ESSAYS ON FAMILY PLANNING POLICIES
by
Fei Wang
A Dissertation Presented to the
FACULTY OF THE USC GRADUATE SCHOOL
UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA
In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree
DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY
(ECONOMICS)
August 2014
Copyright 2014 Fei Wang
1
Acknowledgements
The most correct decision that I made six years ago is to have Professor John Strauss as
my advisor. He is a big name in Development Economics, and his mentoring is as
incomparable as his academic achievements. He has been giving uncountable advice,
from how to think, to how to word. I am going to start my academic career soon, and
will also have my own students. I think the best way of saying thanks to John is to
become someone like him, an accomplished scholar and a conscientious mentor.
I also greatly appreciate the advice of many professors, including but not limited
to Caroline Betts, Eileen Crimmins, Richard Easterlin, Cheng Hsiao, Adriana Lleras-
Muney, Roger Moon, Jeff Nugent, Anant Nyshadham, Geert Ridder, Guofu Tan,
Guillaume Vandenbroucke, and Simon Wilkie.
Department of Economics is a warm family. Without Young Miller and Morgan
Ponder, my life would be a mess. I enjoy fighting on with Will Kwon and Jaime Meza,
the other two graduating students of John. I am also excited to collaborate with Robson
Morgan, Brijesh Pinto, and Malgorzata Switek on academic projects. Knowing all my
friends in the department, too many to be listed, is one of the most amazing experiences
in my life.
This paper is particularly for my parents. They were exposed to the Great Famine
as young kids, to the Cultural Revolution as teenagers, and to the One-Child Policy as
parents. Without them, I myself would never have chances to make the Quantity-
Quality Trade-off Hypothesis a reality.
2
Table of Contents
Acknowledgements ........................................................................................................................ 1
List of Figures ................................................................................................................................... 3
List of Tables ..................................................................................................................................... 4
Abstract .............................................................................................................................................. 5
Chapter 1 Introduction ................................................................................................................ 6
Chapter 2 History of China's Family Planning Policies ................................................... 12
2.1 Period 0: Without family planning policies (1949-1962) .............................................. 15
2.2 Period 1: Mild and narrowly implemented family planning policy (1963-1970) 17
2.3 Period 2: Strong and widely implemented family planning policy (1971-1979) . 18
2.4 Period 3: One-child policy (since 1980) .............................................................................. 20
Chapter 3 Static Analysis ........................................................................................................... 23
3.1 Review of measures of China’s family planning policies .......................................... 24
3.2 Data ................................................................................................................................................ 29
3.3 Empirical strategy and policy measurement .................................................................... 33
3.4 Empirical results ........................................................................................................................ 40
3.4.1 Estimation results .............................................................................................................................. 40
3.4.2 Partial effects of family planning policies on the number of births .......................... 42
3.4.3 Simulated over-cohort fertility under several scenarios of policy history ............ 45
3.4.4 Policy effects by schooling and gender of the first birth ................................................ 49
3.4.5 Sensitivity of results to different policy measures ............................................................ 53
3.5 Conclusion ................................................................................................................................... 63
Chapter 4 Dynamic Analysis .................................................................................................... 64
4.1 Literature review on the application of duration analysis.......................................... 65
4.2 Data ................................................................................................................................................ 67
4.3 Duration model and policy measurement ........................................................................ 70
4.3.1 Duration model .................................................................................................................................. 70
4.3.2 Policy measurement ......................................................................................................................... 77
4.3.3 Other covariates ................................................................................................................................. 78
4.4 Empirical results ........................................................................................................................ 80
4.4.1 Estimation results .............................................................................................................................. 80
4.4.2 Policy effects on the probability of having a certain number of births ................... 84
4.4.3 Heterogeneous policy effects by urban-rural and ethnicity ......................................... 88
4.4.4 Policy effects on fertility decline by cohort ........................................................................... 90
4.4.5 Model without frailty .................................................................................................................... 100
4.5 Conclusion ................................................................................................................................ 101
Chapter 5 Conclusion ............................................................................................................... 102
Reference ...................................................................................................................................... 104
Appendix A ................................................................................................................................... 110
Appendix B ................................................................................................................................... 112
3
List of Figures
Figure 1.1 Total fertility rate of China by year .................................................................... 7
Figure 2.1 Overall, urban, and rural total fertility rates of China by year .................... 14
Figure 2.2 Overall, Han, and non-Han total fertility rates of China by year ................ 15
Figure 3.1 Number of births by cohort of mothers, CHNS versus census ................... 33
Figure 3.2 Probability of conception by age ...................................................................... 37
Figure 3.3 Intensity of exposure to period 1, 2 and 3 policies by cohort of women .... 38
Figure 3.4 Number of births by cohort of women ............................................................ 46
Figure 3.5 Predicted number of births under different policy histories ....................... 47
Figure 3.6 Predicted number of births with actual schooling and no schooling ......... 49
Figure 3.7 Probability of conception by age, separately plotted for urban Han women,
rural Han women, urban non-Han women, and rural non-Han women ............. 54
Figure 3.8 Probability of conception by age, separately plotted for cohorts 1950 or older,
cohorts 1951-60, cohorts 1961-70, and cohorts 1971 or younger ............................ 55
Figure 4.1 Distribution of durations between two births ................................................ 74
Figure 4.2 Comparison between predicted probabilities and actual fractions, by cohort
of women ........................................................................................................................ 86
Figure 4.3 Predicted probability of childlessness under different policy histories ..... 92
Figure 4.4 Predicted probability of having exactly 1 birth under different policy histories
.......................................................................................................................................... 93
Figure 4.5 Predicted probability of having exactly 2 births under different policy
histories .......................................................................................................................... 94
Figure 4.6 Predicted probability of having exactly 3 births under different policy
histories .......................................................................................................................... 95
Figure 4.7 Predicted probability of having 4 or more births under different policy
histories .......................................................................................................................... 96
Figure 4.8 Actual number of births, and the lower and upper bounds of predicted
number of births, by cohort of women ...................................................................... 98
Figure 4.9 Predicted number of births under different policy histories ....................... 99
4
List of Tables
Table 2.1 Secular and cross-sectional variations of birth quota ..................................... 22
Table 3.1 Descriptive statistics of selected variables for static analysis ........................ 31
Table 3.2 OLS regressions of number of births on determinants ................................... 40
Table 3.3 Effect of each policy on the number of births of each group of women ...... 43
Table 3.4 OLS regressions of number of births on determinants, by women’s schooling
and gender of the first birth ................................................................................................. 50
Table 3.5 Effect of each policy on the number of births of each group of women, by
women’s schooling and gender of the first birth ............................................................. 52
Table 3.6 OLS regressions of number of births on determinants, using different
probabilities of conception to construct policy measures ............................................... 56
Table 3.7 Effect of each policy on the number of births of each group of women, by the
probability of conception used to construct policy measures ........................................ 58
Table 3.8 OLS regressions of number of births on determinants, using incomplete
measures or measures lacking heterogeneity ................................................................... 60
Table 3.9 Effect of each policy on the number of births of each group of women, using
incomplete policy measures or measures lacking heterogeneity .................................. 62
Table 4.1 Number and fraction of women with certain number of birth spells .......... 68
Table 4.2 Descriptive statistics of selected variables for spells 1 to 4 ............................ 69
Table 4.3 Estimation results of the duration model ......................................................... 80
Table 4.4 Specification tests: 3-point frailty, 2-point frailty, or no fraity? ..................... 83
Table 4.5 Comparison between predicted probabilities and actual fractions, full and
subsamples ............................................................................................................................. 85
Table 4.6 Policy effects on the probability of having a certain number of births ........ 88
Table 4.7 Policy effects on the probability of having a certain number of births, by
urban-rural and ethnicity ..................................................................................................... 89
Table 4.8 Policy effects on the probability of having a certain number of births, models
without frailty versus with 3-point frailty....................................................................... 100
5
Abstract
This paper estimates the effect of family planning policies on fertility in China. Both
static and dynamic analyses are conducted. The static analysis estimates the policy
effects on the number of births that a woman has ever had, using a cross-sectional
sample of ever-married women with their birth records, from the China Health and
Nutrition Survey (CHNS). The dynamic analysis explores the relationship between
family planning policies and the likelihood of childbearing over time, using a panel
sample of CHNS that records women’s births in each year since age 15. The dynamic
analysis applies a multiple-spell mixed-proportional hazard model where the
unobserved individual heterogeneity is non-parametrically estimated, as suggested by
Heckman and Singer (1984). Both static and dynamic analyses show that, family
planning policies could explain about half of the fertility decline between cohorts 1943
and 1972 in the sample. Both analyses also improve policy measures adopted by
previous studies, and make them reflect more complete policy history, and capture
more heterogeneity of policy exposure. Particularly, the static analysis shows that,
different policy measures could lead to substantially different results, which highlights
the importance of measuring family planning policies appropriately.
6
Chapter 1 Introduction
After World War II, family planning programs, aiming to lower birth rates, started to
prevail in the developing world, triggered by popular beliefs that rapid population
growth could obstruct the economic development of developing countries (Bongaarts,
Mauldin, and Phillips, 1990; Lapham and Mauldin, 1985; Szreter, 1993). Soon
afterwards, fertility rates substantially dropped in many developing countries during
the 1970s and 1980s, particularly in Asia and Latin America (Bongaarts, Mauldin, and
Phillips, 1990; Lapham and Mauldin, 1985). The concurrence of family planning
programs and demographic transitions has spawned a large number of studies that
attempted to explore their relations.
Such coexistence also emerges in China, the most populous country and the
largest developing economy. China initiated family planning policies in 1963. The
policies evolve over three periods, from a mildly and narrowly enforced policy in the
1960s, to a widely and strongly implemented policy in the 1970s, and eventually
transformed to the harshest one-child policy in 1980. In parallel, Figure 1.1 illustrates
China’s total fertility rates from 1949 to 2001. During the 1950s and 1960s, fertility rates
stayed at high levels, except for a dip in 1959-1961 caused by a great famine. Since 1970,
fertility rates have dived from 6 to nearly 2 within just 10 years, and continued to
decline after 1980.
1
1
The most recent officially released total fertility rate, 1.18 in 2010, failed to convince many scholars who believed the
true figure should have been higher. Nevertheless, it has been a consensus that China’s current fertility rate is below
the replacement level.
7
Figure 1.1 Total fertility rate of China by year
Note: Data originally came from national surveys conducted by China’s statistical authorities, and were
collected by Yang (2004, pp. 264– 265).
This paper explores to what extent China’s family planning policies could
explain its fertility transition. Previous studies fail to reach an agreement on the issue.
Many papers conclude that family planning policies explained a sizable fraction of
China’s fertility decline. However, other studies argue that the policy effects had been
overstated.
The disagreement partly results from different ways of measuring family
planning policies. Furthermore, the policy measures generally have shortcomings.
Previous studies might set up policy measures based on incomplete policy history, or
apply endogenous measures to estimation. Moreover, their measures in general ignore
8
people’s heterogeneous exposure to policies. This paper tries to unify and improve
previous measures. First, this paper creates policy measures by taking advantage of
more complete policy variations over time and across people. Second, policy measures
will be mainly constructed on mothers’ birth cohort, which is exogenous. Third, this
paper heterogenizes policy measures by the length of mothers’ policy exposure and the
age at which they were exposed to policies. Such heterogeneity is characterized based
on women’s probability of conception by age. Estimation results are robust to the use of
different probabilities of conception.
Using the improved policy measures, this paper first estimates policy effects on
the total number of births that a woman has ever had. This static analysis uses a cross-
sectional sample of ever-married women from the China Health and Nutrition Survey
(CHNS). The sample records the entire birth history of a woman up to the year when
she was surveyed, as well as other demographic and socioeconomic variables.
Regressing the number of births on family planning policies and other
determinants, the static analysis draws several conclusions. First, with actual policy
exposure, the predicted number of births dropped by about 2 from cohort 1943 to
cohort 1972. While had there been no family planning policies, the number of births
would have declined by around 1 for the same cohort span. Therefore, family planning
policies could explain about half of the fertility decrease between cohorts 1943 and 1972
in the sample. As a comparison, women’s schooling could explain about 10% of the
fertility decline for the range of cohorts. Second, policy effects tend to be smaller for
more-educated women or a woman whose first birth is a son, than less-educated
9
women or a woman whose first birth is a daughter, probably because the former desire
fewer births than the latter, and thus receive lighter pressure from the policies. Third,
given the data and empirical specifications, using defective policy measures that are
adopted by previous studies may generate substantially different policy effects.
Because such static analysis is incapable to capture the dynamic process of
childbearing and other factors, the paper continues to explore the policy effect on
fertility with dynamic analysis, and adjusts the improved policy measures for the new
framework.
The dynamic analysis uses a panel sample, which is constructed from the cross-
sectional sample for the static analysis, and records women’s births and other
characteristics in each year since age 15.
The dynamic analysis applies a multiple spell duration model to evaluate policy
effects for the first four birth spells. The fertility outcome is a dummy variable
indicating whether a woman had a birth in some year. The duration model expresses
the probability of having a birth in some year as a non-linear function of observed
characteristics and unobserved individual heterogeneity. The observed variables
include family planning policies and other demographic and socio-economic factors
that have been considered to be related to fertility. Their coefficients are estimated
parametrically and are assumed to change over birth spells. The unobserved individual
heterogeneity is assumed to follow a mass-point distribution, and is estimated non-
parametrically. Specifically, the number of mass points and their locations and
10
probabilities are all estimated from the data, as suggested by Heckman and Singer
(1984).
Based on the estimated model, this paper derives the probability of childlessness,
having exactly 1, 2, 3, and 4 or more births. The predicted probabilities match well with
actual fractions in the data. By turning on and off the policy period by period, this paper
further calculates the probability difference with and without some period of policy.
Being exposed to the one-child policy reduces the probability of having exactly 2, 3, and
4 or more births by 12.4%, 72.1%, and 37.1%, respectively, and correspondingly
increases the probability of childlessness and having exactly 1 birth by 105.5% and
187.6%. Earlier periods of policy present similar patterns, but smaller effects. The
dynamic analysis further examines the policy effects by residential location and
ethnicity. Generally, the policy has stronger effects for urban women and ethnic
majorities than for rural women and minorities. These results are consistent with the
policy history.
Moreover, the dynamic analysis simulates fertility rates by birth cohort of
women under different policy histories. Conclusions are similar to the static analysis.
Family planning policies could explain about 40%-50% of the fertility decline between
cohort 1943 and 1972 in the sample. However, without any policy, fertility would still
have demonstrated a downward trend over cohorts.
In addition to family planning policies, other individual characteristics have
shown noticeable impact. Better-educated women tend to substantially decrease their
likelihood of childbearing. If a woman’s first birth is a son, she would be much less
11
likely to have a large number of births, which manifests the strong son preference in
China.
The whole paper is arranged as follows. Chapter 2 introduces the history of
China’s family planning policies. Chapter 3 conducts the static analysis. Chapter 4
continues with the dynamic analysis. Chapter 5 concludes.
12
Chapter 2 History of China's Family Planning Policies
China's Population and Family Planning Law
2
indicates:
The State adopts a comprehensive measure to control the size and raise the general
quality of the population. The State relies on publicity and education, advances in science and
technology, multi-purpose services and the establishment and improvement of the reward and
social security systems in carrying out the population and family planning programs.
The comprehensive measure, plainly speaking, chiefly comprises propaganda,
service and birth quota. Propaganda endeavors to convince the public that family
planning benefits the nation’s development and their own welfare. Local clinics offer
free contraceptives and low-priced family planning medical service. Being an exclusive
feature, birth quota limits the number of births per married couple. Those who comply
with the birth quota are rewarded, while violators are penalized.
According to the stringency and enforcement of the policy measures, China's
family planning policies can be segmented into four periods: the period without policies
(1949-1962), the period with mild and narrowly implemented policies (1963-1970), the
period with strong and widely enforced policies (1971-1979), and the period with the
harshest one-child policy (since 1980).
In each period, policies are tougher for urban people than for rural people,
because the ideologies of big families and son preference have been more deep-rooted
2
http://english.gov.cn/laws/2005-10/11/content_75954.htm. This paper studies family planning policies in the
People's Republic of China.
13
in rural areas. Moreover, policies are stricter for Han people
3
than for non-Han people
as family planning is less urgent for the latter whose fraction in the population is small.
The rest of this chapter introduces details for the policy evolution over periods,
4
and the urban-rural and ethnic policy differences, putting emphasis on birth quota.
Figure 2.1 and Figure 2.2 will further help visualize the policy history. Both figures
incorporate the overall total fertility rate (TFR) of China by calendar year. Figure 2.1
also shows urban and rural TFRs, and Figure 2.2 adds TFRs for Han and non-Han
people. Vertical dotted lines segment the policy periods.
5
3
Han is the major ethnicity of China. The 2010 Census of China indicated that 91.51% were Han Chinese
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sixth_National_Population_Census_of_the_People's_Republic_of_China).
4
For convenience, number the four periods with 0, 1, 2 and 3.
5
The two figures will show the consistency between TFRs and policy history, rather than prove the causal effects of
policies on TFRs.
14
Figure 2.1 Overall, urban, and rural total fertility rates of China by year
Note: The overall total fertility rate is cited from Yang (2004, pp. 264-265). The urban and rural total
fertility rates are cited from Yang (2004, pp. 134, 135 and 139). Data originally come from various national
surveys conducted by China's statistical authorities. The left, middle and right dotted lines mark the years
of 1963, 1971 and 1980, and segment the whole history into four periods.
15
Figure 2.2 Overall, Han, and non-Han total fertility rates of China by year
Note: The overall total fertility rate is cited from Yang (2004, pp. 264-265). The Han (ethnic majority) and
non-Han (ethnic minority) total fertility rates are cited from Yang (2004, pp. 145 and 150). Data originally
come from various national surveys conducted by China's statistical authorities. The left and right dotted
lines mark the years of 1971 and 1980, the starting years of the period 2 and 3 family planning policies.
2.1 Period 0: Without family planning policies (1949-1962)
On the eve of the foundation of the People's Republic of China, the supreme leader Mao
Zedong publicly argued that China preferred a large population,
6
which also fit China's
traditional ideology of family size, Duo Zi Duo Fu (more children, more happiness).
Moreover, China was deeply influenced by a birth-encouraging policy of the Soviet
6
Mao said: “A large population is preferred in China. No matter how large it is, we can always handle it with
production…Human being is the most valuable resource of the world…Human can create any miracle.” (Yang, 2004,
pp. 43)
16
Union.
7
Consequently, in 1949-1953, China curbed measures of birth control and
financially subsidized large families.
8
Challenged by rapid population growth, in 1954, China began to terminate or
relax certain restrictions on birth control.
9
Meanwhile, a few public intellectuals, for
instance, Shao Lizi and Ma Yinchu, publicly advocated family planning.
10
Thereafter,
the knowledge of birth control spread through public media.
11
However, family
planning policies were not officially conceived.
In 1958, with the onset of the Great Leap Forward campaign that aimed to use
China's vast population to rapidly transform the country from an agrarian economy
into a modern communist society,
12
endorsing family planning was politically
incorrect.
13
The campaign was followed by a great famine (1959-1962), which caused a
dramatic TFR decline, from 5.679 in 1958 to 3.287 in 1961.
14
Under such circumstances,
family planning was rarely discussed. When the famine ended, women started to make
up fertility and the TFR rose back to 6.023 in 1962 and even shot up to 7.502 in 1963.
15
Figure 2.1 and Figure 2.2 illustrate this history. Figure 2.1 further shows that urban and
7
A mother bearing and raising a large family in the Soviet Union would be awarded an honorary title “Mother
Heroine” (Yang, 2004, pp. 44). Also see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mother_Heroine.
8
China strongly restricted sterilization and abortion, and strictly controlled the production and sale of contraceptives
which were prohibited from import (Yang, 2004, pp. 44-45).
9
In 1954, China removed restrictions on contraception and the sale of contraceptives, and relaxed restrictions on
abortion. However, sterilization was still under strong control (Yang, 2004, pp. 47-48).
10
Shao and Ma both supported contraception and late marriage, but disagreed on abortion (Yang, 2004, pp. 48-50,
52).
11
The knowledge of birth control only spread to some cities of some provinces (Yang, 2004, pp. 50, 53, 54, 58).
12
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Leap_Forward.
13
Yang (2004, pp. 59).
14
Yang (2004, pp. 61).
15
Yang (2004, pp. 61-62).
17
rural TFRs co-moved in the period, the urban TFR being slightly lower. Data on Han
and non-Han TFRs for this period were not found.
2.2 Period 1: Mild and narrowly implemented family planning policy (1963-1970)
In 1962, the Chinese government issued an instruction about the implementation of
family planning on December 18
th
, 1962, known as the No. [62] 698 document, which
marked the start of China's family planning policies.
16
The period 1 policy set a population growth target,
17
approved late marriage,
18
established family planning institutions,
19
and disseminated family planning
knowledge and technology.
20
Specific policies varied by province. For instance,
Shandong's policy could be summarized as “one (child) is not few, two are just right,
three are too many”. Shanghai's policy advocated that a married couple should not
have more than three children, birth spacing should be at least four years, and a
woman's age of having the first birth should exceed 26.
21
This paper assumes the birth
quota in period 1 to be 3. Although bearing more than three children was not
mandatorily prohibited, having a large family would result in political or social
pressure because the period 1 policy was promoted primarily through effective political
16
Yang (2010, pp. 27). Because the document was released in the end of 1962, I assume it came into effect from 1963.
17
The annual population growth rate targets were 2%, 1.5%, and 1% for the Recovery period (1963-1965), the third
Five-year plan (1966-1970), and the fourth Five-year plan (1971-1975), respectively (Yang, 2004, pp. 62).
18
The Ministry of Health proposed that, the marriage age for male and female should be 28 and 25, respectively. In
practice, age of late marriage varied by province (Yang, 2004, pp. 62, 68).
19
The national family planning institution was established in 1964 and local agencies have been founded
successively since 1963 (Yang, 2004, pp. 65).
20
Contraceptive knowledge and tools were available in local clinics. Restrictions on abortion and sterilization were
basically removed (Yang, 2004, pp. 65-67).
21
Yang (2004, pp. 68).
18
or social movements. Economic incentives were also established. For example, families
abiding by family planning policies would be subsidized in wages, housing and
commodities.
22
The period 1 policy was implemented for urban Han people only.
23
Figure 2.1 is
consistent with this history. On one hand, urban TFR started to decline in period 1;
while on the other hand, rural TFR remained high. As 80% of the population was in
rural areas,
24
the overall TFR stayed at high levels in this period.
The Cultural Revolution, launched in 1966, paralyzed family planning
institutions and disrupted the implementation of family planning policies. However,
the policy was not abolished and the urban TFR remained at low levels.
25
2.3 Period 2: Strong and widely implemented family planning policy (1971-1979)
Concerned about the negative impact of the Cultural Revolution, the Chinese
government issued a report on family planning in 1971, known as the No. [71] 51
document, to restate the importance of family planning. The report signified that family
planning policies recovered from the Cultural Revolution and stepped into a new
stage.
26
22
Yang (2004, pp. 64, 74).
23
Urban Han people living in the five autonomous regions were not exposed to family planning policies until the
beginning of 1970s (Yang, 2004, pp. 144-145). The five autonomous regions, Xinjiang, Inner Mongolia, Tibet, Ningxia,
and Guangxi, are provincial administrative areas where non-Han people agglomerate. See
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autonomous_regions_of_China for more details.
24
Yang (2004, pp. 69).
25
The urban TFR kept falling in this period expect in 1968. Moreover, family planning institutions started to restore
in 1969 (Yang, 2004, pp. 75).
26
Yang (2004, pp. 73).
19
Like period 1, the period 2 policy also comprised a population growth target and
contraceptive support.
27
Moreover, the policy became nationally uniform, known as
“late, long, few”. “Late” means late marriage and childbearing. The recommended
minimum age of marriage was 25 for men and 23 for women; women were suggested
having births after 24. “Long” means the birth spacing should be at least three years.
“Few” means a married couple could at most have two children.
28
The period 2 policy was stronger than the period 1. First, a married couple could at
most have two children in period 2, while three children were allowed, though
discouraged, in period 1. Second, the enforcement of period 2 policy was stricter. Mao
Zedong, the supreme leader, backed family planning policies in period 2,
29
and thus,
greatly bolstered its enforcement. The mode of agricultural production in this period
also discouraged large families. Farming jobs were centrally and equally assigned to
adult peasants, and they were not able to flexibly work more and earn more, in order to
raise more children.
30
In 1971, the policy began to spread to the urban Han people living in the five
autonomous regions
31
and to all rural Han people.
32
However, population growth
targets differed between urban and rural areas. The urban population annual growth
27
In 1971, the policy proposed that urban and rural population growth rates should reach down to 1% and 1.5% by
1975 (Yang, 2004, pp. 72). In 1978, the policy proposed that the national population growth rate should go below 1%
by 1981 (Yang, 2004, pp. 74). From 1974 on, 14 contraceptive pills or tools were supplied without charge (Yang, 2004,
pp. 76).
28
The policy was first implemented in some parts of China, and then was extended to the whole nation in 1973
(Yang, 2004, 73).
29
For example, in 1974, Mao said: “We must control the population.” (Yang, 2004, pp. 73)
30
Yang (2004, pp. 80, 135).
31
Yang (2004, pp. 144, 145).
32
Yang (2004, pp. 77-79).
20
rate was set to be 1% and the rural growth rate was 1.5%.
33
Figure 2.1 and Figure 2.2
have shown consistent facts. In Figure 2.1, the rural TFR started to drop in 1971, but was
higher than the urban TFR. Decreasing urban and rural TFRs also pulled down the
overall TFR. In Figure 2.2, the Han TFR dropped after 1971 and the TFR gap between
Han and non-Han people widened.
34
The urban or rural non-Han people who were
living outside the five autonomous regions were also affected by the period 2 policy.
2.4 Period 3: One-child policy (since 1980)
As a natural evolution of the period 2 policy, the one-child policy was conceived in 1979
and was officially launched in 1980.
35
The one-child policy, as its name suggests, allows
a married couple to have only one child, particularly designed for Han families. This
policy is stricter than previous versions.
The strictness of the one-child policy is also enhanced by its enforcement.
Previous policies were mainly implemented with political, social, or administrative
measures. In 1978, family planning policies, for the first time, appeared in the
Constitution and more details were added to the 1982 amended Constitution. Since late
1980s, the central and local governments have successively legislated family planning.
36
33
Yang (2004, pp. 72).
34
The non-Han TFR also declined, even though non-Han people were not officially constrained by family planning
policies in period 2 (Yang, 2004, pp. 143-145), implying externalities of family planning policies or the impact of other
factors.
35
In September 1980, the CPC central committee published an open letter to expound the necessity of the one-child
policy. This event was usually considered as the starting point of the one-child policy (Yang, 2004, pp. 86).
36
Yang (2004, pp. 161).
21
Legal measures, such as monetary penalties and subsidies,
37
have ensured the effective
enforcement of the one-child policy.
In early 1980s, the one-child policy was successfully implemented for urban Han
families, but received large resistance from rural Han people.
38
Subsequently, in the
mid-1980s, the one-child policy was relaxed for rural Han families and they were
allowed to have a second child if certain conditions were met. For example, they could
have the second birth when the first child was a daughter.
39
Figure 2.1 shows that both
urban and rural TFRs stayed at low levels, but with a gap.
In 1982, the policy started to cover most non-Han people, but in more relaxed
forms. In general, an urban non-Han family could conditionally have two children and
a rural non-Han couple might be allowed to have three or even more children. For the
ethnic groups with small population sizes, the policy is even further relaxed.
40
In Figure
2.2, the Han TFR remained low and the non-Han TFR substantially dropped in 1980-
1989. The Han and non-Han TFR gap, though smaller, still exist.
The secular and cross-sectional variations of the birth quota are summarized in
Table 2.1.
37
Families with only one child would receive the one-child subsidy. While families which illegally had more births
would have to pay fines. Fines are multiple times of local annual income, but standards are different across provinces.
For example, Beijing women who illegally have the second birth would have to pay fines that are three to ten times of
the local average annual income. McElroy and Yang (2000), and Li and Zhang (2009) discuss relevant topics.
38
Yang (2004, pp. 86).
39
Yang (2004, pp. 87). This case reflects strong son preference in rural areas.
40
Yang (2004, pp. 146-148).
22
Table 2.1 Secular and cross-sectional variations of birth quota
Period 1 (1963-70) Period 2 (1971-79) Period 3 (since 1980)
Urban Han
Mild policy allowed
but discouraged three
children*
Strong policy allowed
but discouraged two
children
One-child policy
allows only one child
Rural Han No restriction
Milder policy than the
urban Han version
One-child policy
conditionally allows
two children
Urban non-Han No restriction** No restriction**
Specific policy
conditionally allows
two children
Rural non-Han No restriction No restriction**
Specific policy
conditionally allows
three or even more
children
Note: * The urban Han people living in the five autonomous regions were not exposed to family planning
policies in period 1.
** Part of the non-Han people might be affected by family planning policies, particularly when they were
living outside the five autonomous regions.
Over time, the birth quota and its enforcement get stronger. Within each period,
the birth quota is more stringent for urban and Han people, than for rural and non-Han
people. The evolution of propaganda and service has not been as sharp as the birth
quota, but their secular and cross-sectional patterns are similar. Throughout this paper,
I will treat the history of the birth quota as the history of family planning policies.
41
41
I will mainly use urban-rural and ethnicity to capture the cross-sectional variations of family planning policies.
Policies also varied across provinces, but information is insufficient to specify provincial policy differences,
particularly for early periods. Fines differentials could have been used as an alternative, but data are not available for
the period 1 and 2 policies either. Moreover, recent policy changes are not considered in the paper. For example, if
one of a married couple is the only child, the couple could have a second birth.
23
Chapter 3 Static Analysis
This chapter analyzes the effect of family planning policies on the number of births that
a woman has ever had, using a cross-sectional sample of ever-married women. This
analysis is static.
The contribution of family planning policies to China’s fertility transition has
been under debate. Many papers conclude that family planning policies explain a
sizable portion of China’s fertility decline, including Lavely and Freedman (1990), Yang
and Chen (2004), and Li, Zhang and Zhu (2005). However, other studies argue that the
impact of family planning policies on fertility has been overstated (Cai (2010), McElroy
and Yang (2000), Narayan and Peng (2006), and Schultz and Zeng (1995)).
One source of the disagreement is that those studies measure family planning
policies differently. This analysis attempts to highlight the importance of measuring
family planning policies, and tries to unify and improve the policy measures adopted
by previous studies. Chapter 3.1 reviews the static analyses on the fertility effect of
China’s family planning policies, underscoring the shortcomings of their policy
measures. Chapter 3.2 introduces the data used in this chapter. Chapter 3.3 shows
model specifications, and the way of constructing policy measures. Chapter 3.4 displays
and interprets the empirical results. Chapter 3.5 concludes.
24
3.1 Review of measures of China’s family planning policies
Quantitative analyses of family planning policies require appropriate policy measures.
Previous studies mainly construct policy measures with general demographic variables,
based on secular and cross-sectional policy variations. Such measures are named
“constructed measures” in the paper.
Previous constructed measures are generally incomplete, sometimes endogenous,
and usually lack heterogeneity. An incomplete measure ignores part of the policy
variations and tends to underestimate the policy effect. Some constructed measures
reflect a part of secular policy variations, but fail to take cross-sectional variations into
account. Yang and Chen (2004) use the 1992 Household and Economy Fertility Survey
(HESF) sample to assess the fertility effect of family planning policies. They apply the
year dummies of being married, from 1970 to 1989, to capture policy effects for different
marriage cohorts. Narayan and Peng (2006) use time series data and models to estimate
policy effects on fertility. Their policy measures are time dummies for two periods,
1970-1979 and 1980-2000. Similarly, Edlund, Li, Yi and Zhang (2008) measure policies
with a dummy variable of being exposed to the one-child policy one year prior to a
mother’s childbearing.
Some studies utilize cross-sectional policy variations, but fail to capture secular
evolution. Cai (2010) uses a county level cross-sectional data of Jiangsu and Zhejiang,
collected from the 2001 statistical yearbooks of the two provinces and the 2000 census
compilations, to estimate the effect of family planning policies on fertility. He measures
25
policies with the percentage of population with agricultural hukou
42
and the percentage
of Han population in each county.
More studies take both secular and cross-sectional policy variations into account,
but either omits a part of the urban-rural or ethnic variations or a part of the policy
change over time. Li, Zhang and Zhu (2005) apply a difference-in-difference approach
to assess the impact of the one-child policy on fertility. The treatment and control
groups are Han and non-Han people. The pre-treatment and post-treatment samples
are taken from the 1982 and 1990 census, respectively. Li and Zhang (2007) use a
provincial panel data involving 28 provinces over 20 years (1978–1998) to estimate the
effect of birth rate on economic growth. In their first stage regressions, they use the
percentage of non-Han people in each province/year to instrument the birth rate. Li
and Zhang (2009) also adopt a difference-in-difference approach in the first stage
regressions, similar to Li, Zhang and Zhu (2005). Qian (2009) uses an individual level
cross-sectional sample from the 1990 census and the 1989 CHNS to test the quantity-
quality trade-off hypothesis. In the first stage regressions, she instruments the number
of an individual’s siblings with a triple interaction of the individual’s gender, year of
birth and region of birth. This identification strategy is essentially difference-in-
difference-in-difference. First, under the one-child policy, rural parents can have the
second birth if the first is a girl. Second, such policy relaxation varies by region. Third, if
42
Hukou is a household registration system in China. In general, urban and rural people have non-agricultural and
agricultural hukou, respectively. Rural people who temporarily migrate to urban areas generally keep their
agricultural hukou as before.
26
the individual was born in early years, his/her parents may not be influenced by the
one-child policy. Islam and Smyth (2010) use the 2008 China Health and Retirement
Longitudinal Survey (CHARLS) data to estimate the effect of number of children on
parental health. In the first stage regressions, similar to Qian (2009), they instrument the
number of children with a triple interaction of a rural dummy, child’s gender and
child’s birth period. Compared to Qian (2009), they do not take advantage of the policy
variations among rural regions, but instead, utilize the urban-rural policy difference.
Banerjee, Meng and Qian (2010) use an individual level cross-sectional data, collected in
the 2008 Urban-Rural Migration in China and Indonesia Survey (RUMiCI), to study the
impact of number of children on parental saving behaviors. In their first stage
regressions, they instrument the number of children with a dummy variable indicating
if a child was born after 1971, starting year of the period 2 policy, and its interaction
with the child’s gender. Wu and Li (2012) use an individual level panel sample with five
waves from the CHNS data to assess the effect of family size on maternal health. In
their first stage regressions, they construct a time variable about the one-child policy,
interact it with urban dummy and Han dummy, and used them to instrument family
size.
Some measures are endogenously constructed, which may bias the effect of
family planning policies on fertility or invalidate policy variables as instrumental
variables for fertility. As reviewed above, Yang and Chen (2004) use year dummies of
being married to capture secular policy variations. Similarly, Banerjee, Meng and Qian
(2010), Edlund, Li, Yi and Zhang (2008), Islam and Smyth (2010), and Qian (2009) take
27
advantage of actual timing of childbearing to measure policy exposure. However, the
timing of marriage and childbearing is endogenous and might be correlated with
unobserved factors related to fertility.
In addition to suffering from endogeneity, those measures also lack
heterogeneity. For example, a 20-year-old woman and a 40-year-old woman may both
bear a child during the one-child policy. If a single dummy variable is used to measure
the policy exposure, then the value of exposure for both women would be 1. However,
intuitively, the younger woman should have larger exposure to the policy because she
will be affected by the policy nearly through out her entire childbearing period, while
the older woman has almost physiologically finished childbearing during the policy
period. Wu and Li (2012) construct a more heterogeneous measure, which is
proportional to the length of time exposed to the policy, but is not as precise as it could
be. For example, if a woman is exposed to the policy between 20 and 30 years of age and
another is exposed between 30 and 40 years of age, their measures will be assigned with
the same value. However, the first woman arguably has a larger exposure because 20-30
is the peak interval of childbearing, while 30-40 is not. The Wu-Li measure does not
consider such heterogeneity.
This chapter will try to make the constructed measures more complete,
exogenous and heterogeneous. Further, Chapter 3.4.5 shows how the results may
change if alternative policy measures are used.
Other than constructed measures, a few studies also use specific measures for
family planning policies.
28
Specific measures directly come from data that contain specific information on
family planning policies. For example, Schultz and Zeng (1995) use individual level
cross-sectional data for rural areas of three provinces in China, which were collected in
the 1985 In-Depth Fertility Survey (IDFS), to assess the effect of local family planning
and health programs on fertility. Family planning policies are measured by the
availability of a family planning service station, a family planning outreach worker, a
doctor or nurse, and a local clinic in a rural village.
43
McElroy and Yang (2000) use
household level cross-sectional data for rural areas across ten provinces, which were
collected in the 1992 Household Economy and Fertility Survey (HESF), to estimate the
intensity of county-level family planning policies on the number of children per family.
The HESF sample contains county-level monetary penalties imposed on “over-quota”
births and they are used to measure the county-level policy intensity. Li and Zhang
(2008) use an individual level cross-sectional data, collected in the 1989 CHNS, to study
how birth behaviors of a woman are affected by the birth behaviors of her neighbors. In
the first stage regressions, they measure the one-child policy with community-level
monetary penalties on “over- quota” births and subsidies for one-child families, and
used them to instrument the fertility of neighbors, similar to McElroy and Yang (2000).
Huang, Lei and Zhao (2014) find that the one-child policy could explain over one third
of the increase in twin births in China since 1970s, because parents may have registered
single births as twins in order to avoid monetary penalties of the one-child policy,
43
The availability was measured by dummy variables. The interactions of the dummy variables were also controlled
for in regressions.
29
under which having twins is legal. They measure the one-child policy with provincial
level fines from 1979 to 2000 for 30 provinces.
Specificity is one of the most notable advantages of such measures as they are so
detailed that they can hardly be contaminated by irrelevant factors. However, detailed
information of monetary penalties and subsidies prior to the one child policy period is
even not existent. Therefore, this chapter will not discuss specific measures.
3.2 Data
The section uses the birth history data from the China Health and Nutrition Survey
(CHNS).
44
The ongoing CHNS is one of the most widely used micro-data about China.
Conducted by an international team, the CHNS collects information on household and
individual economic, demographic, and social variables, particularly the factors about
health and nutrition. Surveys were conducted in 1989, 1991, 1993, 1997, 2000, 2004, 2006,
2009, and 2011 across twelve provinces.
45
A large group of interviewees have been
followed longitudinally.
The CHNS surveys ever-married women, below 52 years of age,
46
about their
birth history, in 1991, 1993, 2000, 2004, 2006, 2009, and 2011. A woman may be tracked
wave-wise. The CHNS team combined the birth history data of all waves, kept only the
44
More information about the CHNS can be found on the 29official website:
http://www.cpc.unc.edu/projects/china.
45
Before wave 2000, the survey covered eight provinces: Guangxi, Guizhou, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu,
Liaoning, and Shandong. Heilongjiang was included in wave 2000 and thereafter. Beijing, Chongqing, and Shanghai
were further included in wave 2011.
46
The surveyed women were under 50 in wave 1991. Although only the women under 52 (or 50) should be surveyed,
a few women in the sample were above the supposed age during the survey. I kept those observations to enlarge the
sample, after checking their validity.
30
latest wave of record for each woman who has ever been survey, and released the
refined cross-sectional data online in 2013.
47
The cross-sectional data contains the birth
history of a woman up to the latest wave of survey for her. I restrict the birth history
data to women aged 15 or above during the survey. To rule out extreme cases, I further
drop the women who ever had births below 15 or above 49 from the data.
48
The birth history data includes the date of birth, gender, living arrangement, and
date of death of every child that a woman has ever had and allows us to map the
history of family planning policies onto the entire childbearing process. Other
demographic and socioeconomic variables can be found from other modules of the
CHNS. For currently married women, the information of their husband can be obtained.
Only ever-married, but not all women were asked about their birth history
because marriage is a pre-condition for childbearing in China, both traditionally and
legally. Based on the data used in the paper, the proportion of non-marital childbearing
is below 5% and has no rising trend over cohorts, which is different from what Hotz,
Klerman and Willis (1997) present about non-marital childbearing in the U.S.
49
Table 3.1 shows descriptive statistics of selected variables for ever-married
women in the sample.
47
The data is named “m12birth”, and was released in January 2013 on the official website of the CHNS. The data
doesn’t contain the information of survey year. Therefore, I merged the data to other ever-married women data (for
example, the marriage history data for the same set of women) with the information of survey year, and mapped the
latest wave to each woman in the birth history data.
48
Only 0.3% women were dropped.
49
They point out, in the U.S, less than 6% of births were out-of-wedlock in 1963, while this proportion rose to 30% in
1992.
31
Table 3.1 Descriptive statistics of selected variables for static analysis
Birth Cohort of Ever-married Women
Full sample 1950 or older 1951-60 1961-70 1971-80 1981 or younger
Number of births 1.70 3.11 2.03 1.48 1.23 0.87
(1.12) (1.43) (1.07) (0.79) (0.66) (0.61)
0-1 birth (%) 53.9 9.5 35.2 60.0 74.0 89.3
(49.9) (29.3) (47.8) (49.0) (43.9) (30.9)
2-3 births (%) 39.2 56.2 56.5 38.1 25.4 10.5
(48.8) (49.6) (49.6) (48.6) (43.6) (30.7)
4 or more births (%) 6.9 34.3 8.3 2.0 0.5 0.2
(25.3) (47.5) (27.6) (13.9) (7.1) (3.9)
Age at survey 40.81 48.68 48.14 41.82 33.57 25.66
(8.87) (3.38) (4.81) (6.39) (4.48) (2.91)
Urban (%) 36.2 30.4 37.0 38.7 36.6 31.6
(48.0) (46.0) (48.3) (48.7) (48.2) (46.5)
Han (%) 88.4 85.2 88.6 89.8 87.2 89.6
(32.1) (35.6) (31.8) (30.3) (33.4) (30.5)
Coast (%) 27.7 26.8 23.8 28.3 29.2 33.1
(44.8) (44.3) (42.6) (45.1) (45.5) (47.1)
No schooling (%) 17.0 49.6 29.0 8.9 5.2 1.7
(37.6) (50.0) (45.4) (28.5) (22.2) (12.9)
Primary school (%) 18.3 29.0 18.7 18.2 15.7 9.6
(38.7) (45.4) (39.0) (38.6) (36.4) (29.5)
Middle school (%) 35.6 14.0 27.3 41.2 43.4 45.8
(47.9) (34.7) (44.6) (49.2) (49.6) (49.9)
High school (%) 20.6 6.6 22.3 23.9 20.8 22.6
(40.5) (24.9) (41.6) (42.7) (40.6) (41.9)
College (%) 8.5 0.8 2.7 7.8 15.0 20.3
(27.9) (9.0) (16.3) (26.8) (35.7) (40.3)
N 7105 863 1648 2375 1564 655
Note: Standard deviations are in parentheses. Coast indicates whether a woman lives in the east coast of
China, including Beijing, Shandong, Jiangsu and Shanghai in the sample. Primary school, middle school, high
school and college indicate the highest level of schooling.
Means and standard deviations are shown for the full sample, and for different
birth cohorts of women. The sample comprises 7105 women. They on average have 1.7
children, over half having no more than 1 birth. They were on average 41 years old at
survey. 36% women live in urban areas, 88% women are Han Chinese, and 28% women
32
live on more-developed east coast of China. Over half women did not obtain high
school education or above.
Over birth cohorts, the total number of children ever born to a woman decreases
from about 3 to below 1. The faction of women having 0 or 1 birth sharply rises. This
eye-catching fertility decline should be partly attributed to unfinished childbearing of
young cohorts. However, fertility transition remains substantial for cohorts older than
1970 who were on average above 40 and had essentially completed childbearing by the
survey.
The fraction of urban women increases and then decreases over cohorts. The first
half reflects urbanization, and the second half implies that urban young cohorts are less
likely to be married and thus less likely to appear in the sample. The proportion of
women with primary school education is smaller over cohorts, and the proportion of
better-educated women increases greatly.
CHNS is not nationally representative as it underrepresents the northwest
population of China. Figure 3.1 plots the average number of births by birth cohort of
women, obtained from the CHNS sample and the one percent sample of China’s 1990
census, to examine how representative the CHNS sample is in terms of fertility change
over cohorts.
33
Figure 3.1 Number of births by cohort of mothers, CHNS versus census
The CHNS sample has shown similar patterns of fertility change with the census
sample. The census fertility level drops below the CHNS sample for the youngest
cohorts, because those women were still far from completing childbearing in 1990.
3.3 Empirical strategy and policy measurement
In a demand model of fertility (e.g., Hotz, Klerman and Willis, 1997), a married couple
maximizes their utility by choosing the number (and the quality) of children and
34
consumption subject to budget and time constraints. Then, the demand function for the
number of children, n, can be expressed as
n = N(p, w, I, θ), (3.1)
where p is a vector of various prices which directly or indirectly affect n; w is the wage
of mothers (the price of mothers’ time); I is the household non-labor income; and θ is a
vector of attributes that affect n, including parental preferences, technologies, parental
fecundity, etc.
China’s family planning policies can enter the demand function through various
channels. For example, birth quota raises the price of high-order births; family planning
service lowers the price of contraceptives; propaganda shifts parental preferences. With
appropriate policy measures that integrate different channels, the demand function can
be expressed as
n = N(FPP, p, w, I, θ), (3.2)
where FPP is a vector of policy measures.
Easterlin and Crimmins (1985) propose a different analytical framework for
fertility, which specifies three channels through which various factors affect the number
of children ever born: the demand for children, the supply of children and fertility
regulation. Equation (3.2) also matches well with their framework and all function
35
arguments can be mapped onto the three channels. For example, parental fecundity
influences the supply of children; prices and income affect the demand of children;
family planning policies are fertility regulation. Other than the arguments specified
earlier in this section, their supply channel highlights the survival rate (or mortality rate)
of children, which could be added to θ.
As the policy effects on n is the major interest of the chapter, other variables will
be reduced to exogenous variables. In other words, a reduced-form equation will be
estimated, as in Equation (3.3).
𝑛 𝑖 = 𝛼 + ∑ ( 𝛽 𝑗 0
𝐹𝑃𝑃 𝑗𝑖
+ 𝛽 𝑗 1
𝐹𝑃𝑃 𝑗𝑖
× 𝑈𝑟𝑏𝑎𝑛 𝑖 + 𝛽 𝑗 2
𝐹𝑃𝑃 𝑗𝑖
× 𝐻𝑎𝑛 𝑖 )
𝑗 =1,2,3
+𝛿 𝑈𝑟𝑏𝑎𝑛 𝑖 + 𝜃𝐻𝑎𝑛 𝑖 + ∑𝛾 𝑘 𝑋 𝑘𝑖 𝑘 + 𝜂 𝑐 + 𝘀 𝑖 ,
(3.3)
In this equation, i indicates woman i. 𝑛 𝑖 is the number of children ever born to
woman i. 𝐹𝑃𝑃 𝑗𝑖
measures woman i’s exposure to the period j policy. As China’s family
planning policies differ by urban-rural and ethnicity, 𝐹𝑃𝑃 𝑗𝑖
is further interacted with an
urban dummy and a Han dummy. 𝑋 𝑘 involves a set of variables of women and their
husbands, such as schooling dummies, province dummies, and dummies of age at
survey. 𝜂 𝑐 captures cohort variables, including a cohort linear trend, 5-year cohort
dummies,
50
interactions of 5-year cohort dummies and urban dummy, interactions of 5-
50
Estimation results are robust if the 5-year cohort dummies here are replaced with a more precise specification, for
example, 3-year cohort dummies.
36
year cohort dummies and Han dummy, and interactions of 5-year cohort dummies and
province dummies.
𝐹𝑃𝑃 𝑗𝑖
is defined as below:
𝐹𝑃𝑃 𝑗𝑖
= ∑ 𝑝 ( 𝑎 )
𝑎 𝑒𝑗𝑖
𝑎 =𝑎 𝑠𝑗𝑖 .
(3.4)
𝑎 represents age. 𝑎 𝑠𝑗𝑖
and 𝑎 𝑒𝑗𝑖 are woman i’s age when period j policy started and ended.
According to the policy history, 𝑎 𝑠𝑗𝑖
and 𝑎 𝑒𝑗𝑖 are defined as
𝑎 𝑠 1
= 1963 − 𝑏𝑖𝑟𝑡 ℎ 𝑦𝑒𝑎𝑟 , 𝑎 𝑒 1
= 1970 − 𝑏𝑖𝑟𝑡 ℎ 𝑦𝑒𝑎𝑟 ;
𝑎 𝑠 2
= 1971 − 𝑏𝑖𝑟𝑡 ℎ 𝑦𝑒𝑎𝑟 , 𝑎 𝑒 2
= 1979 − 𝑏𝑖𝑟𝑡 ℎ 𝑦𝑒𝑎𝑟 ;
𝑎 𝑠 3
= 1980 − 𝑏𝑖𝑟𝑡 ℎ 𝑦𝑒𝑎𝑟 , 𝑎 𝑒 3
= 𝑠𝑢𝑟𝑣𝑒𝑦 𝑦𝑒𝑎𝑟 − 𝑏𝑖𝑟𝑡 ℎ 𝑦𝑒𝑎𝑟 .
(3.5)
𝑝 ( 𝑎 ) measures the probability of conception at age a, with support from age 15 to
49. Figure 3.2 illustrates 𝑝 ( 𝑎 ) , which is calculated based on birth records of all women in
the sample.
37
Figure 3.2 Probability of conception by age
Note: Plotted based on all women in the sample. For any age below 15 or above 49, the probability is 0.
Chapter 3.4.5 will show that empirical results are robust to the 𝑝 ( 𝑎 ) calculated
based on subsamples of women. Figure 3.3 illustrates 𝐹𝑃𝑃 1
, 𝐹𝑃𝑃 2
, and 𝐹𝑃𝑃 3
by birth
cohort of women.
38
Figure 3.3 Intensity of exposure to period 1, 2 and 3 policies by cohort of women
Note: Each point represents the mean of 𝐹𝑃𝑃 𝑗𝑖
within a birth cohort.
Women born in 1940s, 1950s, and after 1960 are mostly affected by the period 1,
period 2, and period 3 policy, respectively.
Policy exposure defined in Equation (3.4) is more heterogeneous than previous
measures. First, longer a woman is exposed to a policy, greater 𝐹𝑃𝑃 𝑗𝑖
is likely to be.
Second, if a woman is exposed to a policy during her peak age of childbearing, 𝐹𝑃𝑃 𝑗𝑖
tends to be greater than those exposed to the policy at non-peak age of childbearing.
Moreover, 𝐹𝑃𝑃 𝑗𝑖
is essentially a function of birth cohorts, which are exogenous.
39
Equation (3.3) has considered policy variations over the three periods, and policy
differences between urban and rural areas, and between Han and non-Han people,
therefore the policy measurement is more complete than previous measures.
Variables p, w, I and θ are assumed to be largely characterized by 𝑋 𝑘 and 𝜂 𝑐 . For
example, prices, infant mortality rate and technologies exhibit certain patterns over time,
and the patterns might differ by region and ethnicity. Therefore, linear cohort trend, 5-
year cohort dummies, and interactions of 5-year cohort dummies and various group
dummies (urban dummy, Han dummy, and province dummies) could essentially
capture those variables. Moreover, wage and household income are largely determined
by schooling and age of women and their husband. All other uncontrolled factors go to
the error term 𝘀 𝑖 , and are assumed to be uncorrelated with controlled variables.
To complete the empirical specification, I add the exposure to the great famine
(1959-1962). This variable is defined similarly to policy exposure, with 𝑎 𝑠𝑗𝑖
and 𝑎 𝑒𝑗𝑖 the
age when the great famine started and ended. On one hand, this variable can capture
the fertility drop caused by the famine; on the other hand, as fertility make-up after the
famine triggered the period 1 policy, this variable helps deal with the issue of
endogenous program placement.
40
3.4 Empirical results
3.4.1 Estimation results
Table 3.2 shows OLS estimation results, with standard errors in parentheses. Standard
errors are clustered at the primary sampling unit/five-year birth cohort level.
51
Table 3.2 OLS regressions of number of births on determinants
Dependent variable: Number of births a woman has ever had
(1) (2) (3)
Policy 1 -1.222 -1.278 -2.308
(1.469) (1.476) (1.414)
Policy 1 × Urban -1.325 -0.507 -1.491
(0.688)* (0.981) (0.788)*
Policy 1 × Han 0.822 0.917 1.251
(1.034) (1.046) (0.974)
Policy 1 × Urban × Han -0.880
(0.708)
Policy 2 -1.890 -1.895 -3.521
(1.325) (1.351) (1.376)**
Policy 2 × Urban -1.129 -0.849 -0.475
(0.384)*** (0.553) (0.461)
Policy 2 × Han 0.112 0.146 0.869
(0.642) (0.703) (0.694)
Policy 2 × Urban × Han -0.293
(0.516)
Policy 3 -2.385 -2.350 -3.170
(1.212)** (1.214)* (1.283)**
Policy 3 × Urban -0.180 -0.119 0.049
(0.160) (0.189) (0.177)
Policy 3 × Han -0.132 -0.133 0.062
(0.193) (0.195) (0.211)
Policy 3 × Urban × Han -0.056
(0.100)
Urban 1.397 1.432 1.098
(0.724)* (0.725)** (0.868)
Han (women) 0.699 0.664 -1.059
(1.022) (1.027) (0.969)
Han (women’s husband) 0.448
51
Each primary sampling unit is an urban or suburban neighborhood in a city, or a town or village in a county. The
total number of clusters is 2,256.
41
(0.559)
Famine -1.470 -1.509 -3.620
(1.678) (1.681) (1.683)**
Schooling of women
Primary school -0.252 -0.253 -0.265
(0.044)*** (0.044)*** (0.050)***
Middle school -0.485 -0.484 -0.499
(0.041)*** (0.041)*** (0.047)***
High school -0.711 -0.709 -0.669
(0.044)*** (0.044)*** (0.052)***
College or above -0.818 -0.816 -0.713
(0.046)*** (0.046)*** (0.056)***
Schooling of women’s husband
Primary school -0.013
(0.060)
Middle school -0.016
(0.056)
High school -0.118
(0.058)**
College or above -0.181
(0.061)***
Province dummies Yes Yes Yes
For women
Cohort linear trend Yes Yes Yes
Five-year cohort dummies Yes Yes Yes
Age dummies Yes Yes Yes
Five-year cohort dummies * Urban dummy Yes Yes Yes
Five-year cohort dummies * Han dummy Yes Yes Yes
Five-year cohort dummies * Province
dummies
Yes Yes Yes
For women’s husband
Cohort linear trend No No Yes
Five-year cohort dummies No No Yes
Age dummies No No Yes
Five-year cohort dummies * Urban dummy No No Yes
Five-year cohort dummies * Han dummy No No Yes
Five-year cohort dummies * Province
dummies
No No Yes
P value for significance of policies 0.0025 0.0036 0.0386
R squared 0.5388 0.5392 0.5684
N 7105 7105 5922
Note: Standard errors, in parentheses, are clustered at the primary sampling unit/five-year birth cohort
level. * p (author) Essays on family planning policies College of Letters, Arts and Sciences Doctor of Philosophy Economics 06/23/2014 05/12/2014 (original), (digital) China,family planning policies,fertility,OAI-PMH Harvest (imt) (provenance) Strauss, John A. ( ), Crimmins, Eileen M. ( ), Nugent, Jeffrey B. ( ), Ridder, Geert ( ) [email protected] UC11285968 etd-WangFei-2576.pdf (filename),usctheses-c3-422475 (legacy record id) etd-WangFei-2576.pdf 422475 Dissertation application/pdf (imt) Wang, Fei (contributing entity), (collection) The author retains rights to his/her dissertation, thesis or other graduate work according to U.S. copyright law. Electronic access is being provided by the USC Libraries in agreement with the a... 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assets','','','top','','','','PanelTitleFold','PanelTitleUnfold');$AddEvent($Control('a5.2.1.2:OR1ND000001880671',PanelAdvancedCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME),'Event_CloseFold','CLOSE_FOLD','SearchResult_VPage.DocumentRoot_VForm_0.TabMenuDoc.X0CND000000001773Multimedia_DbBO.OR1ND000001880671','');$AddEvent($Control('a5.2.1.2:OR1ND000001880671',PanelAdvancedCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME),'Event_OpenFold','OPEN_FOLD','SearchResult_VPage.DocumentRoot_VForm_0.TabMenuDoc.X0CND000000001773Multimedia_DbBO.OR1ND000001880671','');$AddAction($Control('a5.2.1.2:OR1ND000001880671',PanelAdvancedCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME),'Action_OpenFold','JS_OPEN_FOLD','a5.2.1.2','');$AddAction($Control('a5.2.1.2:PanelHeaderSeparatorOR1ND000001880671',PanelCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME),'Action_RemoveClass','OPEN_FOLD','SearchResult_VPage.DocumentRoot_VForm_0.TabMenuDoc.X0CND000000001773Multimedia_DbBO.OR1ND000001880671','InvisibleC');$AddAction($Control('a5.2.1.2:PanelHeaderSeparatorOR1ND000001880671',PanelCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME),'Action_AddClass','CLOSE_FOLD','SearchResult_VPage.DocumentRoot_VForm_0.TabMenuDoc.X0CND000000001773Multimedia_DbBO.OR1ND000001880671','InvisibleC');DeferInject.ShowOnParentHover("a5.2.1.2:ActionsPnlOR1ND000001880671");SimpleTooltip.Subscribe($("a",$E("a5.2.1.2.29:ActionBtn0")),{});Utils.PreloadImage('Assets/V2/ChFVQzFTNTAwMDAwMDAwMDAwMxIGVFJNaXNjGiJcVFJNaXNjXDFlXDE3XGQzXDdjXGVjXFEwTDc0Q0wuc3ZnIgQIARAPYgdRMEw3NENM~/KWRuKbA4u0r4bmYN/KWRuKbA4u0r4bmYN/Q0L74CL.svg');(function(){RegisterImageEvent("a5.2.1.2.29:ActionBtn0","mouseout",function(ev){this.src='Assets/V2/ChFVQzFTNTAwMDAwMDAwMDAwMxIGVFJNaXNjGiJcVFJNaXNjXDc0XDMwXDI1XGQ3XGJiXFEwTDc0Q0suc3ZnIgQIARAPYgdRMEw3NENL~/CjB_REu_vxqySP@P/CjB_REu_vxqySP@P/Q0L74CK.svg'})})();(function(){RegisterImageEvent("a5.2.1.2.29:ActionBtn0","mouseover",function(ev){this.src='Assets/V2/ChFVQzFTNTAwMDAwMDAwMDAwMxIGVFJNaXNjGiJcVFJNaXNjXDFlXDE3XGQzXDdjXGVjXFEwTDc0Q0wuc3ZnIgQIARAPYgdRMEw3NENM~/KWRuKbA4u0r4bmYN/KWRuKbA4u0r4bmYN/Q0L74CL.svg'})})();(function(){RegisterButtonEvent("a5.2.1.2.29:ActionBtn0","click",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.29:ActionBtn0',ButtonCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.29','FORWARD_VIEWALL','F','I','OR1ND000001880671%7cOR1ND000001880671%7cVIEWALL','','','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);})})();document.getElementById("a5.2.1.2.30.1:SelectPnl")&&document.getElementById("a5.2.1.2.30.1:SelectPnl").addEventListener("contextmenu",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.1:SelectPnl',PanelAdvancedCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.1','OPEN_DYNAMIC_MENU','F','I','','GroupSelectionVS','DamViewDoc_w2lx','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);if(typeof(ev)!=='undefined')ev.stopPropagation();else if(typeof(window.event)!=='undefined')window.event.stopPropagation();ev.preventDefault?ev.preventDefault():(ev.returnValue=false);;});(function(){RegisterImageEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.1.1:I","error",function(ev){Utils.ImgChangeSrc(document.getElementById('a5.2.1.2.30.1.1:I').querySelector('img'),'a5.2.1.2.30.1.1:I','Assets/V2/ChFVQzFTNTAwMDAwMDAwMDAwMxIGVFJNaXNjGiNcVFJNaXNjXDk5XGM5XDg2XGRlXDI1XE9SM01TQzI0LmdpZiIECAEQD2IIT1IzTVNDMjQ-~/vqjHbDNJReq1KmQ2/vqjHbDNJReq1KmQ2/OR3MSC24.gif',true);})})();(function(){RegisterButtonEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.1.1:I","click",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.1.1:I',ButtonCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.1.1','SELECT','F','I','Zoom_Light','','','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);})})();$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.1.1:I',ButtonCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SetFileNameOnDrop('"etd-MaMingming-6411.pdf"');(function(){RegisterButtonEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.1.1:M","click",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.1.1:M',ButtonCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.1.1','SELECT','F','I','Zoom_Light','','','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);})})();(function(){RegisterButtonEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.1.1:PB","click",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.1.1:PB',ButtonCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.1.1','SELECT','F','I','Zoom_Light','','','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);})})();(function(){RegisterButtonEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.1:DetailLink","click",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.1:DetailLink',ButtonCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.1','SELECT','F','I','','','','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);ev.preventDefault();Matrix3.mbClick=true;})})();DeferInject.ShowOnParentHover("a5.2.1.2.30.1:IOHPnl");(function(){RegisterControlEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.1:IOHPnl","click",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.1:IOHPnl',PanelAdvancedCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.1','SELECT','F','I','','','','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);})})();(function(){RegisterControlEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.1:SelectPnl","contextmenu",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.1:SelectPnl',PanelAdvancedCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.1','OPEN_DYNAMIC_MENU','F','I','','GroupSelectionVS','DamViewDoc_w2lx','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);if(typeof(ev)!=='undefined')ev.stopPropagation();else if(typeof(window.event)!=='undefined')window.event.stopPropagation();ev.preventDefault?ev.preventDefault():(ev.returnValue=false);})})();$AddEvent($Control('a5.2.1.2.30.1:SelectPnl',PanelAdvancedCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME),'Event_SelectionChange','UpdateLists','BatchAttributesa5.1.4.5','UpdateSelection,800');document.getElementById("a5.2.1.2.30.2:SelectPnl")&&document.getElementById("a5.2.1.2.30.2:SelectPnl").addEventListener("contextmenu",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.2:SelectPnl',PanelAdvancedCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.2','OPEN_DYNAMIC_MENU','F','I','','GroupSelectionVS','DamViewDoc_w2lx','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);if(typeof(ev)!=='undefined')ev.stopPropagation();else if(typeof(window.event)!=='undefined')window.event.stopPropagation();ev.preventDefault?ev.preventDefault():(ev.returnValue=false);;});(function(){RegisterImageEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.2.1:I","error",function(ev){Utils.ImgChangeSrc(document.getElementById('a5.2.1.2.30.2.1:I').querySelector('img'),'a5.2.1.2.30.2.1:I','Assets/V2/ChFVQzFTNTAwMDAwMDAwMDAwMxIGVFJNaXNjGiNcVFJNaXNjXDk5XGM5XDg2XGRlXDI1XE9SM01TQzI0LmdpZiIECAEQD2IIT1IzTVNDMjQ-~/vqjHbDNJReq1KmQ2/vqjHbDNJReq1KmQ2/OR3MSC24.gif',true);})})();(function(){RegisterButtonEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.2.1:I","click",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.2.1:I',ButtonCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.2.1','SELECT','F','I','Zoom_Light','','','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);})})();$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.2.1:I',ButtonCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SetFileNameOnDrop('"etd-KimKyoungE-4129.pdf"');(function(){RegisterButtonEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.2.1:M","click",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.2.1:M',ButtonCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.2.1','SELECT','F','I','Zoom_Light','','','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);})})();(function(){RegisterButtonEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.2.1:PB","click",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.2.1:PB',ButtonCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.2.1','SELECT','F','I','Zoom_Light','','','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);})})();(function(){RegisterButtonEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.2:DetailLink","click",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.2:DetailLink',ButtonCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.2','SELECT','F','I','','','','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);ev.preventDefault();Matrix3.mbClick=true;})})();DeferInject.ShowOnParentHover("a5.2.1.2.30.2:IOHPnl");(function(){RegisterControlEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.2:IOHPnl","click",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.2:IOHPnl',PanelAdvancedCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.2','SELECT','F','I','','','','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);})})();(function(){RegisterControlEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.2:SelectPnl","contextmenu",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.2:SelectPnl',PanelAdvancedCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.2','OPEN_DYNAMIC_MENU','F','I','','GroupSelectionVS','DamViewDoc_w2lx','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);if(typeof(ev)!=='undefined')ev.stopPropagation();else if(typeof(window.event)!=='undefined')window.event.stopPropagation();ev.preventDefault?ev.preventDefault():(ev.returnValue=false);})})();$AddEvent($Control('a5.2.1.2.30.2:SelectPnl',PanelAdvancedCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME),'Event_SelectionChange','UpdateLists','BatchAttributesa5.1.4.5','UpdateSelection,800');document.getElementById("a5.2.1.2.30.3:SelectPnl")&&document.getElementById("a5.2.1.2.30.3:SelectPnl").addEventListener("contextmenu",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.3:SelectPnl',PanelAdvancedCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.3','OPEN_DYNAMIC_MENU','F','I','','GroupSelectionVS','DamViewDoc_w2lx','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);if(typeof(ev)!=='undefined')ev.stopPropagation();else if(typeof(window.event)!=='undefined')window.event.stopPropagation();ev.preventDefault?ev.preventDefault():(ev.returnValue=false);;});(function(){RegisterImageEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.3.1:I","error",function(ev){Utils.ImgChangeSrc(document.getElementById('a5.2.1.2.30.3.1:I').querySelector('img'),'a5.2.1.2.30.3.1:I','Assets/V2/ChFVQzFTNTAwMDAwMDAwMDAwMxIGVFJNaXNjGiNcVFJNaXNjXDk5XGM5XDg2XGRlXDI1XE9SM01TQzI0LmdpZiIECAEQD2IIT1IzTVNDMjQ-~/vqjHbDNJReq1KmQ2/vqjHbDNJReq1KmQ2/OR3MSC24.gif',true);})})();(function(){RegisterButtonEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.3.1:I","click",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.3.1:I',ButtonCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.3.1','SELECT','F','I','Zoom_Light','','','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);})})();$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.3.1:I',ButtonCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SetFileNameOnDrop('"etd-KimYounoh-1547.pdf"');(function(){RegisterButtonEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.3.1:M","click",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.3.1:M',ButtonCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.3.1','SELECT','F','I','Zoom_Light','','','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);})})();(function(){RegisterButtonEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.3.1:PB","click",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.3.1:PB',ButtonCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.3.1','SELECT','F','I','Zoom_Light','','','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);})})();(function(){RegisterButtonEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.3:DetailLink","click",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.3:DetailLink',ButtonCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.3','SELECT','F','I','','','','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);ev.preventDefault();Matrix3.mbClick=true;})})();DeferInject.ShowOnParentHover("a5.2.1.2.30.3:IOHPnl");(function(){RegisterControlEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.3:IOHPnl","click",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.3:IOHPnl',PanelAdvancedCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.3','SELECT','F','I','','','','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);})})();(function(){RegisterControlEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.3:SelectPnl","contextmenu",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.3:SelectPnl',PanelAdvancedCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.3','OPEN_DYNAMIC_MENU','F','I','','GroupSelectionVS','DamViewDoc_w2lx','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);if(typeof(ev)!=='undefined')ev.stopPropagation();else if(typeof(window.event)!=='undefined')window.event.stopPropagation();ev.preventDefault?ev.preventDefault():(ev.returnValue=false);})})();$AddEvent($Control('a5.2.1.2.30.3:SelectPnl',PanelAdvancedCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME),'Event_SelectionChange','UpdateLists','BatchAttributesa5.1.4.5','UpdateSelection,800');document.getElementById("a5.2.1.2.30.4:SelectPnl")&&document.getElementById("a5.2.1.2.30.4:SelectPnl").addEventListener("contextmenu",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.4:SelectPnl',PanelAdvancedCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.4','OPEN_DYNAMIC_MENU','F','I','','GroupSelectionVS','DamViewDoc_w2lx','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);if(typeof(ev)!=='undefined')ev.stopPropagation();else if(typeof(window.event)!=='undefined')window.event.stopPropagation();ev.preventDefault?ev.preventDefault():(ev.returnValue=false);;});(function(){RegisterImageEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.4.1:I","error",function(ev){Utils.ImgChangeSrc(document.getElementById('a5.2.1.2.30.4.1:I').querySelector('img'),'a5.2.1.2.30.4.1:I','Assets/V2/ChFVQzFTNTAwMDAwMDAwMDAwMxIGVFJNaXNjGiNcVFJNaXNjXDk5XGM5XDg2XGRlXDI1XE9SM01TQzI0LmdpZiIECAEQD2IIT1IzTVNDMjQ-~/vqjHbDNJReq1KmQ2/vqjHbDNJReq1KmQ2/OR3MSC24.gif',true);})})();(function(){RegisterButtonEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.4.1:I","click",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.4.1:I',ButtonCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.4.1','SELECT','F','I','Zoom_Light','','','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);})})();$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.4.1:I',ButtonCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SetFileNameOnDrop('"etd-FangYue-11621.pdf"');(function(){RegisterButtonEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.4.1:M","click",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.4.1:M',ButtonCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.4.1','SELECT','F','I','Zoom_Light','','','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);})})();(function(){RegisterButtonEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.4.1:PB","click",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.4.1:PB',ButtonCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.4.1','SELECT','F','I','Zoom_Light','','','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);})})();(function(){RegisterButtonEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.4:DetailLink","click",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.4:DetailLink',ButtonCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.4','SELECT','F','I','','','','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);ev.preventDefault();Matrix3.mbClick=true;})})();DeferInject.ShowOnParentHover("a5.2.1.2.30.4:IOHPnl");(function(){RegisterControlEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.4:IOHPnl","click",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.4:IOHPnl',PanelAdvancedCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.4','SELECT','F','I','','','','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);})})();(function(){RegisterControlEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.4:SelectPnl","contextmenu",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.4:SelectPnl',PanelAdvancedCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.4','OPEN_DYNAMIC_MENU','F','I','','GroupSelectionVS','DamViewDoc_w2lx','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);if(typeof(ev)!=='undefined')ev.stopPropagation();else if(typeof(window.event)!=='undefined')window.event.stopPropagation();ev.preventDefault?ev.preventDefault():(ev.returnValue=false);})})();$AddEvent($Control('a5.2.1.2.30.4:SelectPnl',PanelAdvancedCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME),'Event_SelectionChange','UpdateLists','BatchAttributesa5.1.4.5','UpdateSelection,800');document.getElementById("a5.2.1.2.30.5:SelectPnl")&&document.getElementById("a5.2.1.2.30.5:SelectPnl").addEventListener("contextmenu",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.5:SelectPnl',PanelAdvancedCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.5','OPEN_DYNAMIC_MENU','F','I','','GroupSelectionVS','DamViewDoc_w2lx','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);if(typeof(ev)!=='undefined')ev.stopPropagation();else if(typeof(window.event)!=='undefined')window.event.stopPropagation();ev.preventDefault?ev.preventDefault():(ev.returnValue=false);;});(function(){RegisterImageEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.5.1:I","error",function(ev){Utils.ImgChangeSrc(document.getElementById('a5.2.1.2.30.5.1:I').querySelector('img'),'a5.2.1.2.30.5.1:I','Assets/V2/ChFVQzFTNTAwMDAwMDAwMDAwMxIGVFJNaXNjGiNcVFJNaXNjXDk5XGM5XDg2XGRlXDI1XE9SM01TQzI0LmdpZiIECAEQD2IIT1IzTVNDMjQ-~/vqjHbDNJReq1KmQ2/vqjHbDNJReq1KmQ2/OR3MSC24.gif',true);})})();(function(){RegisterButtonEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.5.1:I","click",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.5.1:I',ButtonCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.5.1','SELECT','F','I','Zoom_Light','','','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);})})();$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.5.1:I',ButtonCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SetFileNameOnDrop('"etd-JiangQin-9673.pdf"');(function(){RegisterButtonEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.5.1:M","click",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.5.1:M',ButtonCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.5.1','SELECT','F','I','Zoom_Light','','','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);})})();(function(){RegisterButtonEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.5.1:PB","click",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.5.1:PB',ButtonCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.5.1','SELECT','F','I','Zoom_Light','','','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);})})();(function(){RegisterButtonEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.5:DetailLink","click",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.5:DetailLink',ButtonCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.5','SELECT','F','I','','','','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);ev.preventDefault();Matrix3.mbClick=true;})})();DeferInject.ShowOnParentHover("a5.2.1.2.30.5:IOHPnl");(function(){RegisterControlEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.5:IOHPnl","click",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.5:IOHPnl',PanelAdvancedCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.5','SELECT','F','I','','','','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);})})();(function(){RegisterControlEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.5:SelectPnl","contextmenu",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.5:SelectPnl',PanelAdvancedCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.5','OPEN_DYNAMIC_MENU','F','I','','GroupSelectionVS','DamViewDoc_w2lx','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);if(typeof(ev)!=='undefined')ev.stopPropagation();else if(typeof(window.event)!=='undefined')window.event.stopPropagation();ev.preventDefault?ev.preventDefault():(ev.returnValue=false);})})();$AddEvent($Control('a5.2.1.2.30.5:SelectPnl',PanelAdvancedCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME),'Event_SelectionChange','UpdateLists','BatchAttributesa5.1.4.5','UpdateSelection,800');document.getElementById("a5.2.1.2.30.6:SelectPnl")&&document.getElementById("a5.2.1.2.30.6:SelectPnl").addEventListener("contextmenu",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.6:SelectPnl',PanelAdvancedCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.6','OPEN_DYNAMIC_MENU','F','I','','GroupSelectionVS','DamViewDoc_w2lx','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);if(typeof(ev)!=='undefined')ev.stopPropagation();else if(typeof(window.event)!=='undefined')window.event.stopPropagation();ev.preventDefault?ev.preventDefault():(ev.returnValue=false);;});(function(){RegisterImageEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.6.1:I","error",function(ev){Utils.ImgChangeSrc(document.getElementById('a5.2.1.2.30.6.1:I').querySelector('img'),'a5.2.1.2.30.6.1:I','Assets/V2/ChFVQzFTNTAwMDAwMDAwMDAwMxIGVFJNaXNjGiNcVFJNaXNjXDk5XGM5XDg2XGRlXDI1XE9SM01TQzI0LmdpZiIECAEQD2IIT1IzTVNDMjQ-~/vqjHbDNJReq1KmQ2/vqjHbDNJReq1KmQ2/OR3MSC24.gif',true);})})();(function(){RegisterButtonEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.6.1:I","click",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.6.1:I',ButtonCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.6.1','SELECT','F','I','Zoom_Light','','','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);})})();$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.6.1:I',ButtonCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SetFileNameOnDrop('"etd-JainUrvash-6372.pdf"');(function(){RegisterButtonEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.6.1:M","click",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.6.1:M',ButtonCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.6.1','SELECT','F','I','Zoom_Light','','','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);})})();(function(){RegisterButtonEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.6.1:PB","click",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.6.1:PB',ButtonCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.6.1','SELECT','F','I','Zoom_Light','','','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);})})();(function(){RegisterButtonEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.6:DetailLink","click",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.6:DetailLink',ButtonCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.6','SELECT','F','I','','','','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);ev.preventDefault();Matrix3.mbClick=true;})})();DeferInject.ShowOnParentHover("a5.2.1.2.30.6:IOHPnl");(function(){RegisterControlEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.6:IOHPnl","click",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.6:IOHPnl',PanelAdvancedCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.6','SELECT','F','I','','','','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);})})();(function(){RegisterControlEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.6:SelectPnl","contextmenu",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.6:SelectPnl',PanelAdvancedCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.6','OPEN_DYNAMIC_MENU','F','I','','GroupSelectionVS','DamViewDoc_w2lx','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);if(typeof(ev)!=='undefined')ev.stopPropagation();else if(typeof(window.event)!=='undefined')window.event.stopPropagation();ev.preventDefault?ev.preventDefault():(ev.returnValue=false);})})();$AddEvent($Control('a5.2.1.2.30.6:SelectPnl',PanelAdvancedCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME),'Event_SelectionChange','UpdateLists','BatchAttributesa5.1.4.5','UpdateSelection,800');document.getElementById("a5.2.1.2.30.7:SelectPnl")&&document.getElementById("a5.2.1.2.30.7:SelectPnl").addEventListener("contextmenu",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.7:SelectPnl',PanelAdvancedCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.7','OPEN_DYNAMIC_MENU','F','I','','GroupSelectionVS','DamViewDoc_w2lx','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);if(typeof(ev)!=='undefined')ev.stopPropagation();else if(typeof(window.event)!=='undefined')window.event.stopPropagation();ev.preventDefault?ev.preventDefault():(ev.returnValue=false);;});(function(){RegisterImageEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.7.1:I","error",function(ev){Utils.ImgChangeSrc(document.getElementById('a5.2.1.2.30.7.1:I').querySelector('img'),'a5.2.1.2.30.7.1:I','Assets/V2/ChFVQzFTNTAwMDAwMDAwMDAwMxIGVFJNaXNjGiNcVFJNaXNjXDk5XGM5XDg2XGRlXDI1XE9SM01TQzI0LmdpZiIECAEQD2IIT1IzTVNDMjQ-~/vqjHbDNJReq1KmQ2/vqjHbDNJReq1KmQ2/OR3MSC24.gif',true);})})();(function(){RegisterButtonEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.7.1:I","click",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.7.1:I',ButtonCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.7.1','SELECT','F','I','Zoom_Light','','','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);})})();$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.7.1:I',ButtonCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SetFileNameOnDrop('"etd-ZhouCheng-4426.pdf"');(function(){RegisterButtonEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.7.1:M","click",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.7.1:M',ButtonCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.7.1','SELECT','F','I','Zoom_Light','','','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);})})();(function(){RegisterButtonEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.7.1:PB","click",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.7.1:PB',ButtonCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.7.1','SELECT','F','I','Zoom_Light','','','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);})})();(function(){RegisterButtonEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.7:DetailLink","click",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.7:DetailLink',ButtonCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.7','SELECT','F','I','','','','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);ev.preventDefault();Matrix3.mbClick=true;})})();DeferInject.ShowOnParentHover("a5.2.1.2.30.7:IOHPnl");(function(){RegisterControlEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.7:IOHPnl","click",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.7:IOHPnl',PanelAdvancedCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.7','SELECT','F','I','','','','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);})})();(function(){RegisterControlEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.7:SelectPnl","contextmenu",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.7:SelectPnl',PanelAdvancedCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.7','OPEN_DYNAMIC_MENU','F','I','','GroupSelectionVS','DamViewDoc_w2lx','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);if(typeof(ev)!=='undefined')ev.stopPropagation();else if(typeof(window.event)!=='undefined')window.event.stopPropagation();ev.preventDefault?ev.preventDefault():(ev.returnValue=false);})})();$AddEvent($Control('a5.2.1.2.30.7:SelectPnl',PanelAdvancedCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME),'Event_SelectionChange','UpdateLists','BatchAttributesa5.1.4.5','UpdateSelection,800');document.getElementById("a5.2.1.2.30.8:SelectPnl")&&document.getElementById("a5.2.1.2.30.8:SelectPnl").addEventListener("contextmenu",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.8:SelectPnl',PanelAdvancedCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.8','OPEN_DYNAMIC_MENU','F','I','','GroupSelectionVS','DamViewDoc_w2lx','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);if(typeof(ev)!=='undefined')ev.stopPropagation();else if(typeof(window.event)!=='undefined')window.event.stopPropagation();ev.preventDefault?ev.preventDefault():(ev.returnValue=false);;});(function(){RegisterImageEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.8.1:I","error",function(ev){Utils.ImgChangeSrc(document.getElementById('a5.2.1.2.30.8.1:I').querySelector('img'),'a5.2.1.2.30.8.1:I','Assets/V2/ChFVQzFTNTAwMDAwMDAwMDAwMxIGVFJNaXNjGiNcVFJNaXNjXDk5XGM5XDg2XGRlXDI1XE9SM01TQzI0LmdpZiIECAEQD2IIT1IzTVNDMjQ-~/vqjHbDNJReq1KmQ2/vqjHbDNJReq1KmQ2/OR3MSC24.gif',true);})})();(function(){RegisterButtonEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.8.1:I","click",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.8.1:I',ButtonCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.8.1','SELECT','F','I','Zoom_Light','','','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);})})();$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.8.1:I',ButtonCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SetFileNameOnDrop('"etd-WangHongmi-7494.pdf"');(function(){RegisterButtonEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.8.1:M","click",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.8.1:M',ButtonCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.8.1','SELECT','F','I','Zoom_Light','','','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);})})();(function(){RegisterButtonEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.8.1:PB","click",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.8.1:PB',ButtonCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.8.1','SELECT','F','I','Zoom_Light','','','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);})})();(function(){RegisterButtonEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.8:DetailLink","click",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.8:DetailLink',ButtonCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.8','SELECT','F','I','','','','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);ev.preventDefault();Matrix3.mbClick=true;})})();DeferInject.ShowOnParentHover("a5.2.1.2.30.8:IOHPnl");(function(){RegisterControlEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.8:IOHPnl","click",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.8:IOHPnl',PanelAdvancedCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.8','SELECT','F','I','','','','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);})})();(function(){RegisterControlEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.8:SelectPnl","contextmenu",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.8:SelectPnl',PanelAdvancedCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.8','OPEN_DYNAMIC_MENU','F','I','','GroupSelectionVS','DamViewDoc_w2lx','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);if(typeof(ev)!=='undefined')ev.stopPropagation();else if(typeof(window.event)!=='undefined')window.event.stopPropagation();ev.preventDefault?ev.preventDefault():(ev.returnValue=false);})})();$AddEvent($Control('a5.2.1.2.30.8:SelectPnl',PanelAdvancedCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME),'Event_SelectionChange','UpdateLists','BatchAttributesa5.1.4.5','UpdateSelection,800');document.getElementById("a5.2.1.2.30.9:SelectPnl")&&document.getElementById("a5.2.1.2.30.9:SelectPnl").addEventListener("contextmenu",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.9:SelectPnl',PanelAdvancedCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.9','OPEN_DYNAMIC_MENU','F','I','','GroupSelectionVS','DamViewDoc_w2lx','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);if(typeof(ev)!=='undefined')ev.stopPropagation();else if(typeof(window.event)!=='undefined')window.event.stopPropagation();ev.preventDefault?ev.preventDefault():(ev.returnValue=false);;});(function(){RegisterImageEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.9.1:I","error",function(ev){Utils.ImgChangeSrc(document.getElementById('a5.2.1.2.30.9.1:I').querySelector('img'),'a5.2.1.2.30.9.1:I','Assets/V2/ChFVQzFTNTAwMDAwMDAwMDAwMxIGVFJNaXNjGiNcVFJNaXNjXDk5XGM5XDg2XGRlXDI1XE9SM01TQzI0LmdpZiIECAEQD2IIT1IzTVNDMjQ-~/vqjHbDNJReq1KmQ2/vqjHbDNJReq1KmQ2/OR3MSC24.gif',true);})})();(function(){RegisterButtonEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.9.1:I","click",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.9.1:I',ButtonCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.9.1','SELECT','F','I','Zoom_Light','','','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);})})();$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.9.1:I',ButtonCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SetFileNameOnDrop('"etd-AbboudAli-7253.pdf"');(function(){RegisterButtonEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.9.1:M","click",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.9.1:M',ButtonCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.9.1','SELECT','F','I','Zoom_Light','','','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);})})();(function(){RegisterButtonEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.9.1:PB","click",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.9.1:PB',ButtonCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.9.1','SELECT','F','I','Zoom_Light','','','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);})})();(function(){RegisterButtonEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.9:DetailLink","click",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.9:DetailLink',ButtonCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.9','SELECT','F','I','','','','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);ev.preventDefault();Matrix3.mbClick=true;})})();DeferInject.ShowOnParentHover("a5.2.1.2.30.9:IOHPnl");(function(){RegisterControlEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.9:IOHPnl","click",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.9:IOHPnl',PanelAdvancedCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.9','SELECT','F','I','','','','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);})})();(function(){RegisterControlEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.9:SelectPnl","contextmenu",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.9:SelectPnl',PanelAdvancedCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.9','OPEN_DYNAMIC_MENU','F','I','','GroupSelectionVS','DamViewDoc_w2lx','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);if(typeof(ev)!=='undefined')ev.stopPropagation();else if(typeof(window.event)!=='undefined')window.event.stopPropagation();ev.preventDefault?ev.preventDefault():(ev.returnValue=false);})})();$AddEvent($Control('a5.2.1.2.30.9:SelectPnl',PanelAdvancedCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME),'Event_SelectionChange','UpdateLists','BatchAttributesa5.1.4.5','UpdateSelection,800');document.getElementById("a5.2.1.2.30.10:SelectPnl")&&document.getElementById("a5.2.1.2.30.10:SelectPnl").addEventListener("contextmenu",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.10:SelectPnl',PanelAdvancedCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.10','OPEN_DYNAMIC_MENU','F','I','','GroupSelectionVS','DamViewDoc_w2lx','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);if(typeof(ev)!=='undefined')ev.stopPropagation();else if(typeof(window.event)!=='undefined')window.event.stopPropagation();ev.preventDefault?ev.preventDefault():(ev.returnValue=false);;});(function(){RegisterImageEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.10.1:I","error",function(ev){Utils.ImgChangeSrc(document.getElementById('a5.2.1.2.30.10.1:I').querySelector('img'),'a5.2.1.2.30.10.1:I','Assets/V2/ChFVQzFTNTAwMDAwMDAwMDAwMxIGVFJNaXNjGiNcVFJNaXNjXDk5XGM5XDg2XGRlXDI1XE9SM01TQzI0LmdpZiIECAEQD2IIT1IzTVNDMjQ-~/vqjHbDNJReq1KmQ2/vqjHbDNJReq1KmQ2/OR3MSC24.gif',true);})})();(function(){RegisterButtonEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.10.1:I","click",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.10.1:I',ButtonCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.10.1','SELECT','F','I','Zoom_Light','','','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);})})();$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.10.1:I',ButtonCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SetFileNameOnDrop('"etd-KimBora-9684.pdf"');(function(){RegisterButtonEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.10.1:M","click",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.10.1:M',ButtonCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.10.1','SELECT','F','I','Zoom_Light','','','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);})})();(function(){RegisterButtonEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.10.1:PB","click",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.10.1:PB',ButtonCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.10.1','SELECT','F','I','Zoom_Light','','','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);})})();(function(){RegisterButtonEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.10:DetailLink","click",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.10:DetailLink',ButtonCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.10','SELECT','F','I','','','','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);ev.preventDefault();Matrix3.mbClick=true;})})();DeferInject.ShowOnParentHover("a5.2.1.2.30.10:IOHPnl");(function(){RegisterControlEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.10:IOHPnl","click",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.10:IOHPnl',PanelAdvancedCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.10','SELECT','F','I','','','','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);})})();(function(){RegisterControlEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.10:SelectPnl","contextmenu",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.10:SelectPnl',PanelAdvancedCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.10','OPEN_DYNAMIC_MENU','F','I','','GroupSelectionVS','DamViewDoc_w2lx','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);if(typeof(ev)!=='undefined')ev.stopPropagation();else if(typeof(window.event)!=='undefined')window.event.stopPropagation();ev.preventDefault?ev.preventDefault():(ev.returnValue=false);})})();$AddEvent($Control('a5.2.1.2.30.10:SelectPnl',PanelAdvancedCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME),'Event_SelectionChange','UpdateLists','BatchAttributesa5.1.4.5','UpdateSelection,800');document.getElementById("a5.2.1.2.30.11:SelectPnl")&&document.getElementById("a5.2.1.2.30.11:SelectPnl").addEventListener("contextmenu",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.11:SelectPnl',PanelAdvancedCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.11','OPEN_DYNAMIC_MENU','F','I','','GroupSelectionVS','DamViewDoc_w2lx','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);if(typeof(ev)!=='undefined')ev.stopPropagation();else if(typeof(window.event)!=='undefined')window.event.stopPropagation();ev.preventDefault?ev.preventDefault():(ev.returnValue=false);;});(function(){RegisterImageEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.11.1:I","error",function(ev){Utils.ImgChangeSrc(document.getElementById('a5.2.1.2.30.11.1:I').querySelector('img'),'a5.2.1.2.30.11.1:I','Assets/V2/ChFVQzFTNTAwMDAwMDAwMDAwMxIGVFJNaXNjGiNcVFJNaXNjXDk5XGM5XDg2XGRlXDI1XE9SM01TQzI0LmdpZiIECAEQD2IIT1IzTVNDMjQ-~/vqjHbDNJReq1KmQ2/vqjHbDNJReq1KmQ2/OR3MSC24.gif',true);})})();(function(){RegisterButtonEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.11.1:I","click",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.11.1:I',ButtonCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.11.1','SELECT','F','I','Zoom_Light','','','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);})})();$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.11.1:I',ButtonCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SetFileNameOnDrop('"etd-ZhuYaoyao-4499.pdf"');(function(){RegisterButtonEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.11.1:M","click",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.11.1:M',ButtonCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.11.1','SELECT','F','I','Zoom_Light','','','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);})})();(function(){RegisterButtonEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.11.1:PB","click",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.11.1:PB',ButtonCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.11.1','SELECT','F','I','Zoom_Light','','','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);})})();(function(){RegisterButtonEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.11:DetailLink","click",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.11:DetailLink',ButtonCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.11','SELECT','F','I','','','','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);ev.preventDefault();Matrix3.mbClick=true;})})();DeferInject.ShowOnParentHover("a5.2.1.2.30.11:IOHPnl");(function(){RegisterControlEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.11:IOHPnl","click",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.11:IOHPnl',PanelAdvancedCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.11','SELECT','F','I','','','','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);})})();(function(){RegisterControlEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.11:SelectPnl","contextmenu",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.11:SelectPnl',PanelAdvancedCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.11','OPEN_DYNAMIC_MENU','F','I','','GroupSelectionVS','DamViewDoc_w2lx','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);if(typeof(ev)!=='undefined')ev.stopPropagation();else if(typeof(window.event)!=='undefined')window.event.stopPropagation();ev.preventDefault?ev.preventDefault():(ev.returnValue=false);})})();$AddEvent($Control('a5.2.1.2.30.11:SelectPnl',PanelAdvancedCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME),'Event_SelectionChange','UpdateLists','BatchAttributesa5.1.4.5','UpdateSelection,800');document.getElementById("a5.2.1.2.30.12:SelectPnl")&&document.getElementById("a5.2.1.2.30.12:SelectPnl").addEventListener("contextmenu",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.12:SelectPnl',PanelAdvancedCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.12','OPEN_DYNAMIC_MENU','F','I','','GroupSelectionVS','DamViewDoc_w2lx','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);if(typeof(ev)!=='undefined')ev.stopPropagation();else if(typeof(window.event)!=='undefined')window.event.stopPropagation();ev.preventDefault?ev.preventDefault():(ev.returnValue=false);;});(function(){RegisterImageEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.12.1:I","error",function(ev){Utils.ImgChangeSrc(document.getElementById('a5.2.1.2.30.12.1:I').querySelector('img'),'a5.2.1.2.30.12.1:I','Assets/V2/ChFVQzFTNTAwMDAwMDAwMDAwMxIGVFJNaXNjGiNcVFJNaXNjXDk5XGM5XDg2XGRlXDI1XE9SM01TQzI0LmdpZiIECAEQD2IIT1IzTVNDMjQ-~/vqjHbDNJReq1KmQ2/vqjHbDNJReq1KmQ2/OR3MSC24.gif',true);})})();(function(){RegisterButtonEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.12.1:I","click",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.12.1:I',ButtonCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.12.1','SELECT','F','I','Zoom_Light','','','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);})})();$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.12.1:I',ButtonCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SetFileNameOnDrop('"etd-JungDawoon-6340.pdf"');(function(){RegisterButtonEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.12.1:M","click",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.12.1:M',ButtonCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.12.1','SELECT','F','I','Zoom_Light','','','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);})})();(function(){RegisterButtonEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.12.1:PB","click",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.12.1:PB',ButtonCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.12.1','SELECT','F','I','Zoom_Light','','','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);})})();(function(){RegisterButtonEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.12:DetailLink","click",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.12:DetailLink',ButtonCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.12','SELECT','F','I','','','','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);ev.preventDefault();Matrix3.mbClick=true;})})();DeferInject.ShowOnParentHover("a5.2.1.2.30.12:IOHPnl");(function(){RegisterControlEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.12:IOHPnl","click",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.12:IOHPnl',PanelAdvancedCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.12','SELECT','F','I','','','','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);})})();(function(){RegisterControlEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.12:SelectPnl","contextmenu",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.12:SelectPnl',PanelAdvancedCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.12','OPEN_DYNAMIC_MENU','F','I','','GroupSelectionVS','DamViewDoc_w2lx','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);if(typeof(ev)!=='undefined')ev.stopPropagation();else if(typeof(window.event)!=='undefined')window.event.stopPropagation();ev.preventDefault?ev.preventDefault():(ev.returnValue=false);})})();$AddEvent($Control('a5.2.1.2.30.12:SelectPnl',PanelAdvancedCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME),'Event_SelectionChange','UpdateLists','BatchAttributesa5.1.4.5','UpdateSelection,800');document.getElementById("a5.2.1.2.30.13:SelectPnl")&&document.getElementById("a5.2.1.2.30.13:SelectPnl").addEventListener("contextmenu",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.13:SelectPnl',PanelAdvancedCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.13','OPEN_DYNAMIC_MENU','F','I','','GroupSelectionVS','DamViewDoc_w2lx','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);if(typeof(ev)!=='undefined')ev.stopPropagation();else if(typeof(window.event)!=='undefined')window.event.stopPropagation();ev.preventDefault?ev.preventDefault():(ev.returnValue=false);;});(function(){RegisterImageEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.13.1:I","error",function(ev){Utils.ImgChangeSrc(document.getElementById('a5.2.1.2.30.13.1:I').querySelector('img'),'a5.2.1.2.30.13.1:I','Assets/V2/ChFVQzFTNTAwMDAwMDAwMDAwMxIGVFJNaXNjGiNcVFJNaXNjXDk5XGM5XDg2XGRlXDI1XE9SM01TQzI0LmdpZiIECAEQD2IIT1IzTVNDMjQ-~/vqjHbDNJReq1KmQ2/vqjHbDNJReq1KmQ2/OR3MSC24.gif',true);})})();(function(){RegisterButtonEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.13.1:I","click",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.13.1:I',ButtonCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.13.1','SELECT','F','I','Zoom_Light','','','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);})})();$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.13.1:I',ButtonCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SetFileNameOnDrop('"etd-ZhangJunwe-1982.pdf"');(function(){RegisterButtonEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.13.1:M","click",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.13.1:M',ButtonCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.13.1','SELECT','F','I','Zoom_Light','','','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);})})();(function(){RegisterButtonEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.13.1:PB","click",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.13.1:PB',ButtonCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.13.1','SELECT','F','I','Zoom_Light','','','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);})})();(function(){RegisterButtonEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.13:DetailLink","click",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.13:DetailLink',ButtonCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.13','SELECT','F','I','','','','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);ev.preventDefault();Matrix3.mbClick=true;})})();DeferInject.ShowOnParentHover("a5.2.1.2.30.13:IOHPnl");(function(){RegisterControlEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.13:IOHPnl","click",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.13:IOHPnl',PanelAdvancedCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.13','SELECT','F','I','','','','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);})})();(function(){RegisterControlEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.13:SelectPnl","contextmenu",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.13:SelectPnl',PanelAdvancedCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.13','OPEN_DYNAMIC_MENU','F','I','','GroupSelectionVS','DamViewDoc_w2lx','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);if(typeof(ev)!=='undefined')ev.stopPropagation();else if(typeof(window.event)!=='undefined')window.event.stopPropagation();ev.preventDefault?ev.preventDefault():(ev.returnValue=false);})})();$AddEvent($Control('a5.2.1.2.30.13:SelectPnl',PanelAdvancedCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME),'Event_SelectionChange','UpdateLists','BatchAttributesa5.1.4.5','UpdateSelection,800');document.getElementById("a5.2.1.2.30.14:SelectPnl")&&document.getElementById("a5.2.1.2.30.14:SelectPnl").addEventListener("contextmenu",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.14:SelectPnl',PanelAdvancedCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.14','OPEN_DYNAMIC_MENU','F','I','','GroupSelectionVS','DamViewDoc_w2lx','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);if(typeof(ev)!=='undefined')ev.stopPropagation();else if(typeof(window.event)!=='undefined')window.event.stopPropagation();ev.preventDefault?ev.preventDefault():(ev.returnValue=false);;});(function(){RegisterImageEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.14.1:I","error",function(ev){Utils.ImgChangeSrc(document.getElementById('a5.2.1.2.30.14.1:I').querySelector('img'),'a5.2.1.2.30.14.1:I','Assets/V2/ChFVQzFTNTAwMDAwMDAwMDAwMxIGVFJNaXNjGiNcVFJNaXNjXDk5XGM5XDg2XGRlXDI1XE9SM01TQzI0LmdpZiIECAEQD2IIT1IzTVNDMjQ-~/vqjHbDNJReq1KmQ2/vqjHbDNJReq1KmQ2/OR3MSC24.gif',true);})})();(function(){RegisterButtonEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.14.1:I","click",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.14.1:I',ButtonCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.14.1','SELECT','F','I','Zoom_Light','','','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);})})();$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.14.1:I',ButtonCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SetFileNameOnDrop('"etd-QianYiwei-9661.pdf"');(function(){RegisterButtonEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.14.1:M","click",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.14.1:M',ButtonCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.14.1','SELECT','F','I','Zoom_Light','','','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);})})();(function(){RegisterButtonEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.14.1:PB","click",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.14.1:PB',ButtonCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.14.1','SELECT','F','I','Zoom_Light','','','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);})})();(function(){RegisterButtonEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.14:DetailLink","click",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.14:DetailLink',ButtonCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.14','SELECT','F','I','','','','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);ev.preventDefault();Matrix3.mbClick=true;})})();DeferInject.ShowOnParentHover("a5.2.1.2.30.14:IOHPnl");(function(){RegisterControlEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.14:IOHPnl","click",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.14:IOHPnl',PanelAdvancedCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.14','SELECT','F','I','','','','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);})})();(function(){RegisterControlEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.14:SelectPnl","contextmenu",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.14:SelectPnl',PanelAdvancedCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.14','OPEN_DYNAMIC_MENU','F','I','','GroupSelectionVS','DamViewDoc_w2lx','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);if(typeof(ev)!=='undefined')ev.stopPropagation();else if(typeof(window.event)!=='undefined')window.event.stopPropagation();ev.preventDefault?ev.preventDefault():(ev.returnValue=false);})})();$AddEvent($Control('a5.2.1.2.30.14:SelectPnl',PanelAdvancedCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME),'Event_SelectionChange','UpdateLists','BatchAttributesa5.1.4.5','UpdateSelection,800');document.getElementById("a5.2.1.2.30.15:SelectPnl")&&document.getElementById("a5.2.1.2.30.15:SelectPnl").addEventListener("contextmenu",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.15:SelectPnl',PanelAdvancedCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.15','OPEN_DYNAMIC_MENU','F','I','','GroupSelectionVS','DamViewDoc_w2lx','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);if(typeof(ev)!=='undefined')ev.stopPropagation();else if(typeof(window.event)!=='undefined')window.event.stopPropagation();ev.preventDefault?ev.preventDefault():(ev.returnValue=false);;});(function(){RegisterImageEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.15.1:I","error",function(ev){Utils.ImgChangeSrc(document.getElementById('a5.2.1.2.30.15.1:I').querySelector('img'),'a5.2.1.2.30.15.1:I','Assets/V2/ChFVQzFTNTAwMDAwMDAwMDAwMxIGVFJNaXNjGiNcVFJNaXNjXDk5XGM5XDg2XGRlXDI1XE9SM01TQzI0LmdpZiIECAEQD2IIT1IzTVNDMjQ-~/vqjHbDNJReq1KmQ2/vqjHbDNJReq1KmQ2/OR3MSC24.gif',true);})})();(function(){RegisterButtonEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.15.1:I","click",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.15.1:I',ButtonCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.15.1','SELECT','F','I','Zoom_Light','','','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);})})();$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.15.1:I',ButtonCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SetFileNameOnDrop('"etd-FlorianSan-4258.pdf"');(function(){RegisterButtonEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.15.1:M","click",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.15.1:M',ButtonCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.15.1','SELECT','F','I','Zoom_Light','','','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);})})();(function(){RegisterButtonEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.15.1:PB","click",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.15.1:PB',ButtonCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.15.1','SELECT','F','I','Zoom_Light','','','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);})})();(function(){RegisterButtonEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.15:DetailLink","click",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.15:DetailLink',ButtonCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.15','SELECT','F','I','','','','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);ev.preventDefault();Matrix3.mbClick=true;})})();DeferInject.ShowOnParentHover("a5.2.1.2.30.15:IOHPnl");(function(){RegisterControlEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.15:IOHPnl","click",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.15:IOHPnl',PanelAdvancedCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.15','SELECT','F','I','','','','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);})})();(function(){RegisterControlEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.15:SelectPnl","contextmenu",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.15:SelectPnl',PanelAdvancedCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.15','OPEN_DYNAMIC_MENU','F','I','','GroupSelectionVS','DamViewDoc_w2lx','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);if(typeof(ev)!=='undefined')ev.stopPropagation();else if(typeof(window.event)!=='undefined')window.event.stopPropagation();ev.preventDefault?ev.preventDefault():(ev.returnValue=false);})})();$AddEvent($Control('a5.2.1.2.30.15:SelectPnl',PanelAdvancedCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME),'Event_SelectionChange','UpdateLists','BatchAttributesa5.1.4.5','UpdateSelection,800');document.getElementById("a5.2.1.2.30.16:SelectPnl")&&document.getElementById("a5.2.1.2.30.16:SelectPnl").addEventListener("contextmenu",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.16:SelectPnl',PanelAdvancedCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.16','OPEN_DYNAMIC_MENU','F','I','','GroupSelectionVS','DamViewDoc_w2lx','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);if(typeof(ev)!=='undefined')ev.stopPropagation();else if(typeof(window.event)!=='undefined')window.event.stopPropagation();ev.preventDefault?ev.preventDefault():(ev.returnValue=false);;});(function(){RegisterImageEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.16.1:I","error",function(ev){Utils.ImgChangeSrc(document.getElementById('a5.2.1.2.30.16.1:I').querySelector('img'),'a5.2.1.2.30.16.1:I','Assets/V2/ChFVQzFTNTAwMDAwMDAwMDAwMxIGVFJNaXNjGiNcVFJNaXNjXDk5XGM5XDg2XGRlXDI1XE9SM01TQzI0LmdpZiIECAEQD2IIT1IzTVNDMjQ-~/vqjHbDNJReq1KmQ2/vqjHbDNJReq1KmQ2/OR3MSC24.gif',true);})})();(function(){RegisterButtonEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.16.1:I","click",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.16.1:I',ButtonCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.16.1','SELECT','F','I','Zoom_Light','','','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);})})();$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.16.1:I',ButtonCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SetFileNameOnDrop('"etd-NgJamesL-1712.pdf"');(function(){RegisterButtonEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.16.1:M","click",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.16.1:M',ButtonCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.16.1','SELECT','F','I','Zoom_Light','','','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);})})();(function(){RegisterButtonEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.16.1:PB","click",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.16.1:PB',ButtonCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.16.1','SELECT','F','I','Zoom_Light','','','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);})})();(function(){RegisterButtonEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.16:DetailLink","click",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.16:DetailLink',ButtonCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.16','SELECT','F','I','','','','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);ev.preventDefault();Matrix3.mbClick=true;})})();DeferInject.ShowOnParentHover("a5.2.1.2.30.16:IOHPnl");(function(){RegisterControlEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.16:IOHPnl","click",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.16:IOHPnl',PanelAdvancedCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.16','SELECT','F','I','','','','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);})})();(function(){RegisterControlEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.16:SelectPnl","contextmenu",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.16:SelectPnl',PanelAdvancedCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.16','OPEN_DYNAMIC_MENU','F','I','','GroupSelectionVS','DamViewDoc_w2lx','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);if(typeof(ev)!=='undefined')ev.stopPropagation();else if(typeof(window.event)!=='undefined')window.event.stopPropagation();ev.preventDefault?ev.preventDefault():(ev.returnValue=false);})})();$AddEvent($Control('a5.2.1.2.30.16:SelectPnl',PanelAdvancedCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME),'Event_SelectionChange','UpdateLists','BatchAttributesa5.1.4.5','UpdateSelection,800');document.getElementById("a5.2.1.2.30.17:SelectPnl")&&document.getElementById("a5.2.1.2.30.17:SelectPnl").addEventListener("contextmenu",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.17:SelectPnl',PanelAdvancedCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.17','OPEN_DYNAMIC_MENU','F','I','','GroupSelectionVS','DamViewDoc_w2lx','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);if(typeof(ev)!=='undefined')ev.stopPropagation();else if(typeof(window.event)!=='undefined')window.event.stopPropagation();ev.preventDefault?ev.preventDefault():(ev.returnValue=false);;});(function(){RegisterImageEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.17.1:I","error",function(ev){Utils.ImgChangeSrc(document.getElementById('a5.2.1.2.30.17.1:I').querySelector('img'),'a5.2.1.2.30.17.1:I','Assets/V2/ChFVQzFTNTAwMDAwMDAwMDAwMxIGVFJNaXNjGiNcVFJNaXNjXDk5XGM5XDg2XGRlXDI1XE9SM01TQzI0LmdpZiIECAEQD2IIT1IzTVNDMjQ-~/vqjHbDNJReq1KmQ2/vqjHbDNJReq1KmQ2/OR3MSC24.gif',true);})})();(function(){RegisterButtonEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.17.1:I","click",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.17.1:I',ButtonCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.17.1','SELECT','F','I','Zoom_Light','','','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);})})();$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.17.1:I',ButtonCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SetFileNameOnDrop('"etd-BharatiTus-6349.pdf"');(function(){RegisterButtonEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.17.1:M","click",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.17.1:M',ButtonCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.17.1','SELECT','F','I','Zoom_Light','','','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);})})();(function(){RegisterButtonEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.17.1:PB","click",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.17.1:PB',ButtonCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.17.1','SELECT','F','I','Zoom_Light','','','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);})})();(function(){RegisterButtonEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.17:DetailLink","click",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.17:DetailLink',ButtonCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.17','SELECT','F','I','','','','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);ev.preventDefault();Matrix3.mbClick=true;})})();DeferInject.ShowOnParentHover("a5.2.1.2.30.17:IOHPnl");(function(){RegisterControlEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.17:IOHPnl","click",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.17:IOHPnl',PanelAdvancedCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.17','SELECT','F','I','','','','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);})})();(function(){RegisterControlEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.17:SelectPnl","contextmenu",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.17:SelectPnl',PanelAdvancedCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.17','OPEN_DYNAMIC_MENU','F','I','','GroupSelectionVS','DamViewDoc_w2lx','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);if(typeof(ev)!=='undefined')ev.stopPropagation();else if(typeof(window.event)!=='undefined')window.event.stopPropagation();ev.preventDefault?ev.preventDefault():(ev.returnValue=false);})})();$AddEvent($Control('a5.2.1.2.30.17:SelectPnl',PanelAdvancedCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME),'Event_SelectionChange','UpdateLists','BatchAttributesa5.1.4.5','UpdateSelection,800');document.getElementById("a5.2.1.2.30.18:SelectPnl")&&document.getElementById("a5.2.1.2.30.18:SelectPnl").addEventListener("contextmenu",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.18:SelectPnl',PanelAdvancedCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.18','OPEN_DYNAMIC_MENU','F','I','','GroupSelectionVS','DamViewDoc_w2lx','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);if(typeof(ev)!=='undefined')ev.stopPropagation();else if(typeof(window.event)!=='undefined')window.event.stopPropagation();ev.preventDefault?ev.preventDefault():(ev.returnValue=false);;});(function(){RegisterImageEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.18.1:I","error",function(ev){Utils.ImgChangeSrc(document.getElementById('a5.2.1.2.30.18.1:I').querySelector('img'),'a5.2.1.2.30.18.1:I','Assets/V2/ChFVQzFTNTAwMDAwMDAwMDAwMxIGVFJNaXNjGiNcVFJNaXNjXDk5XGM5XDg2XGRlXDI1XE9SM01TQzI0LmdpZiIECAEQD2IIT1IzTVNDMjQ-~/vqjHbDNJReq1KmQ2/vqjHbDNJReq1KmQ2/OR3MSC24.gif',true);})})();(function(){RegisterButtonEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.18.1:I","click",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.18.1:I',ButtonCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.18.1','SELECT','F','I','Zoom_Light','','','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);})})();$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.18.1:I',ButtonCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SetFileNameOnDrop('"etd-GaduhAryaB-1692.pdf"');(function(){RegisterButtonEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.18.1:M","click",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.18.1:M',ButtonCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.18.1','SELECT','F','I','Zoom_Light','','','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);})})();(function(){RegisterButtonEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.18.1:PB","click",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.18.1:PB',ButtonCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.18.1','SELECT','F','I','Zoom_Light','','','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);})})();(function(){RegisterButtonEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.18:DetailLink","click",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.18:DetailLink',ButtonCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.18','SELECT','F','I','','','','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);ev.preventDefault();Matrix3.mbClick=true;})})();DeferInject.ShowOnParentHover("a5.2.1.2.30.18:IOHPnl");(function(){RegisterControlEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.18:IOHPnl","click",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.18:IOHPnl',PanelAdvancedCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.18','SELECT','F','I','','','','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);})})();(function(){RegisterControlEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.18:SelectPnl","contextmenu",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.18:SelectPnl',PanelAdvancedCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.18','OPEN_DYNAMIC_MENU','F','I','','GroupSelectionVS','DamViewDoc_w2lx','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);if(typeof(ev)!=='undefined')ev.stopPropagation();else if(typeof(window.event)!=='undefined')window.event.stopPropagation();ev.preventDefault?ev.preventDefault():(ev.returnValue=false);})})();$AddEvent($Control('a5.2.1.2.30.18:SelectPnl',PanelAdvancedCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME),'Event_SelectionChange','UpdateLists','BatchAttributesa5.1.4.5','UpdateSelection,800');document.getElementById("a5.2.1.2.30.19:SelectPnl")&&document.getElementById("a5.2.1.2.30.19:SelectPnl").addEventListener("contextmenu",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.19:SelectPnl',PanelAdvancedCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.19','OPEN_DYNAMIC_MENU','F','I','','GroupSelectionVS','DamViewDoc_w2lx','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);if(typeof(ev)!=='undefined')ev.stopPropagation();else if(typeof(window.event)!=='undefined')window.event.stopPropagation();ev.preventDefault?ev.preventDefault():(ev.returnValue=false);;});(function(){RegisterImageEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.19.1:I","error",function(ev){Utils.ImgChangeSrc(document.getElementById('a5.2.1.2.30.19.1:I').querySelector('img'),'a5.2.1.2.30.19.1:I','Assets/V2/ChFVQzFTNTAwMDAwMDAwMDAwMxIGVFJNaXNjGiNcVFJNaXNjXDk5XGM5XDg2XGRlXDI1XE9SM01TQzI0LmdpZiIECAEQD2IIT1IzTVNDMjQ-~/vqjHbDNJReq1KmQ2/vqjHbDNJReq1KmQ2/OR3MSC24.gif',true);})})();(function(){RegisterButtonEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.19.1:I","click",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.19.1:I',ButtonCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.19.1','SELECT','F','I','Zoom_Light','','','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);})})();$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.19.1:I',ButtonCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SetFileNameOnDrop('"etd-GhausUsman-9833.pdf"');(function(){RegisterButtonEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.19.1:M","click",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.19.1:M',ButtonCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.19.1','SELECT','F','I','Zoom_Light','','','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);})})();(function(){RegisterButtonEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.19.1:PB","click",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.19.1:PB',ButtonCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.19.1','SELECT','F','I','Zoom_Light','','','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);})})();(function(){RegisterButtonEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.19:DetailLink","click",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.19:DetailLink',ButtonCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.19','SELECT','F','I','','','','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);ev.preventDefault();Matrix3.mbClick=true;})})();DeferInject.ShowOnParentHover("a5.2.1.2.30.19:IOHPnl");(function(){RegisterControlEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.19:IOHPnl","click",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.19:IOHPnl',PanelAdvancedCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.19','SELECT','F','I','','','','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);})})();(function(){RegisterControlEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.19:SelectPnl","contextmenu",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.19:SelectPnl',PanelAdvancedCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.19','OPEN_DYNAMIC_MENU','F','I','','GroupSelectionVS','DamViewDoc_w2lx','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);if(typeof(ev)!=='undefined')ev.stopPropagation();else if(typeof(window.event)!=='undefined')window.event.stopPropagation();ev.preventDefault?ev.preventDefault():(ev.returnValue=false);})})();$AddEvent($Control('a5.2.1.2.30.19:SelectPnl',PanelAdvancedCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME),'Event_SelectionChange','UpdateLists','BatchAttributesa5.1.4.5','UpdateSelection,800');document.getElementById("a5.2.1.2.30.20:SelectPnl")&&document.getElementById("a5.2.1.2.30.20:SelectPnl").addEventListener("contextmenu",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.20:SelectPnl',PanelAdvancedCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.20','OPEN_DYNAMIC_MENU','F','I','','GroupSelectionVS','DamViewDoc_w2lx','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);if(typeof(ev)!=='undefined')ev.stopPropagation();else if(typeof(window.event)!=='undefined')window.event.stopPropagation();ev.preventDefault?ev.preventDefault():(ev.returnValue=false);;});(function(){RegisterImageEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.20.1:I","error",function(ev){Utils.ImgChangeSrc(document.getElementById('a5.2.1.2.30.20.1:I').querySelector('img'),'a5.2.1.2.30.20.1:I','Assets/V2/ChFVQzFTNTAwMDAwMDAwMDAwMxIGVFJNaXNjGiNcVFJNaXNjXDk5XGM5XDg2XGRlXDI1XE9SM01TQzI0LmdpZiIECAEQD2IIT1IzTVNDMjQ-~/vqjHbDNJReq1KmQ2/vqjHbDNJReq1KmQ2/OR3MSC24.gif',true);})})();(function(){RegisterButtonEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.20.1:I","click",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.20.1:I',ButtonCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.20.1','SELECT','F','I','Zoom_Light','','','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);})})();$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.20.1:I',ButtonCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SetFileNameOnDrop('"etd-KwonWillia-2822.pdf"');(function(){RegisterButtonEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.20.1:M","click",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.20.1:M',ButtonCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.20.1','SELECT','F','I','Zoom_Light','','','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);})})();(function(){RegisterButtonEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.20.1:PB","click",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.20.1:PB',ButtonCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.20.1','SELECT','F','I','Zoom_Light','','','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);})})();(function(){RegisterButtonEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.20:DetailLink","click",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.20:DetailLink',ButtonCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.20','SELECT','F','I','','','','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);ev.preventDefault();Matrix3.mbClick=true;})})();DeferInject.ShowOnParentHover("a5.2.1.2.30.20:IOHPnl");(function(){RegisterControlEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.20:IOHPnl","click",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.20:IOHPnl',PanelAdvancedCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.20','SELECT','F','I','','','','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);})})();(function(){RegisterControlEvent("a5.2.1.2.30.20:SelectPnl","contextmenu",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.30.20:SelectPnl',PanelAdvancedCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.30.20','OPEN_DYNAMIC_MENU','F','I','','GroupSelectionVS','DamViewDoc_w2lx','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);if(typeof(ev)!=='undefined')ev.stopPropagation();else if(typeof(window.event)!=='undefined')window.event.stopPropagation();ev.preventDefault?ev.preventDefault():(ev.returnValue=false);})})();$AddEvent($Control('a5.2.1.2.30.20:SelectPnl',PanelAdvancedCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME),'Event_SelectionChange','UpdateLists','BatchAttributesa5.1.4.5','UpdateSelection,800');$Control('a5.2.1.2:OR1ND000001481259',PanelAdvancedCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).ActiveFold('open','Conceptually 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oParams={'MediaIdentifier':'[MEDIA_IDENTIFIER]','PopupID':'[POPUP_ID]','InstanceID':'[INSTANCE_ID]','VFormID':'[VFORM_ID]'};InitializeMediaAnnotatedTags(oParams);});});;(function(){RegisterButtonEvent("a5.2.1.2.22.1:K1","click",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.22.1:K1',ButtonCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.22.1','SEARCH','F','I','2A3BLI859AVB','','','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);})})();(function(){RegisterButtonEvent("a5.2.1.2.22.1:K2","click",function(ev){$Control('a5.2.1.2.22.1:K2',ButtonCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2.1.2.22.1','SEARCH','F','I','2A3BLI859DU8','','','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);})})();$Control('a5.2.1.2:OR1ND000001484032',PanelAdvancedCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).ActiveFold('open','Tags','','','top','','','','PanelTitleFold','PanelTitleUnfold');$AddEvent($Control('a5.2.1.2:OR1ND000001484032',PanelAdvancedCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME),'Event_CloseFold','CLOSE_FOLD','SearchResult_VPage.DocumentRoot_VForm_0.TabMenuDoc.X0CND000000001773Multimedia_DbBO.OR1ND000001484032','');$AddEvent($Control('a5.2.1.2:OR1ND000001484032',PanelAdvancedCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME),'Event_OpenFold','OPEN_FOLD','SearchResult_VPage.DocumentRoot_VForm_0.TabMenuDoc.X0CND000000001773Multimedia_DbBO.OR1ND000001484032','');$AddAction($Control('a5.2.1.2:OR1ND000001484032',PanelAdvancedCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME),'Action_OpenFold','JS_OPEN_FOLD','a5.2.1.2','');$AddAction($Control('a5.2.1.2:PanelHeaderSeparatorOR1ND000001484032',PanelCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME),'Action_RemoveClass','OPEN_FOLD','SearchResult_VPage.DocumentRoot_VForm_0.TabMenuDoc.X0CND000000001773Multimedia_DbBO.OR1ND000001484032','InvisibleC');$AddAction($Control('a5.2.1.2:PanelHeaderSeparatorOR1ND000001484032',PanelCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME),'Action_AddClass','CLOSE_FOLD','SearchResult_VPage.DocumentRoot_VForm_0.TabMenuDoc.X0CND000000001773Multimedia_DbBO.OR1ND000001484032','InvisibleC');DeferInject.ShowOnParentHover("a5.2.1.2:ActionsPnlOR1ND000001484032");FixedPos.Activate('a5.2.1.2:EditModePnl',null,0,true,false,false,false,null,false,false,'',false,'','');if([].length>0){Utils.LoadScript([],function(){},null,false);}else{};(function(){RegisterButtonEvent("a5.2:PopupCommand","click",function(ev){$Control('a5.2:PopupCommand',ButtonCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME).SendEvent('a5.2','ClosePopup','F','I','','','','','','',false,'','','','',typeof(ev)==='undefined'?window.event:ev);})})();$AddEvent($Control('a5.2:GlobalPnl',PanelAdvancedCtrl.Const.CONTROL_NAME),'Event_Click','BodyClicked','Global','');Matrix3.ShowNotification("By using our website, you agree to our use of cookies as described in \u003ca style=\u0027text-decoration: underline;\u0027 href=\u0027https://www.orangelogic.com/cookie-policy\u0027 target=\u0027_blank\u0027\u003e Cookie Policy\u003c/a\u003e.","",{timeout:false,notificationType:"info",close:false,buttons:[[' ',function(instance,toast){instance.hide({transitionOut:'fadeOutRight'},toast);instance.hide({transitionOut:'fadeOutRight'},toast);Matrix3.AddEvent('a5.1.2','ACCEPT_COOKIE_POLICY',Matrix3.Const.RETURNTYPE_VIEWSTATE,Matrix3.Const.DELAY_IMMEDIAT,'',null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,false,null);}],[' ',function(instance,toast){instance.hide({transitionOut:'fadeOutRight'},toast);instance.hide({transitionOut:'fadeOutRight'},toast);Matrix3.AddEvent('a5.1.2','ACCEPT_COOKIE_POLICY',Matrix3.Const.RETURNTYPE_VIEWSTATE,Matrix3.Const.DELAY_IMMEDIAT,'',null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,false,null);}]],id:null,theme:"light",drag:false});MultipleSelectionMgr.GetInstance().UpdateTopSelectionBarOnSelection('DamViewDoc_w2lx');MultipleSelectionMgr.GetInstance().UpdateTopSelectionBarOnSelection('DamViewDoc_w2lx');EditableTable.SetHasOverviewSidePanel(1,false);EditableTable.SetHasOverviewSidePanel(1,false);EditableTable.SetHasOverviewSidePanel(1,false);EditableTable.SetHasOverviewSidePanel(1,false);EditableTable.SetHasOverviewSidePanel(1,false);EditableTable.SetHasOverviewSidePanel(1,false);EditableTable.SetHasOverviewSidePanel(1,false);EditableTable.SetHasOverviewSidePanel(1,false);EditableTable.SetHasOverviewSidePanel(1,false);EditableTable.SetHasOverviewSidePanel(1,false);EditableTable.SetHasOverviewSidePanel(1,false);EditableTable.SetHasOverviewSidePanel(1,false);EditableTable.SetHasOverviewSidePanel(1,false);EditableTable.SetHasOverviewSidePanel(1,false);EditableTable.SetHasOverviewSidePanel(1,false);EditableTable.SetHasOverviewSidePanel(1,false);EditableTable.SetHasOverviewSidePanel(1,false);EditableTable.SetHasOverviewSidePanel(1,false);EditableTable.SetHasOverviewSidePanel(1,false);EditableTable.SetHasOverviewSidePanel(1,false);EditableTable.SetHasOverviewSidePanel(1,false);EditableTable.SetHasOverviewSidePanel(1,false);EditableTable.SetHasOverviewSidePanel(1,false);EditableTable.SetHasOverviewSidePanel(1,false);Matrix3.RegisterForCleanup("a5.1.3)","BindableElementsProvider_InstructionsURL",function(){setTimeout(function(){BindableElementsMgr.GetInstance().CleanupElement(Matrix3.FindScope('a5.1.3'),'InstructionsURL');},0);});Matrix3.RegisterForCleanup("a5.1.3)","BindableElementsProvider_DownloaderReady",function(){setTimeout(function(){BindableElementsMgr.GetInstance().CleanupElement(Matrix3.FindScope('a5.1.3'),'DownloaderReady');},0);});Matrix3.RegisterForCleanup("a5.1.3)","BindableElementsProvider_DefaultDownloadFolder",function(){setTimeout(function(){BindableElementsMgr.GetInstance().CleanupElement(Matrix3.FindScope('a5.1.3'),'DefaultDownloadFolder');},0);});Matrix3.RegisterForCleanup("a5.1.3)","BindableElementsProvider_UserID",function(){setTimeout(function(){BindableElementsMgr.GetInstance().CleanupElement(Matrix3.FindScope('a5.1.3'),'UserID');},0);});Matrix3.RegisterForCleanup("a5.1.3)","BindableElementsProvider_OpenDownloaderEvent",function(){setTimeout(function(){BindableElementsMgr.GetInstance().CleanupElement(Matrix3.FindScope('a5.1.3'),'OpenDownloaderEvent');},0);});Matrix3.RegisterForCleanup("a5.1.3)","BindableElementsProvider_LocationRequestedEvent",function(){setTimeout(function(){BindableElementsMgr.GetInstance().CleanupElement(Matrix3.FindScope('a5.1.3'),'LocationRequestedEvent');},0);});Matrix3.RegisterForCleanup("a5.1.3)","BindableElementsProvider_LocationPickedEvent",function(){setTimeout(function(){BindableElementsMgr.GetInstance().CleanupElement(Matrix3.FindScope('a5.1.3'),'LocationPickedEvent');},0);});Matrix3.RegisterForCleanup("a5.1.3)","BindableElementsProvider_DownloadRequestedEvent",function(){setTimeout(function(){BindableElementsMgr.GetInstance().CleanupElement(Matrix3.FindScope('a5.1.3'),'DownloadRequestedEvent');},0);});Matrix3.RegisterForCleanup("a5.1.3)","BindableElementsProvider_OpenDirectoryPickerAction",function(){setTimeout(function(){BindableElementsMgr.GetInstance().CleanupElement(Matrix3.FindScope('a5.1.3'),'OpenDirectoryPickerAction');},0);});Matrix3.RegisterForCleanup("a5.1.3)","BindableElementsProvider_PromptAction",function(){setTimeout(function(){BindableElementsMgr.GetInstance().CleanupElement(Matrix3.FindScope('a5.1.3'),'PromptAction');},0);});Matrix3.RegisterForCleanup("a5.1.3)","BindableElementsProvider_PromptRepliedEvent",function(){setTimeout(function(){BindableElementsMgr.GetInstance().CleanupElement(Matrix3.FindScope('a5.1.3'),'PromptRepliedEvent');},0);});Matrix3.RegisterForCleanup("a5.2.1.2)","BindableElementsProvider_DocumentRID",function(){setTimeout(function(){BindableElementsMgr.GetInstance().CleanupElement(Matrix3.FindScope('a5.2.1.2'),'DocumentRID');},0);});Matrix3.RegisterForCleanup("a5.2.1.2)","BindableElementsProvider_MediaEventHub",function(){setTimeout(function(){BindableElementsMgr.GetInstance().CleanupElement(Matrix3.FindScope('a5.2.1.2'),'MediaEventHub');},0);});ResizeMgr.SendResToServer();$.ajax({type:"GET",url:"htm/AlterSession.aspx?BrowserTimezoneOffset="+(new Date()).getTimezoneOffset()+"&BrowserTimezone="+Intl.DateTimeFormat().resolvedOptions().timeZone});SimpleTooltip.Setup();WysiwygManager.Setup();CollaborationManager.Setup("","KU1B2PU_D","btm3aW+aeILXqMlpAVkOK11wE7H0F1Swy0u1EONm6nHKuZlplyMjOEb2NgBinvl3DaEvfnuUNoL1AsNqUcyjuAxA9VRsXzGiJWzYO8nipIA=");Matrix3.RefreshVUCButtons(false);},null,true);}); - Environment
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- Family Planning
Essays on Family Planning
Family planning is the technique of determining the number and spacing of children that a married couple wishes to have. Family planning entails the employment of programs to prevent pregnancy using contraception and other means of birth control (Schuiling & Likis, 2013). Family planning is a critical component of sexual and...
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The Neolithic Revolution and Urban Development Since the Neolithic Revolution, families have begun to face difficulties. This was the moment, as described, when humanity ceased to be nomadic hunters and decided to become sedentary farmers. The explanation behind this statement is that people shrunk in size due to social hierarchies and...
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Home / Essay Samples / Life / Family / Family Planning
Family Planning Essay Examples
The storm by kate chopin: the restoration of pleasure.
Family relationships possess a strong theme within American Literature. Whether loving or failing, relationships with siblings, children, and parents are the source of an individual’s development. The outcomes of family relationships and how essential a family is to all living humans is brought out clearly...
Changes in My Family & My Growing
They say one of the most important things in life is family. A family is always supposed to be there for you, there never supposed to leave your side, but sometimes they do. One of the hardest things I have had to deal with is...
The Problems with Family Planning in India
India has always been suffering from a couple of problems whether they are related to health, education or unemployment and the issue of family planning has been one of them. It has become a serious problem because of increasing people’s choice of fertility, preference of...
The Need to Include Family Planning into Health Care Plans
Annually 6.1 million pregnancies are recorded in the US and about 45% are reported as unplanned or untimed according to Healthy People 2020, a national program managed by the Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. Healthy People 2020 sets national goals that, when met,...
Policy Context of Family Planning (national Policy) in India
Within this paper we will deal with development policy suggestions that reflect the role that education plays for fertility reduction and population control as well as the importance of making free and informed decisions by individuals and how that is most pressing need of the...
Moving to USA Or My New Favorite Place
Have you ever had your life completely changed in one simple question? The type of change that flips your world upside down, makes you rethink everything in your life, well I had, everything changed six years ago, on a Sunday afternoon. It was springtime, the...
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