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What Jobs Can You Get With A Criminology Degree - A New Scientist Careers Guide

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Criminology is the study of crime. The expertise acquired through completing a degree in criminology is applicable to many jobs.

Criminology degrees, typically BA Hons criminology, combine several disciplines – for example, sociology, politics, psychology , history and law – to give students an understanding of criminal behaviour, victimisation and criminal justice systems, and to equip them with transferable skills such as evaluating evidence, critical thinking, problem-solving and making reasoned arguments.

Students gain theoretical knowledge of crime and criminal justice and then apply this to contemporary problems such as cybercrime, drug trafficking and terrorism. They also learn criminology research methods and acquire research skills . Learning is via a mix of lectures, seminars and independent study and is often mainly assessed through coursework, for example, writing essays.e

According to The Guardian , the best universities for criminology in the UK are University College London, Staffordshire University, Durham University, the University of Bolton and the University of Bath.

Jobs for criminology graduates are diverse. They may be employed by, for example, governments, the police, prison services, security services and charities working with young offenders or crime victims. If you are wondering “what can I do with a criminology degree?”, this article outlines some of the many career paths  open to criminology graduates.

Police officer

Police officers work to keep people and communities safe by enforcing law, protecting people and property, preventing crime and antisocial behaviour, and investigating crime to ensure successful prosecutions against perpetrators. This job is all about crime prevention and public safety.

Routine duties include: responding to calls for help from the public; patrolling areas to deter and detect crime; upholding peace at large events; interviewing victims, suspects and witnesses of crime; arresting suspects; and giving evidence in court. Police officers also advise the public about keeping safe. Understanding criminal behav iour, crime patterns and criminal justice systems is essential for police officers. This knowledge – as well as skills in evaluating and effectively using evidence to back up reasoning – can be acquired through completing a degree in criminology.

The two-year Degree Holder Entry Programme, which combines work-based training with additional learning focusing on a specialist area such as intelligence , community or roads, is an option for criminology graduates looking to enter policing.

Police officers earn between £19,000 and £41,000 per year in the UK. There are opportunities for promotion through the ranks by gaining experience and passing examinations and for specialisation, for example, criminal investigation department (CID), firearms and dog-handling.

Crime scene investigator (CSI)

Crime scene investigators collect forensic and photographic evidence from crime scenes and process this evidence for use in criminal investigations. Examples of evidence include fingerprints, weapons, clothing, tissue samples, and photos and videos of the crime scene. Crime scene investigators are also responsible for preventing contamination of crime scenes, preparing reports and giving evidence in court. This job is all about using science and data to solve crimes.

A degree in criminology, or a degree that combines criminology and another discipline such as forensic science , is beneficial in applying for crime scene investigator jobs. This is because crime scene investigators need to be able to identify, record and catalogue evidence and guide its use in criminal investigations. These skills can be developed by studying criminology.

Crime scene investigators earn between £16,000 and £37,000 per year in the UK. There are opportunities to progress to leadership roles within crime scene investigation teams.

Prison officer

Prison officers are responsible for the custody and welfare of people in prison and for smooth operations within prisons. They supervise prisoners’ movements within prisons and on external visits to courts and appointments; conduct security checks on prisoners, visitors and staff; and maintain order, using authorised physical restraint if necessary.

A criminology degree is beneficial for prison officers as it equips them with an understanding of public safety and security, court procedures and government regulations. They also need to have an insight into criminal and antisocial behaviour.

Prison officers earn between £30,000 and £38,000 per year in the UK. With experience and further training, they can specialise in, for example, rehabilitation work or progress to senior and managerial roles .

Police detective

Police detectives oversee criminal investigations. These are complex cases relating too, for example, child protection, drugs, homicide, robbery or terrorism.

Routine duties include: analysing records and documents ; interviewing victims, suspects and witnesses of crime; conducting raids and searches; and monitoring and arresting suspects. Although being a police detective is physically and mentally demanding, solving crimes and bringing criminals to justice is a rewarding job.

A degree in criminology is useful for aspiring police detectives, as understanding how criminals think and why they do what they do is essential to this job. Graduates with at least a 2:2 honours degree are eligible for the two-year Police Now National Detectives Programme, which combines classroom and field training in managing serious and complex crime.

Police detectives earn between £26,000 and £91,000 per year in the UK, depending on rank. This is among the highest paying jobs with a criminology degree.

There are opportunities to undertake training to work in specialist departments, for example, CID, which deals with incidents such as suspicious deaths, serious assaults and major property theft. Other specialist departments are firearms squad, which responds to firearms-related incidents, and Special Branch, which handles threats to national security.  

Probation officer

Probation officers work with people serving community and prison sentences to help them to stay away from crime.

Day-to-day responsibilities include: interviewing offenders before parole to aid prison and parole decisions; ensuring offenders’ attendance at supervision appointments and rehabilitation programmes; encouraging changes in offenders’ attitudes and behaviours ; helping recent offenders to access work, housing and health services; and enforcing conditions of community orders.

Probation officers work to reduce reoffending by collaborating with offenders, victims, police and prison service staff, and voluntary agencies. By facilitating better choices, they make a real difference to people’s lives.

Probation officers need to understand why people commit crimes and how to help them stop. They also need to have excellent communication skills. Therefore, a degree in criminology is very useful.

Trainees also complete a Professional Qualification in Probation, which combines work and study, to become fully qualified probation officers. The length of this training may be shorter for degree holders who have studied criminology.  

Probation officers earn between £24,000 and £40,000 per year in the UK. There are opportunities for progression to senior roles.

Criminologist

Criminologists, also known as social science researchers, study the reasons that people commit crimes, with the aim of helping to prevent crime.

Criminologists analyse qualitative and quantitative data to identify crime patterns and how these are affected by rehabilitation programmes. This work informs policy-makers in the policing and criminal justice systems.

Some criminologists work in academia and are employed by higher education institutions. They design and conduct social science experiments and also teach students.

Other criminologists are employed by the police, local authorities or intelligence agencies such as MI5 and MI6, or work on a consultancy basis. They interpret studies and analyse real-world data to guide criminal investigations, for example, by identifying whether a series of crimes are related or by doing criminal profiling.

Criminologists also advise on social policies aimed at reducing criminal activity, for example, the design of public spaces.

A degree in criminology is the first step in the path to becoming a criminologist as it provides foundational knowledge of concepts within the field as well as some research experience . It also equips people with skills such as communication, attention to detail and data analysis, which are critical for this job.

Criminologists earn between £23,000 and £36,000 per year in the UK. Postgraduate qualifications in criminology are typically required to work in academia. With experience, criminologists can progress to senior policy adviser roles within local or national governments or the police, or senior teaching roles at universities. Joining the British Society of Criminology is a good way to network within this field.

From academic work as criminologists to hands-on work as crime scene investigators, many exciting criminology graduate jobs are on offer. Studying this course equips graduates with many valued skills, particularly critical thinking and effective use of evidence. These skills are useful in many career pathways.  

• Prospects: Criminology – available from: https://www.prospects.ac.uk/careers-advice/what-can-i-do-with-my-degree/criminology
• The Guardian: Best UK universities for criminology – available from: https://www.theguardian.com/education/ng-interactive/2023/sep/09/best-uk-universities-for-criminology-league-table
• FutureLearn: Jobs with a criminology degree – available from: https://www.futurelearn.com/info/blog/10-jobs-you-can-do-with-a-criminology-degree
• National Careers Service: Police officer – available from: https://nationalcareers.service.gov.uk/job-profiles/police-officer
• Prospects: Police officer – available from: https://www.prospects.ac.uk/job-profiles/police-officer 
• National Careers Service: Scenes of crime officer – available from: https://nationalcareers.service.gov.uk/job-profiles/scenes-of-crime-officer
• Prospects: Crime scene investigator – available from: https://www.prospects.ac.uk/job-profiles/crime-scene-investigator
• National Careers Service: Prison officer – available from: https://nationalcareers.service.gov.uk/job-profiles/prison-officer
• Prospects: Prison officer – available from: https://www.prospects.ac.uk/job-profiles/prison-officer
• National Careers Service: Probation officer – available from: https://nationalcareers.service.gov.uk/job-profiles/probation-officer
• Prospects: Probation officer – available from: https://www.prospects.ac.uk/job-profiles/probation-officer
• National Careers Service: Criminologist – available from: https://nationalcareers.service.gov.uk/job-profiles/criminologist  

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What Can I Do With a Criminology or Criminal Justice PhD?

Criminal justice is one of the most challenging and rewarding occupations, dedicated to keeping people safe and society running fairly. Like any other field, though, climbing the highest rungs of the job ladder can be difficult. While it takes experience and dedication to get into leadership roles, it also takes education and credentials. But whether they’re in teaching or administration, cybersecurity or Homeland Security, you won’t hear anyone regretting the work it took to get a PhD in Criminal Justice.

What Kind of Criminal Justice Doctorate Should I Get?

There are a lot of choices out there for the highest degree in the criminal justice field, depending on your career goals and your preferred specialization. Finding the right one for your needs means asking yourself some questions.

Do you want to:

Work in Teaching or Research? Then you want a PhD in Criminal Justice or Criminology. The PhD focuses heavily on theory, research, and writing, and a career teaching or doing research in academia, government, or the private sector, is the expected career path.

Work Directly in the Field? A Doctor of Science degree is focused on getting students to the highest level of technical expertise. Areas might include cybersecurity, forensics, criminology, or other highly technical criminal justice fields. A DSci can also qualify you to teach.

Work as an Administrator or Leader? A Doctor of Professional Studies is a professional degree (rather than an academic degree) usually focused on combining technical expertise with administrative and managerial leadership qualities.

Online PhD criminal justice programs have become much more common in the last decade, even at the doctoral level, particularly because in most cases people do not realize they want or need a doctoral degree until they’ve already been working in the field. After all, you don’t invest the time and energy into getting a doctorate if you’re not sure you want to work in criminal justice.

However, by the time you get to that point, you’ve also invested a lot into your job and can’t take the risk of leaving your position to go back to school full-time. You have bills to pay, after all. Colleges and universities know that, with a fully online or hybrid doctoral program, they can get more working professionals the education they need to get to the next step. Often, online programs are more affordable than traditional residential or on-campus programs as well.

What Career Paths are Open to a PhD in Criminal Justice?

Criminal justice is one of the most varied, diverse occupational fields, but we would narrow things down to five main career paths.

Academic Careers

A PhD in Criminal Justice or Doctor of Criminal Justice degree qualifies graduates to teach criminology and criminal justice at the college level, probably the most common reason to earn a doctorate. Criminal justice, criminology, and security are some of the fastest-growing fields, and that means universities and colleges are scrambling to start criminal justice programs, or expand their current programs to meet student demand. With more need for criminal justice professors, there is more opportunity for PhD criminal justice experts to take on teaching positions.

Criminal justice and criminology research is also increasing, not only in academic settings, but in partnerships between academia and private industry or government. Criminal justice PhD programs concentrate on research, and in most cases, the final part of a PhD program is a dissertation or original, in-the-field research project, so graduates are well prepared for professional roles doing research for any of these companies or agencies. Researchers in criminology and criminal justice may work in areas ranging from psychology to forensics, such as developing profiling tools, computer programs, or even methods of analyzing DNA for criminal investigation.

• Professor/Instructor
• Administrator (Department Chair, Dean, Chancellor)
• Writer (Textbooks, Criminal Justice Theory

Law Enforcement

Obviously, law enforcement is an evergreen career path – there is always a need for more police officers, investigators, and administrators to keep communities safe. A PhD in Criminal Justice, depending on the specialization or concentration, can give graduates the expertise to move into administrative roles in law enforcement; it’s one of the major reasons working professionals in the criminal justice field go back to school. A criminal justice PhD program will include courses in public policy, law, and government, giving future administrators the foundation for leadership in police departments and local government.

Other concentrations can prepare students for more investigative jobs, like forensics and criminal investigator or detective. With technology improving and expanding all the time, the BLS reports that, forensics is one of the fastest-growing sectors in law enforcement, and despite the excitement, there are still not enough well-trained, experienced forensics experts to fill the need. Criminal investigators, on the other hand, are some of the highest-paid and most respected members of the law enforcement community, and the in-depth experience and knowledge a criminal justice doctorate provides can help law enforcement professionals make that leap.

• Detective/Investigator
• Forensics Investigator
• Forensics Analyst (Cybersecurity, Laboratory Chief)
• Administration/Management

Federal and State Agencies and Government

The terrorist attacks on 9/11 started a boom in federal and state security agencies that has not slowed down in a decade and a half. Federal agencies like the Department of Homeland Security, the National Security Agency, the FBI, and even the IRS and Secret Service are always recruiting graduates and professionals with technical and analytical skills. Criminal Justice PhD programs can prepare professionals for a variety of career roles within government agencies, including policy analysis, forensics, investigation, management, and administration.

There’s no shortage of opportunities at the state level either. Every state has its own bureau of criminal investigation, revenue department, prisons and jails, and other agencies and organizations where a PhD in criminal justice could qualify you for leadership. While many state and local-level administrative positions in criminal justice are elected or appointed (such as attorney general in the federal or state department of justice), most middle-level positions are hired, so a PhD in criminal justice could be a stepping stone. And if you want to go into politics, having some real expertise wouldn’t hurt – although it’s by no means essential.

• Fraud Investigator
• Secret Service Agent
• Cybersecurity Analyst
• Policy Analyst

Private Security

If “private security” brings to mind a mall cop zipping around on a Segway, or a burly bodyguard pushing paparazzi away from a Hollywood star, think bigger. According to Forbes , worldwide, private security workers far outnumber official police forces, and the private security industry in the US is worth more than $200 billion. There are a lot of reasons for the growth of the private security industry, but one major driver is government contracting. It’s become increasingly common for the government to contract with private industry to meet security needs; private industry can often work more efficiently than government bureaucracy. It can also be cheaper for the government. From the War on Terror to security in national parks, the trend is toward privatization.

The bulk of private security growth, however, is due to the increasing demand for cybersecurity; as more and more of business is conducted online, there is a growing need to protect information and money from hackers. Cybersecurity analysts and technicians are plentiful, but still not up to job market demand (the BLS indicates a 28% growth in cybersecurity analysts, and current median income is well over $90,000 annually). But the supply of expert professionals to handle the administration of complex cybersecurity operations is definitely insufficient – and a perfect opportunity for professionals to earn a PhD or Doctor of Criminal Justice and step into the gap.

• Database Administrator
• Threat Assessment

It’s become a running joke that any time you see “consultant” on LinkedIn, it’s code for “unemployed.” And it’s probably true that “consultant” may be overused and abused by job-seekers trying to cover up their bad luck, but self-employed does not mean unemployed. In fact, for a professional with an entrepreneurial streak (and the guts to take some risks), consulting can be a rewarding experience. In the criminal justice and security sector, consultants are in high demand; every agency, no matter how large, at some point finds the need to hire outside expertise, whether it’s because they need someone with a niche specialization, or someone with experience that no one in the agency has.

There is no simple way to go into a consulting career; you’ll have to work in the field first. But if you have experience in the criminal justice field, earning your PhD or Doctor of Criminal Justice can give you the credentials to strike out on your own with your clients’ trust. A few qualities help:

• some area of expertise not many people have
• extensive experience in an in-demand area
• confidence and strong PR skills
• connections within the industry (ie. previous colleagues)

You may find yourself consulting for:

• private security firms
• government agencies (federal and state)
• local municipalities
• local police departments
• nonprofit organizations (such as substance abuse, social services, juvenile delinquency, etc)

It won’t be easy, and it won’t be quick, but a doctoral degree in criminal justice may be the most important 3-5 year of your professional life. A doctorate shows dedication, knowledge, and smarts, but above all, earning a PhD in criminal justice gives you the tools the make the most of your criminal justice career.

Embrace the convenience of online learning and shape your own path to success.

Explore schools offering programs and courses tailored to your interests, and start your learning journey today.

What Can You Do With a Criminology Degree?

Criminology degrees can lead to careers ranging from paralegals and police officers to forensic psychologists.

What to Do With a Criminology Degree

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Criminology focuses on "the study of the offender" and why criminals act the way they do.

Many law-abiding people who have no desire to commit crimes themselves are nevertheless fascinated by the psychology and behavior of criminals. Someone who is obsessed with crime fiction or true-crime stories may want to consider a degree in criminology.

What Criminology Is and Why Someone Might Study It

Criminology is a social science that focuses on understanding where, how and why crime happens, and what policies will discourage potential criminals from hurting others. It is the study of crime's causes and effects, how to prevent it, who does it, why people participate in criminal activity and what makes someone vulnerable to becoming a crime victim.

Many academic disciplines are closely related to criminology, such as psychology , anthropology and political science .

Research in criminology often explores questions surrounding what should be done after a crime occurs, so scholars in this discipline often debate what types of criminal punishments are most appropriate. Criminologists discuss how crime victims and their families should be treated, how the hurt of victimized individuals can be properly accounted for and redressed by criminal laws, and the proper balance between justice and mercy.

Criminology sometimes involves discussion of how to redirect people who may be tempted to commit crime, and it includes research about which rehabilitation strategies may work best with prisoners and paroled individuals.

For some who pursue a degree in criminology, interest in the field is driven by curiosity about the criminal justice system and a desire to make it better. Prospective criminology students may also want to learn about the mentality of criminals so that they can use the insight to deal with crime empathetically and appropriately.

Austin Handle, a former police officer who has a bachelor's degree in criminology, says the lessons he learned from his degree helped him convey compassion during conversations with members of the Georgia community where he served as a law enforcement officer by "just talking to people in a way that shows that the system may be black and white but that we do care about their story."

Handle – who Whistleblower News Network identified as a "Whistleblower of the Week" in early September because of his public comments on a scandal at his former police department – says a criminology degree provides a big-picture perspective on the criminal justice system, which can inform policy choices.

"It helps us identify issues in the system and how we can fix that going forward," says Handle, the founder of Apollo A.I., a Georgia-based technology company that provides tools that can be used by first responders. It recently won a national prize from the U.S. Department of Commerce's National Institute of Standards and Technology.

Handle notes that the study of criminology illuminates why police misconduct occurs and how to mitigate it. He says that knowledge of criminology can clarify why and how rogue police officers might violate their police department's policies. Handle adds that principles of criminology could also be used by corporate executives and business managers who are trying to understand rule-breaking by employees.

Criminology vs. Criminal Justice: What's the Difference?

Experts say that although criminology degrees are somewhat similar to criminal justice degrees, there are some differences.

Handle explains that while criminal justice tends to focus on law, criminal procedure and criminal statistics, criminology is typically more focused on "the study of the offender" and why criminals act the way they do.

He says that questions about why reality looks a certain way are pivotal in criminology, since the field clarifies which factors most increase the probability of criminal activity.

Texas-based attorney Joseph Hoelscher, who specializes in criminal defense and child welfare law , explains that criminology tends to be more theoretical while criminal justice is application-oriented.

"Criminology is more abstract, creating greater depth of theoretical knowledge and may help graduates be more flexible in adapting to the jurisdiction in which they are hired," Hoelscher, who is on the Texas Criminal Defense Lawyers Association board of directors, wrote in an email. "Applied knowledge doesn't travel as well because every jurisdiction will have different ways of doing things. Really, there's a lot of overlap but criminology should be where anyone who intends to progress to higher degrees should start."

There are a wide range of degrees in criminology, including associate, bachelor's, master's and doctoral degrees. Doctorates in the field are designed for future researchers, and a master's can accelerate someone's path to management. While an associate degree may be sufficient for some criminal justice jobs, many jobs in this sector require a bachelor's.

Criminology-Related Jobs

Because an understanding of how and why crime occurs is useful in many contexts, a criminology degree is helpful in various jobs, including:

• Criminal defense attorney.
• Criminal investigator.
• Criminal profiler.
• Criminal prosecutor.
• Criminologist.
• Criminology professor or researcher.
• City administrator.
• Correctional officer.
• Field investigator.
• Fire inspector.
• Forensic psychologist.
• Investigative reporter.
• Investigative analyst.
• Internal affairs investigator.
• Police officer.
• Loss prevention specialist.
• Manager of an investigations unit.
• Parole officer.
• Policy analyst.
• Private investigator.
• Social worker.

"One of the most overlooked placement areas for criminology graduates is within insurance companies," Stacey Giulianti, chief legal officer and corporate secretary with Florida Peninsula Holdings, wrote in an email.

"Every state requires insurance companies to maintain and staff special investigative units, better known as the SIU Department," adds Giulianti, whose company has two subsidiary insurance companies.

Giulianti explained in a phone interview that because insurance fraud amounts to billions of dollars annually, there is enormous demand for criminology degree holders within the insurance industry. He notes that regardless of what a criminology degree recipient does, whether in the public or private sector, there is generally a component of public service.

"They're providing their insights to provide action plans to stop crime," he says.

Salaries and Career Outlook in Criminology Fields

Since criminology grads have a wide array of career options, the route taken will affect earning potential.

According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, the median annual wage among U.S. police and detectives, for example, was $65,170 in May 2019. Employment in those jobs is projected to grow 5% by 2029, according to the bureau.

How to Decide if a Criminology Degree Is Worth Pursuing

Hoelscher says criminology degrees don't typically lead to astronomical salaries, so people who pursue a degree in the field generally view it as a personal calling rather than a way to make big money.

"People rarely become wealthy working in criminal justice, so the ones that last have a connection to the work itself," he says. Criminology degree recipients who become expert witnesses may be generously compensated, but those jobs are very hard to obtain, he adds.

Salaries vary depending on where a criminology grad works, according to Hoelscher. "Income varies by jurisdiction because government pay sets the floor for private sector wages."

Hoelscher notes that a desire to serve others is necessary to flourish in any position that relates to criminology or the criminal justice system.

"Don't get into criminal justice unless you want to help the people you are working with," he says. "They can be frustrating, but they deserve to be treated with as much respect as anyone."

Searching for a grad school? Access our complete rankings of Best Graduate Schools.

Grad Degree Jobs With $100K+ Salaries

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Academic Catalog 2023-2024

Criminology and justice policy, phd.

The doctoral program in criminology and justice policy at the School of Criminology and Criminal Justice at Northeastern University seeks to prepare students for professional and research careers in criminal justice, criminology, and related fields by applying multidisciplinary and comparative social science to understand, predict, and explain crime and contribute to the development of public policy within urban communities. Using an active-learning approach, the school seeks to develop its students intellectually and ethically, while providing them with a keen appreciation for the complexities of crime and public and private efforts to make communities safer and to ensure justice. 

The program is full time and is small and student centered. Students may enter the program with either a bachelor's degree or a master's degree. It is expected that students will be able to complete the program in four to five years, and students entering with a master's degree will be able to complete the program in three to five years.

Year one in the doctoral program offers students an opportunity to obtain a broad foundational knowledge in the discipline: one semester on theories of criminal justice process, two semesters of criminological theory, two semesters of statistics, and one semester of advanced research methods. To ensure that all students have mastered the foundational material emphasized across the required courses for the PhD program and can successfully integrate theory, research, and policy, all PhD students take a “foundations” qualifying examination at the end of their first year in the doctoral program.  

After demonstrating mastery of the foundational knowledge in year one, students devote themselves to a more specific area of research in years two and three. Students demonstrate this commitment through the second and third qualifying examinations: an area exam and a publishable paper.

Following successful completion of the three qualifying examinations, and required and elective course work, the students proceed to a formal dissertation proposal defense.

Doctoral Degree Candidacy

A student achieves candidacy when they have successfully completed all course work (54 semester hours for students entering with a bachelor's degree or 42 semester hours for students entering with advanced standing), passed all three qualifying examinations, and deposited the final version of their dissertation proposal (approved by their full committee) with the school’s graduate program office. Candidacy is certified, in writing, by the college.

Bachelor's Degree Entrance

Complete all courses and requirements listed below unless otherwise indicated.

Annual review Three qualifying examinations—foundations exam, area exam, and publishable paper Dissertation committee Dissertation proposal PhD candidacy Dissertation defense

Core Requirements

Dissertation, program credit/gpa requirements.

54 total semester hours required Minimum 3.500 GPA required

Advanced Degree Entrance

Annual review Three qualifying examinations—foundations exam, area exam, and publishable paper Dissertation committee Dissertation proposal Candidacy achieved Dissertation defense

42 total semester hours required Minimum 3.500 GPA required

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Doctor of Philosophy in Criminology

Program description.

The PhD in Criminology degree program is an interdisciplinary, research-oriented degree offered in the School of Economic, Political and Policy Sciences at UT Dallas. The objective of the PhD program is to provide students a coherent, yet intellectually challenging degree that adequately prepares them to conduct research among the many aspects of criminology and criminal justice, varying with individual interests and areas of specialty. Graduates of the PhD program will be qualified to teach at the university level as professors. Graduates will also be competent to enter into analytic and administrative posts within the vast array of research and policy institutions, criminal justice organizations, and in the private sector.

Career Opportunities

Graduates of the program seek positions such as: academics and teaching; criminologist, policy advisor or research officer in state and federal justice agencies; analytical and administrative positions in international and domestic research and policy institutions; and positions in legal and corrections systems and non-profits and private consulting.

Marketable Skills

Review the marketable skills for this academic program.

Application Requirements

Degree requirements: The PhD in Criminology seeks applicants from a baccalaureate in criminology, sociology or a relevant discipline.

GPA: A score of 3.5 is preferred.

Test score required: Yes

A combined verbal and quantitative score of 300 on the GRE is preferred.

Letters of recommendation: 3

Applicants must submit three letters of recommendation from individuals who can judge the candidate’s probability of success in graduate school. Use the electronic request form in the graduate application to submit the letters. Contact the graduate academic program department if you have any questions.

Admissions essay required: Yes

A one-page essay outlining personal background, education, and professional objectives.

Deadlines: To be considered for funding opportunities, applications must be submitted in full by January 15. Students can apply as late as May 1, per University policy, but they will likely not be considered for funding opportunities. Students should note their desire to be considered for graduate funding in their letter of intent at the time of application.

About the School of Economic, Political and Policy Sciences

Every new generation inherits a world more complex than that of its predecessors, which prompts a need for new thinking about public policies that impact people’s daily lives. In the School of Economic, Political and Policy Sciences (EPPS), we examine the implications of innovation and change for individuals and communities. The social sciences are where the world turns to for answers to the important issues of today and the future such as education and health policy, financial crises, globalization, policing, political polarization, public management, terrorism, and the application of geographical information sciences to study social, economic and environmental issues.

As an undergraduate in EPPS, you will have the opportunity to work with professors who are probing issues that will affect your future. You will develop the vital skills you need to thrive in a rapidly evolving, highly competitive job market. EPPS will prepare you for careers in government, non-profits and the private sector that enable you to make a real difference in the world of today and tomorrow. EPPS is at the forefront of leadership, ethics and innovation in the public and nonprofit sectors. Our students and faculty look forward to new opportunities to study and address the complex and evolving issues of the future. Research informs much of the instruction. The school has four centers of excellence:

• Center for Global Collective Action
• Texas Schools Project
• Institute for Urban Policy Research
• The Negotiations Center

Degrees Offered

Bachelor of Science and Bachelor of Arts : Criminology , economics , geospatial information sciences , international political economy , political science , public affairs , public health , public policy , sociology

Master of Science : Applied sociology , criminology , economics , geospatial information sciences , international political economy , social data analytics and research

Master of Arts : Political science

Master of Public Affairs : Public affairs

Master of Public Policy : Public policy

Doctor of Philosophy : Criminology , economics , geospatial information sciences , political science , public affairs , public policy and political economy

Certificates

EPPS offers the following 15-hour graduate certificates, which generally can be completed in one year of part-time evening classes:

• Economic and Demographic Data Analysis : focusing on the understanding and application of quantitative analysis of demographic and economic data.
• Geographic Information Systems (GIS) : focusing on the application of GIS in government, private sector and scientific areas.
• Geospatial Intelligence : focusing on the application of geospatial ideas and techniques to national security and other intelligence activity.
• Local Government Management : designed to broaden knowledge of important issues and approaches employed by professional local public administrators.
• Nonprofit Management : designed to provide an overview of the nature and context of nonprofit organizations and develop competencies needed by nonprofit managers.
• Program Evaluation : designed to provide students the opportunity to gain competencies in the design and implementation of program evaluations in fields such as education, health care, human services, criminal justice and economic development.
• Remote Sensing : focusing on remote sensing and digital image processing.

Contact Information

Rita Medford Graduate Program Administrator Email: [email protected] Phone: 972-883-4932 Office: GR 2.402C

Degree Information Dr. John Worrall PhD Advisor Email: [email protected] Phone: 972-883-6901 Office: GR 2.126

EPPS Advising The University of Texas at Dallas 800 W. Campbell Road, GR 31 Richardson, TX 75080-3021 [email protected]

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Doctor of Philosophy in Criminology

The Ph.D. in criminology is designed to prepare students to produce theoretically informed empirical scholarship related to issues of crime and justice policy. After completing graduate courses in criminological theory, criminal justice policy, and empirical methods, Ph.D. students take advanced graduate coursework consistent with their research focus. The program trains students to produce scholarly research that is disseminated to researchers and policymakers through refereed publications.

Advanced coursework typically involves courses in data science, econometrics, law, and sociology. The dissertation is completed under the supervision of faculty in the Department of Criminology. Normally Ph.D. students complete the degree within four academic years. Details on individual faculty research interests can be found here . Details on recent Ph.D. graduates of the program can be found below.

PROGRAM FEATURES

• Students are admitted directly into the Ph.D. program.
• Each student is assigned two faculty mentors and works with the graduate chair to design a hand-tailored curriculum. Typically Ph.D. students take several “core” criminology courses in the first and second year. These include two courses in criminological theory, two courses in criminal justice policy, and two semesters of graduate level statistics or data science.
• The “comprehensive exam” for the program consists of a working paper that may be part of a future dissertation proposal.
• The Ph.D. dissertation typically includes three publishable papers.

DOCTORAL ADMISSIONS

Who is eligible to apply.

We expect a successful applicant to have earned a Bachelor’s degree by the time she/he begins the doctoral program. A strong background in research is highly recommended. Admission is very competitive.

Should I apply to the master’s program or doctoral program in criminology at Penn?

The master’s program is designed for individuals interested in furthering their knowledge of criminology and criminal justice policy in preparation for a range of professional opportunities in government, research, and academia. The doctoral program is designed for individuals with demonstrated excellence in academic research interested in generating scientific research on the causes of crime and the consequences of criminal justice policy.

How should I decide if the Penn doctoral program is a good fit for me?

Visit Penn criminology faculty member web pages to find out what projects faculty are currently working on. Read their published studies. If you are excited by the research questions and/or methods being used, then Penn could be a good choice for you. You should be able to identify one or more faculty research areas that align with your own interests. 

Who makes admissions decisions?

Doctoral admissions decisions are made by the graduate admissions committee, which is composed of criminology faculty members.

How does funding normally work?

Admitted students will be given four years of fellowship funding. This includes tuition and stipend support during term time. Summer stipend support for three years is also included in the fellowship. 

Recent Doctoral Program Alumni

Colleen Berryessa (Rutgers University)

David Mitre Becerril (University of Connecticut)

Mary Cavanaugh (Hunter College, CUNY)

Ruiyun (Frances) Chen (Georgia State University)

Olivia Choy (Nanyang Technological University)

Reagan Daly (CUNY, Institute for State and Local Governance)

Ellen Donnelly (Delaware University)

Charlotte Gill (George Mason University)

Ben Grunwald (Duke University)

Seunghoon Han (Chung-Ang University)

Jordan Hyatt (Drexel University)

Jacob Kaplan (Princeton University)

Alex Knorre (Boston College)

Carla Lewandowski (Rowan University)

Shichun (Asminet) Ling (CSU Los Angeles)

Wendy McClanahan (McClanahan Associates)

Caroline Meyer Angel (University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing)

Ruth Moyer (University of Pennsylvania)

Ben Nordstrom (Behavioral Health Group)

Viet Nguyen (Center for Justice Innovation))

Evelyn Patterson (Georgetown University)

Jill Portnoy Donaghy (RAND Corporation)

Meredith Rossner (Australia National University)

Jane A. Siegel (Rutgers University)

Rebecca Umbach (Google)

Daniel Woods (U.S. Department of Homeland Security)

Yuhao Wu (Peking University)

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Criminology, PhD

Penn's highly interdisciplinary Ph.D. in criminology combines the traditional concerns of criminologists with concepts, theories, and empirical research from a wide variety of academic disciplines. The program seeks to produce scholars of unusual breadth who can work creatively in academic or policy settings.

Working closely with faculty, students are encouraged to design their own curriculum and begin research very early in their graduate education. That curriculum will include several core courses taken in the first and second year. These include two courses in criminological theory, two courses in criminal justice policy, and two semesters of graduate level statistics.

For more information: http://crim.sas.upenn.edu/graduate

View the University’s Academic Rules for PhD Programs .

A minimum of 9 course units are required. Additional courses may be selected in consultation with student faculty advisor and graduate group chair.

The degree and major requirements displayed are intended as a guide for students entering in the Fall of 2023 and later. Students should consult with their academic program regarding final certifications and requirements for graduation.

A student who enters the Ph.D. program with a Bachelors degree will usually take 3 course units in each semester in their first two years and must complete all course requirements by the end of their third year.  All students must take 3 CUs in each semester to remain registered as full-time students.

After having completed the substantive, class-based course requirements, they normally fulfill remaining CUs by registering for CRIM 9999 Independent Study and Research .  They will also have passed the Candidacy Examination by the end of their second year. Students who enter with a Master's degree or other transfer credit may satisfy the formal course requirements more quickly. However, the Graduate Group Chair in conjunction with the student’s research supervisor has the flexibility to establish the optimal requirements for students. 

The customary maximum load for a Ph.D. student is four course units each semester; exceptions for a fifth course unit may be made in extraordinary cases upon approval of the Graduate Dean. The Graduate Group may establish examination requirements in addition to the University’s standards.

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PhD Criminology & Justice Policy

A research-oriented and practice-oriented doctoral program..

The doctoral program in Criminology and Justice Policy is student-centered with the goal of preparing students for academic careers as well as careers in research and policy development. Students of this full-time, fully-funded Ph.D. program complete the degree in five years on average. Through our curriculum, students learn the process of research from the ground-up. Our courses teach students to construct viable research questions through qualitative and quantitative analysis, write scholarly research articles, and create technical reports appropriate for policy consumption.

Additionally, Ph.D. students are offered several benefits throughout their studies, including:

• Possibilities for generous, full-year funding packages
• Extensive summer research opportunities
• Flex fellowship: one semester off from graduate assistantship responsibilities
• Experiential and dissertation completion fellowships

Doctoral students secure prestigious positions after graduation, including tenure-track professorships at Tier 1 research universities, post-doctoral fellowships, and research-and-policy-relevant agency employment.

Recent career outcomes:

• Florida State University, Assistant Professor
• Massachusetts Appeals Court, Staff Attorney
• New York University, Postdoctoral Fellow
• University of Chicago, Postdoctoral Fellow
• University of Montana, Assistant Professor
• University of Nebraska Omaha, Assistant Professor
• Apply acquired foundational knowledge in the field of criminology and justice policy to answer questions in the realm of criminology and justice policy.
• Identify and describe the role of systemic racism and intersecting dimensions of oppression in the development of policies and practices across the criminal justice system, as well as in crime and justice theory and research.
• Critique the knowledge base in a specific domain within the field of criminology and justice policy to demonstrate advanced mastery of theoretical explanations for crime, its causes and consequences.
• Design and carry out original research using methodological tools acquired to develop new theoretical or empirical insights and expand the knowledge base in the field of criminology and justice policy.

For additional information, contact:

Kevin Drakulich

Phd program director.

617.373.7427 [email protected]

Type of Program

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More programs, bs in criminal justice, bs/jd in law, criminology & criminal justice, ms in criminology & criminal justice, ms/jd law, criminology & criminal justice, phd/jd in law, criminology and justice policy.

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What Jobs Can You Get With A Criminology Degree - A New Scientist Careers Guide

• Career guides

Criminology is the study of crime. The expertise acquired through completing a degree in criminology is applicable to many jobs.

Criminology degrees, typically BA Hons criminology, combine several disciplines – for example, sociology, politics, psychology , history and law – to give students an understanding of criminal behaviour, victimisation and criminal justice systems, and to equip them with transferable skills such as evaluating evidence, critical thinking, problem-solving and making reasoned arguments.

Students gain theoretical knowledge of crime and criminal justice and then apply this to contemporary problems such as cybercrime, drug trafficking and terrorism. They also learn criminology research methods and acquire research skills . Learning is via a mix of lectures, seminars and independent study and is often mainly assessed through coursework, for example, writing essays.e

According to The Guardian , the best universities for criminology in the UK are University College London, Staffordshire University, Durham University, the University of Bolton and the University of Bath.

Jobs for criminology graduates are diverse. They may be employed by, for example, governments, the police, prison services, security services and charities working with young offenders or crime victims. If you are wondering “what can I do with a criminology degree?”, this article outlines some of the many career paths  open to criminology graduates.

Police officer

Police officers work to keep people and communities safe by enforcing law, protecting people and property, preventing crime and antisocial behaviour, and investigating crime to ensure successful prosecutions against perpetrators. This job is all about crime prevention and public safety.

Routine duties include: responding to calls for help from the public; patrolling areas to deter and detect crime; upholding peace at large events; interviewing victims, suspects and witnesses of crime; arresting suspects; and giving evidence in court. Police officers also advise the public about keeping safe. Understanding criminal behav iour, crime patterns and criminal justice systems is essential for police officers. This knowledge – as well as skills in evaluating and effectively using evidence to back up reasoning – can be acquired through completing a degree in criminology.

The two-year Degree Holder Entry Programme, which combines work-based training with additional learning focusing on a specialist area such as intelligence , community or roads, is an option for criminology graduates looking to enter policing.

Police officers earn between £19,000 and £41,000 per year in the UK. There are opportunities for promotion through the ranks by gaining experience and passing examinations and for specialisation, for example, criminal investigation department (CID), firearms and dog-handling.

Crime scene investigator (CSI)

Crime scene investigators collect forensic and photographic evidence from crime scenes and process this evidence for use in criminal investigations. Examples of evidence include fingerprints, weapons, clothing, tissue samples, and photos and videos of the crime scene. Crime scene investigators are also responsible for preventing contamination of crime scenes, preparing reports and giving evidence in court. This job is all about using science and data to solve crimes.

A degree in criminology, or a degree that combines criminology and another discipline such as forensic science , is beneficial in applying for crime scene investigator jobs. This is because crime scene investigators need to be able to identify, record and catalogue evidence and guide its use in criminal investigations. These skills can be developed by studying criminology.

Crime scene investigators earn between £16,000 and £37,000 per year in the UK. There are opportunities to progress to leadership roles within crime scene investigation teams.

Prison officer

Prison officers are responsible for the custody and welfare of people in prison and for smooth operations within prisons. They supervise prisoners’ movements within prisons and on external visits to courts and appointments; conduct security checks on prisoners, visitors and staff; and maintain order, using authorised physical restraint if necessary.

A criminology degree is beneficial for prison officers as it equips them with an understanding of public safety and security, court procedures and government regulations. They also need to have an insight into criminal and antisocial behaviour.

Prison officers earn between £30,000 and £38,000 per year in the UK. With experience and further training, they can specialise in, for example, rehabilitation work or progress to senior and managerial roles .

Police detective

Police detectives oversee criminal investigations. These are complex cases relating too, for example, child protection, drugs, homicide, robbery or terrorism.

Routine duties include: analysing records and documents ; interviewing victims, suspects and witnesses of crime; conducting raids and searches; and monitoring and arresting suspects. Although being a police detective is physically and mentally demanding, solving crimes and bringing criminals to justice is a rewarding job.

A degree in criminology is useful for aspiring police detectives, as understanding how criminals think and why they do what they do is essential to this job. Graduates with at least a 2:2 honours degree are eligible for the two-year Police Now National Detectives Programme, which combines classroom and field training in managing serious and complex crime.

Police detectives earn between £26,000 and £91,000 per year in the UK, depending on rank. This is among the highest paying jobs with a criminology degree.

There are opportunities to undertake training to work in specialist departments, for example, CID, which deals with incidents such as suspicious deaths, serious assaults and major property theft. Other specialist departments are firearms squad, which responds to firearms-related incidents, and Special Branch, which handles threats to national security.  

Probation officer

Probation officers work with people serving community and prison sentences to help them to stay away from crime.

Day-to-day responsibilities include: interviewing offenders before parole to aid prison and parole decisions; ensuring offenders’ attendance at supervision appointments and rehabilitation programmes; encouraging changes in offenders’ attitudes and behaviours ; helping recent offenders to access work, housing and health services; and enforcing conditions of community orders.

Probation officers work to reduce reoffending by collaborating with offenders, victims, police and prison service staff, and voluntary agencies. By facilitating better choices, they make a real difference to people’s lives.

Probation officers need to understand why people commit crimes and how to help them stop. They also need to have excellent communication skills. Therefore, a degree in criminology is very useful.

Trainees also complete a Professional Qualification in Probation, which combines work and study, to become fully qualified probation officers. The length of this training may be shorter for degree holders who have studied criminology.  

Probation officers earn between £24,000 and £40,000 per year in the UK. There are opportunities for progression to senior roles.

Criminologist

Criminologists, also known as social science researchers, study the reasons that people commit crimes, with the aim of helping to prevent crime.

Criminologists analyse qualitative and quantitative data to identify crime patterns and how these are affected by rehabilitation programmes. This work informs policy-makers in the policing and criminal justice systems.

Some criminologists work in academia and are employed by higher education institutions. They design and conduct social science experiments and also teach students.

Other criminologists are employed by the police, local authorities or intelligence agencies such as MI5 and MI6, or work on a consultancy basis. They interpret studies and analyse real-world data to guide criminal investigations, for example, by identifying whether a series of crimes are related or by doing criminal profiling.

Criminologists also advise on social policies aimed at reducing criminal activity, for example, the design of public spaces.

A degree in criminology is the first step in the path to becoming a criminologist as it provides foundational knowledge of concepts within the field as well as some research experience . It also equips people with skills such as communication, attention to detail and data analysis, which are critical for this job.

Criminologists earn between £23,000 and £36,000 per year in the UK. Postgraduate qualifications in criminology are typically required to work in academia. With experience, criminologists can progress to senior policy adviser roles within local or national governments or the police, or senior teaching roles at universities. Joining the British Society of Criminology is a good way to network within this field.

From academic work as criminologists to hands-on work as crime scene investigators, many exciting criminology graduate jobs are on offer. Studying this course equips graduates with many valued skills, particularly critical thinking and effective use of evidence. These skills are useful in many career pathways.  

• Prospects: Criminology – available from: https://www.prospects.ac.uk/careers-advice/what-can-i-do-with-my-degree/criminology
• The Guardian: Best UK universities for criminology – available from: https://www.theguardian.com/education/ng-interactive/2023/sep/09/best-uk-universities-for-criminology-league-table
• FutureLearn: Jobs with a criminology degree – available from: https://www.futurelearn.com/info/blog/10-jobs-you-can-do-with-a-criminology-degree
• National Careers Service: Police officer – available from: https://nationalcareers.service.gov.uk/job-profiles/police-officer
• Prospects: Police officer – available from: https://www.prospects.ac.uk/job-profiles/police-officer 
• National Careers Service: Scenes of crime officer – available from: https://nationalcareers.service.gov.uk/job-profiles/scenes-of-crime-officer
• Prospects: Crime scene investigator – available from: https://www.prospects.ac.uk/job-profiles/crime-scene-investigator
• National Careers Service: Prison officer – available from: https://nationalcareers.service.gov.uk/job-profiles/prison-officer
• Prospects: Prison officer – available from: https://www.prospects.ac.uk/job-profiles/prison-officer
• National Careers Service: Probation officer – available from: https://nationalcareers.service.gov.uk/job-profiles/probation-officer
• Prospects: Probation officer – available from: https://www.prospects.ac.uk/job-profiles/probation-officer
• National Careers Service: Criminologist – available from: https://nationalcareers.service.gov.uk/job-profiles/criminologist  

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What Can You Do with a Doctorate in Criminal Justice? 9 Career Options

What can you do with a doctorate in criminal justice? Consider these nine rewarding career options with a DCJ from Saint Leo University.

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Criminal justice is a broad industry, enabling you to pursue a variety of positions ranging from those involved in the creation of laws and legal procedures to those that are responsible for enforcing the regulations that are already in effect—and everything in between.

While there are associate and bachelor’s degree programs that can help prepare you for this type of career path, you can also choose to pursue your doctorate. If the latter is of interest to you, here are nine career options to consider for those with a doctorate in criminal justice.

1. Federal Agent

If you dream of being an agent for the FBI, IRS, DEA, or Secret Service, obtaining your doctorate in criminal justice is one way to achieve this goal. Your responsibilities in an agent role will vary depending on which federal agency you choose but generally include duties related to the enforcement of laws and/or the investigation of potential violations. Getting your doctorate also prepares you for leadership positions within these national law enforcement agencies.

2. Higher-Level Local or State Law Enforcement Positions

Maybe your career vision involves holding a higher-level position at a law enforcement agency within your local community or state. A doctorate in criminal justice can make this an option as well. The knowledge gained in your doctoral-level studies can help prepare you for a position such as sheriff, undersheriff, chief of police, and more.

3. Emergency Management Director

Another option is to use your doctorate in criminal justice to secure an emergency management director role. Individuals in this position are responsible for developing and implementing response plans for natural disasters and other types of large-scale emergencies that may occur in their designated areas. They’re also tasked with identifying high-probability risks and finding ways to prevent them from occurring.

4. Forensic Scientist

Forensic scientists collect and analyze crime scene evidence. Some professionals working in this role perform their duties at crime scenes. Others spend their days in labs, using various technologies and devices to gain more information about a suspect or the scene of the crime, potentially making a connection between the two.

5. Policy Analyst

You can also use your doctorate in criminal justice to become a policy analyst. In this role, you would be responsible for reviewing certain policies to help identify any potential issues that may exist, and also to provide possible solutions. If you’re interested in playing an active role in the development or modification of the policies that govern society and/or specific groups or populations, a policy analyst career path may be a good fit for you.

6. Cybersecurity Analyst

Where a policy analyst does an in-depth review of policies, a cybersecurity analyst focuses on online devices, networks, and systems. One benefit of this career path is that the list of industries you can work in is endless. Any company or organization that conducts business online (or has an online presence) can benefit from having a cybersecurity expert analyze their Internet-based devices and systems, helping to protect them from hackers and other individuals who should not have access to the stored information.

7. Attorney

Courses taken in a doctoral-level criminal justice program also help prepare you for a career as an attorney. Lawyers can specialize in various areas of law, whether civil or criminal. A civil attorney may work primarily with medical malpractice cases, for instance, or help their clients with the preparation of wills or trusts. Criminal attorneys can also specialize in certain areas of law, focusing their efforts on clients charged with drunk driving, homicide, or some other type of crime.

8. Educational Coordinator

If you have a passion for education, you can use your doctorate in criminal justice as an educational coordinator. Professionals in this position spend their days developing or improving educational programs or curricula. Not only do schools hire educational coordinators, but some employers do as well. This enables you to play an important role in shaping the future of tomorrow’s students or workers.

9. College Instructor

Do you like the idea of educating others but would prefer a more one-on-one role where you can interact directly with students? In this case, you might want to use your doctorate in criminal justice to pursue a career as a college instructor. In this position, you would be teaching the next generation of criminal justice experts. And the knowledge you provide can be critical to helping them achieve their own career goals.

Saint Leo University Offers a Doctorate in Criminal Justice

If any of these careers feel like a good fit for you, you can earn your doctorate in criminal justice at Saint Leo University. Saint Leo offers two doctorate-level criminal justice program options:

• Doctorate in Criminal Justice: Homeland Security
• Doctorate in Criminal Justice: Education

Both 60-credit hour degree programs can be completed online, with three weekend-long residencies held either at Saint Leo’s university campus near Tampa, FL or at one of our select education centers that offer this option. Are you ready to go? Get started on your doctorate in criminal justice—and take the next step toward your exciting new career.

Saint Leo University See more from this author

Criminology and Criminal Justice, PhD

• Program description
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• Degree requirements
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Advocacy, Corrections, Criminal Justice, Criminology, Justice, Police, Policing, Social Justice, Violence, law, sociology

Ranked No. 2 in the nation by U.S News & World Report, this doctoral program prepares you for success in numerous and varied professions. You can work with professors on innovative research projects exploring a range of important topics and study with world-renowned faculty.

The School of Criminology and Criminal Justice at Arizona State University offers an on-campus program of coursework and research leading to the PhD in criminology and criminal justice.

This program emphasizes criminal justice theory, research and policy, and is designed to produce highly skilled criminology and criminal justice faculty and agency researchers and administrators.

The doctoral program is organized around a core of required courses in research methods, analytic techniques, criminological theory, and policies and practices in the criminal justice system. The program offers distinctive elective courses in criminology, criminal justice and related fields. To complete the program, students complete both a comprehensive examination and a doctoral dissertation.

• College/school: Watts College of Public Service & Community Solut
• Location: Downtown Phoenix

84 credit hours, a written comprehensive exam, a prospectus and a dissertation

Required Core (12 credit hours) CRJ 601 Seminar on Criminological Theory (3) CRJ 602 Seminar on Criminal Justice Policies and Practices (3) CRJ 604 Regression Models (3) CRJ 605 Topics in Quantitative Methods (3)

Theory Coursework (6 credit hours) CRJ 521 Topics in Psychological Criminology (3) CRJ 523 Seminar in Network Criminology (3) CRJ 524 Theories of Punishment (3) CRJ 525 Seminar on Life-course Criminology (3)

Criminal Justice Systems Coursework (9 credit hours) CRJ 512 Seminar in Policing (3) CRJ 513 Seminar in Courts and Sentencing (3) CRJ 514 Seminar in Corrections (3) CRJ 517 Seminar on Juvenile Delinquency and Juvenile Justice (3)

Criminal Procedures Coursework (3 credit hours) CRJ 537 Criminal Procedure of Investigations for Social and Forensic Scientists (3) CRJ 538 Criminal Law and Social Control (3) CRJ 539 Topics in Law, Crime and Justice (3)

Research Methods (6 credit hours) CRJ 510 Criminal Justice Planning and Program Evaluation (3) CRJ 531 Crime Mapping (3) CRJ 540 Qualitative Methods (3) CRJ 560 Topics in Research Methods (3)

Electives (36 credit hours)

Culminating Experience (12 credit hours) CRJ 799 Dissertation (12)

Additional Curriculum Information A maximum of 30 credit hours of coursework from a previously awarded master's degree or JD may, with approval of the supervisory committee and the Graduate College, be applied toward the doctoral plan of study.

For the theory, criminal justice systems, criminal procedures and research methods courses, students select the number of required credit hours from the list provided. Other courses may be substituted with approval of the academic unit.

The following professional development workshop courses are recommended but not required: CRJ 614 Professional Development Workshop I: Professionalization CRJ 615 Professional Development Workshop II: Preparing to Teach Effectively CRJ 616 Professional Development Workshop III: Navigating the Academic Job Market in CCJ

All students must demonstrate proficiency in research design as well as quantitative and qualitative methods.

Applicants must fulfill the requirements of both the Graduate College and the Watts College of Public Service and Community Solutions.

Applicants will often hold a master's degree from an accredited institution; it may be in criminal justice, criminology or another field (e.g., sociology, political science, history, social work, public administration, psychology or philosophy). Our program also allows for direct admission into our doctoral program for highly qualified students with only a bachelor's degree; these students will earn their master's degree along the way to completing their doctoral degree.

Applicants must have a minimum cumulative GPA of 3.00 (scale is 4.00 = "A") in an applicable master's degree program.

All applicants must submit:

• graduate admission application and application fee
• official transcripts
• two letters of recommendation
• current curriculum vitae or resume
• personal statement
• sample of the applicant's written work
• proof of English proficiency.

Additional Application Information An applicant whose native language is not English must provide proof of English proficiency regardless of their current residency. Requirements can be found on the admission services website .

Official transcripts must be submitted from every university or institution from which a degree was awarded.

The letters of recommendation must be from faculty members or others qualified to evaluate the applicant's academic potential for doctoral study.

The personal statement should not exceed five pages, and it should describe the applicant's prior education, relevant professional experience and career goals. The statement must explain how the doctorate in criminology and criminal justice will help the applicant attain their goals. The statement should explicitly explain how the student's plans are consistent with the role and mission of the School of Criminology and Criminal Justice at ASU.

The applicant's sample of written work should be submitted electronically. The writing sample may be an article (published or unpublished), a research paper or any other extended sample of expository skill, and the sample must be no longer than 35 pages. Longer writing samples should not be submitted without first consulting the graduate director. Documents should not be password protected. Acceptable file types are .rtf, .pdf, and .doc.

Students should see the unit website for application deadlines.

Program learning outcomes identify what a student will learn or be able to do upon completion of their program. This program has the following program outcomes:

• Apply appropriate theoretical principles and procedures to issues and problems at the frontiers of criminology and the criminal justice system.
• Select appropriate data collection and data analysis techniques for conducting criminology and criminal justice research.
• Able to conduct dissertation research resulting in an original contribution to knowledge in criminology and criminal justice.

Graduates of the criminology and criminal justice doctorate program find a strong job market in the public and private sectors. Employment opportunities include supervisory and management positions in criminal justice agencies (federal, state and local), policymaking, and teaching and research, such as:

• city, county and state government liaison to criminal justice agencies
• court administrator
• detective or investigator
• evidence and crime scene supervisor (CSI activities)
• forensic scientist
• intelligence analyst
• law enforcement or police crime analysis supervisor
• policy analyst
• probation, parole or community supervisor
• professor of criminal justice

Opportunities also include supervisory and management positions in social service agencies, such as:

• child and family services (e.g., Head Start, child support enforcement, foster care, elder care)
• Department of Economic Security
• homeless outreach
• victim advocacy

Graduates also have the opportunity to work in supervisory and management positions in the private sector, including online security, as well as in the cybersecurity sector.

School of Criminology and Criminal Justice | UCENT 600 [email protected] 602-496-2356

Sociology and Criminology

Criminology PhD

Criminology phd program.

The University of Iowa's new PhD Program in Criminology offers rigorous training in criminological and sociological theory, a variety of quantitative and qualitative research methods, and two cutting edge substantive areas -  Inequality, Crime & Justice  and  International & Comparative Criminology . Housed in the same department as one of the nation's leading sociology departments, our program offers students a unique opportunity to take courses and conduct research at the intersection of the two disciplines, preparing them for a variety of teaching and research jobs in academia, government, and the non-profit sector.

Inequality, Crime & Justice

International & comparative criminology, affiliated faculty.

Stephanie DiPietro, Ph.D.

Karen Heimer, Ph.D.

Amber Powell, Ph.D.

Meghan Rogers, Ph.D.

Michaela Ruppert, Ph.D.

James Wo, Ph.D.

Marina Zaloznaya, Ph.D.

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Criminology, PhD

Impact the Future of Criminology with a Highly Respected PhD

Please note that we’re not accepting applications for a 2024–25 cohort. Check back for potential future enrollment terms, or visit our program list to see what other options are available.

You can impact the future of criminal justice with a PhD in Criminology from IUP. You’ll gain the essential knowledge and skills to become a researcher and leader in your profession, as well as the means to influence the next generation of students as a university professor.

Why Pursue a Criminology PhD from IUP?

IUP's PhD in Criminology and Criminal Justice is the sixth-oldest doctoral program in the country and has awarded more than 150 PhDs. Alumni are either successfully teaching at other universities and colleges or applying their expertise at respected research institutes and agencies at the state and federal levels.

At IUP, you can take advantage of:

• A broad curriculum focused on integrating theory, research, and policy.
• An extensive professional network of alumni and research partners. Tap into the experience and connections provided by our network of more than 150,000 alumni worldwide.
• Dedicated faculty members. Our professors will do more than teach. They’ll serve as mentors, working alongside you on research projects and engaging you in one-on-one learning experiences.
• Opportunities to gain teaching experience before you graduate.
• The possibility for part-time completion.

Teaching is the primary focus of our PhD in Criminology program, and you’ll have plenty of opportunities to practice your classroom skills as a teaching assistant.

Working with quantitative and qualitative research strategies, you may also have opportunities to serve as a research assistant or full-fledged researcher for government or private entities. Upon completing your degree, you could continue to work on special topics through post-doctoral research grants and jobs.

What You’ll Learn

Unlike other programs that focus narrowly on training researchers, IUP’s doctoral program gives you instruction in all aspects of scholarship, especially the link between research, scholarship, and teaching.

As a PhD in Criminology student, you'll:

• Apply criminology and criminal justice theories and ethical and philosophical issues to your teaching and research
• Become highly knowledgeable in criminal justice policy
• Develop essential skills to help you balance the demands of teaching, research, and service commitments you'll encounter throughout your career
• Master qualitative and quantitative strategies and methods in developing your skills as a researcher
• Take full advantage of the possibility of teaching associate positions to sharpen your teaching skills in a university setting

Imagine Your Future

Earning a PhD shows the world you’re not afraid of hard work, that you have the discipline and a personal commitment to shaping your profession. With a PhD in Criminology from IUP, your future will be one in which you influence students and future leaders, research some of today’s most gripping issues, and drive reform from within the highest levels of criminal justice administration.

As a doctoral-prepared educator, you have a very bright future. In addition to the more than 400 open faculty positions in higher education throughout the United States, there is a similarly high demand for researchers and policymakers.

Postsecondary (University-level) Instructors:

2021 Median Pay:

Number of Jobs in 2021:

Employment Change, 2021-31:

Classes and Requirements

The main purpose of the PhD in Criminology is to prepare you for a career in academics. At IUP, you’ll receive a balanced and integrated approach to the study of justice systems, theory, research, and educational issues.

The main requirements for this doctoral program are:

• Completing 42 credits of coursework (some students can transfer in coursework from their MA programs)
• Meeting skill and specialization requirements
• Passing qualifying exams
• Finishing your dissertation

Full Academic Catalog Listing

The course catalog is the official reference for all our degree and course offerings. Check it out for a full listing of the classes available and requirements for this degree.

How IUP Supports Your Academic Success

As a doctoral student, you’ll also get plenty of support throughout this challenging academic journey. We’re committed to helping with your success at every stage throughout your progression toward dissertation publication, graduation, and beyond.

Research Opportunities

Because IUP is classified as a public doctoral/high research activity institution, you’ll have opportunities to present your research at conferences, symposiums, and exhibits.

You’ll be relieved to know that support is available at every stage of your doctoral program, including:

• A range of resources that are free for IUP graduate students
• Editing assistance from the Kathleen Jones White Writing Center
• Help in data modeling and quantitative analysis through IUP’s applied research lab.

Dig Deeper with Help from the Center for Criminology Research

The mission of the Center for Research in Criminology (CRC) is to:

• Act as a resource center
• Attract scholars for residency programs
• Conduct, promote, and sponsor scholarly research
• Establish relationships with other institutions/agencies
• Provide technical assistance
• Seek external funding
• Serve as a clearinghouse for proposals and information

The CRC works with, and is supported by, the IUP Department of Criminology and the School of Graduate Studies and Research to nurture postgraduate research and maintain a supportive research environment for faculty members. The CRC also facilitates research contacts among faculty, state and local criminal justice officials, and funding agencies .

Write for the Criminal Justice Policy Review

The Criminal Justice Policy Review (CJPR), edited by IUP professor Jennifer Gossett, is a multidisciplinary, peer-reviewed journal committed to the study of criminal justice policy through quantitative, qualitative, and mixed-methodological approaches.

CJPR serves as a bridge between academics, policymakers, and practitioners by publishing sound research that addresses critical issues in crime and justice and examines the implementation and effectiveness of criminal justice policies, programs, and practices. This journal appeals to criminologists, sociologists, political scientists, and other scholars and professionals with an interest in policy and research.

CJPR is published quarterly and accepts articles, essays, research notes, and book reviews. Manuscripts appropriate for submission include:

• Full-length articles that present the findings of original empirical research
• In addition to its regular issues, CJPR also provides a forum for scheduled special issues on notable topics in crime and justice
• Research notes, allowing authors to present early and preliminary results
• Review essays that thoroughly review and critique the “state of current research” on a particular topic and discuss the associated policy implications, or those that address an emerging issue in the field and outline a proposed research agenda
• Reviews of books on relevant topics in criminal justice

To have your material considered for publication, please submit manuscripts via Manuscript Central .

Get Help Funding Your Doctoral Journey

Graduate assistantships.

Graduate assistantships at IUP are selective and awarded to highly qualified master’s and doctoral students. In addition to earning a stipend, you may receive a full or partial tuition waiver.

One such graduate assistantship includes the opportunity to serve as managing editor of our academic journal, Criminal Justice Policy Review. You’ll get real-world experience while furthering your understanding of the publication process, which is essential in academia.

You can also become a research assistant in the Criminology Research Center, where you’ll gain practical research experience. Internal funding for graduate student research includes:

• Graduate Student Research Grant
• Graduate Student Funding to Present Papers
• Graduate Student Professional Development
• Graduate Student Outstanding Research Award

Become a Teaching Associate

After completing the necessary coursework and qualifying exams, you’ll have the opportunity to apply to become a teaching associate at IUP. Our program includes a supportive mentoring process to better prepare you for the classroom and a career in higher education, which is a natural next step for most doctoral students.  

A Leader in Research: IUP Research Institute

The Indiana University of Pennsylvania Research Institute is affiliated with IUP but is a separate, private, nonprofit corporation. Its mission is to advance the research agenda and educational objectives of IUP and partner institutions within the Pennsylvania State System of Higher Education and to promote greater collaboration across the entire state system.

The Institute’s vision is to enhance the culture of research at IUP and partner institutions while being recognized as a leader in research administration.

CGSO: Your Program, Your People

Finding special-interest groups that nurture you throughout your education is essential for your academic success—and a great way to begin networking for your future.

At IUP, the Criminology Graduate Student Organization (CGSO) is committed to serving graduate students like you and supporting your success. The CGSO sponsors two “Brown Bag” luncheons featuring criminology faculty members discussing various topics each semester. Past luncheons have covered:

• Academic job searches
• Doing research with faculty
• Professional development in academia
• Web-based surveys

Involvement in the local community is vital to CGSO. Its “Bowling for Kids” event raises money for Big Hearts/Little Hands of Indiana County.

General Catalog

Criminology, phd.

This is the first version of the 2024–25 General Catalog. Please check back regularly for changes. The final edition and the historical PDF will be published during the fall semester.

The PhD program in criminology provides students with comprehensive training in criminological theory, research methods, and data analysis. The program also promotes advanced understanding of substantive issues related to criminology, including government policy and the justice system by providing students with well-rounded experiences as teachers, scholars, and researchers through rigorous interdisciplinary coursework, research training, and teaching opportunities. Paramount to the goals of the program is the formulation of critical thinking skills and the application of evidence-based reasoning and analytics to contemporary criminological issues.

The doctoral program has a research emphasis and primarily prepares criminologists for positions at colleges and universities or research positions in academic, private, and government institutions. For a summary of where the department's recent graduates have found employment, view Recent Student Placement on the Department of Sociology and Criminology website.

Graduate students work closely with faculty on collaborative research as well as developing independent research programs. In addition to valuable research experiences, students also can obtain substantial training and experience in undergraduate teaching, including online courses. The department training program includes an orientation workshop for new teaching assistants; a credited teaching seminar,  SOC:7010 Teaching Sociology , for advanced graduate students; courses on instruction; and an opportunity for these graduate students to design and teach their own courses under the mentorship of faculty.

Learning Outcomes

The graduate program in the Department of Sociology and Criminology develops professionals who are qualified to conduct original research in the field of sociology and criminology and serve the discipline and larger community through teaching and/or other applications of sociological and criminological knowledge. The program’s specific learning outcomes are outlined below.

Goals and Outcomes

• Develop the expertise to conduct original research in sociology and criminology that is publishable in scholarly outlets.
• Develop a professional skillset in research methodology commonly used in the social sciences, particularly sociology and criminology.
• Develop a professional skillset in social science theories pertaining to sociology and criminology.
• Develop professional expertise in substantive sociological and criminological research areas, which at a minimum includes graduate-level competence in both a major and minor area of research.
• Develop scholarly writing and communication skills.
• Serve the discipline and broader community as sociologists and criminologists.
• Be prepared to teach in the field of sociology and/or criminology.
• Understand the goals, practices, and standards of research and applied professionals associated with the discipline of sociology and/or criminology. This includes developing a firm grasp of the principles of ethical research.

The Doctor of Philosophy program in criminology requires a minimum of 72 s.h. of graduate credit. This can include up to 30 s.h. of credit from a previous master's degree in criminology or sociology; a maximum of 3 s.h. of credit from CRIM:7030 Readings and Research Tutorial  or its transferable equivalent at another institution will be counted as part of the 30 s.h. Students must maintain a program grade-point average of at least 3.25.

The PhD in criminology requires the following coursework.

Required Courses

All PhD students must complete the following courses with grades of B-minus or higher.

Professional Seminars

Research methods and statistics courses.

Students must complete the following courses with grades of B-minus or higher. They may substitute another course for those listed with approval from the director of graduate studies.

Elective Courses

Comprehensive examination.

The comprehensive examination consists of five questions prepared by the student's exam committee; each answer should contain no more than 2,500 words. The student should demonstrate mastery of the relevant research methods as well as the major, minor, or related fields of study for a given area. Students should pass the comprehensive examination before the start of their fourth year in the program.

Dissertation

All PhD candidates prepare a detailed prospectus of research for the dissertation within one year of the comprehensive examination. The prospectus is written in consultation with the student's dissertation committee members and should allow the committee to evaluate the feasibility of the dissertation research and make suggestions to improve it.

Students must pass an oral examination by their dissertation defense committee. The oral dissertation defense should be completed no later than five years after passing the comprehensive examination.

As students work on the dissertation they will typically be registered in  CRIM:7030 Readings and Research Tutorial  or  CRIM:7090 PhD Dissertation .

For a detailed statement of graduate study rules, visit the Department of Sociology and Criminology website. Prospective doctoral students should examine this information carefully.

Teaching Assistantship Training

All new graduate teaching assistants (TAs) are expected to attend a three-day orientation before classes begin. In addition,  SOC:7010 Teaching Sociology  is required for students who wish to teach their own courses.

Admission to graduate study in criminology usually requires an undergraduate grade-point average of at least 3.25.

All applicants must complete the Graduate College application form, the supplemental sociology and criminology department application , and use the department's personal reference forms to obtain three letters of recommendation.

All application materials for fall admission must be received by Jan. 1. Evaluation of applications begins in early January.

Admission decisions are based on consideration of prior academic performance, personal reference letters, and the applicant's statement of reasons for pursuing advanced work in criminology at the University of Iowa. The department has no specific undergraduate course requirements for admission, but a background in the social sciences with some mathematical training is useful. A foreign language is not required for admission, and there is no foreign language requirement for a graduate degree in criminology. To inquire about admission, consult the director of graduate studies, Department of Sociology and Criminology .

The Department of Sociology and Criminology offers teaching assistantships and research assistantships for graduate students. Students who receive half-time (50%) teaching or research assistantships work 20 hours each week for faculty members on either teaching or research assignments. Out-of-state students who hold assistantship appointments of at least 25% are assessed tuition at the resident rate. Graduate students also may be eligible for  fellowships  offered by the Graduate College.

The deadline for applying for departmental financial support is Jan. 1.

The program of study for the PhD primarily aims to prepare criminologists for academic positions in colleges and universities or for research positions in academic, private, and government institutions.

In addition to preparing students for careers in social service, criminal justice, and other areas, this major offers an integrated package of courses, research training, writing enhancement, international perspective, and internships to provide graduates with impressive credentials.

The  Pomerantz Career Center  and the Graduate College  Career Exploration and Planning  website offer multiple resources to help students find jobs.

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2024 Best Online PhD in Criminology Programs [Guide]

Are you interested in earning an online PhD in Criminology?

Online doctorate programs in criminology educate students in the sociology of crime. You can learn what social factors contribute to increasing crime rates and how to conduct scientific research on crime.

Editorial Listing ShortCode:

Experts in the field can help draft laws to prevent crime, assist in the rehabilitation of criminal offenders, or conduct academic research. The field of criminology plays an important role in making communities safer for everyone.

Universities Offering Online PhD in Criminology Degree Programs

Methodology: The following school list is in alphabetical order. To be included, a college or university must be regionally accredited and offer degree programs online or in a hybrid format.

California University of Pennsylvania

California University of Pennsylvania offers an online Doctorate in Criminal Justice program. It can typically be completed in 2 years. Those interested in the program must have a master’s degree in a related field with a GPA of 3.5 or higher. Students must submit a personal statement and a writing sample when applying.

The California University of Pennsylvania  is accredited by the Middle States Commission on Higher Education.

Texas A&M International University

Texas A&M International University offers a Doctor of Philosophy in Criminal Justice. The program requires students to complete a semester on campus before moving to online classes. Applicants with a master’s degree are required to complete 49 semester hours, while those with a law degree need to complete 52 hours. Texas A&M International University is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Colleges.

University of Arizona

The University of Arizona offers a Doctor of Psychology with a specialization in Criminology and Justice Studies. Each course is 6 to 9 weeks long. Students are required to complete 62 credits to graduate. Applicants must submit official transcripts from a master’s degree program that they completed with a GPA of 3.0 or higher. The University of Arizona is accredited by the Higher Learning Commission.

University of North Georgia

The University of North Georgia offers an online PhD in Criminal Justice with a concentration in Intelligence. To graduate, students must complete 54 credit hours, including two teaching practicums. Applicants must have a master’s degree with a GPA of 3.2 or higher and official GRE test scores. UNG is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Colleges.

Washington State University

Washington State University offers a Doctor of Philosophy in Criminal Justice and Criminology.

To graduate, students must complete 72 credit hours, with 33 of those hours dedicated to dissertation research. Applicants must have a master’s degree with a GPA of 3.0 or higher, 3 letters of recommendation, official GRE test scores, and a personal statement. Washington State University is accredited by the Northwest Commission on Colleges and Universities.

Online PhD in Criminology Programs

Criminology is the branch of sociology that deals with crime and criminals. You may want to look into doctoral programs in criminology if you have already studied sociology or a related field at the bachelor’s or master’s level and would like to develop more specialized knowledge.

Criminology PhD programs, much like masters programs in criminology , can help prepare you for a variety of career paths. Professionals with a PhD tend to pursue careers in research or academia. Advanced knowledge of criminology could also be beneficial if you work in a rehabilitation or correctional facility for criminal offenders.

It’s also applicable to government agencies and private nonprofits that work to lower crime rates and increase public safety.

Here are some subjects that are typically covered in doctoral criminology programs:

• Criminal law
• Criminal psychology
• Statistical analysis
• Research methods

A doctorate in criminology is usually a very research-intensive degree program. You will likely learn a lot about how to collect data and analyze research methodology.

As part of a PhD program, you will probably be expected to complete a dissertation. A dissertation demonstrates that you know how to conduct methodologically correct research and contribute new knowledge to the field for publication in peer-reviewed journals.

Ideally, this knowledge would have practical applications that could help to improve society.

Criminology Careers & Salaries

Advanced knowledge of criminology could be useful for career paths in which people attempt to understand and mitigate criminal behavior.

Criminology expertise could be applied to a career in sociology, social and community service management, research, correctional treatment, or counseling. A doctoral degree can also help you qualify for a career in academia or for senior or leadership positions in the field.

According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics , here are some careers related to the advanced study of criminology.

Social and community service managers can work in a variety of industries, but they are most often employed by individual and family services. They may also work for the local government or for religious, grantmaking, civic, professional, and similar organizations.

Other employers of social and community service managers include nursing and residential care facilities as well as community and vocational rehabilitation services. Most sociologists work in research and development.

Criminology Doctorate Curriculum

Here are some examples of courses you might take while earning your doctoral degree in criminology:

• Theories of Crime : You’ll study sociological theories about why people commit crimes.
• Criminology and Public Policy : You’ll learn how the study of crime and criminals can influence public policy to be more effective.
• Applied Statistics : You’ll learn how to correctly analyze and interpret data that you have collected while conducting research.
• Philosophy of Law, Justice, and Social Control : This course covers the legal and criminal justice systems from a philosophical perspective.
• Race and Ethnicity in Crime and Criminal Justice : You’ll study systemic racism in the criminal justice system.
• Civil Liability for Criminal Justice Professionals : This course covers the legal obligations of criminal justice professionals as well as situations in which they could face civil lawsuits for misconduct.
• Advanced Criminal Law : You’ll study laws that define criminal offenses and regulate the penalties of convicted offenders.
• Police and Society : This course explores the role of police, the ways in which police can affect society positively or negatively, and the ways police can be more effective at their work.
• Criminal Justice Policy and Administration : You’ll study policies within the criminal justice system and how they affect the judicial process and corrections system.
• Analysis of Crime Data : You’ll study the numbers collected in crime research and learn how to interpret them.

Exact course requirements can vary from one university to another. It’s common for doctoral programs to require the completion of a dissertation or capstone project as well.

How to Choose an Online Doctoral Program in Criminology

Here are some factors you may want to take into account when choosing an online doctoral program in criminology:

• Affordability . Some schools may charge higher tuition than others.
• Available concentrations . Some programs allow you to choose a concentration within the field of criminology, such as cybercrime or juvenile justice.
• Synchronous or asynchronous coursework . In a synchronous online format, online classes meet at a specific time, just like traditional classes. In an asynchronous course, you may be able to complete all assignments according to your own schedule.
• Job placement rate . You may want to attend a program that is known for being able to place most of its graduates in jobs after completion of the degree.
• On-campus requirements . Some online programs offered by traditional universities may require that you come to campus occasionally to meet with your adviser or attend seminars. Other programs may be fully online.

Since there are many different types of programs, it’s beneficial to explore your options so you can find the one that best suits your needs and preferences.

Admissions Requirements

What qualifications should you have before you even apply to an online doctoral program in criminology? Here are some common admissions requirements:

• Bachelor’s degree or higher from an accredited university
• Minimum grade point average of 3.0
• Previous professional experience
• Background in research

Admissions requirements can vary at different universities. Some universities may consider GPA to be the most important qualification, while others might prefer candidates with previous work experience. Some universities require that you have a master’s degree, especially if you do not already have work experience in the field.

Accreditation

Regionally accredited universities are regularly evaluated by an outside agency to ensure the quality of their educational programs and student services. The name of the agency that provides a university’s accreditation can usually be found on the university’s website.

Before you apply to an online criminology degree program, you may want to check to make sure it is accredited. A university’s accreditation status can affect how easily you can transfer course credits to other universities and whether you can qualify for federal financial aid.

A degree earned from an accredited institution is also widely respected by employers and universities alike. To learn more about regional accreditation, you can visit the Council for Higher Education Accreditation (CHEA) .

Criminology Licensure and Certifications

In addition to pursuing a terminal degree in the field of criminology, you may also be interested in earning a certification from a professional organization.

The American Correctional Association (ACA) offers professional certifications for corrections workers, such as the Certified Corrections Executive (CCE) certification. Earning a certification often requires passing an exam that corresponds with specialized knowledge or training.

Certifications are not always required for criminal justice careers, but they can indicate your expertise in the field and your commitment to continuing education.

Financial Aid and Scholarships

There are many financial aid opportunities available for qualifying students, even for those in online doctoral programs.

Scholarships exist for students in nearly every field and at every level of education. Some professional organizations and nonprofits have scholarship opportunities for students who are studying criminal justice or a related field, such as criminology.

You may also be able to receive financial assistance from your current employer, especially if furthering your knowledge of criminology would benefit your work. To apply for federal financial aid, you can fill out the Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA) .

Criminology Professional Organizations

Professional organizations sometimes host in-person networking events. They can also provide members with access to job listings, continuing education opportunities, online trade journals, and other professional publications.

Here are some professional organizations for people who work in criminology and the broader field of criminal justice:

• American Criminal Justice Association (ACJA)
• American Society of Criminology (ASC)
• National Criminal Justice Association (NCJA)

These organizations may be able to provide you with useful resources while you complete your PhD program and after you graduate.

Is There a PhD in Criminology?

Yes, there are PhD programs in criminology. These doctoral programs teach students how to use rigorous scientific research to inform public policy and practice within the criminal justice system.

You can also take advanced interdisciplinary coursework in subjects such as law, statistics, and sociology. Most PhD programs also require the completion of a dissertation under the guidance of a supervisor.

Similar to what you may find in top criminal justice PhD programs , a PhD in Criminology can help you develop advanced research skills that are highly applicable in academia or in organizations that utilize criminological research.

What Can You Do with a Doctoral Degree in Criminology?

Doctoral degrees in criminology are primarily intended for students who want to teach or conduct research. Some professionals who hold a criminology PhD work as postsecondary teachers, criminologists, or survey researchers.

Doctoral degrees are a standard requirement for postsecondary teachers and researchers. This type of degree could also be useful for careers in the criminal justice and corrections systems. A doctorate may also help qualify you to take on leadership roles in institutions that aim to rehabilitate criminal offenders.

How Long Does It Take to Get a PhD in Criminology Online?

PhD programs generally take 3 to 5 years to complete, but your time to completion can vary depending on the length of the program and how many hours of coursework you take on each semester.

Programs that require a dissertation generally take longer to complete than non-dissertation programs. Without a dissertation requirement, you may be able to complete your PhD in as little as 3 years if you attend full-time.

What Jobs Can You Get with a Doctorate in Criminology?

There are many challenging and rewarding jobs you can pursue with a doctorate in criminology. Exactly what jobs you can qualify for once you have completed your doctorate depends on a variety of factors, such as your work experience and area of specialty.

Criminology-related occupations include postsecondary teacher, social and community service manager, sociologist, survey researcher, probation officer, correctional treatment specialist, and rehabilitation counselor.

What Does a Criminologist Do?

Criminology is one of the branches of sociology. So, a criminologist is technically a type of sociologist. Criminologists conduct scientific research regarding criminals and the types of crimes they commit.

They may look for the answers to questions such as:

• What factors lead people to commit crimes?
• Which types of people are most likely to commit which types of crimes?
• What are the most effective methods society can use to prevent crimes?
• How can we help offenders become productive members of society?

There is much research to be conducted in this field, and the knowledge that could be gained from criminological research might help make communities safer for everyone.

What’s the Difference Between a Doctoral Program in Criminology vs. Criminal Justice?

Here are some key differences between the fields of criminology and criminal justice:

While criminology and criminal justice do overlap somewhat, they are two distinct fields.

Is a PhD in Criminology Worth It?

Yes, a PhD in Criminology is worth it for many students. Job growth is expected for a number of occupations related to criminology. Employment of postsecondary teachers is expected to grow 9% over the next decade, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics.

Meanwhile, employment of social and community service managers is expected to grow 17%, and employment of sociologists is expected to grow 4%. Criminology is a fascinating area of study for many people, and doctoral studies can help you expand your knowledge and career opportunities in this growing field.

Getting Your PhD in Criminology Online

If you’re interested in analyzing crime from a sociological perspective, you may have decided that getting a PhD in Criminology is the next step for your education and career.

A number of accredited universities offer this doctoral program on campus as well as online. Online programs, whether it’s an online degree in criminology or a broader online criminal justice degree , are typically known for their convenience and flexibility. Plus, you would likely save time by avoiding the commute to campus.

With so many options available, you can compare programs to discover which ones best match your learning preferences and your professional interests. You can start your doctoral journey today by exploring accredited universities!

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Criminology and Criminal Justice M.A. Online

University of Houston-Clear Lake's (UHCL)'s online Criminology and Criminal Justice Master of Arts was designed for students seeking to enhance their criminal justice career or to transition into the criminal justice field from another industry. This online degree program provides the knowledge and training for a wide range of professions. These include policing or law enforcement positions, corrections officers, investigators, crime analysts, probation officers, juvenile counselors, and victim services specialists, among others.

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With both a criminology and criminal justice component, this degree will help you deepen your understanding of why crime occurs and how it's measured. You'll also learn about the criminal justice system and how the public response to crime involving communities. Through carefully crafted coursework, you'll examine the many layers of contemporary crime and delve into topics like corrections, courts, ethics, juvenile justice, race and justice, terrorism and homeland security, victimology, and more.

The Criminology and Criminal Justice Master of Arts requires 36 credit hours for students completing a thesis and 33 hours for students who choose the internship or additional coursework option. It is available for any student with a bachelor's degree in any academic field.

Why You Should Choose the Criminology and Criminal Justice Master of Arts at UHCL

Faculty expertise.

The professors who teach coursework for the program come from diverse backgrounds, and many have expertise in both criminology and criminal justice. Some also have real-world criminal justice experience, including holding positions as law enforcement officers. 

Alumni Job Prospects

Many graduates of the program, like alum Troy Finner , have gone on to land careers as police chiefs and administrators, proving that the program focuses on creating criminal justice leaders. 

Faculty Involvement in True Crime

UHCL has had faculty involvement in true crime as well as media reporting to help guide crime and justice policy and practices in the real world. For example, Assistant Professor Hae Rim  shared her expertise on the Netflix series, "I Am a Stalker"  in 2022.

Range of Career Options, with Lucrative Salary Possibilities

Whether you want to pursue a career as a forensic science technician, correctional officer, or detective, UHCL's online Criminology and Criminal Justice Master of Arts can prepare you for a variety of criminal justice/criminology careers. First-line supervisor of police and detectives can make more than $100,000 a year.

Invest a Little For a Big Return

*Students receive a tuition and fee break by taking more courses per semester. Use the tuition calculator to compare how tuition and fees vary the more courses you take per semester. The calculated tuition and fee total is an estimate and may be subject to change. Excludes special fees that do not affect all students.

Office of Admissions

Phone: 281-283-2500 Fax: 281-283-2522 Email: [email protected] SSCB 1.101 2700 Bay Area Blvd, Box 13 Houston, TX 77058-1002 Office Hours: Mon-Fri, 8 a.m. - 5 p.m.