pollution in goa essay

Sewage Treatment and Management in Goa, India: A Case Study

• Original Paper
• Published: 23 November 2015
• Volume 8 , pages 67–77, ( 2016 )

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• A. Singh 1 ,
• A. Kazmi 2 ,
• M. Starkl 3 ,
• I. Bawa 4 ,
• P. Khale 4 ,
• V. Patil 5 ,
• I. Nimkar 6 &
• M. Naik 6  

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Water pollution in India is primarily associated with unmanaged urbanization, population explosion, inadequate capacity of sewage treatment, and its disposal, which lead to unhygienic and insanitary conditions. This paper gives an overview on sewage treatment plants (STPs) in Goa—a coastal state in India. Being a famous tourist destination, it is important to monitor and control water pollution levels in Goa state, so as to safeguard the health of tourists and thereby the economy of the region. The capacity-wise distribution of STPs was mapped against regional population distribution and drainage system of Goa using ArcGIS. This information will be very useful for further analysis of the allocation of STPs and its adequacy with regard to the population. A majority of STPs at Goa are managed by private authorities like hotels and resorts. Four municipal plants under Goa Public Works Department were evaluated.

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Acknowledgments

The work presented in the paper has been supported by the Department of Science and Technology and European Union, Project Supporting consolidation, replication and up-scaling of sustainable wastewater treatment, and reuse technologies for India (SARASWATI).

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Industrial Safety and Environmental Management, National Institute of Industrial Engineering (NITIE), Mumbai, India

Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Roorkee, India

Competence Centre for Decision Aid in Environmental Management, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU), Vienna, Austria

Supporting Consolidation, Replication and Upscaling of Sustainable Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technologies in India (SARASWATI), National Institute of Industrial Engineering, NITIE, Mumbai, India

I. Bawa & P. Khale

National Institute of Industrial Engineering, NITIE, Mumbai, India

Centre for Environnemental Studies (CES), National Institute of Industrial Engineering, NITIE, Mumbai, India

I. Nimkar & M. Naik

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Correspondence to A. Singh .

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Singh, A., Kazmi, A., Starkl, M. et al. Sewage Treatment and Management in Goa, India: A Case Study. Expo Health 8 , 67–77 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12403-015-0183-5

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Received : 27 July 2015

Revised : 28 October 2015

Accepted : 28 October 2015

Published : 23 November 2015

Issue Date : March 2016

DOI : https://doi.org/10.1007/s12403-015-0183-5

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