protection of girl child essay

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Protecting, Educating and Empowering the Girl Child

on 10/11/2021 10/11/2021

Photo courtesy of Daily Mirror

Today is International Day of the Girl Child

While the lives of young girls in most countries around the world have certainly improved over the past few decades, there are still critical concerns that are unique to girls under the age of 18 such as female infanticide, early marriage and childbirth, Female Genital Mutilation, unequal access to education and health care, stereotyping, teenage pregnancy and sexual abuse. Girls also experience discrimination in food allocation and healthcare.

The World Economic Forum’s Global Gender Gap Report (2020) states that gender parity will only be attained in just under 100 years from now.

On December 19, 2011 the UN General Assembly adopted a resolution to declare October 11 as the International Day of the Girl Child to recognize girls’ rights and the unique challenges girls face around the world. The day focuses on the need to promote girls’ empowerment and the fulfilment of their human rights.

“Adolescent girls have the right to a safe, educated, and healthy life, not only during these critical formative years, but also as they mature into women. If effectively supported during the adolescent years, girls have the potential to change the world – both as the empowered girls of today and as tomorrow’s workers, mothers, entrepreneurs, mentors, household heads, and political leaders. An investment in realising the power of adolescent girls upholds their rights today and promises a more equitable and prosperous future, one in which half of humanity is an equal partner in solving the problems of climate change, political conflict, economic growth, disease prevention, and global sustainability,” said the UN.

Although a few girls such as Malala Yousafzai and Greta Thunberg have captured the world’s imagination with their bold and passionate championship of critical causes, young girls are still marginalized and discriminated against, especially in the developing world.

Some 650 million girls and women around the world have been married as children and over 200 million have been subjected to Female Genital Mutilation while 129 million girls are out of school. In developing countries, one out of every four young women have not completed their primary school education.

The lack of education is the most urgent issue because from it stems a host of other barriers facing the girl child. An uneducated girl may be married off early and have children at a young age, endangering her health. She is also more likely to face domestic violence. Without an education, she will be subject to low paying, menial jobs.

“Girls’ education is a strategic development priority. Better educated women tend to be more informed about nutrition and healthcare, have fewer children, marry at a later age, and their children are usually healthier, should they choose to become mothers. They are more likely to participate in the formal labor market and earn higher incomes. All these factors combined can help lift households, communities, and countries out of poverty,” said the World Bank.

But many achievements towards girls’ empowerment and equality are being eroded by the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic; confinement with their families and keeping away from school is increasing early marriages and genital mutilation and is disrupting global efforts to end these practices. It has also resulted in more sexual abuse, including online abuse.

“There is already a worrying rise in abuse, forced marriages, school dropouts, cyberbullying, online sexual violence and female genital mutilation and the Coronavirus pandemic is putting more and more girls at risk,” said the Global Gender Gap report .

Girls are often deprived of the fundamental right to manage their own bodies and consent to sexual intercourse. Worldwide, it is estimated that at least 15 million girls aged 15 to 19 have experienced forced sexual intercourse or other types of sexual abuses during their lives.

In Sri Lanka, the problem of sexual abuse of children is a grave one where 14.4 per cent of late adolescent girls have been subjected to some form of sexual abuse. According to police data there were 10,593 cases of rape between 2010 and 2015, of which three-quarters were statutory rape cases of girls under 16.

Ninety per cent of child sexual abuse cases in Sri Lanka are from incest. This means that perpetrators are close relatives, a neighbour, a religious leader or a teacher.

“After being sexually abused, the girl child is considered soiled and impure, she is marginalized and even ostracized by her community. She becomes the victim twice over, with no form of reprieve,” said Hazel Rajiah-Tetteh, Country Manager of  Emerge Lanka Foundation, an organization that works alongside survivors of childhood sexual abuse. Its programme for children comprises of life skills, reproductive health, personal development and entrepreneurship.

“Economic instability, mental health issues, uncertainty and many other factors play into creating an unsafe environment for a child. There is an increased risk of violence towards people and, in this case, children. Children are extremely vulnerable in households that harbor tension, stress and isolation from routine,” said Ms. Rajiah-Tetteh.

“Discussing child sexual abuse has always been difficult and seasonal due to the stigma and sensitivity attached to it.  We do however see that people speak up and about it more often now. This awareness may play a key role in cases being reported more often,” she added.

Taking into account the rise in reported numbers on child abuse, as well as the pandemic climate where the risk has increased for child safety, Emerge has launched a project to keep children safe. #ProtectEveryChild is an online awareness campaign built to educate the public on childhood sexual abuse, its impact, indicators, ways to report cases, ways to be active in child protection and create a wave of solidarity online, for individuals to take accountability, responsibility and make an active pledge to “be alert, speak up, and to always Protect Every Child”.

To mark #DayOfTheGirl , Groundviews spoke to @EmergeGlobal Country Manager Hazel Rajiah on the worrying rise in sexual abuse in #SriLanka , its associated stigmas, and the role communities need to take on to protect our children. To read our article, see: https://t.co/aC8kEMIIdY pic.twitter.com/4m2gqHsAKy — Groundviews (@groundviews) October 11, 2021

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Chapter 12: Rights of the Girl Child

Chapter summary.

• Cultural Influences on the Treatment of Girl Children
• Profile: Bogaletch Gebre
• Project: Changing Hearts and Minds: Averting Child Marriage in Yemen

Additional Resources

“The girl child” is one of the critical areas of the 1995 Beijing Platform for Action; girls’ rights are codified within the U.N. Convention on the Rights of the Child and include non-discrimination, protection from harm and abuse, and full participation in family, social, and cultural life. Barriers to realizing these rights include practices such as female genital mutilation (FGM), sex-selective abortions, and child marriage, each of which is common in geographically specific areas.

Dr. Bogaletch Gebre founded the organization Kembatti Mentti Gezzimma-Tope (KMG) to support education and economic opportunity for young women in Ethiopia through fundraising, protest, and community-based research. The Yemeni Women’s Union (YWU) focuses on reproductive health and family planning by running education workshops on the harms of child marriage and pregnancy and engages with families on the risks and long-term implications of these practices. The YWU is one of several organizations which work using different approaches, including media campaigns, advocacy, lobbying, and sharing knowledge through network building, to enhance the effectiveness of strategies to improve the situation of girls worldwide.

• Bogaletch Gebre
• Child marriage
• Female genital mutilation (FGM)
• International Ethiopia-Development through Education
• Kembatti Mentti Gezzimma-Tope (KMG)
• Marriage Without Risks Network (MWRN)
• Safe Age of Marriage Project (SAWP)
• United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC)
• Yemeni Women’s Union (YWU)

The Girl Child

By Robin N. Haarr

I n many cultures and societies, the girl child is denied her human rights and sometimes her basic needs. She is at increased risk of sexual abuse and exploitation and other harmful practices that negatively affect her survival, development and ability to achieve to her fullest potential. Because girls are particularly vulnerable, they require additional protections. The girl child is one of the 12 critical areas in the 1995 Beijing Platform for Action, which recommends elimination of all forms of discrimination and abuse of girls and protection of their rights.

The Convention on the Rights of the Child, adopted by the United Nations General Assembly in 1989, sets forth the basic human rights of children, usually those under 18 years of age. These rights include nondiscrimination; the right to survival and development of potential; protection from harmful influences, abuses and exploitation; and full participation in family, cultural and social life. The convention also spells out some human rights violations that are unique to the girl child, including discrimination based upon sex, prenatal sex selection, female genital mutilation and early marriage.

Cultural Influences on Treatment of Girl Children

Discrimination and harmful practices against the girl child vary depending upon cultural context. For instance, intentional abortion of female fetuses and female infanticide are common practices in East and South Asian countries where sons are strongly preferred. India and China have a significant sex-ratio imbalance in their populations as a result of these practices, according to the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA, 2005). In India such practices are reinforced by the perception that daughters are an economic burden on the family. They do not significantly contribute to the family income and large dowries may be expected by in-laws when the girl marries. In China, sex selectivity and abandonment of infant girls have increased dramatically since the enactment of the one-child policy in 1989. Prenatal sex selection is more common where modern medical technology is readily accessible and open to misuse. According to the UNFPA 2004 report, sex-selective abortion and female infanticide have resulted in at least 60 million “missing” girls in Asia. The shortage of females in some Asian countries has led to other problems, such as increased trafficking in women for marriage and sex work. Despite government programs and efforts to end such practices with education, financial incentives and threat of punishment, sex-selective abortion and female infanticide continue.

The status of girls is significantly less than that of boys in some countries. This makes girls more vulnerable to discrimination and neglect. Available indicators reveal that girls are discriminated against from the earliest stages of life in the areas of nutrition, health care, education, family care and protection. Girls are often fed less, particularly when there are diminished food resources. A diet low in calories, protein and nutrients negatively affects girls’ growth and development. Less likely to receive basic health care, they are at increased risk of childhood mortality.

Girls are more likely to be denied education. In 2007, an estimated 101 million children worldwide — the majority of whom were girls — did not attend primary schools (UNICEF, 2010). Africa, the Middle East and South Asia have the largest gender gaps in education. Girls from poor and rural households are especially likely to be denied education. Knowledge and skills needed for employment, empowerment and advancement in status often are withheld because of customary attitudes about educating boys over girls. Girls are more likely to be used as child labor inside and outside of the home. Yet there are many benefits of investing in girls’ education. Healthier families, lower fertility rates, improved economic performance and poverty reduction are among them. Educating girls in a supportive, gender-sensitive environment is critical to achieving gender equality.

The United Nations Population Fund estimates that 100 million to 140 million girls and women have undergone genital mutilation and at least 3 million girls are at risk of the practice every year. Most cases occur in regions of Africa, the Middle East and Asia. In Egypt, it is estimated that 75 percent of girls between 15 and 17 years of age have undergone genital mutilation, a practice which has immediate and long-term negative consequences on girls and women’s health and well-being, and complications can be fatal. Some countries in Africa, Europe and North America have banned genital mutilation; nevertheless, the practice continues.

Child marriage is another human rights violation that occurs in Africa, South and Central Asia and the Middle East. The highest rates are in South Asia and sub-Saharan Africa, where girls are married as early as 7 years of age, but often before 15 or 18 years of age. According to UNICEF statistics, in Bangladesh, the Central African Republic, Chad, Guinea, Mali and Niger more than 60 percent of women married before 18 years of age. In India, 47 percent of women married before 18 years of age. In Yemen, more than 25 percent of girls marry before 15 years of age. Child marriage is a form of sexual abuse that separates girls from family and friends, isolates them socially, restricts education and leaves them vulnerable to violence from husbands and in-laws. Child brides face health risks and even death related to premature forced sex — often with a significantly older husband — and early pregnancies. They are also at increased risk of HIV and other sexually transmitted diseases.

However, grass-roots movements can implement change successfully. An example is the Kembatti Mentti Gezzimma–Tope, spearheaded by Dr. Bogaletch Gebre in Ethiopia to stop genital mutilation. Or the Marriage Without Risk Network in Yemen, which links several NGOs that educate communities and advocate to curb child marriage.

Besides eliminating abuse and discrimination, the Beijing Platform for Action recommends enhanced development and training to improve girl’s status and eliminate their economic exploitation. Awareness of girls’ needs and potential should be improved in society and among the girls themselves so they may participate fully in social, economic and political life. Progress has been made, but much remains to be done to protect girls’ rights and assure them a future in which they may benefit themselves and their communities.

Robin Haarr is a professor of criminal justice at Eastern Kentucky University whose research focuses on violence against women and children and human trafficking, nationally and internationally. She does research and policy work for the United Nations and U.S. embassies and has received several awards for her work, including induction into the Wall of Fame at Michigan State University’s School of Criminal Justice and the Coramae Richey Mann “Inconvenient Woman of the Year” Award from the American Society of Criminology, Division on Women and Crime.

PROFILE: Bogaletch Gebre – Trading New Traditions for Old

By Julia Rosenbaum

Fueled by a dream, Dr. Bogaletch Gebre worked hard with dedication to obtain an education. She became a physician. Ever since, she has worked to empower women in her native Ethiopia, replacing harmful practices with healthy ones — one village at a time.

N o mother, no family would intentionally harm their child,” explains Dr. Bogaletch Gebre, founder of the Kembatti Mentti Gezzimma–Tope (KMG), which means “women of Kembatta working together,” a women’s self-help center in southern Ethiopia. Gebre is a champion of women’s development. She has also worked hard to end female genital mutilation, a traditional practice in Africa.

Boge, as she is called, comes from a farming family in Kembatta, southern Ethiopia. Her father protected the weak, widowed and orphaned in their community, giving to those whose harvest was not enough. She describes her mother as a wise, generous and loving woman who believed people do wrong out of ignorance, “because,” their mother told them, “when one wrongs the other, it hurts oneself more than the one who was wronged.” Like all young women of her day, Boge looked forward to her circumcision ceremony, when, she said, “People would start seeing me differently; looking at me in a new and better light.”

Growing up in a family of 14, she and her younger sister Fikirte were inseparable. They were the first girls in their village to have higher education. Boge attended Hebrew University in Jerusalem on a full scholarship. Later the sisters went to the United States. Boge was a Fulbright Scholar at the University of Massachusetts, where she studied epidemiology and public health. News of the 1984-87 famine in their homeland prompted the sisters to help. Fikirte focused on improving access to clean water for her village. She started a business brewing up tasty sauces and donated part of the profits to her water project. Boge tackled education and livelihood for young women by founding Parents International Ethiopia–Development through Education. She rallied U.S. supporters to end a “book famine” as pervasive as the food famine. She ran fundraising marathons which sent more than 300,000 books on science, medicine and law to Ethiopia.

Boge’s own awakening about genital mutilation grew from the rage and horror over what was done to her as a young woman, what was done to all the girls of her village. “I understood that the purpose of female genital excision was to excise my mind, excise my ability to live my life with all my senses intact,” she said. “I was never meant to be educated, to think for myself, because I am a woman born in a small village in Ethiopia. It’s a system that looks at a woman as an object of servitude. She starts serving her family at the age of 6 — before she even knows who she is. When she marries she is literally sold to the highest bidder. From one servitude to another, we are exploited.”

Boge returned home in 1997 with $5,000 and a vision. With her sister she founded KMG in 1999. The self-help center now includes a skills training center, library, heritage house, a health care center and a guest house and hosts a women’s discussion group. At first they were uncertain about how to realize their vision to break the cycle of violence against women and provide development opportunities.

Boge started with a baseline survey about women’s conditions: health and HIV/AIDS; men’s and women’s education; economic opportunities for women; and female genital mutilation. The results were presented in a community forum where the discussion lit a spark. “Women started speaking out … crying. … Everyone knew the pain and risk of cutting, but perpetuated the practice because they thought it was God-given and was essential if a woman was to be considered marriageable.”

Momentum was building. In June 2002, 78 young schoolgirls marched with placards that read: “I refuse to be circumcised, learn from me.” Two young sweethearts boldly defied tradition, to marry without genital mutilation. They appealed to the local priest, who was already sensitized through KMG outreach. He agreed to support them. At their wedding the bride wore a placard declaring that she was not circumcised, and the groom wore a sign stating his happiness to marry “an uncircumcised, whole girl.” Similar marriages followed, in which couples publicly rejected female genital mutilation. Support groups were formed; there was peer outreach education. “They’ve become our foot soldiers, a social force in their communities,” says Boge. “Girls rally together, singing songs and wearing signs, ‘We are your daughters! Do not harm us.’” A new event introduced in 2004, “Whole Body, Healthy Life — Freedom from Female Genital Excision,” which aims to replace harmful mutilation rituals with life celebrations, has been very well attended. The day is recognized as a freedom day, a new tradition that is celebrated every year.

Today, female genital mutilation has been largely eliminated in KMG’s outreach area of 1.5 million people. A 2008 UNICEF study documents the transformation after a decade of intervention in which female circumcision has dramatically decreased to less than 3 percent. This has been accomplished by law and through education of communities about the harm of the practice.

Boge says that support from KMG has helped communities “to trust and unleash their collective wisdom, thereby recognizing their own capacity to effect measurable and sustainable change. We just need to give them the space.”

Community representatives — students and teachers, boys, girls, literate and illiterate, women and men, midwives, religious leaders, and elders — all meet regularly to discuss concerns, build relationships, share learning and reach consensus. Boge says, “Solutions lie within.” KMG facilitates and encourages discussion. “Once they make their commitments, they abide by them.”

It is a holistic approach, Boge says, that recognizes “the indivisibility of social, cultural, economic and political dynamics that affect societies and women in particular … linking ecology, economy and society.” She adds, “In Kembatta, as in other rural regions, social turmoil, environmental degradation and loss of the traditional income base all reinforce attitudes which victimize women and perpetuate violence against women.”

The success of Bogaletch Gebre has meant broader influence of the KMG model in other regions and countries and in policymaking. “We don’t need miracles,” she says. “We need commitment to action, creativity and hard work. And, of course, we need to support each other, as people who share this one world.”

“My dream for African women? That the world realizes that women’s suppression is no good for business, for the economy, nor for human development. We must end gender apartheid,” she says.

Julia Rosenbaum is senior program officer, Health, Population and Nutrition Group, for the Washington-based Academy for Educational Development. She provides technical input and management to global maternal and child health programs. She has worked in Ethiopia for the past six years through USAID’s Hygiene Improvement Project on community-led approaches for hygiene and sanitation improvement and related HIV care and support programs.

PROJECT: Changing Hearts and Minds – Averting Child Marriage in Yemen

By Dalia Al-Eryani and Laurel Lundstrom

Child marriage is one of the biggest threats to young girls in Yemen. It often prevents them from getting an education and following their dreams. It can be devastating physically, psychologically, economically and socially. Local organizations work to improve the prospects of girls by ensuring that they remain unmarried and in school.

S he speaks from the heart, like a typical 8-year-old. “I want to be a doctor,” says Arwa (not her real name), revealing a gap in her smile from a missing baby tooth. But her future is not her own.

“I want to work with all sick people,” she quietly insists. “I don’t want to get married at all. I want to stay with my mother.” Despite her dreams, Arwa already understands that the desires of her grandfather will more likely dictate her future.

And her grandfather has different plans. He has already betrothed Arwa to her cousin. Like most child brides, she will not continue with her education. She will be taken from her mother, forced out of school and required to abandon any aspirations of a medical career.

“The greatest problem facing Yemeni women today is child marriages,” says Wafa Ahmad Ali of the Yemeni Women’s Union (YWU), one of several local nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) trying to change the prospects of young girls like Arwa by ensuring they remain unmarried and in school until they are at least 18. The YWU is reaching out to Arwa’s grandfather, hoping he will allow her to live out her dreams. The YWU has helped avert the marriages of 79 children in 2009-2010, through an initiative called the “Safe Age of Marriage” Project.

The YWU works with the Extending Service Delivery Project, which focuses on reproductive health and family planning, and the Basic Health Services Project to transform the opinions of religious leaders, community leaders and families to value girls’ education over early marriage. It’s not an easy task. The YWU faces resistance from community members who think the organization is “meddling with local norms and traditions,” says Wafa Ali. Poverty and conservative views about the role of women are also problems.

Coordinators from the YWU oversee a team of 40 volunteer community educators — 20 men and 20 women — concentrated in Amran governorate’s Al Sawd and Al Soodah districts, where 59 percent of families marry off their daughters before the age of 18. The governorate’s capital city, Amran, an ancient trading center, is located about 50 kilometers north of Yemen’s capital, Sana’a. Only 1 percent of women in Amran governorate have attended school, according to a baseline assessment conducted by the Safe Age of Marriage Project.

The volunteers raise awareness about the social and health consequences of child marriage through lively discussions, film screenings, plays, writing competitions, poetry readings, debates and literacy classes. One of their main lessons is about the healthy timing and spacing of pregnancy. The messages about family planning are tailored to be appropriate for Islamic communities, and encourage girls not to get pregnant for the first time until they are at least 18.

Safia, one of YWU’s community educators, frequently hears about the consequences of child marriage and early pregnancy. “My 16-year-old daughter is cursed,” says a woman at one of Safia’s sessions. She adds that each time the girl has tried to bring a new life into the world, she has failed. “The babies always die,” she says. “But my 20-year-old daughter, she is not cursed. She has healthy babies.” Safia advised the woman that because her daughter had married early, she and her babies were at an increased risk of death. The mother’s reaction: “My daughter isn’t cursed after all!”

By delaying marriage, the project aims to slow maternal, newborn and infant deaths and associated conditions such as obstetric fistula, childhood deformities, mental illness, depression and domestic violence. Other organizations around the country with similar goals include the Marriage Without Risks Network, a group of five local NGOs funded by the Middle East Partnership Initiative. Each NGO approaches child marriage from a different angle: some focus on grass-roots awareness campaigns, classroom workshops or media campaigns; others conduct studies to determine the prevalence and effects of early marriage on girls and their families; and others advocate for change by engaging decisionmakers such as parliamentarians and religious leaders. The network outreach allows the groups to connect with other like-minded organizations throughout Yemen, from international organizations to community groups to Islamic foundations, that work to eliminate child marriage. By sharing successful approaches, members of the network enhance its effectiveness.

Cooperation of men in the community is essential. Here Sheikh Yahya Ahmed Abdulrahman Al-Naggar engages other Yemeni religious leaders and men as he sensitizes them to the importance of reproductive health and family planning.

“Fistula!” shouts a young girl in response to a question about the health risks of early marriage. The girl, who wears a white scarf, speaks confidently to the audience, describing how this injury, caused by complications during childbirth, can ruin a woman’s life. Girls whose bodies are not fully developed are particularly at risk for fistula. Community educators explain such risks to impress upon the girls and their families the importance of marriage at a safe age.

By attending a similar session, Ali, another community member, changed from being an advocate for child marriage into a strong advocate for delaying marriage. In fact, when he met a father whose daughter, at age 13, was about to be married, he argued so passionately to stop the marriage that he convinced the father to break off the engagement — and he paid the father back part of the dowry already sacrificed to the groom-to-be. There was no wedding, and the daughter is back in school.

The Safe Age of Marriage Project has reached nearly 41,000 people, and child marriage for girls between 10 and 17 has decreased in both districts. In Al Soodah, the community is trying to pass a local law dictating a “safe age of marriage.”

The intervention is now being spread to two neighboring districts, with plans to expand it nationally in the future.

Ali says that the YWU will spread the intervention to seven to eight more governorates. “Part of the strategic plan for the YWU is to do advocacy with local authorities and decisionmakers and ask them to take measures to guarantee girls get married at a safe age,” he says.

Dalia Al-Eryani is the project coordinator of the Safe Age of Marriage Project in Yemen, which educates communities on the risks of early marriage. A Fulbright Fellow, she works with Yemen’s Basic Health Services Project.

Laurel Lundstrom served as the communications officer for the Extending Service Delivery Project, USAID’s flagship reproductive health and family planning project. She has written for the United Nations, Global Health magazine and the World Health Organization, and co-produced a short documentary on maternal and newborn health in Yemen.

Multiple Choice Questions

• Daughters are an economic burden on the family
• Daughters do not contribute to family income
• Girls are less likely to receive proteins and nutrients necessary for growth and development
• Girls are more likely to be denied education
• All of the above
• As young as 7 years old, but often below 15 – 18 years
• Between 10 – 15 years
• Between 20 – 22 years
• Between 10 – 20 years
• None of the above
• Social turmoil
• Environmental degradation
• Loss of traditional income
• That societies value all genders equally
• That people realize that suppression of women is bad for business, the economy, and human development
• That women are paid the same as men and achieve full political and economic participation
• The organization is meddling with local traditions
• The medical concerns of early marriages are unfounded
• Girls and families are unharmed by early marriages
• The emotional impact on girls is not a concern
• Discussions
• Film screenings
• Writing competitions
• Poetry readings
• The correct answers are A and B. The perceptions that lead to a preference for sons over daughters are that daughters are an economic burden on the family and do not contribute to family income. Answers C and D are both forms of discrimination against girls, not perceptions of daughters.
• The correct answer is A (as young as 7 years old, but often below 15 – 18 years).
• The correct answer is C (75 percent).
• The correct answer is d. (all of the above).
• The correct answer is for people to realize that suppression of women is bad for business, the economy, and human development (answer B).
• The correct answer is A (that the organization is meddling with local traditions by working to stop early childhood marriage). While there may be individual proponents of early and child marriage that believe the medical concerns of the practice are unfounded (answer B), that girls and families are unharmed by early marriages (answer C), and that the emotional impact on girls is not a concern (answer D), these objections were not mentioned in the text.
• The correct answer is E (all of the above).

Discussion Quetsions

• How are the risks of early and child marriage represented in the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)? What about the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)? What progress has the international community made in reducing this practice?
• What types of programs are discussed in the chapter that aim to prevent early and child marriage? Are they effective? Why or why not?
• Why should combatting child marriage be a priority for governments and the international community?
• What are the economic, social, and institutional root causes that lead to rights violations against girls, such as child marriage?
• Reviewing both the chapter and additional resources provided, consider how the perspective given on FGM in the chapter  contrasts with the perspective given by Lisa Wade in her article.
• Why does early/child marriage happen in states where it is illegal? What are the ways in which a robust nation-state and civil society can counteract such practices?

Essay Questions

• Why should child marriage and FGM be concerns of the U.S. government when these practices are largely happening on separate continents? More broadly, what should be the role of the United States in intervening in the familial customs of sovereign countries?
• Review the post-colonial critiques of the anti-FGM movement provided in the additional resources section. How can one address the practice of FGM in a way that is consistent with these critiques?
• Discuss the role that culture and religion determine in setting one’s values in relation to female genital mutilation and early/child marriage, as well as in forming policies to address them.
• What is the relationship between economics, poverty, and child marriage? Assuming that poverty and child marriage are linked, is it more effective to stop child marriage itself or to address the poverty that surrounds the practice?

Al-Jazeera. “Too Young to Marry: Child Marriage in Bangladesh.” Documentary on the illegal practice of child marriage in Bangladesh.

http://video.aljazeera.com/channels/eng/videos/too-young-to-wed%3A-child-marriage-in-bangladesh—101-east/4705007823001;jsessionid=5CA4674666308D69CF511C30A0FE66FB

Blackstock, C. “ Jordan & Shannen: First Nations Children Demand that the Canadian Government Stop Racially Discriminating Against Them.” First Nations Child and Family Caring Society of Canada. 2011. Shadow Report to the Committee on the Rights of the Child on Canada’s implementation of the convention in the context of services for Indigenous children.

https://fncaringsociety.com/publications-and-resources

Frohmader, C. “The Sexual and Reproductive Rights of Women and Girls with Disabilities.” International Conference on Human Rights.” (2014). Examines sexual and reproductive rights of women and girls with disabilities as it relates to the post-2015 development agenda.

http://wwda.org.au/wp-content/uploads/2013/12/issues_paper_srr_women_and_girls_with_disabilities_final.pdf

Nirantar Trust. “Early and Child Marriage in India: A Landscape Analysis.” Nirantar Trust. Comprehensive report on the root causes of child marriage in India, including the compounding of patriarchy, class, caste, religion and sexuality.

Santhya, K. G. & Jejeebhoy, S. “Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights of Adolescent Girls: Evidence from Low and Middle-Income Countries.” Global Public Health 10(15), 189 – 221: (2015). Proposes increased sexual education, health services, and safe spaces programs for vulnerable girls.

http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/17441692.2014.986169

UNICEF. “Child Friendly Resources.” UN Convention on the Rights of the Child in Child Friendly Language. Accessible version of the rights contained within the UNCRC.

http://www.unicef.org/rightsite/484_540.htm

UNICEF Jordan. “A Study on Early Marriage in Jordan 2014.” (2014). Findings of a qualitative and quantitative study on early marriages in Jordan, as well as Palestinians and Syrian communities within the country in the wake of the Syrian civil war and resulting refugee crisis.

http://www.unicef.org/mena/UNICEFJordan_EarlyMarriageStudy2014(1).pdf

Wade, L. “The Trouble with American Views of Female Genital Cutting.” Sociological Images. (2015). Critique of American discourse on Female Genital Cutting, which suggests that it has alienated the women it seeks to support.

https://thesocietypages.org/socimages/2015/12/27/the-trouble-with-american-views-of-female-genital-cutting/

This work ( Global Women's Issues: Women in the World Today, extended version by Bureau of International Information Programs, United States Department of State) is free of known copyright restrictions.

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Girls’ vision for the future

The 2024 International Day of the Girl theme is ‘Girls’ vision for the future’.

This year’s theme conveys both the need for urgent action and persistent hope, driven by the power of girls’ voices and vision for the future.

Today’s generation of girls is disproportionately affected by global crises of climate, conflict, poverty and pushback on hard won gains for human rights and gender equality. Too many girls are still denied their rights, restricting their choices and limiting their futures.

Yet, recent analysis shows that girls are not only courageous in the face of crisis, but hopeful for the future. Every day, they are taking action to realize a vision of a world in which all girls are protected, respected and empowered. But girls cannot realize this vision alone. They need allies who listen to and respond to their needs. 

With the right support, resources and opportunities, the potential of the world’s more than 1.1 billion girls is limitless. And when girls lead, the impact is immediate and wide reaching: families, communities and economies are all stronger, our future brighter.

It is time to listen to girls, to invest in proven solutions that will accelerate progress towards a future in which every girl can fulfil her potential.

Five game-changing solutions with and for adolescent girls

Did you know that investing in girls is not only the right thing to do for them, but it also brings positive impacts to their families, communities, and societies as a whole? Based on the priorities of young people worldwide for promoting adolescent girls' rights, there are five key solutions rooted in partnerships that can transform girls' lives and secure their futures.

In 1995 at the World Conference on Women in Beijing countries unanimously adopted the Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action – the most progressive blueprint ever for advancing the rights of not only women but girls. The Beijing Declaration is the first to specifically call out girls’ rights.

On December 19, 2011, United Nations General Assembly adopted  Resolution 66/170  to declare October 11 as the International Day of the Girl Child, to recognize girls’ rights and the unique challenges girls face around the world.

The International Day of the Girl Child focuses attention on the need to address the challenges girls face and to promote girls’ empowerment and the fulfilment of their human rights.

Adolescent girls have the right to a safe, educated, and healthy life, not only during these critical formative years, but also as they mature into women. If effectively supported during the adolescent years, girls have the potential to change the world – both as the empowered girls of today and as tomorrow’s workers, mothers, entrepreneurs, mentors, household heads, and political leaders. An investment in realising the power of adolescent girls upholds their rights today and promises a more equitable and prosperous future, one in which half of humanity is an equal partner in solving the problems of climate change, political conflict, economic growth, disease prevention, and global sustainability.

Girls are breaking boundaries and barriers posed by stereotypes and exclusion, including those directed at children with disabilities and those living in marginalized communities. As entrepreneurs, innovators and initiators of global movements, girls are creating a world that is relevant for them and future generations.

The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and its 17 Sustainable Development Goals ( SDGs ) adopted by world leaders in 2015, embody a roadmap for progress that is sustainable and leaves no one behind.

Achieving gender equality and women’s empowerment is integral to each of the 17 goals. Only by ensuring the rights of women and girls across all the goals will we get to justice and inclusion, economies that work for all, and sustaining our shared environment now and for future generations.

Vanessa Nakate on how the climate crisis impacts girls

Vanessa Nakate, 25, is a Ugandan climate change activist and founder of the Africa-based Rise Up Movement. Nakate speaks out on the climate crisis and its intersection with gender and race, especially in how it disproportionately affects women and girls in Africa.

Did you know?

• Nearly 1 in 5 girls are still not completing lower-secondary and nearly 4 in 10 girls are not completing upper-secondary school today.
• Around 90 per cent of adolescent girls and young women do not use the internet in low-income countries, while their male peers are twice as likely to be online.
• Globally, girls aged 5-14 spend 160 million more hours every day on unpaid care and domestic work than boys of the same age.
• Adolescent girls continue to account for 3 in 4 new HIV infections among adolescents.
• Nearly 1 in 4 married/partnered adolescent girls aged 15-19 have experienced physical or sexual violence from an intimate partner at least once in their lifetime.
• Even before the COVID-19 pandemic, 100 million girls were at risk of child marriage in the next decade. And now over the next ten years, up to 10 million more girls worldwide will be at risk of marrying as children because of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Key Documents

• Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women
• Convention on The Rights of Child
• Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action
• Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action: Beijing+5 Political Declaration and Outcome
• Universal Declaration of Human Rights

Publications

• Adolescent Girls Programme Strategy, 2022 - 2025
• Global Annual Results Report 2022: Gender equality
• Bridging the Gender Digital Divide
• Legislating and enforcing the minimum age of marriage: A comparative study of experiences and lessons learned in ending the legalization of child marriage
• Gender-Transformative Accelerator
• UNICEF: International Day of the Girl Child
• UN Women: International Day of the Girl Child
• UNESCO: International Day of the Girl Child
• UN Secretary-General's Campaign UNiTE to End Violence Against Women
• The Spotlight Initiative
• World Bank: Girls' Education 
• United Nations Girls' Education Initiative
• International Labour Organization: Gender and child labour in agriculture
• UNFPA-UNICEF Global Programme to Accelerate Action to End Child Marriage
• UN Global Issues: Gender equality
• SDG-5: Gender equality

Related Observances

• International Day of Zero Tolerance for Female Genital Mutilation
• International Day of Women and Girls in Science
• International Women's Day
• International Day of Innocent Children Victims of Aggression
• World Day Against Child Labour
• International Youth Day
• International Literacy Day
• World Children’s Day
• UN Decade for Women

Global Issues: Gender Equality

Women and girls represent half of the world’s population and, therefore, also half of its potential. Gender equality, besides being a fundamental human right, is essential to achieve peaceful societies, with full human potential and sustainable development. Moreover, it has been shown that empowering women spurs productivity and economic growth.

Skills4Girls : Girl-centered solutions for unlocking the potential of adolescent girls

There are more than 600 million adolescent girls in the world today — equipped with the right resources and opportunities, they will be the largest cohort of female leaders, innovators, entrepreneurs and change-makers the world has ever seen. Learn more .

Why do we mark International Days?

International days and weeks are occasions to educate the public on issues of concern, to mobilize political will and resources to address global problems, and to celebrate and reinforce achievements of humanity. The existence of international days predates the establishment of the United Nations, but the UN has embraced them as a powerful advocacy tool. We also mark other UN observances .

Essay on Girl Child

Students are often asked to write an essay on Girl Child in their schools and colleges. And if you’re also looking for the same, we have created 100-word, 250-word, and 500-word essays on the topic.

Let’s take a look…

100 Words Essay on Girl Child

Importance of girl child.

Girl children are precious. They are future mothers, leaders, and contributors to society. A girl child brings joy, love, and happiness in the family. They are equally important as boys.

Challenges Faced by Girl Child

Sadly, girl children often face discrimination. They may not receive equal opportunities for education, healthcare, and other essentials. This needs to change.

The Role of Society

Society plays a big role in shaping a girl child’s life. It’s our duty to protect, respect, and empower them. We should strive for gender equality and ensure they have a bright future.

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250 Words Essay on Girl Child

The girl child: a beacon of hope and change.

The girl child, often overlooked in many societies, holds the potential to bring about transformative change. She is not a liability; instead, she is an asset, a beacon of hope, and a pillar of strength.

The Power of Education

Education is a crucial tool for empowering the girl child. It is not merely about reading and writing; it’s about equipping her with knowledge, skills, and confidence to break the shackles of societal constraints. An educated girl child can contribute significantly to the socio-economic development of a nation.

Challenges Faced

Despite the potential, the path of a girl child is often strewn with obstacles. Gender bias, discrimination, and lack of access to education and healthcare are some of the challenges she faces. These challenges are not only detrimental to her but also to the overall progress of society.

Role of Society

Society plays a pivotal role in shaping the future of the girl child. It is our collective responsibility to ensure that every girl child is treated with respect and dignity, and is provided with equal opportunities. It’s high time we shed our prejudices and embrace the power of the girl child.

The Way Forward

The way forward lies in creating a conducive environment for the girl child to thrive. Providing quality education, ensuring her safety, and promoting gender equality are some of the steps in this direction. Let us remember, empowering the girl child is synonymous with empowering the nation.

500 Words Essay on Girl Child

The importance of the girl child.

The girl child, often marginalized and subjected to various forms of discrimination, plays a pivotal role in society. It’s essential to acknowledge and promote the importance of the girl child for the development of society and the nation at large.

Historical Perspective

Education: a fundamental right.

Education is a fundamental right of every child. Yet, millions of girls worldwide are denied this right due to societal prejudices and economic constraints. Educating a girl child is not merely about imparting knowledge but also about equipping her with the skills and confidence to make informed decisions. An educated girl can contribute to her family, society, and nation’s economic development. This connection between a girl child’s education and societal development underscores the need for gender equality in educational opportunities.

Healthcare: A Key to Empowerment

Healthcare, particularly for the girl child, is another area requiring significant attention. Girls face unique health issues, especially during adolescence, and these need to be addressed with sensitivity and understanding. Adequate healthcare can ensure that girls grow into healthy women capable of contributing positively to society.

Legal Protection and Social Empowerment

The economic impact of empowering the girl child.

Empowering the girl child has far-reaching economic implications. A study by the World Bank suggests that every year of secondary education correlates with an 18% increase in a girl’s future earning potential. Thus, investing in a girl child’s education and health can significantly contribute to economic growth.

Conclusion: The Way Forward

The future of our society depends on how we treat and value our girl children today. Empowering the girl child through education, healthcare, legal protection, and social empowerment is not only a moral obligation but also a strategic necessity for societal development. By ensuring that girls have equal opportunities to grow, learn, and thrive, we can create a more balanced, equitable, and prosperous society.

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Short Essay: Save Girl Child

“Save Girl Child” is a crucial social initiative aimed at combating gender-based discrimination and promoting the rights and welfare of girls in various parts of the world, particularly in countries where they face severe inequalities. Writing a short essay on this topic requires sensitivity, awareness, and a balanced approach. This guide will walk you through the steps to craft a concise, impactful essay that advocates for this important cause.

Table of Contents

Title and Introduction

Title : Choose a compelling title that immediately captures the essence of your message, such as “Empowering Futures: The Urgent Need to Save Girl Children.”

Body of the Essay

Efforts and Solutions :

Save Girl Child Essay Example #1

The practice of gender discrimination and female infanticide continues to plague our society, posing a grave threat to the lives and rights of girls. Saving the girl child is not only a matter of gender equality but also vital for the overall progress and well-being of society. In this essay, we will delve into the significance of this issue, its causes, and potential solutions.

Several factors contribute to this issue. The dowry system, preference for male heirs, and economic considerations play a significant role. Overcoming these challenges requires a multi-faceted approach. Raising awareness about the importance of gender equality and the rights of girls is crucial. Education and sensitization campaigns can challenge deep-rooted beliefs and change societal attitudes.

Save Girl Child Essay Example #2

The girl child is a precious asset to any society, yet gender discrimination and the practice of female foeticide continue to threaten their lives and rights. Saving the girl child is not only a matter of social justice but also essential for sustainable development. This essay aims to shed light on the significance of this issue, delve into its underlying causes, examine its consequences, and propose effective strategies to address and mitigate this pressing concern.

The consequences of gender discrimination are multifaceted and impact individuals, families, and societies at large. Girls who face discrimination often experience limited access to education, healthcare, and economic opportunities, hindering their personal growth and potential. Gender imbalance caused by female foeticide and neglect of girl children disrupts the social fabric, leading to a shortage of potential wives for men and increased violence against women. Moreover, denying girls their rights perpetuates cycles of poverty, limits economic growth, and hampers social progress.

Save Girl Child Essay Example #3

The practice of gender discrimination and female infanticide remains a distressing reality in many parts of the world, posing a significant threat to the lives and rights of girls. Saving the girl child is a critical endeavour that requires urgent attention and action. This essay aims to explore the importance of addressing this issue, examine its root causes, discuss its ramifications on society, and propose effective strategies to safeguard the lives and well-being of girls.

Saving the girl child is essential for achieving gender equality and fostering inclusive societies. Girls have the right to equal opportunities, education, and a life free from discrimination and violence. Empowering girls not only benefits them individually but also contributes to the overall progress of communities and nations. When girls are educated and enabled to exercise their rights, they become agents of change, breaking the cycle of poverty and paving the way for sustainable development.

The consequences of gender discrimination and female infanticide are far-reaching and detrimental to both individuals and society. Gender imbalance created by these practices leads to a scarcity of potential partners and increases the risk of violence against women. Denying girls access to education and opportunities limits their potential and hampers societal progress. Additionally, the loss of girl children perpetuates cycles of poverty and deprives societies of their contributions. It is imperative to recognize that gender discrimination not only violates human rights but also impedes social and economic development.

Saving the girl child is an urgent imperative that demands collective efforts to dismantle gender discrimination and ensure the rights and well-being of girls. By challenging cultural norms, promoting education, and providing equal opportunities, we can create a society where every girl is valued, protected, and empowered to reach her full potential. Let us work together to nurture equality and build a brighter future for all.

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Essay on Save Girl Child for Students and Children in 1100 Words

Today we will discuss on an Essay on Save Girl Child for Students and Children in 1100 Words. It includes causes, initiatives for saving, Govt. Programs and schemes on Save Girl.

Lets start this persuasive – Essay on Save Girl Child…

Table of Contents

Introduction (Essay on Save Girl Child – 1300 W)

However, some shocking News is that the girls born in that dynasty had killed and buried in their backyard and plant a rose in resemblance. What a shocking incident that had taken in place around a few centuries back.

In the year 2015, the Minister of women and Child Development had stated that 2000 children were killed every day, with many slain before and after birth. This may be a historical problem of prevalence of Dowry menace, which is a menace or evil, leading to the deaths of girls at the fetus stage or after.

Causes to Save the Girl Child

Girl Child is no lesser to boys in any field; Females are more obedient than boys and have proved more obedient and less violent comparative with the boys.

Major steps to save the Precious Girls on earth

If we educate the girl , she can live on herself and may end the major havoc and practice. Making women for the empowerment of themselves and girl in particular.

Steps started by the Government to Save Girl Child

They contribute some NGOs for building toilets to enhance hygienic health ; Crimes against women will lead to society destruction to eradicate stringent campaigns are planned and organized. Female feticide was one of the major issues; however, this is banned by the government. Govt. is promoting the girl child with the most top priority and not the Curse to the Society.

Role of Beti Bachao and Beti Padhao initiative

Schemes promoting save girl child in india.

Sukanya Samridhi Yozana for ensuring fair share by the family towards the GC. To protect the girl child, Ladli scheme was launched by the Delhi & Haryana governments for controlling female feticide and improving education and equal gender rights.

UNESCO Initiative for Save Girl Child

The Challenges and opportunities worldwide are that over 130 million girls are out of school, 600 million adolescent girls who will enter the labor shortly and over 90% are living in developing countries this should be abolished with the continuous effort by the developed countries, UNO and the concerned countries.

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Save Girl Child Essay

Save girl child is an awareness campaign to save the girl child in India by ensuring their safety as well as to stop the crime against girl child especially female foeticide and gender inequality.

Long and Short Essay on Save Girl Child in English

Women are the most important section of the society and equally participate in the life existence on the earth. However, regular decrease in the sex ratio of female in India because of the crimes against women, it has created the fear of total finish of women. So, it is very necessary to save girl child in order to maintain the ratio of women in India. It has been a most important topic as a social awareness in the Indian society which youths of the country must know about. In order to enhance the writing skill and knowledge of the students, teachers assign them this topic to write only paragraph or complete essay in the classroom, during exam or any competition organized for the essay writing. Following essay on save girl child are especially written for the students. They can choose any save girl child essay according to their need and requirement:

Save Girl Child Essay 1 (100 words)

Girls are equally as important as boys in the society to maintain the social equilibrium. Few years ago, there was huge reduction in the number of women in comparison to the man. It was so because of the increasing crimes against women such as female foeticide, dowry deaths, rape, poverty, illiteracy, gender discrimination and many more. To equalize the number of women in the society, it is very necessary to aware people greatly about the save girl child. Government of India has taken some positive steps regarding save girl child such as protection of women from domestic violence act 2005, ban of female infanticide, immoral traffic (prevention) act, proper education, gender equality, etc.

Save Girl Child Essay 2 (150 words)

Save girl child topic has been the focus of attention of everyone all over the India in order to improve the overall social and economic status of women. Following are some initiatives launched by the central or state government regarding save girl child:

• In order to protect the girl child, a Ladli Scheme was launched and implemented by the Delhi & Haryana Government in 2008. The aim of this scheme was controlling female foeticide as well as improving status of girl child through education and equal gender rights.
• Sabla Scheme launched by the Ministry of Women and Child Development in 2011 aiming to empower adolescent girls through education.
• Dhanalakshmi Scheme was launched in 2008 by the Ministry of Women and Child Development aiming to provide cash transfer to the family of girl child after birth, registration, and immunization.
• Kishori Shakti Yojna was launched by the Ministry of Women and Child Development aiming to improve nutritional and health condition of adolescent girls.
• Sukanya Samridhi Yojana was launched to ensure equitable share to a girl child by the family.
• Beti Bachao, Beti Padhao (means save girl child and educate girl child) scheme was launched in 2015 for the welfare of women.

Save Girl Child Essay 3 (200 words)

Save girl child is a most important social awareness topic now-a-days regarding the saving of girl child all through the country. There are various effective measures following which girl child can be saved to a great extent. There is huge level of poverty in the society which is the big reason illiteracy and gender inequality in the Indian society. So, education is the vital element to reduce poverty and gender discrimination as well as improve the status of girl child and woman in the Indian society. According to the statistics, it is found that female literacy is decreasing continuously in Odisha where girl child do not have equal access to the education and other activities.

Education is deeply linked to the employment. Low education means low employment which leads to the poverty and gender inequality in the society. Education is the most effective step forward to improve women status as it makes them financially independent. Save girl child step is taken by the government to ensure the equal rights and opportunities for women in the society. Bollywood actor (Parineeti Chopra) has been an official brand ambassador of the recent scheme of PM for save girl child (Beti Bachao, Beti Padhao).

Save Girl Child Essay 4 (250 words)

Introduction

The status of girls in the Indian society has been greatly debated for many years. Girls are generally believed to be involved in the cooking and playing with dolls while boys to be involved in the education and other physical activities from the ancient time. Such old beliefs of men have simulated them for violence against women which resulted in the continuous decrease in the number of girl child in the society. So, there is a big need to save girl child in order to equalize the ratio of both as well ensure the development of country.

Effective Steps regarding Save Girl Child

Following are the various effective steps to save girl child:

• The position of girl child in Indian society is backward since ages because of the extreme desire of parents for the boy-child. It has created gender inequality in the society and has been very necessary to remove by bringing gender equality.
• Extreme poverty in the society has created social evil against women as dowry system which worsens the situation of women. Parents generally think that girls are only to spend money that’s why they kill girl child before or after birth in many ways (female infanticide, dowry deaths, etc). Such issues need to be removed urgently in order to save girl child.
• Illiteracy is another issue which can be removed through proper education system for both genders.
• Empowering women is the most effective tool to save girl child.
• People should be aware through some effective campaigns regarding save the girl child.
• A girl child is unsafe inside as well as outside the mother’s womb. She has fear in many ways all through the life with the men whom she gives birth. She is ruled by the men whom she gives birth and it is totally the matter of laugh and shame for us. Education is the best tool to bring revolution of saving and respecting a girl child.
• A girl child should be given equal access and opportunities in every field.
• There should be safety and security arrangement for girls at all the public places.
• Family members of a girl child can be better target to make save the girl child campaign successful.

Save girl child is not taken by the people as topic only, it is a social awareness which should be taken very seriously. People should save girl child and respect girl child as they have power to create a whole world. They are equally needed for the growth and development of any country.

Save Girl Child Essay 5 (300 words)

Girls have been the victim of many crimes in India for years. The most fearful crime was female foeticide in which girls were killed in the womb of mother after sex determination through ultrasound. Save the girl child campaign has been launched by the government to end the gender-selective abortions of female fetus as well as other crimes against girl child.

Effects of Female Foeticide on Girl Child Ratio Reduction

Female foeticide was one of the most fearful acts through sex-selective abortion in the hospital. It was developed in India by the people’s more interest in the boy child than the female child. It has reduced the girl child sex ratio in India to a great extent. It was made possible in the country because of the Ultrasound technology. It took a form of giant demon because of the gender discrimination and inequality for girls in the society. A huge reduction in the female sex ratio was noticed after the national census of 1991. Then it was declared as a worsening problem of the society after the national census of 2001. However, reduction in female population was continued till 2011. Later, this practice was banned strictly by the government in order to control the ratio of female child. In Madhya Pradesh, the ratio was 932 girls/1000 boys in 2001 however reduced to 912/1000 in 2011. It means, it still continues somewhere and may be it reduced to 900/1000 by 2021.

Role of Beti Bachao Beti Padhao awareness Campaign

Beti Bachao, Beti Padhao is a scheme which means save the girl child and educate the girl child. This scheme was launched by the government of India on 22 nd of January in 2015 in order to generate awareness for girl child as well as improve the welfare of women. This campaign was launched by organizing some activities such as large rallies, wall paintings, television commercials, billboards, short animations, video films, essay writing, debates, etc in order to aware more people of the society. It also involved some famous celebrities for more awareness. This campaign is supported by the various government and non-government organizations in India. This scheme has played a great role in spreading awareness regarding save girl child all over the county as well as improving the status of girl child in the Indian society.

Each and every citizen of the India must follow all the rules and regulations made for saving the girl child as well as improving the position in the society. Girls should be considered as equal as boys by their parents and given same opportunities in all the working areas.

Save Girl Child Essay 6 (400 words)

The existence of human race on the earth is impossible without the equal participation of both, man and woman. Both are equally responsible for the existence of human race on the earth as well as growth and development of any country. However, there is no doubt in saying that a woman is more necessary than man as without her we cannot think about the continuation of human race as she gives birth to human. So, girl children are not killed, they should be saved, respected and given equal opportunities to go ahead. They are the source of root creation and help in shaping destiny of civilization. However, women have been the victim of female foeticide, rape, sexual harassment, dowry deaths, etc in her own shaped civilization. How shame is this!

Why to Save Girl Child

A girl child should be saved by people in the society for various reasons:

• They are not less capable than boys in any field and give their best.
• Female foeticide is illegal crime since 1961 and has been banned in order to stop sex-selective abortions. People should follow all the rules very strictly made to save girl child.
• Girls become more obedient than boys and have been proved less violent and arrogant.
• They have been proved much responsible for their family, job, society or country.
• They become much caring to their parents and devoted to their job.
• A woman can be a mother, wife, daughter, sister, etc. Every man should think that his wife is daughter of another man and his daughter would be a wife of another man in future. So, everyone must respect a woman in any form.
• A girl performs her both duties personal as well as professional very loyally which makes her extra special than boys.
• Girls are the ultimate reason of existence of human race.

Steps taken by Government to Save Girl Child

There are various steps taken by the Indian government regarding save the girl child and educate the girl child. The most recent initiative regarding this is Beti Bachao Beti Padhao which is very actively supported by the Government, NGOs, corporate groups, and human rights activists and NGOS. Various social organizations have helped the campaign by building toilet at girl schools. Crimes against girl child and women are big obstruction in the way of India’s growth and development. Female foeticide was one of the big issues however have been banned by the government by the stoppage of ultrasound for sex determination, scan tests, amniocentesis, etc in the hospitals. Government has taken this step to let people know that a girl child is not a sin in the society however; she is a nice gift by God.

A girl child should not be killed, hated or disrespected. She should be saved, loved and respected for the betterment of society and country. She is as equal participant in the development of country as boys.

Related Information:

Speech on Save Girl Child

Slogans on Save Girl Child

Essay on Female Foeticide

Essay on Women Empowerment

Essay on Beti Bachao Beti Padhao

National Girl Child Day

Sukanya Samriddhi Yojana

Beti Bachao Beti Padhao Scheme

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Gender equality through school: providing a safe and inclusive learning environment

Credit: Khumais

Boys and girls must feel welcome in a safe and secure learning environment. Governments, schools, teachers and students all have a part to play in ensuring that schools are free of violence and discrimination and provide a gender-sensitive, good-quality education (Figure 16). To achieve this, governments can develop nondiscriminatory curricula, facilitate teacher education and make sure sanitation facilities are adequate. Schools are responsible for addressing school-related violence and providing comprehensive health education. Teachers should follow professional norms regarding appropriate disciplinary practices and provide unbiased instruction. And students must behave in a non-violent, inclusive way.

FIGURE 16: Who is responsible for what in ensuring gender equality through school

NATIONAL AND SCHOOL POLICIES SHOULD TARGET SCHOOL-RELATED VIOLENCE

School-related violence is a pervasive issue in some countries. Violence can be physical, psychological or sexual; it can occur on school grounds, in transit or in cyberspace; and it may include bullying, corporal punishment, verbal and emotional abuse, intimidation, sexual harassment and assault, gang activity and the presence of weapons among students. It is often perpetrated as a result of gender norms and stereotypes and enforced by unequal power dynamics. It was estimated that, globally, approximately 246 million girls and boys experienced some form of school-related violence in 2014 (UNGEI, 2017).

While the vast majority of teachers are caring professionals who put the best interest of their students first, some abuse their position of power. In West and Central African countries, sexual abuse and exploitation by teachers, school staff and others in position of authority is common practice (Antonowicz, 2010). Sexual violence happens frequently in many schools in South Africa but crimes are rarely investigated and prosecution rates are low (HRW, 2016). In the United Republic of Tanzania, over half of girls and boys who had experienced physical abuse identified a teacher as an abuser (HakiElimu, 2017). In Samoa, 41% of children surveyed in 2013 indicated that they had experienced violence at the hands of their teacher (Office of the Ombudsman and NHRI Samoa, 2015).

Some countries, including Chile, Fiji, Finland, Peru, the Republic of Korea and Sweden, have passed legislation on violence in educational institutions (UNESCO, 2015c, 2017b). The 2013 Anti-Bullying Act in the Philippines requires all schools to adopt policies to prevent and address acts of bullying. It explicitly refers to gender-based bullying, which is described as any act that humiliates or excludes a person on the basis of perceived or actual sexual orientation and gender identity. Yet in the following year just 38% of schools had adopted child protection or anti-bullying policies. The low rate highlighted a lack of communication and a weak monitoring framework.

The Department of Education responded by issuing a memorandum to clarify submission requirements and is working to build implementation capacity (UNESCO, 2015c). Teacher education and codes of conduct can help change teacher attitudes and behaviours. In South Sudan, the UNICEF Communities Care programme engaged with teachers to challenge norms that enable sexual violence and brought about some shifts in teacher attitudes and behaviours (UNGEI, 2017). The Doorways programme in Burkina Faso, Ghana and Malawi trained upper primary and lower secondary school teachers on children’s rights and responsibilities, alternative teaching practices, basic counselling and listening skills, awareness of sexual harassment at school and teacher code of conduct (DevTech Systems, 2008; Queen et al., 2015). The Communication for Change project trained teachers in the Democratic Republic of Congo to act as first responders when they witnessed school-related gender-based violence. The share of participating teachers who were aware of how to prevent gender-based violence in school increased from 56% to 95% after the intervention (C-Change, 2013). Teacher codes of conduct are generally written by teacher unions to guide their members. They promote professional accountability by giving peers a way to hold each other to account for adhering to norms (Poisson, 2009). A recent survey by Education International found that teacher codes of conduct were present in 26 of 50 countries surveyed (EI, 2017). A separate review of 24 countries found that over half of teachers believed the code of conduct had a very significant impact in reducing misconduct (McKelvie-Sebileau, 2011).

Teacher codes of conduct can be effective in reducing school-related gender-based violence if they explicitly refer to violence and abuse and include clear breach reporting and enforcement protocols. Mongolia’s Teachers Code of Ethics for General Education Schools and Kindergartens contains a section on teacher ethical norms, which specifies that teachers should protect student’s health and well-being, including from sexual abuse, and should ensure equal participation without discrimination, including on the basis of sex (Steiner-Khamsi and Batjargal, 2017). Kenya has a range of penalties for breach of professional conduct, including suspension and interdiction. Teachers convicted of sexual offences against students are deregistered (Kenya Teachers Service Commission, 2013). However, even when they exist, these codes are not always successfully disseminated.

The implementation of Ethiopia’s Code of Conduct on Prevention of School-Related Gender-Based Violence in Schools has been patchy. Some school staff reportedly lacked commitment to or a sense of ownership of the code (Parkes et al., 2017). Students are also responsible for ensuring their behaviour does not impinge on others’ right to education (UNICEF and UNESCO, 2007). Schools are increasingly implementing prevention-oriented models to teach students acceptable strategies for interacting with their peers (Horner et al., 2010). These models set clear guidelines for students and define consistent instruction, record-keeping and follow-up procedures for teachers and other adults, such as administrative and custodial staff, playground supervisors, cafeteria workers and parent and community volunteers (Lewis et al., 2014).

Students are more likely to show positive social behaviours and reduce negative behaviours after the implementation of such programmes (Durlak et al., 2011). There is also increasing evidence linking improved social skills to academic achievement (Horner et al., 2010). While these codes of conduct are mostly used in Europe and North America (Sklad et al., 2012), Asian countries such as Singapore have also begun adopting them (Durlak et al., 2011).

GENDER-SENSITIVE FACILITIES CAN INCREASE THE TIME GIRLS SPEND IN SCHOOL

Inadequate sanitation facilities for girls during menstruation can have a negative effect on school attendance. Among 145 countries with data, primary school access to basic sanitation facilities was below 50% in 28 countries, 17 of them in sub-Saharan Africa. Only limited data are available on whether girls have separate facilities, let alone whether the facilities are functional or well maintained. In only 9 of 44 countries did more than 75% of primary schools have single-sex facilities; in Benin and Comoros, under 5% of schools had single-sex facilities. An estimated one in ten African girls miss school during menstruation (HRW, 2016).

Regulations requiring separate toilet facilities for boys and girls can help. Yet analysis of regulations in 71 education systems by the GEM Report team shows that only 61% required sex-separate facilities for public schools and 66% for private schools (UNESCO, 2017a). Regulations alone are not sufficient to ensure facilities are available. Although separate sanitation facilities are mandated by regulations in Bangladesh, a survey found that in 2014 only 12% of girls reported access to female-only toilets with water and soap available. Combined with a lack of waste bins, the poor facilities contributed to girls missing school during menstruation. Two in five girls were absent during menstruation for an average of three days during each cycle (Alam et al., 2014). Girls in Haiti have reported having to go home to change the materials they use to manage their menstruation, resulting in lost instructional time (HRW, 2016).

School inspections play a key role in ensuring that schools adhere to regulations. However, inspections do not always take gender issues into account. In Sweden, the school inspectorate takes gender equality into consideration (Heikkilä, 2016) and in the United Kingdom inspectors evaluate equal opportunities in the classroom and whether the school provides an inclusive environment for boys and girls (Rogers, 2014). By contrast, gender issues are rarely included in inspections in Bangladesh, with sex-separate sanitation facilities only occasionally observed (Chatterley et al., 2014). In any case, inspectorates are severely constrained by human resource shortages in many poor countries. For instance, in Mvomero district, United Republic of Tanzania, although 80% of schools are supposed to be inspected annually, only one in five schools were inspected in 2013 (Holvoet, 2015).

GENDER EQUALITY IN EDUCATION REQUIRES UNBIASED CURRICULA AND TEXTBOOKS

To facilitate gender-responsive instruction, curricula and textbooks should be free from gender bias and promote equality in gender relations. How students perceive themselves and how they project their role in society is shaped to some extent by what they experience at school, including by how they are represented in textbooks.

Comprehensive sexuality education

School-based comprehensive sexuality education programmes equip children and young people with empowering knowledge, skills and attitudes. In many contexts, programmes focus almost exclusively on HIV as a motivator to encourage students to delay sexual activity and have fewer sexual partners and less frequent sexual contacts (Fonner et al., 2014). However, international guidelines and standards, along with emerging evidence about factors influencing programme effectiveness, increasingly stress the value of a comprehensive approach centred on gender and human rights (Ketting and Winkelmann, 2013). A review of 22 studies showed that comprehensive sexuality education programmes that addressed gender power relations were five times more likely to be effective in reducing rates of sexually transmitted infections and unintended pregnancy than those that did not (Haberland, 2015).

In 2009, UNESCO and other UN agencies published the revised International Technical Guidance on Sexual Education to provide an evidence-based, age-appropriate set of topics and learning objectives for comprehensive sexuality education programmes for students aged 5 to 18 (UNESCO, 2009). In 2010, the International Planned Parenthood Federation adopted a rights-based approach in its Framework for Comprehensive Sexuality Education, and the WHO Regional Office for Europe produced Standards for Sexuality Education in Europe as a framework for policy-makers and education and health authorities (WHO Regional Office for Europe and BZgA, 2010). Nearly ten years after the original report, UNESCO’s revised guidance expands coverage to both school-based and out-of-school programmes with a strong focus on human rights, gender equality and skills building. The guidance can act as both an advocacy and accountability tool for programme implementers, NGOs, and youth (UNESCO, 2018).

A 2015 review of the status of comprehensive sexuality education in 48 countries found that almost 80% had supportive policies or strategies. Despite this political will, a significant gap remained between policies and implementation (UNESCO, 2015b). In western and central Africa, UNESCO’s Sexuality Education Review and Assessment Tool was used to assess 10 out of 13 national sexuality education programmes. Fewer than half the curricula met global standards for required content for all age groups, with gender and social norms identified as the weakest areas (Herat et al., 2014; UNESCO and UNFPA, 2012).

Recent studies in Ghana and Kenya provided evidence of gaps in content and delivery. The Kenya study covered 78 public and private secondary schools. While 75% of teachers reported teaching all topics of a comprehensive sexuality education programme, only 2% of students reported learning all topics. Only 20% learned about types of contraceptive methods, and even fewer learned how to use and where to get them (Figure 17). In some cases, incomplete and sometimes inaccurate information was taught. Almost 60% of teachers incorrectly taught that condoms alone were not effective in pregnancy prevention (Sidze et al., 2017). Moreover, 71% of teachers emphasized abstinence as the best or only method to prevent pregnancy and sexually transmitted diseases, and most depicted sex as dangerous or immoral for young people.

FIGURE 17: In Kenya, only one in five students reported learning about contraceptive methods

Barriers to effective implementation of comprehensive programmes include lack of well-trained teachers, poor support of schools, weak regulation and supervision of policy implementation, opposition from religious and conservative groups, and culturally imposed silence about sexuality. In the Ghana study, 77% of teachers reported lacking resources or teaching materials. A smaller share reported conflicts, embarrassment or opposition from the community or students on moral or religious grounds (Awusabo-Asare et al., 2017).

Textbooks increasingly cover gender issues but progress is insufficient

Self-reporting from governments in Cuba, Estonia, Finland, Mexico, Nicaragua, Slovenia and Spain indicates that gender equality is integrated into national school curricula (UN Human Rights Council, 2017). The Ministry of Education, Culture, Science equality as one of the key values in its new core curriculum (Steiner-Khamsi and Batjargal, 2017).

Over the past 50 years, mentions of women and women’s rights in textbooks have increased (Bromley et al., 2016; Nakagawa and Wotipka, 2016). Nevertheless, in many countries women remain under-represented or, when included, are relegated to traditional roles such as housework and childcare (UNESCO, 2016a). Women accounted for only 37% of images in primary and secondary school textbooks in the Islamic Republic of

Iran in 2006–2007 (Paivandi, 2008) and across nine Jordanian secondary school history books only 21% of images were female. From Sweden to the Syrian Arab Republic, despite governments explicitly identifying the importance of gender equality in textbooks, women and men were still routinely portrayed in a stereotypical manner (Bromley et al., 2016).

Both governments and civil society can act to reduce textbook biases. The Human Rights Council has made it clear that ‘states have an obligation to periodically review and revise curricula, textbooks, programmes and teaching methods to ensure that they do not perpetuate harmful gender stereotypes’ (UN Human Rights Council, 2017). Some states include an explicit gender analysis as part of their textbook and review process. In Viet Nam, the National Strategy on Gender Equality for 2011–2020 specifies that textbook content should be reviewed for gender stereotypes (UNESCO, 2016c). In Ghana, the Textbook Development and Distribution Policy for Pre-tertiary Education included gender sensitivity as one of the main criteria for evaluating textbook proposals (Ghana MOE, 2001). By contrast, the Pakistan National Textbook and Learning Materials Policy and Plan of Action does not mention gender as a criterion of textbook review, referring instead to ‘quality of content, presentation, language and specific provincial coverage’ (Pakistan MOE, 2007).

Textbook monitoring by parents and civil society can be effective. In South Africa, a parent’s question posted on Facebook in July 2016 inspired a petition that ultimately led the textbook publisher to amend and issue an apology for content that promoted blaming the victim for sexual assault (Davies, 2016).

TEACHER EDUCATION CAN HELP ADDRESS UNDERLYING GENDER BIASES

Aside from the influence of official curricula and textbooks, teacher practice in the classroom is partly shaped by their assumptions and stereotypes about gender, which in turn affects students’ beliefs and learning. In Australia, female teachers felt particularly responsible for boys’ underachievement relative to male teachers (Hodgetts, 2010). In the United States, anxiety expressed by female mathematics teachers was associated with female students’ belief in the stereotype that boys are better at mathematics (Beilock et al., 2010).

Teacher education can assist teachers to reflect on and overcome their biases. Formal initiatives in teacher education with a focus on gender have taken place in Italy, the Republic of Moldova and Sudan (OHCHR, 2015). In Spain, the University of Oviedo requires teacher candidates to complete a mandatory course on gender and education (Bourn et al., 2017). In Ankara, Turkey preservice teachers that took a semester long course on gender equity in education developed more gender sensitive attitudes (Erden, 2009).

In low and middle income countries, teacher education programmes are often externally funded. The UNESCO Regional Bureau in Bangkok has recently funded a five-year project, Enhancing Girls’ and Women’s Right to Quality Education through Gender Sensitive Policy Making, Teacher Development and Pedagogy, which focuses on training participants from Cambodia, Myanmar, Nepal, Sri Lanka and Uzbekistan to conduct gender assessments in teacher education (UNESCO, 2016b).

In Karamoja region, Uganda, the UNICEF Gender Socialization in Schools programme trained over 1,000 primary school teachers to enhance their knowledge, attitudes and practices related to gender equality promotion and conflict resolution. The initial training lasted for two days and was followed by two refresher training sessions. A subset of teachers received reinforcing text messages reminding them of examples of good practice. However, while the programme improved teachers’ knowledge and attitudes on gender equality, classroom practices did not become more gender-responsive (American Institutes for Research and UNICEF, 2016; El-Bushra and Smith, 2016).

Nigeria updated its teacher education curriculum in 2012, in part to address gender issues (Unterhalter et al., 2015). While a policy is in place to ensure minimum standards on gender equality, a survey of 4,500 student teachers in 2014 showed that very few had an in-depth understanding of what gender equality in education might mean, while many were hostile to women’s participation in public life and any form of social engagement. Among respondents employed following graduation, teachers reported receiving no professional development on gender, a point echoed by other colleagues at the schools where they taught. Teachers who had the most egalitarian ideas about gender reported themselves the most frustrated of respondents and said that they were unable to put their ideas into practice (Unterhalter et al., 2017).

The examples from Uganda and Nigeria highlight some of the challenges in changing teacher practices. To be effective, teacher education and training need to be continuous to recognize the time it takes for such practices to change. They also need to incorporate other stakeholders to help build a more supportive environment.

Essay on Save Girl Child: Empowering the Future, One Daughter at a Time in English for Students Exams

January 14, 2024 entranciology Full Essays and Articles For All Competitive Exams 0

The phrase “Save Girl Child” encapsulates a crucial call to action aimed at addressing the widespread issue of female foeticide and gender-based discrimination. In many parts of the world, including India, the birth of a girl child is often met with societal biases and prejudices, leading to practices that undermine the value of female lives. It is imperative to recognize the importance of saving and nurturing the girl child to build a society that upholds equality, justice, and the potential for greatness in every individual.

Female Foeticide and Gender Imbalance

The practice of female foeticide, where female fetuses are selectively aborted due to a preference for male children, remains a significant issue in various societies. This practice not only deprives girls of the right to life but also contributes to a skewed gender ratio, creating long-term societal imbalances.

Education as Empowerment

Saving the girl child involves not only preserving her life but also providing equal opportunities for education. Education is a powerful tool that empowers girls, enabling them to break the chains of ignorance and contribute meaningfully to society. When girls are educated, they become catalysts for positive change, driving progress in their communities and beyond.

Eradicating Discrimination and Stereotypes

Societal attitudes and stereotypes often perpetuate discrimination against girls. Challenging these stereotypes and fostering an environment where girls are treated with respect and given equal opportunities are crucial steps in saving the girl child. Breaking down gender-based biases opens doors to a more inclusive and just society.

Healthcare and Nutrition

Ensuring the well-being of girl children involves providing adequate healthcare and nutrition. Access to proper healthcare facilities, nutrition, and sanitation are essential for the physical and mental development of girls. A healthy girl child grows into a capable and productive member of society.

Legal Protection and Empowerment

Legal frameworks play a vital role in protecting the rights of the girl child. Stringent laws against female foeticide, child marriage, and other forms of gender-based violence are crucial. Empowering girls through legal protection ensures that they can grow up in a safe and supportive environment.

Community Awareness and Sensitization

Saving the girl child requires widespread community awareness and sensitization programs. These initiatives aim to challenge deep-rooted biases, promote gender equality, and encourage communities to value and celebrate the birth of a girl child. Changing societal perceptions is fundamental to fostering a culture that embraces diversity.

Economic Independence

Economic independence is a key factor in empowering the girl child. By providing opportunities for skill development, vocational training, and employment, girls can become financially self-reliant. Economic empowerment not only enhances their status within the family but also contributes to the overall economic growth of the community.

Saving the girl child is not just a slogan; it is a commitment to building a society that respects the inherent worth and potential of every individual, regardless of gender. The empowerment of girls is an investment in the future, as educated, healthy, and empowered girls grow into women who contribute significantly to the well-being and progress of their communities. By dismantling discriminatory practices and fostering a culture of equality, we can ensure that every girl child has the opportunity to fulfill her potential and contribute to the betterment of society as a whole.

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Speech on Save Girl Child In English For Students

A girl child is considered to be a blessing. She can be a mother, a daughter, a friend, and so on, and yet she is not respected and abused both mentally and physically. There are a lot of crimes that are committed against the girl child. 

Below two speeches are given which helps in understanding the crimes committed against the girl child, so an initiative that could be taken to save a girl child and why it is important to save a girl child. The long save girl child speech is of 600 words and short speech on save girl child is of 400 words.

Long Speech on Save Girl Child 

Good morning everyone! Today I am going to talk about the important topic of saving a girl child in India. What does ‘saving’ imply here? Does that mean they are in danger? The answer is yes. India is a country where on one hand everybody with devotion in their hearts workshop goddesses and on another hand, various crimes are committed against a girl child like female foeticide, no equal right, eve-teasing, child marriage, rape, and the list goes on. 

As we know, a girl child is a blessing. She plays many roles in her life. She could be a daughter, a wife, a sister, a friend, and so on. She is considered to be the pillar that runs the home and yet she is not given the respect she deserves. 

There are many societies in India where gender discrimination still exists to this date. People in these societies are uneducated and they do not consider girls to be equal to boys. In these societies naturally, women’s rights are a mere joke and gender discrimination and oppression are at their peak. 

In India, female foeticide is a worrying practice where a girl child is killed even before she is born that is the reason why finding the sex of a child before birth is banned in India. Even if the girl child is lucky enough and allowed to born in such societies, she has to fight for her survival where a lot of discrimination is done against her. She is oppressed and not provided with proper nutrition compared to her male siblings. She is not given any opportunity to attend school instead she is forced to do household work. This cycle of oppression will continue as long as these uneducated people are not removed from society. 

Female foeticide, child marriage, no women’s rights, and rapes are the crimes committed against girls and women. According to a report by the National crime record bureau(NCRB), India recorded 88 rape cases every day in 2019. The security of women and girl children is a series of questions which doesn’t seem to have a definite answer but only excuses.

So, the next question that eventually comes to everyone’s mind is how a girl child is saved?. The government of India is also concerned with girls’ safety and the declining child sex ratio and has launched various schemes like Beti Bachao Beti padhao, Sukanya Samriddhi Yojana, Balika Samriddha Yojana, and national schemes of incentives to girls for secondary education. 

The Primary Aim of All These Schemes is-

Ensuring a girl child is provided with an opportunity to get an education.

Preventions of selective gender-based abortions as it is vastly committed in remote villages. 

The schemes ensure the survival of a girl child and provide security to her life when she is an infant. 

To provide a girl child a healthy and secure environment to live and grow. 

I want to conclude my speech by saying that Dr BR Ambedkar, the architect of the Indian constitution once said: “I measure the progress of the community by the degree of progress which women have achieved”. We have to take small steps and protect the girl child when she is born. After her birth, it should be ensured that she is provided with proper nutrition and education so that she realizes her dreams. By celebrating, protecting, and educating the girl child we empower her. Last but not least we should remember that a country that empowers women empowers every individual. Thank you!

Short Speech on Save Girl Child

Good morning everyone! Today I am going to give a short speech on saving girl children. India is a country where on one hand everybody with devotion in their hearts workshop goddesses and on another hand, various crimes are committed against a girl child like female foeticide, no equal right, eve-teasing, child marriage, rape, and the list goes on. 

As we all know how important a girl child is to society. She plays many important roles like a mother, a daughter, a wife, and so on. She is considered to be the pillar that maintains the peace of the house and yet she is disrespected and abused mentally and physically.

There are many societies in India that are governed by uneducated people where gender discrimination and oppression of girl children is still practice. People in such societies consider a girl child not equal to a male child and basic women rights are rejected for women. Female foeticide is the major crime that is committed even before the girl child is born and if she is lucky enough she is allowed to be born yet she has to fight for her survival.

No food with good nutrition value is provided to her and she grows she is ignored of her right to education and instead she is made to do household chores and before she knows a child marriage is done to her. It surprises me to see the people’s mindset where they consider a girl child to be a servant and when she is old enough she should only produce children. This cycle will repeat as long as there are these uneducated people in society who have such a mindset. 

The government of India is also concerned with girls’ safety and the declining child sex ratio and has launched various schemes like Beti Bachao Beti padhao, Sukanya Samriddhi Yojana, Balika Samriddha Yojana, and national schemes of incentives to girls for secondary education. All these schemes ensure that a girl child is provided with a good environment where she is loved, cared and motivated to achieve her dreams by providing her quality education. 

I want to conclude my speech by saying that Dr. BR Ambedkar, the architect of the Indian constitution once said: “I measure the progress of the community by the degree of progress which women have achieved”. We have to take a small step towards a new India where a girl child is protected from the moment she is born. She should be loved and cared for by the people around her. 

Only by celebrating, protecting, and educating a girl child, we could empower her. This could be done by spreading awareness and changing the mindset of people so that they should welcome a girl child with happiness when she is born. Providing education to all girls and encouraging them to study further so that they could contribute to the growth of the country. Last but not least is to support the women who oppose the violence against them and to create a safe environment for all the women where they feel at home. Thank you!

10 Lines on Save Girl Child Speech in English

Girl child is a blessing. She plays many roles in her life. She could be a daughter, a wife, a sister, a friend, and so on.

She is considered to be the pillar that runs the home and yet she is not given the respect she deserves. 

There are many societies in India where gender discrimination still exists to this date.

In these societies naturally, women’s rights are a mere joke and gender discrimination and oppression are at their peak. 

Female foeticide, child marriage, no women’s rights, and rapes are the crimes committed against girls and women.

According to a report by the National crime record bureau (NCRB), India recorded 88 rape cases every day in 2019.

After a girl child is born, she has to survive on her own where she is not given permission to study and is forced to do household work all-day.

The government of India is also concerned with girls’ safety and the declining child sex ratio and has launched various schemes like Beti Bachao Beti padhao, Sukanya Samriddhi Yojana, Balika Samriddha Yojana.

These schemes ensure that a girl child is provided with a good environment where she is loved, cared and motivated to achieve her dreams by providing her quality education. 

The main aim should be to provide education to all girls and encourage them to study further so that they could contribute to the growth of the country. 

Some Reforms For Saving Girl Child

Beti bachao beti padhao.

Beti Bachao Beti Padhao is a national government program running for the welfare of girl children, these programs operate across the country. The main purpose of the program is to save the girl child from social unfairness and sick practices such as abortion and to give a push to the education of girls throughout the country.

The key objectives of the girls' welfare program include:

Prohibition and Prevention of abortions on the gender biases.

This program ensures the survival and protection of the baby girl at an early age.

This program ensures the education and involvement of the girl child in all activities.

Sukanya Samriddhi Yojana

Sukanya Samriddhi Yojana is a special government-sponsored savings program that includes a girl child as the primary bank account manager while the parent / legal guardian jointly manages the bank account. A parent can open this account before the infant is eleven years old and must be paid fifteen years after opening the account.

The following are some of the key features and benefits of investing in the Sukanya Samriddhi Yojana account:

This government scheme provides flexible deposit options with initial deposits as low as Rs. 1000 up to Rs. 1.5 lakh per year.

The current fixed return rate is 7.6% from Q1 (April-June) FY 2021-22.

This government scheme provides profit tax deduction under section 80C of the IT Act 1961.

This government scheme provides full tax-free investments such as capital investment, maturity amount and interest earned are all exempt.

Balika Samriddhi Yojana

Balika Samriddhi Yojana is an educational program designed to provide financial assistance to young girls and their mothers who are living below the poverty line. The main objective of the program is to uplift their social status, push the girls' age of marriage which is done at a very early age and improve enrollment and retention of girls in schools.

Features and benefits of Balika Samriddhi Yojana

This program for the benefit of girls is available in cities and rural areas.

After the birth of the baby, the mother of the girl child is given a gift of Rs. 500.

A girl child can get an annual scholarship for Rs. 300 to Rs. 1000, when she starts going to school,

The government allows the withdrawal of the remaining amount of money when the girl child turns 18 years old or is unmarried.  

CBSE Udaan Scheme

The CBSE Udaan Girls Program is run by the Central Education Board by the Department of Human Resource Development, Government of India. The program aims to increase the enrollment of girls in prestigious engineering and technical colleges throughout India.

The program incorporates efforts to develop literacy skills with a special focus on female students from economically disadvantaged sections of society.

The following are the key features of the CBSE Udaan Scheme:

Virtual communication classes on weekends for female students of grades 11th and 12th.

Opportunities for peer education and mentoring for girls who have done well.

Reading aids to clarify student doubts.

Regular monitoring and tracking of student progress.

FAQs on Speech on Save Girl Child

1. What are some measures required to be adopted for saving a girl child?

We need to start taking important steps with the following guidelines:

We spread awareness and change the way we think to ensure that communities and families embrace and celebrate daughters.

Provide Education for all girls.

Build safety in the environment for all women and give impetus to support women's resistance to violence.

Honoring and celebrating women in the world of work and bringing the community, the private sector and government together.

Be careful, redistribute and reduce maintenance work.

Ensuring decent work, decent and equitable wages and a safe working environment for women.

2. What is the need of protecting a girl child?

When the crowd utters Beti Padhao, the Beti Bachao Scheme loudly they mean to teach a girl and keep a girl with all the possible amenities and facilities that a girl child must have. It is an ambitious Indian Government program aimed at raising awareness, improving the quality of social services for women and helping them (girls) and women have better access to these services which will uplift their standard of living soon. Therefore, the citizens are required to understand the needs of the girls and act accordingly in a responsible manner.

3. Why is a girl's education important?

A girl child needs to be taught to acquire the knowledge and skills needed to develop her social skills and self-development. The education of the girl child also prepares her to face the realities of society and teaches her to be a loyal wife and mother. Education is the process of giving information to a person to help him or her develop physically, mentally, socially, emotionally, politically and economically. Education is the process by which people are made active members of their community.

4. What are some rights that a girl should be aware of?

Following are the rights all girls should be aware of:

The Right against the Killing of Women - As the foeticide of females, that is, the killing of the female fetus in the womb itself, skyrocketed, the government banned prenatal determination of gender. Therefore, a person cannot determine the gender of an unborn child until it is born.

The Right to Education - The Education Rights Act, 2009, gives all children between the ages of six and 14, the right to free and compulsory education.

The Right to Grow in a Safe Environment - All children have the right to be raised in a safe, secure environment.

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Essay on Save Girl Child for Children and Students

Table of Contents

Save girl child is an awareness campaign to save the girl child in India by ensuring their safety as well as to stop the crime against girl child especially female foeticide and gender inequality. Essay on Save Girl Child for Children and Students.

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Long and Short Essay on Save Girl Child in English

Women are the most important section of the society and equally participate in the life existence on the earth. However, regular decrease in the sex ratio of female in India because of the crimes against women, it has created the fear of total finish of women. So, it is very necessary to save girl child in order to maintain the ratio of women in India.

It has been a most important topic as a social awareness in the Indian society which youths of the country must know about. In order to enhance the writing skill and knowledge of the students, teachers assign them this topic to write only paragraph or complete essay in the classroom, during exam or any competition organized for the essay writing.

Following essay on save girl child are especially written for the students. They can choose any save girl child essay according to their need and requirement:

Save Girl Child Essay 1 (100 words)

Girls are equally as important as boys in the society to maintain the social equilibrium. Few years ago, there was huge reduction in the number of women in comparison to the man. It was so because of the increasing crimes against women such as female foeticide, dowry deaths, rape, poverty, illiteracy, gender discrimination and many more. To equalize the number of women in the society, it is very necessary to aware people greatly about the save girl child. Government of India has taken some positive steps regarding save girl child such as protection of women from domestic violence act 2005, ban of female infanticide, immoral traffic (prevention) act, proper education, gender equality, etc.

Save Girl Child Essay 2 (150 words)

Save girl child topic has been the focus of attention of everyone all over the India in order to improve the overall social and economic status of women. Following are some initiatives launched by the central or state government regarding save girl child:

• In order to protect the girl child, a Ladli Scheme was launched and implemented by the Delhi & Haryana Government in 2008. The aim of this scheme was controlling female foeticide as well as improving status of girl child through education and equal gender rights.
• Sabla Scheme launched by the Ministry of Women and Child Development in 2011 aiming to empower adolescent girls through education.
• Dhanalakshmi Scheme was launched in 2008 by the Ministry of Women and Child Development aiming to provide cash transfer to the family of girl child after birth, registration, and immunization.
• Kishori Shakti Yojna was launched by the Ministry of Women and Child Development aiming to improve nutritional and health condition of adolescent girls.
• Sukanya Samridhi Yojana was launched to ensure equitable share to a girl child by the family.
• Beti Bachao, Beti Padhao (means save girl child and educate girl child) scheme was launched in 2015 for the welfare of women.

Save Girl Child Essay 3 (200 words)

Save girl child is a most important social awareness topic now-a-days regarding the saving of girl child all through the country. There are various effective measures following which girl child can be saved to a great extent.

Essay on Save Girl Child for Children and Students.

Education is deeply linked to the employment. Low education means low employment which leads to the poverty and gender inequality in the society. Education is the most effective step forward to improve women status as it makes them financially independent. Save girl child step is taken by the government to ensure the equal rights and opportunities for women in the society. Bollywood actor (Parineeti Chopra) has been an official brand ambassador of the recent scheme of PM for save girl child (Beti Bachao, Beti Padhao).

Save Girl Child Essay 4 (250 words)

Introduction

The status of girls in the Indian society has been greatly debated for many years. Girls are generally believed to be involved in the cooking and playing with dolls while boys to be involved in the education and other physical activities from the ancient time. Such old beliefs of men have simulated them for violence against women which resulted in the continuous decrease in the number of girl child in the society. So, there is a big need to save girl child in order to equalize the ratio of both as well ensure the development of country.

Effective Steps regarding Save Girl Child

Following are the various effective steps to save girl child:

• The position of girl child in Indian society is backward since ages because of the extreme desire of parents for the boy-child. It has created gender inequality in the society and has been very necessary to remove by bringing gender equality.
• Extreme poverty in the society has created social evil against women as dowry system which worsens the situation of women. Parents generally think that girls are only to spend money that’s why they kill girl child before or after birth in many ways (female infanticide, dowry deaths, etc). Such issues need to be removed urgently in order to save girl child.
• Illiteracy is another issue which can be removed through proper education system for both genders.
• Empowering women is the most effective tool to save girl child.
• People should be aware through some effective campaigns regarding save the girl child.
• A girl child is unsafe inside as well as outside the mother’s womb. She has fear in many ways all through the life with the men whom she gives birth. She is ruled by the men whom she gives birth and it is totally the matter of laugh and shame for us. Education is the best tool to bring revolution of saving and respecting a girl child.
• A girl child should be given equal access and opportunities in every field.
• There should be safety and security arrangement for girls at all the public places.
• Family members of a girl child can be better target to make save the girl child campaign successful.

Save girl child is not taken by the people as topic only, it is a social awareness which should be taken very seriously. People should save girl child and respect girl child as they have power to create a whole world. They are equally needed for the growth and development of any country.

Save Girl Child Essay 5 (300 words)

Girls have been the victim of many crimes in India for years. The most fearful crime was female foeticide in which girls were killed in the womb of mother after sex determination through ultrasound. Save the girl child campaign has been launched by the government to end the gender-selective abortions of female fetus as well as other crimes against girl child.

Effects of Female Foeticide on Girl Child Ratio Reduction

Female foeticide was one of the most fearful acts through sex-selective abortion in the hospital. It was developed in India by the people’s more interest in the boy child than the female child. It has reduced the girl child sex ratio in India to a great extent. Female Foeticide made possible in the country because of the Ultrasound technology. It took a form of giant demon because of the gender discrimination and inequality for girls in the society.

A huge reduction in the female sex ratio was noticed after the national census of 1991. Then it was declared as a worsening problem of the society after the national census of 2001. However, reduction in female population was continued till 2011. Later, this practice was banned strictly by the government in order to control the ratio of female child.

In Madhya Pradesh, the ratio was 932 girls/1000 boys in 2001 however reduced to 912/1000 in 2011. It means, it still continues somewhere and may be it reduced to 900/1000 by 2021. Essay on Save Girl Child for Children and Students.

Role of Beti Bachao Beti Padhao awareness Campaign

Beti Bachao, Beti Padhao is a scheme which means save the girl child and educate the girl child. This scheme was launched by the Government of India on 22 January 2015 to create awareness for the girl child. This campaign was started by organizing some activities such as big rallies, wall painting, television commercials, billboards, short animations, video films, essay writing, debates etc. to make more and more people aware of the society. It also involved some famous celebrities for more awareness. This campaign is supported by the various government and non-government organizations in India. This scheme has played a great role in spreading awareness regarding save girl child all over the county as well as improving the status of girl child in the Indian society.

Each and every citizen of the India must follow all the rules and regulations made for saving the girl child as well as improving the position in the society. Girls should be considered as equal as boys by their parents and given same opportunities in all the working areas. Essay on Save Girl Child for Children and Students.

Save Girl Child Essay 6 (400 words)

The existence of human race on the earth is impossible without the equal participation of both, man and woman.

So, girl children are not killed, they should be saved, respected and given equal opportunities to go ahead. They are the source of root creation and help in shaping destiny of civilization. However, women have been the victim of female foeticide, rape, sexual harassment, dowry deaths, etc in her own shaped civilization. How shame is this!

Why to Save Girl Child

A girl child should be saved by people in the society for various reasons:

• They are not less capable than boys in any field and give their best.
• Female foeticide is illegal crime since 1961 and has been banned in order to stop sex-selective abortions. People should follow all the rules very strictly made to save girl child.
• Girls become more obedient than boys and have been proved less violent and arrogant.
• They have been proved much responsible for their family, job, society or country.
• They become much caring to their parents and devoted to their job.
• A woman can be a mother, wife, daughter, sister, etc. Every man should think that his wife is daughter of another man and his daughter would be a wife of another man in future. So, everyone must respect a woman in any form.
• A girl performs her both duties personal as well as professional very loyally which makes her extra special than boys.
• Girls are the ultimate reason of existence of human race.

Steps taken by Government to Save Girl Child

There are various steps taken by the Indian government regarding save the girl child and educate the girl child. The most recent initiative regarding this is Beti Bachao Beti Padhao which is very actively supported by the government, NGOs, corporate groups and human rights activists. Various social organizations have helped the campaign by building toilet at girl schools. Crimes against girl child and women are big obstruction in the way of India’s growth and development. Government has taken this step to let people know that a girl child is not a sin in the society however; she is a nice gift by God.

A girl child should not be killed, hated or disrespected. She should be saved, loved and respected for the betterment of society and country. She is as equal participant in the development of country as boys.

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Questions unanswered as child protection authorities refuse to release information about death of 3yo in SA

Topic: Children

The child died in Whyalla, about 380 kilometres from Adelaide, in May. ( ABC News: Isabel Dayman )

Child protection authorities say the death of a three-year-old in regional SA is a "significant incident" but are refusing to publicly release information about the case.

The toddler died in May, after her family had contact with SA's Department for Child Protection (DCP).

What's next?

Child Protection Minister Katrine Hildyard told parliament she was unable to say how many safety concern notifications had been made about the girl before she died.

Child protection authorities have declared the death of a three-year-old girl in regional South Australia a "significant incident", but are refusing to publicly release information about the case.

The toddler died in Whyalla in May, after her family had contact with SA's Department for Child Protection (DCP).

Documents released to ABC News under freedom of information laws reveal the department lodged a "significant incident" report on May 10, following the three-year-old's death.

The heavily redacted document states that ambulance officers attended the incident, and police were either in attendance or advised of the death.

The document also shows that the department noted the incident could draw "possible media attention". 

DCP defines a "significant incident" as an event that occurs "as a result of, or during the delivery of, services directly provided or funded by the department, that cause or are likely to cause significant negative impacts on the health, safety or wellbeing of clients, staff of others involved in the event".

According to the department, a "significant incident" can be triggered by the death of a child in state care, or the death of a child who "has been known to the department through a previous notification of abuse/neglect".

Documents released to the ABC reveal that the department had noted the incident could draw "possible media attention". ( ABC News: Che Chorley )

ABC News asked the department whether the three-year-old girl was in state care at the time of her death, what caused her death, and why a significant incident report was made.

A department spokesperson refused to directly respond to the questions. 

Among the questions the department was asked but refused to answer were: When did the girl die, what was the cause of death, why was a significant incident report made, under what circumstances would a significant incident report be made, and has the department briefed any other government minister or statutory authority about the girl's death.

After publication, the government confirmed the child was not in state care .

Child Protection Minister Katrine Hildyard told state parliament on Thursday that her department was yet to be formally notified of the cause of death.

"The department of course, as I absolutely expect and require them to do, will continue to fulsomely brief me on this matter," she said.

"My thoughts are with the family."

Katrine Hildyard said her department was yet to be formally notified of the cause of death. ( ABC News: Lincoln Rothall  )

Asked how many safety concern notifications had been made about the girl prior to her death, Ms Hildyard said she was unable to say due to "legislative and other requirements" to "keep confidentiality about the circumstances and details of particular families".

"That is the right thing to do … in terms of the expectation around adherence to processes, but also it's the right thing to do for the confidentiality of a particular family," she said.

"That is about treating them with dignity and respect."

DCP said the child's death had been referred to the SA coroner "in line with standard process in SA".

"The death of any child is a tragedy for their family, community and all who knew them," the spokesperson said.

"Significant incident reports are initiated in relation to a range of issues."

SA Police told ABC News in August that it was preparing a report for the coroner.

However, a spokesperson for the coroner declined to confirm whether the death was under investigation.

Opposition calls for more transparency

Additional freedom of information documents released to ABC News show DCP sent two parliamentary briefing notes to SA's child protection minister, Katrine Hildyard, following the girl's death.

Both documents were fully redacted prior to their release.

According to the department, releasing the information would involve "the unreasonable disclosure of information concerning the personal affairs of a person", and would "infringe the privilege of parliament" and would "constitute an offence" under the Child and Young People Act.

Opposition spokesperson, Josh Teague, said while the family's privacy needed to be respected, the government was not being transparent about the circumstances surrounding the girl's death.

The opposition has called on the government to reveal when the girl's family came into contact with DCP and whether any safety concern notifications were made about the girl prior to her death.

Shadow child protection minister Josh Teague says the government is not being transparent about the girl's death. ( ABC News )

"The government needs to be far more transparent in order to recover some semblance of confidence in the South Australian community that the government is actually undertaking its most vital responsibility in terms of the care of South Australia's vulnerable infants and children," Mr Teague said.

"We need to know what has gone on so we can test the department's capacity and the minister's capacity and the government's capacity to look after these vulnerable children.

"The minister has simply stonewalled."

Mr Teague said it could take more than six years for the coroner to release information about the girl's death, if it decided to hold an inquest.

"It's not good enough to have to wait many, many years, before the South Australian community can be informed," he said.

Minister declines to comment while matter is before coroner

A spokesperson for Child Protection Minister Katrine Hildyard said it would be "entirely inappropriate" to comment on the girl's death.

"Given the breadth of his multiple portfolio areas, which include being the shadow attorney-general and shadow minister for child protection, Josh Teague should know that it is entirely inappropriate to provide further comment when a matter is before the coroner," the spokesperson said.

Craig Caldicott says he believes the SA government should be able to provide information on the girl's death. ( ABC News: Ethan Rix )

Co-chair of the Criminal Law Committee with the Law Society of SA and criminal defence lawyer, Craig Caldicott, told ABC Radio Adelaide he believed the government should be able to provide a report, even if the matter has been referred to the coroner.

"I believe that it should be revealed, because at the moment we're dealing with a whole lot of speculation, which is just wrong," he said.

"If it has been referred to the Coroners Court, the only thing I would say about that is there needs to be additional funding so that matters can be expedited in that jurisdiction."

Ms Hildyard told ABC News in August that she was "always notified" about "tragic" incidents.

"The death of any child is absolutely tragic," she said.

"I can't go into any further detail."

SA's Child Death and Serious Injury Review Committee has previously reported that in the 16 years from 2005 and 2020, 473 children died after their families had contact with the state's child protection system.

SA Best MLC Connie Bonaros said there should be more transparency for incidents in the public interest, while maintaining privacy.

"They can't simply keep relying on things like FOIs or annual reports to report on deaths that are in the public interest," she said.