what is the difference between nationalism and patriotism essay

Patriotism vs. Nationalism: What’s The Difference?

You’ve probably heard of public servants carrying out great acts of patriotism . You’ve probably also heard of concerns of a rising wave of nationalism around the world. Yes, both words involve some form of pride in one’s country, but there is an incredibly important distinction to be made between the two.

Historically, both patriotism and nationalism were used roughly in the same way. But they significantly diverged along the way, and one has a much more positive connotation than the other. Do you know which is which?

In this article, we’ll explain the difference between patriotism and nationalism , the different forms they can take and what they can lead to, as well as how to use them correctly.

What is the difference between patriotism and nationalism ?

The word patriotism is a noun that means “devoted love, support, and defense of one’s country; national loyalty.”

The term often brings to mind people directly involved with the defense of a nation, namely military service members as well as state and local government representatives. For example: The soldiers showed exemplary patriotism defending their country from attack.

Patriotism, however, can take many other forms outside serving in the military and public office. Diplomats , teachers, first responders , and so many more all exemplify patriotism in the many forms of good they do in service of their communities.

There are millions of government employees, as well as millions who volunteer their time in the interest of their country. Individual acts of pride, such as displaying an American flag at one’s home, are also examples of patriotism .

The word patriotism is first recorded in the early 1700s. Interestingly, by the 1770s, the word patriot could refer to “a member of a resistance movement, a freedom fighter,” specifically those who fought against the British in the war for independence—associations that persist today.

Patriotism is based on patriot , which is recorded in the 1500s. This word ultimately derives from Greek patriṓtēs , “fellow-countryman or lineage member.” The root of this word, in turn, means “ fatherland .” Paternal , patriarchy , and even English’s own father are related.

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In most contexts today, nationalism is “the policy or doctrine of asserting the interests of one’s own nation viewed as separate from the interests of other nations or the common interests of all nations.” In short, nationalism is a kind of excessive, aggressive patriotism.

Modern nationalism is rooted, in part, in French and American revolutions that fought for the sovereignty of their people over monarchies. This historic nationalism is generally viewed favorably, a cornerstone of Western liberalism and democracy.

However, fascist regimes have merged the fervor of nationalism with the notions of superiority, especially when it comes to ethnicity and religion. In such contexts,  “patriots” can become those who happened to agree with you or look like you, and “traitors” those who do not.

This form of nationalism is what happens when patriotism gets out of hand and morphs into something more exclusionary, isolationist, and … well, chauvinist . For example, The lecturer’s speech on immigration and foreign policy quickly devolved into nationalism , blaming undocumented migrants for the climbing unemployment rate, making much of the audience feel uneasy .

Such nationalism can result in jingoism , which is a form of extreme nationalism promoting vigilant preparedness for war and an aggressive foreign policy. It can also result in  isolationism , or “the policy or doctrine of isolating one’s country from the affairs of other nations by declining to enter into alliances, foreign economic commitments, international agreement.”

Recorded in the early 1800s, nationalism , as you probably guessed, is based on nation , ultimately from a Latin word meaning “birth, tribe.”

How to use patriotism vs. nationalism

When using these words, it’s important to keep context, and connotation , in mind:

Patriotism generally has a positive connotation. It’s used for various positive sentiments, attitudes, and actions involving loving one’s country and serving the great good of all its people.

Nationalism generally has a negative connotation. It’s used for political ideologies and movements that a more extreme and exclusionary love of one’s country—at the expense of foreigners, immigrants, and even people in a country who aren’t believed to belong in some way, often racial and religious grounds.

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What is the difference between nationalism and patriotism?

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During his presidency, Donald Trump said, “We’re putting America first … we’re taking care of ourselves for a change,” and then declared, “ I’m a nationalist .” In another speech , he stated that under his watch, the U.S. had “ embrace[d] the doctrine of patriotism .”

Trump is now running for president again. When he announced his candidacy, he stated that he “ need[s] every patriot on board because this is not just a campaign, this is a quest to save our country.”

One week later he dined in Mar-a-Lago with Nick Fuentes , a self-described nationalist who’s been banned from Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, YouTube and other platforms for using racist and antisemitic language .

Afterward, Trump confirmed that meeting but did not denounce Fuentes, despite calls for him to do so .

The words nationalism and patriotism are sometimes used as synonyms, such as when Trump and his supporters describe his America First agenda. But many political scientists , including me , don’t typically see those two terms as equivalent – or even compatible.

There is a difference, and it’s important, not just to scholars but to regular citizens as well.

Devotion to a people

To understand what nationalism is, it’s useful to understand what a nation is – and isn’t.

A nation is a group of people who share a history, culture, language, religion or some combination thereof.

A country , which is sometimes called a state in political science terminology, is an area of land that has its own government.

A nation-state is a homogeneous political entity mostly comprising a single nation. Nation-states are rare , because nearly every country is home to more than one national group. One example of a nation-state would be North Korea , where almost all residents are ethnic Koreans.

The United States is neither a nation nor a nation-state. Rather, it is a country of many different groups of people who have a variety of shared histories, cultures, languages and religions.

Some of those groups are formally recognized by the federal government, such as the Navajo Nation and the Cherokee Nation . Similarly, in Canada, the French-speaking Québécois are recognized as being a distinct “ nation within a united Canada .”

Nationalism is, per one dictionary definition, “ loyalty and devotion to a nation .” It is a person’s strong affinity for those who share the same history, culture, language or religion. Scholars understand nationalism as exclusive , boosting one identity group over – and at times in direct opposition to – others.

The Oath Keepers and Proud Boys – 10 of whom were convicted of seditious conspiracy for their role in the Jan. 6 attack on the U.S. Capitol – are both examples of white nationalist groups, which believe that immigrants and people of color are a threat to their ideals of civilization.

Trump has described the events that took place on Jan. 6, 2021, as having occurred “ Peacefully & Patrioticly ”. He has described those who have been imprisoned as “ great patriots ” and has said that he would pardon “ a large portion of them ” if elected in 2024.

There are many other nationalisms beyond white nationalism. The Nation of Islam , for instance, is an example of a Black nationalist group. The Anti-Defamation League and the Southern Poverty Law Center have both characterized it as a Black supremacist hate group for its anti-white prejudices.

In addition to white and Black racial nationalisms , there are also ethnic and lingustic nationalisms, which typically seek greater autonomy for – and the eventual independence of – certain national groups. Examples include the Bloc Québécois , the Scottish Nationalist Party and Plaid Cymru – the Party of Wales , which are nationalist political parties that respectively advocate for the Québécois of Québéc, the Scots of Scotland and the Welsh of Wales.

Devotion to a place

In contrast to nationalism’s loyalty for or devotion to one’s nation, patriotism is, per the same dictionary, “ love for or devotion to one’s country .” It comes from the word patriot , which itself can be traced back to the Greek word patrios , which means “of one’s father.”

In other words, patriotism has historically meant a love for and devotion to one’s fatherland , or country of origin.

Patriotism encompasses devotion to the country as a whole – including all the people who live within it. Nationalism refers to devotion to only one group of people over all others.

An example of patriotism would be Martin Luther King Jr.’s “ I Have a Dream ” speech, in which he recites the first verse of the patriotic song “ America (My Country ‘Tis of Thee) .” In his “ Letter from Birmingham Jail ,” King describes “nationalist groups” as being “ made up of people who have lost faith in America .”

George Orwell, the author of “ Animal Farm ” and “ Nineteen Eighty-Four ,” describes patriotism as “ devotion to a particular place and a particular way of life.”

He contrasted that with nationalism, which he describes as “the habit of identifying oneself with a single nation or other unit, placing it beyond good and evil and recognizing no other duty than that of advancing its interests.”

Nationalism vs. patriotism

Adolf Hitler’s rise in Germany was accomplished by perverting patriotism and embracing nationalism. According to Charles de Gaulle , who led Free France against Nazi Germany during World War II and later became president of France, “ Patriotism is when love of your own people comes first; nationalism, when hate for people other than your own comes first .”

The tragedy of the Holocaust was rooted in the nationalistic belief that certain groups of people were inferior. While Hitler is a particularly extreme example , in my own research as a human rights scholar , I have found that even in contemporary times, countries with nationalist leaders are more likely to have bad human rights records.

After World War II, President Harry Truman signed the Marshall Plan , which would provide postwar aid to Europe. The intent of the program was to help European countries “ break away from the self-defeating actions of narrow nationalism .”

For Truman, putting America first did not mean exiting the global stage and sowing division at home with nationalist actions and rhetoric . Rather, he viewed the “principal concern of the people of the United States” to be “the creation of conditions of enduring peace throughout the world.” For him, patriotically putting the interests of his country first meant fighting against nationalism.

This view is in line with that of French President Emmanuel Macron , who has stated that “ patriotism is the exact opposite of nationalism .”

“ Nationalism,” he says, “is a betrayal of patriotism .”

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Nationalism vs Patriotism – Differences and Similarities

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The key difference between nationalism and patriotism is that nationalism is the belief in an exclusionary and insular nation-state, while patriotism is the non-exclusionary love of your own nation.

Here is a breakdown of the differences:

• Nationalism is a belief that your nation sits that the top of a hierarchy of nations. You believe your nation’s interests are is inherently more important than those of any other country in the world.
• Patriotism , on the other hand, is simply the love of your country and culture. Patriots know that you can love your own nation without thinking it’s objectively better than anyone else’s.

While nationalism and patriotism both represent love of country, patriotism is seen as a positive form of self-expression whereas nationalism is seen as an exclusionary act and assertion of power.

Table of Differences: Nationalism vs Patriotism

What is Nationalism?

Nationalism is an ideological and political movement that promotes the idea of a particular nation as an inherently superior or infallible entity.

The concept of nationalism has also been used to promote the idea of a unified people or culture, and it has sometimes been used to promote xenophobic or imperialist attitudes.

There are at least 14 types of nationalism that sit along a spectrum.

On the softer end of the spectrum, versions of nationalism such as civic nationalism overlap significantly with patriotism. For example, civic and liberal nationalists believe in the rule of law , multiculturalism, and democracy (and see these values as central reasons why their country is ‘great’).

On the other end of the spectrum, ethnonationalism and expansionist nationalism can lead to ethnic cleansing and world wars.

What is Patriotism?

Patriotism is feeling proud of and loyal to one’s country. It can stem from having a soft spot for your culture and neighbors or appreciation of everything the country gave you as you were growing up.

Patriotism can manifest in many ways, including:

• Standing for election to represent your nation
• Supporting your country’s football team
• Playing in your country’s football team
• Celebrating national holidays
• Showing pride in your national identity
• Fighting for your country in the military
• Working to make your country a better place

While the above actions can also be the actions of nationalists, patriots do these things only because they love their country and want the best for it and not because they see their country as being in a contest with other countries to be the objectively “best” group of people in the world.

Nationalism vs Supranationalism

Supranationalism is a term related to nationalism, but it is actually anti- nationalistic. Supranationalism refers to the idea of multiple nations coming together to form a higher authority, such as a supranational organization or government. Nationalism, as we have seen, prioritizes the opposite: nationalism is against ceding sovereignty. While nationalists emphasize national culture, identity, and independence, spranationalists emphasize cooperation, interdependence, and a shared cross-border identity.

Patriotism and nationalism are two sides of the same coin. While both involve love of your country, patriots see their love of their country as a subjective feeling while nationalists think that their country is objectively the greatest nation on earth.

While patriotism is generally seen as a positive trait representing pride in your heritage, nationalism tends to be seen as more extreme. Nationalism has led to significant harm, discrimination, prejudice, and war.

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What Is Patriotism? Definition, Examples, Pros and Cons

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Simply stated, patriotism is the feeling of love for one’s country. Demonstrating patriotism—being “patriotic”—is one of the necessities of being the stereotypical “ good citizen .” However, patriotism, like many well-intentioned things, can be harmful when taken to an extreme .

Key Takeaways

• Patriotism is the feeling and expression of love for one’s home country, along with a feeling of unity with those who share those feelings
• Though it shares patriotism’s love of country, nationalism is the belief that one’s home county is superior to all others
• While considered a necessary attribute of good citizenship, when patriotism becomes politically mandatory, it can cross a line

Patriotism Definition

Along with love, patriotism is the feeling of pride, devotion, and attachment to a homeland, as well as a feeling of attachment to other patriotic citizens. The feelings of attachment may be further bound up in factors like race or ethnicity , culture, religious beliefs, or history.

Historic Perspective

Patriotism originated some 2,000 years before the rise of nationalism in the 19th century. Greek and especially Roman antiquity provide the roots for a philosophy of political patriotism that conceives of loyalty to the “patria,”—the power that the male head of a family exercised over his children—like loyalty to a political conception of the republic. It is associated with the love of law and common liberty, the search for the common good , and the duty to behave justly toward one’s country. The Roman meaning of patria is repeated in the context of the Italian city-states of the 15th century, such as Naples and Venice, as representing the common liberty of the city, which can only be safeguarded by the citizens’ civic spirit.

To Renaissance period Italian diplomat, author, philosopher, and historian Niccolò Machiavelli , the love of common liberty enabled citizens to see their private and particular interests as part of the common good and helped them to resist corruption and tyranny. While this love of the city is typically intermixed with pride in its military strength and cultural superiority, it is the political institutions and way of life of the city that form the distinctive focal point of this kind of patriotic attachment. To love the city is to be willing to sacrifice one’s own good—including one’s life—for the protection of common liberty.

While patriotism is evident throughout history, it was not always considered a civic virtue. In 18th-century Europe, for example, devotion to the state was considered a betrayal of devotion to the church.   

Other 18th-century scholars also found fault with what they considered excessive patriotism. In 1775, Samuel Johnson , whose 1774 essay The Patriot had criticized those who falsely claimed devotion to Britain, famously called patriotism “the last refuge of the scoundrel.”

Arguably, America’s first patriots were its Founding Fathers who had risked their very lives to create a nation that reflected their visions of freedom with equality. They summarized this vision in The Declaration of Independence :

“We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness.”

In that single sentence, the Founders dispelled the long-held belief of the ruling British Monarchy that an individual’s pursuit of personal happiness was nothing more than a disloyal act of self-indulgence. Instead, they acknowledged that the right of each citizen to pursue personal fulfillment was essential to the qualities, such as ambition and creativity, that would fuel the nation’s economy. As a result, the pursuit of happiness became and remains the force behind America’s entrepreneurial system of free-market capitalism .  

The Declaration of Independence further states, “That to secure these rights, Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed.” In this phrase, the Founding Fathers rejected the autocratic rule of monarchs and confirmed the revolutionary principle of “government of the people, by the people” as the basis of American democracy and the reason the Preamble to the U.S. Constitution begins with the words “We the People.”

Examples of Patriotism

There are countless ways of showing patriotism. Standing for the National Anthem and reciting the Pledge of Allegiance are obvious ones. Perhaps more importantly, many of the most beneficial acts of patriotism in the U.S. are those that both celebrate the country and make it stronger. A few of these include:

• Participating in the representative democracy by registering to vote and voting in elections .
• Volunteering for community service or running for elected government office.
• Serving on juries.
• Obeying all laws and paying taxes.
• Understanding the rights, freedoms, and responsibilities contained in the U.S. Constitution.

Patriotism vs. Nationalism

While the words patriotism and nationalism were once considered synonyms, they have taken on different connotations. While both are the feelings of love people feel for their country, the values upon which those feelings are based are very different.

Feelings of patriotism are based on the positive values the country embraces—like freedom, justice, and equality. The patriot believes that both the system of government and the people of their country are inherently good and work together for a better quality of life.

In contrast, feelings of nationalism are based on a belief that one’s country is superior to all others. It also carries a connotation of distrust or disapproval of other countries, leading to the assumption that other countries are rivals. While patriots do not automatically denigrate other countries, nationalists do, sometimes to the point of calling for their country’s global dominance. Nationalism, through its protectionist beliefs, is the polar opposite of globalism .

Historically, the effects of nationalism have been both positive and negative. While it has driven independence movements, like the Zionist movement that created modern Israel, it was also a key factor in the rise of the German Nazi Party , and the Holocaust . 

Patriotism versus nationalism arose as a political issue when U.S. President Donald Trump and French President Emmanuel Macron verbally sparred over the meaning of the terms.

At a rally on October 23, 2018, President Trump defended his populist “Make America Great Again” platform and protectionist policies of tariffs on foreign imports, officially declaring himself a “nationalist":

“A globalist is a person that wants the globe to do well, frankly, not caring about our country so much,” he said. “And you know what? We can't have that. You know, they have a word. It sort of became old-fashioned. It's called a nationalist. And I say, really, we’re not supposed to use that word. You know what I am? I’m a nationalist, OK? I’m a nationalist.”

President Macron, speaking at the 100th Armistice Day ceremony in Paris on November 11, 2018, offered a different meaning of nationalism. He defined nationalism as “putting our nation first, and not caring about the others.” By rejecting the interests of other countries, Macon asserted, “we erase what a nation holds dearest, what gives it life, what makes it great and what is essential, its moral values.”

Pros and Cons of Patriotism

Few countries survive and prosper without some degree of patriotic feelings among their people. A love of country and shared pride bring the people together, helping them endure challenges. Without shared patriotic beliefs, colonial Americans may not have chosen to travel the road to independence from England. More recently, patriotism brought the American people together to overcome the Great Depression and achieve victory in World War II .

The potential downside of patriotism is that if it becomes a mandatory political doctrine, it can be used to turn groups of people against each other and can even lead the country to reject its fundamental values.

A few examples from United States history include:

As early as 1798, extreme patriotism, spurred by fears a war with France, led Congress to enact the Alien and Sedition Acts allowing the jailing of certain U.S. immigrants without due process of law and restricting the First Amendment freedoms of speech and the press .

In 1919, early fears of Communism triggered the Palmer raids resulting in the arrest and immediate deportation without trial of more than 10,000 German- and Russian-American immigrants.

After the December 7, 1941, Japanese air raid on Pearl Harbor , the Franklin Roosevelt administration ordered some 127,000 American citizens of Japanese ancestry imprisoned in internment camps for the duration of World War II.

During the Red Scare of the early 1950s, the McCarthy era saw thousands of Americans accused without evidence by the government of being communists or communist sympathizers. After a series of so-called “investigations” conducted by Senator Joseph McCarthy, hundreds of those accused were ostracized and prosecuted for their political beliefs.

• Johnson, Samuel (1774). “ The Patriot .” SamuelJohnson.com
• “ Nationalism .” Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Plato.stanford.edu
• Boswell, James, Hibbert, “The Life of Samuel Johnson.” Penguin Classics, ISBN 0-14-043116-0
• Diamond, Jeremy. “ Trump embraces 'nationalist' title at Texas rally .” CNN (October 23, 2018)
• Liptak. Kevin. “ Macron rebukes nationalism as Trump observes Armistice Day. ” CNN (November 12, 2018)
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Patriotism vs. Nationalism: Understanding the Key Differences

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Posted on Last updated: March 9, 2024

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When it comes to expressing love and loyalty towards one’s country, the terms patriotism and nationalism are often used interchangeably. However, there is a significant difference between the two concepts. While both patriotism and nationalism involve a deep affection for one’s country, nationalism can take on an extreme form that can be harmful to other nations and people.

Patriotism vs. Nationalism

Table of Contents

What is Patriotism?

Defining patriotism.

Patriotism is the feeling of love, devotion, and sense of attachment to one’s country, often expressed by a willingness to sacrifice for it, and the celebration of the nation’s history, culture, and values.

Patriotism is characterized by a deep love and loyalty to one’s country. It involves a sense of pride in one’s national identity and a desire to defend one’s country from external threats. Patriotism is often associated with sacrifice and service to one’s country.

Some key characteristics of patriotism include:

• Love and devotion to one’s country
• Pride in national identity
• Desire to defend one’s country
• Willingness to sacrifice for the common good
• Service to one’s country

Historical Context

The concept of patriotism can be traced back to ancient civilizations such as Greece and Rome. In these societies, patriotism was seen as a virtue and a duty of citizens to defend their city-state. During the Middle Ages, loyalty to one’s lord or king was considered a form of patriotism.

The modern concept of patriotism emerged during the Age of Enlightenment, when the idea of the nation-state became popular. In the 18th and 19th centuries, patriotism became associated with the defense of national identity and the promotion of national unity.

What is Nationalism?

Defining nationalism.

Nationalism is a political ideology that emphasizes the interests and culture of a particular nation, often in contrast to those of other nations. It is a belief system that holds that a nation, defined by its language, culture, and history, is the most important unit of political identity and that the interests of the nation should be prioritized over those of other nations or international organizations.

Nationalism is characterized by several key features. These include:

• A belief in the importance of the nation as a political entity
• A focus on the interests of the nation, often to the exclusion of other nations or international organizations
• A sense of pride in the nation’s history, culture, and achievements
• A belief in the superiority of the nation’s values and way of life
• A desire for national self-determination, often expressed through demands for independence or autonomy
• A willingness to defend the nation’s interests, often through military means

Nationalism emerged as a political force in the late 18th and early 19th centuries in Europe, as a reaction to the rise of the modern nation-state and the decline of traditional empires. It was closely linked to the idea of self-determination, which held that each nation should have its own state and government. Nationalism played a key role in the unification of Italy and Germany in the 19th century and the breakup of multinational empires such as the Austro-Hungarian Empire and the Ottoman Empire after World War I.

Patriotism vs. Nationalism: Examples in Society

Examples of patriotism.

Patriotism can be seen in many different aspects of society. It is often expressed through symbols such as the national flag or anthem. Patriotism can also be seen in the actions of individuals who serve in the military or other public service roles.

Examples of patriotism in society include:

• Military service
• Public service
• Displaying the national flag or other symbols of national identity
• Supporting national sports teams
• Celebrating national holidays

In conclusion, patriotism is a complex and multifaceted concept that has evolved over time. It is characterized by a deep love and loyalty to one’s country and a desire to defend it from external threats. Patriotism can be seen in many different aspects of society, from military service to public displays of national identity.

Examples of Nationalism

Nationalism has played a significant role in many historical and contemporary events. Some examples of nationalism in action include:

• The rise of Nazi Germany and its emphasis on Aryan supremacy and the need for Lebensraum (living space)
• The breakup of Yugoslavia in the 1990s, as various ethnic groups sought to establish their own independent states
• The ongoing conflict between Israel and Palestine, which is rooted in competing national claims to the same territory
• The rise of populist nationalist movements in many countries, including the United States, Hungary, and Brazil, which have emphasized the interests of the nation over those of international organizations or global cooperation.

Patriotism vs. Nationalism : A Comparative Analysis

Differences in ideology.

Patriotism and nationalism are often used interchangeably, but they are not the same thing. Patriotism is a love for one’s country and a willingness to defend it against enemies. Nationalism, on the other hand, is an extreme form of patriotism that emphasizes the superiority of one’s country over all others.

Patriotism is based on the idea that a nation is made up of individuals who share common values, traditions, and beliefs. It is a unifying force that brings people together and promotes a sense of community. Nationalism, on the other hand, is based on the idea that a nation is defined by its ethnicity, language, or culture. This can lead to exclusionary policies that discriminate against minority groups.

Impact on Society

Patriotism and nationalism have different impacts on society. Patriotism promotes a sense of unity and belonging, which can lead to a stronger and more cohesive society. It encourages people to work together for the common good and to support each other in times of need.

Nationalism, on the other hand, can be divisive and lead to conflict. It can create an “us vs. them” mentality that pits one group against another. This can lead to discrimination, prejudice, and even violence against minority groups.

Role in Politics

Patriotism and nationalism also play different roles in politics. Patriotism is often used to rally support for a government or a cause. It can be a unifying force that brings people together behind a common goal.

Nationalism, on the other hand, can be used to justify aggressive or expansionist policies. It can lead to a sense of entitlement that justifies the use of force to achieve political goals. This can lead to conflicts with other countries and even wars.

Implications of Patriotism and Nationalism

Influence on international relations.

Patriotism and nationalism can have a significant impact on international relations. Countries that prioritize patriotism tend to focus on their own interests and may be less willing to engage in international cooperation. On the other hand, countries that prioritize nationalism may view their own country as superior to others, leading to conflicts with other nations.

For example, during World War II, Nazi Germany’s extreme nationalism led to the invasion of other countries and the genocide of millions of people. In contrast, the United States’ patriotism during the war led to a focus on protecting their own country and allies, while also working with other nations to defeat the Axis powers.

Effect on Domestic Policies

Patriotism and nationalism can also have an impact on domestic policies. A country that prioritizes patriotism may focus on improving the lives of its citizens and promoting national unity. However, this can sometimes lead to policies that exclude or discriminate against minority groups.

On the other hand, a country that prioritizes nationalism may prioritize the interests of the majority group over minority groups, potentially leading to discrimination and social unrest.

For example, in India, the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) promotes nationalism and Hindu supremacy, leading to policies that discriminate against Muslims and other minority groups. In contrast, countries like Canada and Australia prioritize patriotism, which has led to policies promoting multiculturalism and inclusivity.

Frequently Asked Questions

What are some examples of patriotism?

Patriotism can manifest in various ways, such as displaying the national flag, participating in national holidays and events, supporting national sports teams, and showing respect for national symbols and institutions. Patriotism also involves a sense of duty towards the country, including voting, paying taxes, and serving in the military or other public service.

What is the importance of patriotism?

Patriotism can help foster a sense of national unity and identity, which can be important for a country’s stability and prosperity. It can also inspire individuals to work towards the betterment of their country and fellow citizens. However, excessive patriotism can lead to xenophobia, discrimination, and a blind acceptance of government policies.

What is the importance of nationalism?

Nationalism is the belief that one’s country is superior to others and should have control over its own affairs. It can be a powerful force for mobilizing people towards a common goal, such as independence or national pride. However, extreme nationalism can lead to conflicts with other countries and groups, as well as a disregard for human rights and international cooperation.

What are the similarities between nationalism and patriotism?

Nationalism and patriotism both involve a love and loyalty towards one’s country, as well as a desire to promote its interests and values. They can both inspire people to work towards the betterment of their country and fellow citizens. However, nationalism is often associated with a more aggressive and exclusive form of national pride, while patriotism is seen as a more inclusive and tolerant form of national pride.

How does Orwell differentiate between nationalism and patriotism?

George Orwell famously wrote that “Nationalism is not to be confused with patriotism.” He argued that nationalism involves a desire for power and domination over others, while patriotism involves a love and loyalty towards one’s country without necessarily seeking to impose it on others. Orwell believed that nationalism was a dangerous force that could lead to war and oppression.

What is the difference between nationalism and patriotism?

The main difference between nationalism and patriotism is the extent of one’s loyalty and pride towards their country. Nationalism involves a belief in the superiority of one’s country and a desire to promote its interests above those of others, often at the expense of international cooperation and human rights. Patriotism involves a love and loyalty towards one’s country, but without necessarily believing it is superior to others or seeking to dominate them.

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"}},{"@type":"Question","name":"What is the importance of patriotism?","acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"

Patriotism can help foster a sense of national unity and identity, which can be important for a country's stability and prosperity. It can also inspire individuals to work towards the betterment of their country and fellow citizens. However, excessive patriotism can lead to xenophobia, discrimination, and a blind acceptance of government policies.

"}},{"@type":"Question","name":"What is the importance of nationalism?","acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"

Nationalism is the belief that one's country is superior to others and should have control over its own affairs. It can be a powerful force for mobilizing people towards a common goal, such as independence or national pride. However, extreme nationalism can lead to conflicts with other countries and groups, as well as a disregard for human rights and international cooperation.

"}},{"@type":"Question","name":"What are the similarities between nationalism and patriotism?","acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"

Nationalism and patriotism both involve a love and loyalty towards one's country, as well as a desire to promote its interests and values. They can both inspire people to work towards the betterment of their country and fellow citizens. However, nationalism is often associated with a more aggressive and exclusive form of national pride, while patriotism is seen as a more inclusive and tolerant form of national pride.

"}},{"@type":"Question","name":"How does Orwell differentiate between nationalism and patriotism?","acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"

George Orwell famously wrote that \"Nationalism is not to be confused with patriotism.\" He argued that nationalism involves a desire for power and domination over others, while patriotism involves a love and loyalty towards one's country without necessarily seeking to impose it on others. Orwell believed that nationalism was a dangerous force that could lead to war and oppression.

"}},{"@type":"Question","name":"What is the difference between nationalism and patriotism?","acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"

The main difference between nationalism and patriotism is the extent of one's loyalty and pride towards their country. Nationalism involves a belief in the superiority of one's country and a desire to promote its interests above those of others, often at the expense of international cooperation and human rights. Patriotism involves a love and loyalty towards one's country, but without necessarily believing it is superior to others or seeking to dominate them.

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The Difference Between 'Patriotism' and 'Nationalism'

One of the many difficulties inherent in creating a dictionary that accurately reflects the language of any large group of people is that these people may not all view certain words and values as equal. Nationalism and patriotism present us with an appropriately problematic pair with which to illustrate this. Are these words synonymous? Is one an insult, and the other not? Can either of them mean different things to different people?

How does the speaker or writer define them?

Let’s take a few minutes to go over the respective histories of these two words to see where and when they shared meaning and in what senses they have drifted apart.

Patriotism is the older of the two words, with published written evidence dating back to the middle of the 17th century. Patriotism came from adding the suffix of - ism to the existing word patriot , which itself came into English from the French patriote , and may be traced back further to the Greek word patrios (“of one’s father”).

There is hardly any judicious man but knoweth, that it was neither learning, piety, nor  patriotism that perswaded any of that Nation to Presbytery…. —C.N., Reasons Why the Supreme Authority of the Three Nations (for the time) is not in the Parliament , 1653 There hath been in London, and repairing to it, for these many yeers together, a knot of Scotish bankers, collybists, or coinecoursers, of traffickers in Merchandise to and againe, and of men of other professions, who…hug all unto themselves; that, for no respect of vertue, honor, kinred,  patriotism, or whatever else…whereof those quomodocunquizing clusterfists and rapacious varlets have given of late such cannibal-like proofs, by their inhumanity and obdurate carriage towards some (whose shoos-strings they are not worthy to unty) that were it not that a more able pen then mine, will assuredly not faile to jerk them on all sides…. —Thomas Urquhart, Ekskybalauron , 1652

(Quick side note: the Urquhart citation above serves two purposes, being both our earliest written evidence of the word patriotism and a fine excuse for drawing the reader’s attention to the beautifully splenetic turn of phrase “quomodocunquizing clusterfists.” These two words are archaic enough to only be defined in the Oxford English Dictionary, which informs us that the former is “that makes money in any possible way,” and the latter is “a ‘close-fisted’ or grasping fellow.” Should you ever find yourself in need of an insult that is not hackneyed and stale we wholeheartedly recommend quomodocunquizing clusterfist . End of side note.)

We do not have any evidence of nationalism occurring until just before the 19th century, almost a hundred and fifty years after patriotism . And in its early use, from the end of the 18th century onward for a number of decades, nationalism appears to have been largely interchangeable with patriotism , with both words primarily being used to refer to a general love of one’s country.

Nationalism must involve the consecrated devotion of a responsive citizenship, sound policies must have universal faith and unsound vagaries must have universal condemnation. — The Marion County News (Hamilton, AL), 1 Jan. 1820 Modern France, instead of diminishing, has, if possible, encreased this nationalism . Removed from his oppression and atrocities, they see nothing but the magnificence, the success and the splendor of Bonaparte, and I assure you that every poor, ignorant, stupid Creole, when he hears of an achievement of this their Demi God, evinces a lively interest, an exultation as if some choice unlooked for gift of heaven had blessed his family. — Poulson’s American Daily Advertiser (Philadelphia, PA), 11 Oct. 1811 If there be not Conservatism, and Nationalism, and Patriotism enough in the North to rise up and overwhelm with numbers the spirit that points to the the election of anybody but Fremont (or of Fremont) as the prelude to civil war, we had better seek to save as much fratricidal blood as possible in a peaceable line of immediate separation. — New York Daily News , 1 Jul. 1856

These two words may have shared a distinct sense in the 19th century, but they appear to have grown apart since. Or rather, it would be more accurate to say that only nationalism has grown apart, since the meaning of patriotism has remained largely unchanged. There are still obvious areas of overlap: we define patriotism as “love for or devotion to one’s country” and nationalism in part as “loyalty and devotion to a nation.” But the definition of nationalism also includes “exalting one nation above all others and placing primary emphasis on promotion of its culture and interests as opposed to those of other nations or supranational groups.” This exclusionary aspect is not shared by patriotism .

A somewhat subtler difference between the two words may be found in their modifiers and the ideas to which each is connected. When we examine large bodies of recent text we see that patriotism is more often used in a general sense, often in conjunction with such words as bravery , valor , duty , and devotion . Nationalism , however, tends to find itself modified by specific movements, most frequently of a political bent.

In one respect, the insanities of 1947 are reverberating now with growing Hindu nationalism in a professedly secular India. – Kashmir Monitor , 14 Aug. 2017 Today, more than two decades into a democratic South Africa, Afrikaner nationalism has been severely diminished and along with it the standing of Afrikaans in the public sector. — The New Age (Johannesburg, South Africa), 2 May 2017 Canadian Nationalism emerged 150 years ago, and has always been defended and protected not only by the spoken word but also, if required, by a dedicated military. —Rosie Sanchez, Prairie Post East (Swift Current, Sask.), 7 Jul 2017 Founded in 2014—two years after Burma experienced religiously motivated riots largely targeting the Muslim minority—and now with sub-chapters across the country, Ma Ba Tha has become virtually synonymous with Buddhist nationalism. — Asia News Monitor (Bangkok), 7 Jul. 2017 Over the last few years, however, a strong contender in the form of Tamil nationalism has emerged because Tamil Nadu got into river water disputes with all the neighbouring states and the neighbours did not seem to care much for Dravidian niceties although Telugus, Kannadigas and Malayalis are putatively Dravidian. — The Times of India (New Delhi), 4 Mar. 2017 His defeat by Plaid Cymru’s Gwynfor Evans at Carmarthen in 1966 stemmed not from any upsurge in Welsh nationalism, but rather a sudden deterioration in the fortunes of Harold Wilson’s government. — The Telegraph (London, UK), 5 Apr. 2017

So now that we’ve briefly looked over the history of patriotism and nationalism can we draw any firm conclusions about whether one or the other is pejorative? The answer is: it depends. It seems certain that, at least with nationalism , it may mean different things to different people. Of the six different kinds of X nationalism cited just above, it is likely that most people would find some politically questionable, and others not. Patriotism is rarely used in these contexts.

In U.S. usage nationalism is now perhaps most frequently associated with white nationalism , and has considerably negative connotations.

Some of us imagined that we dented the nationalism, hatred and racism that roiled the world in the first half of the 20th century. —Jeanette Friedman-Sieradski (letter to editor), The Times-Tribune (Scranton, PA), 12 Mar. 2017 And while coded appeals to racism or nationalism aren’t new—two words: Southern strategy—overt calls to temporarily bar Muslims from entry to the United States or questioning a federal judge’s impartiality based on his Mexican heritage are new. —Jim Rutenberg, The New York Times , 8 Aug. 2016

As a dictionary, we must weigh all matters of semantic and regional difference. Therefore we can offer no firm guidance as to whether or not nationalism qualifies as an insult across the board. We can, however, advocate for the revival of the tradition of insult with precision.

May we again recommend quomodocunquizing clusterfist ?

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Nationalism vs. Patriotism

What's the difference.

Nationalism and patriotism are often used interchangeably, but they have distinct differences. Nationalism is an intense loyalty and devotion to one's nation, often accompanied by a belief in its superiority over others. It emphasizes the promotion and protection of a nation's interests, culture, and identity. On the other hand, patriotism is a love and support for one's country, without the sense of superiority or aggression towards others. It focuses on the values and principles that a country stands for, such as freedom, justice, and equality. While both concepts involve a sense of pride and attachment to one's country, nationalism can sometimes lead to exclusionary and divisive attitudes, whereas patriotism tends to foster unity and inclusivity.

Further Detail

Introduction.

Nationalism and patriotism are two concepts often used interchangeably, but they have distinct attributes that set them apart. Both ideologies involve a deep love and loyalty towards one's country, but they differ in their focus, motivations, and implications. In this article, we will explore the characteristics of nationalism and patriotism, highlighting their similarities and differences.

Definition and Scope

Nationalism can be defined as an ideology that emphasizes the interests, culture, and identity of a nation-state. It often promotes the belief that the nation's interests should be prioritized above others, and can sometimes lead to exclusionary or aggressive behavior towards other nations. Patriotism, on the other hand, is a sentiment of love, devotion, and loyalty towards one's country. It is rooted in a sense of pride for the nation's achievements, values, and ideals, without necessarily advocating for superiority or aggression towards others.

Emotional Connection

Both nationalism and patriotism involve a strong emotional connection to one's country. Nationalism often evokes intense feelings of pride, unity, and belonging among its adherents. It can foster a sense of collective identity and solidarity, especially during times of crisis or conflict. Patriotism, similarly, generates a deep emotional bond with the nation, but it tends to be more inclusive and less prone to divisive tendencies. It encourages individuals to celebrate their country's achievements and values, fostering a positive and unifying sentiment.

Focus and Motivations

One key distinction between nationalism and patriotism lies in their focus and motivations. Nationalism places a strong emphasis on the nation-state as a political entity, often seeking to protect and promote its interests, sovereignty, and power. It can be driven by a desire for self-determination, independence, or the preservation of cultural heritage. Patriotism, on the other hand, is primarily concerned with the well-being and progress of the country's people. It aims to contribute positively to society, uphold democratic values, and work towards the common good.

Implications and Actions

The implications and actions associated with nationalism and patriotism can also differ significantly. Nationalism, when taken to extreme levels, can lead to ethnocentrism, xenophobia, and even aggressive behavior towards other nations. It may prioritize the interests of one's own nation at the expense of international cooperation and understanding. Patriotism, on the other hand, promotes a more inclusive and cooperative approach. It encourages citizens to actively participate in their country's development, contribute to social progress, and engage in peaceful dialogue with other nations.

Relationship with Diversity

Another important aspect to consider is how nationalism and patriotism relate to diversity within a country. Nationalism, at times, can be associated with a desire for homogeneity and the exclusion of minority groups. It may foster a sense of superiority based on ethnicity, religion, or language. In contrast, patriotism recognizes and celebrates the diversity within a nation. It values the contributions of all citizens, regardless of their background, and seeks to build a harmonious society that respects and appreciates different cultures, beliefs, and perspectives.

Role in History

Throughout history, both nationalism and patriotism have played significant roles in shaping nations and societies. Nationalism has been a driving force behind independence movements, revolutions, and the formation of new countries. It has helped mobilize people towards a common cause and establish a sense of national identity. Patriotism, on the other hand, has often been instrumental in times of war or crisis. It has united citizens, boosted morale, and inspired acts of bravery and sacrifice for the nation's well-being.

In conclusion, while nationalism and patriotism share similarities in terms of love and loyalty towards one's country, they differ in their focus, motivations, implications, and relationship with diversity. Nationalism tends to prioritize the interests of the nation-state and can sometimes lead to exclusionary or aggressive behavior. Patriotism, on the other hand, emphasizes the well-being of the country's people and promotes inclusivity, cooperation, and respect for diversity. Understanding these distinctions is crucial in fostering a healthy and constructive relationship with one's country and the global community.

Comparisons may contain inaccurate information about people, places, or facts. Please report any issues.

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Feeding Mind, Pursuing Truth

Orwell on the difference between patriotism and nationalism.

• December 14, 2016

A prominent intellectual at a recent private meeting was asked the difference between nationalism and patriotism. His response was similar to the explanation Justice Potter Stewart once offered on the difference between “obscene speech” (i.e. porn) and “protected speech”: “I know it when I see it.”

George Orwell, in his essay Notes on Nationalism , offered a much better answer.

Nationalism is not to be confused with patriotism. Both words are normally used in so vague a way that any definition is liable to be challenged, but one must draw a distinction between them, since two different and even opposing ideas are involved. By ‘patriotism’ I mean devotion to a particular place and a particular way of life, which one believes to be the best in the world but has no wish to force on other people. Patriotism is of its nature defensive, both militarily and culturally. Nationalism, on the other hand, is inseparable from the desire for power. The abiding purpose of every nationalist is to secure more power and more prestige, not for himself but for the nation or other unit in which he has chosen to sink his own individuality.

It’s a clear and simple distinction. Patriotism is primarily a feeling, Orwell implies, hence its defensive nature. Nationalism seeks something. It is desirous of power. Prestige.

Orwell notes that the World War II-era nations of Germany and Japan are the most obvious and notorious examples of nationalism. However, in the essay he complains more than once that the word “nationalism” fails to fully capture the meaning of the emotion he’s attempting to describe. (“I am only using the word ‘nationalism for lack of a better,” he writes.)

He explains shortly thereafter what he means.

A nationalist is one who thinks solely, or mainly, in terms of competitive prestige. He may be a positive or a negative nationalist — that is, he may use his mental energy either in boosting or in denigrating — but at any rate his thoughts always turn on victories, defeats, triumphs and humiliations. He sees history, especially contemporary history, as the endless rise and decline of great power units, and every event that happens seems to him a demonstration that his own side is on the upgrade and some hated rival is on the downgrade.

Nationhood, Orwell makes clear, has nothing to do with nation-states. At its heart is political fanaticism, or, more acutely, deep-seated tribalism.

The nationalist does not go on the principle of simply ganging up with the strongest side. On the contrary, having picked his side, he persuades himself that it is the strongest, and is able to stick to his belief even when the facts are overwhelmingly against him. Nationalism is power-hunger tempered by self-deception . Every nationalist is capable of the most flagrant dishonesty, but he is also — since he is conscious of serving something bigger than himself — unshakeably certain of being in the right.

Forgive me for saying so, but this last part seemed to hit rather close to home. By home, I mean modern America. (And I’m not talking about the spike in usage of the phrase “post-truth .”)

The idea that modern Americans “live in echo chambers” is a concept so worn one hesitates to use the phrase, lest they lose points for reciting a cliché. But that seems to be precisely the idea Orwell was getting at.  

He states that his definition of nationalism includes “such movements and tendencies as Communism, political Catholicism, Zionism, Antisemitism, Trotskyism and Pacifism.”

There’s little doubt Orwell, were he alive today, would add Transgenderism, Trumpism and many other isms to this list.

In fact, according to Orwell’s definition of the term, one could look at modern America and ask: Are we all nationalists now ?

My hunch is that most people would answer, without a sense of irony, “I’m not; but they are.”

Jon Miltimore is senior editor of Intellectual Takeout. Follow him on Facebook .

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Home » General » What is the Difference Between Nationalism and Patriotism

What is the Difference Between Nationalism and Patriotism

The main difference between nationalism and patriotism is that nationalism is based on the belief that one’s nation is superior to others, while patriotism is based on one’s love and devotion to country .

The two words nationalism and patriotism are sometimes considered synonyms since they both indicate feelings of love for one’s homeland. However, these words have different connotations; nationalism typically has a negative connotation while patriotism has a positive connotation. 

Key Areas Covered

1.  What is Nationalism       – Definition, Characteristics 2.  What is Patriotism      – Definition, Characteristics 3.  Difference Between Nationalism and Patriotism      – Comparison of Key Differences

What is Nationalism

Nationalism can be defined as “identification with one’s own nation and support for its interests, especially to the exclusion or detriment of the interests of other nations.” It’s also an ideology where people believe that their nation is better or superior to all other nations. The concept of nationalism is typically created around a shared culture , religion , language, or social values. It is also strengthened by concepts like shared symbols, mythology, music, literature, and sports. 

Nationalism also holds the belief that the nation should be congruent with the state. Nationalists prefer to be independent of other countries. They oppose globalism and don’t like to join global organizations or cooperate with other countries on joint efforts.

Since nationalists believe their nation and its religion, culture, and other aspects are superior, they stereotype other ethnic, cultural, or religious groups. Moreover, the prejudice that results from this helps to keep the nation unified.

What is Patriotism

Patriotism is the feeling of love, devotion, vigorous support, and a sense of attachment to one’s country or homeland, as well as the alliance or unity with others who share the same sentiment. One’s attachment to their homeland can be a combination of many different feelings, including cultural, ethnic, religious, historical, or political aspects. Moreover, patriotism unites people for the overall wellbeing and prosperity of the country.

Patriotism is a good quality in a citizen. There are many ways to show patriotism. For example, standing for the national anthem is a simple and obvious way to show patriotism. Some other examples include obeying all laws and paying taxes, serving on juries, volunteering for community service, participating in elections by voting, and understanding the rights, freedoms, and responsibilities as a citizen.

However, excessive patriotism can sometimes be a negative quality. If patriotism becomes a mandatory political doctrine, it may be used to turn factions of people against each other. This can even lead the country to reject its fundamental values.

Difference Between Nationalism and Patriotism

Nationalism is identification with one’s own nation and support for its interests, even to the exclusion or detriment of the interests of other nations. Patriotism, on the other hand, is the feeling of love, devotion, vigorous support, and a sense of attachment to one’s country or homeland, as well as the alliance or unity with others who share the same sentiment.

Nationalism is based on the belief that one’s nation is superior to others, while patriotism is based on one’s love and devotion to country.

Passive vs Aggressive

Furthermore, nationalism is more aggressive in nature, while patriotism is more passive in nature.

While nationalism gives importance to the heritage, culture, and language of a nation, patriotism gives importance to the values and beliefs of a nation.

Moreover, nationalism can unite people against a common enemy, typically a hostile foreign nation, while patriotism can unite people for the overall wellbeing and prosperity of the nation.

In general, nationalism and patriotism are sometimes considered synonyms since they both indicate feelings of love for one’s homeland. The main difference between nationalism and patriotism is that nationalism is based on the belief that one’s nation is superior to others, while patriotism is based on one’s love and devotion to country.

1. Longley, Robert. “What Is Patriotism? Definition, Examples, Pros and Cons.” ThoughtCo, Available here . 2. Amadeo, Kimberly. “Nationalism: Definition, Examples, and History.” The Balance, 26 Mar. 2021, Available here .

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Essay on Nationalism And Patriotism

Students are often asked to write an essay on Nationalism And Patriotism in their schools and colleges. And if you’re also looking for the same, we have created 100-word, 250-word, and 500-word essays on the topic.

Let’s take a look…

100 Words Essay on Nationalism And Patriotism

Understanding nationalism and patriotism.

Nationalism means loving your country and wanting it to be independent and strong. It’s like being part of a big family and working together for your home’s success. People who are nationalists often feel proud of their country’s history and culture.

The Good Side of Patriotism

Patriotism is the love for your country and being proud of where you come from. It’s like cheering for your school’s sports team but on a bigger scale. Patriots support their country and want to make it a better place for everyone.

When Nationalism Goes Too Far

Sometimes, nationalism can lead to thinking your country is better than others, which can cause arguments or even fights. It’s important to love your country but also to respect other countries and their people.

Patriotism Brings People Together

Patriotism can bring people together, like celebrating Independence Day with fireworks. It’s about sharing love for your country with friends and family, and helping each other in tough times.

250 Words Essay on Nationalism And Patriotism

Nationalism and patriotism are feelings of love and loyalty towards one’s country. People who are patriotic are proud of their country and often show this by celebrating important national days and supporting their country’s athletes. Nationalism is a stronger feeling that not only includes love for one’s country but also the belief that their nation is the best and sometimes more important than other countries.

The Good Side

Patriotism can bring people together. When citizens are patriotic, they work to make their country a better place. They follow laws, help others, and vote in elections. Nationalism can also do good by making people strive to improve their country and be the best it can be. This can lead to advances in science, culture, and sports.

The Challenges

Sometimes nationalism can lead to thinking one’s country is better than others in a way that causes conflict. It can make people treat those from other countries poorly, which is not fair or right. Patriotism can also be tricky if it means people ignore problems in their own country.

Balance is Key

It is important to find a balance. Loving one’s country is good, but it should not lead to looking down on others. We can be proud of where we come from and still respect and learn from different countries and cultures. This balance helps make the world a friendly and peaceful place.

500 Words Essay on Nationalism And Patriotism

Nationalism and patriotism are two words that often come up when people talk about their love for their country. At first glance, they seem like the same thing, but they have different meanings and ways of showing love for one’s homeland.

What is Patriotism?

Patriotism is the feeling of love and devotion to one’s country. It’s like the bond you have with your family. You care about them and will stand by them because they are important to you. Patriots show their love for their country by celebrating national holidays, respecting their country’s symbols like the flag, and being proud of their homeland’s achievements. They also respect other people’s love for their own countries.

What is Nationalism?

Differences between nationalism and patriotism.

The main difference is how they view other countries. Patriots can love their country without feeling the need to compare it to others or put it above them. Nationalists often feel their country is superior and should be the most important. This can sometimes lead to not getting along with other countries.

Why They Matter

Both patriotism and nationalism are important because they help unite people within a country. They give a sense of belonging and a reason to support one another. For example, during sports events like the Olympics, the feelings of patriotism bring people together to cheer for their athletes.

The Good and The Bad

Finding a balance.

It’s important to find a balance between loving your country and respecting others. Being proud of where you come from is great, but it’s also important to remember that people from other places are just as proud of their homelands. By respecting each other, we can all get along better and make the world a friendlier place.

Nationalism and patriotism are like two sides of the same coin. They both involve feelings for one’s country, but they express these feelings in different ways. Patriotism is about loving your country and being proud of it, while nationalism is about wanting your country to be the best and most powerful. Both can bring people together, but it’s key to love your country without forgetting to respect other countries and their people. This way, we can all share our pride and work towards a peaceful world.

That’s it! I hope the essay helped you.

Apart from these, you can look at all the essays by clicking here .

Happy studying!

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• Standard Encyclopedia of Philosophy - Patriotism

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patriotism , feeling of attachment and commitment to a country , nation, or political community . Patriotism (love of country) and nationalism (loyalty to one’s nation) are often taken to be synonymous, yet patriotism has its origins some 2,000 years prior to the rise of nationalism in the 19th century.

Greek and especially Roman antiquity provide the roots for a political patriotism that conceives of loyalty to the patria as loyalty to a political conception of the republic. It is associated with the love of law and common liberty, the search for the common good , and the duty to behave justly toward one’s country. This classical Roman meaning of patria reemerges in the context of the Italian city republics of the 15th century. Here, patria stands for the common liberty of the city, which can only be safeguarded by the citizens’ civic spirit. For Niccolò Machiavelli , the love of common liberty enabled citizens to see their private and particular interests as part of the common good and helped them to resist corruption and tyranny . While this love of the city is typically intermixed with pride in its military strength and cultural superiority, it is the political institutions and way of life of the city that form the distinctive focal point of this kind of patriotic attachment. To love the city is to be willing to sacrifice one’s own good—including one’s life—for the protection of common liberty.

In contrast to the classical republican conception of patriotism, Jean-Jacques Rousseau’s Considerations on the Government of Poland can be seen as an early example of the link between nationalism and patriotism. While Rousseau advocated the love of the nation and the celebration of national culture , he believed that national culture is valuable primarily because it helps foster loyalty to the political fatherland. Thus, Rousseau’s nationalism stemmed from and served his typically republican emphasis on securing citizens’ loyalty to their political institutions.

A more explicit link between nationalism and patriotism can be found in the work of German philosopher Johann Gottfried von Herder . In Herder’s view, patriotism refers not to a political virtue but to a spiritual attachment to the nation. In this context, fatherland becomes synonymous with the nation and its distinct language and culture, which give it unity and coherence . Thus, instead of linking patriotism to the preservation of political liberty, Herder associates love of one’s country with the preservation of a common culture and the spiritual unity of a people. While in the classical republican tradition, “fatherland” is synonymous with political institutions, for Herder, the nation is prepolitical and love of one’s national culture is a natural inclination that allows a people to express their distinctive character. On this account, patriotism is associated with the exclusive attachment to one’s own culture and thus stands in opposition to cosmopolitanism and cultural assimilation. Freedom is equated not with the fight against political oppression but with the preservation of a unique people and patriotic sacrifice with the desire to secure the long-term survival of the nation.

This association between patriotism and the exclusive attachment to one’s nation has led critics to view the sentiment of patriotic pride as morally dangerous, giving rise to a chauvinism that is incompatible with cosmopolitan aspirations and the recognition of the equal moral worth of all human beings. More sympathetic approaches to patriotism have sought to ground it in new forms of loyalty that are compatible with universal values, respect for human rights , and tolerance of ethnic and national differences. At the heart of this renewed interest in patriotism lies the belief that to be stable, democratic societies require a strong sense of allegiance on the part of their citizens. Not only does the high degree of pluralism that characterizes contemporary societies potentially give rise to tensions and disagreements among citizens that may destabilize the polity, modern democratic states committed to a degree of equality rely on the willingness of citizens to make sacrifices for the common good, be it in terms of the everyday redistribution of income to meet welfare needs or the provision of collective goods and services such as education or health care. Hence, in the eyes of advocates of new forms of patriotism, stable democratic societies require a strong sense of solidarity.

The most prominent example of this search for new forms of solidarity is German philosopher Jürgen Habermas ’s notion of Verfassungspatriotismus (constitutional patriotism), which seeks to ground the loyalty of citizens not in the idea of a prepolitical, homogeneous community but in a commitment to universal liberal principles as enshrined in the constitution of the modern liberal state. To ensure that citizens who subscribe to different cultural, ethnic, and religious forms of life can coexist in and identify with their own country on equal terms, Habermas argues that the modern constitutional state must ensure that its political culture does not favor or discriminate against any particular subculture. To achieve this, it is vital to differentiate the majority culture from a shared political culture grounded in respect for fundamental constitutional principles and basic law . On this account, membership of a nation of citizens no longer rests on an appeal to a shared language or a common ethical and cultural origin but merely reflects a shared political culture based on standard liberal constitutional principles. Habermas’s attempt to ground patriotism in an attachment to universal liberal principles is also associated with what is at times referred to as cosmopolitan patriotism, which seeks to construct a postnational identity based on the recognition of democratic values and human rights as conceptualized within a particular constitutional tradition.

Such cosmopolitan patriotism is said by advocates such as British-born American philosopher Kwame Anthony Appiah to give rise to a rooted cosmopolitanism that couples attachment to one’s homeland and cultural particularities with an appreciation of different places and different people and a robust respect for the equal moral worth of all human beings. Advocates of forms of constitutional patriotism often cite the United States as an example of a nonnational polity held together by an expressly political patriotism. American political theorist John Schaar, for instance, referred to American patriotism as “covenanted patriotism,” a form of patriotic attachment characterized by a commitment to the principles and goals set out in the founding covenant and the duty to carry on the work of the Founding Fathers . Another strand of contemporary thought appeals to the classical republican principles of love of liberty, active citizenship, and self-sacrifice for the common good in their attempt to formulate new forms of solidarity that do not depend on the idea of a prepolitical, ethnically homogeneous nation.

However, critics of such attempts to generate new, nonexclusionary forms of solidarity have expressed doubts about the extent to which patriotic sentiments can be reconciled with a commitment to universal principles. While critics of constitutional patriotism have questioned the feasibility of Habermas’s attempt to decouple the political culture from the wider majority culture, pointing to the extent to which the political culture of even as culturally diverse a society as America draws on national symbols and myths that are laden with prepolitical meanings, commentators such as British philosopher Margaret Canovan have argued that classical republican patriotism was much more illiberal and hostile to outsiders than modern proponents of the republican tradition suggest. According to Canovan, not only is the patriotic virtue celebrated in the classical republican tradition primarily a military virtue, the republican preoccupation with the education and socialization of citizens to systematically instill loyalty and commitment to the state is liable to be seen by many contemporary liberals as an unacceptable form of manipulation and indoctrination. Furthermore, advocates of both constitutional and modern republican patriotism typically presuppose the existence of established political boundaries and common political institutions that have their origins in the rise and consolidation of the nation-state. Thus, the extent to which patriotism can be reconciled with a commitment to universal values, respect for human rights, and tolerance of ethnic and national differences remains contested.

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Difference Between Nationalism and Patriotism

• Categorized under Ideology , Language , Politics | Difference Between Nationalism and Patriotism

Nationalism and patriotism both show the relationship of an individual towards his or her nation. The two are often confused and frequently believed to mean the same thing. However, there is a vast difference between nationalism and patriotism.

Nationalism means to give more importance to unity by way of a cultural background, including language and heritage. Patriotism pertains to the love for a nation, with more emphasis on values and beliefs.

When talking about nationalism and patriotism, one cannot avoid the famous quotation by George Orwell , who said that nationalism is ‘the worst enemy of peace’. According to him, nationalism is a feeling that one’s country is superior to another in all respects, while patriotism is merely a feeling of admiration for a way of life. These concepts show that patriotism is passive by nature and nationalism can be a little aggressive.

Patriotism is based on affection and nationalism is rooted in rivalry and resentment. One can say that nationalism is militant by nature and patriotism is based on peace.

Most nationalists assume that their country is better than any other, whereas patriots believe that their country is one of the best and can be improved in many ways. Patriots tend to believe in friendly relations with other countries while some nationalists don’t.

In patriotism, people all over the world are considered equal but nationalism implies that only the people belonging to one’s own country should be considered one’s equal.

A patriotic person tends to tolerate criticism and tries to learn something new from it, but a nationalist cannot tolerate any criticism and considers it an insult.

Nationalism makes one to think only of one’s country’s virtues and not its deficiencies. Nationalism can also make one contemptuous of the virtues of other nations. Patriotism, on the other hand, pertains to value responsibilities rather than just valuing loyalty towards one’s own country.

Nationalism makes one try to find justification for mistakes made in the past, while patriotism enables people to understand both the shortcomings and improvements made.

Patriot: Expresses the emotion of love towards his country in a passive way

Nationalist: Strives for independence and the interests and domination of a nation and expresses his love or concern for the country in an active political way.

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Cite APA 7 S, P. (2018, February 26). Difference Between Nationalism and Patriotism. Difference Between Similar Terms and Objects. http://www.differencebetween.net/language/difference-between-nationalism-and-patriotism/. MLA 8 S, Prabhat. "Difference Between Nationalism and Patriotism." Difference Between Similar Terms and Objects, 26 February, 2018, http://www.differencebetween.net/language/difference-between-nationalism-and-patriotism/.

95 Comments

Nationalism, aggressive?

Nationalism IS NOT Fascism. Do not get the two mixed up; if you do you end up with communist idiots like yourself writing sub-par pseudo-political articles such as this.

Here’s an ‘Difference between’ for you good sir, the difference between this and other articles is that this is laughably shite; shite of the utmost shitest quality.

Try harder, little red writer !

Craig McCulley,

My thoughts exactly. You are a Nationalist and a Patriot, as am I! I salute you and your country! Live long and prosper!

You are stuck in the 50s faggot.

Nationalism is a disease preventing mankind’s progression into the future. This coupled with religion spells our fate as a doomed species.

Your country is a land mass which you just happened to be born on. Your implemented barriers promote isolation and foster ignorance of other cultures and leads to friction.

Enjoy jerking it to your flag buddy, while your government robs you of whatever “freedom” you have left.

Hahahahaha poor baby.

Nationalism is the disease killing the world? Nationalism isn’t even a strong force in the modern world! Seriously, I think you’re the one thinking in cold war terms here bro. Nationalism ( Which isn’t Fascism, as I explained in my original post, but you seem to have difficulty understanding) has no real power in today’s globalist society and mist certainly isn’t preventing anyone advancing anywhere.

It’s people like you who hinder mankinds progression, ultra-liberal atheist fundamentalists ( Worse than Nazis in my opinion). You say I, as a nationalist am ignorant of other cultures, yet your own ideology promotes the destruction of national identities and cultures all over the world, you also actively discriminate people on their religious beliefs on a scale never taken upon by any religion ever seen in the past. Really, it is you, who is ignorant of culture and hinders the progression of man kind.

Finally, your argument of my country is just where I happened to be born, is hilarious! People don’t just appear in random nations across the world, that’s not how childbirth works LOL!! I didn’t appear anyway, I can trace my ancestry in Scotland back to 500sAD, around the time Celtic prehistory ended. Thus indicating the line could go even farther back in time. I didn’t just ‘happen’ to be born here, my genes, my lineage, has been here for thousands of years, it is my land, my heritage

Your argument is as retarded as the ideology you follow. If I were you, I would bite my tongue when conversing with followers of an higher ideology – and oh, if you’re trolling (which I hope you are, the thought of people like you actually voting sends shivers down my spine!) then please, don’t do it again, your not very good at it!

LOLOL other than McCarthy and the whole civil rights thing, what exactly do you find wrong with the 50’s?

LOLOLOL….Joe McCarthy was RIGHT about all the commies in government. Just look at what they have done to our great nation

Typical of the Christians, shifting the blame onto non-believers. Next thing you’ll know they’ll claim that the Muslims and Christians were all Atheists were all Atheists who wanted to make religion look bad.

Nationalism is what the “N” stands for in NAZI. The American National Socialist party defines itself as the American Nazi party and say they are “committed to bringing American National Socialism out of the past.”

Leslie, as you yourself demonstrate the “N” DOESN’T stand for “Nationalism”!

It stands for “NATIONAL”!!

As in “National SOCIALISM”!!!

There is NO “famous quotation by George Orwell, who said that nationalism is ‘the worst enemy of peace’.”

There is an essay by Orwell in which he discusses something for which there is NO word in English that he contrasts with Patriotism.

And therefore borrows the word “Nationalism” as shorthand for this concept within the essay (only).

Therefore, “According to him,” the ACTUAL word “nationalism is” NOT “a feeling that one’s country is superior to another in all respects”!

Furthermore, this concept he labels “Nationalism” for the purposes of the essay, he applies to things like religions, political movements, including Communism and Trotskyism, and even negative things such as hatred of a country, INCLUDING ONE’S OWN.

And he specifically disparages the way English intellectuals often are “Nationalists” in their love of the USSR and/or hatred of England, Britain and/or the United States.

If you actually bothered to read his Essay (without bias) you would have realised that it perfectly describes todays “Nationalists” (of his essay):

US “Democrats”, “liberals”, Greens, Environmentalists, UK Europhiles, Islamophiles…

Read his actual essay without blinkers, and see for yourself!

Oh, and if:

“In patriotism, people all over the world are considered equal”

How on earth can it be possible to claim: “Patriotism pertains to the love for a nation”?!

Sir, you just made my day. I knew there were wise people like you, and I hope that everyone would be like you and have the skill to right as beautifully as you do. Have a really good day sir(/ma’am) =)

Excuse me Mr. McCully. Why do you asume that someone bashing religion and nationalism has to be an atheist. I am a Christian, and I’ve read in the New Testament that the Gospel of Jesus is NOT pride for country, or love for money, or hate against others who think any different, but LOVE!!! If you are not a Christian, please ignore my comment altogether, for I respect whatever you believe, since Jesus NEVER condemned anyone, not even the romans who tortured and killed him. He even asked the Father to forgive them. But if you ARE a “Christian”, in the name of Jesus I rebuke you! For being the exact example of why so many souls are being twrown to hell, since for “Christian” examples like yours, they turn atheists or satanists. The Bible itself teacher that “thou shalt judge them by their fruit”. What fruit are you giving??? The one of hate, pride (Lucifer’s sin) and violence??? Jesus said that the foremost commandment was to love God with all you mind, heart and strength and your neighbor as yourself.

I agree Nationalism is not Fascism, but is it any better? The English Empire murdered thousands, yet, it wasn’t Fascism. Nevertheless, it is the doorway to it. Do you think the German soldiers who died in WWII had any different reasons for fighting than any other “nationalist”? They did so for “God, Freedom and Country”, as they were indoctrinated. Just like the poor American kids being sent to a war were they’re taught to kill a satanized enemy, causing millions of innocent deaths.

I’m sorry if I offend you, and I’m sorry if I’ve hurt your heart, but please learn to discern from the lies of Satan and the world. This is the TRUE gospel: Love. If you don’t love, please don’t call yourself a Christian. I’ll pray for you, and leave you with 1 Corinthians 13 New International Version (NIV)

13 If I speak in the tongues[a] of men or of angels, but do not have love, I am only a resounding gong or a clanging cymbal. 2 If I have the gift of prophecy and can fathom all mysteries and all knowledge, and if I have a faith that can move mountains, but do not have love, I am nothing. 3 If I give all I possess to the poor and give over my body to hardship that I may boast,[b] but do not have love, I gain nothing.

4 Love is patient, love is kind. It does not envy, it does not boast, it is not proud. 5 It does not dishonor others, it is not self-seeking, it is not easily angered, it keeps no record of wrongs. 6 Love does not delight in evil but rejoices with the truth. 7 It always protects, always trusts, always hopes, always perseveres.

Read more: Difference Between Nationalism and Patriotism | Difference Between | Nationalism vs Patriotism http://www.differencebetween.net/language/difference-between-nationalism-and-patriotism/#ixzz2JzinPe5n

I think you’ve misunderstood assas’s arguement about being born into a particular society or culture.. lol.

You have to be a troll. I refuse to believe people are this dumb. I especially found the part where you said you can trace your heritage to 500 AD, that’s good stuff.

This may shock you Scott. But just because you cannot trace your line back that far within your own country doesn’t mean I cannot either.

Ever heard of records? Good stuff.

He is not a troll, he is a big standard Nationalist. Judges the world on nationality (an accident of birth) and not on action or a desire for peace and unity. They project their fantasies onto a blank canvas (in the Scottish case, independence from a 300 year old union with the rest of their island.) and when mixed with Scotland’s humungous Irish population, you can see why 35.5% of registered voters (49.9% of who turned up to vote) got behind the populist SNP.

Scottish Nationalists have proven themselves to be among some of the most bitter and conspiratorial of Nationalists.

They are like a BNP or Front Nationale, but with left wing rhetoric and faux-progressivism.

I think it is really just an engrained hatred of the English from “true Scot” nationalists, and just anti-British bigotry & hatred from Scots Irish who are raised on a diet of one sided misrepresented Irish Republican propaganda.

Dont be fooled. Einstein was right.

The measles of mankind……..highly infectious and entirely destructive.

Scotland used to be known as the fun part of the UK, good with money, built the British empire, led the way in finance, medicine and technology as the newly formed UK allowed wealth to flood into Scotland (who were bankrupt at the time).

All Nationalist Scot’s have is clinging to misrepresented data about oil revenues over the last 30 years…..with no thought AT ALL to the English, N.Irish and Welsh who have supported and bailed them out at various times over the last 300 years!

Not to mention the ultimate fight against fascism. And I mean actual fascism, not the fascism that Scots Irish attribute to the most diverse and internationalist country on Earth, the UK.

There is a pettyness and insecurity (and a lack of ACTUAL historic knowledge on their part) from Scottish Nationalists.

Scotland was known as the “wee” conscious and brains behind the British Empire and the UK’s ascension to a world power, now, they look like a divided parochial “wee” mess of Irish Republicans, conspiracy theorists, radical socialists, conspiracy theorists, far-left radicals and bitter Nationalists.

Luckily, the numbers show they are a minority who only dominate their politics because 64% of Scottish voters either vote other parties or chose not to vote.

Sad. Watching a once global titan, failing to see 1) what they have and 2) trying to run away, scrap all their national defences, create a one party state and hand over more autonomy to the EU than the UK even has.

Maybe the majority will get through to the loud minority one day.

I think another referendum in the next 2 years will be needed to put it to bed once and for all.

Staggering that 55% of individual votes, a 10% double-digit gap and 28 out of 32 regions rejecting separation was STILL no enough to get through to Nationalists.

Alba Gu Brath and all that.

You sound like a blood, soil and thunder Nationalist. Slightly unhinged, emotionally hysterical and you actually fit the caricature listed in the article here, the article that you decry, lol. You are Scottish, so you should know the dangers of Nationalism. The majority of Scotland chose economic, defensive and societal security in their recent referendum. Scottish Nationalists characterize it as “cowardice” “brainwashed by bias media” etc etc. Rather than the fact that many Scots made it clear, in the post ref polling, that they voted No for security, economic protection and national security.

In fact, your Nationalist party took 49.9% of a 71% turnout (yet somehow got 90% of UK Govt Scottish WM seats!), so only 35.5% of registered voters even voted your all powerful Nationalist party, lol.

Check the numbers and see how failed an endeavour Scottish Nationalism REALLY is. Ignore your media and the propaganda conspiracy blogs that SNP supporters seem to quote at every turn –

Yes voters – 1.6 million No voters – 2.1 million

Yes vote by council – 4/32 No vote by council – 28/32

SNP vote share in 2015 – 49.9% 2015 GE Scottish turnout – 71% Registered Voters in Scotland – 4.1 million Total Scottish Voter share – 35.5%

Voted SNP – 1.4 million Voted opposition parties – 1.4 million Registered voters who chose not to vote for any party – 1.3 million.

So in short, in Scotland –

Scottish Nationalists – 1.4 million definite, rising to 1.6 million at referendum.

Non-Nationalists – 2.7 million definite, around 2.1 million rejecting independence at referendum.

Not all Yes voters were Nationalists and not all No voters were Unionists.

I know this will probably be met with anger, rage, emotion, misdirection and hysteria……but these are the simple, documented, factual numbers.

But then being a Nationalist…..you will probably wail a lot and yell “conspiracy” or one of the usual misdirections.

Have a great day.

This guy is the perfect example as to why the average person now realises that nationalists aren’t capable of reasoning. Surely you nationalists can do better than “ultra-liberal atheists are worse than nazis, also it is YOU that is ignorant!”.

And five years later we have trump, an anti intellectual nationalist (which is redundant). And you see the anger and fear he has brought out in people. Unfortunately, it is a force now.

I have a dream, that one day, We will no longer surrender this country or its people to the false song of globalism.

Globalism will never be even remotely viable in the presence of the ideological disease that is Islam.

While I am not a nationalist and am an atheist, I am a liberal and I’d like to say that leftists are the people that have always been against nationalism.

Me thinks thou doth protest too much…

You are the same as those who crowd into city streets and chant “end racism, end prejudice!!!” whenever any law that considers anything that may possibly affect immigration in such a way so as to reduce it; or whenever a law meant to wedge your nation’s borders open as wide as possible meats any scant opposition. You are simply a maggot; a clone of the many millions of brainless fools just like you.

I think your nation is not falling fast enough as you want- you should go and hasten its demise as your kind so desperately strive to do.

Why use the term “faggot”? It shows maybe you are stuck in the 50s with a homophobic attitude. You clearly have not read the article through properly but have chosen to launch an attack on the writer and attemted to insult with a homophobic term.

@assas Hahahahahaha, you call someone faggot and tell THEM to go back to the 1950s. That is beyond rich.

Oh, and there’s also your eye-rolling commenton religion. Pick that one up at a Reddit “Post your fedora” thread? Also your delusional comment on increasingly tyrannical government. Both indicate you’re an edgelord who loves that immensely unfunny hack George Carlin.

That, or you’re an Alt-Rightist from 4/8-chan. Either way, not a good look.

If you live in a country other than the U.S. your government or dictatorship has already taken yours.

Excuse me Sir. Why do you asume that someone bashing religion and nationalism has to be an atheist. I am a Christian, and I’ve read in the New Testament that the Gospel of Jesus is NOT pride for country, or love for money, or hate against others who think any different, but LOVE!!! If you are not a Christian, please ignore my comment altogether, for I respect whatever you believe, since Jesus NEVER condemned anyone, not even the romans who tortured and killed him. He even asked the Father to forgive them. But if you ARE a “Christian”, in the name of Jesus I rebuke you! For being the exact example of why so many souls are being twrown to hell, since for “Christian” examples like yours, they turn atheists or satanists. The Bible itself teacher that “thou shalt judge them by their fruit”. What fruit are you giving??? The one of hate, pride (Lucifer’s sin) and violence??? Jesus said that the foremost commandment was to love God with all you mind, heart and strength and your neighbor as yourself.

I agree Nationalism is not Fascism, but is it any better? The English Empire murdered thousands, yet, it wasn’t Fascism. Nevertheless, it is the doorway to it. Do you think the German soldiers who died in WWII had any different reasons for fighting than any other “nationalist”? They did so for “God, Freedom and Country”, as they were indoctrinated. Just like the poor American kids being sent to a war were they’re taught to kill a satanized enemy, causing millions of innocent deaths.

I’m sorry if I offend you, and I’m sorry if I’ve hurt your heart, but please learn to discern from the lies of Satan and the world. This is the TRUE gospel: Love. If you don’t love, please don’t call yourself a Christian. I’ll pray for you, and leave you with 1 Corinthians 13 New International Version (NIV)

If you want to be this kind of Christian then please continue to do what you do and please preach this to more Christians. This is totally cool with me. You’re not putting your beliefs on anyone else and who knows…maybe you’ll win some of us over. Kudos to you.

Thanks, I have an keep doing it. God bless you.

I agree and salute (not in the nationalist sense) your message. This is the right way to bring meaning to Jesus’ message.

That is confusing I understood a couple of sentences Is it bad to love someone that does not believe in religion God wants us to love but he wants us to worship him to?

Question #1:

“Is it bad to love someone that does not believe in religion”

I think you should ask yourself: “Is is bad to love someone who does not LOVE God”, and if it is so, the answer is yes. It is bad, because that person will bring you away from Him, or will eventually become a thorn on your back. The Bible states:

2 Corinthians 6:14 New Living Translation (NLT) The Temple of the Living God

14 Don’t team up with those who are unbelievers. How can righteousness be a partner with wickedness? How can light live with darkness?

You shouldn’t believe in religion to start with. The word “Christian” is already tainted, stained with the evils of religion. Think of yourself as a follower, an imitator of Jesus. If you read your Bible, and obey the New Testament, trying to keep yourself sin-free; and if you keep a personal relationship with the Father, keeping Him as #1, and ignore the world’s hate and criticism against you, then you are a Jesus follower, and NOT a religious person.

If you’re just a church goer who lets his/her religious leader (Priest or Pastor) do the thinking and Bible reading for you, and just follow what everyone else does, adopt a religious jargon, and keep appearances, but live a sinful life as soon as you leave the temple, but criticize and condemn anyone who thinks different than you, then you ARE a religious person, and another hypocrite, for atheists and satanists to blaspheme against our Father.

Question #2: “God wants us to love but he wants us to worship him to?”

Yes, he does. But worshipping Him is nothing more that loving Him as #1 in your life, nothing ritualistic about it.

Matthew 22:34-40 New Living Translation (NLT) The Most Important Commandment

34 But when the Pharisees heard that he had silenced the Sadducees with his reply, they met together to question him again. 35 One of them, an expert in religious law, tried to trap him with this question: 36 “Teacher, which is the most important commandment in the law of Moses?”

37 Jesus replied, “‘You must love the Lord your God with all your heart, all your soul, and all your mind.’[a] 38 This is the first and greatest commandment. 39 A second is equally important: ‘Love your neighbor as yourself.’[b] 40 The entire law and all the demands of the prophets are based on these two commandments.”

God bless you.

An “imitator of Jesus” would practice Judaism, worship the Torah and celebrate passover. The last supper was Jesus and his disciples getting together to celebrate passover.

To “Jesus OPPOSED Religion”:

Firstly, I want to congratulate you on your beautiful, beautiful understanding of faith and the world. Indeed, faith and religiousness are NOT the same. Faith is personal, and as such it should be respected but should also respect the personal beliefs of others, even if they are different. Religion is cult, it is group-minded. It requires that you abandon your thinking and, as you said, let the leader do the thinking and the Book-reading for you. And the leader, as faithful as he may be is human, has flaws and, as any human who gets too close to power, is prone to not acting on the best interests of those who lead.

I am an agnostic, but I respect and support personal faith completely. I do have some concerns with religion, and those are the same concerns I have in respect to nationalism: extreme partialness, group-mindedness, closed-mindedness, pride, lack of respect for people outside their nation, religion or group.

I urge everyone to take notice of one thing: these are the very same vices that those nationalists and religious people accuse communism* of having. The pot calls the kettle black. The world doesn’t have enough space for two different extremist doctrines, but so as to avoid acknowledging their hipocrisy, they rationalize this by accusing each other of the only thing they have in common.

There’s just one thing I didn’t understood in your descriptions of your faith: at one point, you say that it is indeed bad to love an unbeliever and even remarks that “righteousness [can’t] walk together with unrighteousness”. Afterwards, you quote the Bible (I don’t remember the exact words): “judge men by their fruit” and “love thy neighbor as you do yourself”. Pardon me if I’m misunderstanding, but isn’t that a contradiction? When you wrote that it’s bad to love the “unfaithful”, that came across to me as the very same kind of separation and judging that nationalists and religious people make. I know that there ARE idiot atheists hell-bent on harassing the faithful in the name of “rationalism”, but I feel offended when you suggest that EVERY unbeliever WILL “bring [a faithful person] away from the path of God”. As I said, I am completely supportive of personal faith and freedom of belief, and I would never get in the way of someone’s faith. And I assure you that most agnostics and atheistics, or at least those I know, are like me. Intolerance and pride aren’t charateristic of us.

—————————

*about “communism”:Extreme left leaders such as Stalin and Mao have been derogatorily called “nationalist socialists” by other leftists and non-authoritarian socialists who disagreed with the authoritary, proud and intolerant behavior of them. “Communism” refers to these such ideologies, but the problem is that it eventually became a derogatory catch-all term for any kind of socialism and even for anyone to the left of center, such as me.

I’d like to remind people here that authoritarism, close-mindedness and pride are NOT intrinsic characteristics of the Left, and most of us condone this kind of behavior/ideology too. Even most socialists (save for Stalinists and the like, obviously) recognize that trying to solve social inequalities by force won’t work and that this is ultimately why the URSS failed. So, please, don’t try to put every leftist in the “communism” box. This kind of namecalling throws away any chance of civilized debate and promotes hate and conflict.

I don’t think it’s bad to love someone who doesn’t love God. God told us to love one another. He doesn’t specify which others. He wants us to love people where they are. You don’t need to love their beliefs or practices, just love them as a fellow human being. This can be very difficult to do, as many, MANY people are hard to love,and we may not want to love them, but we must try, as it is what God commanded. God loves even those who do not love Him, so why shouldn’t we? To not do so would be to imply we are higher than Him and can judge others better than Him.

Just my opinion.

u people need to grow up

This article writer is confused a bit. They are correct about Nationalism; it is a belief that ones Nation and way of life is superior or exceptional in the world. Patriotism, however, is the love of one’s culture, history and customs, as well as a love of the principle of Sovereignty; the right of a people to make their own decisions for themselves.

Patriots of the American Revolution quietly (couldn’t jump in and support because they had just won a war with the support of the French Crown) supported the patriots of the French Revolution because they were fighting for political sovereignty and democracy.

Nationalism IS one of the pillars of Fascism by the way. Along with Conservative-traditional social values (different depending of the Nation) an elevation of the Soldier, superiority of ones culture and or race, and a corporate alliance or dominance of government.

Read a book, don’t just regurgitate talking points.

Yeah Hitler was a Nationalist socialism and he fucking lost World War 2 with his stupid nationalist ideology. Hitler even had a private army of Muslims fighting for him. Nationalism sucks and Hitler just proved it.

nationalism IS fascism… it is a fictitious imaginary boundary you make to justify your ‘love’ of the land and segregate yourself from others. ofcourse there are cultural and socioeconomic differences but to LOVE it? to be prideful of it!?…. is to make oneself superior.

What bullshit subjective morality or ethics is backing your tearful statement that to feel, think and be superior is wrong? Everyone loves Nietzsche so follow the logic, Übermensch.

Hitler was a nationalist…….. name a few more.

Well, you proved the writer’s point perfectly.

Lest we forget, hitler rose to power from the support he received by nationalists. Nationalism can lead to fascism.

Merriman-Webster Dictionary:

These two words may have shared a distinct sense in the 19th century, but they appear to have grown apart since. Or rather, it would be more accurate to say that only nationalism has grown apart, since the meaning of patriotism has remained largely unchanged. There are still obvious areas of overlap: we define patriotism as “love for or devotion to one’s country” and nationalism in part as “loyalty and devotion to a nation.” But the definition of nationalism also includes “exalting one nation above all others and placing primary emphasis on promotion of its culture and interests as opposed to those of other nations or supranational groups.” This exclusionary aspect is not shared by patriotism.

You “sir”, term used loosely here, are the idiot. Nationaism is destroying this country and your response is just vindicating what the author was saying. Grow up and wise moron.

Was not all convinced by the article. All I read was the difference between “nationalism” and “nationalism-lite”.

I like the way and the points you differentiated the two:nationalism and patriotism

I like the answer

the differences displayed between nationalism and patriotism was simple and easily understandable!!!! superb!!!

Yes, but completely false. I am an nationalist, but now way am I aggressive, nor do I think others are inferior. But yes, I would like Finland to be mostly for Finnish people, and I think Finnish heritage is way superior to somali, jews or gypsies.

If you feel your way of life is superior, than you think other’s way of life is inferior. There is no way around it. You are simply a Nationalist. But I do happen to agree that your country has many superior qualities to my own (usa).

This article misunderstands ‘nationalism’ and confuses it with ‘chauvinism.’

With “I think,” I mean to say that I use my brain before I speak. Not like most of the people who also commented here.

I’d say the majority here think the article is also incorrect. So you cannot have thought that hard before you commented.

You’re a tad obnoxious, aren’t you? 🙂

I thought it was well written but it’s obvious you view nationalists as the enemy and patriots as benevolent. I’m a nationalist, so many I’m biased but it’s more centred on the strength of a nation than it is about butting heads with other countries and those who don’t agree with us. I think the fact we target nations we perceive to be threats to the state is what gives us a bad name. For instance, I would be in favor of annulling debt to china and sealing trade, but only because they are flooding our economy.

Patriotism is live for your country for what it have done. Nationalism is love for your country no matter what it has done. Patriots defend their country loyally even if it wrong. A nationalist defends its country so he can be proved right.

I personally believe Patriotism is the ideology of the original patriots AKA the Congress-men. The ideology between the nation and the individual is best described not in the constitution, but in the declaration of independence.

The belief that government is only legitimate with the consent of the governed. It’s highest priority is upholding the liberties outlined in that document. In addition is the strong belief that when a government fails to uphold those liberties, it is no longer a legitimate nation of said patriots.

They are not Nationalists in any way really, the two are actually almost opposites. Patriots are Libertarians by nature, the nation ain’t worth a damn if it takes those liberties.

Nationalists believe in the supremacy of the nation, this necessitates liberties being sacrificed for the benefit of the nation. Liberties themselves only exist to secure the rights of individuals. This doesn’t mean they aren’t important to every Nationalist, but when the choice is exclusive, they place The Nation above Individual Liberties. They can really place anything anywhere, as long as the nation reigns as the top priority.

In addition as a few others have indicated the nation is defined by a group of people with shared heritage. This can be ethnocentric, racial, and/or cultural. It can be set in stone de jure, or even as loose as a “way of life”.

i am 31 years old

I think nationalism can be defined as supporting your country whether what it’s doing is right or wrong.

I agree with other commenters that this article misses the mark, and is really just describing chauvinism. Far too simplistic an interpretation. What of civic nationalism? What of nationalists behind separatist movements (Scotland, Quebec, Catalonia, etc)–movements born more out of a want for self-determination than a sense of inherent superiority? Similarly, nationalism under occupation or aggression, like French nationalism during WW2, Native American nationalism during European/US expansionism, or contemporaneous Tibetan nationalism.

This article is very illogical and shallow, as are many of the comments afterward. A reflection of public discourse in general in America right now? I think so. Very disappointing and sad.

To say that Patriotism is “passive” is an insult to every POW, every veteran, and every soldier who has a white cross for a headstone or is represented by the Tombs of the Unknown Soldiers anywhere in the world.

Some cultures ARE better than others. Any culture that makes it’s women wear burkas and takes them out of school seems to me to be inferior to ones where people of any race and gender can attend school and achieve on the basis of merit.

No culture or heritage is ALL bad or ALL good, but some definitely are tipped toward the good side, including the one I live in now, The Republic of Texas.

As far as Nationalism goes, it is good to have healthy boundaries, especially when facing other nations who want to kill you.

When a culture, including America’s, does engage in something immoral, it should be checked and stopped. But that doesn’t mean everything about it is always “bad”. People are too emotional and reactionary, and the discussion on this thread is a perfect example.

I think some people on this thread just enjoy imagining chaos and anarchy. I think these same people also enjoy the wishful thinking that our enemies are really our friends. Question: If you people who hate Nationalism do get everything you want politically, do you think the chaos will make you happy?

Fences make good neighbors. Read Mending Wall sometime.

j.B, I don’t think you can classify cultures as “good” or “bad”, or even as better or worse.

Cultures aren’t set in stone. They are like breathing, living things. They change. Like people, they can work to correct their flaws, and, like people, all they have to do to start autocorrecting is acknowledging their flaws.

You mention burkas. Yeah, I do agree with you that the Middle East currently has a bad streak of sexism, as well as authoritarism, extremism and such. But we must not overlook the fact that there’s a large number of Muslims who are opposed to thas as well, and frequently even more than we are. And a curiosity about burkas: many Muslim women actually choose to wear them out of their own free will. They are patriots and, since they consider the burka to be a symbol of their culture, wear it proudly. There has been an event where a government proposal against burkas in England (I think) was actually met with animosity from the Muslim women.

Marjane Satrapi immediately comes to mind. She’s an Iranian writer, and her autobiography provides insight into lots of aspects of Islam, but most importantly, it shows how the FUNDAMENTALISTS that are currently in power DO NOT exactly have lots of popular support. They maintain power through FORCE. They’re dictators. And it’s outright ABSURD to judge a culture by the things its dictators do.

And an important fact is that the fundamentalists weren’t always there. That is to say, Islamic countries weren’t always like that. Shit happened when RELIGION and POLITICS got mixed up. They were mixed up in Medieval Europe as well and, surprise, that time is caled the Dark Ages for a reason.

Sexism and authoritarism are NOT components of Islam. They come from the INTERPRETATION of Islam done by the fundamentalists, not from Islam itself.

And I have to remind you: our very own WESTERN CULTURE has corrected itself through the ages. A few examples follow.

Please remember that a thousand years ago the Church conducted the Incquisition and te Crusades. One was a hunt for the healers, women that had “too much knowledge”. The other was a series of unwarranted attacks on the East and there was even a “Children’s Crusade” where thousands of kids were sent to die. Both of these atrocities were commited in the name of Christ, but based on what little I know of the man, this seems like the kind of stuff he would condemn with all His might. Please remember that a few CENTURIES ago the daughters of nobility had no say at all on their lives and were sold into marriage for dowry and/or political alliances. Frequently, it was 15 year old girls being sold do adult men and they were seen as less human and more breeding machines, necessary ONLY for their capacity to produce male heirs. Please remember that a few DECADES ago the US was’t unlike the African Apartheid in its treatment of people of color, and women weren’t allowed to vote or work. Please remember the KKK and Hitler, who used Christianism to rationalize their actions.

Do all these things mean our culture is bad? OF COURSE NOT. Every culture has critical flaws, and these can ALWAYS be corrected. And it may seem to you like our culture is “way ahead” of the Middle East because these issues are things of the past now, but that’s only because they’re being oppressed by theocratic dictators.

Please don’t judge a culture by its flaws before knowing more about it. I know it may seem to us like all Muslims are like that, but it really isn’t so, not even close. The fundamentalists hurt their own people even more than they hurt us.

Also, I jut read Mending Wall. It seems to m that Frost is questioning the notion that “fences make good neighbors”, not just presenting it. He asks himself “why is that?” many times, and by the end it just seems like he goes “oh well, I can’t find an answer for it, but heck, it’s just the way it is, right?” It seems to me that he’s not quite stating that that is HIS chosen answer to the question, but just questioning how people just go with it and never even bother to stop and think WHY, just like his neighbor. You know, sometimes when poets write “I”, they’re not really talking about themselves. This is one of the many quirks that make poetry beautiful.

I WOULD LIKE SOMETHING MORE IMPORTANT WITH REGARD TO BOTH WORDS ,THAT IS THE RELATIOSHIP COMBINING THEM ,,,THE MORE INEQUILIBRIUM IN VALUES THE LESS PATRIOTISM &MORE NATIONALISM ,,THE WHOLE MATTER HAS SOMETHING TO DO WITH THE IDEOLOGIES ,,,A PERFECT ,SOUND IDEOLOGY THAT IS IN HARMONY WITH THE HUMAN NATURE MEANS RISE&FLOURISHMENT IN PATRITISM ,THE REVERSE LEADS TO THE EMERGENCE OF NATIONALISM ,,,,NATIONALISM IS NOT NEEDED ,,WHAT IS NEEDED FOR ANY NATION IS PATRITISM

I like this article, contrary to all y’all.

Right? It seems to me like most of the people that disagree here are really patriots who think they’re nationalists.

What is d difference between home and house?

yes, it’s a little simplistic. and it basically describes ethnic-nationalism, not other kinds, but it is a good summary of nationalism vs. patriotism. the only people who hate this article are nationalists (in fact many have said so right here) who are probably too far gone in their inferiority complexes and hatred to admit any truth in the article.

Trae gets it…All the Nationalists with Napoleon complexes and small d** are the ones who oppose this article. In other words all the Trump supporters. Nationalists to the end. Ignorant, (mostly white males) angry, gun toting, belly aching, uneducated blowhards just like the POTUS. They still want us to live like we did in the 1800’s where they can degrade their wives and all women for that matter with no recourse, have slaves, where white sheets over their ugly mugs, and chant USA, USA, USA all while feeling inferior on the inside. Blasphemous behavior if you ask the rest of us PATRIOTIC Americans.

Hannah , what if God is a ‘her’ not a ‘he’. I would probably trust someone more who does not think you should ‘love’ god and he/she loves us. Nationalism combined with religious dogma is rarely a happy mix nor does it make for a happy ending. If this ‘god’ does love us, he/she has a very funny way of showing it.

even though i love Orwell, i have to disagree with him on this because sometimes civil society maintains a facade of peace under an oppressive rule. it’s stagnation and not peace. nationalism isn’t about a sense of superiority…i’m not sure how developed countries live it out but in my developing country nationalism means striving towards a better society and overcoming despotism. creation goes hand in hand with destruction. setting up new tables and getting rid of old ones does entail violence but it’s a necessity.

You raise a good point. My parents worked in Ghana just after its independence. An optimistic mood of Ghanian natonalismm helped forge different tribes together the build one of Africas most successful nations. South African nationalism galvinised the country in a post aparthide indentity.

No need to disagree with Orwell.

Read the essay.

He borrows the word Nationalism for a concept for which no word exists.

He isn’t defining, or even redefining, nationalism.

But using it as shorthand for another concept he takes a long essay to explain.

Oh, and “his” “nationalism” today would apply to “Democrats”, “liberals”, Western “intellectuals” and academics, and the like!

“nationalism is a feeling that one’s country is superior to another in all respects”

And your contention is, what? You deny that the US is superior to a third world toilet? If so, what are your reasons? Amazingly we are taught the superiority of the pedigree of a dog or horse and many other aspects of nature but when it comes to man the Marxist ceases the scientific method of observation of what is greater and lesser and fly’s a banner of blind equality. If we did not acknowledge the pedigree of our species then would nature progress us to new evolutionary heights? Without pedigree, what sense is there in words such as “progress” or “evolution”? These words are preceded by concepts that are built upon the truth that something can be greater or lesser. So cut the crap, a nation of people can be greater or lesser than another.

“And your contention is, what?”

I obviously can’t speak for the authour here, but my contention is that it is an idiotically complacent attitude to have towards one’s country! For you to feel this “pride”, it require that people before you had to put in a tremendous amount of work to make the US the way it is today.

What if instead it was the US that was a third world shit hole? Are you still going to be full of pride, refusing to see the flaws and issues that need fixing?

Nationalism CAN be static and complacent. It CAN be a position of arrogance hindering people from improving themselves, unless self improvement is hard wired straight into the ethos of the nation, like in Japan for example(at least from the looks of it). Even then, I would say it’s not good enough.

What if you happen to migrate to another country? Are you suddenly going to act like a slime ball on account of no longer living in the country you were born to? Or are you going to be someone who will still look to care and be protective of the country you’ve migrated to? I would assume it’s the later.

Don’t mistake Nationalism for fascism. The only reason why nationalism is labelled as such is because fascists use the term nationalism to describe their hateful intentions. Though it is true that they are practicing nationalism, they are practicing it extremely and in an unhealthy manner. Going back, nationalism is more on loving and preserving your own culture. Take for example. a dying culture in a certain region because of modernization. This is not to imply that you hate modernization, but rather, you want to preserve their culture by letting other people know, even if they are modernized already.

Recently non-Scots who classed as ‘nationalists’ and even ‘Nazis’ the Scots who voted ‘Yes’ during Scotland’s failed latest attempt to gain independence will have chosen to ignore that Brexit shows that they are no different from said Scots. Give a man enough rope and he’ll hang himself. Let him talk for long enough and his tongue will replace the rope.

There were really only two sides to that referendum: Scottish nationalists/separatists vs British nationalists/loyalists.

Overall good Analysis -but dont agree with the Summary Part – Patriot can fight for independence as it happend in India – The Nationalist’s stayed away from the Independence movement while the Patriots like Gandhi fought for freedom –

“Indian nationalism refers to the many underlying forces that defined the principles of the Indian independence movement, and strongly continue to influence the politics of India” from the page “Indian nationalism” on Wiki. If you’re a nationalist towards India it’d be self-contradictory to support British occupation, that would make you a loyalist. A nationalist response is more along the lines of what Gandhi or Infantry Regiment 950 did.

who wrote this article defining a patriot as someone who expresses love toward his country in a passive way:

Tell that to Paul Revere and the millions of Americans who died for this country considering it the greatest country on Earth.

I’m a patriot and I love this country… that makes me a nationalist. I also happen to be white so that makes me a white nationalist… OMG!

Leftist commucrats and globalists (like the writer of this article) are trying to make nationalism a pejorative… a dirty word. They’re trying to subtly replace the term “white supremacy” with “white nationalism.”

Going on this article, I am a patriot and not a nationalist because I seek to better our nation by addressing and correcting its flaws and to progress to a more just and equal nation rather than blindly supporting it without questioning it.

Remind me to never get stuck in a foxhole with you, Mr. Question Man Commucrat. Nationalists don’t blindly support anything, but if you don’t have a country what DO you have, genius? What you should question instead of your country is why the hell you’re still living here if you don’t support your country. There’s no difference in being a patriot and a nationalist. Like I already said. The leftist lunatic globalists want to make it a dirty word to believe in nationalism. Get an education, pal.

This article is full of gross generalizations. I did however like the first definition provided for Patriotism and Nationalism. I’ll focus my comment on Nationalism for now, as it appears to be the most controversial. First, what defines a nation is contested. Thus, the same issue applies to a greater degree for nationalism. Nationalism can be Rightwing, Leftwing, centrist, traditionalist, and perhaps in many more forms. Let us take the Fascist Nationalism of Benito Mussolini as a case study. In this context Nationalism is defined by violence and imperialism. Let us take the Nationalism of India for a contrast. Indian nationalism of the 30s-40s aimed to liberate India. Nehru’s Indian nationalism was statist, Gandhi’s was rural/village centric, Savarkar was culture centered, Sardar Patel’s was tradition centered, and so on. In fact Nationalism is a normal part of discourse in India. There is moderate, extreme, and other forms of nationalism in India. Even many communists in India profess nationalism (some as deceit for votes and support while others, rarely, genuinely are nationalistic). Nelson Mandela was a Nationalist who opposed apartheid. Hitler was a Nazi nationalist who used it to promote racism and genocide. There was Bismark, who through realism, sought to establish a German state, which is an example of nationalism. It is a shame that many on this comment section have become militant in their support and opposition to this very broad and undefined category. Nationalism isn’t like Capitalism, Marxism, Islam, Christianity, etc. It is a word with fluid meaning. It is diverse and undefined. It grows shrinks and so on.

My po*p smells help, i think it may be because I’m a nationalist what should i do

yo i agree you bugging homie

Your definitions and distinctions were helpful, but I object to your calling patriotism passive. Patriotism – love of the fatherland – inspires actions that benefit the nation and its inhabitants.

Love is to patriotism as Pride is to nationalism.

Clarification

This is totally wrong. There is nothing in nationalism that implies the notion that once own nation/people would be superior to any other nation. I would say that that notion rather is linked to patriotism, as patriotism is artificial.

Nationalism is based on the notion that kinship gives affinity, a notion everyone know is true. Patriotism is based on the notion that a set of beliefs could replace kinship bonds, something that is practically impossible to do. Where nationalism and an nation state (e.g. the old Sweden) can lead to a harmonic society that don’t feel the need to overcome internal strifes by waging wars on other countries, a patriotic country often does not.

A patriotic country on the other hand can consist of several different peoples that tries to overcome their cultural differences and different background through a artificial set of beliefs that everyone is supposed to abide too. The US is a perfect example of a patriotic country that has waged war on country after country to cover up the fact that it is an artificial country with grave internal contradictions between people that are not related to each other, doesn’t share a cultural background etc.

This is very annoying, I hate all of you.

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Difference between Nationalism and Patriotism

Difference between Nationalism and Patriotism is explained here in detail. The difference between nationalism and patriotism is that the patriot is proud of his country for what it does, and the nationalist is proud of his country no matter what it does.The difference between Nationalism vs Patriotism given here can help the UPSC Civil Service exam aspirants to understand the basics better and know their comparisons thoroughly.

Aspirants would find this article very helpful while preparing for the IAS Exam .

Difference between Nationalism and Patriotism – UPSC Notes:- Download PDF Here

The differences between Nationalism and Patriotism are:

These are the main differences between Nationalism and Patriotism.The differences given in the above table can help the UPSC Civil Service Exam aspirants to answer any related questions easily in the exams.

After learning about the Nationalism and Patriotism difference, it is better to know the details of Political Science and International Relations syllabus, optional books and the strategies for UPSC Civil Service Exam. Visit the below-given links to learn about Causes of Indian National Movement, Moderate phase of Indian National Movement, Extremist Period of Indian National Movement in detail, along with other information. Also refer the links given below, for NCERT Notes on Modern Indian History, Medieval Indian History and Ancient Indian History. Also refer to the links of Sociology syllabus for UPSC Civil Service Exam and understand the differences between Political Science and Sociology.

• Political Science and International Relations Optional – Syllabus for UPSC Mains Exam
• Political Science and International Relations – Strategy, Book List etc
• NCERT Notes: Moderate Phase of Indian National Movement
• NCERT Notes: Causes of Indian National Movement
• NCERT Notes: Indian National Movement – Extremist Period
• NCERT Notes: Revolutionary Movement in Indian Freedom Struggle
• NCERT Notes – Modern Indian History
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• Difference between Sociology and Political Science
• Complete List of Difference between Articles – History, Polity, Economics, Geography and more

The above details would help candidates prepare for  UPSC 2024 .

Frequently Asked Questions on Difference between Nationalism and Patriotism

Q 1. what is the main difference between nationalism and patriotism, q 2. are patriotism and nationalism synonyms.

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What is the difference between nationalism and patriotism?

During his presidency, Donald Trump said, “We’re putting America first … we’re taking care of ourselves for a change,” and then declared, “ I’m a nationalist .” In another speech , he stated that under his watch, the U.S. had “ embrace[d] the doctrine of patriotism .”

Trump is now running for president again. When he announced his candidacy, he stated that he “ need[s] every patriot on board because this is not just a campaign, this is a quest to save our country.”

One week later he dined in Mar-a-Lago with Nick Fuentes , a self-described nationalist who’s been banned from Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, YouTube and other platforms for using racist and antisemitic language .

Afterward, Trump confirmed that meeting but did not denounce Fuentes, despite calls for him to do so .

The words nationalism and patriotism are sometimes used as synonyms, such as when Trump and his supporters describe his America First agenda. But many political scientists , including me , don’t typically see those two terms as equivalent – or even compatible.

There is a difference, and it’s important, not just to scholars but to regular citizens as well.

Devotion to a people

To understand what nationalism is, it’s useful to understand what a nation is – and isn’t.

A nation is a group of people who share a history, culture, language, religion or some combination thereof.

A country , which is sometimes called a state in political science terminology, is an area of land that has its own government.

A nation-state is a homogeneous political entity mostly comprising a single nation. Nation-states are rare , because nearly every country is home to more than one national group. One example of a nation-state would be North Korea , where almost all residents are ethnic Koreans.

The United States is neither a nation nor a nation-state. Rather, it is a country of many different groups of people who have a variety of shared histories, cultures, languages and religions.

Some of those groups are formally recognized by the federal government, such as the Navajo Nation and the Cherokee Nation . Similarly, in Canada, the French-speaking Québécois are recognized as being a distinct “ nation within a united Canada .”

Nationalism is, per one dictionary definition, “ loyalty and devotion to a nation .” It is a person’s strong affinity for those who share the same history, culture, language or religion. Scholars understand nationalism as exclusive , boosting one identity group over – and at times in direct opposition to – others.

The Oath Keepers and Proud Boys – 10 of whom were convicted of seditious conspiracy for their role in the Jan. 6 attack on the U.S. Capitol – are both examples of white nationalist groups, which believe that immigrants and people of color are a threat to their ideals of civilization.

Trump has described the events that took place on Jan. 6, 2021, as having occurred “ Peacefully & Patrioticly ”. He has described those who have been imprisoned as “ great patriots ” and has said that he would pardon “ a large portion of them ” if elected in 2024.

There are many other nationalisms beyond white nationalism. The Nation of Islam , for instance, is an example of a Black nationalist group. The Anti-Defamation League and the Southern Poverty Law Center have both characterized it as a Black supremacist hate group for its anti-white prejudices.

In addition to white and Black racial nationalisms , there are also ethnic and lingustic nationalisms, which typically seek greater autonomy for – and the eventual independence of – certain national groups. Examples include the Bloc Québécois , the Scottish Nationalist Party and Plaid Cymru – the Party of Wales , which are nationalist political parties that respectively advocate for the Québécois of Québéc, the Scots of Scotland and the Welsh of Wales.

Devotion to a place

In contrast to nationalism’s loyalty for or devotion to one’s nation, patriotism is, per the same dictionary, “ love for or devotion to one’s country .” It comes from the word patriot , which itself can be traced back to the Greek word patrios , which means “of one’s father.”

In other words, patriotism has historically meant a love for and devotion to one’s fatherland , or country of origin.

Patriotism encompasses devotion to the country as a whole – including all the people who live within it. Nationalism refers to devotion to only one group of people over all others.

An example of patriotism would be Martin Luther King Jr.’s “ I Have a Dream ” speech, in which he recites the first verse of the patriotic song “ America (My Country ‘Tis of Thee) .” In his “ Letter from Birmingham Jail ,” King describes “nationalist groups” as being “ made up of people who have lost faith in America .”

George Orwell, the author of “ Animal Farm ” and “ Nineteen Eighty-Four ,” describes patriotism as “ devotion to a particular place and a particular way of life.”

He contrasted that with nationalism, which he describes as “the habit of identifying oneself with a single nation or other unit, placing it beyond good and evil and recognizing no other duty than that of advancing its interests.”

Nationalism vs. patriotism

Adolf Hitler’s rise in Germany was accomplished by perverting patriotism and embracing nationalism. According to Charles de Gaulle , who led Free France against Nazi Germany during World War II and later became president of France, “ Patriotism is when love of your own people comes first; nationalism, when hate for people other than your own comes first .”

The tragedy of the Holocaust was rooted in the nationalistic belief that certain groups of people were inferior. While Hitler is a particularly extreme example , in my own research as a human rights scholar , I have found that even in contemporary times, countries with nationalist leaders are more likely to have bad human rights records.

After World War II, President Harry Truman signed the Marshall Plan , which would provide postwar aid to Europe. The intent of the program was to help European countries “ break away from the self-defeating actions of narrow nationalism .”

For Truman, putting America first did not mean exiting the global stage and sowing division at home with nationalist actions and rhetoric . Rather, he viewed the “principal concern of the people of the United States” to be “the creation of conditions of enduring peace throughout the world.” For him, patriotically putting the interests of his country first meant fighting against nationalism.

This view is in line with that of French President Emmanuel Macron , who has stated that “ patriotism is the exact opposite of nationalism .”

“ Nationalism,” he says, “is a betrayal of patriotism .”

This article is republished from The Conversation , a nonprofit, independent news organization bringing you facts and trustworthy analysis to help you make sense of our complex world. It was written by: Joshua Holzer , Westminster College

National parks – even Mount Rushmore – show that there’s more than one kind of patriotism

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What is the difference between nationalism and patriotism?

Joshua Holzer

June 29, 2023 5:45 am.

The U.S Capitol Building is prepared for the inaugural ceremonies for President-elect Joe Biden as American flags are placed in the ground on the National Mall on January 18, 2021 in Washington, DC. The approximately 191,500 U.S. flags will cover part of the National Mall and will represent the American people who are unable to travel to Washington, DC for the inauguration (Joe Raedle/Getty Images).

During his presidency, Donald Trump said, “We’re putting America first … we’re taking care of ourselves for a change,” and then declared, “ I’m a nationalist .” In another  speech , he stated that under his watch, the U.S. had “ embrace[d] the doctrine of patriotism .”

Trump is now running for president again. When he announced his candidacy, he  stated  that he “ need[s] every patriot on board  because this is not just a campaign, this is a quest to save our country.”

One week later he dined in Mar-a-Lago with  Nick Fuentes , a self-described  nationalist  who’s been banned from Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, YouTube and other platforms  for using racist and antisemitic language .

Afterward, Trump  confirmed that meeting  but did not denounce Fuentes, despite  calls for him to do so .

The words  nationalism  and  patriotism  are sometimes used as synonyms, such as when Trump and his supporters describe his  America First  agenda. But many  political scientists ,  including me , don’t typically see those two terms as equivalent – or even compatible.

There is a difference, and it’s important, not just to scholars but to regular citizens as well.

Devotion to a people

To understand what nationalism is, it’s useful to understand what a nation is – and isn’t.

A  nation  is a group of people who share a history, culture, language, religion or some combination thereof.

A  country , which is sometimes called a  state  in political science terminology, is an  area  of  land  that has its own government.

A  nation-state is a homogeneous political entity  mostly comprising a single nation. Nation-states  are rare , because nearly every country is home to more than one national group. One example of a nation-state would be  North Korea , where almost all residents are ethnic Koreans.

The United States is neither a nation nor a nation-state. Rather, it is a country of  many different groups of people  who have a variety of shared histories, cultures, languages and religions.

Some of those groups are  formally recognized  by the federal government, such as the  Navajo Nation  and the  Cherokee Nation . Similarly, in Canada, the French-speaking  Québécois   are recognized  as being a distinct “ nation within a united Canada .”

Nationalism is, per one dictionary definition, “ loyalty and devotion to a nation .” It is a person’s strong affinity for those who share the same history, culture, language or religion.  Scholars  understand  nationalism as exclusive , boosting one identity group over – and at times in direct opposition to – others.

The  Oath Keepers  and  Proud Boys  –  10 of whom  were convicted of seditious conspiracy for their role in  the Jan. 6 attack  on the U.S. Capitol – are both examples of  white nationalist  groups, which  believe  that immigrants and people of color are a threat to their ideals of civilization.

Trump has described the events that took place on Jan. 6, 2021, as having occurred “ Peacefully & Patrioticly ”. He has described those who have been imprisoned as “ great patriots ” and has said that he would  pardon  “ a large portion of them ” if elected in 2024.

There are many other nationalisms beyond white nationalism.  The Nation of Islam , for instance, is an example of a  Black nationalist  group. The  Anti-Defamation League  and the  Southern Poverty Law Center  have both characterized it as a Black supremacist hate group for its anti-white prejudices.

In addition to white and Black  racial nationalisms , there are also  ethnic  and  lingustic  nationalisms, which typically seek greater autonomy for – and the eventual independence of – certain national groups. Examples include the  Bloc Québécois , the  Scottish Nationalist Party  and  Plaid Cymru – the Party of Wales , which are nationalist political parties that respectively advocate for the Québécois of Québéc, the Scots of Scotland and the Welsh of Wales.

Devotion to a place

In contrast to nationalism’s loyalty for or devotion to one’s nation, patriotism is, per the same dictionary, “ love for or devotion to one’s country .” It comes from the word  patriot , which itself can be traced back to the Greek word  patrios , which means “of one’s father.”

In other words, patriotism has historically meant a love for and devotion to one’s  fatherland , or country of origin.

Patriotism encompasses devotion to the country as a whole – including all the people who live within it. Nationalism refers to devotion to only one group of people over all others.

An example of  patriotism  would be Martin Luther King Jr.‘s “ I Have a Dream ” speech, in which  he  recites  the first verse  of the patriotic song “ America (My Country ‘Tis of Thee) .” In his “ Letter from Birmingham Jail ,” King describes “nationalist groups” as being “ made up of people who have lost faith in America .”

George Orwell, the author of “ Animal Farm ” and “ Nineteen Eighty-Four ,” describes patriotism as “ devotion to a particular place  and a particular way of life.”

He contrasted that with nationalism, which he describes as “the habit of identifying oneself with a single nation or other unit, placing it beyond good and evil and recognizing no other duty than that of advancing its interests.”

Nationalism vs. patriotism

Adolf Hitler’s rise in Germany was accomplished by perverting patriotism and embracing nationalism. According to  Charles de Gaulle , who led  Free France  against Nazi Germany during World War II and later became president of France, “ Patriotism is when love of your own people comes first; nationalism, when hate for people other than your own comes first .”

The tragedy of the  Holocaust  was rooted in the nationalistic belief that certain groups of people were inferior. While Hitler is a  particularly extreme example , in my own research as a  human rights scholar ,  I have found  that even in contemporary times, countries with nationalist leaders are more likely to have bad human rights records.

After World War II, President Harry Truman signed the  Marshall Plan , which would provide postwar aid to Europe. The intent of the program was to help European countries “ break away from the self-defeating actions of narrow nationalism .”

For Truman, putting  America first  did not mean  exiting the global stage  and sowing division at home with nationalist actions and  rhetoric . Rather, he viewed the “principal concern of the people of the United States” to be “the creation of conditions of enduring peace throughout the world.” For him, patriotically  putting the interests of his country first  meant fighting against nationalism.

This view is in line with that of French President  Emmanuel Macron , who has stated that “ patriotism is the exact opposite of nationalism .”

“ Nationalism,” he says, “is a betrayal of patriotism .”

This commentary originally appeared in The Conversation . 

Our stories may be republished online or in print under Creative Commons license CC BY-NC-ND 4.0. We ask that you edit only for style or to shorten, provide proper attribution and link to our website. AP and Getty images may not be republished. Please see our republishing guidelines for use of any other photos and graphics.

Joshua Holzer is an assistant professor of political science at Westminster College in Fulton, Missouri. He is a five-year veteran of the U.S. Army.

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Nationalism vs patriotism: Do you know the difference?

Nationalism and patriotism are two sides of the same coin but there is a thin line demarcating both the ideologies. find out here if you are a nationalist or a patriot. .

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Indians are divided on a lot of issues and it's natural considering the fact that even within a group of four friends there could be four different opinions and India has a population of over 127 crore people.

Expecting every citizen of India to be united at all times, agreeing to a rational stand, would be idealistic and impractical. More so because a rational stance on issues cannot be expected from all in the first place. But if there is one emotion that resonates from majority of people living in any country would be the love for their nation. Whether the concept of a 'nation' is rational or not is another debate altogether, though.

It is not an unknown fact that an average Indian's love for his nation is at its peak at two instances, one when Indian is playing a cricket match against Pakistan, and the other when there is a war or an attack on its army. Other than in these two cases, an average Indian hardly thinks about his nation, for he is busy earning a living and trying to win the race he is, fortunately or unfortunately, a part of.

With the advent of social media into the lives of people and the immense popularity it has received owing to the fact that now every citizen feels that his voice, his opinion is being heard by at least a few people (or millions) on social media platforms, politicians and the media have also realised that social media is the place to incept ideas into the minds of Indians.

The latest trend in India, post the 2014 General Elections to be precise, is to proclaim the love for India on social media platforms and harassing, both verbally and sometimes physically, all those who seem to have a different opinion when it comes to certain issues the former group assumes is against the national interest.

This group, who in the name of being "patriotic", are not open to any debate or discussion for the betterment of the country, and cannot stand political dissent, confuses patriotism with nationalism. So here is a guide to help you distinguish between a patriot and a nationalist. Once you understand the difference, you can ask yourself, and others, whether they are patriots or nationalists and discuss whether nationalism is good for any country.

NATIONALISM

Nationalism is an ideology based on the premise that an individual's loyalty and devotion to one's country should come above the interests and opinions of other citizens or the interests of a certain group of citizens.

The pride of nationalism, however, trumpets its country's virtues and denies its deficiencies. Nationalism is contemptuous toward the virtues of other countries. It wants to be and proclaims itself to be "the greatest". Question to be asked here is - should such self-proclaimed greatness be above rational thinking and goodness?

Patriotism is an attachment to a homeland. The love and adoration for the place where an individual is born, brought up, and the nation that place belongs to. These attachments can be related to ethnic, cultural, political or historical. Patriotism is also being proud of a country's virtues but with an eagerness and readiness to correct its deficiencies to be better. Patriotisn acknowledges the patriotism of citizens of other countries and respects their virtues.

It encompasses a set of concepts closely related to those of nationalism.

WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE, THEN?

An excess of patriotism in the defense of a nation is called chauvinism or jingoism.

The difference between patriotism and nationalism is simple - a patriot loves his country and is proud of it for what it does whereas a nationalist loves his country and is proud of his country NO MATTER WHAT IT DOES.

Quite clearly, patriotism nurtures a feeling of 'responsibility' in the citizens while nationalism breeds 'blind arrogance' or ignorace and often, that leads to a war.

HERE ARE SOME STATEMENTS THAT COULD HELP YOU DISTINGUISH PATRIOTISM FROM NATIONALISM:

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Populism and Nationalism: An Overview of Similarities and Differences

• Published: 15 June 2021
• Volume 56 , pages 131–147, ( 2021 )

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• Ashutosh Varshney 1  

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Both populism and nationalism are rooted in the idea of popular sovereignty. They look alike when populism gravitates towards the right, identifying “the people” with an ethnic or racial majority, and when nationalism turns against the minorities. But populism can also go towards the left, embracing the low-income citizenry as the nation’s “true people,” just as nationalism can include ethnic and racial diversity under its umbrella. Some other key differences are also noteworthy. Populism is inevitably defined as an anti-elitist doctrine, whereas nationalism is often led by the elites. Moreover, embedded as it normally is in state institutions, laws, school textbooks, museums and maps, nationalism can be a state ideology, taking routinized forms. In contrast, populist politics thrives on a virtually relentless mobilization of popular energy. Nationalism acquires this fervent form mainly under two conditions: when it is secessionary, trying to break states up, or when it becomes majoritarian, attacking internal minorities. Otherwise, nationalism can easily exist in a quieter register.

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Patriotism, Nationalism, and Populism: The New Playground

Populism Beyond the Nation

Ding, Slater, and Zengin (this issue).

Bonikowski, Bart. 2017 .

If the poor come entirely, or preponderantly, from one ethnic or racial community, then ethnicity/race and class can coincide, and such lower-class populism can also take an ethnic/racial form. Such systems are called vertical ethnic orders by Horowitz ( 1985 ). Bolivia under Evo Morales is an example.

Most of these articles were initially presented as papers at the annual meetings of the American Political Science Association (August 2019) and the Social Science History Association (November 2019).

Brubaker 2017 and 2020 ; de la Torre 2017 ; Moffitt 2016 .

There is also an argument that populism should be viewed in strategic terms, not in ideational terms at all. See Weyland 2017 .

Brubaker 2020 ; Levitsky and Loxton  2013 ; Mudde 2004 ; Laclau 2005 ; Mastropaolo 2008 ; Ostiguy 2017 .

Another objection to populism’s alleged anti-elitism takes a different form. According to some scholars, if the business elites support populist regimes, as they often do, then they can be called anti-political establishment, but not anti-elite. This objection depends on how the term “elite” is defined. See Evans ( 2020 ) and Heller ( 2020 ).

Jenne et al. (this issue).

Ding et al. (this issue).

In a similar vein, De Cleen ( 2017 ) says that populism has a “down/up” structure where people are presented as underdogs and elites at the top as illegitimately privileged, whereas nationalism has an “in/out” structure, castigating non-nationals or non-citizens as adversaries, not the elites.

It can certainly be argued that when it was first born as an ideology, nationalism was anti-elite in that it was against empires and imperial rulers were the elite then. See Anderson ( 1983 ).

de laTorre 2017 , 7.

Hawkins 2009 , 1044.

See Jenne et al. (this issue).

Betz 1994 .

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Singh, this issue.

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Singh (this issue), citing Plotkin 2010 and de la Torre 2017 .

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Rousseau, 1968 , 23.

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See, however, Tang 2016 . Also noteworthy is Bell ( 2016 ), who calls China a meritocracy, not a democracy, participatory, or Schumpeterian. Perry ( 2015 ) does use the term “populist dream,” but she appears to equate local participation with populism.

Ibid , 16, emphasis added.

For the various ways in which national identities have been historically defined, see Varshney 2002 , Ch.3.

See, however, Kedourie ( 1960 ) and Connor ( 1994 ).

Mao Zedong might have disagreed with this claim, at least partly. The mobilization-heavy cultural revolution lasted 10 years (1967–76), following not so long after the Great Leap Forward (1958–61). See Gurley 1970 .

Singh (this issue) explains this at length.

For an application of this idea to India, see Varshney ( 2013 ); for America, in different ways, see Huntington ( 1981 ) and Morone ( 1990 ).

Mounk, 2018 , 44–45. Also see Pappas ( 2019 )

Also, see Jenne et al. and Singh (this issue).

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Those who do not subscribe to the liberal conception of democracy would not find this kind of erosion necessarily undemocratic. See Laclau ( 2005 ).

For how this was calculated, see Sachs and Warner ( 1995 : 22).

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Acknowledgements

I am grateful for the comments and suggestions made on earlier drafts of this essay by Peter Evans, Ricarda Hammer, Patrick Heller, Barbara Stallings, and the two reviewers for this journal. A grant from the Azim Premji Foundation facilitated the writing of this essay. The standard disclaimers apply.

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Varshney, A. Populism and Nationalism: An Overview of Similarities and Differences. St Comp Int Dev 56 , 131–147 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12116-021-09332-x

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