decision making essay sample

Decision Making - List of Essay Samples And Topic Ideas

Decision making is the process of selecting a course of action from a set of alternatives. An essay on this topic could explore psychological theories of decision making, discussing how biases and heuristics can influence outcomes. The implications of effective decision-making in a professional or personal context could also be examined. We have collected a large number of free essay examples about Decision Making you can find in Papersowl database. You can use our samples for inspiration to write your own essay, research paper, or just to explore a new topic for yourself.

Magic, the Awaiting Turmoil, and Decision Making

Magic, power, control, relationships, and much more are used in Shakespeare’s play The Tempest. William Shakespeare is a famous and well-known English playwriter, poet, and actor born in 1564 in Stratford-upon-Avon. Shakespeare wrote his plays and poems during the “English Renaissance or the Early Modern Period” (Shakespeare Birthplace Trust.) The Tempest was written by Shakespeare in 1623 and is believed to be the last play Shakespeare wrote. The Tempest uses magic, power, control, love, revenge, and forgiveness to depict the […]

The Effect of Decision Making

Decision making is something that everyone does everyday, whether it stands an effortless or a difficult decision. Many elements in life influence decisions and make them easier or more complicated for people to come up with an agreement or a compromise. Sometimes an agreement or compromise is not possible, and someone does not get his or her way. In Ernest Hemingway’s short story, “Hills Like White Elephants,” a couple waits at a train station in Spain and they begin conversing […]

The Art and Science of Snap Judgements

In the span of a heartbeat, we often make decisions that can shape the course of our day or, on a more profound scale, the trajectory of our lives. These quick decisions, commonly referred to as 'snap judgements,' are both celebrated for their intuitive sharpness and criticized for their potential inaccuracies. But what exactly drives these instantaneous decisions? Are they a testament to human intuition, or are they fraught with potential pitfalls? Snap judgements, at their core, are decisions made […]

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Decision Making Processes in Interagency Projects

A functional social service system plays a key role in creating socio-economic well-being. The social service systems in developed countries are well established. In these systems, government and non-governmental agencies collaborate to provide people with various services and incomes. Historically, the services provided have undergone an evolution in ethos, program approach, policy, and service orientation. The agencies are usually funded using specific approaches that focus on their operations, not cross-cutting issues. Since the 1970s, it became challenging for single organizations […]

The Impact of Luck and Superstition in Decision Making

Implications of the "Positive Effect" Getting lucky is always a sure shot way of momentary happiness. When something lucky happens, there is almost certainly a positive surge of emotion felt. However, the answer this paper is seeking is whether any studies have considered the implications of this positive feeling? And how big marketing strategies and retail corporations continue to use this as incentive to make the end customer shell out more money. The implied positive affect has significant implications to […]

How the Church Helps in Choosing a Future Career

Personal Position After finishing the survey found at the end of "Discerning Spiritual Discernment: Assessing Current Approaches for Understanding God’s Will," I discovered many elements that were important to me in the process of making career decisions. Both using common sense and leveraging my abilities and strengths were considered vital. They closely align in assisting me to choose a career that suits me best—a career where I see not only my involvement but also where I can excel. Considering my […]

Approaches for Ethical Dilemmas

Organizations' decisions have ramifications on different of stakeholders. Consequently, organizations face dilemmas in their efforts to make decisions that are within the realms of ethics as far as interests of the various stakeholders are concerned. The following case of a cookie making company that wanted to introduce automation to its packaging section is an exemplification of the ethical dilemmas that companies face. The current advancements in technology have allowed IT integration to almost all production functions. The company's packaging methods […]

Harnessing the Might of Decision: Unpacking the Power of Choice

Embedded within the intricate labyrinth of human existence lies the formidable potency of choice, a quintessential emblem of our autonomy and capacity to carve the trajectories of our destinies. This sacred human prerogative, the faculty of choice, transcends mere selection; it emerges as a profound force, shaping the contours of our lives, sculpting our identities, and weaving the very fabric of society. Immersing oneself in the essence of choice unveils its dual nature: a harbinger of freedom and a harbinger […]

Decisive Crossroads: the Art of Strategic Decision Making

In the elaborate mosaic of our personal narratives, there arise pivotal moments that beckon the application of strategic decision-making prowess. These critical crossroads serve as the canvases where the strokes of our choices paint the evolving tapestry of our destinies. The nuanced art of strategic decision making, akin to a symphony conductor, orchestrates a harmonious interplay of cognition, intuition, and analytical finesse. At its core, strategic decision making embarks on a journey through the uncharted territories of uncertainty and complexity. […]

Decisions: Crafting the Narrative of Life

In the grand tapestry of existence, decisions serve as the threads that weave together our individual narratives, each choice contributing to the unique pattern of our journey. From the seemingly inconsequential to the profoundly impactful, the art of decision making guides us through the labyrinth of possibilities, shaping our experiences and defining our destinies. At its essence, decision making is a dance between reason and emotion, intellect and intuition. It involves navigating the vast landscape of options, each presenting its […]

Precedent: the Roadmap of Decision Making

Ever feel like you're walking a path laid out by those who walked before you? That's the essence of precedent. It's like the unwritten rulebook of life, and nowhere is it more at play than in the world of law, where it acts as the North Star, guiding judges and lawyers through the murky waters of justice. But let's break it down, shall we? In the legal arena, think of precedent as the ultimate 'been there, done that.' It's when […]

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Essay Samples on Decision Making

This kind of an essay may be met in such subjects as Business Management, Law, Nursing, Education, and even Engineering majors because making a decision is a key element of success and a reason that can lead to failure. Writing about decision making can also incorporate case studies where a college professor asks you to reflect and analyze why a certain decision has been made. You can also browse through our decision making essay example to get a better idea of how it must be structured and why your introduction must contain enough information to keep the readers interested and inspired enough to continue. Use it as a way to check with your paper as you write and think about good topics that are close to what motivates you.

Decision Making Process of Newly Qualified Nurse

In order to understand the decision making process of newly qualified nurse (NQN) in the community setting, the purpose of this essay is to demonstrate the ability of the author to apply decision making models to a complex care scenario. There is discussion with relevant...

• Decision Making

Ethics: A Guiding Light in Human Life

Ethics must be the primary source of reference when it comes to evaluate a situation through acting upon it by making a decision. What’s right and what’s wrong depends on the perception of the person that is derived from the certain values that humans hold....

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Ethical Challenges in Financial Reporting in Companies

Introduction According to Peterson and Ferrell (2014), the achievement of any organizations and association is specifically subject to the account sufficiency and its useful usages. Be that as it may, once in a while extraordinary bookkeeping guidelines of various nation make a troublesome issue. For...

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Competitive Advantage: Meaning, Importance, And Realization

Companies are constantly pressured as they continuously face issues with profitability, growth and sustainability to survive in today’s fiercely competitive business environment. The current dynamic business environment forces firms them to distinguish themselves apart from one another as well as the ability to quickly adapt...

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Bowling for Columbine: Decision-Making as the Core of Human Survival

A wise man by the name of John F. Kennedy once said, “One person can make a difference, and everyone should try.” His knowledgeable words are truthful and factual as individuals’ choices can drastically alter another person's life. A person's egotistical decisions may play a...

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The Importance Of Collective Welfare For Organizations

The rapid and sustained development of the economy is leading businesses to operate in a more aggressive and competitive attitude. If organizations do not remain its competitiveness nor ready to change, the likelihood to over slip an opportunity to competitors, decrease in profitability and destined...

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Investments In Voice Marketing In The USA

Current focus on voice technology is not overwhelming at the moment. There have already been early investments in voice marketing, with between 33% and 39% of marketers planning investment in voice technology. Based on my calculations, 67% of US business decision makers have already invested...

Analysis Of Purchase Decision Making Process

On the 27th December 2017, I have made a high involvement decision, which is I decided to buy a laptop. In order to buy this laptop, I spent my two-year savings to buy it, which is the price of RM3600. It is significant to me...

Decision Making As An Important Aspect In Every Organization

Introduction An organization develops in course of time with complexities. With increasing complexities, decision making in organizations has become a difficult task. Decision making is a complex process which depends not only on the personal qualities of managers but also on the specific characteristics of...

Research Analysis On Sexual Decision-Making Of Rural Female Adolescents

The research conducted by Ezer, Leipert, Evans and Regan (2015) on rural heterosexual female adolescent’s decision-making within their sexual lives used a qualitative study design with the focus on individual interviews. Participants were recruited by initial sampling and theoretical sampling. Advertisements for the research were...

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Team Decision-Making: Pitfalls And Solutions

For the length of the movement of come back to correspondence frustration steps, contributors of the affiliation deliver functional and no uncertainty answers for the issue raised to have the ability to check that no what's more issues do stand up on and no reactions...

Fema'S Future Trends And Driving Forces In Wild Card Scenario

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Change In Circumstances For Fiat And Chrysler

“I promise you, we’ll do our best to ensure this pulse continues to beat strong” said Sergio Marchionne, former CEO of Fiat Chrysler Automobiles (FCA), an Italian-American automobile manufacturer. Marchionne passed away on the 25th of July, 2018, few weeks after going through a “routine”...

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A Design Process And Its Steps

A design process for a facility includes steps in making a facility where the design meets the requirement of the people requesting for it. It will also satisfy the need and the desire of the people requesting the facility. The decision making of the facility...

Analysis Of Risk Attitudes And Financial Decisions Of Millennial Generation

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My Experiment On Topic Of Power Of Social Norms On People

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Twitter As An Influential Platform In Political Decision Making

Social media has proved extremely influential when it comes to policy making in the modern society. Platforms like Twitter allow users from all around the world to follow politicians, its making average citizens more involved in political decisions. The statement is accurate in suggesting that...

The Importance Of Talking And Letting The Teens To Make Their Own Decisions

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The Effect Of Consumption Experience On Individuals And Society

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Best topics on Decision Making

1. Decision Making Process of Newly Qualified Nurse

2. Ethics: A Guiding Light in Human Life

3. Ethical Challenges in Financial Reporting in Companies

4. Competitive Advantage: Meaning, Importance, And Realization

5. Bowling for Columbine: Decision-Making as the Core of Human Survival

6. The Importance Of Collective Welfare For Organizations

7. Investments In Voice Marketing In The USA

8. Analysis Of Purchase Decision Making Process

9. Decision Making As An Important Aspect In Every Organization

10. Research Analysis On Sexual Decision-Making Of Rural Female Adolescents

11. Team Decision-Making: Pitfalls And Solutions

12. Fema’S Future Trends And Driving Forces In Wild Card Scenario

13. Change In Circumstances For Fiat And Chrysler

14. A Design Process And Its Steps

15. Analysis Of Risk Attitudes And Financial Decisions Of Millennial Generation

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Decision-Making Essay Samples

Type of paper: Essay

Topic: Decision , Decision Making , Model , Situation , Business , Style , Criteria , Experience

Published: 2020/10/21

DECISION-Making

Decision-making is an important process. It can be a task, which needs a simple decision to be made or a difficult situation involving several issues. In difficult situations, there may be uncertainty and complexities, wherein there may be interrelated factors that could lead to high-risk consequences, the impact of the decision made could be very important. Every situation will have its own set of uncertainties and consequences. Interpersonal issues too come in the way of making an effective decision, as it is difficult to predict how people will react to different situations. If there is an effective process, even complex decisions can be made efficiently. Logical processes would lead to consistent and quality decision making. In order to make a decision, information has to be gathered. Plans should be made and past experiences should be considered. If past experiences show that the plan would not work, it is not good to go with that idea. When a plan is formulated after considering past experiences and with a strong sense that it would work this time, it would work. If it doesn’t work the plan is changed and a new one is formulated. Ideas and plans keep changing before a final decision is made. A Decision model is a tool that is used to perceive, organize and manage business logic behind a business decision. The decision model helps in providing a framework for organizing business rules into well-formed decision-based structures that are predictable, stable, can be maintained and normalized. Moreover, the decision model correlates directly with business logic and used, as a tool to meet changing business objectives and marketplace demands. Decision making style on the other hand largely depends on the decision maker’s personality, the situation and the overall nature of his or her decision-making strategy in a given situation. The type of information required for a decision influences the choice of decision-making style. The cognitive style of the decision maker is related to the decision-making style (Li, 2005). The recognition primed decision-making model was developed by Gary Klein in 1985 in order to study the decision making of the army and fire fighters while making their decisions. It was found that these decision makers did not compare options but revised the whole project. They called it the recognition primed decision-making model, wherein the decision maker will pick up cues and indicators that allowed them to recognize patterns. They generally chose a single course of action that they considered would achieve the outcome. This was done without comparing with any other option and only with the thought process of the decision maker. This was based on the mental models of the decision maker developed through his experience and knowledge. When people are experts in their chosen field, they gain sufficient experience to recognize patterns. This gives them options and usually the first options they choose tend to work. Their rapid decision making skills through the recognition primed decision-making model makes them experts. According to Klein, the use of intuition along with rational decision-making will help in recognizing situations and decide if the idea is appropriate for the situation. However, intuition may not work for all and will work for some situations. The most common decision making models are Rational and Intuitive models. There are other models too, but the above two are by far the most popular. The Rational models are those that involve a thinking process with various options and are rated with regard to their advantages and disadvantages. The option that provides the highest score is considered the most optimum. There are good decisions and bad decisions. Each one seems difficult, as there is more than one choice. As there are a lot of choices, there is conflict as potential and attractive choices have been eliminated. It is important to evaluate a decision and the criteria to use it. Many popular decision making models have been adapted from this idea and there are 5, 6 and 7- step decision making processes like the SWOT analysis, Pareto Analysis, Critical Path Analysis and the Decision Trees. The Decision Matrix Analysis is used to evaluate and prioritize a list of options against a list of criteria. The highest-ranking option, which results from this, is considered the best solution. The SWOT Analysis on the other hand, examines, the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats and draws it out in a 2x2 matrix so that it lists out the advantages and disadvantages. Though individuals can use this model, it is often used by organizations along with other models (Frederick,2005). These rational models are popular as it gives great importance to thinking. They are also popular as they are easy to teach and learn. The Rational Model is the most appreciated model as it is a cognitive process that takes a logical path by weighing the pros and cons and comes up with the best result. In the rational model, the situation and the decision to be made are defined, and then the important criteria to process and get to the result are identified. To get to the bottom of it, all possible solutions are considered. The consequences that might arise from these solutions and then if it would satisfy the criteria, is then calculated and then the best option is chosen (Li, 2005). The rational decision model suggests that there is only one best outcome. This is the reason it is called an optimizing decision making model. One of the limitations of this model is that it questions the cognitive abilities of the person who is making the decision, as to how effective their memory is and how good their imagination. This however, requires a lot of time and information and it denies the existence of emotions in decision-making. There are pros and cons to every decision-making model. However, it is a natural process that works. The disadvantages are that everyone does not practiced by everyone. People tend to ignore feedback and also do not seek feedback. As a result they do not gain sufficient experience in decision-making. The experience of experts in the field is not taken into account. “The roads we take are more important than the goals we announce. Decisions determine destiny,” said Frederick Speakman. This will be apt for rational models as it is a sequential process and goal oriented. The steps involve a thinking process and based on logic. Once the goal is determined, the next logical sequence would fall into place thus determining the decision-making process. Having a decision-making process is very important in order to reduce stress, money, time and effort.

Frederick, S. (2005). Cognitive reflection and decision-making. Journal of Economic perspectives, 25-42. Li, D. F. (2005). Multiattribute decision making models and methods using intuitionistic fuzzy sets. Journal of computer and System Sciences, 70(1), 73-85. (Frederick,2005).

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Essays on Decision Making

According to Craik, Rose " Gopie, (2015), the phrase “Recognition without awareness” refers to responding to questions correctly using guess attempts. This scenario mostly applies to students who like using multiple-choice tests to give answers that are short or questions that are in an essay form since they can have...

When making decisions, people consider the available information in order to make a rational and complete reasoning. However, this is not always the case as there are some factors that come into play and affect the rationality of people’s thinking process. The mistakes that occur in the thinking process are...

Words: 1175

Deciding: Direct vs. Indirect Decision-Making Deciding has always been the most critical part of determining a good deed from a bad one. Arguments on such ends have always been controversial but, authors including Keer et al. (2010) and Ormrod (2004) have conceptualized the ideal ways of deciding. Direct Decision-Making According to Keer et...

The article reports that the effect of chronic stress on social decisions According to Ceccato et al. (2018), there were cognitive effects of chronic stress on decision making which had not been investigated. As a result, Ceccato et al. (2018) deem it essential in studying the impacts of stress on...

Words: 1376

According to Huitt (33), a group decision is an optimum solution out of the available set alternatives originating from a participatory process in which multiple individuals are acting collectively analyzed situations or challenges, evaluate and consider alternative courses of action. People involved in this participatory process might be demographically comparable...

People are willing to avoid making important decisions that are an argument between two people ends with the flipping of a coin. Making the right choice has always had a value in society regardless of the expectations of society. It may be the reason why a person aims always to...

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Thank you for your feedback concerning the research You conducted about the Instruments we require to purchase in order to be able to improve the quality of services offered at the institution. From your responses to the concerns I raised, I find it difficult to trust the data you gave because...

The Importance of Ethical Decision Making in Business Organizations The success of any business or organization strongly lies in the hands of its management's ability to make effective and efficient decisions and at the same time observe ethical practices (Rees, Tenbrunsel & Bazerman, 2018). Thus, organizations that are fond of neglecting...

Words: 1383

Century presents an era of intensive technology use in management decisions. Laudon Laudon (2012) assert that technology has become an ingrained part of business decision making as they strive to attain their strategic objectives and consequently acquire competitive advantage. Information systems (IS) are among some of the main...

Karen Mathews published the article on March 4, 2018. In the article, Mathews unfolds the intention of the Google management team to expand its business in the New York City. According to the article, Google is close to reaching $2.4 billion deal that will see another landmark erected in New...

Words: 1249

Importance of Decision-Making Efficiency Decision-making efficiency is a critical determinant of business success (Saaty, 2008). Organizations often encounter challenges in the business environment. These challenges may stem from the external business environment or in some cases from internal systems. It is important for managers to establish the origins of challenges experienced...

Decisions and Decision Management Decisions are a vital aspect of any successful venture. Therefore, decision management is a process in decision making that involves improving and aligning organizational goals to action. Decision management ensures the decision making process yields the desired results because it employs powerful tools like organizational rules, artificial...

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Essay about Ethical Decision Making

Ethical decision-making is the process of choosing between various options, where the choices are guided by ethical principles and values. This essay explores the foundational rules of ethical decision-making, the possible and ideal ground rules, the implications of such decisions, and the application of a personal ethical framework to a difficult decision in my life. We will delve into the significance of ethics in decision-making processes and speculate on potential improvements for the future.

List of Essays

What are the ground rules, what are the ethical implications of the decision, professional and public perception, legal and environmental consequences, integrity and self-worth, empathy as a guiding principle, the imperative of respect, pursuit of fairness and justice, ethical integrity in practice, applying a different decision-making process in the future, sample of an outline for essay on ethical decision making.

Ground rules in ethical decision-making are the basic principles that guide our actions and judgments. These principles form the moral bedrock upon which we build our choices, and they are essential in establishing a sense of trust and order within society. Honesty demands that we adhere to the truth and present information in a clear and unambiguous manner. Integrity compels us to maintain our moral convictions consistently, even when faced with personal or professional challenges. Fairness requires that we distribute benefits and burdens equitably, recognizing the inherent dignity and rights of all individuals. Respect is about acknowledging the worth of every person and their viewpoints, ensuring that we treat others as we would wish to be treated. Lastly, responsibility involves recognizing the impact of our actions on others and the environment, obliging us to take accountability for the outcomes we create.

Every decision has ethical implications that can significantly impact individuals, communities, and the environment. Ethical decisions can enhance or harm reputations, influence public perception, and either build or erode trust. They can also have legal consequences and affect one's sense of self-worth and integrity.

Every decision has ethical implications that can significantly impact individuals and communities. Ethical decisions have the potential to affirm personal rights and well-being or, conversely, compromise them. They shape not only immediate personal outcomes but also influence the broader social fabric. The ripple effects of these decisions can foster trust and social cohesion or lead to discord and a decline in communal trust.

In the professional sphere, the ethical implications of a decision can enhance or harm reputations. They shape public perception and have the potential to either build a reputation for integrity or erode it. This is particularly critical in an era where information is rapidly disseminated, and public opinion is swiftly formed.

Decisions carry legal consequences and have a direct bearing on one's adherence to societal rules and regulations. Moreover, they can have a profound environmental impact, contributing either to the sustainability of our planet or to ecological challenges.

At the core of the ethical implications is the concept of integrity. Decisions that are made with ethical consideration reinforce one's sense of self-worth and integrity. They contribute to an internal sense of moral alignment, which is integral to personal identity and self-esteem. Conversely, unethical decisions can lead to an internal moral conflict and undermine one's self-regard.

Central to my ethical stance is empathy, a deliberate practice that enables me to comprehend and consider the impact of my actions on others. It transcends emotional reaction, fostering a deeper connection with those around me and ensuring a compassionate approach to decision-making.

Respect is imperative in my code of ethics. Treating individuals with dignity, honoring their autonomy, and valuing their worth are acts of engagement that form the respectful approach I uphold in my interactions.

Fairness and justice are the scales on which I weigh my actions, seeking equity and righteousness beyond the confines of law. They demand personal accountability and a dedication to an equitable application of ethical standards.

In essence, my ethical framework is about integrity. It is a living philosophy, protective and introspective, requiring continuous self-honesty and an open-minded pursuit of knowledge. It shapes not just my decisions, but my aspiration to contribute positively to the world, affirming a commitment to growth and ethical living.

In anticipation of future ethical dilemmas, I'm resolved to augment my decision-making process by weaving in principles of virtue ethics to highlight moral character, alongside the practical wisdom of pragmatism. This enriched approach promises a more comprehensive consideration of the nuances of right action, fostering decisions that not only resolve dilemmas but also contribute to personal and societal moral growth.

A structured outline for an essay on ethical decision-making might include:

• Introduction to ethical decision-making
• Exploration of current and potential ground rules
• Discussion on ideal ethical ground rules
• Examination of the implications of ethical decisions
• Presentation of a personal ethical framework
• Reflection on a difficult ethical decision
• Application and assessment of the personal ethical framework
• Consideration of diverse decision-making processes
• Conclusion summarizing the key points

In conclusion, ethical decision-making is an essential aspect of human interaction and society. Establishing ground rules, understanding their implications, and applying a personal ethical framework are key to navigating complex moral landscapes. As we grow and learn, our ethical decision-making processes must also evolve, adopting a more inclusive and reflective approach to ensure decisions are fair, just, and beneficial for all involved.

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Art Comparative Analysis Essay: Exploring the Pop Art Style

Art is a powerful medium of expression that has evolved through centuries, reflecting the changing landscapes of culture, society, and individual creativity. One fascinating aspect of art is the ability to analyze and compare different styles, periods, or movements. In this comparative analysis art essay, we will delve into the vibrant world of Pop Art, examining its key characteristics, artists, and its influence on the art world. List of Essays * Understanding Comparative Analysis in Art ...

Essay - What it Is and How to Write it With an AI Aithor

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Essay Example on Decision Making Theories

When it comes to making a decision, some different models and theories will help decision-makers come up with the desired decision. Decision-making theories can range from objective rational decision making, where individuals will make the same decision given the same information and preferences, to subjective rational decision making, where certain contexts matter in the decisions that the individuals make (Nitta, 2013). Rational choice and bounded rationality are some of the normative theories that can help decision-makers to arrive at the best decision. The rational choice theory states that decision-makers make decisions that are most aligned with their personal goals (Amadae, 2016). Contrastingly, bounded rationality states that decision-makers have limited rational decision-making due to three factors: limited knowledge, time constraint, and cognitive limitations (Boyce, 2021). Both theories are highly practiced by many disciplines, such as economics and psychology (Tyson, 2013). Yet, they both have their advantages and disadvantages, which will be discussed soon. 

In rational choice theory, decision-makers will study alternatives, evaluate consequences from each alternative, and decide on what they believe has the best consequences for themselves. Rational choice theory is most effective when information is maximized. This theory can often be seen in the stock market where investors would quickly buy any stocks that are priced lower than what would be expected and short sell any stocks that are priced too high (Ganti, 2021). This is to guarantee that the investors get the maximum profit and minimal loss. This theory, however, does not apply well to new acquisition systems, where information about the systems can be extremely limited. This theory only works when all the information is presented for the decision-maker to make a complete preference. 

Contrastingly, bounded rationality addresses some of the major flaws in the rational choice theory by heavily emphasizing the limitations of humans’ ability to process and optimize information (Boyce, 2021). The main advantage of employing this theory is that it is more realistic compared to rational choice theory. As stated earlier, it is extremely difficult to obtain the perfect information nowadays. Therefore, when facing such a situation, decision-makers may opt to satisfice instead of spending time and effort analyzing the situation. By making a satisficing decision, the outcome is acceptable for the problem rather than optimal. This theory can be found when making decisions on acquisition systems that have limited information available to analyze. Many leaders in the government sector have made decisions based on the known information along with experience and subject matter expert’s opinions. However, this theory only works if all the risks and uncertainties were identified and analyzed correctly. If not done correctly, the decision can give serious consequences that would result in loss of money, time, and effort. 

In general, there are many different types of models and theories that can help one to arrive at the best decision. However, the decision context needs to be seriously considered before applying the chosen theory. Both theories have both advantages and disadvantages, hence, it is recommended that the decision-makers should only utilize the mentioned theories based on a certain situation. 

Amadae, S. M. (2016, November 2). Rational choice theory | Definition, Examples, & Facts. Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/topic/rational-choice-theory

Boyce, P. (2021, February 16). Bounded Rationality (Definition and 3 Examples)—BoyceWire. https://boycewire.com/bounded-rationality-definition/

Ganti, A. (2021, July 21). Rational Choice Theory Definition. Investopedia. https://www.investopedia.com/terms/r/rational-choice-theory.asp

Nitta, K. (2013, March 29). Decision making. Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/topic/decision-making

Tyson, C. J. (2013, January 13). Bounded rationality. Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/topic/bounded-rationality.

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Decision-Making: Choices and Results Essay

Decision-making is sometimes a complicated process where the best knowledge and understanding of all important factors is considered. The more informed a decision is, the better outcome will result. Picking one decision over another is related to the most benefit that a person wants to get.

A random act of indecision is based on a principle that someone else, sometimes a stranger, decides for you. The best way to accomplish this is to consult someone who has a certain amount of knowledge in the subject. As a social experiment, I decided to ask a computer store worker to choose a program for me, which best deals with my needs. My only preference rested on the kind of program, which related to my field of work. The general requirement was that it must be a program used for writing articles and short stories. The store worker asked me if it had to be a program for a PC, notebook, or IPad. I own a notebook, so I answered which devise I have. He then started offering programs, which differed in layout and functions. I explained to the man that he is the one who has to pick a certain program and I will be satisfied by his own opinion and understanding of what is best. He was somewhat surprised, as people often say what they need specifically. After about 5 minutes of browsing through several programs, he selected one that was called Professional Writing for Pros. When I got home and tried the program, I was very pleased with the decision. Potentially, this way of making a choice is surprising and useful, in cases when there is not much information known about the subject. It was very efficient to let someone more knowledgeable make the decision, as I did not have to spend extra time and effort in familiarizing myself with the subject and make the selection on my own. Another decision that was taken for me was at the local restaurant. Usually, I pick something that I have tried before, so I know what kind of taste it will have. But this time, I let the person sitting next to me choose my meal. I only asked that it be something extravagant, not a usual, everyday selection. The lady started thinking and then was joined by her brother and father. The three of them had a quick recall of foods that they previously had, which were unusual to them. In the end, they came up with a choice of 2 things. One was octopus and the other was a shark’s fin soup. The father and his daughter were recommending octopus because shark’s fin soup has recently become known for its inhumane treatment of sharks. The fishermen would only use the fins and dispose of the rest of the shark. So, their choice was octopus and I was ready to try it. I have never tried octopus before and to say the truth, had a somewhat negative predisposition towards the taste. But the octopus was nicely cooked and had a side order of a seafood salad. I was very glad that I finally tried it because it was delicious. The family stayed several extra minutes to see my reaction and they were happy that I liked it. This sort of decision-making becomes a very positive experience. I believe that people should do this at least sometimes, as it is much unexpected and surprisingly easy.

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IvyPanda. (2022, February 3). Decision-Making: Choices and Results. https://ivypanda.com/essays/decision-making-choices-and-results/

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Decision Making Argumentative Essays Samples For Students

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While studying in college, you will surely have to write a lot of Argumentative Essays on Decision Making. Lucky you if linking words together and organizing them into meaningful content comes naturally to you; if it's not the case, you can save the day by finding a previously written Decision Making Argumentative Essay example and using it as a model to follow.

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(FPDM) or foreign policy desiccant making refers to the selections individuals, coalition and groups undertake that has an effect on the action of the nation on the international arena. High stakes and substantial risks, naturally characterize the decisions in foreign policy. FPDM is a vital center of research since the decisions made can shape the final choice. For instance, depending on the choice taken, an actor can land at different outcomes. Factors such as decision environment, international factors, psychological factors, and domestic factors can contribute to better determinant of foreign policy decision (Mintz 4)

The Role Of Power In Decision Making Argumentative Essay

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6 Common Leadership Styles — and How to Decide Which to Use When

• Rebecca Knight

Being a great leader means recognizing that different circumstances call for different approaches.

Research suggests that the most effective leaders adapt their style to different circumstances — be it a change in setting, a shift in organizational dynamics, or a turn in the business cycle. But what if you feel like you’re not equipped to take on a new and different leadership style — let alone more than one? In this article, the author outlines the six leadership styles Daniel Goleman first introduced in his 2000 HBR article, “Leadership That Gets Results,” and explains when to use each one. The good news is that personality is not destiny. Even if you’re naturally introverted or you tend to be driven by data and analysis rather than emotion, you can still learn how to adapt different leadership styles to organize, motivate, and direct your team.

Much has been written about common leadership styles and how to identify the right style for you, whether it’s transactional or transformational, bureaucratic or laissez-faire. But according to Daniel Goleman, a psychologist best known for his work on emotional intelligence, “Being a great leader means recognizing that different circumstances may call for different approaches.”

• RK Rebecca Knight is a journalist who writes about all things related to the changing nature of careers and the workplace. Her essays and reported stories have been featured in The Boston Globe, Business Insider, The New York Times, BBC, and The Christian Science Monitor. She was shortlisted as a Reuters Institute Fellow at Oxford University in 2023. Earlier in her career, she spent a decade as an editor and reporter at the Financial Times in New York, London, and Boston.

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Guest Essay

J.D. Vance: The Math on Ukraine Doesn’t Add Up

By J. D. Vance

Mr. Vance, a Republican, is the junior senator from Ohio.

President Biden wants the world to believe that the biggest obstacle facing Ukraine is Republicans and our lack of commitment to the global community. This is wrong.

Ukraine’s challenge is not the G.O.P.; it’s math. Ukraine needs more soldiers than it can field, even with draconian conscription policies. And it needs more matériel than the United States can provide. This reality must inform any future Ukraine policy, from further congressional aid to the diplomatic course set by the president.

The Biden administration has applied increasing pressure on Republicans to pass a supplemental aid package of more than $60 billion to Ukraine. I voted against this package in the Senate and remain opposed to virtually any proposal for the United States to continue funding this war. Mr. Biden has failed to articulate even basic facts about what Ukraine needs and how this aid will change the reality on the ground.

The most fundamental question: How much does Ukraine need and how much can we actually provide? Mr. Biden suggests that a $60 billion supplemental means the difference between victory and defeat in a major war between Russia and Ukraine. That is also wrong. This $60 billion is a fraction of what it would take to turn the tide in Ukraine’s favor. But this is not just a matter of dollars. Fundamentally, we lack the capacity to manufacture the amount of weapons Ukraine needs us to supply to win the war.

Consider our ability to produce 155-millimeter artillery shells. Last year, Ukraine’s defense minister estimated that the country’s base-line requirement for these shells was over four million per year but that it could fire up to seven million if that many were available. Since the start of the conflict, the United States has gone to great lengths to ramp up production of 155-millimeter shells. We’ve roughly doubled our capacity and can now produce 360,000 per year — less than a tenth of what Ukraine says it needs. The administration’s goal is to get this to 1.2 million — 30 percent of what’s needed — by the end of 2025. This would cost the American taxpayers dearly while yielding an unpleasantly familiar result: failure abroad.

Just this week, the top American military commander in Europe argued that absent further security assistance, Russia could soon have a 10-to-1 artillery advantage over Ukraine. What didn’t gather as many headlines is that Russia’s current advantage is at least 5 to 1, even after all the money we have poured into the conflict. Neither of these ratios plausibly leads to Ukrainian victory.

Proponents of American aid to Ukraine have argued that our approach has been a boon to our own economy, creating jobs here in the factories that manufacture weapons. But our national security interests can be — and often are — separate from our economic interests. The notion that we should prolong a bloody and gruesome war because it’s been good for American business is grotesque. We can and should rebuild our industrial base without shipping its products to a foreign conflict.

The story is the same when we look at other munitions. Take the Patriot missile system — our premier air defense weapon. It’s of such importance in this war that Ukraine’s foreign minister has specifically demanded them. That’s because in March alone, Russia reportedly launched over 3,000 guided aerial bombs, 600 drones and 400 missiles at Ukraine. To fend off these attacks, the Ukrainian president, Volodymyr Zelensky, and others have indicated they need thousands of Patriot interceptors per year. The problem is this: The United States only manufactures 550 per year. If we pass the supplemental aid package currently being considered in Congress, we could potentially increase annual production to 650, but that’s still less than a third of what Ukraine requires.

These weapons are not only needed by Ukraine. If China were to set its sights on Taiwan, the Patriot missile system would be critical to its defense. In fact, the United States has promised to send Taiwan nearly $900 million worth of Patriot missiles, but delivery of those weapons and other essential resources has been severely delayed, partly because of shortages caused by the war in Ukraine.

If that sounds bad, Ukraine’s manpower situation is even worse. Here are the basics: Russia has nearly four times the population of Ukraine. Ukraine needs upward of half a million new recruits, but hundreds of thousands of fighting-age men have already fled the country. The average Ukrainian soldier is roughly 43 years old , and many soldiers have already served two years at the front with few, if any, opportunities to stop fighting. After two years of conflict, there are some villages with almost no men left. The Ukrainian military has resorted to coercing men into service, and women have staged protests to demand the return of their husbands and fathers after long years of service at the front. This newspaper reported one instance in which the Ukrainian military attempted to conscript a man with a diagnosed mental disability.

Many in Washington seem to think that hundreds of thousands of young Ukrainians have gone to war with a song in their heart and are happy to label any thought to the contrary Russian propaganda. But major newspapers on both sides of the Atlantic are reporting that the situation on the ground in Ukraine is grim.

These basic mathematical realities were true, but contestable, at the outset of the war. They were obvious and incontestable a year ago, when American leadership worked closely with Mr. Zelensky to undertake a disastrous counteroffensive. The bad news is that accepting brute reality would have been most useful last spring, before the Ukrainians launched that extremely costly and unsuccessful military campaign. The good news is that even now, a defensive strategy can work. Digging in with old-fashioned ditches, cement and land mines are what enabled Russia to weather Ukraine’s 2023 counteroffensive. Our allies in Europe could better support such a strategy, as well. While some European countries have provided considerable resources, the burden of military support has thus far fallen heaviest on the United States.

By committing to a defensive strategy, Ukraine can preserve its precious military manpower, stop the bleeding and provide time for negotiations to commence. But this would require both the American and Ukrainian leadership to accept that Mr. Zelensky’s stated goal for the war — a return to 1991 boundaries — is fantastical.

The White House has said time and again that it can’t negotiate with President Vladimir Putin of Russia. This is absurd. The Biden administration has no viable plan for the Ukrainians to win this war. The sooner Americans confront this truth, the sooner we can fix this mess and broker for peace.

J.D. Vance ( @JDVance1 ), a Republican, is the junior senator from Ohio.

The Times is committed to publishing a diversity of letters to the editor. We’d like to hear what you think about this or any of our articles. Here are some tips . And here’s our email: [email protected] .

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