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105 Urban Planning Essay Topic Ideas & Examples

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Urban planning is an essential aspect of city development that aims to create sustainable, livable, and functional urban environments. It involves the design and management of the physical and social infrastructure of cities, towns, and communities. If you are studying urban planning or are interested in exploring this field, here are 105 essay topic ideas and examples to inspire your research and writing:

• The impact of urbanization on the environment
• The role of transportation in urban planning
• The importance of affordable housing in urban development
• Urban renewal and gentrification
• The influence of technology on urban planning
• The concept of smart cities
• The history of urban planning
• The relationship between urban planning and public health
• The role of public spaces in urban design
• The challenges of urban development in developing countries
• The impact of urban sprawl on communities
• The role of community participation in urban planning
• The principles of sustainable urban planning
• The benefits of mixed-use development in urban areas
• The impact of climate change on urban planning
• The concept of walkable cities
• The role of public transportation in reducing traffic congestion
• The importance of historic preservation in urban planning
• The impact of globalization on urban development
• The role of zoning laws in urban planning
• The benefits of green infrastructure in cities
• The challenges of urban planning in post-disaster reconstruction
• The role of urban design in promoting social equity
• The impact of urban planning on social cohesion
• The role of urban agriculture in sustainable cities
• The benefits of mixed-income housing in urban areas
• The impact of urban planning on economic development
• The concept of new urbanism
• The challenges of urban planning in mega-cities
• The role of urban planning in reducing crime
• The benefits of public art in urban spaces
• The impact of urban planning on mental health
• The role of urban design in promoting physical activity
• The challenges of affordable housing in high-cost cities
• The importance of universal design in urban planning
• The impact of transportation infrastructure on urban development
• The role of urban planning in disaster preparedness
• The benefits of mixed-use development in reducing car dependence
• The impact of urban planning on air quality
• The role of urban design in reducing noise pollution
• The challenges of urban planning in rapidly growing cities
• The importance of green spaces in urban areas
• The impact of urban planning on social segregation
• The role of urban design in promoting cultural diversity
• The benefits of pedestrian-friendly cities
• The impact of urban planning on water management
• The challenges of urban planning in informal settlements
• The role of urban design in promoting inclusivity
• The benefits of adaptive reuse in historic preservation
• The impact of urban planning on energy consumption
• The role of urban agriculture in food security
• The challenges of urban planning in coastal cities
• The importance of public art in placemaking
• The impact of urban planning on wildlife habitat
• The role of urban design in promoting social interaction
• The benefits of mixed-use development in reducing urban sprawl
• The impact of urban planning on biodiversity
• The role of urban planning in disaster recovery
• The challenges of urban planning in shrinking cities
• The importance of green building in sustainable cities
• The impact of urban planning on water quality
• The role of urban design in promoting community engagement
• The benefits of green roofs in urban areas
• The impact of urban planning on wildlife migration
• The challenges of urban planning in conflict-affected areas
• The importance of public transportation in reducing greenhouse gas emissions
• The role of urban design in promoting social justice
• The benefits of mixed-income housing in reducing poverty
• The impact of urban planning on cultural heritage preservation
• The role of urban planning in promoting disaster resilience
• The challenges of urban planning in rapidly urbanizing regions
• The importance of urban greenways in promoting biodiversity
• The impact of urban planning on soil quality
• The role of urban design in promoting sustainable tourism
• The benefits of transit-oriented development in reducing car dependence
• The impact of urban planning on water conservation
• The challenges of urban planning in post-industrial cities
• The importance of public art in urban regeneration
• The role of urban design in promoting sustainable transportation
• The benefits of green infrastructure in reducing urban heat islands
• The impact of urban planning on cultural diversity
• The challenges of urban planning in high-density cities
• The importance of public spaces in promoting social cohesion
• The role of urban design in promoting active transportation
• The benefits of mixed-use development in reducing urban blight
• The impact of urban planning on food access
• The challenges of urban planning in mountainous regions
• The importance of urban forests in promoting climate resilience
• The role of urban design in promoting gender equality
• The benefits of green roofs in reducing stormwater runoff
• The impact of urban planning on indigenous communities
• The challenges of urban planning in desert regions
• The importance of public art in promoting cultural identity
• The role of urban design in promoting sustainable agriculture
• The benefits of green infrastructure in reducing flooding
• The impact of urban planning on wildlife conservation
• The challenges of urban planning in riverfront cities
• The importance of public transportation in reducing air pollution
• The role of urban design in promoting social inclusion
• The benefits of mixed-income housing in reducing social inequality
• The impact of urban planning on public health
• The challenges of urban planning in island cities
• The importance of urban green spaces in promoting mental well-being
• The role of urban design in promoting community resilience
• The benefits of green infrastructure in reducing urban poverty

These essay topic ideas and examples cover a wide range of issues and concepts in urban planning, providing you with plenty of inspiration for your research and writing. Whether you are interested in environmental sustainability, social equity, economic development, or cultural preservation, there is a topic here for you to explore and analyze in depth. Happy writing!

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Urban Planning Thesis/ Research Topic Suggestions (Part 1)

Introduction.

In the field of Planning, each student is required to undertake a research project (thesis) as per his/ her interest subjects relevant to the field in the final semester. It basically gives an opportunity to the students to put their learning of previous semesters together. It also gives an opportunity to synthesize the knowledge and skills acquired by applying it for strategy formulation for a live planning challenge.

Urban Planning

Cities and tourist movement have both historical and dynamic relationship. Urban places often act as major attractions and serve as gateways to or staging areas for tourism. Tourism is at the heart of many cities’ development projects. Tourism is a major driving force in the development and stimulator of a new urbanity in metropolises and cities.

Urban Finance

Environment planning.

Environmental issues arise and exist in almost all sectors where development is involved. Environmental Planning helps in making decisions about the natural environment, public health and the built environment.

Informal Sector

Slum/ informal settlements.

Existence of informal settlements in the urban areas is a challenging issue in urban planning. It is short-sighted and unsustainable to ignore the challenge of slums considering the large scale of slums and the number of people they house.

Housing and Real Estate

Inclusive planning, transport planning.

Transport Planning is required for the operation, provision and management of facilities and services for the modes of transport. It is the process of preparing policies, goals and spatial planning designs to prepare for the future needs.

About The Author

Nancy grover.

94 Urban Planning Essay Topic Ideas & Examples

🏆 best urban planning topic ideas & essay examples, 📌 most interesting urban planning topics to write about, 👍 good research topics about urban planning, ❓ urban planning research questions.

• Urban Planning Problems in New Delhi The growth of urban centers is usually a sign of economic stability and the political maturity of a country. The size of the population in Delhi is the driver behind its environmental problems.
• The City Beautiful Movement and Urban Planning This quickly led to conflict with public interest and led to the formation of city planning commissions, intended to account for public input in city planning.
• Governmental Relations in Urban Planning This verse highlights the importance of having a clear and meaningful vision for the future, which is reflected in the city’s approach to planning.
• Gentrification: Urban Planning in Canada It is important to find a way of addressing the concerns that stakeholders have to eliminate the current controversies in the new approach to urban planning.
• Urban Planning and Redevelopment Urban planning is a discipline that explores aspects of the built and environment of communities and municipalities. The Harrapan civilizations, the Mesopotamia, Ur, and cities of the Indus valley in India are among the earliest […]
• Urban Planning and Zoning Categories The goal of zoning is to ensure that the different types of land use are separated and that the uses are compatible with one another. Zoning categories are very important because they regulate the use […]
• Development and Theories in Urban Planning Mainly, conceptual planning and the rational-comprehensive planning theories are frameworks builders should adopt to cater to diverse issues and fulfil their responsibility to the earth as stipulated in the bible.
• Urban Planning Code of Ethics Ethics can help planners foster an integral, moral, and trustworthy environment in the planning process and make socially acceptable approaches/ For instance, explaining to stakeholders existing and anticipated social problems that may occur in the […]
• Urban Planning Development and Theories For example, during the period of city creation in the 17th century in Europe, urban planning, the creation of architectural ensembles and public spaces, and the design of local facilities have long been actively used.
• The Impact of the Urban Planning Housing, neighborhoods, and real estate markets are primarily determined by urban planning, policies, and practices, the failures of which are the causes for the existing housing problems, but a healthy neighborhoods approach can be a […]
• Professional Urban Planning and Practices Reviewing the knowledge, skills, and components of the curriculum to ensure that they address the planning needs of the evolving world is a great example of an approach that focuses on the future of professional […]
• Internet, Architecture, and Urban Planning: William J. Mitchell’s “City of Bits” Professor William Mitchell, a professor of ‘Architecture and Media Arts and Science in the Massachusetts Institute of Technology’, has written the book called “City of Bits”, which deals with the relationship among internet, architecture and […]
• Michael Apted’s “Thunderheart”: Urban Planning His role was to investigate the circumstances that led to the murder of a Native American who was a follower of the American Indian Movement.
• Urban Planning Optimization and Homelessness Therefore, the urban planning should be revised regarding those private providers’ interests: the risk of failure for future city development would strongly increase in the areas of possible economic concern.
• Optimizing Urban Planning to Address Homelessness Researchers use sensitivity analysis to assess the contribution of single preference parameters to the uncertainty of the ranking of alternatives. In the same manner, authorities can create a database consisting of all the shelters for […]
• Internet of Things in a Work of an Urban Planning Specialist Due to the fact that urban planning ultimately targets the experiences of urban dwellers, the internet of things and is vital to consider for a city designer.
• Urban Planning: City Summary Grayslake, IL It is located to the north of Chicago’s downtown approximately 64km away, and the west of Lake Michigan approximately 23km away, and to the south of Wisconsin border approximately 24km away.
• Urban Planning: Transit-Oriented Development Lynch defines efficiency in terms of cost: the less costly the creation and the maintenance of a system is, the more efficient it can be considered.
• Urban Planning: “The Great Good Place” by Ray Oldenburg The author wrote the book in 1999 in an attempt to show the significance of casual and open gathering places, which he referred to as “third places”.
• Sustainable Urban Planning in West Loop Area Due to the global and ubiquitous nature of environmental challenges and the adverse effects of the pollution of the atmosphere and oceans, deforestation, and the destruction of sea beds and ecosystems, the need for sustainable […]
• Urban Planning Issues in the “Boyz n the Hood” Film Boyz n the Hood reveals the problem of the suburbanization of the society and non-functional urban environment, which is typical of the areas similar to the one shown in the movie.
• Green Communities in Urban Planning Under such circumstances, much attention is paid to green communities as the most appropriate form of living in balance with nature one of the examples of such a green community in Copenhagen.
• Issues Affecting Urban Planning in “City of God” Film The author of the movie draws the reader’s attention to some of the factors that affect urban planning. Therefore, this call for a combined effort to see that each issues is addressed fully in order […]
• Urban Planning Issues About the Movie “City of God” This is where he also discovers corruption and collaboration in between the Kenyan government, the pharmaceutical corporation, and his fellow British colleagues. The main cause for lack of social mobility is limited of education.
• Urban Planning Issues About the Movie “Julie and Julia” Paris is portrayed as superior to the New York City and Julia’s recipes seem to influence the way the residents of Paris as well as the New Yorkers eat.
• “Gone Baby Gone” Movie: Urban Planning Issues The residents of the area are also suspicious that the police are not honest in their dealings and this makes it difficult for the two detectives to resolve Amanda’s abduction.
• Urban Planning Aspects: “Before Sunset” Urban planning is defined as the process of controlling the utilization of design and land of an urban development, with the aim of ensuring that communities and settlements in the urban areas are orderly developed.
• Canadian Urban Planning, Housing, and Women
• When Urban Planning Doctrine Meets Low Density Countryside
• Urban Planning, Modern and Postmodern Design
• Project and Urban Planning at the University of California
• European Urban Planning Systems: Diversity and Convergence
• Smart Methods for Environmental Externalities: Urban Planning, Environmental Health and Hygiene in the Netherlands
• Geographic Information System and Its Application in Urban Planning and Environment
• Environmental Management and Urban Planning Practices
• Urban Planning and Information and Communication Technology: Ideas and Facts
• Ecological Urban Planning and Design: A Systematic Literature Review
• The City Beautiful Movement: The Urban Planning Practices
• Urban Planning Management System in Los Angeles: An Overview
• Urban Planning and the Geographic Information System
• Kevin Lynch and His Contribution to the Urban Planning Theory
• Urban Planning: The History of Cycling Infrastructure
• Handbook for Gender-Inclusive Urban Planning and Design
• Biodiversity and Green Infrastructure in Urban Planning
• Women, Housing and Urban Planning in Canada
• Urban Planning Community and Economic Development
• Multitype Green-Space Modeling for Urban Planning Using GA and GIS
• Social Mix and the City: Challenging the Mixed Communities Consensus in Housing and Urban Planning Policies
• Urban Planning and Its Role of the Public
• Urban Planning Critical Issues on Urban Development
• Environmental Holism and the Biophilic Hypothesis in Urban Planning
• The Similarities and Differences in Urban Planning in Italy and The Netherlands
• Classifying and Valuing Ecosystem Services for Urban Planning
• Urban Planning and Development Theories of Paul Peterson
• How The Urban Planning and Development of Jane Jacobs
• Urban Planning and Railway Corridors: Resolving Regulatory Dysfunction in Australia
• Urban Heat Island Adaptation Through Urban Planning and Design: The Struggle of the City of Los Angeles
• Urban Planning and the Location of Environmental Amenities
• Urban Planning with the Aid of Factor Analysis Approach: The Case of Isfahan Municipality
• Urban Planning, Architecture, and the Contributions of Rome
• Washington, D.C.: The First Example of Urban Planning
• Urban Planning Policy for Realizing Public Objectives Through Private Development in Seoul
• Urban Planning for the New Buildings
• Scientific Reasoning and Methods in Urban Planning
• Risk, Uncertainty, and Spatial Distinction: A Study of Urban Planning in Stockholm
• Paris and London: Late 19th Century Urban Planning
• Overcrowding and Urban Planning in Victorian London
• What Does an Urban Planning Do?
• Why Urban Planning Is Important?
• What Does Urban Planning Focus On?
• What Are the Goals of Urban Planning?
• What Is Urban Planning in Simple Words?
• What Are the Types of Urban Planning?
• How Does Urban Planning Affect the Environment?
• Which City Has the Best Urban Planning?
• Is Urban Planning Similar to Civil Engineering?
• What Is the Difference Between Urban Design and Urban Planning?
• What Is an Example of Urban Planning?
• What Are the Factors of Urban Planning?
• How Can Urban Planning Be Improved?
• Which Software Is Used for Urban Planning?
• Is Urban Planning and Architecture Same?
• What Are the Challenges of Urban Planning?
• How Urban Planning Affects Economy?
• What Is the Most Important Issue in Urban Planning?
• How Does Urban Planning Affect Quality of Life?
• How Is Urban Planning Sustainable?
• What Influences Urban Planning?
• How Does Urban Planning Relate to Architecture?
• What Are the Reasons for Urban Planning Failure?
• What Is Level of Urban Planning?
• Overpopulation Topics
• Bicycle Research Topics
• Disaster Essay Titles
• Evacuation Essay Topics
• Growth Strategy Titles
• Wind Energy Essay Topics
• Deforestation Research Ideas
• Culture Topics
• Chicago (A-D)
• Chicago (N-B)

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Idea and Research Question Selection

The following tips should help students pick the right topic that will connect their interests and contribute something exciting and new to the urban planning process.

• You must consider your own interests. The first thing you should do is to take into account topics you are passionate about.
• You should look at similar projects. If you take some time to look through similar assignments, you will see what others missed and what way they structure their papers. Thanks to this, it will be easier for you to come up with an interesting topic.
• You should identify all trends in this area. If you manage to make your topic up to date, it will be easier for you to attract attention and receive a great score.
• There is no need to doubt if you need help. If you think that you need help, then you should ask for it. Make sure that you use a reliable service for this purpose, such as Writing Metier .

List of Research Paper Topics on Urban Planning and Development

As mentioned before, there is a wide variety of urban planning and development topics for a research paper, which is great because there are a lot of interesting things to write about. At the same time, you might find it difficult to choose one of them, so the following list of categories can be helpful.

Urbanization research paper topics

If you choose this category, you can write about anything from future urbanization and aspects of Chinese urbanization to human geography and the connection between urban sprawl and climate change.

1. Topic: The Impact of Urbanization on the Environment

• Research Question: How does rapid urbanization affect the environment, and what strategies can be implemented to mitigate these impacts?
• Overview: Explore the environmental consequences of urbanization, including air and water pollution, loss of green spaces, and increased energy consumption. Analyze strategies such as sustainable urban planning, green infrastructure, and pollution control measures that can help mitigate these environmental impacts.

2. Topic: The Role of Urbanization in Economic Development

• Research Question: How does urbanization contribute to economic growth and development, particularly in developing countries?
• Overview: Investigate the relationship between urbanization and economic development, focusing on how cities drive innovation, job creation, and productivity. Analyze the challenges and opportunities presented by urbanization in developing countries, and discuss policies that can promote inclusive and sustainable economic growth.

3. Topic: The Social Consequences of Urbanization: Inequality and Segregation

• Research Question: How does urbanization contribute to social inequality and segregation in cities, and what policies can address these issues?
• Overview: Examine the social challenges associated with urbanization, such as income inequality, housing disparities, and spatial segregation. Analyze how these issues affect social cohesion and access to opportunities, and discuss urban policies and interventions that can reduce inequality and promote inclusive urban development.

4. Topic: The Impact of Urbanization on Public Health

• Research Question: What are the public health implications of urbanization, and how can cities promote healthier living environments?
• Overview: Explore the effects of urbanization on public health, focusing on issues such as air pollution, overcrowding, and access to healthcare services. Analyze strategies for improving urban health outcomes, including urban design that promotes physical activity, access to green spaces, and effective public health policies.

5. Topic: Urbanization and the Housing Crisis: Challenges and Solutions

• Research Question: How does urbanization contribute to the housing crisis in major cities, and what solutions can address the demand for affordable housing?
• Overview: Investigate the relationship between urbanization and the housing crisis, focusing on the factors driving housing demand and the challenges of providing affordable housing. Analyze potential solutions, such as zoning reforms, public housing initiatives, and innovative housing models, that can alleviate the housing shortage in urban areas.

6. Topic: The Role of Smart Cities in Managing Urbanization

• Research Question: How can smart city technologies help manage the challenges of urbanization and improve the quality of life for city residents?
• Overview: Explore the concept of smart cities and how technology can be used to enhance urban living, focusing on areas such as transportation, energy efficiency, and public services. Analyze case studies of cities that have implemented smart city initiatives, and discuss the potential benefits and challenges of these technologies.

7. Topic: Urbanization and Climate Change: Building Resilient Cities

• Research Question: How can cities become more resilient to the impacts of climate change in the context of rapid urbanization?
• Overview: Investigate the relationship between urbanization and climate change, focusing on how cities can adapt to rising temperatures, sea-level rise, and extreme weather events. Analyze strategies for building climate-resilient cities, including urban planning, infrastructure investment, and community engagement.

8. Topic: The Effects of Urbanization on Rural Communities

• Research Question: How does urbanization impact rural communities, and what strategies can support rural development in the face of urban expansion?
• Overview: Explore the effects of urbanization on rural areas, including population decline, economic challenges, and changes in land use. Analyze how rural communities can adapt to these changes and discuss policies that promote balanced regional development and support for rural economies.

9. Topic: The Role of Public Transportation in Sustainable Urbanization

• Research Question: How does the development of public transportation systems contribute to sustainable urbanization?
• Overview: Investigate the role of public transportation in promoting sustainable urban growth, focusing on its impact on traffic congestion, air quality, and accessibility. Analyze case studies of cities with successful public transportation systems and discuss how these systems can be expanded and improved to meet the needs of growing urban populations.

10. Topic: The Impact of Urbanization on Cultural Heritage

• Research Question: How does urbanization threaten cultural heritage sites in cities, and what measures can be taken to preserve these sites?
• Overview: Explore the challenges of preserving cultural heritage in rapidly urbanizing cities, focusing on the pressures of development, tourism, and neglect. Analyze strategies for protecting cultural heritage, including legal protections, community involvement, and sustainable tourism practices.

11. Topic: The Role of Urban Green Spaces in Enhancing Quality of Life

• Research Question: How do urban green spaces contribute to the quality of life in cities, and what challenges exist in creating and maintaining these spaces?
• Overview: Examine the benefits of urban green spaces, such as parks and gardens, on residents’ physical and mental health, social interaction, and environmental sustainability. Analyze the challenges of creating and maintaining green spaces in densely populated urban areas, and discuss strategies for integrating nature into urban planning.

12. Topic: Urbanization and Informal Settlements: Addressing the Challenges of Slums

• Research Question: How can cities address the challenges of informal settlements and slums in the context of rapid urbanization?
• Overview: Investigate the issues faced by residents of informal settlements, such as inadequate housing, lack of basic services, and vulnerability to disasters. Analyze approaches to upgrading slums, including participatory planning, legal recognition of land rights, and investment in infrastructure, to improve living conditions and promote inclusive urban development.

Sustainable urban development research paper topics

These topics can be about infrastructure, urban resilience , renewable energies, water resource management, and more. You might even want to write about urban economic development strategies, which can make the process even more interesting.

13. Topic: The Role of Renewable Energy in Sustainable Urban Development

• Research Question: How can the integration of renewable energy sources contribute to the sustainability of urban areas?
• Overview: Explore the role of renewable energy, such as solar, wind, and geothermal, in reducing the carbon footprint of cities. Analyze case studies of cities that have successfully integrated renewable energy into their infrastructure, and discuss the challenges and opportunities of expanding these initiatives.

14. Topic: Sustainable Urban Transportation: Reducing Emissions and Congestion

• Research Question: What strategies can cities implement to develop sustainable transportation systems that reduce emissions and alleviate traffic congestion?
• Overview: Investigate the impact of transportation on urban sustainability, focusing on strategies such as public transit expansion, cycling infrastructure, and electric vehicles. Analyze how these approaches can reduce greenhouse gas emissions, improve air quality, and enhance mobility in urban areas.

15. Topic: The Role of Green Building Practices in Sustainable Urban Development

• Research Question: How do green building practices contribute to sustainable urban development, and what are the barriers to their widespread adoption?
• Overview: Examine the principles of green building, including energy efficiency, water conservation, and the use of sustainable materials. Analyze the environmental and economic benefits of green buildings, and discuss the challenges of implementing these practices on a larger scale, such as cost, regulations, and public awareness.

16. Topic: The Importance of Urban Green Spaces in Promoting Sustainability

• Research Question: How do urban green spaces contribute to the sustainability of cities, and what strategies can be used to increase their presence?
• Overview: Explore the environmental, social, and health benefits of urban green spaces, such as parks, community gardens, and green roofs. Analyze strategies for creating and maintaining green spaces in densely populated cities, and discuss how these spaces can be integrated into urban planning to promote sustainability.

17. Topic: The Role of Urban Agriculture in Sustainable Food Systems

• Research Question: How can urban agriculture contribute to sustainable food systems in cities, and what challenges must be overcome to expand its impact?
• Overview: Investigate the benefits of urban agriculture, including local food production, waste reduction, and community engagement. Analyze case studies of successful urban agriculture projects and discuss the challenges of scaling up these initiatives, such as land use conflicts, policy support, and access to resources.

18. Topic: The Impact of Smart City Technologies on Sustainable Urban Development

• Research Question: How can smart city technologies be leveraged to enhance the sustainability of urban areas?
• Overview: Explore the potential of smart city technologies, such as IoT, data analytics, and automated systems, in promoting sustainability. Analyze how these technologies can improve energy efficiency, waste management, and resource allocation in cities, and discuss the challenges of implementing smart city initiatives, including privacy concerns and infrastructure investment.

19. Topic: The Role of Public Policy in Advancing Sustainable Urban Development

• Research Question: How can public policy drive sustainable urban development, and what are the key policy areas that need to be addressed?
• Overview: Investigate the role of government policy in promoting sustainability in urban areas, focusing on areas such as zoning regulations, transportation planning, and environmental protection. Analyze successful examples of policy-driven sustainability initiatives and discuss the challenges of aligning policy with sustainable development goals.

20. Topic: The Challenges of Achieving Social Equity in Sustainable Urban Development

• Research Question: How can cities ensure that sustainable urban development benefits all residents, particularly marginalized and low-income communities?
• Overview: Examine the intersection of sustainability and social equity in urban development, focusing on issues such as affordable housing, access to green spaces, and environmental justice. Analyze strategies for promoting inclusive and equitable urban development, and discuss the challenges of balancing economic, environmental, and social goals.

21. Topic: The Role of Circular Economy Principles in Sustainable Urban Development

• Research Question: How can circular economy principles be integrated into urban development to enhance sustainability?
• Overview: Explore the concept of the circular economy, which emphasizes reducing waste, reusing resources, and recycling materials. Analyze how cities can implement circular economy practices in areas such as waste management, construction, and consumer goods, and discuss the benefits and challenges of transitioning to a circular urban economy.

22. Topic: The Impact of Climate Change on Sustainable Urban Development

• Research Question: How can cities adapt to the impacts of climate change while pursuing sustainable urban development?
• Overview: Investigate the challenges that climate change poses to urban sustainability, such as rising temperatures, sea-level rise, and extreme weather events. Analyze strategies for building climate-resilient cities, including adaptive infrastructure, disaster preparedness, and sustainable land use planning.

23. Topic: The Role of Community Participation in Sustainable Urban Development

• Research Question: How can community participation enhance the effectiveness of sustainable urban development initiatives?
• Overview: Examine the importance of involving local communities in the planning and implementation of sustainable urban development projects. Analyze case studies where community participation has led to successful outcomes, and discuss the challenges and benefits of engaging residents in sustainability efforts.

24. Topic: The Future of Sustainable Urban Development: Trends and Innovations

• Research Question: What are the emerging trends and innovations in sustainable urban development, and how might they shape the future of cities?
• Overview: Explore the latest trends and innovations in sustainable urban development, such as green infrastructure, renewable energy integration, and resilient design. Analyze how these developments could transform cities in the coming decades and discuss the potential challenges and opportunities they present.

Urban transportation research paper topics

The diversity of topics here is really impressive. It ranges from the impact of active transportation on public health and the role of technology in transportation planning to the integration of multimodal transportation systems and the impact of transportation planning on user behavior.

25. Topic: The Role of Public Transportation in Reducing Urban Traffic Congestion

• Research Question: How can the expansion and improvement of public transportation systems reduce traffic congestion in urban areas?
• Overview: Explore the impact of public transportation on reducing traffic congestion, focusing on the effectiveness of buses, subways, and light rail systems. Analyze case studies of cities that have successfully alleviated congestion through public transportation initiatives, and discuss strategies for expanding and improving these systems in growing urban areas.

26. Topic: The Impact of Ride-Sharing Services on Urban Transportation

• Research Question: How have ride-sharing services like Uber and Lyft influenced urban transportation systems, and what are the implications for city planning?
• Overview: Investigate the effects of ride-sharing services on urban transportation, including their impact on traffic patterns, public transit usage, and congestion. Analyze the benefits and challenges of integrating ride-sharing into urban transportation planning, and discuss potential regulatory approaches to balance convenience with sustainability.

27. Topic: The Role of Bicycle Infrastructure in Promoting Sustainable Urban Transportation

• Research Question: How does the development of bicycle infrastructure contribute to sustainable urban transportation, and what challenges must cities overcome to encourage cycling?
• Overview: Explore the role of cycling as a sustainable mode of urban transportation, focusing on the development of bike lanes, bike-sharing programs, and safety measures. Analyze the benefits of cycling for reducing emissions and improving public health, and discuss the challenges of promoting cycling in car-dependent cities.

28. Topic: The Integration of Electric Vehicles into Urban Transportation Systems

• Research Question: How can cities facilitate the integration of electric vehicles (EVs) into their transportation systems, and what are the potential benefits and challenges?
• Overview: Investigate the role of electric vehicles in urban transportation, focusing on the infrastructure required for EV adoption, such as charging stations and incentives. Analyze the environmental benefits of EVs and discuss the challenges of integrating them into existing transportation systems, including grid capacity and public acceptance.

29. Topic: The Impact of Autonomous Vehicles on Urban Transportation

• Research Question: What are the potential effects of autonomous vehicles on urban transportation systems, and how can cities prepare for their widespread adoption?
• Overview: Explore the potential impact of autonomous vehicles on urban transportation, including changes in traffic patterns, parking demand, and public transit usage. Analyze the opportunities and challenges presented by autonomous vehicles, and discuss strategies for cities to adapt their infrastructure and policies to accommodate this technology.

30. Topic: The Role of Transit-Oriented Development in Sustainable Urban Growth

• Research Question: How can transit-oriented development (TOD) contribute to sustainable urban growth, and what are the key factors for its successful implementation?
• Overview: Examine the concept of transit-oriented development, which promotes high-density, mixed-use development around public transit hubs. Analyze the benefits of TOD for reducing car dependency, promoting walkability, and enhancing access to public transportation, and discuss the challenges of implementing TOD in existing urban areas.

31. Topic: The Impact of Urban Sprawl on Transportation Efficiency

• Research Question: How does urban sprawl affect transportation efficiency in cities, and what strategies can be implemented to mitigate its negative impacts?
• Overview: Investigate the relationship between urban sprawl and transportation inefficiency, focusing on issues such as longer commutes, increased traffic congestion, and higher transportation costs. Analyze strategies for mitigating the effects of sprawl, including smart growth, improved public transit, and land use planning.

32. Topic: The Role of High-Speed Rail in Connecting Urban Centers

• Research Question: How can high-speed rail systems enhance connectivity between urban centers, and what are the potential economic and environmental benefits?
• Overview: Explore the role of high-speed rail in connecting major urban centers, focusing on its potential to reduce travel times, alleviate congestion, and promote economic development. Analyze the challenges of implementing high-speed rail, such as funding, land acquisition, and integration with existing transportation networks.

33. Topic: The Impact of Urban Transportation on Air Quality

• Research Question: How does urban transportation contribute to air pollution, and what strategies can cities implement to improve air quality?
• Overview: Investigate the relationship between urban transportation and air quality, focusing on the sources of transportation-related pollution, such as vehicle emissions and traffic congestion. Analyze strategies for improving air quality, including the promotion of low-emission vehicles, public transportation, and active transportation modes like cycling and walking.

34. Topic: The Role of Public-Private Partnerships in Urban Transportation Infrastructure

• Research Question: How can public-private partnerships (PPPs) contribute to the development and maintenance of urban transportation infrastructure?
• Overview: Explore the role of public-private partnerships in financing and delivering urban transportation projects, focusing on the benefits and risks of PPPs. Analyze case studies of successful PPPs in transportation infrastructure, and discuss best practices for structuring and managing these partnerships to achieve public goals.

35. Topic: The Influence of Urban Transportation on Social Equity

• Research Question: How does urban transportation impact social equity, and what measures can cities take to ensure equitable access to transportation services?
• Overview: Examine the relationship between urban transportation and social equity, focusing on how transportation accessibility affects marginalized and low-income communities. Analyze strategies for promoting equitable access to transportation, including fare subsidies, expanded public transit coverage, and community engagement in transportation planning.

36. Topic: The Future of Urban Transportation: Innovations and Challenges

• Research Question: What are the emerging trends and innovations in urban transportation, and how might they shape the future of cities?
• Overview: Explore the latest innovations in urban transportation, such as micro-mobility solutions, smart transportation systems, and on-demand transit services. Analyze the potential benefits and challenges of these innovations, and discuss how cities can prepare for and adapt to the evolving landscape of urban transportation.

Affordable housing research paper topics

Here, you can choose to write about whether there should be more affordable houses or not, and how this can affect cities.

37. Topic: The Role of Government Policy in Promoting Affordable Housing

• Research Question: How effective are government policies in addressing the shortage of affordable housing, and what measures can be implemented to improve their impact?
• Overview: Explore the role of government interventions, such as subsidies, tax incentives, and zoning regulations, in promoting affordable housing. Analyze case studies of successful policy initiatives and discuss potential improvements to existing policies to better meet the demand for affordable housing.

38. Topic: The Impact of Gentrification on Affordable Housing Availability

• Research Question: How does gentrification affect the availability of affordable housing, and what strategies can be used to protect vulnerable communities?
• Overview: Investigate the effects of gentrification on affordable housing, focusing on displacement, rising rents, and changes in neighborhood demographics. Analyze strategies for mitigating the negative impacts of gentrification, such as inclusionary zoning, rent control, and community land trusts.

39. Topic: The Role of Public-Private Partnerships in Affordable Housing Development

• Research Question: How can public-private partnerships (PPPs) contribute to the development of affordable housing, and what are the key factors for their success?
• Overview: Examine the potential of public-private partnerships in financing and delivering affordable housing projects. Analyze case studies of successful PPPs, focusing on the challenges and benefits of these collaborations, and discuss best practices for structuring and managing such partnerships.

40. Topic: The Impact of Affordable Housing on Economic Mobility

• Research Question: How does access to affordable housing influence economic mobility for low-income families?
• Overview: Explore the relationship between affordable housing and economic mobility, focusing on how stable housing can improve employment opportunities, educational outcomes, and financial security for low-income families. Analyze policies and programs that support economic mobility through affordable housing.

41. Topic: The Role of Inclusionary Zoning in Creating Affordable Housing

• Research Question: How effective is inclusionary zoning as a tool for increasing the supply of affordable housing in urban areas?
• Overview: Investigate the concept of inclusionary zoning, which requires developers to include affordable units in new residential developments. Analyze the effectiveness of this policy in various cities, focusing on its impact on housing supply, affordability, and neighborhood diversity.

42. Topic: The Impact of Affordable Housing on Community Health and Well-Being

• Research Question: How does access to affordable housing influence the health and well-being of residents and communities?
• Overview: Examine the relationship between affordable housing and community health, focusing on how stable and safe housing can reduce stress, improve mental and physical health, and foster social cohesion. Analyze the role of affordable housing in creating healthy, thriving communities.

43. Topic: The Challenges of Affordable Housing in Rural Areas

• Research Question: What are the unique challenges of providing affordable housing in rural areas, and how can these challenges be addressed?
• Overview: Explore the specific issues related to affordable housing in rural communities, such as limited funding, lower population density, and lack of infrastructure. Analyze potential solutions, including targeted funding programs, modular housing, and partnerships with local organizations, to improve access to affordable housing in rural areas.

44. Topic: The Role of Nonprofit Organizations in Affordable Housing Development

• Research Question: How do nonprofit organizations contribute to the development and management of affordable housing, and what challenges do they face?
• Overview: Investigate the role of nonprofit organizations in creating and maintaining affordable housing, focusing on their contributions to financing, development, and community engagement. Analyze the challenges faced by nonprofits, such as funding constraints and regulatory barriers, and discuss strategies for enhancing their impact.

45. Topic: The Impact of Affordable Housing on Urban Sprawl

• Research Question: How does the availability of affordable housing influence urban sprawl, and what strategies can be implemented to balance growth and affordability?
• Overview: Explore the relationship between affordable housing and urban sprawl, focusing on how the lack of affordable housing in city centers can drive development to suburban and rural areas. Analyze strategies for promoting affordable housing in urban cores to reduce sprawl and promote sustainable development.

46. Topic: The Role of Land Use Policy in Affordable Housing Supply

• Research Question: How do land use policies affect the availability of affordable housing, and what reforms are needed to increase housing supply?
• Overview: Examine the impact of land use policies, such as zoning regulations, density restrictions, and land allocation, on the supply of affordable housing. Analyze how these policies can either promote or hinder affordable housing development and discuss potential reforms to encourage more inclusive and diverse housing options.

47. Topic: The Financialization of Housing and Its Impact on Affordability

• Research Question: How has the financialization of housing affected the affordability of homes, and what measures can be taken to counteract its effects?
• Overview: Investigate the trend of treating housing as a financial asset rather than a basic need, focusing on how this has contributed to rising housing costs and decreased affordability. Analyze policy options and market interventions that could help decommodify housing and make it more accessible to low- and middle-income households.

48. Topic: The Future of Affordable Housing: Innovations and Challenges

• Research Question: What are the emerging trends and innovations in affordable housing, and how might they shape the future of housing policy?
• Overview: Explore the latest developments in affordable housing, such as modular construction, cooperative housing models, and community land trusts. Analyze the potential of these innovations to address the affordable housing crisis, and discuss the challenges that may arise in their implementation.

Smart cities research paper topics

When choosing this category, you should research smart city technologies , challenges, and trends.

49. Topic: The Role of the Internet of Things (IoT) in Smart City Development

• Research Question: How does the Internet of Things (IoT) contribute to the functionality and efficiency of smart cities?
• Overview: Explore the integration of IoT devices in smart cities, focusing on how they enhance urban services such as transportation, waste management, and energy use. Analyze the benefits of IoT for improving city operations and citizen engagement, as well as the challenges of data privacy and security.

50. Topic: The Impact of Smart City Technologies on Urban Sustainability

• Research Question: How do smart city technologies contribute to urban sustainability, and what are the key factors for their successful implementation?
• Overview: Investigate how smart city technologies, such as smart grids, renewable energy integration, and real-time monitoring systems, support sustainable urban development. Analyze case studies of cities that have successfully implemented these technologies and discuss the environmental and economic benefits.

51. Topic: The Role of Big Data in Enhancing Smart City Services

• Research Question: How can big data analytics be leveraged to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of smart city services?
• Overview: Explore the use of big data in smart cities, focusing on how data from various sources, such as sensors, social media, and public records, is analyzed to enhance city services. Analyze how big data can be used for urban planning, traffic management, and public safety, and discuss the challenges of data governance and privacy.

52. Topic: The Challenges of Cybersecurity in Smart Cities

• Research Question: What are the cybersecurity risks associated with smart cities, and how can they be mitigated?
• Overview: Investigate the cybersecurity challenges that arise in smart cities, focusing on the potential vulnerabilities of interconnected systems and the risks of cyberattacks. Analyze strategies for protecting smart city infrastructure from cyber threats, including robust encryption, regular security audits, and public-private partnerships.

53. Topic: The Role of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Smart City Management

• Research Question: How can artificial intelligence (AI) be used to optimize the management and operation of smart cities?
• Overview: Investigate the application of AI in managing smart city operations, focusing on areas such as traffic management, energy distribution, and emergency response. Analyze the benefits of AI for improving efficiency, reducing costs, and enhancing decision-making in urban management, while also considering the ethical and privacy concerns associated with AI deployment.

54. Topic: The Impact of Smart Transportation Systems on Urban Mobility

• Research Question: How do smart transportation systems improve urban mobility, and what are the challenges of implementing these systems?
• Overview: Explore the development and implementation of smart transportation systems, such as intelligent traffic lights, connected vehicles, and real-time public transit updates. Analyze how these systems enhance mobility, reduce congestion, and lower emissions in cities, and discuss the technological, financial, and regulatory challenges involved.

55. Topic: The Role of Citizen Engagement in Smart City Development

• Research Question: How can citizen engagement be effectively integrated into the development of smart cities?
• Overview: Examine the importance of involving citizens in the planning and implementation of smart city projects, focusing on participatory decision-making, co-creation of services, and transparency. Analyze the methods and tools used to engage citizens, such as digital platforms, public consultations, and community workshops, and discuss the benefits and challenges of fostering active civic participation.

56. Topic: The Ethics of Data Collection and Privacy in Smart Cities

• Research Question: What are the ethical implications of data collection in smart cities, and how can cities protect citizens’ privacy?
• Overview: Investigate the ethical concerns related to the extensive data collection required for smart city operations, focusing on issues such as surveillance, consent, and data security. Analyze the policies and technologies that can be implemented to safeguard privacy while still enabling the benefits of data-driven urban services.

57. Topic: The Financial Sustainability of Smart City Projects

• Research Question: How can cities ensure the financial sustainability of smart city projects, and what funding models are most effective?
• Overview: Explore the financial challenges of implementing and maintaining smart city projects, focusing on the costs of infrastructure, technology, and ongoing operations. Analyze different funding models, such as public-private partnerships, government grants, and user fees, and discuss strategies for achieving long-term financial viability.

58. Topic: The Role of Smart Cities in Addressing Climate Change

• Research Question: How can smart cities contribute to climate change mitigation and adaptation?
• Overview: Examine the potential of smart city technologies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, improve energy efficiency, and enhance urban resilience to climate impacts. Analyze case studies of cities that have successfully integrated climate-focused initiatives into their smart city strategies, and discuss the challenges and opportunities for scaling these efforts.

59. Topic: The Social Implications of Smart City Development

• Research Question: How does smart city development impact social equity, and what measures can be taken to ensure inclusive growth?
• Overview: Investigate the potential social impacts of smart city development, focusing on issues such as digital divide, access to services, and gentrification. Analyze strategies for ensuring that smart city initiatives benefit all residents, particularly marginalized and low-income communities, and discuss the importance of inclusive planning and policy-making.

60. Topic: The Future of Work in Smart Cities

• Research Question: How will the development of smart cities influence the future of work, and what implications does this have for employment and workforce development?
• Overview: Explore the impact of smart city technologies on the labor market, focusing on automation, remote work, and the demand for new skills. Analyze how cities can prepare their workforces for the changes brought about by smart city development, including retraining programs, education initiatives, and support for entrepreneurship.

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Urban renewal research paper topics

Here, you can research the role of urban renewal when it comes to heritage preservation. You might also want to find out how it affects physical, economic, social, and environmental conditions.

61. Topic: The Role of Urban Renewal in Revitalizing Declining Neighborhoods

• Research Question: How can urban renewal initiatives revitalize declining neighborhoods, and what are the key factors for their success?
• Overview: Explore the strategies and policies involved in urban renewal projects aimed at revitalizing declining or blighted neighborhoods. Analyze case studies of successful urban renewal efforts, focusing on factors such as community involvement, economic incentives, and sustainable development practices.

62. Topic: The Impact of Urban Renewal on Affordable Housing

• Research Question: How does urban renewal affect the availability and affordability of housing, particularly for low-income residents?
• Overview: Investigate the impact of urban renewal projects on housing markets, focusing on issues such as displacement, gentrification, and the creation of affordable housing units. Analyze strategies for balancing redevelopment goals with the need to preserve affordable housing and prevent displacement.

63. Topic: The Role of Public-Private Partnerships in Urban Renewal

• Research Question: How can public-private partnerships (PPPs) be leveraged to drive successful urban renewal projects?
• Overview: Explore the role of public-private partnerships in funding and implementing urban renewal projects, focusing on the collaboration between governments, private developers, and community organizations. Analyze the benefits and challenges of PPPs in urban renewal, using case studies to highlight successful examples.

64. Topic: The Social Implications of Urban Renewal

• Research Question: How do urban renewal projects impact the social fabric of communities, and what measures can be taken to ensure equitable development?
• Overview: Investigate the social consequences of urban renewal, including the effects on community cohesion, displacement of long-term residents, and changes in neighborhood demographics. Analyze strategies for promoting social equity in urban renewal projects, such as inclusive planning, community engagement, and equitable development policies.

65. Topic: The Environmental Benefits and Challenges of Urban Renewal

• Research Question: How can urban renewal contribute to environmental sustainability, and what are the challenges associated with green redevelopment?
• Overview: Examine the potential for urban renewal projects to enhance environmental sustainability through green building practices, sustainable land use, and the creation of green spaces. Analyze the environmental challenges associated with urban renewal, such as the remediation of contaminated sites and the integration of sustainable infrastructure.

66. Topic: The Role of Historic Preservation in Urban Renewal

• Research Question: How can historic preservation be integrated into urban renewal projects, and what are the benefits and challenges of this approach?
• Overview: Explore the intersection of urban renewal and historic preservation, focusing on the challenges of balancing redevelopment with the protection of historic sites and buildings. Analyze case studies of urban renewal projects that have successfully incorporated historic preservation, and discuss the cultural, economic, and social benefits of preserving heritage in revitalized neighborhoods.

67. Topic: The Impact of Urban Renewal on Small Businesses

• Research Question: How does urban renewal affect small businesses, and what strategies can be implemented to support them during redevelopment?
• Overview: Investigate the challenges faced by small businesses during urban renewal projects, such as rising rents, construction disruptions, and changes in customer demographics. Analyze strategies for supporting small businesses, including grants, business assistance programs, and efforts to maintain the character of commercial districts.

68. Topic: The Role of Community Engagement in Urban Renewal

• Research Question: How can community engagement enhance the effectiveness of urban renewal projects, and what are the best practices for involving residents in the planning process?
• Overview: Examine the importance of community involvement in urban renewal, focusing on how resident participation can lead to more responsive and inclusive redevelopment. Analyze methods for fostering meaningful community engagement, such as participatory planning, public forums, and collaboration with local organizations.

69. Topic: The Economic Impact of Urban Renewal on Local Economies

• Research Question: How do urban renewal projects influence local economies, and what are the potential long-term economic benefits and drawbacks?
• Overview: Explore the economic effects of urban renewal on local economies, including job creation, increased property values, and changes in the tax base. Analyze the potential for urban renewal to stimulate economic growth, as well as the risks of creating economic disparities or displacing existing businesses and residents.

70. Topic: The Challenges of Financing Urban Renewal Projects

• Research Question: What are the key challenges in financing urban renewal projects, and how can these challenges be overcome?
• Overview: Investigate the financial challenges associated with urban renewal, including securing funding, managing costs, and ensuring long-term financial sustainability. Analyze different financing models, such as tax increment financing (TIF), grants, and loans, and discuss strategies for overcoming financial obstacles to successful urban renewal.

71. Topic: The Role of Technology in Urban Renewal

• Research Question: How can technology be used to enhance the planning and implementation of urban renewal projects?
• Overview: Explore the use of technology in urban renewal, including geographic information systems (GIS), digital modeling, and smart city technologies. Analyze how technology can improve the efficiency, transparency, and community engagement in urban renewal projects, and discuss the challenges of integrating technology into traditional urban planning processes.

72. Topic: The Future of Urban Renewal: Trends and Innovations

• Research Question: What are the emerging trends and innovations in urban renewal, and how might they shape the future of cities?
• Overview: Examine the latest trends and innovations in urban renewal, such as sustainable redevelopment, mixed-use development, and adaptive reuse. Analyze how these trends are influencing the future of urban renewal projects, and discuss the potential challenges and opportunities they present for cities seeking to revitalize their urban areas.

Public spaces and urban design research paper topics

Picking this category, you can write about urban aesthetics and new trends in design , 3D pedestrian flow modelling, modern and historical landscapes, eco-friendly development, and more.

73. Topic: The Role of Temporary and Pop-Up Public Spaces in Urban Design

• Research Question: How can temporary and pop-up public spaces contribute to urban design and community engagement?
• Overview: Explore the concept of temporary public spaces, such as pop-up parks, street closures for pedestrians, and art installations, as tools for testing urban design ideas and engaging communities. Analyze the benefits and challenges of implementing temporary public spaces, including their potential to inspire long-term urban design changes.

74. Topic: The Impact of Climate Change on Public Space Design

• Research Question: How can public spaces be designed to adapt to the impacts of climate change, such as rising temperatures and extreme weather events?
• Overview: Investigate the challenges of designing public spaces that are resilient to the effects of climate change, focusing on strategies such as shade structures, water management systems, and materials that withstand extreme conditions. Analyze case studies of climate-resilient public spaces and discuss the role of urban design in mitigating climate risks.

75. Topic: The Role of Technology in Enhancing Public Spaces

• Research Question: How can technology be used to enhance the functionality and experience of public spaces in urban areas?
• Overview: Explore the integration of technology in public spaces, such as smart lighting, interactive installations, and free Wi-Fi, to improve safety, accessibility, and user experience. Analyze the benefits and challenges of incorporating technology into public space design, including issues of privacy, maintenance, and user engagement.

76. Topic: The Influence of Cultural Identity on Public Space Design

• Research Question: How does cultural identity shape the design and use of public spaces in different urban contexts?
• Overview: Investigate the relationship between cultural identity and public space design, focusing on how cultural heritage, local traditions, and community values influence the aesthetics and functionality of public spaces. Analyze case studies of culturally significant public spaces and discuss strategies for preserving and celebrating cultural identity in urban design.

77. Topic: The Challenges of Maintaining Public Spaces in Urban Areas

• Research Question: What are the key challenges of maintaining public spaces in urban areas, and how can cities address these challenges?
• Overview: Explore the issues related to the maintenance of public spaces, including vandalism, litter, wear and tear, and funding constraints. Analyze strategies for ensuring the long-term upkeep of public spaces, such as public-private partnerships, community stewardship programs, and sustainable maintenance practices.

78. Topic: The Role of Public Spaces in Enhancing Urban Quality of Life

• Research Question: How do well-designed public spaces contribute to the quality of life in urban areas?
• Overview: Explore the impact of public spaces on urban residents’ well-being, focusing on factors such as social interaction, mental health, and physical activity. Analyze case studies of cities with successful public spaces, and discuss the design principles and policies that contribute to their effectiveness.

79. Topic: The Impact of Urban Design on Social Cohesion

• Research Question: How does urban design influence social cohesion and community building in cities?
• Overview: Investigate the role of urban design in fostering social interaction and community engagement, focusing on the design of streets, parks, and plazas. Analyze how urban design can either promote or hinder social cohesion and discuss strategies for creating inclusive and accessible public spaces that bring people together.

80. Topic: The Challenges of Designing Public Spaces in High-Density Urban Areas

• Research Question: What are the challenges of designing public spaces in high-density urban areas, and how can these challenges be addressed?
• Overview: Examine the unique challenges of creating public spaces in densely populated cities, such as limited land availability, high costs, and competing land uses. Analyze innovative design solutions, such as rooftop gardens, pocket parks, and multi-use spaces, that can maximize the value of limited urban space.

81. Topic: The Role of Public Art in Enhancing Urban Spaces

• Research Question: How does public art contribute to the vibrancy and identity of urban spaces, and what are the challenges of integrating art into urban design?
• Overview: Explore the impact of public art on the aesthetics and cultural identity of cities, focusing on how it enhances public spaces and fosters community pride. Analyze the challenges of incorporating public art into urban design, such as funding, maintenance, and community acceptance, and discuss strategies for successful integration.

82. Topic: The Importance of Accessibility in Public Space Design

• Research Question: How can urban designers ensure that public spaces are accessible to all residents, including those with disabilities?
• Overview: Investigate the principles of inclusive design in the creation of public spaces, focusing on how accessibility features such as ramps, tactile paving, and signage can be integrated into urban environments. Analyze the challenges of retrofitting existing public spaces to improve accessibility and discuss best practices for designing new spaces that meet the needs of all users.

83. Topic: The Role of Green Infrastructure in Public Space Design

• Research Question: How can green infrastructure be incorporated into public space design to enhance urban sustainability and resilience?
• Overview: Explore the integration of green infrastructure, such as rain gardens, bioswales, and green roofs, into public spaces to improve environmental sustainability and urban resilience. Analyze the benefits of green infrastructure for stormwater management, air quality, and urban heat island mitigation, and discuss the challenges of implementation and maintenance.

84. Topic: The Impact of Public Spaces on Economic Development

• Research Question: How do well-designed public spaces contribute to local economic development in urban areas?
• Overview: Investigate the relationship between public spaces and economic development, focusing on how parks, plazas, and pedestrian-friendly streets can attract businesses, tourism, and investment. Analyze case studies of cities that have leveraged public spaces for economic growth and discuss strategies for maximizing the economic potential of public space design.

Gentrification research paper topics

This assignment can include information about Highland Park geography environment and gentrification, urban planning in a certain city, gentrification issues, how gentrification is connected with neighborhood revitalization, and more.

85. Topic: The Causes of Gentrification in Urban Areas

• Research Question: What are the primary factors driving gentrification in urban neighborhoods, and how do these factors interact?
• Overview: Explore the economic, social, and cultural factors that contribute to gentrification, including real estate investment, changing demographics, and urban renewal policies. Analyze how these factors interact to accelerate gentrification in specific neighborhoods and discuss potential preventative measures.

86. Topic: The Impact of Gentrification on Housing Affordability

• Research Question: How does gentrification affect housing affordability for existing residents, and what policies can mitigate these effects?
• Overview: Investigate the relationship between gentrification and rising housing costs, focusing on how increased demand for housing in gentrifying areas leads to displacement and reduced affordability for long-term residents. Analyze policies such as rent control, affordable housing mandates, and community land trusts as potential solutions.

87. Topic: The Role of Government Policy in Gentrification

• Research Question: How do government policies and urban planning decisions contribute to the process of gentrification?
• Overview: Examine the role of zoning laws, tax incentives, and urban renewal projects in facilitating gentrification. Analyze the impact of these policies on neighborhood change and discuss potential reforms to balance economic development with the protection of vulnerable communities.

88. Topic: The Social and Cultural Impacts of Gentrification

• Research Question: How does gentrification affect the social and cultural fabric of urban neighborhoods?
• Overview: Explore the social and cultural consequences of gentrification, including changes in community identity, the loss of cultural landmarks, and shifts in neighborhood demographics. Analyze the experiences of long-term residents and discuss strategies for preserving cultural heritage in gentrifying areas.

89. Topic: The Displacement Effects of Gentrification on Vulnerable Populations

• Research Question: What are the displacement effects of gentrification on vulnerable populations, and how can cities prevent or reduce these impacts?
• Overview: Investigate how gentrification leads to the displacement of low-income residents, seniors, and minority communities. Analyze the effectiveness of anti-displacement strategies, such as tenant protections, relocation assistance, and affordable housing preservation, in mitigating these effects.

90. Topic: Gentrification and Environmental Justice

• Research Question: How does gentrification intersect with environmental justice, and what are the implications for marginalized communities?
• Overview: Examine the environmental impacts of gentrification, including the potential for green gentrification, where environmental improvements lead to increased property values and displacement. Analyze how gentrification can exacerbate environmental inequalities and discuss strategies for promoting environmental justice in gentrifying neighborhoods.

91. Topic: The Economic Benefits and Drawbacks of Gentrification

• Research Question: What are the economic benefits and drawbacks of gentrification for cities, neighborhoods, and residents?
• Overview: Explore the economic impacts of gentrification, such as increased property values, new business development, and job creation, alongside the negative effects, including rising living costs and economic displacement. Analyze how cities can harness the benefits of gentrification while minimizing its negative consequences.

92. Topic: The Role of Arts and Culture in Gentrification

• Research Question: How do arts and culture contribute to the process of gentrification, and what are the implications for creative communities?
• Overview: Investigate the role of arts and cultural activities in attracting new residents and investors to urban neighborhoods, often leading to gentrification. Analyze the impact of gentrification on creative communities, including the displacement of artists and the commercialization of cultural spaces, and discuss strategies for supporting arts and culture in gentrifying areas.

93. Topic: Gentrification and Public Health: Assessing the Impacts

• Research Question: How does gentrification impact public health outcomes in affected neighborhoods?
• Overview: Explore the public health implications of gentrification, including changes in access to healthcare, mental health effects, and shifts in community health resources. Analyze how gentrification can both positively and negatively affect public health, and discuss strategies for ensuring equitable health outcomes in gentrifying areas.

94. Topic: The Role of Community Resistance in Shaping Gentrification

• Research Question: How do community resistance movements influence the trajectory of gentrification, and what strategies have been effective in preserving neighborhoods?
• Overview: Examine the role of grassroots activism and community organizing in opposing or shaping gentrification. Analyze case studies of successful resistance efforts, such as the formation of community land trusts, housing cooperatives, and advocacy for stronger tenant protections, and discuss the challenges and successes of these movements.

95. Topic: Gentrification and the Future of Urban Neighborhoods

• Research Question: What are the potential long-term effects of gentrification on the future of urban neighborhoods, and how can cities plan for sustainable and inclusive growth?
• Overview: Investigate the long-term impacts of gentrification on urban neighborhoods, including changes in economic structure, social dynamics, and urban planning. Analyze strategies for planning sustainable and inclusive urban growth that balances the needs of existing residents with economic development goals.

96. Topic: The Media’s Role in Shaping Perceptions of Gentrification

• Research Question: How does media coverage influence public perceptions of gentrification, and what impact does this have on policy and public opinion?
• Overview: Explore the role of media in shaping narratives around gentrification, including the portrayal of gentrifiers, displaced residents, and neighborhood change. Analyze how media coverage affects public opinion and policy decisions related to gentrification, and discuss the responsibility of media in providing balanced and accurate reporting.

Zoning and land use planning research paper topics

Here, you can talk about the five concepts included in land use planning, the challenges of this process, and political interference.

97. Topic: The Evolution of Zoning Laws: Historical Perspectives and Contemporary Challenges

• Research Question: How have zoning laws evolved over time, and what challenges do they face in modern urban planning?
• Overview: Explore the historical development of zoning laws, from their origins to contemporary applications, focusing on the changing priorities and challenges in urban planning. Analyze the impact of zoning on land use patterns, housing, and social equity, and discuss potential reforms to address current issues.

98. Topic: The Role of Zoning in Promoting Sustainable Development

• Research Question: How can zoning regulations be used to promote sustainable development in urban areas?
• Overview: Investigate the use of zoning as a tool for promoting sustainability, focusing on practices such as mixed-use development, green building standards, and the preservation of open spaces. Analyze case studies where zoning has successfully encouraged sustainable development, and discuss the challenges of balancing environmental goals with economic and social needs.

99. Topic: The Impact of Zoning on Affordable Housing Supply

• Research Question: How do zoning regulations affect the availability and distribution of affordable housing in urban areas?
• Overview: Examine the relationship between zoning and affordable housing, focusing on how restrictions such as minimum lot sizes, density limits, and exclusionary zoning can limit housing options for low-income residents. Analyze potential zoning reforms that could increase the supply of affordable housing, such as upzoning, inclusionary zoning, and relaxed land use restrictions.

100. Topic: The Role of Land Use Planning in Addressing Urban Sprawl

• Research Question: How can land use planning be used to mitigate the effects of urban sprawl and promote more compact urban growth?
• Overview: Explore the impact of urban sprawl on cities and the environment, focusing on how land use planning can encourage more efficient land use, reduce reliance on automobiles, and preserve natural areas. Analyze strategies such as smart growth, transit-oriented development, and infill development as tools to combat sprawl.

101. Topic: Zoning and Economic Development: Balancing Growth with Community Needs

• Research Question: How can zoning regulations balance the goals of economic development with the needs and desires of local communities?
• Overview: Investigate the role of zoning in facilitating economic growth, such as attracting businesses and supporting job creation, while also addressing the needs of local communities. Analyze the potential conflicts between development and community interests, and discuss strategies for achieving a balance, including community benefits agreements and participatory planning processes.

102. Topic: The Impact of Zoning on Social Equity and Inclusion

• Research Question: How do zoning policies contribute to or mitigate social inequities in urban areas, and what reforms can promote greater inclusion?
• Overview: Explore the role of zoning in shaping social equity, focusing on how exclusionary zoning practices have historically contributed to segregation and inequality. Analyze reforms such as inclusionary zoning, equitable land use planning, and community land trusts that aim to create more inclusive and equitable urban environments.

103. Topic: The Challenges of Implementing Mixed-Use Zoning

• Research Question: What are the challenges and benefits of implementing mixed-use zoning in urban areas, and how can cities overcome these challenges?
• Overview: Investigate the concept of mixed-use zoning, which allows for the combination of residential, commercial, and industrial uses within a single area. Analyze the benefits of mixed-use development for creating vibrant, walkable neighborhoods, and discuss the challenges of implementing mixed-use zoning, such as compatibility issues, infrastructure needs, and community resistance.

104. Topic: The Role of Zoning in Preserving Historic Districts

• Research Question: How can zoning be used to preserve historic districts while accommodating modern development needs?
• Overview: Explore the role of zoning in protecting historic districts, focusing on how zoning regulations can be designed to preserve the character and integrity of historic areas. Analyze the challenges of balancing preservation with development, and discuss strategies for integrating new construction into historic contexts without compromising heritage values.

105. Topic: The Impact of Zoning on Transportation and Mobility

• Research Question: How do zoning regulations influence transportation patterns and mobility in urban areas?
• Overview: Examine the relationship between zoning and transportation, focusing on how zoning decisions affect the availability and accessibility of public transit, walkability, and traffic congestion. Analyze strategies for integrating transportation and land use planning, such as transit-oriented development and parking reforms, to improve urban mobility.

106. Topic: The Role of Zoning in Addressing Climate Change

• Research Question: How can zoning and land use planning be leveraged to combat climate change and promote resilience in urban areas?
• Overview: Investigate the potential of zoning to address climate change, focusing on strategies such as promoting compact development, protecting natural resources, and reducing carbon emissions through green building standards. Analyze how zoning can be adapted to support climate resilience, including floodplain management, renewable energy integration, and the creation of green infrastructure.

107. Topic: The Challenges of Zoning Reform in Urban Areas

• Research Question: What are the key challenges of zoning reform, and how can cities successfully implement changes to outdated zoning codes?
• Overview: Explore the difficulties of reforming existing zoning codes, focusing on issues such as political opposition, legal constraints, and community resistance. Analyze successful examples of zoning reform, and discuss strategies for overcoming challenges, including stakeholder engagement, public education, and phased implementation.

108. Topic: The Role of Zoning in Managing Urban Growth Boundaries

• Research Question: How can zoning be used to manage urban growth boundaries and prevent uncontrolled urban expansion?
• Overview: Investigate the use of urban growth boundaries (UGBs) as a zoning tool to limit sprawl and direct growth within designated areas. Analyze the effectiveness of UGBs in managing growth, preserving open space, and encouraging sustainable development, and discuss the challenges of enforcing and maintaining these boundaries over time.

Urban resilience research paper topics

When choosing this category, you can decide to research the concepts of urban resilience, the five dimensions of urban resilience, nature-based solutions, factors, examples, and more.

109. Topic: The Role of Urban Resilience in Disaster Risk Reduction

• Research Question: How can urban resilience strategies be used to reduce the risk and impact of natural disasters in cities?
• Overview: Explore the importance of urban resilience in mitigating the effects of natural disasters, such as earthquakes, floods, and hurricanes. Analyze strategies such as disaster preparedness planning, resilient infrastructure design, and community-based risk reduction to enhance urban resilience.

110. Topic: Building Climate-Resilient Cities: Challenges and Strategies

• Research Question: What are the key challenges cities face in building climate resilience, and what strategies can be implemented to address these challenges?
• Overview: Investigate the challenges of making cities resilient to the impacts of climate change, including rising sea levels, heatwaves, and extreme weather events. Analyze strategies such as green infrastructure, adaptive urban planning, and climate-responsive building codes to strengthen urban resilience.

111. Topic: The Economic Impacts of Urban Resilience Investments

• Research Question: How do investments in urban resilience affect the economic stability and growth of cities?
• Overview: Explore the economic benefits and costs associated with investing in urban resilience, including reduced disaster recovery costs, increased property values, and job creation. Analyze case studies of cities that have made significant resilience investments and discuss the long-term economic impacts of these efforts.

112. Topic: The Role of Social Equity in Urban Resilience

• Research Question: How can urban resilience strategies be designed to address social equity and protect vulnerable populations?
• Overview: Investigate the intersection of urban resilience and social equity, focusing on how resilience planning can include and protect marginalized communities. Analyze strategies such as equitable resource distribution, inclusive planning processes, and targeted support for vulnerable populations to ensure that resilience efforts benefit all residents.

113. Topic: The Impact of Urban Design on Resilience to Climate Change

• Research Question: How can urban design contribute to the resilience of cities in the face of climate change?
• Overview: Explore how urban design can enhance the resilience of cities to climate-related challenges, such as heat islands, flooding, and storm surges. Analyze design principles such as passive cooling, flood-adapted architecture, and resilient public spaces that can help cities withstand and recover from climate impacts.

114. Topic: The Role of Technology in Enhancing Urban Resilience

• Research Question: How can emerging technologies be leveraged to improve urban resilience against natural and man-made threats?
• Overview: Investigate the role of technologies such as IoT, data analytics, and smart infrastructure in enhancing urban resilience. Analyze how these technologies can improve early warning systems, real-time monitoring, and disaster response capabilities, and discuss the challenges of integrating technology into urban resilience strategies.

115. Topic: Urban Resilience and Public Health: Preparing for Future Pandemics

• Research Question: How can urban resilience frameworks be adapted to improve public health outcomes and prepare for future pandemics?
• Overview: Examine the relationship between urban resilience and public health, focusing on how cities can strengthen their ability to respond to pandemics and other public health emergencies. Analyze strategies such as decentralized healthcare, adaptive urban spaces, and resilient supply chains to enhance public health resilience.

116. Topic: The Role of Community Engagement in Urban Resilience

• Research Question: How can community engagement be integrated into urban resilience planning to ensure effective and inclusive outcomes?
• Overview: Explore the importance of involving communities in urban resilience planning, focusing on how grassroots initiatives, participatory planning, and local knowledge can enhance resilience efforts. Analyze case studies where community engagement has led to successful resilience outcomes and discuss best practices for fostering active community participation.

117. Topic: The Role of Policy in Promoting Urban Resilience

• Research Question: How can urban policies be designed to promote resilience and reduce vulnerability to disasters?
• Overview: Investigate the role of local, national, and international policies in supporting urban resilience, focusing on frameworks such as the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction and climate adaptation plans. Analyze how policy can guide urban planning, infrastructure investment, and community engagement to build more resilient cities.

118. Topic: The Resilience of Urban Infrastructure: Assessing Vulnerabilities and Solutions

• Research Question: What are the vulnerabilities of urban infrastructure to natural and man-made threats, and how can they be addressed to enhance resilience?
• Overview: Examine the vulnerabilities of critical urban infrastructure, such as transportation networks, water supply, and energy grids, to various threats. Analyze strategies for enhancing infrastructure resilience, including redundancy, modular design, and the use of resilient materials, and discuss the challenges of retrofitting existing infrastructure.

119. Topic: The Role of Green Infrastructure in Urban Resilience

• Research Question: How can green infrastructure contribute to the resilience of urban areas against environmental threats?
• Overview: Explore the benefits of green infrastructure, such as parks, green roofs, and urban wetlands, in enhancing urban resilience to environmental challenges like flooding, heatwaves, and air pollution. Analyze how green infrastructure can be integrated into urban planning to provide ecological, social, and economic resilience benefits.

120. Topic: The Future of Urban Resilience: Innovations and Emerging Trends

• Research Question: What are the emerging trends and innovations in urban resilience, and how might they shape the future of resilient cities?
• Overview: Investigate the latest trends and innovations in urban resilience, such as climate-responsive architecture, resilient urban ecosystems, and cross-sectoral collaboration. Analyze how these emerging approaches are transforming urban resilience planning and discuss the potential challenges and opportunities they present for the future of cities.

Final Thoughts

Urban planning and development happen to be a very interesting area when it comes to research. That is why there is a wide variety of topics to write about.

If you still find it hard to pick a topic or cannot complete your assignment , you can ask for help. Writing Metier has a team of professional writers who will provide you with a top-quality paper . All you need to do is to contact them, and they will do their best to meet your expectations.

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Laura Orta is an avid author on Writing Metier's blog. Before embarking on her writing career, she practiced media law in one of the local media. Aside from writing, she works as a private tutor to help students with their academic needs. Laura and her husband share their home near the ocean in northern Portugal with two extraordinary boys and a lifetime collection of books.

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Urban Planning Dissertation Topics Ideas and Examples

Published by Owen Ingram at January 5th, 2023 , Revised On March 24, 2023

Urban planning is an essential tool in creating vibrant and healthy communities. It is the practice of balancing the needs of a society with limited resources to ensure equitable development and long-term sustainability. Urban planners work at all scales, from local communities to global initiatives, helping to shape cities, regions and even entire countries.

At its core, urban planning focuses on improving the quality of life through efficient use of land, transportation networks and public services such as education and healthcare facilities.

Planning can be a powerful tool in tackling social issues like poverty, inequality and environmental degradation by finding smart solutions that meet people’s needs while preserving natural resources.

This can include everything from designing walkable neighbourhoods that promote physical activity to creating green spaces that clean air pollutants out of the atmosphere.

Conducting research on urban planning topics is essential for students writing dissertations because it allows them to understand the field better while developing critical thinking skills.

Researching urban planning topics gives students insight into life within various cities and towns worldwide. Knowing how different areas have developed over time can help inform future decisions shaping our society.

Research projects give students hands-on experience conducting surveys and collecting data, which can then be used to formulate opinions about current issues facing cities and regions today.

How to Choose the Best Urban Planning Dissertation Topic

Choosing a dissertation topic for urban planning can be one of the most challenging and rewarding. It’s essential for students to take the time to carefully research and assess different topics, as this will form the basis for their entire dissertation project.

The following tips will help students choose a dissertation topic that connects with their interests while also contributing something new and exciting to urban planning literature.

• First, students must consider what topics they are passionate about within urban planning.
• Doing so may reveal potential research gaps or intersections, which could become their project’s focus.
• Identifying any specific industry trends or current debates in this area is also beneficial and could provide an impetus for conducting original research.

List of Urban Planning Dissertation Topics

• Chinese urban planning at fifty: an assessment of the planning theory literature
• Shifting approaches to planning theory: Global North and South
•  Disintegrated development at the rural-urban fringe: Re-connecting spatial planning theory and practice
• Computer-supported participation in urban planning from the viewpoint of “Communicative Planning Theory.”
• Jaqueline Tyrwhitt: a transnational life in urban planning and design
• A serious Digital game for urban planning: “B3—Design your marketplace!”
• The value of community informatics to participatory urban planning and design: a case study in Helsinki
• Urban planning and development in Tehran
• Application of system dynamics model as a decision-making tool in urban planning process toward stabilising carbon dioxide emissions from cities
• Property, politics, and urban planning: a history of Australian city planning, 1890-1990
• The making of urban America: a history of city planning in the United States
• Slope instability in static and dynamic conditions for urban planning: the ‘Oltre Po Pavese’case history (Regione Lombardia–Italy)
• The impact of sanitary reform upon American urban planning, 1840-1890
•  The capital of Europe: Architecture and urban planning for the European Union
• Settlement history and urban planning at Zincirli Höyük, southern Turkey
• Urban transportation planning in the United States: history, policy, and practice
• Beyond the colonial city: Re-evaluating the urban history of India, ca. 1920–1970
• Shadows of planning: on landscape/planning history and inherited landscape ambiguities at the urban fringe
• White cities, linguistic turns, and Disneylands: The new paradigms of urban history
• Analysis of problems in urban green space system planning in China
• Lagos (Nigeria) flooding and influence of urban planning
• Reusing organic solid waste in urban farming in African cities: A challenge for urban planners
• An assessment of public participation GIS and Web 2.0 technologies in urban planning practice in Canela, Brazil
• City of change and challenge: Urban planning and regeneration in Liverpool
• Urban planning in Russia: towards the market

What is the Importance of Choosing the Correct Urban Planning Research Topic

Urban planning is a very important topic for students to study, as it helps them understand the complexities of city life and its many related disciplines. When researching an urban planning dissertation topic, students should carefully consider their approach and the structure of their research project.

An excellent urban planning dissertation topic can help students better understand the issues, provide insight into potential solutions, and even develop new ideas for further investigation.

When selecting an urban planning dissertation topic, it is important for students to consider their interests in the subject matter. Choosing a topic that aligns with students’ interests will often result in more meaningful results and may lead to exciting discoveries.

Students should also be aware of current events or trends relevant to their chosen field, as these can provide invaluable insights into urban planning topics.

How Can ResearchProspect Help?

ResearchProspect writers can send several custom topic ideas to your email address. Once you have chosen a topic that suits your needs and interests, you can order for our dissertation outline service which will include a brief introduction to the topic, research questions , literature review , methodology , expected results , and conclusion . The dissertation outline will enable you to review the quality of our work before placing the order for our full dissertation writing service!

FAQ’s About Urban Planning Dissertation Ideas

When to choose the urban planning dissertation topic.

In terms of choosing a topic for the dissertation, students should take into account the time of their academic year. Having enough time for research is important. In case you do not have time to write your dissertation, visit our website and see our services .

How do I choose the most appropriate urban planning dissertation topic?

The best way to choose an appropriate topic is by doing research on various topics related to urban planning. Consider what research you want to do and how much time you have to write your dissertation.

Examining journals and publications that explore urban planning issues can give you ideas about potential topics for your dissertation. Additionally, attending conferences or seminars related to urban planning can provide insight into current research in this field.

Can I use these topics for my dissertation?

The topics listed here can be used for your dissertation. There are a variety of topics you can use depending on the type of research project you are doing.

Have other students used these topics already?

These dissertation topics may have already been used by other students. You can order unique dissertation topics on our website if you need topics that have never been used before.

Can ResearchProspect provide unique and customised urban planning dissertation topics?

Yes, ResearchProspect provide unique and customised Urban Planning dissertation topics.

Can you make a research proposal on my selected topic?

Yes, we can develop a research proposal for your chosen topic. On our website, you can order research proposal topics or learn more about our proposal writing services .

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Best Topics for Research in Urban Design and Planning

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Research in urban and regional planning has grown tremendously in the recent decade. T his section contains the best and most relevant topics related to research in Urban design and regional planning.

Areas of Study

Mediated city.

This theme builds on work done by Kevin Lynch in the early years of the program and focuses on how form and meaning are perceived and communicated in the current city. At issue are the effects of advanced information technology on contemporary culture, as well as the increasing importance of narrative on the form and design of cities. Our work around this theme seeks to understand how urban experience is shaped by the preservation of culture, history and memory, by the development of new kinds of “mediated” places and activities in the public realm. We are also interested in the tools and technologies by which changes in urban form and landscape can be visualized and understood.

Urban Transformation

This theme is concerned with the future of cities and regions of the 20th century. Industrial land, infrastructure, warehouses, housing, ports and waterfronts, rail-lines and depots, mines and oil fields, are among an inventory of abandonment, all seeking temporary and permanent re-use. Our inquiries around this theme hope to clarify new design approaches to urban and regional transformation, involving elements such as education, ecology, retrofitting and cultural development as well as new forms of housing and transportation.

Urban Performance

The quality of urban life and work is currently being challenged and shaped by many forces such as demographic patterns (aging and disability, for example), international economics (globalization and the demise of distance), and environmental pressures (sustainability, resource conservation, energy). Our inquiries around this theme ask how cities can be reshaped in the face of these forces; how design and construction standards affect livability and energy consumption; what role citizens should play in determining urban quality in a contemporary democracy; and how one understands the form of the vast, poor urban areas of the world and the enormous discrepancy between them and places of wealth.

Design Paradigms

With the re-evaluation/repudiation of modernism as the dominant perspective on design, this theme takes to task the development of design paradigms appropriate to contemporary urban circumstances both in the United States and other parts of the globe. Our inquiries around this theme center on the making of good public places, the expression of private and public environments in the city, the aesthetics of popular demand, the reshaping of the form of low-density cities and public housing, and the role that design can play in the changing peripheries of cities.

Managing and financing urban infrastructure

As cities expand and incomes increase, finding innovative solutions for sustainable mobility becomes increasingly important. This specialisation seeks to provide hands-on knowledge and expertise on how local governments can most efficiently manage, finance and operate municipal infrastructure to deliver desired levels of service.

This specialisation is connected to IHS’ Green City work field in which providing resilient, energy efficient and smart infrastructure play a prominent role in helping cities to become more sustainable and green. The primary focus is on developing countries and countries in transition.

Urban housing, equity and social Justice

Housing should be understood as ‘more than houses’. Researchers active within this strand of research strive to link housing issues with the livelihoods strategies of the urban poor. In addition, livelihood assets are analysed in view of their vulnerability and institutional context.

This translates into the importance of looking at the housing problem from a holistic standpoint. Physical, political, social, economic and environmental issues interrelate with each other. The objective is to produce urban environments that should ultimately reduce poverty, and increase quality of life. Both housing and social policies, strategies and instruments need to be designed with a clear understanding of these aspects if they are ever to efficiently address the problem of urbanisation of poverty.

Urban Environment, sustainability and climate Change

Cities all over the world experience severe environmental and climate change related problems. This research theme addresses new approaches for urban environment and climate change management.

UECC is one of IHS’ largest research teams that works towards understanding the impact and use of urban environmental policies and instruments including urban climate change adaptation and mitigation strategies.

Urban strategies and planning

Around the world, urban professionals increasingly face challenges such as accelerated urbanisation, an increase in informal housing, and climate change. In order to deal with these challenges urban planning has moved away from comprehensive master plans to more flexible strategic plans. Contemporary strategic planning integrates more social and economic considerations into the physical and spatial dimensions of planning.

Researcher within this specialisation seeks to offer creative and innovative solutions to better understand the needs of different social and economic interests within urban planning management. Different from the classical study of urban planning, this strand focusses on the combination of urban planning policies, city development strategies and public-private partnerships.

Urban competitiveness and resilience

Cities cannot be understood as autonomous entities. There are affected by complex processes on the local, regional and global scale. Given the increasing dependency of cities on global economic networks, it is crucial to find the balance between social wellbeing, local economic development and global strategies that can ensure resilience to socioeconomic shocks and fluctuations.

This research theme investigates how globalisation processes, local economic development, and urban conditions can enable cities to successfully compete or collaborate with other cities on various scales. This is done by analysing and comparing urban networks, economic geography, foreign direct investments and local economic development as well as city marketing and branding.

Urban Conservation

Urban conservation is concerned with those parts of the built environment that are of architectural or historic significance. This includes buildings (individually or in groups), localities (streets, blocks, environments or precincts), special gardens or landscapes, and other structures.

Researchers, advocates and policymakers have proposed urban conservation as an emerging, integrative discipline that can contribute to sustainable cities by delivering co-benefits to human and non-human components of biodiversity

Research Topics:

Spatial planning.

• Growth Effects of Urban-Rural and Intra-Regional Linkages on Non-Metropolitan Counties and Communities
• Spatial Distribution of Best Management Practices for Stormwater Management
• The application of computer-based information systems to urban planning and public policy making
• How are the urban poor involved in the design and implementation of neighbourhood development programmes?
• What is the impact of neighbourhood development programmes on the local initiatives and livelihoods of the urban poor?
• Urbanization As An Important Determinant In Spatial Organization
• Effects Of Rural-Urban Migration On Public Utilities 
• Assessing The Spatial Distribution And Locational Impact Of Petrol Service Stations 
• Appraisal Of The Urban Management Challenge Of Informal Land Delivery

Urban Housing

• Relationships and Support: A Qualitative Study of Homeless Families 
• Comparative analysis of rent differential in selected residential areas 
• The Role Of Co-Operative Societies Towards Development Of Rural Communities  
• Cluster Planning and Cluster Strategy in Regional Economic Development Organizations
• The Broader Social Network of Community Planning: A Diagnostic Tool for Communities to Assess Their Planning Capacity
• Sustainable Urban Housing Development through Planning Mechanism
• Migration Patterns and Its Impact On Urbanization And Urban Housing
• Housing transformation, rent gap and gentrification
• Impact Of Slum On Value Of Residential Properties
• Social housing in low and middle-income countries (incl. public housing, government-built housing, subsidized housing programmes, low-income housing, affordable housing)
• Infrastructural Development, Real Estate Agency Rebranding And Review Of National Housing Policy
• The Impact Of Industrialization On Rural Development
• The Role Of Private Partnership In Housing Finance, Delivery And Maintenance 

Urban Public Spaces

• Multifunctional public open spaces for sustainable cities
• Immigrations in the public space: understanding urban cultural landscapes
• Urban Public Space as Social Interaction Space
• Modeling, analyzing, and visualizing human space appropriation
• Smart engagement for smart cities: Design patterns for digitally augmented, situated community engagement
• Evaluating publicness of public spaces
• Informal public places and its transforming patterns in the city
• Urban public realm : a spatial manifest of culture
• City planning strategies for women’s safety in public spaces

Urban Transportation

• The implementation of an integrated transportation planning model with GIS and expert systems for interactive transportation planning 
• Increasing freight transport efficiency using intermodal transport.
• Epidemic and mobility. A New Paradigm for mobility plans after the Covid-19 crisis
• Alternatives Selection for Sustainable Transportation System.
• Sustainable management of public transportation system
• Environmental impacts of everyday mobility
• Environmental assessment of public bus transportation systems
• Minimization of Fuel Consumption in City Bus Transportation
• Proposed framework for sustainability screening of urban transport projects in developing countries
• Effects of speed management and roadway parameters on traffic flow along arterials
• Sustainability and business management in transportation companies
• Factors that contribute to unsafe behavior and leads to an unsustainable urban transport
• Safety and security of women and girls in public transport
• Inclusive public transportation for differently abled people 
• Challenges in provision of universally accessible tansport facilities
• Assessment Of Urban Bus Service
• Analysis Of Intra Urban Traffic Problems In Rivers State
• Urban Futures: Transportation in an Era of Fuel Shortages

Environmental Issues

• Sustainable and green energy
• Impact Of Environmental Planning On Rural Development
• An Assessment Of Cross Ventilation In Public Buildings
• Flood Generating Structures In Kubwa Urban Landscape
• Assessment Of Impact Of Urbanization 
• Causes Of Excess Flood
• Impact Of Environmental Problems
• Consequences Of Incompatible Land Uses On The Environment
• The role of urban spatial structure in reducing VMT and GHG emissions 
• Impact of climate change on the ecological state of earth natural resources.
• Impact of climate change on agricultural activities across the globe.
• Solutions to the current climate change crisis.
• Future implications of climate change with the current trends
• Urban governance arrangements for climate change adaptation

Heritage Conservation

• The Urban Conservation Approach
• The Role of Public-Private Partnerships and the Third Sector in Conserving Heritage Buildings, Sites, and Historic Urban Areas
• Urban Conservation and Regeneration
• Managing change in the historical city
• A framework for adapting urban forests to climate change
• Equity in Heritage Conservation
• The Role of Traditional Neighborhood Centers in Procreating Sense of Place in the Modern Cities
• Heritage place inventory: A tool for establishing the significance of places
• Building Conservation and Urban Regeneration
• Historic Preservation as Urban Regeneration 
• The creative response to ruins following the conservation principle
• Historic Cinemas Conservation: The Difficulty of Re-Development Proposals
• A Study of Heritage Authenticity in the Context of Heritage Tourism
• Historic Cinemas Conservation
• Revitalisation of urban areas with heritage value – towards a heritage precinct conservation and improvement plan
• Repair techniques for conservation of heritage structures
• Planning urban heritage through stakeholder participation 
• Rethinking adaptive reuse
• Heritage conservation and cultural continuity
• Landscape management of a heritage site
• Landscape management and conservation of biodiversity 
• Industrial heritage 

GIS, Space syntax and Bigdata

• Geospatial data for energy, environmental science, climate change, and geology-related research
• Geospatial data and maps for research on humanitarian topics. Includes data on armed conflict, agriculture & food security, refugees, and links to multidisciplinary humanitarian data repositories.
• Crowd Simulation – Mastering the collective dynamics of interacting objects in urban phenomena at the scale of individual households, people, and units of real estate and at time scales approaching “real-time”
• City Engine – Assessing feasibility and plan implementation using Esri’s City Engine improving urban planning, architecture, and overall design
• Integration of GIS and BIM – Operating a facility with BIM (building information modeling) because of its ability to analyze information and integrate data from different systems. 
• Urban Model Development Feasibility – Evaluating multiple land use scenarios; testing and refining transportation plans; producing small-area concept plans, and modeling complex regional issues with Envision Tomorrow
•  Building Footprints – Crowd-sourcing digital mapping
• Land Use Policy – Reproducing individual behavior with agent-based modeling to simulate their behaviors and outcomes having a direct impact on the surrounding landscape.
• Space Syntax Models – Gaining a better understanding of human behavior and connectivity through a graphic representation of space configuration in urban structures
• Future Development Patterns – Locating future growth and evaluating scenarios such as loss of prime agricultural land.
• Land Use – Generating polygons and classification with the multi-resolution segmentation algorithm
• Homeless Shelters – Analyzing urban inequalities and homelessness to allocate homeless shelters appropriately.
• Web-Based GIS for Collaborative Planning and Public Participation: An Application to The Strategic Planning
• Web Based Geo-Information Services for Land Use Planning.
• Water Balance of a Catchment: A Remote Sensing and GIS Approach.
• Visualizing The Application of GIS in Transformation Towards a Sustainable Development and A Low Carbon Society.
• Using GIS to Study Lusters of Urban Crime and Safety in Transport Nodes.
• Using GIS for Developing Sustainable Urban Growth.
• Use of GIS in City Planning Development Enforcement and EIA
• Use of GIS as A Tool to Improvement of Solid Waste Management 
• Urban Land Use Land Cover Classification Performance of Machine Learning (ML) Algorithms and Change Detection.

Other Topics related to other urban design and planning:

• Managing urban infrastructure and building projects
• Water, Sanitation and The Modern City
• From Mosques and Coffeehouses to Squares and Cafes: The Production and Transformation of Political Public Spaces and Social Life
• Contested Politics and the Production of Urban Space 
• Foreign Investments and City Making
• Urban Development and Quality of Life of the Elderly
• Moving towards disaster: examining the changing patterns of social vulnerability in a multi-hazard urban environment
• Sustainable drink water sanitation
• What type of initiatives do the urban poor (low-income families, slum dwellers) take, individually or collectively, to improve the liveability of their settlement?
• The relationship between different urban designs and environmental impacts
• Multi-level and multi-actor governance
• Climate change and environmental decision making and finance
• How are cities planned?
• What visions does urban planning follow and whose vision is it?
• What are the underlying features of urban development and what is the role of self-organisation?
• How do micro-interventions (such as placemaking and streetscaping) connect with planning and implementation on the municipal and national levels?
• What factors determines a city’s global competitiveness?
• What urban characteristics are attract foreign direct investments?
• How to develop more resilient cities with healthy relationships between local, regional and global interests?
• Which economic sectors should be promoted in order to boost sustainable local economic development and social wellbeing?
• How does global economic unevenness affect economic inequality in African countries and cities?
• Evaluation Of Cost Recovery For Water Supply
• An Assessment Of Tourism Potentials
• Analysis Of The Effects Of Socio-Economic Characteristics On Tourism Habits Among Residents
• Analysis Of The Patronage Characteristics Of Tourism Destinations
• Analysis Of Women’S Participation And Incorporation In Waste Picking And Solid Waste Management
• Appraisal Of Tourism Habits Of Academic Staff
• Assessment Of Residents’Attitudes Towards Recreation 
• Appraisal Of Sanitary Facilities In Public Areas
• Agricultural Information Sources And The Production Capacity Of Cassava Farmers In Akwa Ibom North West Senatorial District
• Self-Help Programmes And Rural Development In Ibiono Ibom Local Government Area
• Tenement Housing And Induced Domestic Conflict
• Waste Generation And Management Strategies
• Impact Of Public Pit Toilet System And Its Associated Problems
• Problems And Prospects Of Land Registration 
• Causes Of Construction Project Failures And Abandonment
• The Impact of Urban Relocation: A Follow-Up Study

What other topics should be added in the list?—Leave a comment below.

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New Ideas in Urban Research: Research Questions and Findings from Penn IUR’s Emerging Scholars

Artistic rendering of a city skyline by Dee Ashley via Flicker Creative Commons.

Penn IUR is invested in supporting and encouraging a new generation of urban scholars who are identifying and pursuing key questions related to urbanization. For this month’s issue of  Urban Link , we interviewed some of our most recent PhDs to get a feel for the issues that they consider important or that they are currently pursuing in their research. 

• Benchmarking Economic Development and Environmental Protection for Rural Agricultural Communities | Catherine Brinkley
• Redefining Food Deserts | Ben Chrisinger
• Place-Based Initiatives and Neighborhood Revitalization: Who Benefits and Who Loses from University Initiatives in Neighborhoods? | Meagan Ehlenz
• Proximal Greening:  A Distinct Form and Possible Norm for 21st Century Urban Design : | Theodore Eisenman
• Costal Green Infrastructure and Resilience Projects (Plus, a Grassroots Political Organizing Project) | Billy Fleming
• Housing Affordability in Canadian Metropolitan Areas | Albert Han
• Consequences and Geographic Factors of Police Transport for Traumatically Injured Patients | Sara Jacoby
• Distributed Stormwater Management Techniques in Cities and Urban Regions | Theodore Lim
• Can US Metropolitan Areas Use Large Commercial Airports as Tools to Bolster Regional Economic Growth? | Simon Mosbah
• Philanthropy, Partnership and Innovation: 21st Century Urban Revitalization in US Legacy Cities | Mary Rocco
• Using Spatial Analytics to Transform How Governments Provide Services, Minimize Waste and Increase Transparency | Ken Steif
• Historically Marginalized Populations In Airport-adjacent Communities | Amber Woodburn
• Does the Option to Extract Home Equity Affect House Prices? | Albert Alex Zevelev

Benchmarking Economic Development and Environmental Protection for Rural Agricultural Communities

Catherine Brinkley, Assistant Professor, Department of Human Ecology, University of California, Davis

With a seed grant recently awarded from the Global Affairs program at UC Davis, I am now embarking on a study of the land-use and property value impacts of District Heating in Sweden. 

Sweden has shifted its energy supply from 75% oil import in the 1970s to over 30% biofuel, supplying rural economic development opportunities largely through forest management while reducing GHG emissions by 60%(Brinkley, 2014; IPCC Sweden 2014). The United Nations estimates that transition to DH systems, combined with energy efficiency measures, could result in a 30–50 per cent reduction in primary energy consumption, thereby reducing carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions by 58 per cent in the energy sector by 2050 and allowing global temperature rises to stay within 2–3 degrees Celsius (UNEP, 2013).

Instead of every home and office operating an individual boiler, nearly 90% of apartment buildings and 20% of single-family homes in Sweden receive hot water and heat from district heating networks (DiLucia and Ericsson, 2014). Heat is produced by a central boiler and distributed through underground insulated pipes to heat exchangers at the point of use for both hot water and ambient heat (Bouffaron and Koch, 2014). Boilers can be coupled to geothermal, biomass incineration, waste heat from industry or heat storage during times of peak production. In light of this, my upcoming research will seek to answer the question: How has Sweden’s transition to DH systems affected land use and property values?

Redefining Food Deserts

Ben Chrisinger, Postdoctoral Research Fellow, School of Medicine, Stanford University

Following early research linking food access to health outcomes, millions of community development dollars were spent building supermarkets in poor neighborhoods. Despite food access projects across the US [1] , and major pre/post evaluations in New York, Philly, and Pittsburgh, we have yet to find direct health benefits from opening supermarkets in food deserts. In light of disappointing results, at least in terms of diet and obesity, some food access funders and advocates have eased off the access-health rhetoric.

However, these evaluations mostly offered high-level epidemiological views of health: nobody was asking food desert residents about their thoughts and experiences. If new stores didn’t change diets or weight, why not?

To try and understand the value of a new supermarket, I interviewed dozens of shoppers in a North Philly store that had been developed in a food desert. I found that the store made shopping a little bit easier for low-income Philadelphians, and provided a higher-quality environment where customers felt respected and safe. In short: they got to shop like most Americans regularly do.

My findings made me believe that our food desert definition is wrong. More than anything, food deserts force individuals and families with limited means to settle for less. I believe that these stores can present a space where “upstream” health behavior changes can happen. [2] If we redefine food deserts as an experience - rather than a geography - we may start to identify better interventions.

Place-Based Initiatives and Neighborhood Revitalization: Who Benefits and Who Loses from University Initiatives in Neighborhoods?

Meagan Ehlenz,  Senior Sustainability Scholar, Julie Ann Wrigley Global Institute of Sustainability, Assistant Professor, School of Geographical Sciences and Urban Planning, Arizona State University

My research examines universities pursuing neighborhood revitalization, focusing on the ways institutions have used place-based initiatives to engage with their surrounding communities. In recent work, I use a survey of university administrators to understand what university anchors do in the realm of neighborhood investment and, subsequently, study how neighborhoods with university revitalization initiatives have changed over time.

Three findings emerge from this current work. First, survey results suggest that universities typically emphasize attraction strategies, focusing on catalytic developments that meet university consumer demand (e.g. apartments, retail, dining, entertainment). Collectively, this imparts a vibrant, “college town” brand onto the neighborhood. In addition, it is common for universities to invest in value-added programs, including public safety, public amenities, and partnerships with K-12 schools. This marks a shift from 20 years ago, as universities now recognize neighborhoods as an asset instead of a liability.

Second, across these 19 cities, neighborhoods with university revitalization investment show statistically-significant differences in market indicators relative to other tracts within the same county, including increases in median home values and rents, and decreases in vacancy rate. Importantly, these home value observations hold across all cities in the sample, regardless of market strength, institutions, and revitalization style.

Third, despite growth in the real estate market, these university initiatives have not substantially changed the socioeconomic indicators for target neighborhoods. The trends suggest moderate growth in student-sensitive categories, such as educational attainment and poverty rate, in ways that augment existing conditions, rather than substantially changing trajectories. Amenity rich university neighborhoods are supporting changes that attract students and shift away from the commuter campus model. Also, new development is attracting middle- and upper-class professionals and families who can afford more expensive homeownership choices.

Universities now recognize neighborhoods should be an asset. But collectively, these observations point to a key unresolved question for university revitalization initiatives: who benefits from university initiatives in neighborhoods? And, perhaps more importantly, who does not These represent the future questions needed to refine our understanding of the field.

Proximal Greening: A Distinct Form and Possible Norm for 21st Century Urban Design

Theodore Eisenman, Assistant Professor in the Department of Landscape Architecture and Regional Planning, University of Massachusetts, Amherst

My principal research addresses the historical, scientific, cultural, and design bases of urban greening, which I define as the introduction or conservation of outdoor vegetation in cities. As noted in “ Greening Cities in an Urbanizing Age: The Human Health Bases in the Nineteenth and Early Twenty-first Centuries ,” published in the fall 2016 issue of Change Over Time , this scholarly interest is rooted in an observation that cities have entered a historically significant period in the enduring aspiration to integrate nature with city.

Unlike the large destination parks of the 19th century, contemporary greening of roofs, facades, bridges, vacant lots, traffic islands, street sides, railways, and waterways is integrated into the very fabric of cities. Additionally, three decades of research now substantiates stress and related psychological outcomes as, perhaps, the most reliable health benefit of urban greenery. This nexus of practice and research points to proximal greening as a distinct form, and possible norm, for 21st century urban design. It also supports the call for “nature at the doorstep” three decades ago by esteemed environmental psychologist Rachel Kaplan at the University of Michigan, predicated on repeated, short-term exposures to greenery that may provide cumulative benefits through “micro-restorative opportunities.”

A proximal greening norm also aligns with the Nature Pyramid, a four-tiered hierarchy of nature contact scale and exposure proposed by Tim Beatley and Tanya Denckla-Cobb at the University of Virginia. Here, neighborhood greenery provides “the bulk of our nature diet” through daily encounters. The Nature Pyramid also provides a compelling framework to bridge urban greening practice with scholarly research, which has identified a need to better link health outcomes more directly to types of green spaces, while accounting for both quantity and quality of green spaces. 

Costal Green Infrastructure and Resilience Projects (Plus, a Grassroots Political Organizing Project)

Billy Fleming, PhD

For much of 2017, I have been engaged with two major projects. One, my dissertation, is ending. The other, a public, grassroots organizing project known as  Indivisible , is just beginning.

At the core of my dissertation, at least two key findings stand out. One takeaway is that the U.S. Army Corps (USACE) of Engineers is unable—or unwilling—to invest in coastal green infrastructure at a scale that’s commensurate with the problem of sea level rise. The likeliest outcome of this failure is that the U.S. will continue to build large, monolithic forms of grey infrastructure along the coast—a process that we know will induce new, greenfield development in flood-prone areas at the base of levees and surge barriers that we won’t be able to maintain. Without reforming the ways in which the USACE evaluates and invests in coastal infrastructure, it’s difficult to imagine a Corps-led process that bolsters the resilience of American cities—and that’s particularly important given the singular role that the Corps plays in shaping our coastline.

The other lesson from my dissertation is that, at least amongst landscape architects and designers, the recent push to build “resilience projects” like the ones generated through Rebuild by Design has left us a bit over our skis. By that I mean that many of these projects have developed without the kind of evidence base that’s needed—and available—to support their claims. There are things a reinforced dune can do, for instance, that an oyster reef cannot. It’s incumbent upon designers to better integrate the science of resilience within the practice of coastal design—we may only get one shot at it getting right.

Housing Affordability in Canadian Metropolitan Areas

Albert Han, Postdoctoral Research Fellow in Metropolitan Growth and Change, University of Calgary

I am conducting research on urban sprawl and growth management policies in Canadian metropolitan areas and am currently analyzing development patterns of 11 major Canadian Metropolitan Areas between 1990 and 2010 in association with housing affordability. The research questions I seek to answer are “Did suburban sprawl decline as the result of densification of inner city in major Canadian Metropolitan Areas (CMA) in the 2000s compared to the 1990s? If so, how did housing affordability change along with the trend?”

I am hypothesizing that if a metro area successfully managed to promote infill and compact developments in the 2000s, I expect to find significant increase in density in “Inner City” areas. Densification may influence housing affordability What I hope to find from my study is whether housing affordability remains a key factor in attracting people to suburbs in Canadian metros and thus how affordability and density interact.

Consequences and Geographic Factors of Police Transport for Traumatically Injured Patients

Sara Jacoby, Postdoctoral Fellow, Penn Injury Science Center, University of Pennsylvania

Through ethnographic fieldwork with traumatically injured patients in Philadelphia, I recognized the profound impact of first responders on the way that patients interpret their injury and injury care. Pre-hospital police transport (PPT), known colloquially as ‘scoop and run,’ is authorized in select US cities, including Philadelphia, to reduce transport time and alleviate strain on emergency medical systems (EMS). This policy has been enacted specifically for victims of penetrating injuries like gunshot and stab wounds. It was codified on the basis of research that demonstrated comparable survival rates between patients who were transported by police and those transported by EMS providers.

In my recent work, I have collaborated with researchers at the Penn Injury Science Center in a mixed geospatial-qualitative study to investigate the broader consequences of PPT and its impact on different Philadelphia neighborhoods over the past decade. We identified several patient factors associated with the likelihood of PPT which included being male, black, and Hispanic and being injured at night, by a firearm, and outdoors. After controlling for these factors and the geographic distribution of police and EMS stations, crime rates, and relative economic disadvantage, we found that residents of specific Philadelphia neighborhoods were more likely to experience PPT than others. In qualitative analysis, the speed of transport was identified as PPT’s primary benefit by patients, police, and trauma care clinicians. Patients, however, perceived pain and being unsecured in a police vehicle as major drawbacks. Trauma clinicians found the unpredictability of police drop-offs challenging. And police described fears about blood exposure and limited knowledge of first response best practices. This ongoing work is demonstrating that while PPT has the potential to improve survival, cities implementing this practice should evaluate geographic equity in access to services and multifaceted impacts on patients, police, and the trauma care system at large.

Distributed Stormwater Management Techniques in Cities and Urban Regions

Theodore Lim, Global Environmental Data Scientist at Monsanto

Unlike the centralized pipes and treatment plants of traditional drainage infrastructure systems, distributed stormwater management techniques try to restore “near natural” site hydrology, close to where rain falls. These techniques are often collectively referred to as “green infrastructure.” The green infrastructure approach acknowledges that improvements to development practices and infrastructure planning can increase urban livability with less economic burden than re-constructing traditional drainage infrastructure.

My research explores the physical function and implementation of distributed stormwater management practices in cities and urban regions. Through a statistical analysis of stream flows in over 100 urban watersheds, I show that site planning needs to consider the integrity of native soil and vegetation, and not merely focus on limiting imperviousness. Second, I build a high resolution, surface-subsurface hydrologic laboratory of a Washington DC test site to show the dependence of networks of distributed infrastructure effectiveness on spatial configuration. Lastly, I studied one of the largest voluntary green infrastructure programs in the US, to show that social networks are an important factor in explaining adoption of green infrastructure within cities.

My work has shown how natural land conservation should be prioritized over practices that claim to allow development to match “near-natural” hydrologic conditions. However, within existing development, the spatial configuration of green infrastructure facilities is not expected to have a detectable effect on the network’s hydrological response. This finding frees planners from the burden of “optimal” location of individual green infrastructure projects, and allows them to focus on other placement based on other benefits of green infrastructure to communities. Lastly, planners can leverage the role of social networks to adapt the urban landscape to both increased urbanization and climate change-related challenges of water resource management in cities.

Can US Metropolitan Areas Use Large Commercial Airports as Tools to Bolster Regional Economic Growth?

Simon Mosbah, Consultant, Transit and Rail Project Development and Finance, WSP USA

My dissertation,  “Airports, Airport Expansions and Employment at Local and Regional Scale,” investigates how transportation infrastructure supports city and regional economic development strategies. Airport expansions are major endeavors of U.S. metropolitan areas engaged in global competition. Exploring airport expansions’ political economy and the zones surrounding airports, coined “airport zones”, sheds light on whether these projects support economic development locally and regionally.

Findings from three case studies of recent airport expansions in Denver, Minneapolis-St. Paul and Cincinnati-Northern Kentucky contributed to answer two questions: (1) How do decision-makers of airport expansions perceive the impacts of the airport in the economy, and integrate this conceptualization in their decisions? and (2) To what extent do airport-related employment growth and airport-oriented development occur in areas closer to the airport, and through which mechanisms in terms of airport expansions and plans?

With respect to expected results from airport expansions, interviewees made no direct links between airport expansion and air service enhancement and employment growth. However, the different members of the “airport growth coalitions” focus on the role the airport and air service play to attract or retain Fortune 500 headquarters and regional headquarters of foreign companies. This finding is somewhat contradicted by the fact that interviews also suggest that changes in air service only have limited impacts on metro areas’ abilities to retain and attract companies’ headquarters.

Regarding airport zone development, coalition building and land assembly seem to matter most in order to build the basic infrastructure necessary to foster development in the airport zone and attract developers. For instance, in Denver, a mayoral administration successfully renegotiated with surrounding jurisdictions an agreement preventing local development on airport property and on land that was annexed for building the new airport.

The literature review of this dissertation was published in the Journal of Planning Literature ( http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/0885412216653100 ) under the title “Can US Metropolitan Areas Use Large Commercial Airports as Tools to Bolster Regional Economic Growth?”

Philanthropy, Partnership and Innovation: 21st Century Urban Revitalization in US Legacy Cities

Mary Rocco, PhD, Postdoctoral Researcher, Penn Institute of Urban Research (IUR)

The future of American cities depends increasingly on philanthropy. Older industrial cities, also referred to as Legacy Cities, continue to grapple with the long-term effects of physical and economic decline and high poverty rates. In the face of constrained public and private resources and limited leadership, how does revitalization occur? This question of who influences urban revitalization in declining cities as they attempt to recover matter more than ever. Philanthropic foundations challenge traditional assumptions about who catalyzes and leads urban revitalization. They do this in the cities where they work through investments in physical upgrading, community and economic development and in capacity building.

An analysis of grantmaking in 50 Legacy Cities between 2003-2012 found that philanthropic expenditure totaled $6.3 billion and surpassed federal sources such as community development block grants (CDBG) monies. While a small number of foundations engage in place-based activities, local foundations not only support local and regional regeneration but leverage funds from multiple sources to supplement and enhance revitalization planning and implementation. In-depth case studies revealed foundations amplified their role in efforts to revitalize in Legacy Cities through three models of philanthropy- traditional, collaborative and directive. Through traditional grantmaking, foundations solicit applications and fund projects based advanced by city agencies and local non-governmental organizations. In other cases, foundations collaborate widely with other funders, city agencies, non-governmental organizations and developers on a variety of project based and long-term investments. Increasingly, some foundations take a directive approach to conceive, plan and implement projects with the goal of revitalization. These findings suggest that philanthropic foundations amplified their roles in Legacy Cities beyond traditional grantmaking to contribute to and, in some cases, lead revitalization efforts

Using Spatial Analytics to Transform How Governments Provide Services, Minimize Waste and Increase Transparency

Ken Steif, MUSA Program Director and Lecturer, School of Design, University of Pennsylvania and Founder, Urban Spatial

Historically Marginalized Populations In Airport-adjacent Communities

Amber Woodburn, Assistant Professor, City and Regional Planning Section, Knowlton School, Center for Aviation Studies, The Ohio State University

As the busiest airport hubs have grown in size since the rise of the Jet Age, city planners have seen airport infrastructure transform into locally unwanted land uses while simultaneously spurring a new economic land use: the airport-centric activity center. Motivated by this airport transformation, my recent research takes a closer look at airport-adjacent communities (AACs) and asks “How has the population of historically marginalized groups living near airports changed with the rise of the Jet Age?”

The main findings are threefold. First, disadvantaged groups often constituted larger proportions in communities near the less dominant hubs (<250,000 operations per year), but only later in the jet age after most hubs were established. Thus, it seems unlikely that a lack of community power (as related to race, ethnicity, nationality, or socioeconomic status) was a driving force in the rise of the busiest hub airports.

Second, in evaluating the push–pull effect (or ‘come to the nuisance’ effect), the percentage of white persons frequently decreased far more near airports than in their respective metropolitan regions. Thus, there is evidence to suspect that the market has played a role in reshaping the demographics of AACs, often in a way that drastically increased the presence of historically marginalized groups.

Third, airport-adjacent residents frequently had less favorable socioeconomic outcomes when compared with their respective regions. Even if airports are functioning as strong activity centers, the economic benefits for local residents are not substantial enough to keep pace with the average socioeconomic performance of the metropolitan region.

Further research can explore “Good Neighbor” policies that (1) distribute the economic benefits of airport-centric development to airport-adjacent residents and (2) anticipate and remedy the challenges of further airport expansion into AACs with increasing proportions of historically marginalized groups.

Woodburn, A. (2017). Investigating neighborhood change in airport-adjacent communities in multiairport regions from 1970 to 2010. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, 2626, 1-8. https://doi.org/10.3141/2626-01

Does the Option to Extract Home Equity Affect House Prices?

Albert Alex Zevelev, Assistant Professor of Real Estate, Zicklin School of Business, Baruch College

Real Estate can be pledged as collateral for a loan at the time of purchase and after purchase via a home equity loan. My recent paper “Does Collateral Value Affect Asset Prices?” asks whether the ability to pledge an asset as collateral after purchase affects its price. Economic theory predicts the answer is yes: if households are credit constrained, they should prefer to own assets which facilitate their future ability to borrow.

The challenge to answering the question is to disentangle collateral value from other factors that affect house prices. The paper exploits law changes in Texas where home equity loans were illegal before 1998. The empirical strategy is to compare house prices in Texas zip codes to border zip codes before and after the law using a difference-in-differences estimator. The identifying assumption is parallel trends: that the law change was uncorrelated with other variables that affect Texas house prices. Research has linked this law change to the Tax Reform Act of 1986, a circuit court ruling in 1994 and growing Republican control in Texas. This assumption can be defended as these factors are not clearly linked to Texas house prices.

The impact of the law change on house prices was PHD: Positive, Heterogeneous and Direct. The law increased Texas house prices 3.5-5%. Pre-trends are parallel and the rise in prices was gradual. House prices rose more in inelastic locations, consistent with theory. Prices rose more in zip-codes with higher pre-law house prices, income and employment. This indicates that wealthier households value the option to extract home equity more strongly. Finally, variables related to house prices such as rent and income were unaffected by the laws. This indicates the rise in prices was due to demand for the option to extract equity.

References:

Zevelev, Albert A. “Does Collateral Value Affect Asset Prices? Evidence from a Natural Experiment in Texas.”  (2017).

https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2815609

[1] i Chrisinger, B. (2016). Taking Stock of New Supermarkets in Food Deserts: Patterns in Development, Financing, and Health Promotion. San Francisco: Community Development Investment Center, Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco. Working Paper 2016-04. http://www.frbsf.org/community-development/publications/working-papers/ 2016/august/new-supermarkets-in-food-deserts-development-financing-health-promotion/

[2] ii Chrisinger, B. (2016). A Mixed-Method Assessment of a New Supermarket in a Food Desert: Contributions to Everyday Life and Health. Journal of Urban Health, 93(3):425-437. DOI: 10.1007/s11524-016-0055-8. PMID: 27197735. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27197735

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Home > School, College, or Department > CUPA > USP > Dissertations and Theses

Urban Studies and Planning Dissertations and Theses

Theses/dissertations from 2024 2024.

Embodied Urban Political Ecology of Oil: Social Reproduction in Oil ‎Geographies Case Study: Ahwaz, Khuzestan, Iran , Maryam Amiri (Dissertation)

Three Essays on Communicative Planning: From the Perspective of East Asians , Minji Cho (Dissertation)

An Analysis of Citizen Participation in Spatial Plan Preparation, Case Study of Gaborone City, Botswana , Bongani Tshidiso Ikaneng (Thesis)

The Central Role of Perceived Safety in Connecting Crash Risk Factors and Walking Behavior , Kyu Ri Kim (Dissertation)

Theses/Dissertations from 2023 2023

E Hui me ke Kaiāulu: To Connect with the Community , Heather Kayleen Bartlett (Thesis)

The Affective Discourses of Eviction: Right to Counsel in New York City , Hadley Savana Bates (Thesis)

A Just Futures Framework: Insurgent Roller-Skating in Portland, Oregon , Célia Camile Beauchamp (Thesis)

Factors Affecting Community Rating System Participation in the National Flood Insurance Program: A Case Study of Texas , Ryan David Eddings (Dissertation)

LEED Buildings and Green Gentrification: Portland as a Case Study , Jordan Macintosh (Thesis)

Wasted Space , Ryan Martyn (Thesis)

The Use and Influence of Health Indicators in Municipal Transportation Plans , Kelly Christine Rodgers (Dissertation)

Uncovering the Nuance and Complexity of Gentrification in Asian Immigrant Communities: A Case Study of Koreatown, Los Angeles , Seyoung Sung (Dissertation)

Defining Dementia-Friendly Communities From the Perspective of Those Affected , Iris Alexandra Wernher (Dissertation)

Theses/Dissertations from 2022 2022

Heat, Wildfire and Energy Demand: An Examination of Residential Buildings and Community Equity , Chrissi Argyro Antonopoulos (Dissertation)

The Connections Between Innovation, Culture, and Expertise in Water Infrastructure Organizations , Alice Brawley-Chesworth (Dissertation)

The New Shiny Penny? Regenerative Agriculture Beliefs and Practices Among Portland's Urban Agriculturalists , Melia Ann Chase (Thesis)

Fortunate People in a Fortunate Land: Dwelling and Residential Alienation in Santa Monica's Rent-Controlled Housing , Lauren E.M. Everett (Dissertation)

In Favor of Bringing Game Theory into Urban Studies and Planning Curriculum: Reintroducing an Underused Method for the Next Generation of Urban Scholars , Brian McDonald Gardner (Thesis)

Transportation Mode Choice Behavior in the Era of Autonomous Vehicles: The Application of Discrete Choice Modeling and Machine Learning , Sangwan Lee (Dissertation)

An Analysis of the Strengths and Weaknesses of the Tulsa Remote Program, As an Effective Economic Development Strategy , Kristen J. Padilla (Thesis)

Geographies of Urban Unsafety: Homeless Women, Mental Maps, and Isolation , Jan Radle Roberson (Dissertation)

The Impact of New Light Rail Service on Employment Growth in Portland, Oregon , Lahar Santra (Thesis)

Examining Emergency Citizen Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic: Emergent Groups Addressing Food Insecurity in Portland, Oregon , Aliza Ruth Tuttle (Thesis)

Theses/Dissertations from 2021 2021

Nature-Based Solutions in Environmental Planning: Ecosystem-Based Adaptations, Green Infrastructures, and Ecosystem Services to Promote Diversity in Urban Landscapes , Lorena Alves Carvalho Nascimento (Dissertation)

Gas Stations and the Wealth Divide: Analyzing Spatial Correlations Between Wealth and Fuel Branding , Jean-Carl Ende (Thesis)

'There are No Bathrooms Available!': How Older Adults Experiencing Houselessness Manage their Daily Activities , Ellis Jourdan Hews (Thesis)

The Mode Less Traveled: Exploring Bicyclist Identity in Portland, OR , Christopher Johnson (Thesis)

The Soniferous Experience of Public Space: A Soundscape Approach , Kenya DuBois Williams (Dissertation)

Short-term and Long-term Effects of New Light Rail Transit Service on Transit Ridership and Traffic Congestion at Two Geographical Levels , Huajie Yang (Dissertation)

Theses/Dissertations from 2020 2020

Waste Management in the Global South: an Inquiry on the Patterns of Plastic and Waste Material Flows in Colombo, Sri Lanka , Katie Ann Conlon (Dissertation)

Unpacking the Process and Outcomes of Ethical Markets: a Focus on Certified B Corporations , Renée Bogin Curtis (Dissertation)

The Persistence of Indigenous Markets in Mexico's 'Supermarket Revolution' , Diana Christina Denham (Dissertation)

The Electronic Hardware Music Subculture in Portland, Oregon , James Andrew Hickey (Thesis)

"I Should Have Moved Somewhere Else": the Impacts of Gentrification on Transportation and Social Support for Black Working-Poor Families in Portland, Oregon , Steven Anthony Howland (Dissertation)

The Impacts of the Bicycle Network on Bicycling Activity: a Longitudinal Multi-City Approach , Wei Shi (Dissertation)

Theses/Dissertations from 2019 2019

"Poverty Wages Are Not Fresh, Local, or Sustainable": Building Worker Power by Organizing Around (Re)production in Portland's "Sustainable" Food Industry , Amy Katherine Rose Coplen (Dissertation)

Manufacturing in Place: Industrial Preservation in the US , Jamaal William Green (Dissertation)

Can Churches Change a Neighborhood? A Census Tract, Multilevel Analysis of Churches and Neighborhood Change , David E. Kresta (Dissertation)

An Examination of Non-waged Labor and Local Food Movement Growth in the Southern Appalachians , Amy Kathryn Marion (Thesis)

Making Imaginaries: Identity, Value, and Place in the Maker Movement in Detroit and Portland , Stephen Joseph Marotta (Dissertation)

Recognizing and Addressing Risk Ambiguity in Sea Level Rise Adaptation Planning: a Case Study of Miami-Dade County, Florida , Mary Ann Rozance (Dissertation)

The Impact of Implementing Different Cordon Size Designs on Land Use Patterns in Portland, OR , Asia Spilotros (Dissertation)

Gentrification and Student Achievement: a Quantitative Analysis of Student Performance on Standardized Tests in Portland's Gentrifying Neighborhoods , Justin Joseph Ward (Thesis)

Theses/Dissertations from 2018 2018

Environmental Justice in Natural Disaster Mitigation Policy and Planning: a Case Study of Flood Risk Management in Johnson Creek, Portland, Oregon , Seong Yun Cho (Dissertation)

Our Town: Articulating Place Meanings and Attachments in St. Johns Using Resident-Employed Photography , Lauren Elizabeth Morrow Everett (Thesis)

Millennial Perceptions on Homeownership and Financial Planning Decisions , Margaret Ann Greenfield (Thesis)

Utilitarian Skateboarding: Insight into an Emergent Mode of Mobility , Michael Joseph Harpool (Thesis)

Consciousness Against Commodifcation: the Potential for a Radical Housing Movement in the Cully Neighborhood , Cameron Hart Herrington (Thesis)

News Work: the Impact of Corporate Newsroom Culture on News Workers & Community Reporting , Carey Lynne Higgins-Dobney (Dissertation)

Recent Advances in Activity-Based Travel Demand Models for Greater Flexibility , Kihong Kim (Dissertation)

An Analysis of the BizX Commercial Trade Exchange: the Attitudes and Motivations Behind Its Use , Ján André Montoya (Thesis)

Between a Rock and a Hot Place: Economic Development and Climate Change Adaptation in Vietnam , Khanh Katherine Pham (Thesis)

Neighborhood Economic Impacts of Contemporary Art Centers , Steve Van Eck (Closed Thesis)

Urban Geocomputation: Two Studies on Urban Form and its Role in Altering Climate , Jackson Lee Voelkel (Thesis)

Theses/Dissertations from 2017 2017

Explaining Unequal Transportation Outcomes in a Gentrifying City: the Example of Portland, Oregon , Eugenio Arriaga Cordero (Dissertation)

Identifying Clusters of Non-Farm Activity within Exclusive Farm Use Zones in the Northern Willamette Valley , Nicholas Chun (Thesis)

Drivers' Attitudes and Behaviors Toward Bicyclists: Intermodal Interactions and Implications for Road Safety , Tara Beth Goddard (Dissertation)

Grassroots Resistance in the Sustainable City: Portland Harbor Superfund Site Contamination, Cleanup, and Collective Action , Erin Katherine Goodling (Dissertation)

Responsible Pet Ownership: Dog Parks and Demographic Change in Portland, Oregon , Matthew Harris (Thesis)

The Tension between Technocratic and Social Values in Environmental Decision-making: An'Yang Stream Restoration in South Korea , Chang-Yu Hong (Dissertation)

Regulating Pavement Dwellers: the Politics of the Visibly Poor in Public Space , Lauren Marie Larin (Dissertation)

Making Software, Making Regions: Labor Market Dualization, Segmentation, and Feminization in Austin, Portland and Seattle , Dillon Mahmoudi (Dissertation)

Knowing Nature in the City: Comparative Analysis of Knowledge Systems Challenges Along the 'Eco-Techno' Spectrum of Green Infrastructure in Portland & Baltimore , Annie Marissa Matsler (Dissertation)

Assessing the Impact of Land Use and Travel on Carbon Dioxide Emissions in Portland, Oregon , Zakari Mumuni (Thesis)

Trade-offs: the Production of Sustainability in Households , Kirstin Marie Elizabeth Munro (Dissertation)

Theses/Dissertations from 2016 2016

The Kazaks of Istanbul: A Case of Social Cohesion, Economic Breakdown and the Search for a Moral Economy , Daniel Marc Auger (Thesis)

Citizen-led Urban Agriculture and the Politics of Spatial Reappropriation in Montreal, Quebec , Claire Emmanuelle Bach (Thesis)

Travel Mode Choice Framework Incorporating Realistic Bike and Walk Routes , Joseph Broach (Dissertation)

Cyclist Path Choices Through Shared Space Intersections in England , Allison Boyce Duncan (Dissertation)

Star Academics: Do They Garner Increasing Returns? , James Jeffrey Kline (Dissertation)

Configuring the Urban Smart Grid: Transitions, Experimentation, and Governance , Anthony Michael Levenda (Dissertation)

The Effects of Frequency of Social Interaction, Social Cohesion, Age, and the Built Environment on Walking , Gretchen Allison Luhr (Dissertation)

The Village Market: New Columbia Goes Shopping for Food Justice , Jane Therese Waddell (Dissertation)

Theses/Dissertations from 2015 2015

Developing Key Sustainability Competencies through Real-World Learning Experiences: Evaluating Community Environmental Services , Erin Lorene Anderson (Thesis)

Beyond Fruit: Examining Community in a Community Orchard , Emily Jane Becker (Thesis)

Challenges, Experiences, and Future Directions of Senior Centers Serving the Portland Metropolitan Area , Melissa Lynn Cannon (Dissertation)

Building Social Sustainability from the Ground Up: The Contested Social Dimension of Sustainability in Neighborhood-Scale Urban Regeneration in Portland, Copenhagen, and Nagoya , Jacklyn Nicole Kohon (Dissertation)

The Effects of Urban Containment Policies on Commuting Patterns , Sung Moon Kwon (Dissertation)

Energy Efficiency and Conservation Attitudes: An Exploration of a Landscape of Choices , Mersiha Spahic McClaren (Dissertation)

The Impact of Communication Impairments on the Social Relationships of Older Adults , Andrew Demetrius Palmer (Dissertation)

The Scales and Shapes of Queer Women's Geographies: Mapping Private, Public and Cyber Spaces in Portland, OR , Paola Renata Saldaña (Thesis)

Caring for the Land, Serving People: Creating a Multicultural Forest Service in the Civil Rights Era , Donna Lynn Sinclair (Dissertation)

Theses/Dissertations from 2014 2014

Determinants of Recent Mover Non-work Travel Mode Choice , Arlie Steven Adkins (Dissertation)

Changing the Face of the Earth: The Morrison-­Knudsen Corporation as Partner to the U.S. Federal Government , Christopher S. Blanchard (Dissertation)

Participation, Information, Values, and Community Interests Within Health Impact Assessments , Nicole Iroz-Elardo (Dissertation)

The Objective vs. the Perceived Environment: What Matters for Active Travel , Liang Ma (Dissertation)

Implications of Local and Regional Food Systems: Toward a New Food Economy in Portland, Oregon , Michael Mercer Mertens (Dissertation)

Spirituality and Religion in Women's Leadership for Sustainable Development in Crisis Conditions: The Case of Burma , Phyusin Myo Kyaw Myint (Dissertation)

Street Level Food Networks: Understanding Ethnic Food Cart Supply Chains in Eastern Portland, OR , Alexander G. Novie (Thesis)

Theses/Dissertations from 2013 2013

Diffusion of Energy Efficient Technology in Commercial Buildings: An Analysis of the Commercial Building Partnerships Program , Chrissi Argyro Antonopoulos (Thesis)

Faulty Measurements and Shaky Tools: An Exploration into Hazus and the Seismic Vulnerabilities of Portland, OR , Brittany Ann Brannon (Thesis)

Sustainable, Affordable Housing for Older Adults: A Case Study of Factors that Affect Development in Portland, Oregon , Alan Kenneth DeLaTorre (Dissertation)

The Historical, Political, Social, and Individual Factors That Have Influenced the Development of Aging and Disability Resource Centers and Options Counseling , Sheryl DeJoy Elliott (Thesis)

Neighborhood Identity and Sustainability: A Comparison Study of Two Neighborhoods in Portland, Oregon , Zachary Lawrence Hathaway (Thesis)

Neighborhood Commercial Corridor Change: Portland, Oregon 1990-2010 , Kelly Ann Howsley-Glover (Dissertation)

Public Space and Urban Life: A Spatial Ethnography of a Portland Plaza , Katrina Leigh Johnston (Thesis)

Green Mind Gray Yard: Micro Scale Assessment of Ecosystem Services , Erin Jolene Kirkpatrick (Thesis)

The Impacts of Urban Renewal: The Residents' Experiences in Qianmen, Beijing, China , Yongxia Kou (Dissertation)

The Dynamics of Creating Strong Democracy in Portland, Oregon : 1974 to 2013 , Paul Roland Leistner (Dissertation)

Neighboring in Strip City: A Situational Analysis of Strip Clubs, Land Use Conflict, and Occupational Health in Portland, Oregon , Moriah McSharry McGrath (Dissertation)

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Assessing climate change projections through high-resolution modelling: a comparative study of three european cities.

1. Introduction

2. data and methods, 2.1. study areas, 2.2. the modelling setup and evaluation, 2.3. climate change indices, 3. results and discussion, 3.1. model evaluation for recent past, 3.2. daily mean, maximum and minimum temperature, 3.3. climate change indices, 4. nature-based solutions potential, 5. summary and conclusions, supplementary materials, author contributions, institutional review board statement, informed consent statement, data availability statement, acknowledgments, conflicts of interest.

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Share and Cite

Ascenso, A.; Augusto, B.; Coelho, S.; Menezes, I.; Monteiro, A.; Rafael, S.; Ferreira, J.; Gama, C.; Roebeling, P.; Miranda, A.I. Assessing Climate Change Projections through High-Resolution Modelling: A Comparative Study of Three European Cities. Sustainability 2024 , 16 , 7276. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16177276

Ascenso A, Augusto B, Coelho S, Menezes I, Monteiro A, Rafael S, Ferreira J, Gama C, Roebeling P, Miranda AI. Assessing Climate Change Projections through High-Resolution Modelling: A Comparative Study of Three European Cities. Sustainability . 2024; 16(17):7276. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16177276

Ascenso, Ana, Bruno Augusto, Sílvia Coelho, Isilda Menezes, Alexandra Monteiro, Sandra Rafael, Joana Ferreira, Carla Gama, Peter Roebeling, and Ana Isabel Miranda. 2024. "Assessing Climate Change Projections through High-Resolution Modelling: A Comparative Study of Three European Cities" Sustainability 16, no. 17: 7276. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16177276

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Ph.D. in Urban and Regional Planning Degree Information

The doctoral curriculum integrates analytical methods, research design, a rigorous understanding of urbanization dynamics, and an examination of broader social theories, processes and policies.

Students address complex systems that typically encompass an array of spatial, environmental, social, political, technical, and economic factors. The emphasis is on theory, analysis, and action.

Each student is also expected to demonstrate an understanding of the literature, theory, and research in a specialization area within the larger discipline of urban and regional planning.

Required Courses

Four courses are required of all Ph.D. students: two doctoral-level planning theory courses and a two-course research seminar sequence.

• Advanced Urban Theory (URP 700)
• Epistemology and Reasoning for Planning Research (URP 701)
• Research Design (URP 801)
• Ph.D. Research Seminar (URP 802)

Recent students have engaged in subjects as diverse as:

• The political economy of public transit, inner-city revitalization
• Global city urbanization
• Information technology and cyberspace
• The crisis of modernist urbanism
• Suburbanization in developing countries
• Regional planning institutions
• The effects of environmental contamination on patterns of urban and regional development
• The culture of suburban commuting
• The impact of tourism on historical Mediterranean cities
• The application of complex systems analysis to sustainable development

Pre-Candidacy Requirements

Doctoral students specialize in a wide range of possible topics.

• Planning theory
• Analytic methods
• Research design
• Primary area of specialization

Students meet these requirements through coursework and exams over a two-year period. During this time, a student’s cumulative grade point average may not fall below a B without academic discipline or probation.

Analytic Methods Courses

Students are expected to be skilled in statistics, in at least two analytic research techniques, and reasonably knowledgeable about several others. Students qualify in analytic techniques by completing the following:

Satisfactory performance (B or higher) in two cumulative graduate-level statistics courses.

Students entering with previous statistics experience may wish to enter directly into a second semester statistics course. In the past, students have typically selected one of the following sequences:

• Statistics 402 (Introduction to Statistics & Data Analysis), Statistics 403 (Statistics & Data Analysis II)
• Sociology 510 (Statistics); Sociology 610 (Statistical Methods)
• Natural Resources 438 (Natural Resources Biometrics), Natural Resources 538 (Natural Resources Data Analysis)
• Biostatistics 503 (Introductory Biostatistics), Biostatistics 523 (Biostatistical Analysis for Health-Related Fields)
• The sequence in political science

NOTE:  Students wishing to study statistics during the spring or summer terms may want to investigate the Summer Program in Quantitative Methods of Social Research sponsored by the Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research (ICPSR) and/or the Summer Institute in Survey Research Techniques conducted by the research staff of the Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research. Choice of courses to meet requirements should be discussed with your advisor.

Competence in at least two analytic/research methods satisfied through nine credit hours of total coursework.

These are methods used in planning research and should prepare the student for their likely area of dissertation work. The requirement is met through completion of nine credits of course work in two analytic/research methods (in addition to statistics), to be defined by the student in conjunction with his or her advisor. (The two methods may be interrelated.) Depending on the research method and the student’s background, more courses may be needed. Courses in these two areas must be completed with a grade of B or higher in order to fulfill this requirement. Graduate level courses that are audited can count for this requirement, as long as the student completes all the work of the course and the instructor provides a letter indicating the grade the student would have received had he or she been enrolled. All plans for satisfying this requirement are the joint responsibility of the student and his or her advisor.

The methods a student selects should relate to their dissertation area. Below are several analytic/research methods in which students have been examined in recent years. Numerous analytic/research methods are appropriate, and students need not be restricted to choices on the list:

• Anthropological methods
• Case study methods
• Complex systems analysis
• Cost benefit & cost effectiveness analysis
• Decision theory & general risk analysis
• Demographic analysis
• Discrete choice analysis
• Differential equations
• Diffusion models
• Economic & other forecasting models
• Evaluation research
• Graph theory
• Historical analysis
• Institutional analysis
• Interview techniques
• Linear programming and general analysis using linear models
• Network & flow methods
• Population growth models
• Probability, both theoretical & heuristic
• Simulation/gaming & game theory
• Spatial analysis
• Survey research
• Time series

Annual Review of Progress

At the end of each year of study, students are required to complete an Annual Review.  The advisor and the Coordinator of Doctoral Studies may make recommendations for any modifications deemed necessary prior to the start of the following academic year. Note: financial support for the subsequent year, if applicable, depends on timely completion of a satisfactory annual review.

Annual Review Steps

By April 30, the student submits TWO COPIES (one copy to their  advisor ; one copy to the  doctoral studies assistant ) of the following:

• A completed  annual review form , including a concise narrative of plans and goals for the upcoming academic year.
• An up-to-date compliance form.

The advisor provides comments to the student and, where necessary, recommends changes in the academic plan. (This consultation between advisor and student may happen in person or by phone). If necessary, the student should provide the advisor and the doctoral studies assistant with copies of a revised version of this review form based on the advisor’s comments.

Once the advisor has approved the plan of study for the coming year, the advisor forwards (no later than May 14) to the doctoral studies assistant a copy of the “faculty evaluation form,” which includes a short narrative of student progress (one paragraph).

The URP Doctoral Committee reviews the materials, and sends a letter to the student, either confirming their good standing in the program or specifying additional requirements to be in good standing.

Comprehensive Exam

The comprehensive exam tests a student’s knowledge of both their primary and secondary areas of specialization. The exam consists of a take-home, written examination followed by an oral exam. The examination normally occurs before the start of the third year in the Ph.D. program, after completion of all relevant coursework.

The Committee

The student convenes an examination committee of three faculty members, choosing faculty who have expertise in the areas of specialization. At least one member of the committee should be a member of the urban and regional planning faculty. The chair or co-chair of the committee must be a regular member of the planning faculty and cannot be an affiliate faculty member. At least one committee member should represent the student’s secondary area of specialization. (If the student has identified a secondary area of specialization that is traditionally housed in another department on campus, then the student is encouraged to select a faculty member from that outside department as their third committee member.) On occasion, examiners from outside the university have served on students’ examining committees. While this practice is generally not encouraged, written requests for an outside examiner by students are treated on an individual basis by the director of doctoral studies.

The Field Statement

The student meets with the committee chair to plan for the exam and agree on expectations prior to the construction of the exam. In consultation with the chair and committee members, the student identifies appropriate readings and prepares a detailed “field statement” that defines the primary and secondary fields, contains a detailed bibliography of readings, organizes the readings into subfields, and outlines a set of major questions for the fields. The field statement is normally designed principally with the chair and is sometimes analogous to a detailed syllabus that one would prepare for a year-long graduate-level course on the selected specializations. The student often writes possible exam questions that he/she feels are appropriate for the area the exam will cover. The questions are not the questions the committee asks the student; their major function is to help the committee and the student to agree on the scope of the exam.

Scheduling the Exam

The exam must be completed by May 20 of the second year in the program, and it is scheduled on the student’s initiative. Prior to the exam, the student should have completed all coursework (including all incompletes). A student may delay the exam for exceptional circumstances with approval of the faculty adviser and the Director of Doctoral Studies. Students must notify the Director of Doctoral Studies of their intent to take the exam, with a date and time, location, and names of committee members at least one month prior to the exam.

The written part of the exam is in the form of a take-home essay. The committee chair typically solicits exam questions from the committee, selects questions to be used, and composes the final examination. The allotted time period to write the exam is determined by the chair, and typically is over three days. The student must submit the exam in the form as directed by the chair (usually as a Word document submitted by email), plus one copy to the program administrator to be placed in the student’s records. The written exam is followed by a two-hour oral exam, generally scheduled to take place within about one week after the written exam. The exam is evaluated on a “Pass/Fail” or “Conditional Pass” basis. If the student does not achieve a passing evaluation, he/she may take the exam one additional time to achieve a “Pass” or “Conditional Pass” status. A “Conditional Pass” indicates that additional requirements must be met, but the exam need not be retaken. Upon completion of the oral portion of the exam, please refer to the Applying for Candidacy section for next steps.

Applying for Candidacy

A student advances to candidacy when all program requirements except the dissertation proposal and dissertation have been satisfied. The normal and expected time to achieve candidacy is two years from the date of first enrollment in the doctoral program. In addition to urban and regional planning program requirements, a student must also meet  Rackham Candidacy Requirements . Any incomplete courses that are critical to satisfying requirements must be completed before applying for candidacy.

Once all required coursework and the comprehensive exam are successfully completed, a student applies for candidacy by sending a request by email to the URP Director of Doctoral Studies, along with attachments that include the following: (1) a signed Comprehensive Exam Certification Form and (2) a current transcript showing all completed coursework.

The Director of Doctoral Studies will recommend a doctoral student for candidacy by submitting a recommendation to the Rackham Graduate School. When candidacy is approved, a student is ready to begin work on the dissertation and is eligible for URP 995 candidacy registration.

Sample Schedule

Sample First Year

Sample Second Year

Sample Years Three – Four

Dissertation

Formatting dissertation committee.

After completing the comprehensive exam and advancing to candidacy, the student must form a dissertation committee, in accordance with the Rackham Graduate School’s  “Guidelines for Dissertation Committee Service.”

Within two weeks from advancing to candidacy, the student must send an email to the URP Director of Doctoral Studies, with a pdf attachment of a completed “Dissertation Committee Worksheet for Students to submit to Program”, which can be obtained from the link above. The Director of Doctoral Studies will then submit the formal request to the Rackham Graduate School.

Dissertation Proposal

The student must formally obtain approval of the dissertation proposal as outlined in the URP Ph.D. Program Overview Schedule and Policies document. It is the student’s responsibility to schedule the initial review hearing attended by both the rotating dissertation proposal committee and the dissertation committee, and to schedule the proposal defense attended by the dissertation committee, both in a timely manner.

The student must notify Lisa Hauser by email of the proposal defense date at least three weeks prior to the meeting, including the location of the defense meeting, a title, and an abstract. After gaining approval from the dissertation committee, the dissertation chair must send an email to the Director of Doctoral Studies that includes (a) the date of the proposal defense, (b) a list of all committee members present at the defense, (c) a title of the proposal, (d) an abstract of the proposal (250 – 350 words), and (e) a copy of the final dissertation proposal to be filed with URP records. Receipt of the email from the dissertation chair will constitute formal approval of the proposal by the committee and readiness to proceed with dissertation work.

Dissertation Process

The dissertation is prepared in accordance with the  Rackham Graduate School’s Doctoral Dissertation Requirements , and as outlined in the URP Ph.D. Program Overview Schedule and Policies document.

The student is responsible for several steps: (a) scheduling and reserving rooms for the URP pre-defense hearing (which ordinarily should occur at least six weeks and no less than three weeks prior to the dissertation defense) and the defense meeting, both in a timely manner; (b) notifying Lisa Hauser by email of the defense date at least three weeks prior to the meeting, including the location of the defense meeting, a title, and an abstract; (c) providing a complete dissertation draft, including an abstract and bibliography, to committee members at least two weeks (longer is advised) before the defense date; and (d) registering for an eight-hour candidacy enrollment (995 Dissertation Research) for the term in which the defense is held.

A dissertation defense typically consists of two parts: the first is a formal, public presentation of the dissertation research, followed by questions and answers from both the dissertation committee and the audience. Defenses are advertised and open to the public, and other students and faculty are frequently in attendance. The second part is a closed session for the candidate and the dissertation committee. During the defense, the student may be asked to reconsider certain aspects of the work and to make changes or corrections in the dissertation. At the end of the session, the chair will discuss the oral defense with other members of the committee and inform the student of the outcome. The duration of a defense can vary, but the candidate should reserve the room for a three-hour period.

Formal approval of the dissertation (e.g., formatting of the final document) and applying for graduation are governed by the Rackham Graduate School.