law phd ucl

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Law MPhil/PhD

Ucl (university college london), different course options.

• Key information

Course Summary

Tuition fees, entry requirements, university information, similar courses at this uni, key information data source : idp connect, qualification type.

PhD/DPhil - Doctor of Philosophy

Subject areas

Course type.

UCL Laws has a strong international and multidisciplinary research environment, focused around all sixteen of our research centres, institutes and groups. Bringing together outstanding researchers from a wide range of disciplinary backgrounds and jurisdictions, our research centres and institutes nurture individual research, but also actively encourage and support collaboration and partnerships that expand cross-disciplinary research.

Our PhD graduates have entered a wide range of careers including top academic positions in the UK and overseas, international organisations, private sector, NGOs and government.

A graduate from the UCL Laws PhD programme will have developed advanced skills in legal research, analysis and writing, public presentations and in almost all cases teaching at university level. Our graduates are well placed to pursue careers in the global academic world, but the research, analytical and writing skills obtained during the PhD also transfer easily to high level work in government, non-governmental organisations and the commercial sector.

UK fees Course fees for UK students

For this course (per year)

International fees Course fees for EU and international students

A minimum of a good upper second-class UK Bachelor's degree in an appropriate subject, or an overseas qualification of an equivalent standard. We have a strong preference for a recognised LLM or equivalent Master's degree and would normally expect a distinction overall, with evidence of first-class ability (or equivalent) in extended written work/dissertation.

UCL (University College London) is consistently ranked among the top ten universities in the world, conducting leading research across a wide range of subject areas. Throughout its long and prestigious history, it has inspired and educated countless minds and produced 30 Nobel prize recipients. With one campus located in the heart of Bloomsbury and a second campus in vibrant east London, the university is home to around 42,000 students... more

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Law MPhil/PhD UCL (University College London)

Course options

Qualification.

PhD/DPhil - Doctor of Philosophy

UCL (University College London)

• TUITION FEES
• ENTRY REQUIREMENT
• UNIVERSITY INFO

Course summary

UCL Laws has a strong international and multidisciplinary research environment, focused around all sixteen of our research centres, institutes and groups. Bringing together outstanding researchers from a wide range of disciplinary backgrounds and jurisdictions, our research centres and institutes nurture individual research, but also actively encourage and support collaboration and partnerships that expand cross-disciplinary research.

Our PhD graduates have entered a wide range of careers including top academic positions in the UK and overseas, international organisations, private sector, NGOs and government.

A graduate from the UCL Laws PhD programme will have developed advanced skills in legal research, analysis and writing, public presentations and in almost all cases teaching at university level. Our graduates are well placed to pursue careers in the global academic world, but the research, analytical and writing skills obtained during the PhD also transfer easily to high level work in government, non-governmental organisations and the commercial sector.

Tuition fees

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£ 25,900 per year

Tuition fees shown are for indicative purposes and may vary. Please check with the institution for most up to date details.

University information

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UCL (University College London), Gower Street, London, Camden, WC1E 6BT, England

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2nd out of 109 1

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• Submissions
• Editorial Team

About UCL Journal of Law and Jurisprudence

The  UCL Journal of Law and Jurisprudence (UCLJLJ)   is a law journal edited and published by graduate (Masters and PhD) students of UCL Laws. The Journal publishes scholarly contributions from academics, researchers and practitioners, as well as showcasing outstanding research of post-graduate students at UCL. It accepts submissions in all areas of law and jurisprudence, reflecting the diverse and innovative areas of research at UCL Laws, and its distinguished tradition of legal philosophy. The Journal is a generalist publication, but runs occasional themed issues. The Board of Editors assesses all submissions through a double blind peer review. Since 2015, it has been published twice annually and is available through open access.  We do not accept submissions via email.

Find us on social media:   Twitter | Facebook | LinkedIn

Latest News Posts

Call for submissions: volume 13 (summer 2023) now open, posted by tianqi shi on 2024-01-10.

The Editorial Board for the UCL Journal of Law and Jurisprudence (the “Journal”) is pleased to announce a call for submission of papers for Volume 13 of the Journal that will be published in Summer 2024. The Journal is a reputable law journal run by graduate law students from the University College London, Faculty of Laws, and is available through open access.  As with past issues, [...]

Volume 12 • Issue 1 • 2023 • UCL Journal of Law and Jurisprudence

Front Matter

Siyu Bao and Leon Vincent Chan

2023-10-30 Volume 12 • Issue 1 • 2023 • UCL Journal of Law and Jurisprudence • i-iv

Jonathan Chan

2023-10-30 Volume 12 • Issue 1 • 2023 • UCL Journal of Law and Jurisprudence • v-vi

2023-10-30 Volume 12 • Issue 1 • 2023 • UCL Journal of Law and Jurisprudence • vii-viii

A Revisit to Islamic Inter-Polity Legal Theory

Salar Abbasi

2023-10-30 Volume 12 • Issue 1 • 2023 • UCL Journal of Law and Jurisprudence • 1-23

From Defending the ‘Opposite of Property’ to the Fundamental Right to Property: The Case for the Application of Human Rights Law and Philosophy to the International Intellectual Property Regime

Anna-Lisa Lafay

2023-10-30 Volume 12 • Issue 1 • 2023 • UCL Journal of Law and Jurisprudence • 24-41

Rethinking Gender Recognition in Hong Kong and the Way Forward

Vanessa Li Ka Hang

2023-10-30 Volume 12 • Issue 1 • 2023 • UCL Journal of Law and Jurisprudence • 42-72

Preparing Scholars for Distinguished Academic Careers

The most advanced degree program at UCLA Law, the Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.) is designed for those seeking to pursue careers as teachers and scholars of law.

Apply to the SJD Program

The Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.) Degree Program is designed for those seeking to pursue careers as teachers and scholars of law. This highly selective program is open only to applicants who possess a distinguished prior academic record in law, show promise of outstanding scholarship, and demonstrate a high potential for completing a scholarly dissertation of required quality. Applicants must hold a J.D. degree or foreign equivalent and an LL.M. degree (or be enrolled in a program leading to an LL.M. degree).

The S.J.D. Program provides a unique opportunity for outstanding international law graduates to study at the UCLA School of Law. In the sixty years since its foundation, UCLA School of Law has grown to an institution of over 1,000 students and approximately 100 full and part-time faculty members. It is recognized by academic surveys to be among the twenty best law schools in the United States. The school is particularly noted for the unsurpassed expertise of its faculty, whose intellectual strength is balanced by commitments to improved instructional programs and an active recognition of social responsibilities.

UCLA is the premier university in the Los Angeles metropolitan area, a dynamic, cosmopolitan cultural center of more than ten million people. A vital part of the nine-campus University of California system, UCLA has reached national prominence in a variety of disciplines and consistently ranks in the top half-dozen universities in the nation, as judged by its academic peers and in terms of fellowships and grants awarded. UCLA enrolls approximately 45,000 students across 13 schools and colleges, in over 100 academic departments, and in 23 research units. Its 19 libraries, special collections, and archives hold approximately 12 million print and electronic volumes.

Our distinguished law faculty help prepare these students across an extensive range of law subjects -- using a variety of effective and often interdisciplinary approaches to teaching -- for outstanding careers in academia, transactional and litigation practices, government, international and domestic public policy, business, and nonprofit public interest arenas.

Those who ultimately join us can look forward to a promising future for themselves and for those whom they will teach, inform, and represent.

Students in the S.J.D. program must enter with an LL.M. degree, remain in residence for two semesters, and take a minimum of ten units of graded coursework each semester, which must be approved by the supervising faculty member and Graduate Studies Committee. The choice of courses will be from among  those generally offered  at the Law School and will depend on the particular subject matter and course of study approved for each S.J.D. student.

Applicants should bear in mind that, due to curriculum scheduling and faculty availability, not every class listed is taught each year. This is most often true in the case of specialized seminars. The final schedule of law classes will be available shortly before the enrollment process begins in July. The law school academic year begins in the middle of August with a fall semester of 15 weeks. After examinations and vacation in December, classes resume early in January for another 15-week semester that ends in mid-May.

Upon successful completion of the residency requirement and performance in courses at a level substantially above the quality expected of J.D. candidates, the Graduate Studies Committee, following its favorable review of the candidate's course work and of the developed research proposal, shall constitute a doctoral committee. It shall consist of three faculty members, including the student's supervisor and a member from a department outside the Law School. Upon the successful oral defense of the research proposal before the doctoral committee, the Graduate Studies Committee shall admit the student to full candidacy for the S.J.D. degree.

Within two years of the completion of the residency period, unless for exceptional circumstances an extension is granted by the Graduate Studies Committee, a candidate shall submit, and successfully defend in an oral examination, a dissertation in the form of a monograph or series of closely related essays suitable for publication and constituting a substantial contribution to knowledge in its field.

At UCLA Law, S.J.D. students are part of a diverse, vibrant, and thriving international graduate community, comprised of the best and brightest students from around the globe. Our select group of S.J.D. students - alongside members of the LL.M. community – hail from cultures near and far, representing over 30 different countries each year. Upon completion of the program, our students transition into the next phase of their professional careers having developed strong friendships and connections that will last a lifetime. S.J.D. students will also get to know and work closely with our faculty, who are accessible, open and who create a flourishing collegial environment at the law school. As an S.J.D. student, you are in for one of the most intellectually stimulating, memorable, and exciting times of your life, and we look forward to welcoming YOU to the Bruin family.

Suraj Girijashanker is a current S.J.D. candidate at UCLA School of Law. He completed his legal education from the London School of Economics (LL.B.), School of Oriental and African Studies (LL.M.), and Columbia Law School (LL.M.). He is an Assistant Professor at Jindal Global Law School, India and Adjunct Faculty at the Centre for Migration and Refugee Studies at the American University in Cairo, Egypt. Prior to transitioning to academia, he served as a Legal Advisor with the Immigration and Protection Tribunal in New Zealand; Expert on Mission with UNHCR Turkey; Associate Refugee Status Determination Officer with UNHCR Egypt; and Legal Representative at Manus Island Regional Processing Centre in Papua New Guinea. His doctoral project traces imperial and racial narratives in international refugee law, focusing on the nexus between foreign intervention and displacement.

Sofia Grafanaki is a current S.J.D. candidate at UCLA School of Law. She previously earned her Bachelor of Arts in Jurisprudence from the University of Oxford and her LL.M. in Corporation Law at New York University School of Law. She also earned an M.B.A. from Columbia Business School and a second LL.M. in Intellectual Property and Information Law. She is admitted to the New York State bar, as a solicitor of the Senior Courts in London, and as an attorney in Athens, Greece. Grafanaki writes on the implications of big data on individual autonomy and democracy, as well as on speech and the role of the First Amendment in the online environment.

Wietske Merison is a current S.J.D. candidate at UCLA School of Law. She has an interdisciplinary educational background with an LLM in Public International Law from Utrecht University, an MA in Theology and Religious Studies from VU Amsterdam and a BA majoring in International Law, Religion and Anthropology from University College Roosevelt. She previously worked as a lecturer in International and European Law at Utrecht University and is currently employed as a Research Assistant to Professor Abou El Fadl. In her dissertation she will be working on the articulation of an Islamic framework for environmental justice, specializing in the fields of Islamic Law, Environmental Law and International Human Rights Law.

Maria Fernanda Muñoz Rojas is a current S.J.D. candidate at UCLA School of Law. Her research focuses on the regulation of emerging technologies. She obtained her Bachelor of Laws Degree at the University of Chile and her LL.M. at UCLA School of Law. Prior to UCLA, she worked in Chile as an associate attorney at the Antitrust and Regulated Markets group of Carey & Cia. She then worked as a researcher and lecturer for the Center of Competition Law at Adolfo Ibañez University, where she focused her research on competition policy and regulation of digital technologies. At present, she works as a student researcher at the UCLA Institute for Technology, Law & Policy.

Diego Nicolás Pardo Motta is a current S.J.D. candidate at UCLA School of Law. He earned his LL.B. at the Universidad del Rosario (Bogotá, Colombia) with specializations in Administrative and Constitutional Law. Diego then earned a Master’s in Philosophy and a Master’s in Law with an emphasis in legal research from the Universidad de los Andes (Bogotá). Finally, he obtained an LL.M. at UCLA School of Law with specializations in Law & Philosophy, International & Comparative Law, and Human Rights. Diego has served as a Public Worker for the Government of Bogotá, a Law Clerk at the Colombian Council of State, and a Lecturer at the Universidad El Bosque and Universidad del Rosario. His research is focused on the philosophical, historical, and comparative significance of the Consultive Function of the Council of State.

Marina Reis is a current S.J.D. candidate at UCLA School of Law. She previously earned her LL.B. from Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil with a concentration in criminal law and an LL.M. from UCLA Law. While a student, Reis worked at UCLA's Prison Education Program  and was involved in the development of an academic curriculum for incarcerated persons in California. Reis currently works as a research assistant at the African American Policy Forum. Her research uses an intersectional lens to analyze gender-based violence in Brazil and the United States. She is particularly interested in investigating the (in)effectiveness of colorblind legislation to combat gender-based violence and the protection of women of color.

Alessia Zornetta is a current S.J.D candidate at UCLA School of Law. She is affiliated with the UCLA Institute for Technology, Law & Policy. Alessia obtained her LL.B at the University of Trento (Italy) and her LL.M at McGill University (Canada). Prior to UCLA, she worked as external researcher for the Institute for Legal Informatics at the University of Saarland (Germany). At present, she works as a student researcher at the UCLA Institute for Technology, Law & Policy and as graduate research assistant at the McGill Centre for Media, Technology & Democracy (Canada). Her research focuses mainly on platform governance, content moderation, privacy and data protection. During the S.J.D. program, Alessia will focus on the legal challenges concerning end-to-end encrypted platforms.

Hilal Elver is a 2009 graduate of the S.J.D. program at UCLA School of Law. She earned her J.D. as well as a Ph.D. in Law from the University of Ankara. During the S.J.D. program, her work was focused on the Critical Race Studies program and comparative constitutional law. She published her S.J.D. thesis: The Headscarf Controversy: Secularism and Freedom of Religion (New York, NY: Oxford University Press, 2012). She was a member of the Academic Council of the UN Least Developed Countries as well as a member of the official delegation of Turkey's UN Climate Change Framework Convention. Elver taught in the UC Santa Barbara Global Studies department until she was appointed by the United Nations Human Rights Council as the Special Rapporteur on the Right to Food. She held this position from 2014 until May 2020. She is currently in the process of writing a book on the right to food and food policies on a global level.

Willmai Rivera-Pérez is a 2011 graduate of the S.J.D. program at UCLA School of Law. She earned her Bachelor of Arts in Political Science and J.D. from the University of Puerto Rico in Río Piedras. In 2006 she earned her LL.M. from UC Berkeley School of Law. Her doctoral dissertation explored the role that the international human rights discourse has had in the adoption and development of the direct application of constitutional norms to relations arising from disputes between private parties in Latin America. Rivera-Pérez practiced as an attorney at Marchand Quintero Law Offices focusing on First Amendment litigation. She also clerked for Associate Justice Antonio S. Negrón García at the Puerto Rico Supreme Court. Rivera-Pérez is currently the Kendall Vick Endowed Professor of Public Law at the Southern University Law Center, where she teaches constitutional law, federal jurisdiction, federal civil procedure, succession, donations, and comparative law.

Martin Petrin is a 2011 graduate of the S.J.D. program at UCLA School of Law. Petrin earned his LL.M. from Columbia University and a Ph.D. from the University of St. Gallen. During his time at UCLA, Petrin worked on corporate directors' and officers' liability, exploring various aspects of managers' liability towards shareholders as well as third parties. Petrin previously practiced law with a leading international business law firm and is admitted to the bar in New York and Switzerland. He has been a visiting professor at NYU London and a visiting scholar at the University of Cambridge and the Max Planck Institute for Comparative and Private Law in Hamburg. He is currently the Dancap Private Equity Chair in Corporate Governance at Western University in Canada, having moved there from University College London in the UK, where he served as Associate Professor and Vice Dean (Innovation).

Astrid Liliana Sánchez-Mejía is a 2015 graduate of the S.J.D. program at UCLA School of Law. She earned her law degree from Javeriana University, Colombia and her LL.M. from Los Andes University, Colombia. She earned another LL.M. in legal theory from New York University. During her time at UCLA, her research examined the effects of adversarial criminal justice reforms on victims' rights by specifically analyzing the Colombian criminal justice reform of the early 2000s. She published her thesis: Victims' Rights in Flux: Criminal Justice Reform in Colombia, (new York, NY: Springer, 2017). Sánchez-Mejía has taught at various universities and training centers for state representatives in Colombia and Latin America. She is currently a Professor of Law at Javeriana University, Colombia.

Sumit Baudh is a 2016 graduate of the S.J.D. program at UCLA School of Law. He earned his Bachelor of Arts and LL.B. from the National Law School of India University, Bangalore and graduated with honors. He earned his LL.M. from the London School of Economics. Baudh is qualified to practice law in India and enrolled as a solicitor n.p. with the Law Society in England and Wales. He was formerly an assistant professor at the National Law School of India University, Bangalore. As an independent consultant, Baudh has advised national and international organizations including the U.S.-based Arcus Foundation, the United Nations Development Program, the Commonwealth Human Rights Initiative, and the Government of India (among others). Currently, he is a Visiting Scholar, The Center for International and Comparative Law at Emory Law School.

Catarina Prata is a 2017 graduate of the S.J.D. program at UCLA School of Law. She earned her first law degree with a specialization in international law and a Master's degree in International Legal Sciences, both from the New University of Lisbon in Portugal. Prata was a Fulbright Scholar at New York University School of Law, where she obtained her LL.M. degree with a specialization in International Legal Studies. Prata conducted her research on the law of armed conflicts. She focused on private security and military companies and the possible alternatives for their regulation under international law. Prata has worked for Amnesty International in Portugal as a research and advocacy coordinator, and she currently works as a consultant in her field of expertise.

Yang Liu is a 2018 graduate of the S.J.D. program at UCLA School of Law. Liu previously earned law degrees from Harvard Law School and Tsinghua University, China. His doctoral dissertation focused on judicial politics within and among international courts. Liu also clerked at the International Court of Justice (ICJ). Liu continues to research the judicial politics of international courts, theory and history of international law, and comparative foreign relations law. He currently serves as an assistant professor at Renmin University of China Law School, where he teaches international law and comparative politics.

Ricardo Lillo is a 2020 graduate of the S.J.D. program at UCLA School of Law. Lillo earned his LL.B. from Universidad Diego Portales School of Law in Santiago, Chile. He also earned his LL.M. in Public Interest Law and Policy from UCLA. His doctoral thesis explored the relation between the right to a fair trial and access to justice, and he proposed a new theoretical approach for its understanding in non-criminal matters. Lillo served as a Hoffenberg Research Fellow and as a fellow at UCLA's Transnational Program on Criminal Justice. Lillo is currently a faculty member at Universidad Adolfo Ibañez School of Law, where he teaches procedural law, and is a member of the Law and Society Research Centre.

Qin Xia is a 2020 graduate of the S.J.D. program at UCLA School of Law. She previously earned her LL.B. with a minor in English Literature from Beijing Foreign Studies University and her LL.M. from the University of Michigan. Xia also earned another master's degree in international economic law from Beijing Foreign Studies University. During her time in the S.J.D. program, she focused her studies on information disclosure and investor protection in the securities markets. Xia is admitted as an attorney in China and is also admitted to the New York State bar. Prior to coming to UCLA, she practiced as a corporate attorney with China Orient Asset Management Corporation. Xia later joined Nanjing University Law School as an assistant professor.

Andrés Caicedo is a 2021 graduate of the S.J.D. program at UCLA School of Law, and he is a Fulbright Scholar. He earned his first law degree from Rosario University in Colombia. Caicedo also holds an LL.M. with a specialization in Critical Race Studies from UCLA School of Law, as well as a Master of Public Law from Charles III University of Madrid in Spain. He has worked as a law professor at two universities in Colombia, teaching human rights, constitutional law and sociology of law. During his time in the S.J.D. program, his research focused on issues related to Critical Race Theory, affirmative action, civil rights, equality, constitutional law, and human rights. His doctoral thesis focused on Critical Race Theory and race-conscious remedies to address racial subordination in Colombia.

Zezen Zaenal Mutaqin is a 2021 graduate of the S.J.D. program at UCLA School of Law. He previously earned his LL.B from the State Islamic University Jakarta School of Shari'a and Law and his LL.M from Melbourne University School of Law. Prior to the S.J.D. program, Mutaqin worked for the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) as an assistant to the Asia Pacific Adviser on Humanitarian Affairs and a lecturer at UIN. During the S.J.D. program he focused his studies on the interpretation, articulation, and enforcement of Islamic jus in bello (Islamic law regulation on the use force) and its relation to international humanitarian law. He is now head of the Master Degree Program in the Faculty of Islamic Studies at the Universitas Islam Internasional Indonesia.

Bryan Hance is a 2022 graduate of the S.J.D. program at UCLA School of Law. He previously earned his Bachelor of Arts degree from UCLA, his J.D. from Pepperdine University School of Law, and his LL.M. degree from UCLA School of Law. Hance clerked for Justice Edward Panelli of the California Supreme Court. Previously, he taught at Glendale University College of Law in Los Angeles and was a partner at the law firm of Lewis Brisbois Bisgaard & Smith, where he handled litigation and transactional matters. He also served as Associate General Counsel at Pepperdine University and as Executive Director of the Center for Conflict Resolution, where he handled training, arbitrations, and mediations. In addition to his law practice, Hance  serves as a professor and program director of the pre-law and paralegal studies programs at National University in San Diego.

Qin Sky Ma is a 2023 graduate of the S.J.D. program at UCLA School of Law. Ma earned her J.D. from Tsinghua University in China and her LL.M. from UCLA School of Law with a specialization in international and comparative law. Ma passed the Chinese Bar Exam and worked as an assistant lawyer for several Chinese defense attorneys. As a student, Ma served as one of the executive editors for the Journal of International Law and Foreign Affairs at UCLA. She was a judicial extern at the California Court of Appeal, Second Appellate District in 2017. Ma taught criminal procedure at a local high school in Los Angeles through the UCLA Street Law Clinic. Ma is focusing her studies on comparative criminal justice and the international justice system.

Hazim Alnemari is a 2024 graduate of the S.J.D. program at UCLA School of Law. In addition to his classical training in Islamic law, Alnemari earned his LL.B. from Taif University and his LL.M. from the University of Washington. He is an academic and legal counselor as well as a lecturer in constitutional law at the Islamic University of Madinah. Alnemari's research focuses on constitutionalism in Arab monarchies by tackling the intersection of law, religion, and monarchy. His research covers areas of comparative constitutional law, constitutional theory, political theory, and jurisprudence.

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Ucl (university college london): law.

Full-Time, 10 months starts Sep 2024

The Master of Laws (LLM) programme provides an ideal opportunity for you to acquire or develop your expertise in specialist legal subject areas informed by world-class, research-led teaching. An LLM is an excellent way for you to advance a career in law. **Modular (flexible) students - Some postgraduate taught and MRes programmes are available on a modular basis. Modular study lasts between 2 and 5 years. This is different to a part-time study which lasts for a fixed period.**

Part-Time, 2 years starts Sep 2024

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Master of philosophy - mphil, full-time, 3 years starts sep 2024.

UCL Laws has one of the most selective MPhil/PhD programmes in the UK, and produces graduates of internationally recognised quality. Ranked the top UK Law institution for research quality in the most recent Research Excellence Framework (2021), UCL Laws attracts leading figures in the field to our extensive programme of events, informing debate on critical legal issues.

Part-Time, 5 years starts Sep 2024

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Part-Time, 5 years started Sep 2023

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For a real-world advantage, study at a world-class university and your Master’s will take you further.  Studying a graduate degree at UCL gives you a deeper understanding of your chosen field and the opportunity to develop the cultural fluency and global outlook that are prized in today’s job market. You will be part of the ninth best university in the world, The Times and The Sunday Times University of the Year 2024, and the university in London that is most targeted by graduate employers*. You’ll join courses led by world-renowned experts and shaped by collaborations with …

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This three-year programme combines theory and research with practical application and skills-based training. Students may also have the opportunity, after year two, to extend their studies by a year and spend part of their degree studying abroad in the USA, Australia or Singapore. No previous knowledge of law is assumed or required.

Key Information

Programme starts, entry requirements, contextual offer, additional tests, uk applicants qualifications.

For entry requirements with other UK qualifications accepted by UCL, choose your qualification from the list below:

Equivalent qualification

Not acceptable for entrance to this programme

Pass in Access to HE Diploma, with a minimum of 28 credits awarded with Distinction in the Level 3 units, the remainder of the Level 3 units awarded with Merit.

D2,D3,D3 in three Cambridge Pre-U Principal Subjects

A1,A,A at Advanced Highers (or A1,A at Advanced Higher and A,A,A at Higher)

Successful completion of the WBQ Advanced Skills Challenge Certificate plus two GCE A-Levels at grades A*AA.

International applications

In addition to A level and International Baccalaureate, UCL considers a wide range of international qualifications for entry to its undergraduate degree programmes.

English language requirements

If your education has not been conducted in the English language, you will be expected to demonstrate evidence of an adequate level of English proficiency. Information about the evidence required, acceptable qualifications and test providers can be found on our English language requirements page.

The English language level for this programme is: Advanced

A variety of English language programmes are offered at the UCL Centre for Languages & International Education .

Degree benefits

You will be taught by distinguished academics who are cutting-edge researchers in their fields. Their knowledge of law and their significant experience and influence will enrich your learning.

Transfer may be possible to the four-year joint LLB/JD degree (where years three and four are spent at the University of Columbia, New York) or the Law with Another Legal System LLB, where year three is spent at the University of New South Wales in Australia or the National University of Singapore.

This degree is recognised by the Bar Standards Board and the Solicitors Regulation Authority. If you graduate from this degree you will be exempted from the academic stage of professional qualification.

All UCL Laws undergraduate programmes are recognised as qualifying law degrees (QLDs) by the two main legal professional bodies— the Bar Standards Board and the Solicitors Regulation Authority— for the purpose of exemption from the academic stage of their professional examinations.

Degree structure

In each year of your degree you will take a number of individual modules, normally valued at 15 or 30 credits, adding up to a total of 120 credits for the year. Modules are assessed in the academic year in which they are taken. The balance of compulsory and optional modules varies from programme to programme and year to year. A 30-credit module is considered equivalent to 15 credits in the European Credit Transfer System (ECTS).

In the first year of the programme, following an introduction to legal method, you will study compulsory modules in Public Law, Contract Law, Property I and Criminal Law. Progression to the second year of study is contingent upon passing all first-year examinations.

In the second year you will take four more compulsory modules: Tort, Property II, EU and Human Rights Law, and Jurisprudence. As in the first year, progression to the final year is contingent upon passing all second-year examinations.

In the final year, you will choose four subjects from the list of optional modules. One of them could be a research essay on a legal subject of your choice, subject to approval by the department.

An indicative guide to the structure of this programme, year by year.

Core or compulsory module(s)

Contract Law Criminal Law Property Law I Public Law

Optional modules

All first-year modules are compulsory.

European Union Law Jurisprudence and Legal Theory Property Law II Tort Law

All second-year modules are compulsory.

All final-year modules are optional.

You will select four modules from options which may include:

Access to Justice and Community Engagement Alternative Dispute Resolution Commercial Law Company Law Conflict of Laws Corporate Insolvency Law Crime and Criminal Justice Criminology Employment Law Environmental Law Family Law History of English Law Intellectual Property Law Law of Evidence Law of Taxation Lawyers: Practice and Ethics Medicine, Ethics and the Law Public International Law Research Essay Roman Law Unjust Enrichment

Your learning

You will be taught through a combination of lectures, seminars, and tutorials with eight students. We encourage substantial student participation and class discussion in seminars and tutorials, on the basis of prepared work. Considerable emphasis is placed on small-group teaching where you will benefit from individual attention and advice.

You are required to pass written examinations each year for most modules. In some cases an essay also counts towards the final module mark.

Detailed module descriptions are available on the department website: Law LLB .

As a law student you will be encouraged to develop a critical awareness of how the law works and how it may be changed, to sharpen your powers of reasoning, and to develop both the technical expertise to solve legal problems and the capacity to determine whether a solution is fair and just.

The wide range of skills and subjects learned throughout your degree open up many opportunities when you graduate. Many UCL Laws graduates move directly to further vocational study and train to become solicitors or barristers. Recent graduates have also chosen employment in government, political service and commercial management. Some have selected to undertake further academic study. 

UCL is commited to helping you get the best start after graduation. Read more about how UCL Careers and UCL Innovation and Enterprise can help you find employment or learn about entrepreneurship .

Student view

“ At UCL Laws, I have interacted with and learnt from leading academics and barristers. The lecturers and tutors at UCL are the ones who write our textbooks, are mentioned in leading judgments, and are frequently cited by the media. ” Godwin Tan Gelun - Law LLB Third Year

Fees and funding

Tuition fees.

The fees indicated are for undergraduate entry in the 2019/20 academic year. The UK/EU fees shown are for the first year of the programme at UCL only. Fees for future years may be subject to an inflationary increase. The Overseas fees shown are the fees that will be charged to 2019/20 entrants for each year of study on the programme, unless otherwise indicated below.

Full details of UCL's tuition fees, tuition fee policy and potential increases to fees can be found on the UCL Students website .

Additional costs

If you are concerned by potential additional costs for books, equipment, etc. on this programme, please get in touch with the relevant departmental contact (details given on this page).

Various funding options are available, including student loans, scholarships and bursaries. UK students whose household income falls below a certain level may also be eligible for a non-repayable bursary or for certain scholarships. Please see the Fees and funding pages for more details.

For a full list of departmental scholarships available in Law, please visit our website for full information  

Departmental scholarships

Funding opportunities relevant to the department may appear in this section when they are available. Please check carefully or confirm with the programme contact to ensure they apply to this degree programme.

M&N Scholarship

The Scholarships and Funding website lists scholarships and funding schemes available to UCL students. These may be open to all students, or restricted to specific nationalities, regions or academic department.

Application and next steps

Your application.

We are seeking dedicated candidates who have an aptitude for exploring arguments and ideas. Your ability to formulate and express thoughts and opinions is critical, as is a demonstration of the reasoning skills that are at the heart of a legal education. You should possess an informed interest in current affairs and the world around you.

How to apply

Application for admission should be made through UCAS (the Universities and Colleges Admissions Service). Applicants currently at school or college will be provided with advice on the process; however, applicants who have left school or who are based outside the United Kingdom may obtain information directly from UCAS.

Application deadline: 15 January 2019

• Apply through UCAS
• Application guidelines

Candidates will be assessed through their UCAS applications, the National Admissions Test for Law (LNAT) and, in some cases, by interview. You are required to take the LNAT as soon as possible after submitting your UCAS application and no later than 20 January in the year in which you are applying. Applicants must link LNAT registration details to UCL.

Although your proven academic achievements are important, a detailed knowledge of law is not required. Demonstration of your perseverance in past achievements (e.g. in your academic work) along with a strong, genuine and intelligent motivation for studying law will contribute to your successful admission to UCL.

For further information on UCL's selection process see: Selection of students .

• Request a printed prospectus
• Download prospectus

PhD Studentship in Private International Law at University College London

We particularly welcome applications with research proposals that fall within our areas of interest, which are broad and include the following sub-topics within private international law: protection of weaker parties; environmental protection; business and human rights; sustainable development; digital technology; party autonomy; the relationship between public and private international law; private international law theory and/or methodology; colonialism; and private international law issues in arbitration and foreign relations law.

More information about UCL Faculty of Laws, our PhD programme, the process of applying and the scholarship is available here , here and here . Applicants should apply through the normal UCL Faculty of Laws PhD application process. All applicants within the relevant subject areas will be considered, but we recommend that applicants also specify in their application that they wish to be considered for these scholarships. The deadline date for applications for the 2024/25 academic year is 16 November 2023.

Prospective students are welcome to get in touch with either myself at [email protected] or Professor Mills at [email protected] .

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CONTACT US Association Européenne de droit international privé European Association of Private International Law 4 Rue Alphonse Weicker, L-2721 Luxembourg

THE SECRETARY GENERAL [email protected]

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Climate Change MSc

London, Bloomsbury

There is a pressing national and international need to understand the nature and consequences of climatic change and to develop adaptation strategies. The Climate Change MSc provides rigorous scientific and vocational training for the next generation of climate change professionals.

UK tuition fees (2024/25)

Overseas tuition fees (2024/25), programme starts, applications accepted.

Applications closed

Applications open

• Entry requirements

A minimum of an upper second-class Bachelor's degree in a relevant subject (such as environmental science, geography, oceanography, biology, chemistry, physics or engineering) from a UK university, or an overseas qualification of an equivalent standard. Applicants with relevant professional experience in climate science or environmental management will also be considered.

The English language level for this programme is: Level 4

UCL Pre-Master's and Pre-sessional English courses are for international students who are aiming to study for a postgraduate degree at UCL. The courses will develop your academic English and academic skills required to succeed at postgraduate level.

Further information can be found on our English language requirements page.

Equivalent qualifications

Country-specific information, including details of when UCL representatives are visiting your part of the world, can be obtained from the International Students website .

International applicants can find out the equivalent qualification for their country by selecting from the list below. Please note that the equivalency will correspond to the broad UK degree classification stated on this page (e.g. upper second-class). Where a specific overall percentage is required in the UK qualification, the international equivalency will be higher than that stated below. Please contact Graduate Admissions should you require further advice.

About this degree

The programme provides you with a knowledge and understanding of the Earth system (incorporating the atmosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere, lithosphere) and the nature and causes of climate variability and change. It combines observationally based climate and environmental science with state-of-the-art modelling, specifically concerned with understanding the impacts of climate change. It seeks to place climate change within the context of broader anthropogenic environmental change and social policy dimensions.

Who this course is for

The programme is suitable for students with a geographical or scientific background who are interested in acquiring a thorough understanding of the Earth's climate system and techniques for measuring and modelling its variability.

What this course will give you

As one of the world's top universities, UCL excels across the natural sciences, social sciences and humanities. The MSc is run by UCL Geography, which enjoys an outstanding international reputation for its research and teaching.

The Climate Change MSc benefits from the world-class expertise of the department across several disciplines, offering a distinctive blend of fundamental climate science, environmental modelling, impacts and adaptations, delivered from both natural and social science perspectives.

By bringing together students and researchers we aim to create a vibrant and informal academic environment of mutual discovery and ongoing debate.

The foundation of your career

The programme provides an ideal foundation for PhD research, or for employment with a wide range of private industries, non-governmental organisations, government agencies and environmental consultancies. Graduates have gone on to careers in the commercial, non-profit and academic sectors. Examples include government policy implementation, sustainability consultancy, science communication and research. A significant proportion of students go onto further study such as a PhD.

Employability

Climate change is a big issue with many governmental, non-governmental and commercial consequences. This programme will give graduates an edge when applying for jobs in the private sector relating to adaptation and mitigation - such as the insurance industry and carbon monitoring companies respectively. It also provides a great stepping-stone to a PhD.

Students will benefit from the expertise of our world-class researchers and due to the inter-disciplinary nature of our work, you can develop your knowledge across subjects, learning from academics not only in Geography but the wider UCL community as well. The department also hosts annual careers events where alumni share their experience of post-graduation training and employment across the wide variety of opportunities available to geography graduates.

Teaching and learning

The programme is delivered through lectures, seminars and computer practicals. Students can also choose modules which are delivered through laboratory work and field studies .

The programme is delivered through a combination of lectures, seminars, tutorials and laboratory and computer-based practical classes. Assessment is through independent project work, presentations, practical-based and written coursework aimed at a variety of audiences, and the dissertation.

Each 15 credit module involves 150 learning hours per module. This includes in-person time (such as lectures or practicals), online materials (such as pre-recorded lectures and written documents), independent study, peer-to-peer learning, tutorial support, and assessment and assessment preparation. In general, the in-person contact time will consist of a two-hour session per module in each week of term. This will be supplemented by online contact hours, and voluntary in-person activities including research seminars and assessment and feedback hours.

A Postgraduate Diploma (120 credits, full-time nine months) is offered. A Postgraduate Certificate (60 credits, full-time 12 weeks, part-time one year) is offered.

You will undertake eight taught modules and a research dissertation.

Full time structure: Term 1: You will take four modules to give you a knowledge of the fundamental science of climate change. These are Climate Dynamics (GEOG0118), Adaptation and Mitigation of Climate Change (GEOG0044), and two from Models in Environmental Science (GEOG0109), Past Climates (GEOG0120) and Tropical Futures (GEOG0159). Modules contain a variety of teaching methods including lectures, seminars, computer practicals and interactive group exercises. Term 2: You will take four optional modules from the available list of modules (with a minimum of 30 credits from the Department of Geography), the modules contain a variety of teaching methods including lectures, seminars, laboratory work and computer practicals. Term 3: The dissertation planning commences in Term 2 with the research and writing conducted in Term 3 and the summer with submission at the end of August.

You will undertake eight taught modules and the research dissertation.

Part time structure:

Year 1: In Term 1, you will take two modules from the list of five available for full-time students.  In Term 2 you will take two optional modules.  In Term 3 and over the summer, you will be supported to commence work on your dissertation. Year 2: In Term 1, you will take a different two modules from the list of five available for full-time students.  In Term 2, you will take two further optional modules.  In Term 3 and over the summer, you will complete the research dissertation.

Compulsory modules

Optional modules.

Please note that the list of modules given here is indicative. This information is published a long time in advance of enrolment and module content and availability are subject to change. Modules that are in use for the current academic year are linked for further information. Where no link is present, further information is not yet available.

Students undertake modules to the value of 180 credits. Upon successful completion of 180 credits, you will be awarded an MSc in Climate Change. Upon successful completion of 120 credits, you will be awarded a PG Dip in Climate Change. Upon successful completion of 60 credits, you will be awarded a PG Cert in Climate Change.

Accessibility

Details of the accessibility of UCL buildings can be obtained from AccessAble accessable.co.uk . Further information can also be obtained from the UCL Student Support and Wellbeing team .

Fees and funding

Fees for this course.

The tuition fees shown are for the year indicated above. Fees for subsequent years may increase or otherwise vary. Where the programme is offered on a flexible/modular basis, fees are charged pro-rata to the appropriate full-time Master's fee taken in an academic session. Further information on fee status, fee increases and the fee schedule can be viewed on the UCL Students website: ucl.ac.uk/students/fees .

Additional costs

Students produce a poster for the final dissertation presentation (additional printing costs: approximately £20). Should students opt for modules with field trips (such as GEOG0176 Field Evidence of Environmental Change ), they will need to cover these costs.   Please note that the cost of the field class to students will be in the region of £600

For more information on additional costs for prospective students please go to our estimated cost of essential expenditure at Accommodation and living costs .

Funding your studies

For a comprehensive list of the funding opportunities available at UCL, including funding relevant to your nationality, please visit the Scholarships and Funding website .

Aziz Foundation Scholarships in Social and Historical Sciences

Value: Full tuition fees (equivalent to 1yr full-time) (1yr) Criteria Based on financial need Eligibility: UK

Brown Family Bursary

NOW CLOSED FOR 2024/25 ENTRY Value: £15,000 (1 year) Criteria Based on financial need Eligibility: UK

Students are advised to apply as early as possible due to competition for places. Those applying for scholarship funding (particularly overseas applicants) should take note of application deadlines.

There is an application processing fee for this programme of £90 for online applications and £115 for paper applications. Further information can be found at Application fees .

When we assess your application we would like to learn:

• why you want to study climate change
• why you want to study MSc Climate Change at UCL
• what particularly attracts you to this programme
• how your academic and/or professional background meets the demands of a challenging academic environment
• where you would like to go professionally with your degree

Together with essential academic requirements, the personal statement is your opportunity to illustrate whether your reasons for applying to this programme match what the programme will deliver.

Please note that you may submit applications for a maximum of two graduate programmes (or one application for the Law LLM) in any application cycle.

Choose your programme

Please read the Application Guidance before proceeding with your application.

Year of entry: 2024-2025

Got questions get in touch.

[email protected]

UCL is regulated by the Office for Students .

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LLM Postgraduate Laws

Page contents

• 1 Introduction
• 2 Key features
• 3 Teaching Centre Support
• 4 Course overview
• 5 Key dates
• 6 Admissions
• 7 Fees, funding and payment
• 8 Career opportunities
• 9 What our students say

You are reading:

Course information>

December 2024

With this world-class flexible Law degree, you could achieve your LLM without a prior degree and choose to specialise in one of 32 areas or select from 68 courses for a general award.

Key features

Learn from the experts.

Academic direction for the degree is provided jointly by Queen Mary University of London and UCL, both of which are ranked in the top 10 Law departments in the UK (2022 QS World University Rankings).

You can choose what you study

You can pursue this LLM degree without specific specialisation and select from 68 offered courses, or you can choose to specialise in one of 32 areas.

Open to non-law graduates

You can achieve your LLM even without a prior degree, via our three possible entry points: the Postgraduate Certificate, the Postgraduate Diploma, and the LLM. Even if you choose not to undertake the full LLM, you can gain a respected postgraduate qualification in law.

Study flexibly online

With up to five years to complete the programme, you can spread the cost of your degree and continue working full time. With no relocation costs, studying for a University of London degree by distance learning can represent a more affordable option than studying on campus.

Worldwide relevance

Gain advanced knowledge of legal issues for careers in law, government, banking and financial services, national and international corporations, regional and international organisations, shipping, the media, human rights and more.

Enhance your employability skills

Throughout this LLM you will be developing and strengthening the Global Employability Skills, highlighted by the University of London Careers Service, that will help you to progress your career. Each of the 32 different specialisms can be mapped against these key skills which you can showcase to employers.

Teaching Centre Support

Course overview, programme structure, modules and specification show.

Each course is divided into four modules (each assessed separately). Often we recommend the order to take modules to help you study the course effectively.

To complete the qualifications, you must take the following number of courses and modules:

• PGCert –  Five  modules from  up to four  courses.
• PGDip –  10  modules from up to four courses.
• Master of Laws (LLM) –  16  modules from  four  courses.
• Download the Programme Specification
• View the Programme Regulations

Progress through your awards

Once you complete the requirements of the PGCert or PGDip, you may progress to the higher award (PGDip or LLM) and simply complete the additional modules necessary to achieve the higher award.

Courses available Show

Admiralty law (Open modal with additional information) (LWM01)

Advanced contract law (Open modal with additional information) (LWM83)

Advanced torts (Open modal with additional information) (LWM82)

Applicable laws and procedures in international commercial arbitration (Open modal with additional information) (LWM03)

Carriage of goods by sea (Open modal with additional information) (LWM05)

Commercial banking law: bank customer relationship (Open modal with additional information) (LWM72)

Commercial trusts law (Open modal with additional information) (LWM06)

Comparative criminal justice policy (Open modal with additional information) (LWM07)

Constitutional and institutional law of the European Union (Open modal with additional information) (LWM08)

Corporate finance and management issues in company law (Open modal with additional information) (LWM09)

Corporate governance and compliance (Open modal with additional information) (LWM80)

Derivatives Law (Open modal with additional information) (LWM75)

Dispute resolution – resolving civil claims in England and Wales (Open modal with additional information) (LWM88)

Equity and trusts in context (Open modal with additional information) (LWM10)

European union competition law (Open modal with additional information) (LWM11)

European convention on Human Rights (Open modal with additional information) (LWM12)

European internal market (Open modal with additional information) (LWM13)

External relations law of the European Union (Open modal with additional information) (LWM55)

FinTech: Law and regulation (Open modal with additional information) (LWM85)

Foundational and constitutional issues in company law (Open modal with additional information) (LWM15)

Franchising law (Open modal with additional information) (LWM16)

Human rights of women (Open modal with additional information) (LWM19)

Industrial and intellectual property (Open modal with additional information) (LWM20)

Insurance law (excluding Marine insurance law) (Open modal with additional information) (LWM22)

Intellectual property and medicine (Open modal with additional information) (LWM23)

Intellectual property and sport (Open modal with additional information) (LWM63)

Intellectual property on the internet (Open modal with additional information) (LWM24)

International and comparative bank regulation (Open modal with additional information) (LWM64)

International and comparative competition law (Open modal with additional information) (LWM25)

International and comparative law of patents, trade secrets and related rights (Open modal with additional information) (LWM27)

International and comparative law of trade marks, designs and unfair competition (Open modal with additional information) (LWM28)

International and comparative trust law (Open modal with additional information) (LWM29)

International commercial insurance law (Open modal with additional information) (LWM70)

International criminal law and procedure (Open modal with additional information) (LWM87)

International economic law (Open modal with additional information) (LWM31)

International environmental law (Open modal with additional information) (LWM32)

International investment law (Open modal with additional information) (LWM33)

International law of the sea (Open modal with additional information) (LWM34)

International merger control (Open modal with additional information) (LWM57)

International natural resources law (Open modal with additional information) (LWM74)

International refugee law (Open modal with additional information) (LWM60)

International trade law (Open modal with additional information) (LWM36)

International rights of the child (Open modal with additional information) (LWM35)

Jurisprudence and legal theory - a new approach (Open modal with additional information) (LWM41)

Law and policy of international courts and tribunals (Open modal with additional information) (LWM38)

Law of international finance: syndicated loans (Open modal with additional information) (LWM66)

Law of international taxation (Open modal with additional information) (LWM81)

Law of financial crime (Open modal with additional information) (LWM17)

Law of international project finance (Open modal with additional information) (LWM78)

Law of treaties (Open modal with additional information) (LWM54)

Law on investment entities (Open modal with additional information) (LWM77)

Legislation and statutory interpretation (Open modal with additional information) (LWM79)

Marine insurance law (Open modal with additional information) (LWM39)

Maritime dispute settlement (Open modal with additional information) (LWM84)

Medical law and ethics (Open modal with additional information) (LWM56)

Modern copyright law (Open modal with additional information) (LWM90)

Multinational enterprises and the law (Open modal with additional information) (LWM40)

Private international law in international commercial litigation (Open modal with additional information) (LWM67)

Private law aspects of the law of finance (Open modal with additional information) (LWM69)

Regulation and infrastructure of international commercial arbitration (Open modal with additional information) (LWM42)

Russian law and legal institutions (Open modal with additional information) (LWM44)

Securities law (Open modal with additional information) (LWM71)

Taxation principles and policy (Open modal with additional information) (LWM47)

Telecommunications law (Open modal with additional information) (LWM48)

Transfer of technology law (Open modal with additional information) (LWM49)

United Nations protection of human rights (Open modal with additional information) (LWM61)

Western European legal history (Open modal with additional information) (LWM50)

World trade law (Open modal with additional information) (LWM51)

Youth justice (Open modal with additional information) (LWM52)

Specialisations Show

Choose from 33 specialisations.

If you choose to specialise, you need to study a minimum number of courses or modules within your specialist pathway. The number depends on the qualification you are working towards:

• PGCert (a total of five modules) - At least four  modules from  one  specialisation * .
• PGDip (a total of 10 modules) – At least eight  modules from  one  specialisation.
• LLM (a total of 16 modules from four courses) – At least three complete courses  (12 modules) from  one  specialisation.

* The exception to the rule above is for the PGCert specialisation in Financial sanctions for which you need to study five modules from a list of eight modules falling under the specialisation.

You can decide on any specialisation you wish to take after you register.

If you complete a specialisation, this is outlined on your certificate (for example, ‘Master of Laws in the specialisation: Computer and Communications Law').

Specialisations available:

Banking and finance law show, the list of courses that fall into this specialisation are set out below:, commercial and corporate law show, common law show, comparative and foreign law show, competition law show, the list of courses that fall in this specialisation is set out below:, computer and communications law show, corporate and securities law show, criminology and criminal justice show, economic regulation show, environmental and natural resources law show.

Please note that modules of the International law of the sea (LWM34) course cannot be taken in conjunction with modules of the Maritime dispute settlement (LWM84) course.  

Equity and trusts Show

Family law show, the list of courses that fall in this specialisation is set out below., european law show, financial sanctions show.

The Financial sanctions specialisation is only available with the PGCert.

Financial sanctions (Open modal with additional information)

Financial services law Show

Human rights law show, insurance law show, intellectual property law show, international business law show, international criminal justice show, international dispute resolution show.

Please note that modules of the International law of the sea (LWM34) course cannot be taken in conjunction with modules of the Maritime dispute settlement (LWM84) course. 

International intellectual property law Show

The list of courses that fall in this specialisation is set out below, international justice show, law and development show, legal theory and history show, maritime law show.

Please note that modules of the International law of the sea (LWM34) course cannot be taken in conjunction with modules of the Maritime dispute settlement (LWM84) course.

Media Law Show

Medicine and the law show, procedural law show, public international law show, public law show, sports law show.

The Sports law specialisation is only available with the PGCert.

Tax law Show

How you study show.

The programme is offered online and is fully supported by a Virtual Learning Environment (VLE). You study at a time and pace that suits you (subject to course-specific deadlines) using the study materials provided, and revision forums from academic staff.

Study materials

You have access to study materials developed by academics from Queen Mary, University of London (QMUL) and University College London (UCL). These include a Postgraduate Laws Handbook with practical information; Programme Regulations, Study Guides written for your chosen modules; a comprehensive skills guide; and past exam papers, examiners' commentaries and sample scripts, which give you valuable insights into how to perform well in exams.

Online support

When you register, we will give you access to your Student Portal . You can then access your University of London email account and other key resources: 

• The Student Portal with the University's 'Ask a Question' contact form, and an interactive student induction to prepare you for study.
• A University of London email account.
• The Virtual Learning Environment (VLE) . Here, you can access electronic copies of all printed study materials, resources including audio-visual and revision guides, and forums to discuss course material and work collaboratively with others. 
• The Student Café , where you can share perspectives with fellow students from all over the world.
• The Online Library . As a student at the University of London, you will have access to a range of resources, databases, and journals via the  Online Library . You will be able to contact a team of professional and qualified librarians for any help you require.  
• The Introduction to English Common Law MOOC, available through Coursera.

Senate House Library  

If you’re based in the United Kingdom, or are visiting London, make sure to visit  Senate House Library . Students studying with the University of London can join the library free of charge. Membership includes a 10-book borrowing allowance, access to all reading rooms and study areas, and on-site access to Senate House Library digital resources. 

Student support

We are committed to delivering an exceptional student experience for all of our students, regardless of which of our programmes you are studying and whether you are studying independently or with a Recognised Teaching Centre.

You will have access to support through:

• The Enquiry Hub – provides support for application and Student Portal queries.
• TalkCampus – a peer support service that offers a safe and confidential way to talk about whatever is on your mind at any time of day or night.
• One-to-one appointments available to book with the Dean and Programme Officer.

Time commitment

You will need to spend about 120 hours on each module (or 1,920 hours for the full LLM). Approximately 40 to 50 hours per module are linked to assessment activity such self-assessment exercises found in the study guides, and preparation for taking the exam.

To complete the full LLM in two years, you will need to study for roughly 20 hours per week throughout the two years. It is up to you how you schedule your studies, depending on your work and personal commitments.

Modules are assessed by a 45-minute unseen written exam, which you can sit in May or October. You can sit your exams at any of our approved centres around the world.

You don't have to sit exams in every session. As long as you finish within your five-year registration period, you can plan your exams as you choose.

More about exams.

Academic Leadership Show

Academic direction for the Postgraduate Laws programmes is provided jointly by the School of Law at Queen Mary, University of London (QMUL) and the Faculty of Laws at University College London (UCL). These schools plan the structure and content, develop and write study materials, set the examination papers and mark scripts.

Dean of Postgraduate Laws

Professor Helen Xanthaki (LLB, MJur, PhD, SFHEA) specialises in legislation, legislative drafting and legislative quality. She is president of the International Association for Legislation, and works as a consultant and trainer in legislative drafting for governments and international/regional organisations.

May 2024 intake Show

December 2024 intake Show

Entry requirements Show

For the LLM entry point , you normally need one of the following:

• A Bachelor of Laws (LLB) from the University of London, or equivalent, with at least second-class honours; or
• A Bachelor’s degree from the University of London, or equivalent, with at least second-class honours, where at least half the units are in law-related subjects; or
• Membership of the Bar or Solicitors’ professional association in England or Wales, or equivalent.

If you do not meet the LLM entry requirements, successful completion of the PGDip will allow progression to the LLM.

For the PGDip entry point , you normally need the following:

• A Bachelor’s degree in any discipline from the University of London, or equivalent, with at least second-class honours.

If you do not meet the PGDip entry requirements, successful completion of the PGCert will allow progression to the PGDip.

For entry to the PGCert , you normally need one of the following:

• A post-school qualification in any discipline which is at least 1-year full time in duration and considered comparable to at least FHEQ level 4; or
• At least five years’ relevant work experience, such as accounting, banking, finance or insurance.

We accept relevant qualifications at higher FHEQ levels for each requirement respectively.

We accept a range of qualifications from around the world:  see a full list for details .

Your entry point is just your starting point in the Postgraduate Laws programmes. Once you satisfy the requirements of the PGCert, you may progress to the PGDip, and then on to the LLM, provided that you complete your study within five years.

English language requirements

You need a high standard of English to study this programme. You meet our language requirements if you have achieved one of the following within the past three years:

• (IELTS) International English Language Testing System – overall score of at least 6.5 and at least 6 in the written test.
• (TOEFL) Test of English as a Foreign Language – overall score of 92 or above with at least 22 in the Reading and Writing sub-tests and at least 20 in the Speaking and Listening sub-tests.
• Pearson Test of English (Academic) – overall score of 59 or above with at least 59 in both Reading and Writing elements and at least 54 in Speaking and Listening elements.
• Cambridge Certificate of Proficiency in English.
• Cambridge Certificate of Advanced English (grade C or above).
• Duolingo: must achieve an overall score of at least 120.

Provision on the Postgraduate Laws programmes is fully electronic. Our students are expected to have excellent internet access. However, if circumstances prevent you from accessing the internet, you can make a case to the programme director, who has discretion to offer printed copies of the basic learning materials. This is reserved for extraordinary circumstances and solely for the purposes of enhancing accessibility: examples include disability or imprisonment.

More about computer requirements.

Recognition of prior learning Show

If you have studied material as part of a previous qualification that is comparable in content, level and standard to our, you may be exempted from the equivalent course of our degree. This is known as  Recognition of Prior Learning (RPL)  or Exemption. You will not need to study or be assessed in the module(s) to complete your award. 

Master of Laws (LLM):   You may be awarded RPL for up to five modules (four of which normally from the same course) 

Postgraduate Diploma in Laws:   You may be awarded RPL for up to three modules (normally from the same course); 

Postgraduate Certificate in Laws : You may be awarded RPL for up to one module.  

To be considered for RPL you should make a formal request within your application when applying for the programme. Or, you can submit an online enquiry , if you have already applied. 

You will need to have met the entrance requirements for the programme to be considered for RPL.  

We can only consider whole, passed prior learning. Usually there is no time limit for when you should have passed your previous qualification(s)/ examination(s), that you are basing your RPL application on. 

We will not consider RPL if you have already entered for the assessment in the module concerned.  

Discretionary RPL 

Your qualifications will need to be assessed by specialist academics on a case by case basis , before we can approve RPL. This is known as discretionary RPL. A formal application is required and an RPL application fee is payable. The RPL application fee is non-refundable, even if your prior learning is not recognised.  

Your qualification must be at the appropriate level (equivalent to a UK Level 7 or postgraduate qualification and above) to be considered.  

For your discretionary RPL request to be processed, you will need to provide: a completed RPL request form, the supporting documentary evidence (normally a scanned copy of an official transcript and syllabus of your previous studies) and the discretionary RPL fee. 

You should apply as early as possible to ensure we have sufficient time to review your qualifications and so you can register by the registration deadline. 

Note: All discretionary RPL requests must be submitted by the dates specified for the specified for the May or December session in the year that you apply. We must receive all required supporting evidence by the deadline stated.

If you submit your discretionary RPL application but are too late to be considered for RPL in the current session, we will still process your application to study the programme. If you receive an offer, you can still register. If you wish to be considered for RPL in a subsequent session, then you shouldn’t register on the modules you want to apply for RPL.  

How to request RPL: 

Additional information about the process of applying for RPL .  

Further information regarding RPL is covered in the Recognition of Prior Learning section of the appropriate  Programme Regulations and Section 3 of the General Regulations .

Fees, funding and payment

The fees below relate to new students registering for the 2024-2025 session. On average, fees are subject to a five per cent year-on-year increase.

Students who registered earlier can view their fees on the Course Fees page .

* Prior to 2023-24, an initial registration fee was charged in addition to the module fees. From 2023-24 the initial registration fee has been conglomerated into the fee for each module. Therefore, students initially registered before the 2023-24 academic year will pay reduced module fees to account for the initial registration fee already paid.

**The online examination administration fee will be charged once for each examination sitting held online, including resits.

More about programme fees .

Please note: all student fees shown are net of any local VAT, Goods and Services Tax (GST) or any other sales tax payable by the student in their country of residence. Where the University is required to add VAT, GST or any other sales tax at the local statutory rate, this will be added to the fees shown during the payment process. For students resident in the UK, our fees are exempt from VAT.

Further information on Sales Tax .

Your payment provider may apply additional transaction fees (if in doubt, please check with them before making a payment).

Funding your study Show

The combination of our competitive fees and option to pay as you go, avoidance of the considerable cost of living in London and possibility to continue earning whilst you study represents excellent value for money. In addition, there may be additional sources of support depending on where you live and how you choose to study.

More on funding your study.

Scholarships and bursaries

Up to 18 scholarships per year are available for high-performing students on the Postgraduate Laws programme. Bursaries are available for all University of London LLB alumni for their LLM, PGDip or PGCert programme fees at 30 per cent. All applicants (including LLB alumni) residing in Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka or Malaysia can take advantage of a 40 per cent bursary for the LLM, PGDip or PGCert. More on LLM scholarships and bursaries.

Via Canon Collins , we offer scholarships to nationals of Angola, Botswana, Lesotho, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, South Africa, Swaziland, Zambia or Zimbabwe.

Can I get sponsored?

If you're employed, your employer may be willing to cover part/all of the programme fees if you can make a compelling case as to how this programme will boost your contribution to the workplace.

Our courses are ideal for employers because they get to retain you as an employee and benefit from your learning from the moment you begin.

How can I get sponsored by my employer?

We have a template available to help you present a case to your employer.

Employer sponsorship business case template [PDF]

Paying for your course Show

You can pay your fees in a number of ways, including an online payment facility via the Student Portal and Western Union Quick Pay.

More on how to pay your fees

Career opportunities

Careers opportunity show.

The Postgraduate Laws programmes provide you with many of the key attributes required by law firms – advanced, specialist legal training and the ability to work in a multinational legal environment. Our graduates regularly advance to high-level positions in a variety of sectors, including banking, financial services, financial regulation, human rights agencies, NGOs and public service.

Many professional associations and Bar Councils also accept our qualifications towards professional development quotas. For example, in England and Wales, the Solicitors’ Regulation Authority accredits our programmes (including individual modules taken on a standalone basis) towards Continuing Professional Development (CPD) hours.

What do employers think of our graduates?

We advise you to explore the local recognition status before you register, even if you plan to receive support from a local teaching institution.

You’ll have access to a wide range of careers and employability support through the University of London Careers Service, including live webinars and Ask Your Careers Questions Live sessions.

Transferable skills you gain from studying a LLM at the University of London

Transferable skills are mapped against the 10 core employability skills promoted by the University of London Careers Service. Transferable skills aid students to be able to understand how to utilise their degree to upskill effectively in their chosen area or change careers. These skills are identified from a range of sources, including the World Economic Forum (2020) Future of Jobs Report, Skills for the Future (2019) and additional research conducted by the Research Unit of The Careers Group, University of London:

• Adaptability & resilience , learnt through the management of students’ own learning, including working effectively to deadlines;
• Collaboration , learnt through the formation of peer study groups, the peer review of submissions that do not count for assessment, and socialising online;
• Communication , learnt through the use fluent and effective communication and discussion skills in a written context;
• Complex problem-solving , learnt through the use of problem-solving skills in learning and assessment; and through the capacity to handle ideas and scrutinise information in critical, evaluative and analytical ways;
• Creativity & innovation , learnt through learning and assessment that promotes the formation of own views and opinions, and their expression in innovative and original arguments beyond those in bibliography;
• Decision-making , learnt through the students’ organising of information, and the assimilation and evaluation of competing arguments;
• Digital skills , learnt through the distance learning aspect of teaching and learning;
• Emotional intelligence , learnt through open mindedness and the exercise of initiative and personal responsibility;
• Leadership , learnt through the individual with management of personalised learning in the programme, which includes personal timetabling, learning, and progress; and
• Persuasion & negotiation , learnt through the organisation of the students’ professional and personal commitments to fit in their demanding programme of study. It is also learnt through creating convincing and sound arguments during assessment.

Careers support Show

You’ll have access to a wide range of careers and employability support through the University of London Careers Service, including live webinars and online drop-in sessions.

More on the University of London Careers Service

Tailored support for careers in the refugee and humanitarian fields is available through regular programme events, webinars and careers resources.

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What our students say.

Hear from our graduates about why they chose the University of London’s online LLM.

Start dates

• December 2024 - application deadline closes 11 November 2024

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Newsletter: Want to curb election misinformation? Invest in journalism

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Good morning. I’m Kerry Cavanaugh, and it is Saturday, Aug. 3. Here’s what’s happening in Opinion.

Elon Musk recently caused a stir — I know, you’re shocked — when he shared a fake Kamala Harris campaign ad that used an AI-generated clone of her voice on his social media platform X without a disclaimer that the video was digitally altered. That may have violated the platform’s policy prohibiting the use of synthetic or manipulated media that could deceive or confuse people.

As of now, social media platforms are pretty much allowed to self-police how they respond to AI-generated images and audio that could influence elections, which doesn’t inspire much confidence. There’s no federal law regulating the use of deepfakes in politics, and only about one-third of states have enacted guardrails, not including California.

Gov. Gavin Newsom responded to Musk with his own post pledging to sign a bill soon to make it illegal to manipulate a voice in an “ad.” Musk, in his unique way , seemed to suggest the video was an obvious satire and thus exempt from X’s policy and, potentially, any laws because parody is a protected speech.

Because of Musk’s high profile and the national attention on the presidential race, the Harris deepfake was quickly identified, extensively covered and heartily debated. But what if this kind of fake video circulated about a candidate for the local school board or small-town mayor? Would it have been caught and debunked so fast and so broadly?

The Times recently concluded a series examining how economic forces and new technology have dramatically reduced local reporting in California, and how that affects the public. There are now fewer reporters covering cities and statehouses, who can be a check on deepfakes and misinformation in political campaigns. Yes, California and Congress need to enact laws banning deceptive deepfakes in election materials. But there’s also a need for independent local news journalists who can expose questionable campaign tactics in real time.

One promising proposal to bolster local news reporting is the California Journalism Preservation Act, or Assembly Bill 886 , which would require that large social media companies and internet search engines, such as Google, share advertising revenue with the journalists and news organizations that produce much of the content on their platforms. As The Times’ editorial board wrote this week: “This is not just a crisis for news organizations, it’s a threat to the health of communities and democratic institutions.”

Would Trump stop free and fair elections? Hitler and Mussolini’s paths could be a clue. “Strongmen always tell us who they are and what they are going to do,” history professors Ruth Ben-Ghiat and Benjamin Carter Hett write. “With the example of the Fascists in mind, we should take Trump and his enablers seriously. The endgame of Republican election denial is not to challenge particular election results but to suppress free and fair voting altogether.”

Finally, a limit to Donald Trump’s Teflon superpower — J.D. Vance. Trump’s VP has been on the defensive for his specious societal critiques, namely deriding people who do not have children as sociopaths and cat ladies, and this time the former president may not avoid the fallout, writes columnist Jackie Calmes. “Finally Trump is having to answer for abhorrent remarks, even if they’re not his own, and potentially paying a political price. We can hope.”

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I was homeless. Gov. Newsom’s order to dismantle encampments is outrageous. Les Gapay lived out of his car for more than six years and he writes that criminalizing homelessness or clearing out tents isn’t an answer when there’s no place to go. “A rich nation like the United States should be capable of compassion. Feed the hungry, help the poor, heal the sick, house the homeless, clothe the naked, welcome strangers. Until the Supreme Court and Newsom find a better solution, they ought to start there.”

Gov. Gavin Newsom is a reactionary on homelessness — and that’s a good thing. Sean Kennedy, the executive director at the Coalition for Law, Order, and Safety, sees the governor’s order differently. “Fewer camps and more consequences would be a good thing. What we really need is more asylums. But they are almost all shuttered — and that’s partly Ronald Reagan’s fault. And Gavin Newsom is poised to fix it,” he writes.

More from opinion

From our columnists

• Robin Abcarian: The Supreme Court is out of control. Here’s what it will take to rein it in
• Jonah Goldberg: It’s hard sharing a party with Trump or Vance. They taint the right’s good ideas

From guest contributors

• Obama was an avatar of hope. Harris has to be an avatar of give-’em-hell
• Trump 2.0 would be a disaster for the climate
• Trump proved himself unfit to be commander in chief

From the e ditorial b oard

• Religious freedom under attack in Oklahoma schools
• Supreme Court term limits and ethics reforms aren’t just good for Democrats
• How to end SoCal’s smog streak? Slash pollution from railways and ports

Letters to the Editor

• No matter what Paris does, a ‘green’ Olympics is impossible
• It’s time for Democrats and everyone else to put antisemites in their place
• ‘Literally insane’ : Project 2025’s plan to end NOAA

Stay in touch.

If you’ve made it this far, you’re the kind of reader who’d benefit from subscribing to our other newsletters and to The Times . As always, you can share your feedback by emailing me at [email protected] .

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Kerry Cavanaugh is an assistant editor and editorial writer covering Los Angeles and Southern California, with a focus on housing, transportation and environmental issues. Prior to joining the board, she was a producer on KCRW’s “To the Point” and “Which Way, L.A.” Before that, she spent a decade at the L.A. Daily News, where she covered L.A. and California politics and wrote a column on local government issues. She’s a graduate of New York University and Columbia Journalism School.

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