checklist for college essay

The Ultimate Essay Checklist

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Getting Started

Essay writing: it might not be your favorite thing in the world, but the essay editing experts at Scribendi are here to change that by making it a little less scary and a lot more fun! (Okay—perhaps "fun" is a bit strong. How about "bearable"?)

While there are four main types of essays—expository, persuasive, analytical, and argumentative—the basic structure of any essay is the same:

• An introductory paragraph
• At least three body paragraphs
• A concluding paragraph
• A bibliography

Generally, the higher your level of education, the more complex your essay structure will be. While high school students typically stick with the five-paragraph essay, university and graduate students are expected to discuss topics that require more than five paragraphs to flesh out. Whatever type of essay you're writing, following this basic format will help you accomplish your intended goal.

This ultimate essay checklist will provide you with everything you need to unleash your knowledge and express your creativity while following standard essay-writing conventions. This essay checklist will show you how to write a stellar essay of any style, and it will give you the confidence to explore and write about any topic.

General Tips

• Get an early start. It's much easier to come up with and organize your ideas when you're not pressed for time and are able to conduct proper research. The earlier you start, the easier it will be . . . so don't procrastinate!
• Choose a topic. Your instructor will likely give you a handful of topics to choose from or a general topic area. Depending on the instructions you're given, you will have to select and refine the topic. You can choose something you're already interested in or something you know nothing about—either way, you'll be doing your research and learning along the way.
• Use various sources of information. With the vast amount of information available today, you're far from limited when it comes to choosing your sources. Use books, websites, journal articles, research studies, interviews—the world is your oyster! Just remember to keep track of your sources so that you can cite them properly and add them to your bibliography. Also check what kinds of sources your professor wants: primary, secondary, or both?

• Do not plagiarize. Cite your work and give credit where it's due. Do not take credit for others' thoughts or ideas, and make yourself aware of the basic rules for avoiding plagiarism .
• Create an outline. Make a rough outline of the sections and points of your essay. Writing your ideas down will help you organize your thoughts and see what you need to add, change, or rearrange.
• Provide evidence. Use evidence from your research to support your ideas. Each body paragraph will contain an original idea, but you will need to back it up with evidence to make it credible.
• Don't use "I" statements or make sweeping generalizations. Stay objective, and be specific.
• Grab your audience's attention. Come up with an attention-grabbing title and introduction that will make your reader want more.
• Use logic. Within each paragraph and throughout your essay, keep your ideas coherent and linear.
• Use an essay style that complements your content (and is in accordance with your professor's guidelines). There are four main types of essays:
• Expository : The writer explains an idea or issue to the reader.
• Persuasive : The writer tries to convince the reader to take his or her position on an idea, issue, or topic.
• Analytical : The writer examines and analyzes an idea, issue, or topic.
• Argumentative : The writer tries to prove that his or her position is correct.
• Answer what , why , and how . Regardless of the type of essay you write, it should answer each of these questions.
• Don't feel obliged to write your first draft in order, from introduction to bibliography. It can be difficult to write a completely linear essay when you have lots of different ideas, so start by writing whatever you're ready to write—you can put all the pieces together later. This will make the process easier and less stressful.

Introduction

The introductory paragraph broadly introduces your topic by giving your reader an overview of what your essay will be about and the points that will be discussed. It often starts with a general statement that acts as the topic sentence for the paragraph, and it provides a general discussion that leads to a specific thesis statement at the end of the paragraph.

• Do not explicitly explain your intentions. For example, do not say, "The purpose of this essay is to . . ." Instead, allow the topic sentence to help your reader identify and determine your purpose. By the time readers get to the end, they will have a comprehensive understanding of your essay and its intent.
• Choose a thesis statement that the body of your essay will be able to support. This thesis will be the "hook" of your essay, and it is often one of the last sentences in the introductory paragraph. A hook is a line that grabs the reader's attention—it "hooks" them, just like a fishing hook grabs a fish. The goal of the hook is to keep your reader interested and to clearly indicate the purpose of the essay.

The body of the essay develops the argument that was outlined in the introduction.

• Use topic sentences. The topic sentence of each paragraph provides a brief summary of what the paragraph is about.

• Set up the transition to your next point. The concluding sentence of each paragraph should function as a hook and transition into the next paragraph.
• Discuss and support a different idea in each paragraph. Limit each paragraph to one main idea. The topic sentence of each paragraph will help you organize your own thoughts and let the reader know what that paragraph is about. If you're writing a five-paragraph essay, follow this general outline:
• The first paragraph contains the strongest argument and ties into the hook at the end of the introductory paragraph. Discuss your first point, elaborate on it, and provide evidence in support of it. Close with a transitional hook.
• The second paragraph contains a more neutral argument, and it ties into the hook at the end of the first paragraph. Discuss your second point, elaborate on it, and provide evidence to support it. Close with a transitional hook.
• The third paragraph contains another strong argument and ties into the hook at the end of the second paragraph. Discuss your third point, elaborate on it, and provide evidence to support it. Close with a transitional sentence that leads smoothly into the concluding paragraph.

In contrast to the introductory paragraph, the concluding paragraph starts out specific (by reintroducing the thesis) and becomes more general. It ties your ideas together and brings your paper to a culmination.

The concluding paragraph provides a general discussion of your findings and shows the reader that you have accomplished what you intended to at the outset.

• Restate your thesis (though not necessarily using the exact same words). In contrast to the introductory paragraph, the concluding paragraph starts out specific (by reintroducing the thesis) and becomes more general. It ties your ideas together and brings your paper to a close.
• Discuss your findings based on your research and evidence. Has your thesis been proven?
• Don't introduce any new ideas. The point here is to sum up and wrap up your essay, not to confuse readers by providing new information.
• End on a high note. You can finish the essay in a variety of ways. For example, you might provide suggestions for future research, state a call to action, share a quote, or ask a question. Depending on the topic and purpose of your essay, choose a closing line that will fit well with the rest of your essay's structure and leave readers thinking " Wow! "

Bibliography/Works Cited

The Bibliography or Works Cited page is a list of all the references you used throughout the paper. It can be alphabetized or numbered depending on the style guide you are using. While a Bibliography includes every resource you consulted when preparing your essay, a Works Cited page includes only the resources cited in your essay. Find out which is required by consulting the style guide assigned by your professor.

• To make creating your reference list easier, use citation software . There are many different options out there, and several of the software programs are free (especially if you're enrolled in a university that has a subscription to one of the services). These citation software programs essentially create your bibliography for you, making the process fast, easy, and accurate.

Review, Revise, Rework

• Give yourself a day or two before rereading and revising your essay. This way, you will have a fresh set of eyes, making it easier to catch any mistakes.
• Don't be afraid to rearrange paragraphs, delete sentences, or add information. Reading through your essay a few days after writing it makes it much easier to see where and how the structure needs to be changed.
• Correct any errors in spelling, grammar, and punctuation. Check the essay yourself, have a friend review it, or better yet, have your essay edited by a professional editing service .
• Avoid colloquialisms and contractions. ('Cause it just ain't professional in an academic setting. Lol.)
• Analyze the flow of your essay , and make sure that your ideas and paragraphs flow smoothly from one to the next.
• Cut out any extraneous information or fluff. We've all done it, but adding extra words to make a word count requirement doesn't fly with most professors, and it will definitely detract from the strength of your essay.

Now, it's Time to Write!

It may seem overwhelming, but writing an essay doesn't have to be stressful. After coming up with a topic, doing some research, and creating a basic outline, you're ready to start filling in the gaps. Using primary and/or secondary research, back up your ideas and support them with credible sources. Just don't forget to cite those sources! Once you've written your first draft, take a day or two away from your paper so you will have a clear head when you come back to revise it. As suggested, you may even want to have your paper edited by the professionals at Scribendi , who will not only correct any surface-level errors but will also check for consistency, clarity, and cohesiveness, providing comments and suggestions along the way.

Essay writing is so much easier if you're equipped with the right tools, and that's what we hope we've given you with this ultimate essay checklist. Now that you know how to write an essay (regardless of the style), we're confident in your ability to write an essay about any topic that your instructor might have in store for you. Happy writing!

Image sources: Foundry/Pixabay.com, succo/Pixabay.com, ClkerFreeVectorImages/Pixabay.com

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College admissions

Course: college admissions   >   unit 4.

• Writing a strong college admissions essay
• Avoiding common admissions essay mistakes
• Brainstorming tips for your college essay
• How formal should the tone of your college essay be?
• Taking your college essay to the next level
• Sample essay 1 with admissions feedback
• Sample essay 2 with admissions feedback
• Student story: Admissions essay about a formative experience
• Student story: Admissions essay about personal identity
• Student story: Admissions essay about community impact
• Student story: Admissions essay about a past mistake
• Student story: Admissions essay about a meaningful poem

Writing tips and techniques for your college essay

Pose a question the reader wants answered

Don't focus exclusively on the past, experiment with the unexpected, don't summarize, want to join the conversation.

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15 Tips for Writing, Proofreading, and Editing Your College Essay

What’s covered:, our checklist for writing, proofreading, and editing your essay, where to get your college essays edited.

Your college essay is more than just a writing assignment—it’s your biggest opportunity to showcase the person behind your GPA, test scores, and extracurricular activities. In many ways, it’s the best chance you have to present yourself as a living, breathing, and thoughtful individual to the admissions committee.

Unlike test scores, which can feel impersonal, a well-crafted essay brings color to your application, offering a glimpse into your passions, personality, and potential. Whether you’re an aspiring engineer or an artist, your college essay can set you apart, making it essential that you give it your best.

1. Does the essay address the selected topic or prompt?

Focus on responding directly and thoughtfully to the prompt. If the question asks about your reasons for choosing a specific program or your future aspirations, ensure that your essay revolves around these themes. Tailor your narrative to the prompt, using personal experiences and reflections that reinforce your points.

• Respond directly to the prompt: It’s imperative that you thoughtfully craft your responses so that the exact themes in the prompt are directly addressed. Each essay has a specific prompt that serves a specific purpose, and your response should be tailored in a way that meets that objective.
• Focus: Regardless of what the prompt is about—be it personal experiences, academic achievements, or an opinion on an issue—you must keep the focus of the response on the topic of the prompt .

2. Is the college essay well organized?

An essay with a clear structure is easier to follow and is more impactful. Consider organizing your story chronologically, or use a thematic approach to convey your message. Each paragraph should transition smoothly to the next, maintaining a natural flow of ideas. A well-organized essay is not only easier for the reader to follow, but it can also aid your narrative flow. Logically structured essays can guide the reader through complex and hectic sequences of events in your essay. There are some key factors involved in good structuring:

• A strong hook: Start with a sentence or a paragraph that can grab the attention of the reader. For example, consider using a vivid description of an event to do this.
• Maintain a thematic structure: Maintaining a thematic structure involves organizing your response around a central theme, allowing you to connect diverse points of your essay into a cohesive centralized response.
• Transitioning: Each paragraph should clearly flow into the next, maintaining continuity and coherence in narrative.

3. Include supporting details, examples, and anecdotes.

Enhance your narrative with specific details, vivid examples, and engaging anecdotes. This approach brings your story to life, making it more compelling and relatable. It helps the reader visualize your experiences and understand your perspectives.

4. Show your voice and personality.

Does your personality come through? Does your essay sound like you? Since this is a reflection of you, your essay needs to show who you are.

For example, avoid using vocabulary you wouldn’t normally use—such as “utilize” in place of “use”—because you may come off as phony or disingenuous, and that won’t impress colleges.

5. Does your essay show that you’re a good candidate for admission?

Your essay should demonstrate not only your academic strengths. but also the ways in which your personal qualities align with the specific character and values of the school you’re applying to . While attributes like intelligence and collaboration are universally valued, tailor your essay to reflect aspects that are uniquely esteemed at each particular institution.

For instance, if you’re applying to Dartmouth, you might emphasize your appreciation for, and alignment with, the school’s strong sense of tradition and community. This approach shows a deeper understanding of and a genuine connection to the school, beyond its surface-level attributes.

6. Do you stick to the topic?

Your essay should focus on the topic at hand, weaving your insights, experiences, and perspectives into a cohesive narrative, rather than a disjointed list of thoughts or accomplishments. It’s important to avoid straying into irrelevant details that don’t support your main theme. Instead of simply listing achievements or experiences, integrate them into a narrative that highlights your development, insights, or learning journey.

Example with tangent:

“My interest in performing arts began when I was five. That was also the year I lost my first tooth, which set off a whole year of ‘firsts.’ My first play was The Sound of Music.”

Revised example:

“My interest in performing arts began when I was five, marked by my debut performance in ‘The Sound of Music.’ This experience was the first step in my journey of exploring and loving the stage.”

7. Align your response with the prompt.

Before finalizing your essay, revisit the prompt. Have you addressed all aspects of the question? Make sure your essay aligns with the prompt’s requirements, both in content and spirit. Familiarize yourself with common college essay archetypes, such as the Extracurricular Essay, Diversity Essay, Community Essay, “Why This Major” Essay (and a variant for those who are undecided), and “Why This College” Essay. We have specific guides for each, offering tailored advice and examples:

• Extracurricular Essay Guide
• Diversity Essay Guide
• Community Essay Guide
• “Why This Major” Essay Guide
• “Why This College” Essay Guide
• Overcoming Challenges Essay Guide
• Political/Global Issues Essay Guide

While these guides provide a framework for each archetype, respectively, remember to infuse your voice and unique experiences into your essay to stand out!

8. Do you vary your sentence structure?

Varying sentence structure, including the length of sentences, is crucial to keep your writing dynamic and engaging. A mix of short, punchy sentences and longer, more descriptive ones can create a rhythm that makes your essay more enjoyable to read. This variation helps maintain the reader’s interest and allows for more nuanced expression.

Original example with monotonous structure:

“I had been waiting for the right time to broach the topic of her health problem, which had been weighing on my mind heavily ever since I first heard about it. I had gone through something similar, and I thought sharing my experience might help.”

Revised example illustrating varied structure:

“I waited for the right moment to discuss her health. The issue had occupied my thoughts for weeks. Having faced similar challenges, I felt that sharing my experience might offer her some comfort.”

In this revised example, the sentences vary in length and structure, moving from shorter, more impactful statements to longer, more descriptive ones. This variation helps to keep the reader’s attention and allows for a more engaging narrative flow.

9. Revisit your essay after a break.

• Give yourself time: After completing a draft of your essay, step away from it for a day or two. This break can clear your mind and reduce your attachment to specific phrases or ideas.
• Fresh perspective: When you come back to your essay, you’ll likely find that you can view your work with fresh eyes. This distance can help you spot inconsistencies, unclear passages, or stylistic issues that you might have missed earlier.
• Enhanced objectivity: Distance not only aids in identifying grammatical errors or typos, but it also allows you to assess the effectiveness of your argument or narrative more objectively. Does the essay really convey what you intended? Are there better examples or stronger pieces of evidence you could use?
• Refine and polish: Use this opportunity to fine-tune your language, adjust the flow, and ensure that your essay truly reflects your voice and message.

Incorporating this tip into your writing process can significantly improve the quality and effectiveness of your college essay.

10. Choose an ideal writing environment.

By identifying and consistently utilizing an ideal writing environment, you can enhance both the enjoyment and effectiveness of your essay-writing process.

• Discover your productive spaces: Different environments can dramatically affect your ability to think and write effectively. Some people find inspiration in the quiet of a library or their room, while others thrive in the lively atmosphere of a coffee shop or park.
• Experiment with settings: If you’re unsure what works best for you, try writing in various places. Notice how each setting affects your concentration, creativity, and mood.
• Consider comfort and distractions: Make sure your chosen spot is comfortable enough for long writing sessions, but also free from distracting elements that could hinder your focus.
• Time of day matters: Pay attention to the time of day when you’re most productive. Some write best in the early morning’s tranquility, while others find their creative peak during nighttime hours.

11. Are all words spelled correctly?

While spell checkers are a helpful tool, they aren’t infallible. It’s crucial to read over your essay meticulously, possibly even aloud, to catch any spelling errors. Reading aloud can help you notice mistakes that your eyes might skip over when reading silently. Be particularly attentive to words that spellcheck might not catch, such as proper nouns, technical jargon, or homophones (e.g., “there” vs. “their”). Attention to detail in spelling reflects your care and precision, both of which are qualities that admissions committees value.

12. Do you use proper punctuation and capitalization?

Correct punctuation and capitalization are key to conveying your message clearly and professionally . A common mistake in writing is the misuse of commas, particularly in complex sentences.

Example of a misused comma:

Incorrect: “I had an epiphany, I was using commas incorrectly.”

In this example, the comma is used incorrectly to join two independent clauses. This is known as a comma splice. It creates a run-on sentence, which can confuse the reader and disrupt the flow of your writing.

Corrected versions:

Correct: “I had an epiphany: I was using commas incorrectly.”

Correct: “I had an epiphany; I was using commas incorrectly.”

Correct: “I had an epiphany—I was using commas incorrectly.”

Correct: “I had an epiphany. I was using commas incorrectly.”

The corrections separate the two clauses with more appropriate punctuation. Colons, semicolons, em dashes, and periods can all be used in this context, though periods may create awkwardly short sentences.

These punctuation choices are appropriate because the second clause explains or provides an example of the first, creating a clear and effective sentence structure. The correct use of punctuation helps maintain the clarity and coherence of your writing, ensuring that your ideas are communicated effectively.

13. Do you abide by the word count?

Staying within the word count is crucial in demonstrating your ability to communicate ideas concisely and effectively. Here are some strategies to help reduce your word count if you find yourself going over the prescribed limits:

• Eliminate repetitive statements: Avoid saying the same thing in different ways. Focus on presenting each idea clearly and concisely.
• Use adjectives judiciously: While descriptive words can add detail, using too many can make your writing feel cluttered and overwrought. Choose adjectives that add real value.
• Remove unnecessary details: If a detail doesn’t support or enhance your main point, consider cutting it. Focus on what’s essential to your narrative or argument.
• Shorten long sentences: Long, run-on sentences can be hard to follow and often contain unnecessary words. Reading your essay aloud can help you identify sentences that are too lengthy or cumbersome. If you’re out of breath before finishing a sentence, it’s likely too long.
• Ensure each sentence adds something new: Every sentence should provide new information or insight. Avoid filler or redundant sentences that don’t contribute to your overall message.

14. Proofread meticulously.

Implementing a thorough and methodical proofreading process can significantly elevate the quality of your essay, ensuring that it’s free of errors and flows smoothly.

• Detailed review: After addressing bigger structural and content issues, focus on proofreading for grammar, spelling, and punctuation errors. This step is crucial for polishing your essay and making sure it’s presented professionally.
• Different techniques: Employ various techniques to catch mistakes. For example, read your essay backward, starting from the last sentence and working your way to the beginning. This method can help you focus on individual sentences and words, rather than getting caught up in the content.
• Read aloud: As mentioned before, reading your essay aloud is another effective technique. Hearing the words can help identify awkward phrasing, run-on sentences, and other issues that might not be as obvious when reading silently.

15. Utilize external feedback.

While self-editing is crucial, external feedback can provide new perspectives and ideas that enhance your writing in unexpected ways. This collaborative process can help you keep your essay error-free and can also help make it resonate with a broader audience.

• Fresh perspectives: Have a trusted teacher, mentor, peer, or family member review your drafts. Each person can offer unique insights and perspectives on your essay’s content, structure, and style.
• Identify blind spots: We often become too close to our writing to see its flaws or areas that might be unclear to others. External reviewers can help identify these blind spots.
• Constructive criticism: Encourage your reviewers to provide honest, constructive feedback. While it’s important to stay true to your voice and story, be open to suggestions that could strengthen your essay.
• Diverse viewpoints: Different people will focus on different aspects of your writing. For example, a teacher might concentrate on your essay’s structure and academic tone, while a peer might provide insights into how engaging and relatable your narrative is.
• Incorporate feedback judiciously: Use the feedback to refine your essay, but remember that the final decision on any changes rests with you. It’s your story and your voice that ultimately need to come through clearly.

When it comes to refining your college essays, getting external feedback is crucial. Our free Peer Essay Review tool allows you to receive constructive criticism from other students, providing fresh perspectives that can help you see your work in a new light. This peer review process is invaluable and can help you both identify areas for improvement and gain different viewpoints on your writing.

For more tailored expert advice, consider the guidance of a CollegeVine advisor . Our advisors, experienced in the college admissions process, offer specialized reviews to enhance your essays. Their insights into what top schools are looking for can elevate your narrative, ensuring that your application stands out. Whether it’s through fine-tuning your grammar or enriching your story’s appeal, our experts’ experience and expertise can significantly increase your likelihood of admission to your dream school!

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College Application Checklist

Find the right college for you., junior summer: ─do before applying to college checklist.

• Set up a professional-sounding email address.
• Create a balanced list of reach, match, and safety colleges.
• Go to the application website.
• Note the regular application deadline.
• Note the early application deadline.

Junior Year: Take Tests and Other Exams for Admission

• Find out if an admission test is required.
• Take an admission test, if required.
• Take other required or recommended tests (e.g., AP Exams, IB exams).
• Send admission test scores, if required, with your application.
• Send other test scores.
• Retest by summer of junior year or fall of senior year.

Early Senior Year: Get Letters and Essay Ready.

• Request recommendation letters. Provide a résumé for reference.
• Send thank-you notes to recommendation writers.
• Start the essay drafting and revision process 2 months prior to the application deadline.
• Draft initial essay.
• Proofread essay for spelling and grammar.
• Have 2 people read your essay.
• Revise your essay.
• Proofread your revision.

Fall of Senior Year: Make a Campus Visit. Apply for Financial Aid.

• Interview at the college campus, if required.
• Submit FAFSA® if eligible.
• Submit CSS PROFILE if needed.
• Make a note of the priority financial aid deadline.
• Make a note of the regular financial aid deadline.
• Submit college aid form if needed.
• Submit a state aid form if needed.
• Check the college's financial aid website to see if you need to submit any additional institution forms.

Submit the Application. Pay Fees by Deadlines.

• Complete college application.
• Save copies of your application and application materials.
• Pay application fee. Submit an application fee waiver if eligible.
• Submit application.
• Request high school transcript to be sent.
• Request midyear grade report to be sent.
• Confirm receipt of application materials by checking your application status online.
• Send additional material if needed.
• Tell your school counselor that you applied.
• Receive letter from admissions office.

Senior Spring: Make Your Selections.

• Apply for housing and meal plans, if applicable.
• Receive financial aid award letter.
• Accept financial aid offer.
• Notify whichever colleges you’re not planning to attend.

What things do you need to provide in the college application process?

When applying to college, you’ll need to provide information regarding personal details, your academic background, your extracurricular activities, and achievements you want to highlight. You’ll also need to submit standardized test scores and letters of recommendation, if required. Along with that, you’ll want to submit any required essays, making sure they highlight your aspirations and your personality. You can even strengthen your application by including additional information about yourself and a résumé.

Most colleges will require an application fee. If you require financial assistance to cover this fee, ask your school counselor about application fee waivers.

What are five things you need to know about college application process?

When navigating college admissions requirements, consider these five points:

• Go through each college's admissions requirements, including transcripts, test scores, essays, and recommendations.
• Pay close attention to submission deadlines to ensure you deliver all required documents on time.
• Familiarize yourself with the admissions criteria, including academic performance, extracurricular activities, and personal attributes.
• Check out the available financial aid options, such as scholarships and grants. Follow the designated application timelines.
• Visit the colleges you're interested in. Take advantage of any interview opportunities to express your interest and gain valuable insights into the institutions.

Is the admissions process the same for all colleges?

The admissions process can differ between institutions. Colleges you apply to may ask for standardized test scores and recommendation letters. Or they may have more specific requirements. Before you even begin an application, you’ll need to review the admissions guidelines of each college you plan to apply to and personalize your application to their needs.

How important are extracurricular activities in the college admissions process?

Participating in extracurricular activities can significantly influence the college admissions process. Colleges seek students who aren’t only academically accomplished but also have a diverse range of interests and a demonstrated dedication to their passions. Being actively involved in clubs, sports, community service, and leadership roles can positively impact your application and highlight your potential contributions to the college community.

Are interviews required for college admission? How should I prepare for them?

Colleges may require interviews as part of their admissions process, or they may not require them. You’ll want to verify the specific requirements of each college. If a college recommends an interview or it’s mandatory, make sure to prepare yourself thoroughly. Practice answering common interview questions, research the college, and think about how to express your objectives and interests effectively. Interviews offer a chance to present yourself in a more personal and engaging way, so take advantage of this opportunity.

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• Prospective Students
• Transfer Students
• Military Students
• Degree Completers
• International Students
• Current Students
• Request Information

Essay Completion Checklist

If you're returning to class after some time, essay assignments could seem overwhelming. It may have been years since you considered the best way to brainstorm, structure, and write an academic paper, and in the course of your studies you'll have to write plenty!

Don't worry. We've teamed up with the ODU Writing Center to give you an essay checklist. When starting any assignment for class, be sure to review your class syllabus and assignment requirements as outlined by your professor first. There's a good chance your instructor has already addressed any questions you may have.

This checklist, the Writing Center, and online resources are a great place to start, but don't forget your instructor is available as well. If your answer isn't in the syllabus or you still have questions, contact your professor for a phone call or virtual meeting. They are here to help.

When you start writing, the ODU Writing Center is here for you as well, no matter where you are! You can make appointments online, set up tutoring sessions, or send your work for review from their website. You can also access  help documents  about grammar, research, citation, style, and more anytime.  Click here for more details . Organization 

• Is there a clear introduction,  body , and  conclusion ?
• Does the introduction provide sufficient background for the reader? Are the "who," "where," "why," "what," and "how" questions addressed?
• Is there a  thesis sentence ? Is the purpose clear?
• Does the essay move from general to specific?
• Are there smooth  transitions  between related ideas?
• Is the essay clearly organized? 
• Does every  paragraph  relate back to and reinforce the  thesis ?

Content and Style 

• Does the essay meet the  assignment  requirements as outlined in the syllabus?
• Does the essay address the audience clearly?
• Is the  length sufficient  to cover necessary points and assignment requirements?
• Are there sufficient examples and detail to make the points clearly?
• Is the  tone appropriate  to the assignment?
• Is any aspect of the paper insulting or prejudicial?

Research and Sources  

• Are all  sources credible  according to the instructor's specifications?
• Is the research accurate, unbiased, and complete?
• Is each source used within the essay properly cited?
• Is the analysis based on the research?
• Does the analysis contain  sound logic ?
• Is the documentation in the Works Cited page and body of the essay correct according to assignment style requirements?
• Have all quotations been checked, introduced, and attributed?
• If material was paraphrased, are the sources still clearly referenced?
• Are all facts accurate, or have potential refutations been addressed?

Proofreading 

• Has the essay been through a grammar and punctuation check?
• Is the essay spell checked?
• Are the page numbers correct?
• Is the title capitalized correctly?
• Has the writer used the correct margin and font according to assignment guidelines?
• Has the essay been submitted to any necessary  plagiarism  software required by the instructor?
• Will the essay be submitted on time?

Great writing is part of being a successful student in most college classes, but don't be intimidated! The writing center and your instructors are here to help. 

For help throughout your online student journey, please visit our student support page to find out all the resources ready to assist you as you earn your degree online. 

Have questions? Contact us.

Application guide for first-year students

Get tips and best practices to give yourself the best chance at success.

What is Common App?

Each year, more than 1 million students apply to more than 1,000 Common App member colleges worldwide through our online college application platform. Learn more about applying through our first-year application by following our step-by-step guide below.

Gather materials

The information you’ll need to complete your applications

Filling out your application takes time.

In the Education section you will enter your high school grades and current courses. Some colleges also need you to self report your high school transcript. You can check out your Courses & Grades section to learn more.

You can share your interests and who you are outside of the classroom in the activities section. You can share information about things like work, hobbies, clubs, and community engagement. And don't forget, family responsibilities can be important to share as well. This is the place to show colleges what makes you unique!

You may self-report scores for any standardized tests in the Testing section. Every college has different testing requirements. Some colleges will always need your test scores. Other colleges may be flexible or have a test optional policy. Be sure to check the Testing policy of the colleges on your list.

Many colleges collect this information in the Family section for demographic purposes. We will ask for your parents occupation, employment status, and education level. If applicable, we will also ask which college(s) they attended and how many degrees they have earned.

The Activities section isn't the only place to show your passion and where you excel! You will also have the chance to share any academic honors or achievements from high school.

Create an account

Get started at any time

Creating a Common App account is easy and should only take a few minutes.

Account rollover.

Common App accounts can roll over from year to year!

With account rollover , you can start exploring Common App and save answers to questions in the Common App tab at any time.

Add colleges

Start building your My Colleges list

Once you’ve created your account and explored the colleges that accept the Common App, you're ready to start adding colleges.

A request to the college to remove the application fee. Using either the Common App fee waiver, which your counselor must confirm, or a college-specific fee waiver, you will not be required to pay the fee to submit your application.

Coed is a term used to describe a college or university that offers the integrated education of male and female students in same environment.

Engage supporters

Collaborate with counselors, teachers, and more

All colleges need things like official school forms. Many colleges will also ask for letters of recommendation.

Counselors share their perspective using the context of the entire graduating class. They also submit the School Report and transcripts.

Parents will only need to submit a form if you apply using a college's early decision deadline. They will fill out part of your early decision agreement.

Teachers give a firsthand account of your intellectual curiosity and creative thought.

Other recommenders are usually non academic recommenders like coaches, employers, and peers. They give insight into your interests and activities outside of the classroom.

Advisors do not submit any forms. They track and check in on your application progress.

Every college gets to choose their own recommendation requirements. You can find more details on each college's "College Information" page.

Understanding requirements.

Keep track of each college’s unique application requirements

It's important to stay organized as you work on your applications.

Each college's Explore Colleges profile provides lots of information about the college. You can find details on application information, campus culture, scheduling visits, and more.

In the My Colleges or College Search tab, you can learn more using a school's college information page. Here you can see requirements for testing, writing, deadlines, and more.

The  requirements grid is a comprehensive PDF that lists all the colleges that use the Common App and their requirements. You can also find the grid within the application.

We maintain a list of all Common App colleges and  their essay prompts . This resource will help as you begin planning your essays. For more help on planning essays, check out our essay planning worksheet.

You can save answers to Common App tab questions year over year. So you can get started on things like your personal essay or the activities section at any time.

Responses to questions in your My Colleges do not stay year over year. Only get started on things like college-specific questions, writing supplements, or portfolios if you intend to apply this school year. For more info, check out our account rollover FAQ .

Plan essays

Organize and plan for your writing prompts

Sometimes writings essays can feel like the biggest part of your application. With a little bit of planning, organizing, and drafting, we can help you make this task more manageable.

Colleges can either make the personal essay optional or required. In the writing section of your Common App tab, you will see a table that lists each college's requirements.

Many colleges include short answer questions or essay prompts within this section. You can find specific information about each college's individual writing prompts  here .

Some colleges use a separate writing supplement. Not all colleges have a writing supplement. Some colleges only request this supplement based on how you answer other questions. You can find more information about writing supplements on the Dashboard or your My Colleges tab.

Counselor tip

Tools like Google Drive can be very helpful when planning or writing essays. When you’re ready to apply, you can upload the text of your essay(s) using the Google Drive icon in any of Common App’s writing questions.

Use our essay best practices FAQ for more help.

Submit your application

Review and submit your application

Get ready to begin your journey

Walk through the application with us before you apply.

Need help? Contact our Solutions Center.

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Preparing for College Checklist

By Savingforcollege.com Editorial Team

June 14, 2023

Going to college is a major life event and an important step toward your future. Planning early for your college experience can help you glide through this transitional phase in your life as smoothly and successfully as possible.

In this article, we’ll break college prep down into five phases, with suggestions on how to plan and what to do throughout each of your high school years.

College Checklist Items for Your Freshman Year

As a freshman, you’re probably more focused on adapting to high school than planning for college. After all, college is four years away, so you have plenty of time to get ready, right?

While this is true, there are still some things to think about as a freshman that can help prepare you for college.

Think about your career goals and study plans

The most important thing for a freshman to do is to think about what they want to do in the future. Teenagers often have an idea of what they want to do for a career, but if you aren’t sure or if your goals yet, then now is the time to start trying to figure them out. 

Take the time to think about what you want to do in the future and think about how you can reach those goals. 

This can help guide the classes you take while in high school and help you start narrowing down the list of schools you want to attend.

For example, if you’re interested in becoming a doctor, you’ll want to focus on science courses in high school and look for a college that has a good pre-medical program. If you know that you want to live in a city, you can focus on applying to schools in a major city. 

Not sure what you want to do? Sign up for different elective classes, join recreational activities or start volunteering for causes that might interest you. 

Getting a taste of what’s out there will help you eliminate options you don’t enjoy and may open you up to career paths you weren’t previously aware of. 

If your high school has a college fair, it’s a good idea to check it out in each of your years at school. It can help you get an idea of what schools you might want to attend.

College Checklist Items for Your Sophomore Year

Once you have a year of high school under your belt, you can start thinking more seriously about college.

Start building a resume

The college admissions process can be highly competitive. College admission committees want to admit students that are intelligent and who have good grades, but they also want to build a well-rounded student body that is diverse and has many different interests.

You should strive to do well academically in high school, taking challenging classes and earning good grades. If your school offers Advanced Placement classes, dual enrollment, or other high-level classes, consider taking one or more of them. 

Beyond looking good on a college application, some of these classes will let you earn college credit before you leave high school, which can save you time and money. Your school counselor can help you learn about the classes that are available.

If you didn’t join any clubs in your freshman year, sophomore year is a great time to get involved. 

Admissions committees often like to see students that participate in a variety of extracurricular activities. Earning a leadership position in a club can also look good on an application.

Most high schools have lots of different clubs, so it’s almost certain that you can find one you enjoy. You might also want to choose a club that can help you build a skill, like joining the debate team to learn public speaking.

Take the PSAT or equivalent exams

There aren’t many people who enjoy taking standardized tests, but many colleges want students to submit scores from tests like the SAT or the ACT as part of their application.

One of the best ways to improve your performance on a standardized test is to practice for it. 

The Preliminary SAT (PSAT) is a practice test that students can take to help them prepare for taking the SAT later during their high school career.

Scores from the PSAT are used to determine eligibility and qualification for the National Merit Scholarship Program, so doing well on the PSAT can also help you earn a scholarship that will pay for some of your college education.

If you prefer alternatives to the SAT, like the ACT, there are also practice tests available for it.

College Checklist Items for Your Junior Year

When you enter your junior year, you’re halfway through your high school experience. At this point, you should have a better idea of your goals for college and your future career and be ready to take more concrete steps toward reaching those goals.

Take the SAT or equivalent exams

The College Board offers the SAT seven times each year in March, May, June, August, October, November, and December. The official recommendation from the College Board is to take the SAT for the first time in the spring of your junior year.

Before your test, it’s a good idea to do some test practice, even if you’ve already taken the PSAT in your sophomore year. 

There are many websites that offer free SAT practice questions and exam-taking advice, as well as SAT workbooks and other training materials. Your school may also have resources that you can use to prepare for the test.

Before your testing day, eat a good meal and get a good night’s rest. The next day, go to the testing site and do your best.

The SAT has three sections, math, reading and writing, and an optional essay (though some colleges require that you submit your essay score). 

The math and reading and writing sections are scored on a scale of 200–800, while the essay is scored on a scale of 24, with students earning between 2 and 8 points each for reading, analysis, and writing.

You can take the SAT multiple times, so don’t worry if you don’t do as well as you hoped the first time you take the test. According to the College Board, two out of three students earn a better score on their second SAT.

Think about paying for school

With college just a couple of years away, it’s time to deal with the reality that higher education costs money. As a junior, it’s time to start thinking about how you plan to pay for that education.

The first thing to do is to discuss paying for school with your parents. Talk with them about how much, if any, money they have set aside for college, and if they’re able to help you pay for school.

Most families can’t pay for the entirety of a college education out of pocket, but there are many other ways to handle paying for school.

One way to reduce the price of college is to spend less time in college. If you can take Advanced Placement classes that will let you earn college credits, you’ll have fewer classes you need to take, which can help you save on tuition.

You can also start setting money aside to pay for classes or living expenses while you’re at school. If you have a part-time job or a summer job, open a savings account or a 529 plan.

You should also look into grants and scholarships that you might be eligible for. 

Many schools will send a financial aid offer as part of their acceptance package after you apply, but there are lots of ways to get money for college outside of the aid offered by your school. 

Local community groups and national organizations offer scholarships for all sorts of reasons. There are thousands of scholarships available nationally for all types of students.

Look around for scholarships that you can start applying for or grant programs that you can take advantage of. 

Many students also use student loans to help pay for school. 

While you don’t need to get the loans yet, it’s a good idea to start thinking about how much you’ll need to borrow and how much it will cost. 

Different schools charge different amounts, and knowing how much you’ll have to borrow to go to a private school instead of a public one may help you make your decision.

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College Checklist Items for Your Senior Year

Your senior year is your final year of high school, so you should be getting ready to apply to college and choose one from the schools that admit you. You’ll also want to finish high school strong so that you’re ready for the academic rigor of college.

Submit the FAFSA

One of the most important things to do near the beginning of your senior year is to submit the Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA) . The government and schools use the FAFSA to determine how much financial aid, in the form of grants and loans, you qualify for.

Much of the aid is awarded on a first-come, first-served basis, so the earlier you file your FAFSA, the better your chances of getting more aid. For the 2024-25 school year, FAFSA applications will be available beginning December of 2023.

Even if you already took the SAT or another exam, like the ACT, in your junior year, you may want to consider taking it a second time as a senior.

If your initial score was not as good as you hoped, or you believe that you can do better, taking the test a second time can help you earn a higher score, which can improve your chances of getting into the college you want to attend.

Apply to colleges

Most colleges have an application deadline in the fall or winter of the year preceding admission. That means that unless you’re planning to take a year off, you should start submitting applications early in your senior year.

When choosing what colleges to apply to, there are a few things to consider.

Of course, you should apply to the schools you want to attend based on their location and the quality of the education they provide. 

However, you should also be realistic about your chances of admission, especially if you’re applying to some of the top schools in the country. 

Consider applying to a less prestigious “safety” school that you’re confident that you can get into, just to make sure you have options. This can also reduce your stress level while you’re waiting to hear back from your school of choice. 

Also consider how much the schools you’re applying to cost, and their reputation for financial aid. If you’re planning to borrow to pay for college costs, you may want to include a few less expensive schools in the list of schools you apply to.

Choose a school

Colleges usually send admissions decisions in the late winter and early spring. Once you’ve received decisions from the schools you applied to, it’s time to make the decision about the school you want to attend.

This is an important choice, so you should take your time and consider every factor, including the cost of the school, the financial aid package it has offered, and its reputation. 

If you didn’t visit the school’s campuses before applying, now is a good time to do so. It gives you a chance to see what the campus is like and to get a feel for the student body to see if you’d fit in.

College Checklist Items for The Summer After Senior Year

Once you’ve chosen a college and graduated from high school, it’s time to get ready for the big move.

Buy school supplies and get ready to move

Before you get to college, you should make sure you have everything you need for school. That includes textbooks, a computer, notebooks and pens, and other school supplies. But there are many other things you’ll need to bring as well.

For most people, college is the first time they’ll be living on their own, without their parents. You might be surprised at how many basic things you need to bring with you. 

You’ll need bedsheets and a blanket, storage bins to hold your things, a desk lamp, and toiletries. You’ll probably want a laundry hamper to keep your dirty clothes contained until you get around to washing them.

You might also want some equipment or decorations for your dorm room, like a TV, game system, posters, trash can, or dry-erase board.

Spend the summer thinking about the things you’ll want to have with you at college, make a checklist, and make sure they’re with you when you move.

College is an important part of your life, and preparing for the college experience can take years. You have to think about what you want your career to be, where you want to study, and how you plan to pay for the cost of your education.

Proper planning can help make the transition to college easier, putting you on the path toward educational success.

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Comprehensive Essay Checklist for Students

Table of content.

• 01. General Tips For College Essay Checklist
• 02. Structure Checklist: Three Major Elements
• 03. Points for Formatting and Works Cited List
• 04. Final Tips For Revision Checklist
• 05. Start Getting Used to Academic Success

Essay checklist is one of the best helpers students could count on in their academic pursuits. When you are writing a paper, especially with no solid experience in it, a lot of different things could confuse or perhaps intimidate you. Essay length, its formatting and content, the structure of paragraphs, research and styles of writing — everything feels foreign and complex. It is very easy to make mistakes, get a bad grade, and ruin your overall academic score. Even if one part of an essay suffers, the results will reflect it, which is something no student wants. For avoiding this unfortunate situation, having a checklist that outlines all tricky moments and general requirements is essential. You’ll be able to consult with it before, during, and after the work on an essay. This is what it’s going to include.

General Tips For College Essay Checklist

Let’s start with more general tips before narrowing the scope down and focusing on specific essay aspects. There are four major things young writers should keep in mind as they’re getting ready to start. Be sure you put a “check” across each one.

Understand what type of essay you’re writing

All papers are divided into different kinds. Some are similar while others differ from each other. From the most common types, students are usually assigned argumentative, expository, and reflective works. Find out which  type of an essay  has what goal. In argumentative essays, fight to prove your point of view. In expository papers, explain an issue or object by painting a clear detailed picture of it. Reflections should express an opinion on something you read or watched by presenting your reaction to it. Check the required type out— this will make an essay goal clear to you!    

Choose a topic you like

Choice of  essay topic idea  is rarely awarded points in professors’ essay criteria, but students’ success still depends on it to a big extent. Do you like what you’ll be writing about? Try to come up with something that you find truly interesting. If it is not an option, look for an angle that you’d like to explore — even the most boring topics have one.

Maintain academic language throughout

There are several rules to follow here: don’t use first-person pronouns unless required. Never apply contractions; rely on more advanced vocabulary. High school, college, and university all have their own level of acceptable words. Seek them out online to make sure that your paper is written appropriately.    

Use evidence

Every paper needs evidence, even if it has personal nature. Be sure to find credible academic sources created within the period of the last 5 or 7 years. Cite all claims that the general audience wouldn’t know — for instance, when mentioning specific numbers, years, or facts. Explain your line of thought with direct examples.

Structure Checklist: Three Major Elements

Within essay writing checklist,  structure of essays  plays a relevant role. There should be introduction, body, and conclusion, each of them having a specific size and vital components. This is what students should remember: intro and conclusion should take between 7-10% of the overall word count. Introduction should tease, not overwhelm readers with details. It must end with a strong thesis statement that reveals the purpose of work. Conclusion shouldn’t have new facts, so don’t present them there: simply restate information mentioned previously.

Every good paragraph checklist has special points for essay body. It has to take at least 1 paragraph, but in most cases, there will be 3 of them. College papers are a little longer while those assigned in universities could take even 10 pages, which basically makes body length unlimited. Each paragraph should have thoughtful opening and closing sentences (no direct quotes can be present), and you shouldn’t regard more than one content point in it.   

Points for Formatting and Works Cited List

Formatting is an often unpleasant but vital part of assignments. In this checklist for writing, we’ll settle on the key aspects that deserve your attention.

• Ask for formatting template.  Students could write papers in MLA, APA, Chicago, Harvard formats, etc. Ask for templates if they weren’t given and follow them closely.
• Check useful citing sites.  Before citing a source, check how reliable sites suggest doing it. For example, when adding citation for a book in MLA format, look how it should be done for in-text as well as bibliography instances.  
• Mention all details.  In most formats, you’ll have to mention authors’ names, date of publication, title, journal along with volume if available, DOI or link, publishing agency, etc. For more specific info, check out templates we discussed above.

Remember! You may always use the  conclusion generator free .

Final Tips For Revision Checklist

The time for final essay checking and re-checking has come. The more attentive you are here, the more chances of succeeding you’ll stand. Take note of the following steps:

Take a break and re-read what you wrote

If you read essay again immediately, you risk losing objectivity. At this point, it is difficult to detach yourself from your own writing. So, wait for a few hours or even days and look at this work with a new pair of eyes.   

Watch out for grammar

Start editing and  correcting your essay . Watch every sentence attentively, preferably reading it out loud. Look at punctuation, tenses, missing words, and so on.

Evaluate the flow

Content should be subject to scrutiny as well. Do all your ideas sound strong? Is there enough evidence presented to support them? Have all claims been cited? Paragraph flow is equally important. Pay attention to transitions between them: you cannot end a paragraph with one idea and jump toward another with no warning or hint. Everything should flow smoothly.

Start Getting Used to Academic Success

As you can see from our essay checklist, there is a huge number of points that require writers’ close attention. But don’t let it scare you: with practice, you will learn to do everything automatically. Consider your time carefully. It is always better to start working early than let the deadline approach and plunge into panic. Conduct detailed research, consult with professors or other students, and seek  writing help online  if you need it. During the first times you’re working on a paper, keep essay writing checklist close. Look at it from point to point, making sure you cover everything. Editing is always needed: never think that you’re done when you finish writing. As long as you remain attentive and thorough, you won’t face any serious issues.    

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Want to write a college essay that sets you apart? Three tips to give you a head start

1. Keep it real. It’s normal to want to make a good impression on the school of your choice, but it’s also important to show who you really are. So just be yourself! Compelling stories might not be perfectly linear or have a happy ending, and that’s OK. It’s best to be authentic instead of telling schools what you think they want to hear.

2. Be reflective . Think about how you’ve changed during high school. How have you grown and improved? What makes you feel ready for college, and how do you hope to contribute to the campus community and society at large?

3. Look to the future. Consider your reasons for attending college. What do you hope to gain from your education? What about college excites you the most, and what would you like to do after you graduate? Answering these questions will not only give colleges insight into the kind of student you’ll be, but it will also give you the personal insight you’ll need to choose the school that’s right for you.

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Navigating the College Application Process: A Timeline for High School Students and Their Parents 

The college application process can feel like a mountain to climb, especially at the start of the school year. Many students and parents find it overwhelming to keep track of all the requirements, deadlines, and steps needed to ensure a smooth application journey. But fear not! With a clear plan and a timeline to follow, you can tackle each task with confidence and ease. This guide will provide you with an easy-to-follow timeline and checklist to navigate the college application process for both juniors and seniors. 

College Application Timeline for Juniors  

Starting early can make a huge difference. Junior year is the perfect time to begin preparing for college applications. Here’s a step-by-step guide to help you get started: 

• Research Colleges  

Begin researching colleges that interest you. Look at factors such as location, size, majors offered, campus culture, and extracurricular opportunities. Make a list of potential colleges and keep detailed notes on each. 

Winter  

• Take the PSAT/NMSQT  

Taking the PSAT/NMSQT in October can qualify you for National Merit Scholarships and give you practice for the SAT. Use the results to identify areas where you need improvement. 

Spring  

• Plan Your Standardized Tests  

Decide whether to take the SAT, ACT, or both. Register for the tests and consider taking a prep course or studying with online resources. Aim to take these tests in the spring and again in the fall of your senior year if needed. 

• Visit Colleges  

Spring break is an ideal time to visit college campuses. Take tours, attend information sessions, and talk to current students. This will help you get a feel for each campus and narrow down your list. 

Summer  

• Begin Drafting Your College Essay  

Begin brainstorming and writing your essay, focusing on experiences that define you and what makes you unique. Highlight achievements that align with your chosen fields of study. Starting early gives you ample time for revisions. 

• Refine Your College List  

Narrow down your majors and use that focus to select the schools you’ll apply to. 

College Application Timeline for Seniors  

Senior year is all about putting your plan into action. Here’s how to stay on track and meet all your application deadlines: 

Fall   

• Finalize Your College List  

Review your list of colleges and narrow it down to a manageable number. Make sure you have a mix of reach, match, and safety schools. Check each school’s application requirements and deadlines. 

• Request Letters of Recommendation  

Ask teachers, counselors, or mentors for letters of recommendation. Give them plenty of time and provide them with any necessary information about your achievements and goals. 

• Take the SAT or ACT Again  

Many seniors retake the SAT in the fall as part of their college planning timeline. The additional coursework you completed since your last test could help you boost your performance. Plus, you’ll already know what to expect on test day. 

• Complete Applications  

Work on your college applications, including the Common Application if applicable. Make sure to fill out all sections accurately and proofread for errors. Submit your applications well before the deadlines. Colleges may require test scores and applications between November 1 and November 15 for early decision/early action admission and by January 1 for regular decision. 

• Keep Your Grades Up  

Your grade point average (GPA) is one of the most heavily considered factors in the college admissions process. Colleges use your GPA to assess your academic abilities and potential success handling college-level coursework. 

• Apply for Financial Aid  

Complete the Free Application for Federal Student Aid ( FAFSA ) as soon as possible after October 1st. Research and apply for scholarships and grants to help fund your education. 

• Review Admission Decisions  

As decisions come in, review your acceptance letters and financial aid offers. Compare the packages and consider all factors before making your final decision. Notify the colleges of your decision by their deadlines. 

• Prepare for College  

Once you’ve chosen a college, complete any remaining paperwork, register for orientation, and plan your move. Start looking forward to your college adventure! 

Set yourself up for success and develop skills for life after graduation. Whether you’re looking to hone interview skills, plan for college, craft a compelling résumé, or build future plans, career coaches can equip you with the knowledge and confidence to get ahead. High school students at K12-powered public schools can access this professional, experienced guidance, all at no extra cost. Students not attending K12-powered schools can attend live monthly webinars with students across the nation at no cost. 

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How To Prepare for College: The Ultimate Guide for High School Students

College prep steps, research colleges you may be interested in, understand each college’s admission requirements, take standardized tests, participate in extracurriculars, take a variety of high school courses, save for college, attend college fairs, talk to your guidance counselor, round up application materials, consider financial aid options, visit campus if possible, tips for preparing for college, stay organized, build good study habits, take ap or dual-credit courses, practice your writing, build your leadership skills, ready to start your education, related blogs.

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• How to Apply for College | Timeline, Templates & Checklist

How to Apply for College | Timeline, Templates & Checklist

Published on October 18, 2021 by Kirsten Courault . Revised on May 24, 2024.

Most US college application deadlines for undergraduate programs are between late November and mid-March, and you should start thinking about applying for college the summer before junior year. Your application should typically include the following:

• Personal information, extracurriculars, and awards
• Transcripts
• Standardized test scores
• Recommendation letters

Table of contents

College application timeline, research schools, apply for financial aid, take standardized tests, write college application essays, complete college applications, other interesting articles, frequently asked questions about college application essays.

Use our timeline to make sure you’re on track with all the different parts of your college application.

To save the timeline and refer back to it throughout your application process, you can download the PDF below.

College application timeline (.pdf)

Prevent plagiarism. Run a free check.

Most students apply to several different schools. After researching schools and deciding which ones you’ll apply to, you should keep track of their deadlines and requirements.

Make your college list

Begin compiling a college list the summer before your junior year. Start researching schools based on their academic programs, financial aid packages, clubs and activities, and geographical location.

You should have a final list of your top schools by the second semester of your junior year, so you can plan for college visits that same semester. To maximize your options, aim to apply for eight schools:

• Two reach schools where it might be difficult for you to get accepted
• Four match schools where you have a good chance of getting accepted
• Two safety schools where you feel confident you’ll get accepted

Visit schools

Take time to do on-campus or virtual visits to prospective schools, but avoid visiting in the summer, when less faculty and staff are available to meet on campus. For highly selective schools, you should consider visiting campuses during the second semester of your junior year to meet and demonstrate interest to admissions officers and professors before you apply in the fall.

You can attend in-person or virtual college fairs to talk with current students and alumni. High school visits, where admissions officers from universities visit high schools, are also useful to learn more about a particular university.

Consider where you’d feel most happy learning and living based on the school and class sizes, academic programs, and geographical location.

Note requirements and deadlines for each school

In the summer before your senior year, note all deadlines and requirements for your prospective schools in a document or spreadsheet.

Choose early decision, early action, regular decision, or rolling admissions

In August or September, you should choose an admissions plan for each university. Most students choose the regular decision process, with deadlines spanning from late November to mid-March.

Early decision (ED) and early action (EA) plans allow students to apply for and receive admissions decisions earlier than regular decisions. Some schools’ early decision and early action rounds are less competitive, admitting a higher percentage of students than in regular decision rounds. However, you should only choose early decision or early action if you have thoroughly researched schools and are committed to attending a particular college.

Early decision is binding: you must attend that college if accepted, unless the financial aid package is insufficient. Some universities offer two rounds of early decision deadlines (ED I and ED II), one in fall and the other in winter. The ED II round in winter gives you more time to prepare a stronger application package, research and visit colleges, and explore financial aid options.

Early action is non-binding: you have until the May 1 deadline to choose which college to attend. It also allows you to explore more financial aid packages from schools you are accepted to. Some highly selective private schools offer restrictive early action, which is also non-binding, but prevents students from applying ED/EA to other private schools.

Students should prepare application materials for other schools’ regular decision deadlines if their early decision or early action applications are rejected.

Some schools also offer rolling admission , which offers a flexible six-month application window and a decision response around four to eight weeks after submission. However, rolling admission favors early applicants, since admission stops once the class reaches capacity.

You can alleviate some, or even all, of the financial burden of college by applying for federal student aid, application waivers, or scholarships from schools, corporations, or charitable foundations.

Apply for the FAFSA

As early as October 1, you can file your Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA) to determine your eligibility for loans, grants, and work study. Your Student Aid Report (SAR) should be mailed to you about four weeks after you file the application.

International students should check with the US Department of Education for financial aid opportunities.

Apply for application fee waivers

An application fee waiver removes the application fee, typically for students who demonstrate financial hardship. You or your guidance counselor can request an application fee waiver.

Complete scholarship applications

Ask your school counselor, local community groups, and prospective colleges about scholarship opportunities as early as the beginning of your junior year. Throughout your high school career, continue compiling a list of scholarship opportunities in a scholarship application tracker spreadsheet .

Highlight overlapping essay prompts, so you can write one essay that covers multiple prompts. Sometimes you can adapt your main college essay into a scholarship essay. However, remember to tailor each essay to the prompt.

Start filling out scholarship applications, gathering required documents, and writing scholarship essays in the summer before your senior year. Throughout your senior year, apply for as many scholarship applications as possible; many students don’t take advantage of scholarship opportunities.

Register and take your standardized tests in your junior year to allow sufficient time to prepare for the test and retake it if necessary.

Take the SAT or ACT

To practice for the official test, you should register for and take the Preliminary Scholastic Assessment Test (PSAT) or the Pre-American College Test (PreACT) in either your sophomore year or the fall of your junior year.

Take the Scholastic Assessment Test (SAT) or American College Test (ACT) in the spring of your junior year to allow sufficient time to retake the exam in the fall of your senior year if needed. Register for the SAT or ACT at least a month before your testing date to avoid late registration fees.

Due to the COVID pandemic, some schools no longer require students to submit test scores. However, you should still take the SAT or ACT and aim to get a high score to strengthen your application package.

Take Advanced Placement exams

If applicable, take your Advanced Placement (AP) exams in May of your sophomore, junior, and senior years. Depending on the school’s policies, if you score a 4 or 5 on an AP exam, you can earn college credit for certain first-year courses.

Your college application essays give you the opportunity to personalize your application. Colleges look for an essay that differentiates you from others and demonstrates your positive traits. Start brainstorming topics and drafting your essays the summer before your senior year to give yourself sufficient time for revising and receiving feedback.

If you’re struggling for time, check out our tips on writing your college essay fast .

Write your main college admissions essays

It’s a good idea to start working on your essays the summer before your senior year. Some essays can be reused or revised for different schools, depending on the prompt—though you might have to adjust its length if different colleges have different word count limits. The process of brainstorming and writing the first draft typically takes one to three weeks.

Write supplemental essays

Start writing any supplemental essays (such “Why this college?” essays and diversity essays ) in August or September of your senior year. Be careful when responding to these prompts, which are usually more specific than main college essay prompts. As with your main college essays, revise and get feedback on these essays.

Revise your essays and get feedback

Start revising your essay after you’ve written your first draft. Most students go through multiple drafts and take about two to four weeks to revise and get feedback. Remember to take breaks between editing stages.

In August or September of your senior year, get feedback from two to three people—ideally people who know you well, have good writing skills, and are familiar with college application essays. You can also get help from an essay coach or editor. Scribbr essay coaches can help.

Explore the essay coaching service

Begin creating accounts and filling in your personal information on college application portals the summer before your senior year. Start collecting and requesting official documents and recommendation letters at least three to four weeks before the deadline.

Create accounts on college application portals

After creating a prospective college list, create accounts on their respective application portals in the summer before your senior year.

The Common Application , with over 900 member universities, is the most popular. The Coalition Application, with more than 150 member universities, offers resources to help all students gain access to college.

Some schools, such as the University of California system, MIT, and Georgetown University, have their own application portals.

Fill out your personal information, extracurriculars, and awards

It’s a good idea to start a list of your extracurriculars, awards, jobs, and leadership experience in your sophomore year. Throughout your high school career, keep adding to your list, which can also be used to build your resume if needed.

Upload your essays

If you paste your essay directly into the text box, remember it won’t retain formatting like italics or bold text. Sometimes, dashes or other characters might alter the word count, so check that you’ve respected the word limit after inputting your essays.

If you have to upload a file, make it a PDF. Use a simple standard font, like Times New Roman, and format spacing to 1.5 or double space.

Send your high school transcripts and test scores

As soon as you complete your part of the application, ensure your school counselor sends your transcripts to the right colleges. Make sure your SAT, ACT, and AP scores have been sent to the correct schools. Some schools allow results to be self-reported, while others require official score reports from testing organizations.

Request letters of recommendation

Many colleges require one to two letters of recommendation from a teacher, counselor, coach, or employer who knows you well. As early as the end of your junior year, you should unofficially notify teachers or counselors of upcoming requests to give them sufficient time to write a thoughtful personalized letter during the summer.

Once you have completed your portion of the online application, send an official request through the application portals and check whether your recommenders have submitted their letters two to three weeks before the deadline.

Write your resume

Some schools require you to write a resume. While you may not have much or any work experience, you can highlight your educational career. Include your academic achievements, awards, projects, and leadership positions. You can also include any work experience, internships, or summer programs.

Review your application

Before submitting, double-check that all necessary materials are included.

Here’s a checklist you can use to track your progress through the application process.

College application checklist

I’ve researched schools and made my college list.

I’ve done on-campus and/or virtual visits to prospective schools.

I’ve chosen application plan deadlines for each school.

I’ve organized deadlines and requirements in a college application tracker.

I’ve filed my FAFSA.

I’ve submitted scholarship applications.

I’ve taken my standardized tests.

I’ve written my college application essays .

I’ve created accounts on application portals.

I’ve filled out my personal information, extracurriculars, and awards.

I’ve requested my test scores be sent to the correct colleges.

I’ve requested my transcripts be sent to the correct colleges.

I’ve requested recommendation letters.

I’ve paid application fees or applied for application waivers.

I’ve checked that my application has all the necessary documents and information.

Congratulations!

It looks like your application is ready to submit. Good luck with getting accepted!

If you want to know more about academic writing , effective communication , or parts of speech , make sure to check out some of our other articles with explanations and examples.

Academic writing

• Writing process
• Transition words
• Passive voice
• Paraphrasing

 Communication

• How to end an email
• Ms, mrs, miss
• How to start an email
• I hope this email finds you well
• Hope you are doing well

 Parts of speech

• Personal pronouns
• Conjunctions

You should start thinking about your college applications the summer before your junior year to give you sufficient time for college visits, taking standardized tests, applying for financial aid , writing essays, and collecting application material.

In general, for your college application you will need to submit all of the following:

• Your personal information
• List of extracurriculars and awards
• College application essays
• Recommendation letters.

Different colleges may have specific requirements, so make sure you check exactly what’s expected in the application guidance.

The college admissions essay accounts for roughly 25% of the weight of your application .

At highly selective schools, there are four qualified candidates for every spot. While your academic achievements are important, your college admissions essay can help you stand out from other applicants with similar profiles.

To maximize your options, you should aim to apply to about eight schools:

• Two reach schools that might be difficult to get into
• Four match schools that you have a good chance of getting into
• Two safety schools that you feel confident you’ll get into

Apply early for federal student aid and application fee waivers. You can also look for scholarships from schools, corporations, and charitable foundations.

Depending on your prospective schools’ requirements, you may need to submit scores for the SAT or ACT as part of your college application .

Some schools now no longer require students to submit test scores; however, you should still take the SAT or ACT and aim to get a high score to strengthen your application package.

Aim to take the SAT or ACT in the spring of your junior year to give yourself enough time to retake it in the fall of your senior year if necessary.

College deadlines vary depending on the schools you’re applying to and your application plan:

• For early action applications and the first round of early decision applications, the deadline is on November 1 or 15. Decisions are released by mid-December.
• For the second round of early decision applications, the deadline is January 1 or 15. Decisions are released in January or February.
• Regular decision deadlines usually fall between late November and mid-March, and decisions are released in March or April.
• Rolling admission deadlines run from July to April, and decisions are released around four to eight weeks after submission.

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3 strategies to help college students pick the right major the first time around and avoid some big hassles

Postdoctoral Research Fellow in Educational Psychology at the United States Coast Guard Academy, University of Connecticut

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Not long after new college students have finished choosing the college that is right for them , they are asked to declare an academic major. For some students, this decision is easy, as their majors may have actually influenced their choice of college. Unfortunately, this decision is not always an easy one to make, and college students frequently change their minds.

For instance, according to the National Center for Education Statistics, 30% of undergraduates changed their major at least once.

While it may be common for undergraduates to change their major, it can cause them to lose time, money and opportunities . Students who experience the loss of these resources may be at risk for dropping out of college altogether .

While earning a Ph.D. in educational psychology , I conducted a study that highlighted students’ experiences upon changing their majors. I wanted to know why students made the switch and what that experience was like.

The results of my study showed that students became disoriented about their majors during their undergraduate education. Oftentimes, they were influenced by professors and advisers who were dismissive of their aspirations and abilities . These students experienced failure , which sometimes ruined their motivation. Failure may be commonplace in certain majors, but these students believed themselves to be outliers, viewing failure as a hit to their self-esteem .

So, what is a college student to do when faced with such an important decision? It is tempting to give into fear, indecisiveness or worry. But rest assured, using the following strategies to select the right major will also help sustain your motivation when the going gets tough.

1. Make a career plan

Creating a career plan is one of the ways that students can bolster their chances of success in their chosen majors. When creating a career plan, think about the career that you want to have in the future and consider the academic and professional paths that could lead to that career. Researchers have found that students who made career plans were more likely to persist in their academic majors.

When making a career plan, you should reflect on your beliefs about work, your interest in various academic subjects and your abilities. Exploring these factors may be one of the reasons why students who complete career plans are more likely to stick with their majors . Use your reflections to guide you as you search for careers that you would enjoy. Then, identify a specific career and outline the steps that you will have to take during your time at college that will help prepare you for that career.

2. Do your research

College students sometimes drop out of their selected majors because they have become disenchanted with the academic area they have chosen . Or they may find themselves more attracted to a different academic major altogether. For others, the desire to switch majors may occur after they get a taste of what it is like to work in that field, particularly during work-placement opportunities. One study found this to be true for some nursing majors , who shared that their first clinical placements showed them that they were not well suited to perform the duties of a nurse.

To avoid these sorts of outcomes, it is important to do your research about the job that you are interested in pursuing, as well as any related jobs. Is there one that would be better suited to your abilities and your preferences? Is there someone you can talk to who can tell you more about what an average day looks like at a particular job? Ask yourself which aspects of the job you could see yourself enjoying, as well as the parts of the job that you think you might dislike. While it is possible to switch out of your major once your interests become more apparent, you will save a good deal of time and energy by initially choosing a major that is aligned with your interests and abilities.

3. Brace yourself for challenge

It may come as a surprise when you are presented with incredibly challenging material during your first semester at college. Students who were at the top of their class may be particularly shocked when they receive their first low grade on an exam. You should not assume, however, that you have made the wrong choice of academic major simply because you performed poorly on one test. Negative feedback from college advisers and instructors can influence a student’s choice to switch out of their major.

The possibility of failure can be so discouraging to students that they can lose their ambition on the first day of class , before they have experienced any academic failure at all. Hold on to the confidence that guided you to select your major in the first place, and prepare yourself for the academic challenges that await you in whichever major you choose.

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