what is hypothesis in research in tagalog

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Ano ang Scientific Method? Paano gumawa ng Hypothesis? Ano hakbang?

Ang scientific method o ang agham na pamamaraan ay isang proseso ng pag eeksperimento na ginagamit upang mapatunayan at mapag-aralan ang pagmamasid at masagot ang iba’t-ibang mga katanungan. Ibig bang sabihin nito na ang lahat ng mga scientists o mananaliksik ay eksaktong sinusunod ang prosesong ito? Hindi. Ang ilang bahagi ng agham ay mas medaling mai-test kaysa iba.

Halimbawa, ang mga scientists na pinag aaralan kung paano magbago ang mga bituin habang tumatanda o kung paano natutunaw ng mga dinosaurs ang kanilang kinakain ay hindi maaaring pabilisin o i-fast forward ang buhay ng isang bituin ng milyon-milyong taon o magsagawa ng mga medikal na eksaminsasyon sa mga kumakaing dinosaurs upang ma kumpirma ang kanilang hinala o hypothesis. Kapag hindi posibleng magsagawa ng direktang pag-eeksperimento, binabago ng mga scientists ang kanilang scientific method. Kaya nga, maaring mayroong kasing daming scientific methods na katumbas sa dami ng mga scientists! Ngunit kahit na ito ay binabago, iisa pa din at hindi nagbabago ang kanilang layunin: ang alamin ang relasyon ng sanhi at epekto sa pamamagitan ng pagsagot sa mga katanungan, maingat na pagkokolekta at pagsusuri ng ebidensya, at pagtingin at pag analisa kung ang lahat ng impormasyong nakalap ay maaaring pagsamasamahin upang bumuho ng makabuluhang sagot.

Kahit na ipinapakita natin ang ating mga scientific methods sa iba’t-ibang magkakasunod na steps, importanteng alalahanin na ang bagong mga impormasyon o pag-iisip ay maaaring magdulot para ulitin at ibahin ng isang scientist ang kanyang direkson o proseso sa kalagitnaan ng kanyang pagsasaliksik. Ang proseso na tulad ng isang scientific method na nangangailangan ng madalas na pagbabago at pag-uulit ay tinatawag na iterative process.

Kahit na ikaw ay gumagawa ng isang proyekto para sa scientific fair, isang gawain sa loob ng silid-aralan, malayang nagsasaliksik o kahit ano pa mang klaseng scientific inquiry, ang pag-iintindi ng konsepto at proseso ng scientific method ay makakatulong para mai-focus moa ng iyong katanungan at maisaayos ang iyong proseso, obserbasyon at impormasyon para masagot ang iyong katanungan sa pinakaepektibong paraan.

Mga hakbang ng Scientific Method

Magtanong: Ang scientific method ay nagsisimula sa pagtatanong tungkol sa isang bagay na iyong napapansin: Paano, Ano, Kailan, Sino, Kung Saan, Bakit o Saan?

Para sa isang proyekto para sa science fair, ang ilang mga guro ay nangangailangan na kung maaari, ang iyong katanungan ay pwedeng masukat gamit ng isang numero.

Magsaliksik sa background: Imbes na umpisahan sa wala ang iyong pagpapalano para masagot ang iyong katanungan, mas mainam na gamitin ang library o magsaliksik sa internet upang matulungan kang maghanap ng pinakamabisang paraan na gawin ang iyong eksperimento at masiguradong hindi mo maulit ang nakaraang pagkakamali ng ibang scientists.

Gumawa ng Teorya o Hypothesis: Ang hypothesis ay isang edukado at lohikal na hula sa kung paano nangyayari ang mga bagay bagay. Ito ay isang tangkang pagsagot sa iyong tanong na may kasamang paliwanag na kayang kayang i-test at patunayan. Ang isang magandang hypothesis ay nagpapahintulot sa iyong gumawa ng isang hula:

“Kung _____ [ginawa koi to]_______, pwes _____________(ito)________ ang mangyayari.”

Kailangan mong sabihin ang iyong hypothesis at ang iyong hula na iyong itetest. Ang mga predictions o hula ay dapat na medaling masukat.

Subukan Ang Iyong Hypothesis sa Pamamagitan ng Isang Eksperimento: Ang iyong eksperimento ang susubok sa iyong hula kung ito ba ay tama at siyang magpapatunay kung tama ba o mali ang iyong hypothesis. Importante para sa iyong eksperimento na maging patas. Makakagawa ka lamang ng patas na eksperimento kung masisiguro mong iisang factor lang ang iyong babaguhin sa bawat beses na ginagawa mo ito at pananatilihin mong pare pareho ang kondisyon ng ibang factors.

Nararapat ding ulitin ang iyong eksperimento ng ilang beses para masiguradong hindi isang aksidente ang unang resulta ng iyong eksperimento.

Analisahin Ang Iyong Impormasyong Nakalap at Gumawa ng Isang Konklusyon: Kapag tapos na ang iyong eksperimento, kolektahin ang lahat ng mga nasukat mong resulta at suriin itong mabuti para malaman kung sumusuporta ba sila sa iyong hypothesis o hindi.

Kalimitang nakikita ng mga scientists na ang kanilang mga hula ay hindi nagkatotoo at hindi nasuportahan ang kanilang hypothesis at sa mga kasng ito ay ipapaalam at ilalathala nila ang kanilang resulta at gagawa ulit ng bagong hypothesis at prediksyon base sa impormasyong natutunan nila sa nakaraang eksperimento. Ito ulit ang magiging simula ng kanilang panibagong scientific method. Kahit na nasuportahan pa ang kanilang hypothesis, mainam ding ulitin nila ulit ito sa bagong paraan naman para mas makompirma ang kanilang resulta.

Ilathala ang Resulta: Para makumpleto ang iyong proyekto para sa Science Fair, kailangang ilathala ang resulta ng iyong eksperimento sa isanng report o display board para mabasa ng iba. Kahit ang mga propersyonal na siyentipiko ay pareho din ang ginagawa sa pamamagitan ng paglathala sa mga scientific journal o sa pag presinta ng mga resulta nila sa isang poster o sa isang diskurso sa isang scientific meeting. Sa isang science fair, may mga huradong tiyak na magiging interesado sa iyong mga resulta napatunayan mo man o hindi ang iyong hypothesis.

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Lingvanex - your universal translation app, translation meaning & definition of the word "hypothesis" into tagalog language, kahulugan ng pagsasalin at kahulugan ng salitang "hypothesis" sa wikang tagalog.

• possibility
• posibilidad
• supposition
• speculation

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What Is A Research (Scientific) Hypothesis? A plain-language explainer + examples

By:  Derek Jansen (MBA)  | Reviewed By: Dr Eunice Rautenbach | June 2020

If you’re new to the world of research, or it’s your first time writing a dissertation or thesis, you’re probably noticing that the words “research hypothesis” and “scientific hypothesis” are used quite a bit, and you’re wondering what they mean in a research context .

“Hypothesis” is one of those words that people use loosely, thinking they understand what it means. However, it has a very specific meaning within academic research. So, it’s important to understand the exact meaning before you start hypothesizing. 

Research Hypothesis 101

• What is a hypothesis ?
• What is a research hypothesis (scientific hypothesis)?
• Requirements for a research hypothesis
• Definition of a research hypothesis
• The null hypothesis

What is a hypothesis?

Let’s start with the general definition of a hypothesis (not a research hypothesis or scientific hypothesis), according to the Cambridge Dictionary:

Hypothesis: an idea or explanation for something that is based on known facts but has not yet been proved.

In other words, it’s a statement that provides an explanation for why or how something works, based on facts (or some reasonable assumptions), but that has not yet been specifically tested . For example, a hypothesis might look something like this:

Hypothesis: sleep impacts academic performance.

This statement predicts that academic performance will be influenced by the amount and/or quality of sleep a student engages in – sounds reasonable, right? It’s based on reasonable assumptions , underpinned by what we currently know about sleep and health (from the existing literature). So, loosely speaking, we could call it a hypothesis, at least by the dictionary definition.

But that’s not good enough…

Unfortunately, that’s not quite sophisticated enough to describe a research hypothesis (also sometimes called a scientific hypothesis), and it wouldn’t be acceptable in a dissertation, thesis or research paper . In the world of academic research, a statement needs a few more criteria to constitute a true research hypothesis .

What is a research hypothesis?

A research hypothesis (also called a scientific hypothesis) is a statement about the expected outcome of a study (for example, a dissertation or thesis). To constitute a quality hypothesis, the statement needs to have three attributes – specificity , clarity and testability .

Let’s take a look at these more closely.

Need a helping hand?

Hypothesis Essential #1: Specificity & Clarity

A good research hypothesis needs to be extremely clear and articulate about both what’ s being assessed (who or what variables are involved ) and the expected outcome (for example, a difference between groups, a relationship between variables, etc.).

Let’s stick with our sleepy students example and look at how this statement could be more specific and clear.

Hypothesis: Students who sleep at least 8 hours per night will, on average, achieve higher grades in standardised tests than students who sleep less than 8 hours a night.

As you can see, the statement is very specific as it identifies the variables involved (sleep hours and test grades), the parties involved (two groups of students), as well as the predicted relationship type (a positive relationship). There’s no ambiguity or uncertainty about who or what is involved in the statement, and the expected outcome is clear.

Contrast that to the original hypothesis we looked at – “Sleep impacts academic performance” – and you can see the difference. “Sleep” and “academic performance” are both comparatively vague , and there’s no indication of what the expected relationship direction is (more sleep or less sleep). As you can see, specificity and clarity are key.

Hypothesis Essential #2: Testability (Provability)

A statement must be testable to qualify as a research hypothesis. In other words, there needs to be a way to prove (or disprove) the statement. If it’s not testable, it’s not a hypothesis – simple as that.

For example, consider the hypothesis we mentioned earlier:

Hypothesis: Students who sleep at least 8 hours per night will, on average, achieve higher grades in standardised tests than students who sleep less than 8 hours a night.  

We could test this statement by undertaking a quantitative study involving two groups of students, one that gets 8 or more hours of sleep per night for a fixed period, and one that gets less. We could then compare the standardised test results for both groups to see if there’s a statistically significant difference. 

Again, if you compare this to the original hypothesis we looked at – “Sleep impacts academic performance” – you can see that it would be quite difficult to test that statement, primarily because it isn’t specific enough. How much sleep? By who? What type of academic performance?

So, remember the mantra – if you can’t test it, it’s not a hypothesis 🙂

Defining A Research Hypothesis

You’re still with us? Great! Let’s recap and pin down a clear definition of a hypothesis.

A research hypothesis (or scientific hypothesis) is a statement about an expected relationship between variables, or explanation of an occurrence, that is clear, specific and testable.

So, when you write up hypotheses for your dissertation or thesis, make sure that they meet all these criteria. If you do, you’ll not only have rock-solid hypotheses but you’ll also ensure a clear focus for your entire research project.

What about the null hypothesis?

You may have also heard the terms null hypothesis , alternative hypothesis, or H-zero thrown around. At a simple level, the null hypothesis is the counter-proposal to the original hypothesis.

For example, if the hypothesis predicts that there is a relationship between two variables (for example, sleep and academic performance), the null hypothesis would predict that there is no relationship between those variables.

At a more technical level, the null hypothesis proposes that no statistical significance exists in a set of given observations and that any differences are due to chance alone.

And there you have it – hypotheses in a nutshell. 

If you have any questions, be sure to leave a comment below and we’ll do our best to help you. If you need hands-on help developing and testing your hypotheses, consider our private coaching service , where we hold your hand through the research journey.

Psst... there’s more!

This post was based on one of our popular Research Bootcamps . If you're working on a research project, you'll definitely want to check this out ...

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16 Comments

Very useful information. I benefit more from getting more information in this regard.

Very great insight,educative and informative. Please give meet deep critics on many research data of public international Law like human rights, environment, natural resources, law of the sea etc

In a book I read a distinction is made between null, research, and alternative hypothesis. As far as I understand, alternative and research hypotheses are the same. Can you please elaborate? Best Afshin

This is a self explanatory, easy going site. I will recommend this to my friends and colleagues.

Very good definition. How can I cite your definition in my thesis? Thank you. Is nul hypothesis compulsory in a research?

It’s a counter-proposal to be proven as a rejection

Please what is the difference between alternate hypothesis and research hypothesis?

It is a very good explanation. However, it limits hypotheses to statistically tasteable ideas. What about for qualitative researches or other researches that involve quantitative data that don’t need statistical tests?

In qualitative research, one typically uses propositions, not hypotheses.

could you please elaborate it more

I’ve benefited greatly from these notes, thank you.

This is very helpful

well articulated ideas are presented here, thank you for being reliable sources of information

Excellent. Thanks for being clear and sound about the research methodology and hypothesis (quantitative research)

I have only a simple question regarding the null hypothesis. – Is the null hypothesis (Ho) known as the reversible hypothesis of the alternative hypothesis (H1? – How to test it in academic research?

this is very important note help me much more

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Hypothesis in Tagalog

What is the translation of word Hypothesis in Tagalog/Filipino ?

Meaning of   Hypothesis in Tagalog is : teorya

Defenition of word hypothesis.

• a supposition or proposed explanation made on the basis of limited evidence as a starting point for further investigation.

Other meanings of Hypothesis

professional astronomers attacked him for popularizing an unconfirmed hypothesis

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Translation of "hypotheses" into Tagalog

Sample translated sentence: Anthony Bogaert's work involving adoptees concludes that the effect is not due to being raised with older brothers, but is hypothesized to have something to do with changes induced in the mother's body when gestating a boy that affects subsequent sons. ↔ Ayon sa pag-aaral ni Anthony Bogaert, ang epekto ay hindi dahil sa nakalakhan ng isang lalaki kasama ang kanyang mga nakatatandang kapatid na lalaki, kung hindi ito ay may kinalaman sa pagbabago sa pangagatawan ng isang ina sa kanyang gestation period.

Plural form of hypothesis. [..]

Automatic translations of " hypotheses " into Tagalog

"hypotheses" in english - tagalog dictionary.

Currently we have no translations for hypotheses in the dictionary, maybe you can add one? Make sure to check automatic translation, translation memory or indirect translations.

Computer generated translations

Hipotesis (@2 : it: ipotesi vi: giả thuyết )

Translations of "hypotheses" into Tagalog in sentences, translation memory

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