thesis on youth

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The Impact of Social Media on Youth

• Masters Thesis
• Luna, Raquel
• Laija-rodriguez, Wilda
• Geisser, Michael
• Restori, Alberto
• Educational Psychology and Counseling
• California State University, Northridge
• Counseling, School Psychology
• Social Media and Youth
• Dissertations, Academic -- CSUN -- Education -- Educational Psychology and Counseling -- School Psychology.
• Impact of Social Media
• Youth and Social Media
• 2021-06-11T16:46:31Z
• http://hdl.handle.net/10211.3/219969
• by Raquel Luna

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The role of youth in transforming conflict

by Prashan De Visser This thesis examines the role of youth in transforming conflicts through a multilayered study of grassroots youth movements adopting conflict transformational approaches in conflict zones across the world. Thus, it highlights certain attributes unique to youth that enhance their capacity and legitimacy in transforming conflict. The highlighted attributes include a lesser impact by entrenched hate, an inherent potential for long-term engagement, and a desire for purpose and a cause to make a difference. These characteristics of youth will be evaluated in relation to transforming conflict through an exploration of grassroots youth movements worldwide. These movements have generated increased legitimacy through positively impacting their communities by using these unique characteristics of youth, which enable strategic and crucial engagement in transforming conflict. The research strategy used in this thesis consists of an analysis of scholarly work exploring the r...

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Celina Del Felice

Around the world many young people are victims of cultural, direct, and structural violence and become carriers of that violence or perpetration. There is a strong tendency among politicians and researchers to see youth as a problem to be solved. However, many youth are peaceful and peace-builders. Equally affected by various forms of violence, they decide to act constructively towards building a culture of peace. Youth are underestimated as positive agents of change and key actors in peace-building, both by policy-makers and academics. This paper explores the role of youth as peace-builders, illustrating their unique power and potential to affect social change through a number of examples.

What is it? This document lists 53 selected resources (book chapters, reports, academic journal articles and MA and PhD theses) published between 2000 and 2016 on the link between youth, youth organizations and peacebuilding​. It is mostly focused on studies that describe, analyse and/or demonstrate the ​positive and constructive roles of youth as peacebuilders​. The texts come from a variety of disciplines, using diverse methodologies and with different levels of depth and quality analysis.

Student Partnerships Worldwide (SPW)

Thomas Waldman

As Student Partnerships Worldwide (SPW) expands its operations into regions recovering from violent conflict – such as Uganda, Sierra Leone, and Nepal – it is imperative that staff and volunteers have a general understanding of current thinking and research on conflict resolution, peacebuilding, and theories of change, particularly as these issues relate to youth and conflict. This document is intended purely as an introductory overview and seeks to situate SPW’s work within the wider realm of conflict resolution so that SPW staff can understand better how their work fits into the bigger picture of peacebuilding, both practically on the ground and at a theoretical level. This document should not be considered a comprehensive guide to conflict resolution. Rather, it points towards some of the major issues engaging scholars and practitioners in the field and aims to help SPW staff new to the subject get to grips with the (often confusing) terminology used in contemporary conflict resolution. It also outlines some of the approaches other major international intergovernmental organisations, agencies, and NGOs have adopted with respect to peacebuilding, both at policy and programmatic levels.

Christopher Chandran

In today’s world there are about 740,000 people who die and are affected as a result of armed violence each year. Armed violence erodes governance and peace whilst slowing down achievement of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). Armed violence can have a significant effect on security and development just as it has in societies that are affected by war or civil war. Youth involvement in conflict and violence is a global problem, yet research and interventions tend to be isolated to specific manifestations like participation of children in war, inter-group tensions in the aftermath of war, street living, inter-group fighting and inter-personal aggression or exclusion. Previous analyses have focused on specific manifestations of conflict, in part because conflicts are grounded in different geopolitical and economic situations that are interesting to researchers in different academic disciplines. In this article, the engagement of or the participation of youth in violent armed conf...

Promoting Global Peace and Civic Engagement through Education

Swati Chakraborty

Marc Sommers

Today’s human population is history’s youngest. About half the world’s people are under age twenty-five. A billion and a half of them are youth, and 86% of youth live in the developing world. While this situation has created an unprecedented set of challenges for those addressing development issues, the situation is still more pressing in war-torn nations, since virtually all wars in the world today take place in unusually ‘young’ nations and enormous youth cohorts directly challenge efforts to rebuild governments, societies and peace in those nations. ‘Youth & Conflict’ will consider some of the dimensions of the youth challenge in conflict-affected contexts, probe the views and experiences of youth who have endured wars, and explore possible responses to these challenges. Among the topics that will be addressed are: how, why and whether war-affected youth can become adults; gendered experiences, priorities and possible solutions to youth needs; sexual violence; and child soldiering and returning ex-combatant youngsters to civilian life. Given the enormous and diverse challenges that vast numbers of war-affected youth present, students of this course will be pushed to consider both youth concerns and the colossal program and policy issues they create. Particular attention will be paid to African context.

Problems, threats and challenges for peace and conflict resolution

Phill Gittins

Most texts about peace, war, and youth are written by adults; whereas the purpose of this chapter is for young people to produce their own reflections on their experience of peace and war. Using the words and ideas of young people, the chapter offers personal reflections on peace and war from the U.S., Kenya, Colombia, Russia, and India. The analysis centers on the main opportunities and barriers for building peace in the said contexts and what steps might be taken to move us toward a world beyond war. This chapter emerges from a collaborative venture with young people from different parts of the world as part of a larger youth-led, intergenerational, initiative led by World BEYOND War. The point of departure for the ideas in this chapter is that all voices matter in the global discourse on war-to-peace transitions, and that more attention needs to be given to supporting young people to produce their own accounts of peace, war, and related issues. Keywords: Peace and Conflict Studies, War Studies, Security Studies, Youth Studies, Youth

Elaine Pratley

Examination of how the United Nations (‘UN’) and World Bank construct youth affected by armed conflict and political instability (referred to as ‘youth-in-conflict’) in their respective youth policies reveals that the UN constructs youth-in-conflict as ‘victims’ requiring protection. This results in humanitarian/rights-based approaches to youth development. In contrast, the World Bank constructs youth-in-conflict as ‘capital’ that has potential to bring about economic growth, resulting in economics-driven policies. Such divergent identity constructions are because ‘youth’ and ‘youth identity’ are fluid concepts used in various ways by different people in different contexts. In peace and conflict studies, the dominant discourses in relation to youth-in-conflict are that youth are either ‘victims’ of war or ‘troublemakers’. Both discourses are contested by an emerging third discourse of youth as peacebuilders, which challenges the representation of youth-in-conflict as passive victims or as negative threats. While the UN and World Bank’s respective humanitarian/development and neo-liberal economic approaches shape these divergent youth-in-conflict constructions, both institutions are also influenced by the global trends in youth-in-conflict discourses. This ‘discursive’ relationship means that as the UN and World Bank engage in the global youth debate and are shaped by more complete understandings of youth-in-conflict, they will also have an influential role in perpetuating or challenging dominant discourses.

Cristina Contini

United Nations Office of the Secretary-General's Envoy on Youth

Irena Grizelj

Young people today often constitute the majority population in countries with ongoing peace processes. This is the first global policy paper to document and analyze where and how young people engage with peace processes, and begins to highlight why youth inclusion matters for the prevention of violence and achieving sustainable peace agreements. Across the world, young people are actively working to build peace and prevent violence. Over 1,000 peace agreements have been signed globally in the last two decades. While broader inclusion has shown to positively impact the sustainability of peace agreements, no comprehensive studies have assessed the role and impact of young people during, and in the lead up to, these peace agreements. Peace negotiations remain central to decision-making in a peace process, yet it is a key phase during which young people continue to be politically marginalized, excluded, and undervalued. The paper assesses youth participation and inclusion in peace processes from young people’s own point of view, through three integrated but non-hierarchical layers: in the room, around the room and outside the room of formal peace negotiations.

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The Challenge of Youth Employment: New Findings and Approaches

• Published: 12 June 2023
• Volume 66 , pages 421–437, ( 2023 )

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• Sher Singh Verick 1  

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The challenge of youth employment is not new. Even in good economic times, young people experience unemployment rates that are 3–4 times higher than adults. More than three out of four of the world’s young workers have informal jobs, while young people are overrepresented in working poverty and less protected forms of work, such as temporary and gig employment. During economic crises, the situation for young people in the labour market deteriorates much faster than for adults and persists for longer periods. The scarring effects for youth were clear after the global financial crisis (GFC) of 2008–09. Beyond these negative trends, it is important to recognise where countries have done much better in getting young people into decent and productive employment, including in the wake of crises. The success of European countries in tackling youth unemployment and inactivity has led to many attempts to replicate the policy approach, which involves integrated programmes such as the EU Youth Guarantee. However, there are major constraints to applying such an approach in developing countries and emerging economies. Against this background, the paper reviews the longer run trends in youth employment, along with the impact of crises on young people, focusing on the COVID-19 pandemic, in both advanced and developing countries. Next, it explores the lessons learned on how best to deal with youth employment challenges drawing from recent global meta-analyses. While the paper highlights that not all lessons can be extrapolated, it is important that countries develop integrated youth employment strategies that address job creation, quality of jobs, and inclusion.

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Source : ILO modelled estimates (November 2022), ilostat.ilo.org

Source : ILO modelled estimates (November 2022), ilostat.ilo.org. Notes : Other NEET = young people who are neither in employment, education or training, excluding the unemployed. OLF Other out-of-the-labour force, excluding those covered by Other NEET (i.e., excluding the potential labour force)

Source : ILO modelled estimates (November 2022), ilostat.ilo.org; author’s calculations

Source : ILO modelled estimates, ilostat.ilo.org; author’s calculations.

Source : Approved applications to job retention schemes as a share of dependent employees – OECD ( 2020 ); youth employment growth rate – authors’ calculations, labour force surveys, ilostat.ilo.org

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Verick, S.S. The Challenge of Youth Employment: New Findings and Approaches. Ind. J. Labour Econ. 66 , 421–437 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s41027-023-00438-5

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Accepted : 04 May 2023

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DOI : https://doi.org/10.1007/s41027-023-00438-5

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