Top 100 Journal Publications In The World: Global Rankings
Discover the pinnacle of academic publishing with our definitive list of the Top 100 Journal Publications in the World.
This carefully curated selection spans a wide array of disciplines, offering insights into the journals that lead in innovation, research impact, and scholarly influence.
Based on authoritative metrics and citation data from Google Scholar, this guide serves as an invaluable resource you to contribute to and stay informed on the cutting edge of their fields.
Top 100 Journal Publications In The World
| Name of Journal | h5-Index Score | Field |
|---|---|---|
| Nature | 467 | Multidisciplinary |
| The New England Journal of Medicine | 439 | Medicine |
| Science | 424 | Multidisciplinary |
| IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition | 422 | Computer Science |
| The Lancet | 368 | Medicine |
| Nature Communications | 349 | Multidisciplinary |
| Advanced Materials | 326 | Materials Science |
| Cell | 316 | Biology |
| Neural Information Processing Systems | 309 | Computer Science |
| International Conference on Learning Representations | 303 | Computer Science |
| JAMA | 286 | Medicine |
| Science of The Total Environment | 273 | Environmental Science |
| Nature Medicine | 268 | Biomedical Science |
| Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences | 268 | Multidisciplinary |
| Angewandte Chemie International Edition | 266 | Chemistry |
| Chemical Reviews | 264 | Chemistry |
| International Conference on Machine Learning | 254 | Computer Science |
| Chemical Society Reviews | 248 | Chemistry |
| Journal of Cleaner Production | 246 | Environmental Science & Technology |
| Nucleic Acids Research | 238 | Molecular Biology |
How To Determine A Journal’s Rankings?
Determining the value of a journal in the dense forest of academic publishing can be quite the task, especially with the myriad of scientific disciplines vying for your attention.
Impact Factor
A good starting point is to look at the journal’s impact factor.
This metric, often used as an indicator of a journal’s prestige and influence, reflects the average number of citations received by articles published in the journal.
High-impact journals like those in the “Journal of the American Academy of Sciences” or “Springer’s Environmental Research” often boast impressive impact factors, signaling their importance in their respective fields.
Databases – Google Scholar, Scopus
Another critical aspect to consider is the journal’s ranking within international databases like Google Scholar or Scopus.
These platforms aggregate data on academic journals and provide rankings based on various metrics, including citation counts and impact factors.
A journal listed in the top 100 according to Google Scholar rank, for instance, is likely to be a high-quality publication respected by scholars worldwide. Google uses the H5-index score to rank journals.
It’s essential to dive into these rankings and understand the criteria behind them, as they offer insights into a journal’s reputation and the impact of its research output.
Top 100 Journal Publications In The World (Google Scholar)
Google Scholar, a widely used resource for academic literature, provides a comprehensive ranking of journals based on metrics such as citation counts and impact factors. Here, we explore the top 100 journal publications in the world according to the latest Google Scholar rankings (at the time of writing). We also look into their h5-index scores, fields, and a brief overview of each.
- Nature: Score: 467 – Field: Multidisciplinary Nature is a flagship journal renowned for publishing some of the most pioneering research across all scientific disciplines. Its high score reflects its broad influence and the groundbreaking nature of its articles.
- The New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM): Score: 439 – Field: Medicine NEJM is considered one of the most prestigious medical journals, known for its rigorous peer review process and for publishing high-impact research that often shapes global health policies and practices.
- Science: Score: 424 – Field: Multidisciplinary As a peer-reviewed academic journal, Science is celebrated for its highly cited papers across diverse scientific fields, reflecting its role in advancing knowledge and fostering scientific discourse.
- IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR): Score: 422 – Field: Computer Science CVPR is a highly regarded conference in the field of computer vision, with its proceedings being pivotal for researchers and professionals looking to stay abreast of the latest developments in the field.
- The Lancet: Score: 368 – Field: Medicine The Lancet’s long-standing reputation for publishing high-quality medical research makes it a go-to source for clinicians and researchers alike, covering a wide array of medical disciplines.
- Nature Communications: Score: 349 – Field: Multidisciplinary This open-access journal is known for facilitating the exchange of ideas and findings across all areas of science, ensuring broad visibility of research through its accessible format.
- Advanced Materials: Score: 326 – Field: Materials Science With a focus on cutting-edge research in materials science, Advanced Materials is instrumental for those exploring the design and applications of new materials.
- Cell: Score: 316 – Field: Biology Cell’s high impact factor is testament to its role in publishing significant discoveries in biology, particularly those that advance understanding of cell structure and function.
- Neural Information Processing Systems (NeurIPS): Score: 309 – Field: Computer Science As a premier conference, NeurIPS is at the forefront of new advancements in machine learning and artificial intelligence, showcasing high-quality research that pushes the boundaries of the field.
- International Conference on Learning Representations (ICLR): Score: 303 – Field: Computer Science ICLR has rapidly become a key venue for the dissemination of cutting-edge research in deep learning and neural networks, reflecting the dynamic nature of the field.
- JAMA (Journal of the American Medical Association): Score: 286 – Field: Medicine JAMA is recognized for its influential research articles that span the spectrum of medicine, aiming to inform clinical practice and health policy.
- Science of The Total Environment: Score: 273 – Field: Environmental Science This journal provides an interdisciplinary platform for research on the environment, tackling issues from pollution and contamination to sustainable practices.
- Nature Medicine: Score: 268 – Field: Biomedical Science Focused on groundbreaking research in health and disease, Nature Medicine is a key resource for understanding the biomedical implications of scientific discoveries.
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS): Score: 268 – Field: Multidisciplinary PNAS publishes high-quality research across the physical, biological, and social sciences, making it a cornerstone of the scientific community.
- Angewandte Chemie International Edition: Score: 266 – Field: Chemistry Known for its high-quality papers in all areas of chemistry, this journal is essential for chemists seeking comprehensive insights into the field’s latest developments.
- Chemical Reviews: Score: 264 – Field: Chemistry This journal stands out for its in-depth review articles that synthesize current knowledge and trends in chemistry, serving as invaluable resources for researchers and educators alike.
- International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML): Score: 254 – Field: Computer Science ICML is a leading conference focusing on the latest in machine learning research, offering insights into theoretical foundations and practical applications.
- Chemical Society Reviews: Score: 248 – Field: Chemistry With its focus on review articles, this journal provides a critical overview of the major developments in the chemical sciences, guiding researchers through the vast landscape of the field.
- Journal of Cleaner Production: Score: 246 – Field: Environmental Science & Technology This journal addresses the environmental and sustainability challenges in production and consumption, promoting research that leads to cleaner and more efficient practices.
- Nucleic Acids Research: Score: 238 – Field: Molecular Biology Specializing in DNA and RNA research, this journal is pivotal for those in the field of genetics and molecular biology, publishing high-impact studies on the structure, function, and applications of nucleic acids.
For journals from position 21-100, we list them down below:
- European Conference on Computer Vision : Score: 238 – Field: Computer Vision
- Advanced Energy Materials : Score: 236 – Field: Energy Materials
- Journal of the American Chemical Society : Score: 235 – Field: Chemistry
- IEEE Access : Score: 233 – Field: Multidisciplinary Engineering
- Advanced Functional Materials : Score: 230 – Field: Materials Science
- IEEE/CVF International Conference on Computer Vision : Score: 228 – Field: Computer Vision
- Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews : Score: 226 – Field: Energy & Environment
- ACS Nano : Score: 220 – Field: Nanoscience
- BMJ : Score: 218 – Field: Medicine
- Physical Review Letters : Score: 216 – Field: Physics
- International Journal of Molecular Sciences : Score: 215 – Field: Molecular Sciences
- Journal of Clinical Oncology : Score: 213 – Field: Oncology
- AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence : Score: 212 – Field: Artificial Intelligence
- Science Advances : Score: 212 – Field: Multidisciplinary Science
- PLoS ONE : Score: 212 – Field: Multidisciplinary Science
- Frontiers in Immunology : Score: 212 – Field: Immunology
- Scientific Reports : Score: 210 – Field: Multidisciplinary Science
- Circulation : Score: 206 – Field: Cardiology
- Chemical Engineering Journal : Score: 206 – Field: Chemical Engineering
- Energy & Environmental Science : Score: 205 – Field: Environmental Science
- Applied Catalysis B: Environmental : Score: 205 – Field: Environmental Science
- International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health : Score: 201 – Field: Public Health
- The Lancet Oncology : Score: 198 – Field: Oncology
- Journal of the American College of Cardiology : Score: 193 – Field: Cardiology
- Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (ACL) : Score: 192 – Field: Computational Linguistics
- Nutrients : Score: 189 – Field: Nutrition & Dietetics
- Nature Genetics : Score: 188 – Field: Genetics
- Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report : Score: 186 – Field: Public Health
- Applied Energy : Score: 186 – Field: Energy
- Nature Biotechnology : Score: 185 – Field: Biotechnology
- Sustainability : Score: 185 – Field: Sustainability
- Nano Energy : Score: 184 – Field: Energy
- Joule : Score: 183 – Field: Energy
- Journal of Materials Chemistry A : Score: 183 – Field: Materials Chemistry
- Nature Materials : Score: 180 – Field: Materials Science
- IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence : Score: 179 – Field: Computer Science
- ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces : Score: 179 – Field: Materials Science
- Nature Energy : Score: 177 – Field: Energy
- ACS Catalysis : Score: 177 – Field: Catalysis
- The Lancet Infectious Diseases : Score: 176 – Field: Infectious Diseases
- Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing (EMNLP) : Score: 176 – Field: Natural Language Processing
- Journal of Business Research : Score: 173 – Field: Business
- Gastroenterology : Score: 172 – Field: Gastroenterology
- European Heart Journal : Score: 171 – Field: Cardiology
- IEEE Internet of Things Journal : Score: 171 – Field: Internet of Things
- Nature Nanotechnology : Score: 170 – Field: Nanotechnology
- Environmental Pollution : Score: 170 – Field: Environmental Science
- The Astrophysical Journal : Score: 169 – Field: Astrophysics
- Environmental Science & Technology : Score: 169 – Field: Environmental Science
- Frontiers in Psychology : Score: 169 – Field: Psychology
- Immunity : Score: 168 – Field: Immunology
- Sensors : Score: 168 – Field: Sensors & Electronics
- Annals of Oncology : Score: 166 – Field: Oncology
- ACS Energy Letters : Score: 166 – Field: Energy
- Journal of Hazardous Materials : Score: 166 – Field: Environmental Science
- IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials : Score: 164 – Field: Telecommunications
- Nature Neuroscience : Score: 164 – Field: Neuroscience
- Gut : Score: 164 – Field: Gastroenterology
- Molecular Cancer : Score: 164 – Field: Cancer Research
- Molecules : Score: 164 – Field: Chemistry
- Small : Score: 164 – Field: Nanoscience
- Clinical Infectious Diseases : Score: 163 – Field: Infectious Diseases
- Nature Methods : Score: 163 – Field: Methods in Life Sciences
- Accounts of Chemical Research : Score: 163 – Field: Chemistry
- IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics : Score: 162 – Field: Industrial Informatics
- Physical Review D : Score: 161 – Field: Physics
- Bioresource Technology : Score: 161 – Field: Bioenergy and Bioproducts
- American Economic Review : Score: 160 – Field: Economics
- Cell Metabolism : Score: 160 – Field: Metabolism
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society : Score: 160 – Field: Astronomy
- Chemosphere : Score: 160 – Field: Environmental Science
- Blood : Score: 158 – Field: Hematology
- Cell Reports : Score: 158 – Field: Cell Biology
- Nano Letters : Score: 158 – Field: Nanoscience
- Advanced Science : Score: 158 – Field: Multidisciplinary Science
- Journal of High Energy Physics : Score: 158 – Field: High Energy Physics
- Nature Reviews Immunology : Score: 157 – Field: Immunology
- Technological Forecasting and Social Change : Score: 157 – Field: Social Sciences & Technology
- Frontiers in Microbiology : Score: 155 – Field: Microbiology
- Water Research : Score: 155 – Field: Water Science & Engineering
Prestigious Academic Journals By Ranking and Citation
This list of Top 100 Journal Publications represent the zenith of scholarly communication, embodying excellence across diverse scientific and academic fields.
This list not only highlights the journals that set the benchmark for quality and impact but also serves as a beacon for researchers aiming for the highest standards in their work.
As the landscape of academic publishing continues to evolve, these publications will undoubtedly play a pivotal role in shaping the future of research and knowledge dissemination.
Dr Andrew Stapleton has a Masters and PhD in Chemistry from the UK and Australia. He has many years of research experience and has worked as a Postdoctoral Fellow and Associate at a number of Universities. Although having secured funding for his own research, he left academia to help others with his YouTube channel all about the inner workings of academia and how to make it work for you.
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| Title | Type | --> | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | journal | 106.094 Q1 | 211 | 49 | 124 | 4844 | 35427 | 89 | 381.89 | 98.86 | 43.95 | ||
| 2 | journal | 37.044 Q1 | 39 | 3 | 13 | 897 | 955 | 13 | 100.11 | 299.00 | 27.78 | ||
| 3 | journal | 35.910 Q1 | 508 | 123 | 336 | 11462 | 13599 | 153 | 34.50 | 93.19 | 29.41 | ||
| 4 | journal | 30.448 Q1 | 306 | 47 | 136 | 3645 | 2240 | 136 | 11.14 | 77.55 | 26.67 | ||
| 5 | journal | 26.837 Q1 | 505 | 105 | 304 | 10805 | 10951 | 163 | 31.23 | 102.90 | 44.33 | ||
| 6 | journal | 24.342 Q1 | 892 | 439 | 1496 | 32820 | 53447 | 1207 | 31.30 | 74.76 | 40.19 | ||
| 7 | journal | 22.399 Q1 | 391 | 239 | 731 | 8584 | 13091 | 153 | 19.72 | 35.92 | 34.15 | ||
| 8 | journal | 22.344 Q1 | 359 | 95 | 353 | 6242 | 4811 | 351 | 10.33 | 65.71 | 23.89 | ||
| 9 | journal | 21.836 Q1 | 184 | 117 | 335 | 8842 | 13775 | 196 | 31.17 | 75.57 | 26.86 | ||
| 10 | journal | 21.048 Q1 | 217 | 127 | 400 | 9888 | 10807 | 183 | 28.36 | 77.86 | 38.85 | ||
| 11 | journal | 20.544 Q1 | 1184 | 1388 | 4522 | 14603 | 107246 | 1824 | 21.69 | 10.52 | 38.26 | ||
| 12 | journal | 19.139 Q1 | 352 | 83 | 227 | 5043 | 1938 | 221 | 7.00 | 60.76 | 16.91 | ||
| 13 | journal | 19.045 Q1 | 630 | 595 | 1363 | 16478 | 36243 | 729 | 27.23 | 27.69 | 43.99 | ||
| 14 | journal | 18.663 Q1 | 71 | 0 | 19 | 0 | 963 | 19 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | ||
| 15 | journal | 18.587 Q1 | 23 | 11 | 16 | 0 | 802 | 16 | 47.57 | 0.00 | 81.69 | ||
| 16 | journal | 18.530 Q1 | 215 | 83 | 261 | 4493 | 2531 | 258 | 7.04 | 54.13 | 17.80 | ||
| 17 | journal | 18.509 Q1 | 1391 | 3770 | 8037 | 74917 | 160102 | 3840 | 19.40 | 19.87 | 38.12 | ||
| 18 | journal | 18.117 Q1 | 511 | 485 | 1066 | 13393 | 17008 | 461 | 13.24 | 27.61 | 35.19 | ||
| 19 | journal | 17.828 Q1 | 833 | 271 | 851 | 115878 | 50519 | 819 | 49.76 | 427.59 | 30.50 | ||
| 20 | journal | 17.701 Q1 | 223 | 75 | 273 | 3371 | 1946 | 268 | 6.24 | 44.95 | 13.84 | ||
| 21 | journal | 17.654 Q1 | 234 | 108 | 410 | 6448 | 4495 | 409 | 8.04 | 59.70 | 16.43 | ||
| 22 | journal | 17.507 Q1 | 398 | 178 | 590 | 11546 | 12604 | 360 | 19.83 | 64.87 | 41.91 | ||
| 23 | journal | 17.497 Q1 | 229 | 229 | 609 | 6629 | 16808 | 379 | 26.18 | 28.95 | 29.53 | ||
| 24 | journal | 17.300 Q1 | 639 | 336 | 654 | 13672 | 13100 | 504 | 19.88 | 40.69 | 37.01 | ||
| 25 | journal | 16.061 Q1 | 388 | 36 | 103 | 14097 | 4303 | 99 | 42.66 | 391.58 | 14.94 | ||
| 26 | journal | 16.009 Q1 | 467 | 169 | 540 | 11148 | 13815 | 304 | 23.17 | 65.96 | 36.44 | ||
| 27 | journal | 15.966 Q1 | 264 | 102 | 252 | 19168 | 11266 | 244 | 38.64 | 187.92 | 24.30 | ||
| 28 | journal | 15.827 Q1 | 140 | 106 | 297 | 4359 | 4041 | 62 | 12.99 | 41.12 | 41.35 | ||
| 29 | journal | 15.620 Q1 | 328 | 23 | 84 | 4178 | 2696 | 83 | 27.02 | 181.65 | 40.68 | ||
| 30 | journal | 14.943 Q1 | 115 | 16 | 42 | 403 | 896 | 41 | 24.10 | 25.19 | 77.78 | ||
| 31 | journal | 14.796 Q1 | 388 | 400 | 978 | 11477 | 15900 | 588 | 17.52 | 28.69 | 33.83 | ||
| 32 | journal | 14.780 Q1 | 123 | 0 | 13 | 0 | 374 | 11 | 12.56 | 0.00 | 0.00 | ||
| 33 | journal | 14.707 Q1 | 32 | 46 | 35 | 4815 | 2160 | 34 | 61.71 | 104.67 | 36.44 | ||
| 34 | journal | 14.618 Q1 | 160 | 70 | 247 | 587 | 5353 | 230 | 21.11 | 8.39 | 58.79 | ||
| 35 | journal | 14.605 Q1 | 109 | 23 | 72 | 5797 | 1938 | 70 | 14.90 | 252.04 | 45.57 | ||
| 36 | journal | 14.577 Q1 | 419 | 262 | 637 | 10044 | 17562 | 466 | 27.42 | 38.34 | 28.93 | ||
| 37 | journal | 14.293 Q1 | 421 | 123 | 346 | 10202 | 6211 | 207 | 17.40 | 82.94 | 32.86 | ||
| 38 | journal | 14.231 Q1 | 558 | 306 | 834 | 9499 | 20730 | 593 | 24.08 | 31.04 | 24.85 | ||
| 39 | journal | 14.175 Q1 | 210 | 28 | 92 | 3163 | 1260 | 86 | 10.59 | 112.96 | 42.59 | ||
| 40 | journal | 13.942 Q1 | 294 | 144 | 670 | 5180 | 12698 | 362 | 18.81 | 35.97 | 39.02 | ||
| 41 | book series | 13.670 Q1 | 210 | 14 | 42 | 3772 | 1271 | 39 | 23.96 | 269.43 | 26.09 | ||
| 42 | journal | 13.655 Q1 | 311 | 89 | 563 | 4857 | 6315 | 559 | 11.14 | 54.57 | 23.11 | ||
| 43 | journal | 13.609 Q1 | 165 | 93 | 250 | 5332 | 1699 | 250 | 6.02 | 57.33 | 15.88 | ||
| 44 | journal | 13.578 Q1 | 455 | 233 | 688 | 15608 | 13409 | 550 | 16.89 | 66.99 | 40.35 | ||
| 45 | journal | 13.315 Q1 | 136 | 180 | 471 | 6682 | 12109 | 368 | 24.27 | 37.12 | 26.28 | ||
| 46 | journal | 13.080 Q1 | 260 | 243 | 827 | 1865 | 14374 | 679 | 16.58 | 7.67 | 62.53 | ||
| 47 | journal | 12.511 Q1 | 635 | 252 | 983 | 61439 | 44032 | 979 | 38.71 | 243.81 | 32.40 | ||
| 48 | journal | 12.324 Q1 | 81 | 55 | 137 | 2838 | 862 | 137 | 6.20 | 51.60 | 17.36 | ||
| 49 | journal | 12.294 Q1 | 46 | 62 | 154 | 8174 | 4174 | 86 | 27.10 | 131.84 | 31.14 | ||
| 50 | journal | 12.288 Q1 | 44 | 60 | 79 | 4858 | 3323 | 78 | 42.06 | 80.97 | 33.06 |
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| 9. | Last Revised: 19 Mar 2014 | 117,873 |
| 10. | and Last Revised: 16 Sep 2019 | 112,879 |
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Research Topics
Top 10 research topics from 2022.
Find the answers to your biggest research questions from 2022. With collective views of over 3.2 million, researchers explored topics spanning from vaccine safety and psychedelic therapy to quaternary fossils and antiviral plants .
Research Topics:
1. Viral diseases
- 499,000 views
- 37 articles
2. Exploring sound
- 442,000 views
- 23 articles
3. Neurodegenerative diseases
- 387,000 views
- 19 articles
4. Psychedelic therapy
- 346,000 views
- 22 articles
5. Circadian rhythms
- 335,000 views
6. Covid-19 insights
- 320,000 views
- 84 articles
7. Vaccine safety
- 244,000 views
- 10 articles
8. Spirituality and healthcare
- 242,000 views
- 16 articles
9. Antiviral plants
- 208,000 views
10. Quaternary fossils
- 144,000 views
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Research Paper Topics
Choose your Topic Smart
What starts well, ends well, so you need to be really careful with research paper topics. The topic of a research paper defines the whole piece of writing. How often have you chosen the book by its title? First impression is often influential, so make sure your topic will attract the reader instantly. By choosing your topic smart, the half of your job is done. That is why we have singled out several secrets on how to pick the best topic for you. Also see the list of 1000 thesis topics .
Browse Research Paper Topics by Category:
- Anthropology
- Argumentative
- Communication
- Criminal Justice
- Environmental
- Political Science
What is the Key to a Perfect Topic for a Research Paper?
The key to a perfect topic includes three main secrets: interest, precision, and innovation.
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It is impossible to do something great if you have no interest in what you are doing. For this reason, make sure you choose the topic that drives you. If you are bored by what you investigate, do not expect that your paper will be exciting. Right now, spend some minutes or even hours thinking about what interests you. Jot down all your preferences in life, science, politics, social issues etc. It will help you get the idea what you can write about.
After realizing what drives you, narrow this general idea to a more specific one. A research paper is not about beating around the bush. You will need clear facts and data. You will have to provide evidence to your ideas. You will need to be precise, specific and convincing.
Finally, the idea of any research is that it should be surprising and distinctive. Think what makes your perspective and approach special. What is the novelty of your research?
Use Technology
If you are still stuck, use technology. Today we have an opportunity to make our lives easier with a bit of technology used. You can find paper topic generators online. This software will examine the category you want to investigate and the keywords from your research. Within several seconds, this program generates paper topics, so you can try it yourself. It can help you get started with your assignment.
100% Effective Advice
We will now give you advice that is 100% effective when picking the topic. Firstly, forget about what others may think about your topic. This is your topic and this is your perception of the world. Stay personal and let your personal style get you the top grades. Secondly, never decide on the topic before analyzing the background for your research. By this we mean, investigate the topic before you start the research proper. It happens quite often that students choose the topic and later they realize there is no data or information to use. That is why conduct some research beforehand. Thirdly, read other researchers’ papers on the topic you want to write about. It will help you get the idea of the investigation. Moreover, it will help you understand whether you truly want to write a paper on this topic. Finally, when you have picked the topic, started your research, make sure you dedicate your time and energy. If you want to get high results, you need to study every little details of your research.
Examine Different Ideas
People often come up with genius ideas after analyzing thousands of other people’s ideas. This is how our brain works. That is why you can analyze other people’s ideas for research paper topics and think up your own. If you have never written any paper of that kind, it will help you understand the gist of this assignment, the style and the requirements. By comparing different topics, you can motivate yourself and get inspired with these ideas. Luckily, you have come to the right place. Here is our list of top 100 research paper topics.
Top 10 Argumentative Research Paper Topics:
Argumentative research papers examine some controversial issues. Your task is to provide your point of view, your argument, and support your idea with the evidence. This academic assignment requires appropriate structuring and formatting.
- Does a College Education Pay?
- Dual Career Families and Working Mothers
- Electronic Copyright and Piracy
- Drinking on Campus
- Education for Homeless Children
- Glass ceiling
- Honor System at Colleges
- Sex and Violence on TV
- Word Population and Hunger
- World Trade and Globalization
Top 10 Economics Research Paper Topics:
If you are studying economics, you can find various topics at our site. Check out topics of micro- and macroeconomics. See ideas for urgent economic problems, economic models and strategies. Get inspired and come up with your perfect topic.
- Beyond Make-or-Buy: Advances in Transaction Cost Economics
- Economic Aspects of Cultural Heritage
- Economics of Energy Markets
- Globalization and Inequality
- International Trade and Trade Restrictions
- Aggregate Expenditures Model and Equilibrium Output
- Taxes Versus Standards
- Predatory Pricing and Strategic Entry Barriers
- Marxian and Institutional Industrial Relations in the United States
- Twentieth-Century Economic Methodology
Top 10 Education Research Paper Topics:
Education has so many questions, and yet few answers. The list of education topic is endless. We have chosen the top 10 topics on the urgent issues in education. You can find ideas related to different approaches, methodology, classroom management, etc.
- Teachers Thinking About Their Practice
- Cognitive Approaches to Motivation in Education
- Responsive Classroom Management
- Ten Steps to Complex Learning
- Economics and School-to-Work
- Reading and Literacy in Adolescence
- Diversifying the Teaching Force
- Teacher-Student Relationships
- Preparing for College and Graduate School
- Role of Professional Learning
Top 10 History Research Paper Topics:
Choose your topic regarding cultural, economic, environmental, military, political or social history. See what other researchers investigated, compare their ideas and pick the topic that interests you.
- European Expansion
- Orientalism
- Current trends in Historiography
- Green Revolution
- Religion and War
- Women’s Emancipation Movements
- History of Civilization
Top 10 Psychology Research Paper Topics:
The list of psychology categories and topics is enormous. We have singled out the most popular topics on psychology in 2019. It is mostly topics on modern psychology. Choose the topic the appeals to you the most or ask our professionals to help you come up with some original idea.
- Imaging Techniques for the Localization of Brain Function
- Memory and Eyewitness Testimony
- Traditional Neuroscience Research Methods
- Meditation and the Relaxation Response
- Assessment of Mental Health in Older Adults
- Cross-Cultural Psychology and Research
- Industrial and Organizational Psychology
- Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
- Prejudice and Stereotyping
- Nature Versus Nurture
Top 10 Biology Research Paper Topics:
Here you can find topics related to the science of all forms of life. Examine the topics from different fields in biology and choose the best one for you.
- Biological Warfare
- Clone and Cloning
- Genetic Disorders
- Genetic Engineering
- Kangaroos and Wallabies
- Mendelian Laws of Inheritance
- Molecular Biology
- Sexually Transmitted Diseases
Top 10 Chemistry Research Paper Topics:
The best way to understand chemistry is to write a paper on chemistry topic. Below you can see the topics from different fields of chemistry: organic, inorganic, physical, analytical and others.
- Acids and Bases
- Alkaline Earth Metals
- Dyes and Pigments
- Chemical Warfare
- Industrial Minerals
- Photochemistry
- Soaps and Detergents
- Transition Elements
Top 10 Physics Research Paper Topics:
Check out the topics on classical and modern physics. Find ideas for writing about interrelationships of physics to other sciences.
- Aerodynamics
- Atomic Theory
- Celestial Mechanics
- Fluid Dynamics
- Magnetic recording
- Microwave Communication
- Quantum mechanics
- Subatomic particles
Top 10 Sociology Research Paper Topics:
Find ideas related to different sociological theories, research and methodologies.
- Feminist Methodologies and Epistemology
- Quality-of-Life Research
- Sociology of Men and Masculinity
- Sociology of Leisure and Recreation
- Environmental Sociology
- Teaching and Learning in Sociology
- The History of Sociology: The North American Perspective
- The Sociology of Voluntary Associations
- Marriage and Divorce in the United States
- Urban Sociology in the 21 st Century
Top 10 Technology Research Paper Topics:
See topics related to the cutting-edge technology or dive into history of electronics, or even early advances in agriculture.
- Food Preservation: Freeze Drying, Irradiation, and Vacuum Packing
- Tissue Culturing
- Digital Telephony
- Computer-Aided Control Technology
- Minerals Prospecting
- Prefabricated Buildings
- Timber Engineering
- Quantum Electronic Devices
- Thermal Water Moderated Nuclear Reactors
- Long Range Radars and Early Warning Systems
What Makes a Good Topic for a Research Paper?
A good research paper topic is the one that is successful and manageable in your particular case. A successful research paper poses an interesting question you can actually answer. Just as important, it poses a question you can answer within the time available. The question should be one that interests you and deserves exploration. It might be an empirical question or a theoretical puzzle. In some fields, it might be a practical problem or policy issue. Whatever the question is, you need to mark off its boundaries clearly and intelligently so you can complete the research paper and not get lost in the woods. That means your topic should be manageable as well as interesting and important.
A topic is manageable if you can:
- Master the relevant literature
- Collect and analyze the necessary data
- Answer the key questions you have posed
- Do it all within the time available, with the skills you have
A topic is important if it:
- Touches directly on major theoretical issues and debates, or
- Addresses substantive topics of great interest in your field
Ideally, your topic can do both, engaging theoretical and substantive issues. In elementary education, for example, parents, teachers, scholars, and public officials all debate the effectiveness of charter schools, the impact of vouchers, and the value of different reading programs. A research paper on any of these would resonate within the university and well beyond it. Still, as you approach such topics, you need to limit the scope of your investigation so you can finish your research and writing on time. After all, to be a good research paper, it first has to be a completed one. A successful research paper poses an interesting question you can actually answer within the time available for the project. Some problems are simply too grand, too sweeping to master within the time limits. Some are too minor to interest you or anybody else.
The solution, however, is not to find a lukewarm bowl of porridge, a bland compromise. Nor is it to abandon your interest in larger, more profound issues such as the relationship between school organization and educational achievement or between immigration and poverty. Rather, the solution is to select a well-defined topic that is closely linked to some larger issue and then explore that link. Your research paper will succeed if you nail a well-defined topic. It will rise to excellence if you probe that topic deeply and show how it illuminates wider issues.The best theses deal with important issues, framed in manageable ways. The goal is to select a well-defined topic that is closely linked to some larger issue and can illuminate it.
You can begin your project with either a large issue or a narrowly defined topic, depending on your interests and the ideas you have generated. Whichever way you start, the goals are the same: to connect the two in meaningful ways and to explore your specific topic in depth.
Of course, the choice of a particular research paper topic depends on the course you’re taking. Our site can offer you the following research paper topics and example research papers:
Moving from a Research Paper Idea to a Research Paper Topic
Let’s begin as most students actually do, by going from a “big issue” to a more manageable research paper topic. Suppose you start with a big question such as, “Why has the United States fought so many wars since 1945?” That’s certainly a big, important question. Unfortunately, it’s too complex and sprawling to cover well in a research paper. Working with your professor or instructor, you could zero in on a related but feasible research topic, such as “Why did the Johnson administration choose to escalate the U.S. war in Vietnam?” By choosing this topic, your research paper can focus on a specific war and, within that, on a few crucial years in the mid-1960s.
You can draw on major works covering all aspects of the Vietnam War and the Johnson administration’s decision making. You have access to policy memos that were once stamped top secret. These primary documents have now been declassified, published by the State Department, and made available to research libraries. Many are readily available on the Web. You can also take advantage of top-quality secondary sources (that is, books and articles based on primary documents, interviews, and other research data).
Drawing on these primary and secondary sources, you can uncover and critique the reasons behind U.S. military escalation. As you answer this well-defined question about Vietnam, you can (and you should) return to the larger themes that interest you, namely, “What does the escalation in Southeast Asia tell us about the global projection of U.S. military power since 1945?” As one of America’s largest military engagements since World War II, the war in Vietnam should tell us a great deal about the more general question.
The goal here is to pick a good case to study, one that is compelling in its own right and speaks to the larger issue. It need not be a typical example, but it does need to illuminate the larger question. Some cases are better than others precisely because they illuminate larger issues. That’s why choosing the best cases makes such a difference in your research paper.
Since you are interested in why the United States has fought so often since 1945, you probably shouldn’t focus on U.S. invasions of Grenada, Haiti, or Panama in the past two decades. Why? Because the United States has launched numerous military actions against small, weak states in the Caribbean for more than a century. That is important in its own right, but it doesn’t say much about what has changed so dramatically since 1945. The real change since 1945 is the projection of U.S. power far beyond the Western Hemisphere, to Europe and Asia. You cannot explain this change—or any change, for that matter—by looking at something that remains constant.
In this case, to analyze the larger pattern of U.S. war fighting and the shift it represents, you need to pick examples of distant conflicts, such as Korea, Vietnam, Kosovo, Afghanistan, or Iraq. That’s the noteworthy change since 1945: U.S. military intervention outside the Western Hemisphere. The United States has fought frequently in such areas since World War II but rarely before then. Alternatively, you could use statistics covering many cases of U.S. intervention around the world, perhaps supplemented with some telling cases studies.
Students in the humanities want to explore their own big ideas, and they, too, need to focus their research. In English literature, their big issue might be “masculinity” or, to narrow the range a bit, “masculinity in Jewish American literature.” Important as these issues are, they are too vast for anyone to read all the major novels plus all the relevant criticism and then frame a comprehensive research paper.
If you don’t narrow these sprawling topics and focus your work, you can only skim the surface. Skimming the surface is not what you want to do in a research paper. You want to understand your subject in depth and convey that understanding to your readers.
That does not mean you have to abandon your interest in major themes. It means you have to restrict their scope in sensible ways. To do that, you need to think about which aspects of masculinity really interest you and then find works that deal with them.
You may realize your central concern is how masculinity is defined in response to strong women. That focus would still leave you considerable flexibility, depending on your academic background and what you love to read. That might be anything from a reconsideration of Macbeth to an analysis of early twentieth-century American novels, where men must cope with women in assertive new roles. Perhaps you are interested in another aspect of masculinity: the different ways it is defined within the same culture at the same moment. That would lead you to novelists who explore these differences in their characters, perhaps contrasting men who come from different backgrounds, work in different jobs, or simply differ emotionally. Again, you would have considerable flexibility in choosing specific writers.
Connecting a Specific Research Paper Topic to a Bigger Idea
Not all students begin their research paper concerned with big issues such as masculinity or American wars over the past half century. Some start with very specific topics in mind. One example might be the decision to create NAFTA, the North American Free Trade Agreement encompassing Canada, the United States, and Mexico. Perhaps you are interested in NAFTA because you discussed it in a course, heard about it in a political campaign, or saw its effects firsthand on local workers, companies, and consumers. It intrigues you, and you would like to study it in a research paper. The challenge is to go from this clear-cut subject to a larger theme that will frame your paper.
Why do you even need to figure out a larger theme? Because NAFTA bears on several major topics, and you cannot explore all of them. Your challenge—and your opportunity—is to figure out which one captures your imagination.
One way to think about that is to finish this sentence: “For me, NAFTA is a case of ___________.” If you are mainly interested in negotiations between big and small countries, then your answer is, “For me, NAFTA is a case of a large country like the United States bargaining with a smaller neighbor.” Your answer would be different if you are mainly interested in decision making within the United States, Mexico, or Canada. In that case, you might say, “NAFTA seems to be a case where a strong U.S. president pushed a trade policy through Congress.” Perhaps you are more concerned with the role played by business lobbies. “For me, NAFTA is a case of undue corporate influence over foreign economic policy.” Or you could be interested in the role of trade unions, environmental groups, or public opinion.
The NAFTA decision is related to all these big issues and more. You cannot cover them all. There is not enough time, and even if there were, the resulting paper would be too diffuse, too scattershot. To make an impact, throw a rock, not a handful of pebbles.
Choosing one of these large issues will shape your research paper on NAFTA. If you are interested in U.S. decision making, for example, you might study the lobbying process or perhaps the differences between Democrats and Republicans. If you are interested in diplomacy, you would focus on negotiations between the United States, Canada, and Mexico. Either would make an interesting research paper, but they are different topics.
Although the subject matter and analysis are decidedly different in the humanities, many of the same considerations still apply to topic selection. In English or comparative literature, for example, you may be attracted to a very specific topic such as several poems by William Wordsworth. You are not trying, as a social scientist would, to test some generalizations that apply across time or space. Rather, you want to analyze these specific poems, uncover their multiple meanings, trace their allusions, and understand their form and beauty.
As part of the research paper, however, you may wish to say something bigger, something that goes beyond these particular poems. That might be about Wordsworth’s larger body of work. Are these poems representative or unusual? Do they break with his previous work or anticipate work yet to come? You may wish to comment on Wordsworth’s close ties to his fellow “Lake Poets,” Coleridge and Southey, underscoring some similarities in their work. Do they use language in shared ways? Do they use similar metaphors or explore similar themes? You may even wish to show how these particular poems are properly understood as part of the wider Romantic movement in literature and the arts. Any of these would connect the specific poems to larger themes.
How to Refine Your Research Paper Topic
One of your professor’s or instructor’s most valuable contributions to the success of your research paper is to help you refine your topic. She can help you select the best cases for detailed study or the best data and statistical techniques. S/he can help you find cases that shed light on larger questions, have good data available, and are discussed in a rich secondary literature. She may know valuable troves of documents to explore. That’s why it is so important to bring these issues up in early meetings. These discussions with your instructor are crucial in moving from a big but ill-defined idea to a smart, feasible topic.Some colleges supplement this advising process by offering special workshops and tutorial support for students. These are great resources, and you should take full advantage of them. They can improve your project in at least two ways.
First, tutors and workshop leaders are usually quite adept at helping you focus and shape your topic. That’s what they do best. Even if they are relatively new teachers, they have been writing research papers themselves for many years. They know how to do it well and how to avoid common mistakes. To craft their own papers, they have learned how to narrow their topics, gather data, interpret sources, and evaluate conjectures. They know how to use appropriate methods and how to mine the academic literature. In all these ways, they can assist you with their own hard-won experience. To avoid any confusion, just make sure your instructor knows what advice you are getting from workshop leaders and tutors. You want everyone to be pulling in the same direction.
Second, you will benefit enormously from batting around your research paper in workshops. The more you speak about your subject, the better you will understand it yourself. The better you understand it, the clearer your research and writing will be. You will learn about your project as you present your ideas; you will learn more as you listen to others discuss your work; and you will learn still more as you respond to their suggestions. Although you should do that in sessions with your instructor, you will also profit from doing it in workshops and tutorial sessions.
Secrets to Keep in Mind when Writing a Research Paper
As a bonus, we have prepared several secrets for you to make your paper perfect. Firstly, always write your paper from scratch. Do not copy the already existing materials, as it can lead to unsatisfactory mark or even expulsion. Secondly, start your research early; do not put off investigating the topic. The earlier you start, the easier it will be to meet the deadline. Thirdly, plan your work and create an outline for your task. A planned work will help you be systematic. Plus, it will help you avoid writer’s block, as you always have an outline to follow. Another secret is following all the requirements. A research paper is an academic assignment, so all these structural and formatting standards are important. Finally, make sure you proofread and edit your task. Check your paper for grammar and spelling mistakes, examine your choice of vocabulary. If it seems too much, you can always ask our professional editors and they will check the paper for you. A mistakes-free paper is essential to get high results.
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113 Great Research Paper Topics
General Education
One of the hardest parts of writing a research paper can be just finding a good topic to write about. Fortunately we've done the hard work for you and have compiled a list of 113 interesting research paper topics. They've been organized into ten categories and cover a wide range of subjects so you can easily find the best topic for you.
In addition to the list of good research topics, we've included advice on what makes a good research paper topic and how you can use your topic to start writing a great paper.
What Makes a Good Research Paper Topic?
Not all research paper topics are created equal, and you want to make sure you choose a great topic before you start writing. Below are the three most important factors to consider to make sure you choose the best research paper topics.
#1: It's Something You're Interested In
A paper is always easier to write if you're interested in the topic, and you'll be more motivated to do in-depth research and write a paper that really covers the entire subject. Even if a certain research paper topic is getting a lot of buzz right now or other people seem interested in writing about it, don't feel tempted to make it your topic unless you genuinely have some sort of interest in it as well.
#2: There's Enough Information to Write a Paper
Even if you come up with the absolute best research paper topic and you're so excited to write about it, you won't be able to produce a good paper if there isn't enough research about the topic. This can happen for very specific or specialized topics, as well as topics that are too new to have enough research done on them at the moment. Easy research paper topics will always be topics with enough information to write a full-length paper.
Trying to write a research paper on a topic that doesn't have much research on it is incredibly hard, so before you decide on a topic, do a bit of preliminary searching and make sure you'll have all the information you need to write your paper.
#3: It Fits Your Teacher's Guidelines
Don't get so carried away looking at lists of research paper topics that you forget any requirements or restrictions your teacher may have put on research topic ideas. If you're writing a research paper on a health-related topic, deciding to write about the impact of rap on the music scene probably won't be allowed, but there may be some sort of leeway. For example, if you're really interested in current events but your teacher wants you to write a research paper on a history topic, you may be able to choose a topic that fits both categories, like exploring the relationship between the US and North Korea. No matter what, always get your research paper topic approved by your teacher first before you begin writing.
113 Good Research Paper Topics
Below are 113 good research topics to help you get you started on your paper. We've organized them into ten categories to make it easier to find the type of research paper topics you're looking for.
Arts/Culture
- Discuss the main differences in art from the Italian Renaissance and the Northern Renaissance .
- Analyze the impact a famous artist had on the world.
- How is sexism portrayed in different types of media (music, film, video games, etc.)? Has the amount/type of sexism changed over the years?
- How has the music of slaves brought over from Africa shaped modern American music?
- How has rap music evolved in the past decade?
- How has the portrayal of minorities in the media changed?
Current Events
- What have been the impacts of China's one child policy?
- How have the goals of feminists changed over the decades?
- How has the Trump presidency changed international relations?
- Analyze the history of the relationship between the United States and North Korea.
- What factors contributed to the current decline in the rate of unemployment?
- What have been the impacts of states which have increased their minimum wage?
- How do US immigration laws compare to immigration laws of other countries?
- How have the US's immigration laws changed in the past few years/decades?
- How has the Black Lives Matter movement affected discussions and view about racism in the US?
- What impact has the Affordable Care Act had on healthcare in the US?
- What factors contributed to the UK deciding to leave the EU (Brexit)?
- What factors contributed to China becoming an economic power?
- Discuss the history of Bitcoin or other cryptocurrencies (some of which tokenize the S&P 500 Index on the blockchain) .
- Do students in schools that eliminate grades do better in college and their careers?
- Do students from wealthier backgrounds score higher on standardized tests?
- Do students who receive free meals at school get higher grades compared to when they weren't receiving a free meal?
- Do students who attend charter schools score higher on standardized tests than students in public schools?
- Do students learn better in same-sex classrooms?
- How does giving each student access to an iPad or laptop affect their studies?
- What are the benefits and drawbacks of the Montessori Method ?
- Do children who attend preschool do better in school later on?
- What was the impact of the No Child Left Behind act?
- How does the US education system compare to education systems in other countries?
- What impact does mandatory physical education classes have on students' health?
- Which methods are most effective at reducing bullying in schools?
- Do homeschoolers who attend college do as well as students who attended traditional schools?
- Does offering tenure increase or decrease quality of teaching?
- How does college debt affect future life choices of students?
- Should graduate students be able to form unions?
- What are different ways to lower gun-related deaths in the US?
- How and why have divorce rates changed over time?
- Is affirmative action still necessary in education and/or the workplace?
- Should physician-assisted suicide be legal?
- How has stem cell research impacted the medical field?
- How can human trafficking be reduced in the United States/world?
- Should people be able to donate organs in exchange for money?
- Which types of juvenile punishment have proven most effective at preventing future crimes?
- Has the increase in US airport security made passengers safer?
- Analyze the immigration policies of certain countries and how they are similar and different from one another.
- Several states have legalized recreational marijuana. What positive and negative impacts have they experienced as a result?
- Do tariffs increase the number of domestic jobs?
- Which prison reforms have proven most effective?
- Should governments be able to censor certain information on the internet?
- Which methods/programs have been most effective at reducing teen pregnancy?
- What are the benefits and drawbacks of the Keto diet?
- How effective are different exercise regimes for losing weight and maintaining weight loss?
- How do the healthcare plans of various countries differ from each other?
- What are the most effective ways to treat depression ?
- What are the pros and cons of genetically modified foods?
- Which methods are most effective for improving memory?
- What can be done to lower healthcare costs in the US?
- What factors contributed to the current opioid crisis?
- Analyze the history and impact of the HIV/AIDS epidemic .
- Are low-carbohydrate or low-fat diets more effective for weight loss?
- How much exercise should the average adult be getting each week?
- Which methods are most effective to get parents to vaccinate their children?
- What are the pros and cons of clean needle programs?
- How does stress affect the body?
- Discuss the history of the conflict between Israel and the Palestinians.
- What were the causes and effects of the Salem Witch Trials?
- Who was responsible for the Iran-Contra situation?
- How has New Orleans and the government's response to natural disasters changed since Hurricane Katrina?
- What events led to the fall of the Roman Empire?
- What were the impacts of British rule in India ?
- Was the atomic bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki necessary?
- What were the successes and failures of the women's suffrage movement in the United States?
- What were the causes of the Civil War?
- How did Abraham Lincoln's assassination impact the country and reconstruction after the Civil War?
- Which factors contributed to the colonies winning the American Revolution?
- What caused Hitler's rise to power?
- Discuss how a specific invention impacted history.
- What led to Cleopatra's fall as ruler of Egypt?
- How has Japan changed and evolved over the centuries?
- What were the causes of the Rwandan genocide ?
- Why did Martin Luther decide to split with the Catholic Church?
- Analyze the history and impact of a well-known cult (Jonestown, Manson family, etc.)
- How did the sexual abuse scandal impact how people view the Catholic Church?
- How has the Catholic church's power changed over the past decades/centuries?
- What are the causes behind the rise in atheism/ agnosticism in the United States?
- What were the influences in Siddhartha's life resulted in him becoming the Buddha?
- How has media portrayal of Islam/Muslims changed since September 11th?
Science/Environment
- How has the earth's climate changed in the past few decades?
- How has the use and elimination of DDT affected bird populations in the US?
- Analyze how the number and severity of natural disasters have increased in the past few decades.
- Analyze deforestation rates in a certain area or globally over a period of time.
- How have past oil spills changed regulations and cleanup methods?
- How has the Flint water crisis changed water regulation safety?
- What are the pros and cons of fracking?
- What impact has the Paris Climate Agreement had so far?
- What have NASA's biggest successes and failures been?
- How can we improve access to clean water around the world?
- Does ecotourism actually have a positive impact on the environment?
- Should the US rely on nuclear energy more?
- What can be done to save amphibian species currently at risk of extinction?
- What impact has climate change had on coral reefs?
- How are black holes created?
- Are teens who spend more time on social media more likely to suffer anxiety and/or depression?
- How will the loss of net neutrality affect internet users?
- Analyze the history and progress of self-driving vehicles.
- How has the use of drones changed surveillance and warfare methods?
- Has social media made people more or less connected?
- What progress has currently been made with artificial intelligence ?
- Do smartphones increase or decrease workplace productivity?
- What are the most effective ways to use technology in the classroom?
- How is Google search affecting our intelligence?
- When is the best age for a child to begin owning a smartphone?
- Has frequent texting reduced teen literacy rates?
How to Write a Great Research Paper
Even great research paper topics won't give you a great research paper if you don't hone your topic before and during the writing process. Follow these three tips to turn good research paper topics into great papers.
#1: Figure Out Your Thesis Early
Before you start writing a single word of your paper, you first need to know what your thesis will be. Your thesis is a statement that explains what you intend to prove/show in your paper. Every sentence in your research paper will relate back to your thesis, so you don't want to start writing without it!
As some examples, if you're writing a research paper on if students learn better in same-sex classrooms, your thesis might be "Research has shown that elementary-age students in same-sex classrooms score higher on standardized tests and report feeling more comfortable in the classroom."
If you're writing a paper on the causes of the Civil War, your thesis might be "While the dispute between the North and South over slavery is the most well-known cause of the Civil War, other key causes include differences in the economies of the North and South, states' rights, and territorial expansion."
#2: Back Every Statement Up With Research
Remember, this is a research paper you're writing, so you'll need to use lots of research to make your points. Every statement you give must be backed up with research, properly cited the way your teacher requested. You're allowed to include opinions of your own, but they must also be supported by the research you give.
#3: Do Your Research Before You Begin Writing
You don't want to start writing your research paper and then learn that there isn't enough research to back up the points you're making, or, even worse, that the research contradicts the points you're trying to make!
Get most of your research on your good research topics done before you begin writing. Then use the research you've collected to create a rough outline of what your paper will cover and the key points you're going to make. This will help keep your paper clear and organized, and it'll ensure you have enough research to produce a strong paper.
What's Next?
Are you also learning about dynamic equilibrium in your science class? We break this sometimes tricky concept down so it's easy to understand in our complete guide to dynamic equilibrium .
Thinking about becoming a nurse practitioner? Nurse practitioners have one of the fastest growing careers in the country, and we have all the information you need to know about what to expect from nurse practitioner school .
Want to know the fastest and easiest ways to convert between Fahrenheit and Celsius? We've got you covered! Check out our guide to the best ways to convert Celsius to Fahrenheit (or vice versa).
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The top 10 journal articles
Vol. 53 No. 1 Print version: page 26
1. COVID-19 disruption on college students: Academic and socioemotional implications
Tasso, A. F., Hisli Sahin, N., San Roman, G. J.
This study in Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy (Vol. 13, No. 1) reveals that college students experienced emotional distress on many levels during the COVID-19 pandemic. Researchers surveyed 257 students at a U.S. college who all participated in remote learning off campus during the spring of 2020 because of the pandemic. Students reported being afraid of contracting COVID-19 and even more afraid of people within their social network contracting the virus. They also reported worrying about themselves or loved ones becoming severely ill, academic-related distress following the transition to remote learning, and COVID-19-related mental health distress, including interpersonal disengagement, struggles with motivation, and boredom, as well as anxiety, depression, and sleep disturbances. DOI: 10.1037/tra0000996
2. COVID-19 and the workplace: Implications, issues, and insights for future research and action
Kniffin, K. M., Narayanan, J., Anseel, F., Antonakis, J., Ashford, S. P., Bakker, A. B., Bamberger, P., Bapuji, H. Bhave, D. P., Choi, V. K., Creary, S. J., Demerouti, E., Flynn, F. J., Gelfand, M. J., Greer, L. L., Johns, G., Kesebir, S., Klein, P. G., Lee, S. Y., Ozcelik, H., Petriglieri, J. L., Rothbard, N. P., Rudolph, C. W., Shaw, J. D., Sirola, N., Wanberg, C. R., Whillans, A., Wilmot, M. P., Vugt, M.
This article in American Psychologist (Vol. 76, No. 1) presents possible workplace trends resulting from COVID-19, including remote work, virtual teamwork and management, social distancing, and unemployment. The analysis suggests that working from home will continue and expand post-pandemic. As for effects on workers, the authors predict increases in economic inequality, loneliness, stress, burnout, and addiction. Other workplace changes the authors forecast include virtual work arrangements that may foster more participatory relationships, new performance management and evaluation systems for remote workers, and new modes of surveillance by companies to check in on employees working remotely. DOI: 10.1037/amp0000716
3. A closer look at appearance and social media: Measuring activity, self-presentation, and social comparison and their associations with emotional adjustment
Zimmer-Gembeck, M. J., Hawes, T., Pariz, J.
This Psychology of Popular Media (Vol. 10, No. 1) study presents a tool to assess youth’s preoccupation with their physical appearance on social media. Researchers administered a 21-item survey about social media to 281 Australian high school students. They identified 18 items with strong inter-item correlation centered on three categories of social media behavior: online self-presentation, appearance-related online activity, and appearance comparison. In a second study with 327 Australian university students, scores on the 18-item survey were found to be associated with measures of social anxiety and depressive symptoms, appearance-related support from others, general interpersonal stress, coping flexibility, sexual harassment, disordered eating, and other issues. The researchers also found that young women engaged in more appearance-related social media activity and appearance comparison than did young men. DOI: 10.1037/ppm0000277
4. When social isolation is nothing new: A longitudinal study on psychological distress during COVID-19 among university students with and without preexisting mental health concerns
Hamza, C. A., Ewing, L., Heath, N. L., Goldstein, A. L.
In this study in Canadian Psychology (Vol. 62, No. 1), researchers examined the psychological impacts of COVID-19 on the mental health of postsecondary students with and without preexisting mental health concerns prior to the pandemic. The researchers surveyed 773 college students in Canada in May 2019 and again in May 2020 about recent stressful experiences and their mental health status. They found that students with preexisting mental health concerns showed improving or similar mental health during the early pandemic compared with 1 year prior. By contrast, students without preexisting mental health concerns were more likely to exhibit declining mental health during the pandemic, perhaps because they had less experience with social isolation than did students with preexisting mental health issues, the researchers suggest. DOI: 10.1037/cap0000255
5. Trauma-focused cognitive-behavioral therapy (TF-CBT) for interpersonal trauma in transitional-aged youth
Peters, W., Rice, S., Cohen, J., Murray, L., Schley, C., Alvarez-Jimenez, M., Bendall, S.
This pilot study in Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy (Vol. 13, No. 3) indicates that trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy (TF-CBT) is an effective treatment for young people who have experienced post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) following interpersonal trauma such as child physical or sexual abuse, maltreatment, or neglect. Researchers delivered 15 TF-CBT sessions over 25 weeks to 20 youth ages 15 to 25 (transitional-aged) in Australia, 16 of whom had a PTSD diagnosis. They found that following treatment, 15 of 16 participants no longer met criteria for a PTSD diagnosis, and self-report measures of PTSD, depression, and anxiety showed improvement, though some participants reported transient increases in symptoms. The researchers plan to conduct a larger randomized clinical trial to examine the effectiveness of TF-CBT for PTSD and other frequently co-occurring symptoms, including anxiety, depression, and substance use. DOI: 10.1037/tra0001016
6. Social media use and friendship closeness in adolescents’ daily lives: An experience sampling study
Pouwels, J. L., Valkenburg, P. M., Beyens, I., van Driel, I. I., Keijsers, L.
Adolescents who use social media apps such as Instagram more frequently than their peers feel closer to their friends, suggests this study in Developmental Psychology (Vol. 57, No. 2). Researchers asked 387 adolescents ages 13 to 15 in the Netherlands to report six times per day for 3 weeks their Instagram, WhatsApp, and Snapchat use in the previous hour, as well as their momentary experiences of friendship closeness. They found that participants who used WhatsApp and Instagram with close friends with whom they felt a sense of trust, support, and intimacy more frequently throughout the 3 weeks experienced higher levels of friendship closeness during the study than their peers. However, participants felt less close to their friends after they had used Instagram or WhatsApp in the previous hour, perhaps, the researchers suggest, resulting from unmet expectations that friends would immediately provide feedback on their posts. Neither association was found with Snapchat. DOI: 10.1037/dev0001148
7. Every (Insta)gram counts? Applying cultivation theory to explore the effects of Instagram on young users’ body image
Stein, J.-P., Krause, E., Ohler, P.
This study in Psychology of Popular Media (Vol. 10, No. 1) suggests that young people who frequently browse Instagram in a highly engaged way are more critical of strangers’ bodies and indulge more often in disordered eating—even if their own body image is unaffected. Researchers asked 228 participants ages 18 to 34 in Germany about changes in weight-related knowledge, attitudes, and self-reported dietary restraint. They found that participants, especially women, who browsed Instagram’s content more actively than their peers formed harsher views about the weight of strangers as well as an increased risk for disordered eating, but not a reduction in satisfaction with their own bodies. DOI: 10.1037/ppm0000268
8. Nonverbal overload: A theoretical argument for the causes of Zoom fatigue
Bailenson, J. N.
This review article in Technology, Mind, and Behavior (Vol. 2, No. 1) combines theory and prior research to derive four explanations for “Zoom fatigue,” the feeling of exhaustion brought on by video calls: excessive close-up eye contact with speakers, constant self-evaluation of one’s own image on the screen, remaining in a fixed position in view of the camera, and the increased cognitive load of sending and receiving nonverbal communication. The author offers the following solutions: reduce the size of the Zoom window to minimize face size, hide “self-view,” position the camera further away to allow for moving beyond a fixed sitting position without disrupting the call, and take “audio-only” breaks by both turning the camera off and turning away from the screen. DOI: 10.1037/tmb0000030
9. Coping during the COVID-19 pandemic: Relations with mental health and quality of life
Shamblaw, A. L., Rumas, R. L., Best, M. W.
During the COVID-19 pandemic, people using avoidance coping strategies experienced increased depression and anxiety, while those using approach coping strategies, such as positive reframing, received the largest mental health boost, suggests this study in Canadian Psychology (Vol. 62, No. 1). In April 2020, researchers surveyed 797 online participants in the United States and Canada about 14 different approach or avoidance coping strategies as well as symptoms of depression, anxiety, and quality of life. One month later, 395 of the participants took the survey again. The researchers found that avoidance coping was associated with higher depression, higher anxiety, and lower quality of life at baseline and increased depression and anxiety 1 month later. Approach coping was associated with lower depression and better quality of life at baseline but not over the 1-month period. Of the specific coping strategies examined, reframing negative aspects of the pandemic was the most beneficial. DOI: 10.1037/cap0000263
10. Integrating responsive motivational interviewing with cognitive-behavioral therapy for generalized anxiety disorder: Direct and indirect effects on interpersonal outcomes
Muir, H. J., Constantino, M. J., Coyne, A. E., Westra, H. A., Antony, M. M.
This study in the Journal of Psychotherapy Integration (Vol. 31, No. 1) indicates that adding motivational interviewing (MI)—a psychotherapy module that helps people resolve feelings of ambivalence—to cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) to treat generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) can bring about long-term changes in nonassertiveness and overaccommodation. In other words, the combination treatment helps people better assert themselves and not give in to others’ demands. Researchers randomly assigned 85 Canadian patients with GAD to a brief treatment of CBT or MI-CBT. Patients completed measures of nonassertiveness and overaccommodation throughout the treatment and across a 12-month follow-up. The researchers found that both MI-CBT and CBT reduced nonassertiveness and overaccommodation, but at 12 months, MI-CBT had helped patients more than CBT alone. This effect was explained by MI-CBT therapists’ ability to help patients overcome midtreatment resistance. DOI: 10.1037/int0000194
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The top list of academic research databases
2. Web of Science
5. ieee xplore, 6. sciencedirect, 7. directory of open access journals (doaj), get the most out of your academic research database, frequently asked questions about academic research databases, related articles.
Whether you are writing a thesis , dissertation, or research paper it is a key task to survey prior literature and research findings. More likely than not, you will be looking for trusted resources, most likely peer-reviewed research articles.
Academic research databases make it easy to locate the literature you are looking for. We have compiled the top list of trusted academic resources to help you get started with your research:
Scopus is one of the two big commercial, bibliographic databases that cover scholarly literature from almost any discipline. Besides searching for research articles, Scopus also provides academic journal rankings, author profiles, and an h-index calculator .
- Coverage: 90.6 million core records
- References: N/A
- Discipline: Multidisciplinary
- Access options: Limited free preview, full access by institutional subscription only
- Provider: Elsevier
Web of Science also known as Web of Knowledge is the second big bibliographic database. Usually, academic institutions provide either access to Web of Science or Scopus on their campus network for free.
- Coverage: approx. 100 million items
- References: 1.4 billion
- Access options: institutional subscription only
- Provider: Clarivate (formerly Thomson Reuters)
PubMed is the number one resource for anyone looking for literature in medicine or biological sciences. PubMed stores abstracts and bibliographic details of more than 30 million papers and provides full text links to the publisher sites or links to the free PDF on PubMed Central (PMC) .
- Coverage: approx. 35 million items
- Discipline: Medicine and Biological Sciences
- Access options: free
- Provider: NIH
For education sciences, ERIC is the number one destination. ERIC stands for Education Resources Information Center, and is a database that specifically hosts education-related literature.
- Coverage: approx. 1.6 million items
- Discipline: Education
- Provider: U.S. Department of Education
IEEE Xplore is the leading academic database in the field of engineering and computer science. It's not only journal articles, but also conference papers, standards and books that can be search for.
- Coverage: approx. 6 million items
- Discipline: Engineering
- Provider: IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers)
ScienceDirect is the gateway to the millions of academic articles published by Elsevier, 1.4 million of which are open access. Journals and books can be searched via a single interface.
- Coverage: approx. 19.5 million items
The DOAJ is an open-access academic database that can be accessed and searched for free.
- Coverage: over 8 million records
- Provider: DOAJ
JSTOR is another great resource to find research papers. Any article published before 1924 in the United States is available for free and JSTOR also offers scholarships for independent researchers.
- Coverage: more than 12 million items
- Provider: ITHAKA
Start using a reference manager like Paperpile to save, organize, and cite your references. Paperpile integrates with PubMed and many popular databases, so you can save references and PDFs directly to your library using the Paperpile buttons:
Scopus is one of the two big commercial, bibliographic databases that cover scholarly literature from almost any discipline. Beside searching for research articles, Scopus also provides academic journal rankings, author profiles, and an h-index calculator .
PubMed is the number one resource for anyone looking for literature in medicine or biological sciences. PubMed stores abstracts and bibliographic details of more than 30 million papers and provides full text links to the publisher sites or links to the free PDF on PubMed Central (PMC)
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- 10 Research Question Examples to Guide Your Research Project
10 Research Question Examples to Guide your Research Project
Published on October 30, 2022 by Shona McCombes . Revised on October 19, 2023.
The research question is one of the most important parts of your research paper , thesis or dissertation . It’s important to spend some time assessing and refining your question before you get started.
The exact form of your question will depend on a few things, such as the length of your project, the type of research you’re conducting, the topic , and the research problem . However, all research questions should be focused, specific, and relevant to a timely social or scholarly issue.
Once you’ve read our guide on how to write a research question , you can use these examples to craft your own.
| Research question | Explanation |
|---|---|
| The first question is not enough. The second question is more , using . | |
| Starting with “why” often means that your question is not enough: there are too many possible answers. By targeting just one aspect of the problem, the second question offers a clear path for research. | |
| The first question is too broad and subjective: there’s no clear criteria for what counts as “better.” The second question is much more . It uses clearly defined terms and narrows its focus to a specific population. | |
| It is generally not for academic research to answer broad normative questions. The second question is more specific, aiming to gain an understanding of possible solutions in order to make informed recommendations. | |
| The first question is too simple: it can be answered with a simple yes or no. The second question is , requiring in-depth investigation and the development of an original argument. | |
| The first question is too broad and not very . The second question identifies an underexplored aspect of the topic that requires investigation of various to answer. | |
| The first question is not enough: it tries to address two different (the quality of sexual health services and LGBT support services). Even though the two issues are related, it’s not clear how the research will bring them together. The second integrates the two problems into one focused, specific question. | |
| The first question is too simple, asking for a straightforward fact that can be easily found online. The second is a more question that requires and detailed discussion to answer. | |
| ? dealt with the theme of racism through casting, staging, and allusion to contemporary events? | The first question is not — it would be very difficult to contribute anything new. The second question takes a specific angle to make an original argument, and has more relevance to current social concerns and debates. |
| The first question asks for a ready-made solution, and is not . The second question is a clearer comparative question, but note that it may not be practically . For a smaller research project or thesis, it could be narrowed down further to focus on the effectiveness of drunk driving laws in just one or two countries. |
Note that the design of your research question can depend on what method you are pursuing. Here are a few options for qualitative, quantitative, and statistical research questions.
| Type of research | Example question |
|---|---|
| Qualitative research question | |
| Quantitative research question | |
| Statistical research question |
Other interesting articles
If you want to know more about the research process , methodology , research bias , or statistics , make sure to check out some of our other articles with explanations and examples.
Methodology
- Sampling methods
- Simple random sampling
- Stratified sampling
- Cluster sampling
- Likert scales
- Reproducibility
Statistics
- Null hypothesis
- Statistical power
- Probability distribution
- Effect size
- Poisson distribution
Research bias
- Optimism bias
- Cognitive bias
- Implicit bias
- Hawthorne effect
- Anchoring bias
- Explicit bias
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10 creative research topics for students (2024)
Last updated
25 November 2023
Reviewed by
Miroslav Damyanov
Research is a key part of student life, but deciding which topic to research can take time and effort. The right research topic typically aligns with your skills and interests, has current relevance, and can positively impact the world.
In this article, you’ll find some helpful examples to help you get started.
- What is a research topic, and what is it for?
Research topics enable students to drill down into a specific aspect of a subject to broaden their knowledge and share learnings with others. They are typically used to make discoveries or develop fresh viewpoints.
A research topic defines the specific theme that research will be conducted around. It’s essential for providing a key focus for the work to be completed. Ultimately, it defines a core problem or knowledge gap that needs to be solved.
A clear topic helps define what is being studied and how that information will be communicated to others.
- Research topic vs. research question
A research topic is a broad theme of focus that requires further investigation. It’s the project’s overall subject—an aspect of which will be studied.
A research topic example could be “The effects of meditation on stress reduction.”
A research question is a specific inquiry that researchers want to investigate and answer to broaden their knowledge and make new discoveries. Research questions are much more specific, focusing on a very small aspect of the overall topic.
The right research question will specifically set out what is being researched so there is no ambiguity.
Here’s an example of a research question within the topic: “How does meditation impact stress, anxiety, and burnout in the workplace?”
- What makes a good research paper topic?
Here are the characteristics that make some topics more favorable and useful than others:
Clarity: a helpful research topic should be clearly understood to ensure the integrity of the research. It should be clear to the student and mentor/professor what the topic is and how it will be explored.
Originality: answering questions that have already been researched and answered many times before could be a waste of resources. Answering original questions is key to getting the most out of research. This might involve researching topics that have already been covered from a different angle or exploring an entirely new topic.
Relevance: it’s helpful to ensure that a research topic is related to your expertise and your access to resources. This will ensure that the research topic is relevant to you.
Ethical : ethics should always be considered when conducting research. Your research shouldn’t cause physical or mental harm to any participants. You should also consider animal and environmental ethics.
- How can I choose a good topic for my research paper?
With so many topics to choose from, selecting a topic for your research paper can be overwhelming. That’s why it’s a good idea to consider these three points to make the best choice:
1. Lean into personal interest
Being interested and experienced in a particular field will make the research more interesting, relevant, and straightforward to conduct.
Your interest will mean you’re committed and motivated to discover the answer to your research question. Being personally engaged also makes the process more enjoyable.
One caveat to keep in mind is the potential for bias. If you are invested in the research having a particular result, you must ensure it’s accurate, double-checked, and reviewed by an impartial party.
2. Choose a topic with enough information
Your research project might fail if you don’t have access to sufficient information and resources. There needs to be enough information to gain deep insights into the research at hand.
Consider the resources you have within your project limits. If your research has funding, carefully work out what that funding could be used for. If not, you may need to consider research that you’ll be able to complete with access to public records and other free resources.
Timings, finances, access to participants, and publicly accessible information will all need to be considered before choosing the final topic to research.
3. Consider the guidelines
You’ll need to adhere to the specific guidelines that your school, mentor, or professor have laid out. They may request that the topic be related to public interest, a currently challenging topic for the environment, or another parameter.
When considering those guidelines, make ethical considerations. Your school or university is unlikely to permit unethical research.
- How to find research topics to write about
Even though there’s an endless range of topics to research, you might not know where to begin. Starting with background reading, mind mapping, and speaking with mentors can help mold general ideas into useful topics and questions.
Extensive reading: completing background reading of educational databases, journals, and scientific studies can help provide a good working knowledge of what is currently being researched and identify key gaps.
Social problems: current challenges on both a local and global scale can make excellent research questions. Whether it’s investigating climate change, human health, or the impact of pandemics, there’s likely to be large human interest if you research social problems and challenges. The research you conduct may even have a positive impact on the world around you.
Mind mapping: brainstorming different ideas inspired by your background reading and personal interests can lead to ideal research topics. Create a large mind map, whether in a notebook or on a whiteboard, to get all your ideas down on paper. You may be surprised at what unique ideas you come up with.
Speak to mentors: running topics over with your professor or mentor could prove very helpful. They may be able to help you refine your ideas, provide feedback on research questions, and offer useful suggestions to ensure the topic you pick is appropriate.
- The top 10 research topics for students
Here are some of the top 10 research topics and research areas for students. Whether in high school, senior high school, or college, these topics are important and relevant for students today.
You might use these ideas as starting points for your own original research topics and research questions.
1. High school research paper topic ideas
Research topics in high school can promote critical thinking , personal growth, and problem-solving skills.
Some of the most relevant research topics for high schoolers revolve around social and political issues, as those are often core topics within the school curriculum. Also, students are often interested in how they can positively impact the world around them, so topics within social change and social issues are particularly relevant.
The impacts of bullying
Bullying and its impacts are an interesting and relevant topic for high school students. Students may want to consider ways to mitigate bullying or explore whether bullying can affect people long-term.
Some specific research questions within the bullying topic are:
What is the evidence that parental support can alleviate the impact of bullying in schools?
What are the effects of bullying and victimization on short-term mental health?
How can we predict adolescents’ bullying participation and understand the participant roles of bullying in different grades?
Social media in high schools
With social media use prolific in the modern world, students may be particularly interested to learn about how it impacts humans. Students may want to research the effects of different social media types, ways to reduce social media use, or how social media is impacting people around the world.
Some topics within social media could be:
Is there a correlation between social media use and academic performance?
What are the effects of social media use on mental health in people aged 12–18?
How does social media use affect self-esteem in students?
2. Psychology research paper topics
Psychology is a broadly studied topic with many possible avenues for exploration. Whether you’d like to understand how the human brain works, ways to boost mental health, or treatment options in psychology, there are endless options.
Here are some of the top 10 research topics for college students in psychology:
Increasing happiness
Some specific research questions related to happiness include the following:
What are the factors driving the fear of leaning into happiness in American society?
How can practicing vulnerability reduce stress and boost happiness?
What impact does forest bathing have on overall mood scores?
Mitigating anxiety
With 37% of US adults more anxious in 2023 than in 2022, anxiety as a research topic is very relevant.
Below are some example research questions:
How does chronic anxiety impact people’s day-to-day lives?
What is the impact of meditation interventions on anxiety?
Is there data to support physical exercise interventions for anxiety disorders?
3. Science research paper topics
Scientific research covers many study fields. From biology and chemistry to physics and biochemistry, science helps researchers discover critical information about humans and our world.
Here are a few potential topics for exploration:
Reducing pandemic risk
Given the impact of COVID-19, mitigating the risk of a future pandemic is of significant human interest. A student may look at ways to improve pandemic responses, identify future pandemics, boost vaccine adoption, and reduce the spread of misinformation.
Specific research questions include the following:
How can AI help predict future pandemics?
How does animal breeding contribute to zoonotic disease risk?
What are the key ways to identify and control a potential future pandemic before it becomes widespread?
Renewable energy
With climate change and the planet’s health a major concern for many scientists, investigations into more environmentally friendly and renewable energy sources are of great social interest.
Here are some research questions about renewable energy to consider:
What is the economic feasibility of widespread renewable energy use across the US?
How could wind, water, and solar energy reduce global emissions?
What are the core factors preventing the widespread use of renewable energy?
4. Good environmental research topics
Climate change impacts every person on the planet, so it can make an excellent research topic. Particularly for the younger generation, climate change is an interesting and often concerning discussion topic. Gen Z, for example, speaks much more actively about climate change both on and offline.
Climate change on a global scale
Some specific research questions within the climate change topic are:
What is the impact of climate change on biodiversity in the Amazon rainforest?
What impact could the use of solar power have in the US in relation to carbon emissions?
How do carbon dioxide emissions affect ocean acidity levels?
5. Argumentative research paper topics
Setting out a specific argument and exploring the topic can make for interesting research. Argumentative research topics are typically related to human interest, issues that impact us on a global scale, or challenges that particular social groups face.
Affirmative action
With rising interest in equality, researching affirmative action—designed to prevent the impacts of discrimination—is a relevant research topic for high school and college students.
Some specific questions relating to affirmative action could be:
Does affirmative action promote equality in the workplace?
What is the evidence that affirmative action is helpful in university admissions?
How has the affirmative action ban impacted the tech industry?
The ethical use of AI
AI use is expanding rapidly across the globe, so there’s growing interest in its impacts and the need for ethical usage.
Some research questions relating to AI include the following:
Could AI lead to more global conflict?
Can ethical legislation reduce the risk of AI and its implementation?
How many jobs could be impacted by AI in 2025?
6. Human rights paper topics
Human rights impact everyone on the planet, so it’s a topic that’s of continual interest.
Research in this area could cover human rights in the workplace, privacy rights, gender equality, and much more.
International human rights
International human rights is a complex yet critical area of global interest. Human rights help protect people’s freedom and safety around the world.
What are ways to reduce human rights violations in conflict zones?
What is the impact of organizations such as Amnesty International on international human rights?
In what ways can governments enforce human rights globally?
LGBTQI+ rights
With LGBTQI+ issues gaining a brighter spotlight in mainstream media, research into this area can be very beneficial, not just for those impacted by discrimination but for society as a whole.
Here are some potential research questions:
How can gender dysphoria impact transgender and gender-diverse (TGD) adolescents’ mental health and quality of life?
What are ways to boost mental health for those who experience discrimination due to their sexual orientation or gender identity?
How could genderless bathrooms increase access and safety for LGBTQI+ people?
7. US history research paper topics
The US has a vast and interesting history, which forms part of the curriculum in many high schools and colleges. Different aspects of this history can make relevant fields of research, such as the following:
What factors that led to the abolishment of slavery in the US are relevant in politics today?
How did the Founding Fathers shape the US political system, and what can be learned?
Why did the Louisiana Purchase have such a significant impact on US history?
8. Law enforcement research topics
Maintaining law and order in society is highly complex. Exploring how law enforcement can benefit society as a whole can be a rewarding field of study.
Some possible law enforcement topics include the following:
How can data analysis and intelligence-led policing reduce crime?
What is the role of Crisis Intervention Training in policing?
How can data improve the enforcement of cybersecurity laws?
9. Business research paper topics
Business is a broad area of study with many possible directions for research papers. Business drives the economy, providing jobs and industry. It’s the cornerstone of society, so research in this area is always of social interest.
Here are some possible business research topics to consider:
How can data analysis impact consumer purchasing decisions?
What are some of the key dilemmas in ethical business practices?
How can diversity and inclusion be boosted in the workforce?
10. Economics research paper topics
Whether you choose to focus on microeconomics, macroeconomics, or applied fields, economics research can take you in many directions.
Below are some general economics paper topics:
What are the widespread impacts of the gig economy?
How can investing in female-founded businesses impact economies in developing countries?
How does progressive taxation impact income inequality?
It all starts with the right research question
Successful research starts with the right question, regardless of your chosen topic.
Taking time to pose a relevant and clear research question will help you discover new insights, learnings, and evidence.
Research is the very thing that drives human knowledge. Remember, your research might not just impact you but also the world and people around you.
How can I get research ideas?
To come up with research ideas, you might find it helpful to do some background reading, consider current social issues, lean into your skills and interests, and speak to a mentor or professor. Brainstorming and mind mapping can also help.
What is a good research question?
A good research question should be clear, relevant, original, and ethical. You should also have access to the necessary resources to perform the research thoroughly.
How do I create a title for my research topic?
The right title for a research topic is clear and relevant to your field of study. Ideally, it’s an original idea and refers to the specific question you’re posing.
What are some good qualitative research topics?
Qualitative research involves analyzing people’s attitudes, perceptions, and behaviors.
There are qualitative research topics across almost every field of study, including psychology, education, social sciences, human resources, technology, and healthcare.
What qualitative research topics can be good for STEM students?
For STEM (science, technology, engineering, and mathematics) students, qualitative research topics could revolve around social impacts and perceptions of science and technology.
Here are some examples:
How the general population views climate change
The potential social impacts of AI
How to use Big Data ethically
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28 Best Academic Search Engines That make your research easier
If you’re a researcher or scholar, you know that conducting effective online research is a critical part of your job. And if you’re like most people, you’re always on the lookout for new and better ways to do it.
This article aims to give you an edge over researchers that rely mainly on Google for their entire research process.
Table of Contents
#1. Google Scholar
Google Scholar is an academic search engine that indexes the full text or metadata of scholarly literature across an array of publishing formats and disciplines.
#2. ERIC (Education Resources Information Center)
ERIC (short for educational resources information center) is a great academic search engine that focuses on education-related literature. It is sponsored by the U.S. Department of Education and produced by the Institute of Education Sciences.
ERIC indexes over a million articles, reports, conference papers, and other resources on all aspects of education from early childhood to higher education. So, search results are more relevant to Education on ERIC.
ERIC is a free online database of education-related literature.
#3. Wolfram Alpha
Wolfram Alpha is a “computational knowledge engine” that can answer factual questions posed in natural language. It can be a useful search tool.
Wolfram Alpha can also be used to find academic articles. Just type in your keywords and Wolfram Alpha will generate a list of academic articles that match your query.
#4. iSEEK Education
iSEEK is a search engine targeting students, teachers, administrators, and caregiver. It’s designed to be safe with editor-reviewed content.
iSEEK Education is free to use.
#5. BASE (Bielefeld Academic Search Engine)
CORE is an academic search engine that focuses on open access research papers. A link to the full text PDF or complete text web page is supplied for each search result. It’s academic search engine dedicated to open access research papers.
You might also like:
#7. Science.gov
#8. semantic scholar, #9. refseek.
This is one of the free search engines that feels like Yahoo with a massive directory. It could be good when you are just looking for research ideas from unexpected angles. It could lead you to some other database that you might not know such as the CIA The World Factbook, which is a great reference tool.
#10. ResearchGate
A mixture of social networking site + forum + content databases where researchers can build their profile, share research papers, and interact with one another.
#11. DataONE Search (formerly CiteULike)
#12. dataelixir , #13. lazyscholar – browser extension, #14. citeseerx – digital library from penstate, #15. the lens – patents search , #16. fatcat – wiki for bibliographic catalog , #17. lexis web – legal database, #18. infotopia – part of the vlrc family, #19. virtual learning resources center, #21. worldwidescience.
Over 70 countries’ databases are used on the website. When a user enters a query, it contacts databases from all across the world and shows results in both English and translated journals and academic resources.
#22. Google Books
A user can browse thousands of books on Google Books, from popular titles to old titles, to find pages that include their search terms. You can look through pages, read online reviews, and find out where to buy a hard copy once you find the book you are interested in.
#23. DOAJ (Directory of Open Access Journals)
#24. baidu scholar, #25. pubmed central, #26. medline®.
MEDLINE® is a paid subscription database for life sciences and biomedicine that includes more than 28 million citations to journal articles. For finding reliable, carefully chosen health information, Medline Plus provides a powerful search tool and even a dictionary.
Defunct Academic Search Engines
#27. microsoft academic .
Microsoft Academic
#28. Scizzle
Final thoughts.
There are many academic search engines that can help researchers and scholars find the information they need. This list provides a variety of options, starting with more familiar engines and moving on to less well-known ones.
10 thoughts on “28 Best Academic Search Engines That make your research easier”
Thank you so much Joannah..I have found this information useful to me as librarian in an academic library
You are welcome! We are happy to hear that!
Thank You Team, for providing a comprehensive list of academic search engines that can help make research easier for students and scholars. The variety of search engines included offers a range of options for finding scholarly articles, journals, and other academic resources. The article also provides a brief summary of each search engine’s features, which helps in determining which one is the best fit for a specific research topic. Overall, this article is a valuable resource for anyone looking for a quick and easy way to access a wealth of academic information.
We appreciate your support and thank you for your kind words. We will continue to provide valuable resources for students and researchers in the future. Please let us know if you have any further questions or suggestions.
No more questions Thank You
I cannot thank you enough!!! thanks alot 🙂
Typography animation is a technique that combines text and motion to create visually engaging and dynamic animations. It involves animating individual letters, words, or phrases in various ways to convey a message, evoke emotions, or enhance the visual impact of a design or video. – Typography Animation Techniques Tools and Online Software {43}
Expontum – Helps researchers quickly find knowledge gaps and identify what research projects have been completed before. Expontum is free, open access, and available to all globally with no paid versions of the site. Automated processes scan research article information 24/7 so this website is constantly updating. By looking at over 35 million research publications (240 million by the end of 2023), the site has 146 million tagged research subjects and 122 million tagged research attributes. Learn more about methodology and sources on the Expontum About Page ( https://www.expontum.com/about.php )
Hey Ryan, I clicked and checked your site and thought it was very relevant to our reader. Thank you for sharing. And, we will be reviewing your site soon.
Sounds good! Thanks, Joannah!
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- Essay Editor
How to Write a Table of Contents for Research Paper: A Complete Guide
After hundreds of hours of non-stop working, the research essay is finished! Unfortunately, it is not the time to celebrate. That’s when you must get down to one of the least pleasant things in professional college or high school writing – a table of contents. The following article will define table of contents, discuss its purpose, and provide guidance on how to make a table of contents for a research paper.
What is a research paper table of contents?
Academic essays can be from 2–3 to hundreds pages long. They can contain a wide range of different studies, theoretical analyses, and practical examinations. They make up the substance of the study and assist you in showcasing the subject of your labor.
Since you are always required to cover many different aspects in your study, navigating the document quickly becomes top priority. This is why all expansive academic papers require a table of contents (also known as TOC).
This fragment of your paper is an overview of every topic explored in it. The TOC looks like an invisible table where cells house a chapter, segment, or simple section heading. Consequently, each title corresponds to a page index which is also indicated in the TOC. This indicator is located at the beginning of the document, preceding the introduction but following the title page.
Why do we need a table of contents in research paper?
Let’s break down the purpose of table of contents as well as its essential functions.
- Usability. By scanning TOC, readers can quickly find certain sections or chapters within the research.
- Structure. TOC helps the audience gain an immediate understanding of the subject matter and how the study has been organized and conducted.
- Professional presentation. It betters the professional appearance of the essay by reflecting your insightful planning as well as attention to detail.
- Clarity. A TOC makes sure to list all big chapters, sections, sub-sections, and supplements, which navigates the audience and sets their expectations for what the research covers.
Overall, the purpose of TOC is to improve the reader's experience by making the research more accessible and easier to navigate.
What guideline should you follow when preparing a table of contents?
In a nutshell, the way you organize, format and make a TOC is subject to the style guide required by your professor. Here is an exploration on how to prepare a TOC for different writing guides.
- Title. Per the MLA style, a table of contents is not obligatory. Nonetheless, if your professor requires it, this part must be called "Contents" or "Table of Contents" and lined up at the top center area of the page.
- Formatting. The MLA guide generally uses a simpler approach with fewer formalities regarding the TOC. Consult your professor’s requirements to see which kind of spacing and dot leaders rules you will need to apply.
- Page index. MLA format traditionally uses Arabic numerals in the main body, but any TOC is up to the discretion of the author or professor.
- Sections. The TOC should include all major parts of the essay like introduction, body sections, works cited, and appendices.
- Title. In the APA style, the TOC should be named "Table of Contents" and centered at the top.
- Headings. While compiling your APA table of contents, you must Include all major sections like abstract, foreword, method, conclusions, discussion, references, and supplements.
- Formatting. APA has stricter requirements for formatting rules. You should use double-spacing throughout the TOC, which is in line with the rest of the study and the general requirements of the APA guide. The font repeats the one used in the main text (e.g., Times New Roman, 12-point).
- Page index. Align page indexes along the right side of the page and use dot leaders to connect the headings to the page indexes.
Chicago style
- Title. The TOC should be called "Contents" and placed at the top center of the page.
- Formatting. The Chicago Manual suggests single-spacing within entries and double-spacing between entries. Fonts should be consistent with the rest of the document.
- Headings. Include all chapters or major parts and list subheadings if needed. Use dot leaders between entries and page indexes.
- Hierarchy. Always make sure to distinguish main headings from subheadings for better readability. This might be done through bold or italic formatting, and indentation for subheadings.
- Page indexes. Place page indexes flush with the right margin. It is permissible to use Roman numerals for introductory pages, but the central text should only contain Arabic numerals.
Leave your table of contents to Aithor!
Aithor is an AI essay generator that helps school and college students with academic writing. Instead of spending hours on making a table of contents for research paper, use Aithor and get what you need in a matter of seconds!
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Want to fight gender inequality? A review of data from 118 countries shows that development aid works
Professor of Economics, University of Minnesota Duluth
Disclosure statement
Bedassa Tadesse does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organisation that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment.
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Gender inequality isn’t just unfair — it’s also a drag on the world economy. Giving women the same economic opportunities as men would add about US$12 trillion to global gross domestic product by 2025, one analysis found. That’s an 11% boost.
The link between women’s empowerment and economic growth is well established. When women are economically empowered, they invest more in their families, creating a cycle of positive outcomes that spans generations . Women’s participation in the workforce leads to greater productivity and brings diverse perspectives that enhance decision-making and drive innovation .
Recognizing these benefits, governments and nongovernmental organizations have increasingly directed aid — funds provided to developing countries to foster economic growth — toward promoting women’s empowerment.
As an economist who studies development , I wanted to know: Does all that money really make a difference? So, in a recent study , my colleagues and I analyzed the impact of gender-related aid on gender inequality using data from 118 countries over a 13-year period, from 2009 to 2022.
What we found was uplifting: Gender-related aid reduced inequality in most countries we studied.
We looked at two types of gender-related aid. The first is funding for projects that tie gender into larger economic goals. Development experts call this “ significant gender-related aid .” There’s also aid funding that narrowly and explicitly targets gender equality. Experts call this “principal gender-related aid.”
We found that the first approach consistently and significantly reduced gender inequality in 115 out of 118 countries we studied. The latter approach had statistically significant effects in 85 countries. It also appeared to be much more effective when paired with the first approach.
Our findings strongly suggest that integrating gender-related aid into broader development efforts is crucial for promoting gender equality. Gender and development are intricately intertwined, a fact often overlooked. Recognizing this connection is crucial for achieving sustainable and inclusive growth.
Women’s empowerment success stories
That might all sound pretty abstract, but our research shows that the world has made progress in real people’s lives over the past decades. Cases from several countries show just how much progress is possible:
Rwanda: Following the 1994 genocide, Rwanda made a concerted effort to rebuild its society with gender equality at its core. Today, women hold 61% of parliamentary seats , the highest percentage in the world . This remarkable achievement is in part a direct result of gender-focused policies and significant investments in women’s political empowerment. Rwanda’s progress illustrates how political will and dedicated gender-related aid can transform a society .
Bangladesh: Despite traditional gender roles, Bangladesh has made significant strides in gender equality , particularly in education and economic participation . Through targeted programs like the Female Secondary School Stipend Program and microfinance initiatives by organizations like the Grameen Bank, Bangladesh has seen substantial improvements in girls’ education and women’s economic empowerment. These initiatives have contributed to a decline in gender disparities and have spurred economic growth.
Ethiopia: In recent decades, Ethiopia has invested heavily in education , particularly for girls. Programs aimed at increasing school enrollment and reducing dropout rates among girls have led to improved literacy rates and better health outcomes. These educational advancements have empowered women economically and socially, reducing gender inequality .
Despite progress made, these achievements aren’t set in stone. Instability can rapidly undo years of progress. Recent policy backsliding in Afghanistan , Brazil and the United States shows the need for vigilance.
Empowering women empowers men, too
Discussions about the importance of reducing gender inequality often revolve around the direct benefits to women and girls. But everyone, including men, stands to win in a more gender-equal society.
First, women’s economic empowerment leads to stronger economies , which benefits everyone. Research shows that gender equality promotes healthier relationships, reduces violence and fosters more cohesive and supportive communities . Similarly, workplaces prioritizing gender equality tend to have better team dynamics, higher employee satisfaction and increased productivity . These are gains for everyone, regardless of gender.
And gender equality has distinct benefits for men. This is because it alleviates the pressures associated with traditional masculinity , which can lead to better mental health. For example, in more gender-equal societies, men report being happier with life and less stressed and depressed .
This shows that the benefits of gender equality aren’t limited to women and girls; they extend to all members of society. Everyone has a stake in helping progress move along.
Research-backed best practices
Governments and aid professionals should follow five steps for success to safeguard the advances made in gender equality and continue progressing:
1. Keep the aid flowing: Continued financial and technical support for gender equality initiatives is vital. Our research suggests policymakers should focus on integrating gender considerations into all development projects.
2. Engage everyone: Involving men and boys in gender equality efforts helps to challenge and change harmful gender norms, fostering a more inclusive society.
3. Tailor strategies: Although aid has an effect across the board, gender equality initiatives must consider each country’s unique sociopolitical and cultural contexts. Tailoring strategies to fit these contexts ensures that interventions are relevant and practical .
4. Strengthen institutions: Effective institutions and governance are crucial for successfully implementing and sustaining gender equality initiatives. Efforts to improve governance and reduce corruption will enhance the impact of aid
5. Promote education: Schools are a powerful tool for promoting gender equality. Investing in educational programs that empower women and girls and raise awareness about gender issues is essential for long-term change .
Gender equality is a cornerstone of a just and prosperous society. The benefits of empowering women extend far beyond the immediate recipients of gender-related aid, fostering economic growth, political stability and social cohesion. Our research shows that efforts to empower women really do pay off — literally and otherwise.
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I want a research paper on the topic the role of technology on literacy skills or any related research.
Get help with your research
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- Database Search - Check academic databases, such as here on ResearchGate, Google Scholar, JSTOR, Web of Science, African Journals Online, or PubMed, for research by Malawian scholars on technology and literacy skills.
- Local Institutions - Explore publications on educational technology from Malawian universities or research centers. For example, University of Malawi or Malawi University of Science and Technology
- Networking - Contact Malawian academic networks or educational technology organizations for recommendations on relevant studies.
- Literacy competences : Literacy skills are critical in the modern digital age, and the concept of literacy has evolved to include digital skills such as information literacy and digital literacy.
- Theoretical background : The research extends the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) by including digital literacy and information literacy as key predictors of the intention to use digital technologies for teaching and learning purposes.
- Hypotheses : The study proposes several hypotheses, including the direct effect of information literacy and digital literacy on intention to use digital technology, as well as their positive effects on performance expectancy and effort expectancy.
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HBR’s Most-Read Articles of 2024 (So Far)
- Kelsey Hansen
The five stories that have resonated most with our readers this year.
HBR’s top five most popular articles of 2024 (so far), present an opportunity to reflect on the work you’ve done in the preceding months, and chart any necessary course changes. The list includes a case study of how Starbucks lost its way (and how it could pivot); a guide to how to shift your leadership style based on situation; and a playbook for assessing the quality of the questions you ask at work.
The waning days of summer present a prime opportunity to step back and reflect on the paths you’ve taken so far this year, whether they’re personal or professional, and ask yourself: Am I growing in the right direction? What are my blind spots? Where could I be doing better?
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Collection 12 March 2023
Top 100 in Chemistry - 2022
This collection highlights our most downloaded* chemistry research papers published in 2022. Featuring authors from around the world, these papers highlight valuable research from an international community.
You can also view the top papers across various subject areas here .
*Data obtained from SN Insights, which is based on Digital Science’s Dimensions.
Comparison of bacterial filtration efficiency vs. particle filtration efficiency to assess the performance of non-medical face masks
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- Yoann Montigaud
- Jérémie Pourchez
Black pepper and tarragon essential oils suppress the lipolytic potential and the type II secretion system of P. psychrophila KM02
- Natalia Tomaś
- Kamila Myszka
- Łukasz Wolko
GC–MS and molecular docking analyses of phytochemicals from the underutilized plant, Parkia timoriana revealed candidate anti-cancerous and anti-inflammatory agents
- Laldinfeli Ralte
- Laldinliana Khiangte
- Y. Tunginba Singh
A highly accurate metadynamics-based Dissociation Free Energy method to calculate protein–protein and protein–ligand binding potencies
- Alexey Ishchenko
- David Langley
Application of texture analysis methods for the characterization of cultured meat
- Jacobo Paredes
- Diego Cortizo-Lacalle
- Mercedes Vila
Anticancer, antioxidant, antiviral and antimicrobial activities of Kei Apple ( Dovyalis caffra ) fruit
- Husam Qanash
- Reham Yahya
- Abdelghany T. M.
Evaluation of the anti-SARS-CoV-2 properties of essential oils and aromatic extracts
- Daniel Jan Strub
- Michał Talma
- Marcin Drąg
Affinity2Vec: drug-target binding affinity prediction through representation learning, graph mining, and machine learning
- Maha A. Thafar
- Mona Alshahrani
Heat inactivation of clinical COVID-19 samples on an industrial scale for low risk and efficient high-throughput qRT-PCR diagnostic testing
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Green synthesis of bimetallic Ag/ZnO@Biohar nanocomposite for photocatalytic degradation of tetracycline, antibacterial and antioxidant activities
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Demonstration of static electricity induced luminescence
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3 September 2024 Applied Sciences | Top 10 Cited Papers in 2023 in the Section “Electrical, Electronics and Communications Engineering”
“Artificial Neural Networks for Navigation Systems: A Review of Recent Research” by Dah-Jing Jwo, Amita Biswal and Ilayat Ali Mir Appl. Sci. 2023 , 13 (7), 4475; https://doi.org/10.3390/app13074475 Available online: https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/13/7/4475
“Artificial Intelligence Applications in Electric Distribution Systems: Post-Pandemic Progress and Prospect” by Sungjoo Chung and Ying Zhang Appl. Sci. 2023 , 13 (12), 6937; https://doi.org/10.3390/app13126937 Available online: https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/13/12/6937
“A Comprehensive Review and Analysis of Nanosensors for Structural Health Monitoring in Bridge Maintenance: Innovations, Challenges, and Future Perspectives” by Daguang Han, Haidar Hosamo, Chunli Ying and Ruimin Nie Appl. Sci. 2023 , 13 (20), 11149; https://doi.org/10.3390/app132011149 Available online: https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/13/20/11149
“Comprehensive Evaluations of NLOS and Linearization Errors on UWB Positioning” by Yan Li, Zhouzheng Gao, Qiaozhuang Xu and Cheng Yang Appl. Sci. 2023 , 13 (10), 6187; https://doi.org/10.3390/app13106187 Available online: https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/13/10/6187
“Multi-Attribute Machine Learning Model for Electrical Motors Performance Prediction” by Maria Raluca Raia, Sebastian Ciceo, Fabien Chauvicourt and Claudia Martis Appl. Sci. 2023 , 13 (3), 1395; https://doi.org/10.3390/app13031395 Available online: https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/13/3/1395
“A Declarative Application Framework for Evaluating Advanced V2X-Based ADAS Solutions” by András Wippelhauser, András Edelmayer and László Bokor Appl. Sci. 2023 , 13 (3), 1392; https://doi.org/10.3390/app13031392 Available online: https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/13/3/1392
“Polarization Effect on the Performance of On-Chip Wireless Optical Point-to-Point Links” by Giovanna Calò, Gaetano Bellanca, Franco Fuschini, Marina Barbiroli, Velio Tralli and Vincenzo Petruzzelli Appl. Sci. 2023 , 13 (5), 3062; https://doi.org/10.3390/app13053062 Available online: https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/13/5/3062
“Interacting Multiple Model Filter with a Maximum Correntropy Criterion for GPS Navigation Processing” by Dah-Jing Jwo, Jen-Hsien Lai and Yi Chang Appl. Sci. 2023 , 13 (3), 1782; https://doi.org/10.3390/app13031782 Available online: https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/13/3/1782
“Optimising a Biogas and Photovoltaic Hybrid System for Sustainable Power Supply in Rural Areas” by Carlos Roldán-Porta, Carlos Roldán-Blay, Daniel Dasí-Crespo and Guillermo Escrivá-Escrivá Appl. Sci. 2023 , 13 (4), 2155; https://doi.org/10.3390/app13042155 Available online: https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/13/4/2155
“Combined Use of LoRaWAN Medium Access Control Protocols for IoT Applications” by Luca Leonardi, Lucia Lo Bello, Gaetano Patti, Alessio Pirri and Mattia Pirri Appl. Sci. 2023 , 13 (4), 2341; https://doi.org/10.3390/app13042341 Available online: https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/13/4/2341
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