Gazette Courier, and Bombay Herald were published in the years that followed the launch of this one. Following the first Indian independence struggle in 1857, there were more newspapers published in more Indian languages than ever before. India's media landscape had not significantly expanded at the time of this liberation movement. However, the growth of newspapers continued after India attained independence.

The Value of Newspaper

Newspapers encourage people to remain interested in and aware of current events. It serves as the best connection between the country's government and its citizens. People may find every detail, no matter how minor, in newspapers. Newspapers are timeless because they have been able to gain the public's trust through their reliable reporting. In a larger sense, the newspaper contributes significantly to society's upbringing and maintenance of morale and harmony.

Additionally, it aids in our civic education. Newspapers inform us of any modifications to the laws and regulations of the nation. They are also incredibly educational for students. Here, a learner can learn everything there is to know about current events and general information. We keep up with new developments in technology, governmental regulations, academic research, and other things. Newspapers are fantastic informational resources that may be found at home. Everyone must make sure to incorporate reading newspapers into their daily routines. Online sources of information are widely available in today's digital world, however, it is unknown whether they are reliable or real. The publication makes sure to give us confirmed, factual information.

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Great Quotes About Newspapers

Over the course of the ODNP project, I have been collecting historical quotes about newspapers and the newspaper business. I thought this would be a good time to share some of my favorites with readers of the blog… Enjoy!

"Newsboys Of The Street," from Portland Sunday Oregonian, May 22, 1904, p.11

“This is what really happened, reported by a free press to a free people.  It is the raw material of history; it is the story of our own times.” Henry Steel Commager

“Newspapers cannot be defined by the second word—paper.  They’ve got to be defined by the first word—news.” Arthur Sulzberg, Jr.

“A good newspaper is a nation talking to itself.” Arthur Miller

“The newspaper is a greater treasure to the people than uncounted millions of gold.” Henry Ward Beecher

“Were it left to me to decide if we should have a government without newspapers, or newspapers without a government, I should not hesitate a moment to prefer the latter.” Thomas Jefferson

Newspaper typesetter from the era of hand composition. Photo from Morning Oregonian, December 4, 1900, p.15

“Most of us probably feel we couldn’t be free without newspapers, and that is the real reason we want newspapers to be free.” Edward R. Murrow

“People don’t actually read newspapers.  They step into them every morning like a hot bath.” Marshall McLuhan

“Every time a newspaper dies, even a bad one, the country moves a little closer to authoritarianism…” Richard Kluger

“I’d love to rise from the grave every ten years or so and go buy a few newspapers.” Luis Bunuel

“All I know is what I read in the papers.” Will Rogers

16 comments on “ Great Quotes About Newspapers ”

The RICHARD KLUGER quote is frightening as we see newspapers dropping like melting snowflakes. –Warren Bernson Eller

Can you remember a quote about newspapers (or perhaps news) as the second line of history?

Philip Graham said something like, “The newspaper is the first rough draft of history.”

Newspaper is like my morning coffee

Newspaper is like a window to the world

When you read a newspaper you evaluate and make your own decisions about the events surrounding us. There is no underlining tone or an opinionated attitude in the newspaper. When you aren’t interested in a topic, you don’t have to wait until someone is done belaboring the issue. You just turn the page and move on. I love my newspaper.

Hello, Reports in Australian newspapers today (31 May) are carrying the story of the assassination of Arkady Babchenko — yet overnight radio bulletins advised the assassination was a hoax to flush out the would-be assassins. Tomorrow’s newspapers will obviously retract the story. This reminded me of a quote that I read many years agao to the effect that one should not believe any story in a newspaper unless it appears for two days running. Any thoughts who might have said this? It is most appropriate to this story! Regards

Good Rodney Quinn

News is like a sun ,which arises every day, sometimes very hot,sometimes average

“It’s black and white and READ all over!”

Newspaper is the magical stuff of history.

“If you don’t read the newspaper, you’re uninformed. If you read the newspaper, you’re misinformed.” ― Mark Twain

Newspaper is a World’s Mirror

I love the quote about how newspapers must be defined by the word “news”. A lot of people who buy newspapers might assume that anyone getting a digital copy is just young and doesn’t know better. But in all honesty, getting a physical copy or a digital copy is the same, as long as people are consuming the right news from them. https://www.waynecountynews.com/

I heard this, love it, and want to know who said it. Does anyone know? “If you want to know what DOESN’T happen often, read the news.”

“People don’t actually read newspapers. They step into them every morning like a hot bath.” Marshall McLuhan https://crackerbarrel-frontporch.com/

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• How people learn about their local community
• Part 3: The role of newspapers

Table of Contents

• Part 2: The local topics people follow and the information sources they use
• Part 4: The role of local TV news
• Part 5: The role of the internet
• Part 6: Mobile, social networks and apps in the local information landscape
• Part 7: The role of other sources of local information
• Methodology

Perceptions of the importance of local newspapers

The survey indicated that newspapers play a far more complex role in the civic life of communities than many Americans believe.

On the surface, most people do not feel that their local newspaper is a key source that they rely on for local information.  For instance, when asked, “If your local newspaper no longer existed, would that have a major impact, a minor impact, or no impact on your ability to keep up with information and news about your local community?” a large majority of Americans, 69%, believe the death of their local newspaper would have no impact (39%) or only a minor impact (30%) on their ability to get local information.

Younger adults, age 18-29, were especially unconcerned. Fully 75% say their ability to get local information would not be affected in a major way by the absence of their local paper.  The same was true of heavier technology users: 74% of home broadband users say losing their paper would have no impact or only a minor impact on their ability to get local information.

Yet when asked about specific local topics and which sources they rely on for that information, it turns out that many adults are quite reliant on newspapers and their websites. Of the 16 specific local topics queried, newspapers ranked as the most, or tied as the most, relied upon source for 11 of the 16.

Local newspapers continue to be a key information source

Among all adults, newspapers were cited as the most relied-upon source or tied for most relied upon for crime, taxes, local government activities, schools, local politics, local jobs, community/neighborhood events, arts events, zoning information, local social services, and real estate/housing.

This dependence on newspapers for so many local topics sets it apart from all other sources of local news.  The internet, which was cited as the most relied upon source for five of the 16 topics, was a distant second to newspapers in terms of widespread use and value.

This sense from the public that newspapers are a place where they can turn to for information on a wide range of local topics, more so than other sources, confirms findings from other Pew Research Center studies, particularly a report on which news organizations tend to break new information in local news reporting conducted in Baltimore and research on what news is available from different sources produced as part of the State of the News Media 2006 report. 2

The problem for newspapers is that many of these topics are followed by a relatively small percentage of the public. As noted in Part 2 of this report, just 30% of adults get information about zoning, 35% about social services, 42% about local government, and 43% about real estate. Thus, overall, the total number of Americans who rely on newspapers for the local information that matters to them is smaller than is the case for other platforms such as television.   

For instance, 48% of those who get information about taxes turn to newspapers, more than double the percentage who turn to the next most popular platforms, the internet (20%) and TV news (19%).  But when translated as a percentage of all citizens, just 22% of Americans rely on newspapers for tax information. Thus, while newspapers command this subject area, most people simply do not seek out information about the subject of local taxes.

People may be making quite logical choices in this. Past PEJ studies have found that local newspapers typically have 70 to 100 stories a day. The typical half-hour local TV newscast is closer to 15. 3 So it is logical that newspapers would offer coverage of more topics in a community, while television might concentrate on a more limited number that attract the widest audience. Indeed, as PEJ found in a 2006 study, “In local metro dailies, citizens were far more likely to learn about things like taxes, education, zoning commissions and the activities of government than they would in most other media.” 4

This, however, also has implications about what could happen if a newspaper in town were to disappear. If television has focused on covering weather, traffic, and breaking news, and that is what people look to this platform for, will television begin to cover taxes and zoning and education if the local newspaper no longer exists? Would new digital sources emerge to cover the hole if a local newspaper cut back its coverage or vanished altogether? And would the approach of these new sources be fully journalistic in nature?

Newspapers matter less to adults under age 40 as a local information source

Generational preferences add yet another layer of complexity. For adults under age 40, newspapers do not hold nearly the same appeal. Consider this stark difference: among all adults, newspapers are the clear top source for seven local topics (and tied with the internet as the top source for four other topics). Yet, among adults under 40 newspapers are the clear top choice for one topic, taxes, are tied with TV news for another topic, crime, and tie with the internet for four other topic areas. (The specifics of these differences are spelled out in Part 5 of this report.)

For all ages, the strength of newspapers comes from aggregating an audience by offering a wide range of information, even if each subject or story has limited audience. That model may be vital from a civic standpoint, but it is traditionally expensive and it is not clear what the incentive is to replicate it if newspapers were to disappear. 

• The Baltimore study refers to “How News Happens,” a study published by the Project for Excellence in Journalism on January 11, 2010. The study on news availability refers to “A Day in the Life of the Media,” published by PEJ on March 13, 2006 as part of its State of the News Media report. ↩
• “A Day in the Life of the Media,” Project for Excellence in Journalism, March 15, 2006, http://stateofthemedia.org/2006/a-day-in-the-life-of-the-media-intro/newspaper/ ↩

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• Essay On Newspaper

Essay on Newspaper

500+ words essay on newspaper.

The newspaper is one of the oldest means of communication, which provides information from all around the world. It contains news, editorials, features, articles on a variety of current topics and other information of public interest. Sometimes the word NEWS is interpreted as North, East, West and South. It means that the newspapers provide information from everywhere. The newspaper covers topics related to health, war, politics, climate forecast, economy, environment, agriculture, education, business, government policies, fashion, sports entertainment, etc. It covers regional, national and international news.

Here, we have provided an essay on ‘Newspaper’, which will help students to improve their writing section. So, students must try to write a ‘Newspaper Essay’ in English after going through this sample essay . This essay on ‘Newspaper’ will give them ideas on how to organise their thoughts in a structured format to frame a good essay.

The newspaper is the most authentic and reliable source of information as it only prints the news after proper investigation. Newspapers are delivered to our doorstep early in the morning. We can read the news by having a cup of tea and get to know what is going on around the world. Newspapers are economical as we get information at a very low cost. They are easily available and are also printed in different languages. Thus, newspapers make it easier for people to read news in their native language.

Newspapers cover different columns, and each column is reserved for a particular topic. The employment column provides information related to jobs. This column is very useful for youth who are searching for suitable jobs. Similarly, there are other columns, such as the matrimonial column for finding the perfect match for marriages, a political column for news related to politics, a sports column for analysis and opinion on sports updates, etc. Other than this, there are editorials, readers, and critics’ reviews that provide a wide variety of information.

History of Newspapers in India

The first newspaper to be printed in India was called Gazette Bengal. It was published by an Englishman, James Augustus Hicky in 1780. This newspaper was followed by the publication of other newspapers like the Indian Gazette, Calcutta Gazette, Madras Gazette Courier and Bombay Herald in the coming years. After the first freedom struggle of 1857, the number of newspapers appearing in different languages of India continued to grow. At the time of this freedom struggle, media expansion in India was not large. However, after India became independent, the expansion of newspapers continued.

Importance of Newspaper

A newspaper is an important prerequisite for democracy. It helps in the proper functioning of government bodies by making citizens informed about government work. Newspapers act as powerful public opinion changes. In the absence of a newspaper, we cannot have a true picture of our surroundings. It makes us realise that we are living in a dynamic world of knowledge and learning. Daily reading of the newspaper will help improve English grammar and vocabulary, which is especially helpful for students. It also improves reading skills along with learning skills. Thus, it enhances our knowledge and broadens our vision.

Newspapers contain advertisements which are essential to run a paper. So, along with news, newspapers are also a medium of advertising. Advertisements related to goods, services and recruitment are broadcast. There are also missing, lost-found, and government-release ads. Though these advertisements are useful most of the time, sometimes they result in misleading people. Many big companies and firms also advertise through newspapers to enhance their brand value in the market.

Disadvantages of Newspaper

There are numerous advantages of the newspaper, but on the other side, there are some drawbacks too. Newspapers are a source of exchanging diverse views. So, they can mould the opinion of people in positive and negative ways. Biased articles can cause riots, hatred and disunity. Sometimes immoral advertisements and vulgar pictures printed in the newspaper can severely damage society’s moral values.

Deletion of the vulgar ads and controversial articles removes the above-mentioned demerits of the newspaper to a great extent. Thus, an active reader cannot be misled and deceived by journalism.

Keep learning and stay tuned with BYJU’S for the latest update on CBSE/ICSE/State Board/Competitive Exams. Also, download the BYJU’S App for interactive study videos.

Frequently Asked Questions on Newspaper Essay

Is the newspaper still in use as much as in the earlier days.

Although news feeds and news channels instantly update us on the happenings around us, daily newspapers are very much still in use. Many people still refer to and wait for the news to be updated in these newspapers, even today.

What are the 5 main sections of a newspaper?

The five main sections of a newspaper are national/international news, sports, entertainment/amusement, classified advertisements, and neighbourhood news.

Who invented the newspaper?

Johann Carolus invented the first newspaper in Strasbourg, Germany.

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• Newspaper Essay

Essay on Newspaper

The newspaper refers to a printed publication consisting of a number of large sheets of folded paper and contains news, views, articles, advertisements and other information. It is called the mirror of a nation. It is the natural way of bringing one part of the world to another part of the world. Newspapers always arouse excitement and curiosity and compel people to read on. Newspapers play an important role in a democracy and are the most powerful and effective medium of mass communication. Newspapers have been a very effective tool in keeping ourselves updated about the happenings in different sections of society. 

There are numerous benefits that are associated with reading newspapers. We can develop our general knowledge and engage in the language and vocabulary. Apart from being informative, they are also entertaining with the inclusion of different niches such as fashion and lifestyle. Society derives immense benefits and uses from the newspapers. They are modes of communication that have a very powerful effect on changing the opinions of society. This is derived from the wide circulation and mass readers that they have. Millions of people read newspapers on a daily basis and information can be transferred to many people in a cost-effective manner. The wellbeing of the society is dependent on the freedom of the press. It helps to give a voice to public opinion. We may sometimes argue that they are one-way communication, but they are actually mutually communicative platforms. 

Daily reading a good newspaper is an efficient way of keeping in touch with current affairs. We get in touch with the happenings in the world, whether it is about politics, sports, finance, headlines, etc. Newspapers cater to a huge part of the population. News about politics, Economy, Industry, Finance, Society, Spirituality is already covered in the multiple pages and sections of the newspaper. There is also usually a section for children who are keen on having fun and entertainment. Newspapers are a major source of public demographic rates, such as births, deaths. Reading newspapers helps in improving one’s vocabulary. It helps in enhancing the general knowledge. We get to see the perspectives of a wide range of people. Reading the newspapers is a common breakfast time activity in most households. 

Apart from the news, there is a variety of information to process. Newspapers let us know about cultures, traditions, arts, classical dance, etc. It informs us about the days and dates of various fairs, festivals, occasions and cultural events. It is a collection of news with a series of interesting things to keep us engaged.

In modern times, when everyone is so busy in their daily lives, it is hardly possible for us to get any idea or knowledge about the outer world. So newspapers are the best option to get rid of ignorance. It is beneficial for all spheres like students, businessmen, politicians, sportspeople, teachers, industrialists, etc. 

Earlier, newspapers were published with only briefed news details. Currently, it contains news and views about various subjects. Various newspapers in the market cost differently depending on their news details and popularity in the area. Newspapers serve more than one purpose. It is a messenger, a source of knowledge. It is the broadcaster and also a powerful medium of awareness. It provides information about the events happening in the world, not just social and political. Along with forwarding the state of affairs, this is also the medium of advertising and marketing of brands. In this, advertisements for goods, services and recruitment are printed for the common knowledge of the people. Through the newspaper, we are well aware of all the events around us. Where on one side there are many advantages to the newspaper, there are some drawbacks too. Sometimes newspapers use false and old stories or even rumours to showcase their credibility. Although people have to pay a monthly fee for the newspaper, the main section remains limited to advertising. Due to this, the newspapers print ads without authenticity and also get rid of by asking the readers to work with their discretion. 

It fully enjoys the freedom of speech by being unbiased or supportive of anyone or anything. It furnishes only the authentic details. It is a good source of knowledge and information. Newspapers have always played an important role in forming and moulding public opinion. 

History of Newspaper in India

Hicky’s Bengal Gazette was the first newspaper printed in the year 1780, under British rule. The newspaper delivered the news of British rule in many areas. Soon it became the mouthpiece of the national leaders both at the regional and national levels. Newspapers played a stellar role in educating, convincing, and driving people in order to spread nationalistic and patriotic ideas and views. It aroused strong determination among the people to liberate India from British rule. Some leading and powerful newspapers like The Tribune, Kesari, Maratha, The Hindu, and Swadeshi played a very significant role in propagating the nationalist agenda against the British. 

People would collectively read the newspaper and discuss their plan of action. Newspapers directed the Indians towards freedom. Even after independence, on many occasions, newspapers have brought to the forefront issues that were contentious but required public debate for their resolution. It helps in raising public conscience towards evils that plagued the society like dowry, child marriage, issue of untouchables, sati rite, etc. 

How does Newspaper Reading Help?

Newspapers connect you to the world and that is why it is referred to as the mirror of the world. The objective of reporting news is to keep democracy alive. Its forceful voice of defiance is the lifeline for a true democracy to function and flourish. Newspapers provide us with news on various political activities, economy, social issues, stock markets, sports, and entertainment in different columns. 

A free press works liberated and a regulator of democracy. It keeps a vigilant eye on the working of the government, highlighting its omission and commissions. In a democratic society, newspapers play the role of the sentinel of the rights of the people. It serves as a link between the government and the people. Newspapers also connect us to other parts of the world by giving information about the happenings and developments taking place in other nations. 

Importance of Newspaper for Children and Students

You should read the newspaper to keep yourself updated with the current affairs of the country as well as the world. Not only this, one gets to know about various options available for one’s career, that is, job vacancies, admission notifications in various institutions, scholarships in the country, and even abroad, walk-in interviews for jobs, etc. There is a matrimonial column in the newspaper where you can find a suitable match for yourself.  They are easily available in almost every region of the world and make people aware of certain important things around them. It is an economical means to get knowledge at a very low cost. Newspapers are available in different languages and thus it makes it easy for people to read and get information in their own language.

Reading newspapers is a very good habit and this habit should be inculcated among children right from their childhood. Newspapers have great educational value. It helps in increasing the general knowledge, improving the understanding of language, writing and reading skills, vocabulary, and also helps in developing personality. One can keep up with the fast-paced world, the changes that take place now and then. 

Schools must encourage the students to read the news daily in the morning assembly. Schools must organise regular quizzes or general knowledge competitions based on the information on current events, sports, politics, and the economy. This is how children can develop the habit of reading newspapers. 

The habit of reading newspapers is extremely important in today’s world as it gives us every minute details about our surroundings – everything related to the present, significant impact of past events, and also helps us to predict or dream the future. Reading newspapers helps in developing the intellectual faculties of a person and hence should be practised with great interest, zeal and fervour. 

Role of Media Overpowering Newspaper Reading

The advent of electronic media is diminishing the habit of reading newspapers, especially among the youth. The young generation seems to be hysterical by the more easily accessible visual media. They are more hooked to instant news because of the fast-paced life that is plaguing society as a whole. Everything has become visual and the media makes it so attractive for the users that they are forgetting the essence of our heritage newspapers. They are running out of the habit of reading newspapers. The newspaper is a valuable source of information among people. It is easily available in every language. The newspaper is a common thing among every class or section of society. In this technological era, newspapers shouldn’t lose their identity. The Newspaper comes under print media.

Even though social media and other electronic media are far more easily accessible, let us not forget the importance of reading the newspaper and inculcate this habit of reading in our children so that they continue with the legacy. Newspapers are still given top preference even over the twenty-four hours TV channels. A good newspaper reflects the society and values of public opinion. It provides solutions to various social and economic problems. It should be free from the intervention of the government and it should be fair in its reporting.

FAQs on Newspaper Essay

1. In India, what was the first Newspaper and when was it published?

Hicky’s Bengal Gazette was the first newspaper printed in the year 1780, under British rule. The newspaper delivered the news of British rule in many areas.

2. How did newspapers play a vital role during the freedom struggle?

Newspapers became the mouthpiece of the national leaders both at the regional and national levels. It played a stellar role in educating, convincing, and mobilizing people in order to spread nationalist and patriotic ideas. It aroused strong determination among the people to liberate India from British rule. Some leading and powerful newspapers like The Tribune, Kesari, Maratha, The Hindu, and Swadeshi played a very significant part in propagating the nationalist agenda against the British.

3. How do newspapers benefit us?

Newspapers keep us updated with the current affairs of the country as well as the world. Newspapers provide all the information about the stock market, various political activities, strikes, or bands. Not only this, one gets to know about various options available for one’s career, jobs, vacancies, admission notifications in various institutions, scholarships in the country, and even abroad, various walk-in interviews for jobs and further studies. There is also a matrimonial column in the newspaper where people can find a suitable match.

4. Why should the habit of reading newspapers be inculcated in children?

The habit of reading newspapers is extremely important in today’s world as it gives us every minute detail about our surroundings – everything related to the present, past. It also helps in increasing the general knowledge, improving language skills, writing and reading skills, vocabulary, and also helps in developing personality. One can keep up with the fast-paced world, the changes that take place now and then. So, reading the newspaper is a very good habit and this habit should be inculcated right from childhood.

Essay on Importance of Reading Newspaper

Students are often asked to write an essay on Importance of Reading Newspaper in their schools and colleges. And if you’re also looking for the same, we have created 100-word, 250-word, and 500-word essays on the topic.

Let’s take a look…

100 Words Essay on Importance of Reading Newspaper

Introduction.

Reading newspapers is a good habit that can provide a great sense of educational value. It carries information about politics, economy, entertainment, sports, business, industry, trade and commerce.

Knowledge and Awareness

Newspapers are a warehouse of information. They provide us with news from every corner of the world. They make us aware of the world around us.

Improving Language Skills

Regular reading of newspapers improves one’s language skills. It helps students to learn new words and improve their vocabulary.

In conclusion, reading newspapers is an important activity for everyone, especially students, as it not only improves our language skills but also keeps us informed.

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• Paragraph on Importance of Reading Newspaper

250 Words Essay on Importance of Reading Newspaper

Reading newspapers is an integral part of our daily routine, often overlooked in the digital era. It is not just a habit but a significant source of gaining knowledge, staying updated, and developing a well-rounded perspective.

Knowledge Enhancement

Newspapers cover a broad range of topics – politics, science, sports, arts, and more. This diversity of content enables readers to gain insights into various fields, enhancing their overall knowledge. The in-depth analysis provided by newspapers aids in understanding complex issues, fostering critical thinking skills.

Staying Updated

In today’s fast-paced world, staying updated is crucial. Newspapers provide reliable and comprehensive information about local, national and international events. They serve as a record of the day-to-day happenings, helping readers stay informed about the world around them.

Development of Perspective

Newspapers present differing viewpoints on the same issue, enabling readers to understand multiple perspectives. This exposure to varied opinions fosters open-mindedness and helps in the development of a balanced viewpoint.

Language and Communication Skills

Regular reading of newspapers enhances language proficiency and communication skills. It introduces readers to new words and phrases, improving their vocabulary and language usage.

In conclusion, reading newspapers is a rewarding habit that enriches knowledge, keeps us informed, and aids in developing a well-rounded perspective. Despite the digital surge, the importance of newspapers remains undiminished, making them an indispensable part of our lives.

500 Words Essay on Importance of Reading Newspaper

In the digital era, the relevance of reading newspapers might seem obsolete, yet the significance of this habit transcends time. Despite the surge of online news and social media, newspapers continue to be a crucial medium for obtaining comprehensive and unbiased information.

The Fount of Knowledge

Newspapers are a treasure trove of knowledge. They provide an array of information, from local happenings to global events, scientific advancements to cultural phenomena, and economic trends to political developments. Reading newspapers augments our knowledge base, enabling us to participate in intellectual discussions and debates. For students, this habit can enhance their academic performance by providing real-world examples to theoretical concepts.

Enhancing Language Skills

Newspapers are written by professional journalists who adhere to high standards of language proficiency. Regular reading can thus significantly improve one’s vocabulary, grammar, and overall language skills. It also provides exposure to various writing styles, which can be particularly beneficial for students aiming to enhance their writing prowess.

Developing Critical Thinking

Reading newspapers encourages critical thinking. It presents different perspectives on the same issue, prompting readers to analyse and evaluate various viewpoints. This habit fosters a rational mindset, enabling students to form their own opinions rather than accepting information at face value. It also promotes an understanding of the complexities of our world, which is essential for making informed decisions.

Fostering Social Awareness

Newspapers play a pivotal role in cultivating social awareness. They expose readers to diverse social, political, and economic issues, fostering empathy and understanding towards different communities. This awareness is crucial for students as future citizens, enabling them to contribute positively to society.

In an ever-changing world, staying updated is vital. Newspapers provide the latest news, helping readers keep abreast of significant events and trends. This habit can be particularly beneficial for students preparing for competitive exams or interviews, where current affairs knowledge is often tested.

In conclusion, reading newspapers is a habit that offers numerous benefits. It enhances knowledge, improves language skills, encourages critical thinking, fosters social awareness, and helps stay updated. Despite the digital revolution, newspapers continue to hold their significance, offering a depth and breadth of information that is often unmatched. As future leaders, it is crucial for students to appreciate the importance of reading newspapers, using them not just as a source of news, but as a tool for personal and intellectual growth.

That’s it! I hope the essay helped you.

If you’re looking for more, here are essays on other interesting topics:

• Essay on Value of Newspaper
• Essay on Benefits of Reading Newspaper
• Essay on Exercise

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There are powerful rays from the planet Mars, the war god, in your horoscope for your coming year, and this always means a chance to battle if you want to take it up. Try to avoid such disturbances where women relatives or friends are concerned, because the outlook for victory upon your part in such circumstances is rather dark. If you must fight, pick a man!

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Importance of Newspaper in Life Essay

Let’s start this article on Importance of Newspaper…

Introduction-

”The newspaper is so much with us now that it has been difficult to imagine a world without it.”

-H.G. Wells

Today newspapers play a very important role in our life. They have become almost as important as food and clothes. Everybody wants to read a newspaper. In cities, morning tea is not relished without a newspaper in hand. The four letters of the word ‘NEWS’ stand for all the four directions- North, East, West, and South. In this way, newspapers bring us news from all sides.

Importance of Newspaper in Various Fields-

• Role of Newspaper in Democracy-

A newspaper is the most powerful organ of democracy . In a democracy, its value is unimaginable. It is a link between the people and the government. Its role in the national and international life of a country is very important. The government and the public both can explain their views through a newspaper. In the words of John Chasma Galsworthy, ” Democracy cannot survive without an honest press.”   Being a powerful medium of information, the press is called the fourth pillar of society, the moulder of public opinion.

• Role of newspaper in freedom movement-

During the Indian freedom, movement newspaper played a vital role. Newspaper made  Indian public aware of the cruelties of British Empire. Patriotic poems, songs, and articles published in Newspapers with the British government restless. Newspaper name Maratha and others made people enthusiastic to get rid of the British Empire. Through Newspapers Indian people kept themselves informed of all the activities going on in the country. Literature published in various newspapers was a challenge for the government. So much of the Literature was banned by Britishers. It is rightly stated that is the pen is stronger than the sword because it has life-changing impacts on millions of people of a country.

• Importance to a businessman-

Newspapers are very necessary for businessmen. They give the news of rise and fall of prices of the share market and of the rates of commodities in every part of the world. They help in the development of Trade and Commerce. 

• Role in education-

The educative value of Newspaper is untold. Articles on all subjects- scientific, literary, political, and economic published in them. There are interesting talks, speeches, short plays and articles in Newspapers. These articles increase our knowledge and broaden our outlook. They are very helpful for various competitive exams. They provide us with recreation, knowledge and information.

• Means of Advertisement-

Newspapers are also important means of advertisement. There are all kinds of advertisements in them. They advertise goods of different kinds and bring the buyer and the seller closer. ‘Situations Vacant columns help the unemployed people in finding out jobs. ‘Matrimonial Columns’ help us in finding life partners. The Newspapers publish market reports, radio programmes, literary articles, cinema reviews, legal notices from courts, test match commentaries, etc.

Some evils of Newspapers-

Newspapers have some events also. In our country, different newspapers favour different political parties for their propaganda. Sometimes they publish false news and spread rumours. Sometimes rich men use them for personal gains. The advertisements are obscene at times. The news of gang rape, dacoity, abortion and are like poison our minds.

Conclusion-

The government should check the publication of vulgar and obscene photos and matter. It is necessary for the government to control the press during war. Newspapers may prove to be of great importance in the development of human culture and civilization. Their future, no doubt is bright. So everyone should make Newspaper as a part of their daily routine in order to stay updated for our day-to-day activities of the country and the world. 

Thank you, everyone, for spending your valuable time on this article on Importance of Newspaper. Please share it with your friends and let me know your feedback.

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Well defined Article.

Thank you Aman

Nicely written

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A Guide to Using Quotations in Essays

Quotations Add Credibility to a Persuasive Essay

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• M.B.A, Human Resource Development and Management, Narsee Monjee Institution of Management Studies
• B.S., University of Mumbai, Commerce, Accounting, and Finance

If you want to make an impact on your reader, you can draw on the potency of quotations. The  effective use of quotations  augments the power of your arguments and makes your essays more interesting.

But there is a need for caution! Are you convinced that the quotation you have chosen is helping your essay and not hurting it? Here are some factors to consider to ensure that you are doing the right thing.

What Is This Quotation Doing in This Essay?

Let us begin at the beginning. You have a chosen a quotation for your essay. But, why that specific quotation?

A good quotation should do one or more of the following:

• Make an opening impact on the reader
• Build credibility for your essay
• Make the essay more interesting
• Close the essay with a point to ponder upon

If the quotation does not meet a few of these objectives, then it is of little value. Merely stuffing a quotation into your essay can do more harm than good.

Your Essay Is Your Mouthpiece

Should the quotation speak for the essay or should the essay speak for the quotation? Quotations should add impact to the essay and not steal the show. If your quotation has more punch than your essay, then something is seriously wrong. Your essay should be able to stand on its own legs; the quotation should merely make this stand stronger.

How Many Quotations Should You Use in Your Essay?

Using too many quotations is like having several people shouting on your behalf. This will drown out your voice. Refrain from overcrowding your essay with words of wisdom from famous people. You own the essay, so make sure that you are heard.

Don't Make It Look Like You Plagiarized

There are some rules and standards when using quotations in an essay. The most important one is that you should not give the impression of being the author of the quotation. That would amount to plagiarism . Here are a set of rules to clearly distinguish your writing from the quotation:

• You may describe the quotation in your own words before using it. In this case, you should use a colon (:) to indicate the beginning of the quotation. Then begin the quotation with a quotation mark ("). After you have completed the quotation, close it with a quotation mark ("). Here is an example: Sir Winston Churchill made a witty remark on the attitude of a pessimist: "A pessimist sees the difficulty in every opportunity; an optimist sees the opportunity in every difficulty."
• The sentence in which the quotation is embedded might not explicitly describe the quotation, but merely introduce it. In such a case, do away with the colon. Simply use the quotation marks . Here is an example: Sir Winston Churchill once said, "A pessimist sees the difficulty in every opportunity; an optimist sees the opportunity in every difficulty."
• As far as possible, you should mention the author and the source of the quotation. For instance: In Shakespeare ’s play "As You Like It," Touchstone says to Audrey in the Forest of Arden, "The fool doth think he is wise, but the wise man knows himself to be a fool." (Act V, Scene I).
• Ensure that the source of your quotation is authentic. Also, verify the author of your quotation. You can do so by looking up the quotation on authoritative websites. For formal writing, do not rely on just one website.

Blend Quotations In

An essay can seem quite jarring if the quotation does not blend in. The quotation should naturally fit into your essay. No one is interested in reading quotation-stuffed essays.

Here are some good tips on blending in your quotations:

• You can begin your essay with a quotation that sets off the basic idea of the essay. This can have a lasting impact on your reader. In the introductory paragraph of your essay, you can comment on the quotation if you like. In any case, do ensure that the relevance of the quotation is communicated well.
• Your choice of phrases and adjectives can significantly boost the impact of the quotation in your essay. Do not use monotonous phrases like: "George Washington once said...." If your essay is written for the appropriate context, consider using emphatic expressions like: "George Washington rocked the nation by saying...."

Using Long Quotations

It is usually better to have short and crisp quotations in your essay. Generally, long quotations must be used sparingly as they tend to weigh down the reader. However, there are times when your essay has more impact with a longer quotation.

If you have decided to use a long quotation, consider paraphrasing , as it usually works better. But, there is a downside to paraphrasing too. Instead of paraphrasing, if you use a direct quotation , you will avoid misrepresentation. The decision to use a long quotation is not trivial. It is your judgment call.

If you are convinced that a particular long quotation is more effective, be sure to format and punctuate it correctly.   Long quotations should be set off as block quotations . The format of block quotations should follow the guidelines that you might have been provided. If there are no specific guidelines, you can follow the usual standard—if a quotation is more than three lines long, you set it off as a block quote. Blocking implies indenting it about half an inch on the left.

Usually, a brief introduction to a long quotation is warranted. In other cases, you might need to provide a complete analysis of the quotation. In this case, it is best to begin with the quotation and follow it with the analysis, rather than the other way around.

Using Cute Quotes or Poetry

Some students choose a cute quotation first and then try to plug it into their essay. As a consequence, such quotations usually drag the reader away from the essay.

Quoting a verse from a poem, however, can add a lot of charm to your essay. I have come across writing that acquires a romantic edge merely by including a poetic quotation. If you are quoting from poetry, keep in mind that a small extract of a poem, say about two lines long, requires the use of slash marks (/) to indicate line breaks. Here is an example:

Charles Lamb has aptly described a child as "A child's a plaything for an hour;/ Its pretty tricks we try / For that or for a longer space; / Then tire, and lay it by." (1-4)

If you use a single line extract of a poem, punctuate it like any other short quotation without the slashes. Quotation marks are required at the beginning and at the end of the extract. However, if your quotation is more than three lines of poetry, I would suggest that you treat it like you would have treated a long quotation from prose. In this case, you should use the block quote format.

Does Your Reader Understand the Quotation?

Perhaps the most important question you must ask yourself when using a quotation is: "Do readers understand the quotation and its relevance to my essay ?"

If the reader is re-reading a quotation, just to understand it, then you are in trouble. So when you choose a quotation for your essay, ask yourself the following questions:

• Is this too convoluted for my reader?
• Does this match the tastes of my audience ?
• Is the grammar and vocabulary in this quotation understandable?
• How to Use Block Quotations in Writing
• Definition and Examples of Direct Quotations
• Definition and Examples of Quotation in English Grammar
• How to Use Shakespeare Quotes
• Guidelines for Using Quotation Marks Correctly
• What Is an Indentation?
• Practice in Using Quotation Marks Correctly
• How To Write an Essay
• Difference Between "Quote" and "Quotation": What Is the Right Word?
• The Five Steps of Writing an Essay
• What Is a Blockquote?
• 501 Topic Suggestions for Writing Essays and Speeches
• Writing a Descriptive Essay
• How and When to Paraphrase Quotations
• Write an Attention-Grabbing Opening Sentence for an Essay

Wednesday 28 August 2019

Importance of newspaper english essay for 10th and 12th class.

Importance of Newspaper English Essay

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Hello, I am Maher Afrasiab a founder of Ratta.pk and some other websites. I have created ratta.pk to promote the eductaion in Pakistan. And to help the students in their studies. Find me on Facebook: @Maher Afrasiab

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50 Inspirational Quotes on Writing

By barnes & noble press /, january 4, 2021 at 3:00 pm.

It’s a new year and, therefore, we want to help kick it off right with a collection of our favorite inspirational quotes on writing! We always start a new year with resolutions, but often it’s hard to stick with our goals. Certainly, that’s where we can come in 🙂

Above all, we hope these 50 Inspirational Quotes on Writing will keep you motivated and energized throughout 2021.

Inspirational Quotes on Writing: Imagination

2. “Fill your paper with the breathings of your heart.” –  William Wordsworth

3. “The writer is an explorer. Every step is an advance into a new land.” – Ralph Waldo Emerson

4. “I write entirely to find out what I’m thinking, what I’m looking at, what I see, and what it means. What I want and what I fear.” –  Joan Didion

5. “They who dream by day are cognizant of many things which escape those who dream by night.” – Edgar Allan Poe

6. “The art of writing is the art of discovering what you believe.” –  Gustav Flaubert

7. “I know nothing in the world that has as much power as a word. Sometimes I write one, and look at it, until it shines.” –  Emily Dickinson

8. “That’s what you’re looking for as a writer when you’re working. You’re looking for your own freedom.” –  Philip Roth

9. “Imagination is the beginning of creation. You imagine what you desire, you will what you imagine and at last you create what you will.” –  George Bernard Shaw

10. “Creativity is a combination of discipline and childlike spirit.” –  Robert Greene

11. “Writing is the painting of the voice.” –  Voltaire

12. “It’s the possibility of having a dream come true that makes life interesting.” –  Paulo Coelho

13. “I have fallen in love with the imagination. And if you fall in love with the imagination, you understand that it is a free spirit. It will go anywhere and it can do anything.” –  Alice Walker

Inspirational Quotes on Writing: Motivation

14. “Any writer worth his salt writes to please himself… it’s a self-exploratory operation that is endless.” – Harper Lee

15. “If you have built castles in the air, your work need not be lost; that is where they should be. Now put foundations under them.” –  Henry David Thoreau

16. “There are significant moments in everyone’s day that can make literature. That’s what you ought to write about.” –  Raymond Carver

17. “Keep asking questions because people will always want to know the answer. Open with a question and don’t answer it until the end.” –  Lee Child

18. “But when people say, did you always want to be a writer? I have to say no! I always was a write.” –  Ursula K. Le Guin

19. “You can’t use up creativity. The more you use, the more you have.” –  Maya Angelou

20. “If I waited for perfection, I would never write a word.” –  Margaret Atwood

21. “You should write stories because you love the shape of stories and sentences and the creation of different words on a page.” –  Annie Proulx

23. “If you do not hear music in your words, you have put too much thought into your writing and not enough heart.” –  Terry Brooks

24. “If you are in difficulties with a book, try the element of surprise: attack it at an hour when it isn’t expecting it.” –  H.G. Wells

25. “Words are sacred. They deserve respect. If you get the right ones, in the right order, you can nudge the world a little.” –  Tom Stoppard

26. “The secret of it all is to write… without waiting for a fit time or place.” –  Walt Whitman

27. “No one else sees the world the way you do, so no one else can tell the stories that you have to tell.” –  Charles de Lint

28. “Successful writing is one part inspiration and two parts sheer stubbornness.” –  Gillian Flynn

30. “As a writer, you should not judge. You should understand.” –  Ernest Hemingway

31. “If you don’t see the book you want on the shelf, write it.” – Beverly Cleary

32. “When all else fails, write what your heart tells you. You can’t depend on your eyes, when your imagination is out of focus.”  Mark Twain

33. “Stories are light. Light is precious in a world so dark. Begin at the beginning. Make some light.” –  Kate DiCamillo

Inspirational Quotes on Writing: Process

34. “A writer is a writer not because she writes well and easily, because she has amazing talent, because everything she does is golden. In my view a writer is a writer because even when there is no hope, even when nothing you do shows any sign of promise, you keep writing anyway.” –  Junot Diaz

35. “The first draft is you just telling yourself the story.” –  Terry Pratchett

36. “Write a page a day. Only 300 words and in a year you have written a novel.” –  Stephen King

37. “The secret of getting ahead is getting started.” –  Agatha Christie

38. “The job of the novelist is to invent: to embroider, to color, to embellish, to make things up.” –  Donna Tart

39. “Writing is an act of faith, not a grammar trick.” –  E.B. White

40. “Good stories are not written. They are rewritten.” –  Phyllis Whitney

41. “The first draft is a skeleton. Just bare bones. The rest of the story comes later with revising.” –  Judy Bloom

42. “When you are describing a shape, or sound, or tint, don’t state the matter plainly, but put it in a hint. And learn to look at all things with a sort of mental squint.” –  Lewis Carroll

43. “You may not write well every day, but you can always edit a bad page. You can’t edit a blank page.” – Jodi Picoult

44. “Perfection is finally attained not when there is no longer anything to add, but when there is no longer anything to take away.” –  Antoine de Saint-Exupery

45. “The secret to editing your work is simple: You need to become its reader instead of its writer.” –  Zadie Smith

46. “I’m writing a first draft and reminding myself that I’m simply shoveling sand into a box so that later I can build castles.” –  Shannon Hale

47. “Don’t labor over a little cameo work in which every word is to be perfect. Technique holds a reader from sentence to sentence, but only content will stay in his mind.” –  Joyce Carol Oates

48. “If you fall in love with the vision and not your words, the rewriting will become easier.” –  Nora DeLoach

49. “Be willing and unafraid to write badly, because often the bad stuff clears the way for good, or forms a base on which to build something better.” –  Jennifer Egan

50. “Plot is no more than footprints left in the snow after your characters have run by on their way to incredible destinations.” –  Ray Bradbury

To sum up, write it all down this year. After that, visit BNPress.com to become a published author! Importantly, we have plenty of tools to help new authors. From trusted partners to assist with editing, formatting, or design, to marketing and promotions. Each step of the way, we will be there to help.

And check out more from the B&N Press Blog:

• Author Guest Posts & Interviews
• Special Collections & Promotions

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Why it is Important to Read the Newspaper

Home » Blog » Why it is Important to Read the Newspaper

• All About Newspapers

News is one of the most important things in most people’s lives. No matter what you do for a living, chances are you’re engaged with the news at some level on a daily basis. On most days of the week, something is happening on a local, regional, national or global scale that merits headline coverage. For a lot of people, the first question that comes to mind each morning is, “What are the latest news headlines?”

Whether a particular news item is exciting and uplifting, tragic and scary, or sensationalistic and trivial, it’s likely to be a topic of conversation at some point in the hours and days ahead between you and your friends, family and work colleagues, as well as random strangers at grocery stores and coffee shops.

People get their news these days from a variety of sources, including television, radio, magazines and the Internet. However, newspapers remain the most time-honored medium through which news is delivered to people of all ages throughout the country. More than half of the world’s adults read a paper each day .

The Benefits of Reading a Newspaper

The uses of newspaper reading are numerous. For starters, a well-rounded paper provides coverage of global and local news, weather forecasts and a whole host of entertainment and sports topics. Additionally, newspapers can keep you informed of nearby store openings, sales and job opportunities.

Nearly 90 percent of Americans say they prefer to get their news straight from a reliable source such as a newspaper rather than hearing it from friends online or through other sources. Newer media come and go, but the format of newspapers has held strong throughout the decades thanks to the following features.

One of the biggest benefits of reading newspapers on a regular basis is doing so keeps you informed of all the latest world events. Depending on what’s currently happening in the world, the news could involve matters of high consequence, such as war, climate, the economy and national elections, or topics that are arguably more trivial, such as political sex scandals, celebrity gossip and debates on minor issues.

It’s useful to stay updated on news items as they unfold. By reading newspaper on a daily basis, you’re better equipped to form opinions on things that are currently happening, and you’re also likelier to be prepared if a world event has a direct impact on your life.

Another major advantage to reading newspapers daily is you’re always up to date on important local news. Whether you live in or near a big city or small town, things are happening regularly that affect your community in various ways. Some of the news might involve local elections or public policy, while other stories might concern special events, such as the unveiling of bridges or public monuments, or the opening of new businesses in your area.

Of course, hardly a day goes by without some bad local news, whether it happens to involve a fire, a fatal traffic accident or a holdup. Still, it’s crucial to be informed about both good and bad things that affect your community, because that will keep you up-to-date on public safety issues, new attractions, upcoming elections, changes in local policy, and other things that concern adults in general.

Weather Forecasts

Newspapers are also a great source of information on daily and weekly weather forecasts. Whether it’s a day of work or leisure, the weather situation could largely determine what you’ll choose to wear and how you’ll go about commuting to and from your points of destination. For example:

• If your daily commute to work involves numerous blocks of walking and at least one connection on your local public transit system, harsh weather could impact the time it will take to make that commute, not to mention the warmer clothes you’ll need to wear in order to reach your destination comfortably.
• In the event of snow or heavy storms, your regular commute might be impossible. That’s a crucial thing to know before you even attempt to head outside.
• Likewise, vacation plans and trips to the mall can also be impacted by unusual weather.

Basically, weather is just one of those unavoidable factors you must take into consideration, regardless of your plans.

Entertainment

Serious topics are not the only things covered in most newspapers. Fact is, the majority of readers see equal importance in the areas of entertainment and recreation. After all, what would a day be like if there were no music, movies or fun activities to distract from the often-dreary realities of world events and politics as usual? Entertainment coverage can range from reviews of the latest movies and music releases, to previews of upcoming concerts and theatrical productions.

Whatever your preferred poison, newspapers are an excellent source of info on the dates and places of bands that are coming to town, as well as movies that are playing at various theaters in your area. If Hollywood gossip strikes your curiosity, newspapers can keep you informed of all the latest info on your favorite celebs. Even if you’re simply into staying home and watching television, newspapers are a trusty source for info on channels and airtimes of must-see programs on basic TV and cable.

For people who get their kicks from watching and analyzing ball games, speed races and wrestling matches, newspapers are also a plentiful source of sports coverage. No matter which sports are in season, chances are there’s a decisive win or an upset to be reported from the grounds of one of the major sporting leagues.

When a home team is in contention, the coverage no doubt has readers glued to the pages as headline after feverish headline gins up the local spirit. Even in communities far removed from any major league teams or professional athletes, sports sections are one of the main priorities of coverage in newspapers, and it’s all because of the importance sports hold in the hearts of most Americans.

Comic Strips

If entertainment of a more quickly digestible form is your kind of medicine, newspapers feature plenty to choose from in the comics section. As one of the oldest forms of entertainment in the printed medium, comic strips can be either humorous or thought-provoking. At times, they manage to be both.

Even in today’s world of countless entertainment options, people of all ages continue to be captivated by the simple art of the comic strip. You might be looking for a quick laugh, or perhaps a joke to share with your friends or coworkers in the hours ahead, in which case you can always count on the funnies section. On occasion, you might find a strip to be so funny or transcendent in its message that you’ll feel compelled to cut it out and either tack it to your pinboard or scan it for sharing on your social media timeline.

Crosswords and Horoscopes

The fun part of newspapers doesn’t end with the comics section. Many newspapers also feature word games, crossword puzzles, and horoscopes:

• Word games are often fun, because they challenge the naked eye to pick out words from multiple rows and columns of random letters.
• Crossword puzzles are similarly fun, because the challenge is on you to guess the missing word and see if it fits within the corresponding row or column of empty boxes.
• Whether or not you believe in astrology, horoscopes provide interesting food for thought regarding things that might be in store for you in the days ahead.

Coupons and Circulars

Newspapers can also help you save money when you check out the circulars, which feature multiple pages of items that are currently on sale at nearby grocery chains and department stores. And from food and over-the-counter medicine to toiletries, stationery supplies and furniture, the coupon section is a must-check source for people wishing to get more bang for their bucks.

Depending on the size of your household, thrifty coupon usage could ultimately shave hundreds of dollars off your monthly grocery bills. As far as furniture is concerned, that fancy computer table or sofa and loveseat combo could be yours for anywhere from 20 percent to 50 percent off the retail price if you simply browse the coupon section for the latest nearby sale on furnishings.

The Classifieds

Perhaps you’re not so interested in the latest news or entertainment stories but would like to know about gigs or yard sales in your area? For all of that and more, there’s the classified ads section, which contains ads for everything from job opportunities to car sales and various other offers that could make or save you money. During times of unemployment, countless readers have browsed the classifieds for everything from day jobs to night shifts to telecommuting opportunities.

Some people have landed high-paying dream jobs after following up on leads through the classifieds, while many others have found part-time positions to supplement their incomes. Whatever it is you might be looking for — an office-temp gig, a used van, a secondhand big-screen television — chances are you’ll find it if you diligently browse the classifieds in your local newspaper.

The Personals

There are a lot of lonely people in this world, but no one really has to stay that way. For every person sitting alone by the television on a Saturday night, there’s probably a soulmate in a similar situation within a 10 to 20–mile radius around town. Whether you’re young, middle-aged, or older, there’s no reason to accept being lonely for too long, which is why newspapers have long featured personal ads so readers can find romantic partnerships.

All types of singles submit ads to the personals, which have been responsible for pairing up perfectly compatible individuals whose paths would otherwise never cross. If you consider yourself the shy type, there’s no need to worry, because shyness is a common trait among singles who frequent the personals. In a sense, the personals could be seen as singles bars for shy people.

Advertisements

If you run a local business, newspapers are one of the best media in which to advertise. Though many business owners assume the best way to reach customers is through television commercials, the costs of airtime can eat away at any profits generated from the increased exposure and resultant foot traffic.

Newspapers, by contrast, offer an affordable medium in which all types of businesses can get products and services exposed to consumers within a given range of distribution. In fact, some people have amassed fortunes by taking one tiny ad that generates business in a local newspaper and repeating that ad in thousands of papers nationwide.

The Intellectual Importance of Reading Newspapers

The value of reading a newspaper extends far beyond what you get in the news, entertainment, lifestyle and money-saving realms. If you regularly read a well-written, well-balanced paper, it could also help stimulate brain function for improved performance in the following areas.

Critical Thinking Skills

When it comes to the most critical news stories of the day, newspapers generally provide more than just coverage. They also offer insights that help readers form opinions on a range of topics. In many ways, this is a good thing, because issues are often vague and abstract to readers, many of whom might lack the background in certain topics that galvanize the news. Things to keep in mind:

• On hot-button topics, the average reader is likelier to come away with a more rational stance when guided along through the facts by an informed commentator.
• However, it’s crucial for readers to know how to distinguish fact from opinion, particularly on hardball topics.
• Likewise, each journalist should make a byline disclosure as to whether his or her pieces are straight coverage or opinion–based.

Balanced Viewpoints

Newspapers also help readers keep a balanced perspective on stories and issues. While a lot of readers have biases, a responsible newspaper will tailor coverage in a way that presents news stories from all angles so each reader can draw his or her own conclusion.

Of course, some readers do get caught up in ideological-based thinking, which can be problematic when the ideology in question is built on a narrative that rejects certain empirical truths. There are news sources that pander to this phenomenon by filtering stories through a chosen narrative, all of which can be dangerous when it reinforces a disengagement from reality. By avoiding this trap, responsible newspapers keep readers informed, which in turn helps foster a public that acts in its own best interests.

Enhanced Cognition

As people age, one of the biggest advantages of reading newspapers is the positive effects reading has on mental health. In a sense, the mind is like most other parts of the body. The less it’s exercised, the weaker and less flexible it becomes. Just like how sedentary people are more prone to develop physical limitations, people who don’t put their minds to use are likelier to become stunted in their cognitive abilities.

Reading is one of the best ways to prevent or combat the latter process, because reading is an act of mental engagement. When it comes to the habit of reading on a regular basis, newspapers are the best enabler because most are printed daily and even delivered to the doorsteps of subscribers.

How to Strategically Read the Newspaper

Preparation

Before you even open the daily newspaper, think about what you want to find out about. Where would anything related to your business be? Where are the pieces located that will provide you with high-quality information for business meetings or work conversation? Reading the newspaper daily is essential preparation to be knowledgeable on a subject before it is brought up in conversation. By knowing about it ahead of time you can draw your own conclusions and approach the topic without others influencing your initial reception of information. Know what you want from your newspaper before opening it, then dive in.

Navigating a daily newspaper can be annoying depending on their structure. Luckily they are organized by their general section. Already know the score of last night’s game? Remove the sports section. Not interested in the arts or music? Remove that section. You can get your weather from the app on your phone or on the ride to work so don’t worry about that page. Remember, news organizations structure their newspapers with the most pertinent information on the front page. Skimming through the front page is important because it is what almost everyone will know about. Finding the most valuable articles can be done with the table of contents.

All you get is a headline, so how do you know the article is worth your time? How should you read a newspaper headline? The headlines have a very strategic structure. Subject – Verb –Object is the standard way to write a headline. This means the first word or two is all you should care about. The Eagles are the subject. The win is the action. The Super Bowl is the object. Skim down the headlines and read the first two words. Highlight the subjects that matter to you. This will save you up to a minute of reading time. This is a minute that could allow you to get through another short article.

Highlighting the news. When reading a paper you will reference something you had read later in the day or week. The most effective way to successfully find the fact you read in the newspaper is by using a highlighter. This will also point out what you have already read when you revisit the paper in the afternoon. Highlights are an effective way to save time as you read the daily newspaper, and when you revisit the daily newspaper.

Mitchell’sNY for Newspaper Delivery in New York City

In New York City, residents have relied on Mitchell’sNY for newspaper delivery since 1946. Whether you’re a daily reader of the city’s major papers or a subscriber to the Sunday editions, we’ll bring them hot off the press and straight to your home, office, hotel or wherever else you may be.

From papers that cover world news and the financial sector to magazines on everything from entertainment and travel to science and photography, we deliver dailies, weeklies, monthlies, and quarterlies from all corners of the publishing world. The advantages of newspaper and magazine reading are numerous. To that end, Mitchell’sNY has honored the importance of newspapers in daily life for seven decades. Contact Mitchell’sNY today to schedule your newspaper and magazine deliveries.

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What are quotations and why are they useful?

This is the first of three chapters about Quoting . To complete this reader, read each chapter carefully and then unlock and complete our materials to check your understanding.   

– Introduce the concept of using academic quotations

– Explain why and when quotations should be used

– Explore the usefulness of quotations in academic writing

Chapter 1: What are quotations and why are they useful?

Chapter 2: How should I use quotations in academic writing?

Chapter 3: How can I add to or edit a quotation in an essay?

Before you begin reading...

• video and audio texts
• knowledge checks and quizzes
• skills practices, tasks and assignments

If you’ve been at university for some time, you should already know that it’s necessary to include sources as evidence for a piece of research or academic assignment if you wish for your ideas and arguments to be convincing and supported by source voice . For most occasions of including such evidence, you’ll need to synthesise more than one source and so will be required to summarise and paraphrase those source materials in order to include them in your own writing. However, there may be times when you wish to include the direct words of a source author in your research, and to do this you’ll need to be familiar with the conventions of writing and correctly formatting quotations , such as the example provided below:

A quotation then, like in this example, is when the exact or lightly modified words of one or many authors are provided within a text. Quotations may be written, usually in the context of academic writing (although quotes can be used in more informal styles too), or they may be used in direct reported speech – in which case the speaker may use the double-finger quotations mark gesture to indicate that they are quoting someone verbatim (word-for-word).

It’s useful to use quotations in academic writing for three primary reasons. The first reason is that using both quotations and paraphrases in a piece of writing makes that writing more dynamic and therefore more engaging to read. With this in mind, a good writer should use quotations carefully and at the right moment to improve the style and readability of their research. Secondly, quotations are useful in providing a distinct and clear source voice , working to further separate the writer from the quoted source. Perhaps that writer has chosen to include the original author’s words because of their poignancy or elegancy, or because those words are particularly famous or pertinent. The final reason that quotations are useful for the writer is that they provide strong and verifiable support for an argument. While a paraphrase could have been misinterpreted by the writer, the direct words of an author or source can be directly interpreted by a reader and as such may provide more convincing and less refutable evidence. There’s quite a lot of variation in exactly how and when quotations are used in academic writing however, and so these issues are covered in some detail in Chapters 2 and 3.

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What I’ve Learned From My Students’ College Essays

The genre is often maligned for being formulaic and melodramatic, but it’s more important than you think.

By Nell Freudenberger

Most high school seniors approach the college essay with dread. Either their upbringing hasn’t supplied them with several hundred words of adversity, or worse, they’re afraid that packaging the genuine trauma they’ve experienced is the only way to secure their future. The college counselor at the Brooklyn high school where I’m a writing tutor advises against trauma porn. “Keep it brief , ” she says, “and show how you rose above it.”

I started volunteering in New York City schools in my 20s, before I had kids of my own. At the time, I liked hanging out with teenagers, whom I sometimes had more interesting conversations with than I did my peers. Often I worked with students who spoke English as a second language or who used slang in their writing, and at first I was hung up on grammar. Should I correct any deviation from “standard English” to appeal to some Wizard of Oz behind the curtains of a college admissions office? Or should I encourage students to write the way they speak, in pursuit of an authentic voice, that most elusive of literary qualities?

In fact, I was missing the point. One of many lessons the students have taught me is to let the story dictate the voice of the essay. A few years ago, I worked with a boy who claimed to have nothing to write about. His life had been ordinary, he said; nothing had happened to him. I asked if he wanted to try writing about a family member, his favorite school subject, a summer job? He glanced at his phone, his posture and expression suggesting that he’d rather be anywhere but in front of a computer with me. “Hobbies?” I suggested, without much hope. He gave me a shy glance. “I like to box,” he said.

I’ve had this experience with reluctant writers again and again — when a topic clicks with a student, an essay can unfurl spontaneously. Of course the primary goal of a college essay is to help its author get an education that leads to a career. Changes in testing policies and financial aid have made applying to college more confusing than ever, but essays have remained basically the same. I would argue that they’re much more than an onerous task or rote exercise, and that unlike standardized tests they are infinitely variable and sometimes beautiful. College essays also provide an opportunity to learn precision, clarity and the process of working toward the truth through multiple revisions.

When a topic clicks with a student, an essay can unfurl spontaneously.

Even if writing doesn’t end up being fundamental to their future professions, students learn to choose language carefully and to be suspicious of the first words that come to mind. Especially now, as college students shoulder so much of the country’s ethical responsibility for war with their protest movement, essay writing teaches prospective students an increasingly urgent lesson: that choosing their own words over ready-made phrases is the only reliable way to ensure they’re thinking for themselves.

Teenagers are ideal writers for several reasons. They’re usually free of preconceptions about writing, and they tend not to use self-consciously ‘‘literary’’ language. They’re allergic to hypocrisy and are generally unfiltered: They overshare, ask personal questions and call you out for microaggressions as well as less egregious (but still mortifying) verbal errors, such as referring to weed as ‘‘pot.’’ Most important, they have yet to put down their best stories in a finished form.

I can imagine an essay taking a risk and distinguishing itself formally — a poem or a one-act play — but most kids use a more straightforward model: a hook followed by a narrative built around “small moments” that lead to a concluding lesson or aspiration for the future. I never get tired of working with students on these essays because each one is different, and the short, rigid form sometimes makes an emotional story even more powerful. Before I read Javier Zamora’s wrenching “Solito,” I worked with a student who had been transported by a coyote into the U.S. and was reunited with his mother in the parking lot of a big-box store. I don’t remember whether this essay focused on specific skills or coping mechanisms that he gained from his ordeal. I remember only the bliss of the parent-and-child reunion in that uninspiring setting. If I were making a case to an admissions officer, I would suggest that simply being able to convey that experience demonstrates the kind of resilience that any college should admire.

The essays that have stayed with me over the years don’t follow a pattern. There are some narratives on very predictable topics — living up to the expectations of immigrant parents, or suffering from depression in 2020 — that are moving because of the attention with which the student describes the experience. One girl determined to become an engineer while watching her father build furniture from scraps after work; a boy, grieving for his mother during lockdown, began taking pictures of the sky.

If, as Lorrie Moore said, “a short story is a love affair; a novel is a marriage,” what is a college essay? Every once in a while I sit down next to a student and start reading, and I have to suppress my excitement, because there on the Google Doc in front of me is a real writer’s voice. One of the first students I ever worked with wrote about falling in love with another girl in dance class, the absolute magic of watching her move and the terror in the conflict between her feelings and the instruction of her religious middle school. She made me think that college essays are less like love than limerence: one-sided, obsessive, idiosyncratic but profound, the first draft of the most personal story their writers will ever tell.

Nell Freudenberger’s novel “The Limits” was published by Knopf last month. She volunteers through the PEN America Writers in the Schools program.

What this handout is about

Used effectively, quotations can provide important pieces of evidence and lend fresh voices and perspectives to your narrative. Used ineffectively, however, quotations can clutter your text and interrupt the flow of your argument. This handout will help you decide when and how to quote like a pro.

When should I quote?

Use quotations at strategically selected moments. You have probably been told by teachers to provide as much evidence as possible in support of your thesis. But packing your paper with quotations will not necessarily strengthen your argument. The majority of your paper should still be your original ideas in your own words (after all, it’s your paper). And quotations are only one type of evidence: well-balanced papers may also make use of paraphrases, data, and statistics. The types of evidence you use will depend in part on the conventions of the discipline or audience for which you are writing. For example, papers analyzing literature may rely heavily on direct quotations of the text, while papers in the social sciences may have more paraphrasing, data, and statistics than quotations.

Discussing specific arguments or ideas

Sometimes, in order to have a clear, accurate discussion of the ideas of others, you need to quote those ideas word for word. Suppose you want to challenge the following statement made by John Doe, a well-known historian:

“At the beginning of World War Two, almost all Americans assumed the war would end quickly.”

If it is especially important that you formulate a counterargument to this claim, then you might wish to quote the part of the statement that you find questionable and establish a dialogue between yourself and John Doe:

Historian John Doe has argued that in 1941 “almost all Americans assumed the war would end quickly” (Doe 223). Yet during the first six months of U.S. involvement, the wives and mothers of soldiers often noted in their diaries their fear that the war would drag on for years.

Giving added emphasis to a particularly authoritative source on your topic.

There will be times when you want to highlight the words of a particularly important and authoritative source on your topic. For example, suppose you were writing an essay about the differences between the lives of male and female slaves in the U.S. South. One of your most provocative sources is a narrative written by a former slave, Harriet Jacobs. It would then be appropriate to quote some of Jacobs’s words:

Harriet Jacobs, a former slave from North Carolina, published an autobiographical slave narrative in 1861. She exposed the hardships of both male and female slaves but ultimately concluded that “slavery is terrible for men; but it is far more terrible for women.”

In this particular example, Jacobs is providing a crucial first-hand perspective on slavery. Thus, her words deserve more exposure than a paraphrase could provide.

Jacobs is quoted in Harriet A. Jacobs, Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl, ed. Jean Fagan Yellin (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1987).

Analyzing how others use language.

This scenario is probably most common in literature and linguistics courses, but you might also find yourself writing about the use of language in history and social science classes. If the use of language is your primary topic, then you will obviously need to quote users of that language.

Examples of topics that might require the frequent use of quotations include:

Southern colloquial expressions in William Faulkner’s Light in August

Ms. and the creation of a language of female empowerment

A comparison of three British poets and their use of rhyme

Spicing up your prose.

In order to lend variety to your prose, you may wish to quote a source with particularly vivid language. All quotations, however, must closely relate to your topic and arguments. Do not insert a quotation solely for its literary merits.

One example of a quotation that adds flair:

President Calvin Coolidge’s tendency to fall asleep became legendary. As H. L. Mencken commented in the American Mercury in 1933, “Nero fiddled, but Coolidge only snored.”

How do I set up and follow up a quotation?

Once you’ve carefully selected the quotations that you want to use, your next job is to weave those quotations into your text. The words that precede and follow a quotation are just as important as the quotation itself. You can think of each quote as the filling in a sandwich: it may be tasty on its own, but it’s messy to eat without some bread on either side of it. Your words can serve as the “bread” that helps readers digest each quote easily. Below are four guidelines for setting up and following up quotations.

In illustrating these four steps, we’ll use as our example, Franklin Roosevelt’s famous quotation, “The only thing we have to fear is fear itself.”

1. Provide context for each quotation.

Do not rely on quotations to tell your story for you. It is your responsibility to provide your reader with context for the quotation. The context should set the basic scene for when, possibly where, and under what circumstances the quotation was spoken or written. So, in providing context for our above example, you might write:

When Franklin Roosevelt gave his inaugural speech on March 4, 1933, he addressed a nation weakened and demoralized by economic depression.

2. Attribute each quotation to its source.

Tell your reader who is speaking. Here is a good test: try reading your text aloud. Could your reader determine without looking at your paper where your quotations begin? If not, you need to attribute the quote more noticeably.

Avoid getting into the “they said” attribution rut! There are many other ways to attribute quotes besides this construction. Here are a few alternative verbs, usually followed by “that”:

Different reporting verbs are preferred by different disciplines, so pay special attention to these in your disciplinary reading. If you’re unfamiliar with the meanings of any of these words or others you find in your reading, consult a dictionary before using them.

3. Explain the significance of the quotation.

Once you’ve inserted your quotation, along with its context and attribution, don’t stop! Your reader still needs your assessment of why the quotation holds significance for your paper. Using our Roosevelt example, if you were writing a paper on the first one-hundred days of FDR’s administration, you might follow the quotation by linking it to that topic:

With that message of hope and confidence, the new president set the stage for his next one-hundred days in office and helped restore the faith of the American people in their government.

4. Provide a citation for the quotation.

All quotations, just like all paraphrases, require a formal citation. For more details about particular citation formats, see the UNC Libraries citation tutorial . In general, you should remember one rule of thumb: Place the parenthetical reference or footnote/endnote number after—not within—the closed quotation mark.

Roosevelt declared, “The only thing we have to fear is fear itself” (Roosevelt, Public Papers, 11).

Roosevelt declared, “The only thing we have to fear is fear itself.”1

How do I embed a quotation into a sentence?

In general, avoid leaving quotes as sentences unto themselves. Even if you have provided some context for the quote, a quote standing alone can disrupt your flow.  Take a look at this example:

Hamlet denies Rosencrantz’s claim that thwarted ambition caused his depression. “I could be bounded in a nutshell and count myself a king of infinite space” (Hamlet 2.2).

Standing by itself, the quote’s connection to the preceding sentence is unclear. There are several ways to incorporate a quote more smoothly:

Lead into the quote with a colon.

Hamlet denies Rosencrantz’s claim that thwarted ambition caused his depression: “I could be bounded in a nutshell and count myself a king of infinite space” (Hamlet 2.2).

The colon announces that a quote will follow to provide evidence for the sentence’s claim.

Introduce or conclude the quote by attributing it to the speaker. If your attribution precedes the quote, you will need to use a comma after the verb.

Hamlet denies Rosencrantz’s claim that thwarted ambition caused his depression. He states, “I could be bounded in a nutshell and count myself a king of infinite space” (Hamlet 2.2).

When faced with a twelve-foot mountain troll, Ron gathers his courage, shouting, “Wingardium Leviosa!” (Rowling, p. 176).

The Pirate King sees an element of regality in their impoverished and dishonest life. “It is, it is a glorious thing/To be a pirate king,” he declares (Pirates of Penzance, 1983).

Interrupt the quote with an attribution to the speaker. Again, you will need to use a comma after the verb, as well as a comma leading into the attribution.

“There is nothing either good or bad,” Hamlet argues, “but thinking makes it so” (Hamlet 2.2).

“And death shall be no more,” Donne writes, “Death thou shalt die” (“Death, Be Not Proud,” l. 14).

Dividing the quote may highlight a particular nuance of the quote’s meaning. In the first example, the division calls attention to the two parts of Hamlet’s claim. The first phrase states that nothing is inherently good or bad; the second phrase suggests that our perspective causes things to become good or bad. In the second example, the isolation of “Death thou shalt die” at the end of the sentence draws a reader’s attention to that phrase in particular. As you decide whether or not you want to break up a quote, you should consider the shift in emphasis that the division might create.

Use the words of the quote grammatically within your own sentence.

When Hamlet tells Rosencrantz that he “could be bounded in a nutshell and count [him]self a king of infinite space” (Hamlet 2.2), he implies that thwarted ambition did not cause his depression.

Ultimately, death holds no power over Donne since in the afterlife, “death shall be no more” (“Death, Be Not Proud,” l. 14).

Note that when you use “that” after the verb that introduces the quote, you no longer need a comma.

The Pirate King argues that “it is, it is a glorious thing/to be a pirate king” (Pirates of Penzance, 1983).

How much should I quote?

As few words as possible. Remember, your paper should primarily contain your own words, so quote only the most pithy and memorable parts of sources. Here are guidelines for selecting quoted material judiciously:

Excerpt fragments.

Sometimes, you should quote short fragments, rather than whole sentences. Suppose you interviewed Jane Doe about her reaction to John F. Kennedy’s assassination. She commented:

“I couldn’t believe it. It was just unreal and so sad. It was just unbelievable. I had never experienced such denial. I don’t know why I felt so strongly. Perhaps it was because JFK was more to me than a president. He represented the hopes of young people everywhere.”

You could quote all of Jane’s comments, but her first three sentences are fairly redundant. You might instead want to quote Jane when she arrives at the ultimate reason for her strong emotions:

Jane Doe grappled with grief and disbelief. She had viewed JFK, not just as a national figurehead, but as someone who “represented the hopes of young people everywhere.”

Excerpt those fragments carefully!

Quoting the words of others carries a big responsibility. Misquoting misrepresents the ideas of others. Here’s a classic example of a misquote:

John Adams has often been quoted as having said: “This would be the best of all possible worlds if there were no religion in it.”

John Adams did, in fact, write the above words. But if you see those words in context, the meaning changes entirely. Here’s the rest of the quotation:

Twenty times, in the course of my late reading, have I been on the point of breaking out, ‘this would be the best of all possible worlds, if there were no religion in it!!!!’ But in this exclamation, I should have been as fanatical as Bryant or Cleverly. Without religion, this world would be something not fit to be mentioned in public company—I mean hell.

As you can see from this example, context matters!

This example is from Paul F. Boller, Jr. and John George, They Never Said It: A Book of Fake Quotes, Misquotes, and Misleading Attributions (Oxford University Press, 1989).

Use block quotations sparingly.

There may be times when you need to quote long passages. However, you should use block quotations only when you fear that omitting any words will destroy the integrity of the passage. If that passage exceeds four lines (some sources say five), then set it off as a block quotation.

Be sure you are handling block quotes correctly in papers for different academic disciplines–check the index of the citation style guide you are using. Here are a few general tips for setting off your block quotations:

• Set up a block quotation with your own words followed by a colon.
• Indent. You normally indent 4-5 spaces for the start of a paragraph. When setting up a block quotation, indent the entire paragraph once from the left-hand margin.
• Single space or double space within the block quotation, depending on the style guidelines of your discipline (MLA, CSE, APA, Chicago, etc.).
• Do not use quotation marks at the beginning or end of the block quote—the indentation is what indicates that it’s a quote.
• Place parenthetical citation according to your style guide (usually after the period following the last sentence of the quote).
• Follow up a block quotation with your own words.

So, using the above example from John Adams, here’s how you might include a block quotation:

After reading several doctrinally rigid tracts, John Adams recalled the zealous ranting of his former teacher, Joseph Cleverly, and minister, Lemuel Bryant. He expressed his ambivalence toward religion in an 1817 letter to Thomas Jefferson:

Adams clearly appreciated religion, even if he often questioned its promotion.

How do I combine quotation marks with other punctuation marks?

It can be confusing when you start combining quotation marks with other punctuation marks. You should consult a style manual for complicated situations, but the following two rules apply to most cases:

Keep periods and commas within quotation marks.

So, for example:

According to Professor Poe, werewolves “represent anxiety about the separation between human and animal,” and werewolf movies often “interrogate those boundaries.”

In the above example, both the comma and period were enclosed in the quotation marks. The main exception to this rule involves the use of internal citations, which always precede the last period of the sentence. For example:

According to Professor Poe, werewolves “represent anxiety about the separation between human and animal,” and werewolf movies often “interrogate those boundaries” (Poe 167).

Note, however, that the period remains inside the quotation marks when your citation style involves superscript footnotes or endnotes. For example:

According to Professor Poe, werewolves “represent anxiety about the separation between human and animal,” and werewolf movies often “interrogate those boundaries.” 2

Place all other punctuation marks (colons, semicolons, exclamation marks, question marks) outside the quotation marks, except when they were part of the original quotation.

Take a look at the following examples:

I couldn’t believe it when my friend passed me a note in the cafe saying the management “started charging $15 per hour for parking”!

The coach yelled, “Run!”

In the first example, the author placed the exclamation point outside the quotation mark because she added it herself to emphasize the outrageous nature of the parking price change. The original note had not included an exclamation mark. In the second example, the exclamation mark remains within the quotation mark because it is indicating the excited tone in which the coach yelled the command. Thus, the exclamation mark is considered to be part of the original quotation.

How do I indicate quotations within quotations?

If you are quoting a passage that contains a quotation, then you use single quotation marks for the internal quotation. Quite rarely, you quote a passage that has a quotation within a quotation. In that rare instance, you would use double quotation marks for the second internal quotation.

Here’s an example of a quotation within a quotation:

In “The Emperor’s New Clothes,” Hans Christian Andersen wrote, “‘But the Emperor has nothing on at all!’ cried a little child.”

Remember to consult your style guide to determine how to properly cite a quote within a quote.

When do I use those three dots ( . . . )?

Whenever you want to leave out material from within a quotation, you need to use an ellipsis, which is a series of three periods, each of which should be preceded and followed by a space. So, an ellipsis in this sentence would look like . . . this. There are a few rules to follow when using ellipses:

Be sure that you don’t fundamentally change the meaning of the quotation by omitting material.

Take a look at the following example:

“The Writing Center is located on the UNC campus and serves the entire UNC community.”

“The Writing Center . . . serves the entire UNC community.”

The reader’s understanding of the Writing Center’s mission to serve the UNC community is not affected by omitting the information about its location.

Do not use ellipses at the beginning or ending of quotations, unless it’s important for the reader to know that the quotation was truncated.

For example, using the above example, you would NOT need an ellipsis in either of these situations:

“The Writing Center is located on the UNC campus . . .”

The Writing Center ” . . . serves the entire UNC community.”

Use punctuation marks in combination with ellipses when removing material from the end of sentences or clauses.

For example, if you take material from the end of a sentence, keep the period in as usual.

“The boys ran to school, forgetting their lunches and books. Even though they were out of breath, they made it on time.”

“The boys ran to school. . . . Even though they were out of breath, they made it on time.”

Likewise, if you excerpt material at the end of clause that ends in a comma, retain the comma.

“The red car came to a screeching halt that was heard by nearby pedestrians, but no one was hurt.”

“The red car came to a screeching halt . . . , but no one was hurt.”

Is it ever okay to insert my own words or change words in a quotation?

Sometimes it is necessary for clarity and flow to alter a word or words within a quotation. You should make such changes rarely. In order to alert your reader to the changes you’ve made, you should always bracket the altered words. Here are a few examples of situations when you might need brackets:

Changing verb tense or pronouns in order to be consistent with the rest of the sentence.

Suppose you were quoting a woman who, when asked about her experiences immigrating to the United States, commented “nobody understood me.” You might write:

Esther Hansen felt that when she came to the United States “nobody understood [her].”

In the above example, you’ve changed “me” to “her” in order to keep the entire passage in third person. However, you could avoid the need for this change by simply rephrasing:

“Nobody understood me,” recalled Danish immigrant Esther Hansen.

Including supplemental information that your reader needs in order to understand the quotation.

For example, if you were quoting someone’s nickname, you might want to let your reader know the full name of that person in brackets.

“The principal of the school told Billy [William Smith] that his contract would be terminated.”

Similarly, if a quotation referenced an event with which the reader might be unfamiliar, you could identify that event in brackets.

“We completely revised our political strategies after the strike [of 1934].”

Indicating the use of nonstandard grammar or spelling.

In rare situations, you may quote from a text that has nonstandard grammar, spelling, or word choice. In such cases, you may want to insert [sic], which means “thus” or “so” in Latin. Using [sic] alerts your reader to the fact that this nonstandard language is not the result of a typo on your part. Always italicize “sic” and enclose it in brackets. There is no need to put a period at the end. Here’s an example of when you might use [sic]:

Twelve-year-old Betsy Smith wrote in her diary, “Father is afraid that he will be guilty of beach [sic] of contract.”

Here [sic] indicates that the original author wrote “beach of contract,” not breach of contract, which is the accepted terminology.

Do not overuse brackets!

For example, it is not necessary to bracket capitalization changes that you make at the beginning of sentences. For example, suppose you were going to use part of this quotation:

“The colors scintillated curiously over a hard carapace, and the beetle’s tiny antennae made gentle waving motions as though saying hello.”

If you wanted to begin a sentence with an excerpt from the middle of this quotation, there would be no need to bracket your capitalization changes.

“The beetle’s tiny antennae made gentle waving motions as though saying hello,” said Dr. Grace Farley, remembering a defining moment on her journey to becoming an entomologist.

Not: “[T]he beetle’s tiny antennae made gentle waving motions as though saying hello,” said Dr. Grace Farley, remembering a defining moment on her journey to becoming an entomologist.

Works consulted

We consulted these works while writing this handout. This is not a comprehensive list of resources on the handout’s topic, and we encourage you to do your own research to find additional publications. Please do not use this list as a model for the format of your own reference list, as it may not match the citation style you are using. For guidance on formatting citations, please see the UNC Libraries citation tutorial . We revise these tips periodically and welcome feedback.

Barzun, Jacques, and Henry F. Graff. 2012. The Modern Researcher , 6th ed. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Cengage Learning.

Booth, Wayne C., Gregory G. Colomb, Joseph M. Williams, Joseph Bizup, and William T. FitzGerald. 2016. The Craft of Research , 4th ed. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Gibaldi, Joseph. 2009. MLA Handbook for Writers of Research Papers , 7th ed. New York: The Modern Language Association of America.

Turabian, Kate. 2018. A Manual for Writers of Term Papers, Theses, Dissertations , 9th ed. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

You may reproduce it for non-commercial use if you use the entire handout and attribute the source: The Writing Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

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High Ground or High Fantasy: Defense Utility of Cislunar Space

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In 2020, the U.S. State Department and NASA launched the Artemis Accords, a set of principles designed to guide civil space exploration and use of the Moon, cislunar space, and other celestial bodies. This heightened interest in the Moon has triggered debates about the military utility of the celestial body and the area around it. The following two essays offer contrasting views on the military importance of the Moon and cislunar space. One view argues the U.S. Space Force should incorporate the Moon into its doctrinal and operational thinking. The opposing view recommends that Space Force avoid letting the Moon and cislunar space distract the service from threats and risks posed by other states to spacecraft in Earth’s orbit.

Authors: Namrata Goswami, Bleddyn Bowen, and Sam Wilson

This paper is part of a new series the Center for Space Policy and Strategy is publishing called “The Debate Series.” Each of these papers includes two essays written by analysts and pundits external to The Aerospace Corporation that hold different positions from one another. After having written their essay, the external authors had the opportunity to review the opposing essay and offer a rebuttal. Although these essays do not necessarily reflect views of the Center for Space Policy and Strategy, the Center is publishing these essays to clarify debates on national security space issues and to try to make them accessible to a broader audience.

Download this paper at: https://csps.aerospace.org/papers/high-ground-or-high-fantasy-defense-utility-cislunar-space

Chiefs' Harrison Butker strikes against Pride Month, lauds wife's role as 'homemaker'

Kansas City Chiefs placekicker Harrison Butker used his platform as a commencement speaker at Benedictine College last weekend to attack Pride Month and transgender people, the coronavirus pandemic, while also telling women to get back in the kitchen.

Benedictine College is a Catholic private liberal arts school in Atchison, Kansas, and Butker used his 20 minutes on stage to opine his thoughts, starting with Pride Month and, what he called "dangerous gender ideologies."

"Not the deadly sins sort of Pride that has an entire month dedicated to it," Butker said, "but the true God-centered pride that is cooperating with the holy ghost to glorify him."

Pride Month has been celebrated in June since 1969.

Butker also shared his thoughts on COVID-19, which has killed nearly 1.2 million people in the United States, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention :

All things Chiefs: Latest Kansas City Chiefs news, schedule, roster, stats, injury updates and more.

"While COVID might have played a large role throughout your formative years, it is not unique," Butker said. "The bad policies and poor leadership have negatively impacted major life issues. Things like abortion, IVF, surrogacy, euthanasia, as well as a growing support for the degenerate cultural values and media all stem from pervasiveness of disorder."

Women were also under scrutiny by Butker.

"I can tell you that my beautiful wife, Isabelle, would be the first to say that her life truly started when she began living her vocation as a wife and a mother. I’m on this stage, and able to be the man I am, because I have a wife who leans into her vocation," Butker said.

"I’m beyond blessed with the many talents God has given me, but it cannot be overstated that all of my success is made possible because a girl I met in band class back in middle school would convert to the faith, become my wife, and embrace one of the most important titles of all: homemaker."

Those who didn't fit in that category, Butker had more words for them.

"I think it is you, the women, who have had the most diabolic lies told to you," he said. "Some of you may go on to lead successful careers in the world but I would venture to guess that the majority of you are most excited about your marriage and the children you will bring into this world."

Butker has been with the Chiefs since 2017 and has won three Super Bowl championships. He holds records for the longest field goal in a Super Bowl and career field goals in the Super Bowl with nine.

Here’s How Ivy League Schools Evaluate Student GPAs

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One of the main gates on the Brown University campus, decorated with the University crest. (Photo by ... [+] Rick Friedman/Corbis via Getty Images)

A stellar GPA is one of the building blocks of a successful Ivy League application, and as the school year winds down, many students are anxiously seeking to give theirs a final boost. While most students and families understand the importance of a 4.0, few are aware of how top colleges evaluate student GPAs or what they look for when reviewing student transcripts. Though your GPA may seem to be a simple metric, nothing could be further from the case—colleges consider more than just the number, accounting for complexities such as diverse grading systems across schools, trends in grade inflation, and level of course rigor.

Here are three important facts to keep in mind about your GPA as you choose your courses:

1. Your GPA isn’t directly comparable to GPAs of students at other schools.

One common misconception among college applicants is that they can compare their GPAs with those of students attending different schools. However, the GPA is not a universal metric but rather a reflection of an individual's academic performance within their specific educational environment. As a result, comparing GPAs from different schools is like comparing apples and oranges. For instance, some schools offer a plethora of Advanced Placement, International Baccalaureate and honors courses, while others may have limited options or offer none at all. Additionally, the weight assigned to AP versus honors versus regular classes varies from school to school. So, your GPA may not hold the same weight as those of your peers at different schools, even if you all have 4.0s.

Admissions officers understand that schools vary in their rigor, curriculum, and grading policies. Therefore, they evaluate your GPA in the context of your high school, considering the courses offered and the academic challenges presented. Instead of fixating on how your GPA compares to your friends’ from other schools, focus on challenging yourself and taking advantage of all the opportunities available to you at your school.

2. GPAs across the country are inflated—and colleges know it.

The last few years have seen surges in high school student GPAs nationwide. While GPA inflation has been on the rise over the last decade, average ACT composite scores are steadily declining. “For the 1.4 million ACT test-takers in the high school class of 2023, the average composite score on the exam was 19.5 out of 36, the lowest score since 1991,” according to The New York Times New York Times . The parallel differences, coupled with academic differences across schools, suggest that GPA must be considered in tandem with multiple other factors. Simply put, an A no longer means what it used to on a transcript.

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Ivy League schools and other top colleges are well aware of this trend and evaluate student GPAs alongside other metrics such as standardized test scores and AP exam scores in order to better understand a student’s academic skill sets. While some Ivy League and other top schools remain test-optional , they still emphasize course rigor and the context from your high school profile to understand the grades on your transcript.

3. Colleges will recalculate your GPA.

Given the abundance of variables in GPA calculations, colleges often recalculate the metric to create a standardized baseline for comparison between students across different schools. The recalibration may involve adjusting for variations in grading scales or the weighting of honors, IB or AP courses. The University of California system, for example, calculates students’ UC GPAs by converting grades to grade points (an A is equivalent to four points, a B to three points and so on) for classes taken between the summer after 9th grade and summer after 11th grade, and adding one point for each honors class, and dividing by total classes taken to yield final GPA. (Variations exist for in-state versus out-of-state students and by high school. Be sure to calculate your GPA following the UC issued guidelines.)

Other colleges also take additional factors that impact academic performance into consideration, and envelop GPA into a broader, holistic consideration. For instance, the lawsuit by Students for Fair Admissions against Harvard University over affirmative action practices revealed that Harvard rates students on a scale of 1 to 6 (with one being the most desirable) in academic, extracurricular, athletic and personal categories. A student’s GPA and test scores are folded together into an academic score which “summarizes the applicant’s academic achievement and potential based on grades, testing results, letters of recommendation, academic prizes, and any submitted academic work.”

This process aims to provide a fair and equitable evaluation of students from different educational backgrounds. Keep in mind that Harvard considers not only your grades, test scores, and academic rigor in this score, but also “evidence of substantial scholarship” and “academic creativity,” which can make the difference between a 1 and a 2 in the scoring system. These systems underscore the importance of taking advantage of every opportunity, showcasing your unique personality and creativity, and seeking to maximize opportunities to improve your performance within the academic landscape of your institution.

By understanding the complex way by which colleges evaluate students’ GPAs, you are better equipped to present a comprehensive and competitive picture of your academic achievements on your transcript and stand out in the competitive Ivy League admissions landscape.

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Performance edge: Investors hone their strategies for a new era

Times are changing for institutional investors. After three decades of a stable economic order that helped facilitate strong returns and steady growth, institutional investors now face a new era marked by uncertainty, disruption, and radical shifts in public expectations of business and society. A global pandemic, a war in Europe, an energy crisis, disruptions in global supply chains, inflation, and growing social division are just a few signs of disorder. In this context, the course of future events has become much harder to foresee and returns may be more difficult to come by.

About the authors

This article is a collaborative effort by Ismail Bel-Bachir, Sacha Ghai , Duncan Kauffman , Eser Keskiner , Robin Matthias , Elizabeth Skovira, and Marcos Tarnowski , representing views from McKinsey’s Private Equity & Principal Investors Practice.

To understand how institutional investors are responding to the new circumstances, we collected perspectives from senior executives at 40 of the world’s leading pension and sovereign-wealth funds, which collectively manage $10 trillion in assets. Our research uncovered insights into how institutional investors are navigating these external upheavals. As they aim to evolve their strategies in a far more unpredictable world, leading institutions are seeking to hone their “performance edge” by focusing on purpose, portfolio construction, and proficiency.

Interviewees: We’re at a turning point

Past turning points have released forces that fundamentally shaped the subsequent era. Consider how the breakup of the Soviet Union ushered in three decades of peace, rising prosperity, and global economic integration that institutional investors have grown accustomed to. In that environment, the median institutional investor produced 9.5 percent in annual returns from 2012 to 2021 (exhibit).

Institutional investors we interviewed unanimously agree that the current environment is radically different from the global investment conditions of the previous three decades. Indeed, interviewees recognize shifts in five domains that are likely to define the current era : shifts in the world order, technology platforms, demographic forces, resource and energy systems, and capitalization. 1 These themes were previously identified in McKinsey analysis. For more, see Chris Bradley, Jeongmin Seong, Sven Smit, and Jonathan Woetzel, “On the cusp of a new era?,” McKinsey Global Institute, October 20, 2022.

A new world order

Changes in the world order are top of mind for institutional investor leaders globally. Ninety percent of interviewees cited these changes as a concern. The leader of a sovereign wealth fund said that the possibility of further geopolitical shocks has caused a rethinking of its investment horizon. Geopolitical tensions could also force institutions to divide their investment operations to limit information sharing. And many see an increase in economic regionalization.

Technology platforms

Technology emerged as an area of focus for more than four-fifths of respondents. Institutional investors are beginning to incorporate technology into their investment processes. They have also become targets of cyberattacks. In 2022, there was a 243 percent increase in ransomware attacks, a 269 percent increase in crypto jacking, and a 94 percent increase in intrusion attempts. 2 Mid-year update: 2022 SonicWall cyberthreat report , SonicWall, August 2022. This ongoing threat is causing leading institutions to bolster their risk management.

Demographic forces

Demographics looms large, with 76 percent of respondents raising it as an area of focus. Declining social mobility, increasing economic inequality, political polarization, and aging populations have prompted a renewed focus on social issues as an investment criterion and a consideration in guiding investors’ businesses.

Resource and energy systems

By far the most salient challenge for interviewees is global resources and energy systems. All investors we spoke to said it was a defining issue for their investment strategies. The amount of capital expenditure required is vast: about $275 trillion on physical assets for energy and land-use systems between 2021 and 2050 . 3 “The net-zero transition: What it would cost, what it could bring,” McKinsey Global Institute, January 2022. Institutional investor executives anticipate that they will be expected to finance a significant proportion of this outlay.

Many interviewees expressed unease about the challenges of reaching net zero and of managing pressure from vocal stakeholders who object to the adoption of net-zero strategies. They are constrained in their ability to accelerate the pace of change, particularly because the transition to net zero is riddled with challenges and nuances. For instance, one North American CEO pointed out that simply divesting from high-emitting assets is not an answer. What’s more, many expressed worry about the green transition creating further strain on global energy markets.

Capitalization

Last, three-quarters of interviewees named capitalization as a concern. Many described the rebalancing of the global balance sheet currently underway as a reset or a regime change. One North American chief investment officer considers this to be a near-term headwind for all asset classes but expects to persist with fundamental portfolio construction in the belief that the inflationary environment is here to stay.

Purpose, portfolio construction, and proficiency

In this context, institutional investors will need to be faster, nimbler, and better at anticipating and responding to change. Our interviews revealed that investors are intensely focused on three areas.

Institutional investors are built to deliver returns to their beneficiaries. But integrating environmental and social considerations is increasingly important. This change is highly visible as it relates to climate change, perhaps the world’s biggest long-term problem. As one interviewee observed, sustainable investing and long-term investing are the same thing.

When it comes to social considerations, institutional investors are at different stages of developing their strategies, with some launching social-impact investment programs while others focus on monitoring social factors within their portfolios. As institutional investors have intensified their work on social considerations, diversity within their own ranks has also come into focus; more than a quarter of institutions covered in our research have committed to improving diversity in the industry.

Portfolio construction

The challenge for investors is to develop a distinctive and nimble approach to portfolio construction. Interviewees’ short-term focus is to derisk their portfolios, paying attention to inflation-linked assets if they believe higher levels of inflation may be entrenched. Asset allocation is becoming more dynamic, with investors adjusting their exposures based on their expectations of medium-term trends.

As the macroeconomic environment becomes more challenging, many institutional investors are reexamining how they invest in private markets, paying more attention to their private-market exposures and the partners that manage them. More investors are jumping into early-stage investing, attracted by the value creation happening in the early stages of companies’ development.

Institutional investors have diverging views on emerging markets. While some investors are responding to current conditions by pulling back from emerging markets, others are continuing to buy but are increasingly focused on each country’s strengths and weaknesses.

Proficiency

As institutional investors have grown in scale and scope, many have sought to increase internal capabilities and move away from working with external partners. However, institutional investors recognize they cannot internally hold the full range of capabilities needed to thrive in an uncertain world.

A major question is where to focus on building capabilities and where to partner. Many institutional investors are building expertise in select areas and partnering with other organizations to complement their core capabilities. Some are exploring ways to combine resources to create longer-term, more stable pools of capital.

Technology can help support decision making around investments, and interviewees indicated that they are embedding data and analytics into their investment and portfolio management processes. Several leading investors are embedding digital and analytics–enabled tools directly into investment teams, with the goal of bypassing the need for separate analytics teams.

In the face of increased reliance on technology, many investors are looking to shore up capabilities in risk management, including in critical areas such as cybersecurity. Many institutions are responding to increasing risk by incorporating cyber risk in their due-diligence processes and reassessing their organizational cybersecurity.

Industry-wide, collaboration between institutional investors can help drive consensus on policy matters such as standardized environmental, social, and governance (ESG) metrics. Institutional investors are also increasingly compelled to work with public-sector stakeholders on global issues such as decarbonization, an area in which governments will likely be unable to underwrite the necessary investment on their own.

These changes, particularly ones related to internalizing capabilities, necessarily affect investors’ talent strategy. Professionals with skills in IT and responsible investing remain difficult to attract and retain. And many organizations are responding to macroeconomic challenges by looking for talent with skills such as partnership building and expertise across asset classes.

We believe this new era for institutional investors will create greater dispersion in investment outcomes. The institutional investors that evolve their purpose, their portfolios, and their proficiency to become more resilient, nimble, and responsive to the changing environment will have an edge in the next decade.

Download the full report on which this article is based,   Performance edge: Investors hone their strategies for a new era  (PDF–2.53 MB)

Ismail Bel-Bachir is a partner in McKinsey’s Dubai office, Sacha Ghai is a senior partner in the Toronto office, Duncan Kauffman is a partner in the Melbourne office, Eser Keskiner is a partner in the Sydney office, Robin Matthias is a partner in the Zurich office, Elizabeth Skovira is a partner in the Boston office, and Marcos Tarnowski is a senior partner in the Montréal office.

The authors wish to thank Sara Bernow, Morgan Brokaw, Jonathan Christy, Antonino Piazza, Gregory Vainberg, and CEM Benchmarking for their contributions to this report.

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NeurIPS 2024 Datasets and Benchmarks Track

If you'd like to become a reviewer for the track, or recommend someone, please use this form .

The Datasets and Benchmarks track serves as a venue for high-quality publications, talks, and posters on highly valuable machine learning datasets and benchmarks, as well as a forum for discussions on how to improve dataset development. Datasets and benchmarks are crucial for the development of machine learning methods, but also require their own publishing and reviewing guidelines. For instance, datasets can often not be reviewed in a double-blind fashion, and hence full anonymization will not be required. On the other hand, they do require additional specific checks, such as a proper description of how the data was collected, whether they show intrinsic bias, and whether they will remain accessible. The Datasets and Benchmarks track is proud to support the open source movement by encouraging submissions of open-source libraries and tools that enable or accelerate ML research.

The previous editions of the Datasets and Benchmarks track were highly successful; you can view the accepted papers from 2021 , 2002 , and 2023 , and the winners of the best paper awards 2021 , 2022 and 2023

CRITERIA. W e are aiming for an equally stringent review as the main conference, yet better suited to datasets and benchmarks. Submissions to this track will be reviewed according to a set of criteria and best practices specifically designed for datasets and benchmarks , as described below. A key criterion is accessibility: datasets should be available and accessible , i.e. the data can be found and obtained without a personal request to the PI, and any required code should be open source. We encourage the authors to use Croissant format ( https://mlcommons.org/working-groups/data/croissant/ ) to document their datasets in machine readable way.   Next to a scientific paper, authors should also submit supplementary materials such as detail on how the data was collected and organised, what kind of information it contains, how it should be used ethically and responsibly, as well as how it will be made available and maintained.

RELATIONSHIP TO NeurIPS.  Submissions to the track will be part of the main NeurIPS conference , presented alongside the main conference papers. Accepted papers will be officially published in the NeurIPS proceedings .

SUBMISSIONS.  There will be one deadline this year. It is also still possible to submit datasets and benchmarks to the main conference (under the usual review process), but dual submission to both is not allowed (unless you retracted your paper from the main conference). We also cannot transfer papers from the main track to the D&B track. Authors can choose to submit either single-blind or double-blind . If it is possible to properly review the submission double-blind, i.e., reviewers do not need access to non-anonymous repositories to review the work, then authors can also choose to submit the work anonymously. Papers will not be publicly visible during the review process. Only accepted papers will become visible afterward. The reviews themselves are not visible during the review phase but will be published after decisions have been made. The datasets themselves should be accessible to reviewers but can be publicly released at a later date (see below). New authors cannot be added after the abstract deadline and they should have an OpenReview profile by the paper deadline. NeurIPS does not tolerate any collusion whereby authors secretly cooperate with reviewers, ACs or SACs to obtain favourable reviews.

SCOPE. This track welcomes all work on data-centric machine learning research (DMLR) and open-source libraries and tools that enable or accelerate ML research, covering ML datasets and benchmarks as well as algorithms, tools, methods, and analyses for working with ML data. This includes but is not limited to:

• New datasets, or carefully and thoughtfully designed (collections of) datasets based on previously available data.
• Data generators and reinforcement learning environments.
• Data-centric AI methods and tools, e.g. to measure and improve data quality or utility, or studies in data-centric AI that bring important new insight.
• Advanced practices in data collection and curation that are of general interest even if the data itself cannot be shared.
• Frameworks for responsible dataset development, audits of existing datasets, identifying significant problems with existing datasets and their use
• Benchmarks on new or existing datasets, as well as benchmarking tools.
• In-depth analyses of machine learning challenges and competitions (by organisers and/or participants) that yield important new insight.
• Systematic analyses of existing systems on novel datasets yielding important new insight.

Read our original blog post for more about why we started this track.

Important dates

• Abstract submission deadline: May 29, 2024
• Full paper submission and co-author registration deadline: Jun 5, 2024
• Supplementary materials submission deadline: Jun 12, 2024
• Review deadline - Jul 24, 2024
• Release of reviews and start of Author discussions on OpenReview: Aug 07, 2024
• End of author/reviewer discussions on OpenReview: Aug 31, 2024
• Author notification: Sep 26, 2024
• Camera-ready deadline: Oct 30, 2024 AOE

Note: The site will start accepting submissions on April 1 5 , 2024.

FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS

Q: My work is in scope for this track but possibly also for the main conference. Where should I submit it?

A: This is ultimately your choice. Consider the main contribution of the submission and how it should be reviewed. If the main contribution is a new dataset, benchmark, or other work that falls into the scope of the track (see above), then it is ideally reviewed accordingly. As discussed in our blog post, the reviewing procedures of the main conference are focused on algorithmic advances, analysis, and applications, while the reviewing in this track is equally stringent but designed to properly assess datasets and benchmarks. Other, more practical considerations are that this track allows single-blind reviewing (since anonymization is often impossible for hosted datasets) and intended audience, i.e., make your work more visible for people looking for datasets and benchmarks.

Q: How will paper accepted to this track be cited?

A: Accepted papers will appear as part of the official NeurIPS proceedings.

Q: Do I need to submit an abstract beforehand?

A: Yes, please check the important dates section for more information.

Q: My dataset requires open credentialized access. Can I submit to this track?

A: This will be possible on the condition that a credentialization is necessary for the public good (e.g. because of ethically sensitive medical data), and that an established credentialization procedure is in place that is 1) open to a large section of the public, 2) provides rapid response and access to the data, and 3) is guaranteed to be maintained for many years. A good example here is PhysioNet Credentialing, where users must first understand how to handle data with human subjects, yet is open to anyone who has learned and agrees with the rules. This should be seen as an exceptional measure, and NOT as a way to limit access to data for other reasons (e.g. to shield data behind a Data Transfer Agreement). Misuse would be grounds for desk rejection. During submission, you can indicate that your dataset involves open credentialized access, in which case the necessity, openness, and efficiency of the credentialization process itself will also be checked.

SUBMISSION INSTRUCTIONS

A submission consists of:

• Please carefully follow the Latex template for this track when preparing proposals. We follow the NeurIPS format, but with the appropriate headings, and without hiding the names of the authors. Download the template as a bundle here .
• Papers should be submitted via OpenReview
• Reviewing is in principle single-blind, hence the paper should not be anonymized. In cases where the work can be reviewed equally well anonymously, anonymous submission is also allowed.
• During submission, you can add a public link to the dataset or benchmark data. If the dataset can only be released later, you must include instructions for reviewers on how to access the dataset. This can only be done after the first submission by sending an official note to the reviewers in OpenReview. We highly recommend making the dataset publicly available immediately or before the start of the NeurIPS conference. In select cases, requiring solid motivation, the release date can be stretched up to a year after the submission deadline.
• Dataset documentation and intended uses. Recommended documentation frameworks include datasheets for datasets , dataset nutrition labels , data statements for NLP , data cards , and accountability frameworks .
• URL to website/platform where the dataset/benchmark can be viewed and downloaded by the reviewers. 
• URL to Croissant metadata record documenting the dataset/benchmark available for viewing and downloading by the reviewers. You can create your Croissant metadata using e.g. the Python library available here: https://github.com/mlcommons/croissant
• Author statement that they bear all responsibility in case of violation of rights, etc., and confirmation of the data license.
• Hosting, licensing, and maintenance plan. The choice of hosting platform is yours, as long as you ensure access to the data (possibly through a curated interface) and will provide the necessary maintenance.
• Links to access the dataset and its metadata. This can be hidden upon submission if the dataset is not yet publicly available but must be added in the camera-ready version. In select cases, e.g when the data can only be released at a later date, this can be added afterward (up to a year after the submission deadline). Simulation environments should link to open source code repositories
• The dataset itself should ideally use an open and widely used data format. Provide a detailed explanation on how the dataset can be read. For simulation environments, use existing frameworks or explain how they can be used.
• Long-term preservation: It must be clear that the dataset will be available for a long time, either by uploading to a data repository or by explaining how the authors themselves will ensure this
• Explicit license: Authors must choose a license, ideally a CC license for datasets, or an open source license for code (e.g. RL environments). An overview of licenses can be found here: https://paperswithcode.com/datasets/license
• Add structured metadata to a dataset's meta-data page using Web standards (like schema.org and DCAT ): This allows it to be discovered and organized by anyone. A guide can be found here: https://developers.google.com/search/docs/data-types/dataset . If you use an existing data repository, this is often done automatically.
• Highly recommended: a persistent dereferenceable identifier (e.g. a DOI  minted by a data repository or a prefix on identifiers.org ) for datasets, or a code repository (e.g. GitHub, GitLab,...) for code. If this is not possible or useful, please explain why.
• For benchmarks, the supplementary materials must ensure that all results are easily reproducible. Where possible, use a reproducibility framework such as the ML reproducibility checklist , or otherwise guarantee that all results can be easily reproduced, i.e. all necessary datasets, code, and evaluation procedures must be accessible and documented.
• For papers introducing best practices in creating or curating datasets and benchmarks, the above supplementary materials are not required.
• For papers resubmitted after being retracted from another venue: a brief discussion on the main concerns raised by previous reviewers and how you addressed them. You do not need to share the original reviews.
• For the dual submission and archiving, the policy follows the NeurIPS main track paper guideline .

Use of Large Language Models (LLMs): We welcome authors to use any tool that is suitable for preparing high-quality papers and research. However, we ask authors to keep in mind two important criteria. First, we expect papers to fully describe their methodology, and any tool that is important to that methodology, including the use of LLMs, should be described also. For example, authors should mention tools (including LLMs) that were used for data processing or filtering, visualization, facilitating or running experiments, and proving theorems. It may also be advisable to describe the use of LLMs in implementing the method (if this corresponds to an important, original, or non-standard component of the approach). Second, authors are responsible for the entire content of the paper, including all text and figures, so while authors are welcome to use any tool they wish for writing the paper, they must ensure that all text is correct and original.

REVIEWING AND SELECTION PROCESS

Reviewing will be single-blind, although authors can also submit anonymously if the submission allows that. A datasets and benchmarks program committee will be formed, consisting of experts on machine learning, dataset curation, and ethics. We will ensure diversity in the program committee, both in terms of background as well as technical expertise (e.g., data, ML, data ethics, social science expertise). Each paper will be reviewed by the members of the committee. In select cases where ethical concerns are flagged by reviewers, an ethics review may be performed as well.

Papers will not be publicly visible during the review process. Only accepted papers will become visible afterward. The reviews themselves are also not visible during the review phase but will be published after decisions have been made. Authors can choose to keep the datasets themselves hidden until a later release date, as long as reviewers have access.

The factors that will be considered when evaluating papers include:

• Utility and quality of the submission: Impact, originality, novelty, relevance to the NeurIPS community will all be considered. 
• Reproducibility: All submissions should be accompanied by sufficient information to reproduce the results described i.e. all necessary datasets, code, and evaluation procedures must be accessible and documented. We encourage the use of a reproducibility framework such as the ML reproducibility checklist to guarantee that all results can be easily reproduced. Benchmark submissions in particular should take care to ensure sufficient details are provided to ensure reproducibility. If submissions include code, please refer to the NeurIPS code submission guidelines .  
• Was code provided (e.g. in the supplementary material)? If provided, did you look at the code? Did you consider it useful in guiding your review? If not provided, did you wish code had been available?
• Ethics: Any ethical implications of the work should be addressed. Authors should rely on NeurIPS ethics guidelines as guidance for understanding ethical concerns.  
• Completeness of the relevant documentation: Per NeurIPS ethics guidelines , datasets must be accompanied by documentation communicating the details of the dataset as part of their submissions via structured templates (e.g. TODO). Sufficient detail must be provided on how the data was collected and organized, what kind of information it contains,  ethically and responsibly, and how it will be made available and maintained. 
• Licensing and access: Per NeurIPS ethics guidelines , authors should provide licenses for any datasets released. These should consider the intended use and limitations of the dataset, and develop licenses and terms of use to prevent misuse or inappropriate use.  
• Consent and privacy: Per  NeurIPS ethics guidelines , datasets should minimize the exposure of any personally identifiable information, unless informed consent from those individuals is provided to do so. Any paper that chooses to create a dataset with real data of real people should ask for the explicit consent of participants, or explain why they were unable to do so.
• Ethics and responsible use: Any ethical implications of new datasets should be addressed and guidelines for responsible use should be provided where appropriate. Note that, if your submission includes publicly available datasets (e.g. as part of a larger benchmark), you should also check these datasets for ethical issues. You remain responsible for the ethical implications of including existing datasets or other data sources in your work.
• Legal compliance: For datasets, authors should ensure awareness and compliance with regional legal requirements.

ADVISORY COMMITTEE

The following committee will provide advice on the organization of the track over the coming years: Sergio Escalera, Isabelle Guyon, Neil Lawrence, Dina Machuve, Olga Russakovsky, Joaquin Vanschoren, Serena Yeung.

DATASETS AND BENCHMARKS CHAIRS

Lora Aroyo, Google Francesco Locatello, Institute of Science and Technology Austria Lingjuan Lyu, Sony AI

Contact: [email protected]