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The significance of cultural policy—case study of south korea.

1. Introduction

2. literature review, 3. cultural policies until 1989, 4. changes in cultural policies after 1989, 5. methods of implementing the cultural policies and results, 6. discussion, 7. conclusions, author contributions, institutional review board statement, informed consent statement, data availability statement, conflicts of interest.

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Share and Cite

Ścibiorska-Kowalczyk, I.; Cichoń, J. The Significance of Cultural Policy—Case Study of South Korea. Sustainability 2021 , 13 , 13805. https://doi.org/10.3390/su132413805

Ścibiorska-Kowalczyk I, Cichoń J. The Significance of Cultural Policy—Case Study of South Korea. Sustainability . 2021; 13(24):13805. https://doi.org/10.3390/su132413805

Ścibiorska-Kowalczyk, Izabela, and Julia Cichoń. 2021. "The Significance of Cultural Policy—Case Study of South Korea" Sustainability 13, no. 24: 13805. https://doi.org/10.3390/su132413805

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Constance DeVereaux, Steffen Höhne, Martin Tröndle, Miriam Paeslack (Eds.)

ISBN 978-3-8376-6867-4

transcript.

The current issue can be ordered from the publisher.

The  Journal of Cultural Management and Cultural Policy  is dedicated to international perspectives that address a wide range of issues in cultural management and cultural policy research and practice. We invite articles that reflect on organizational structures of creative enterprises, economic and managerial issues in the arts, cultural policy in all its dimensions, as well as creative and aesthetic processes in cultural production, distribution and perception.

Introduction

Locating Engagement: A Concept in Cultural Management. A Conversation with Ulrike Lorenz and Martin Tröndle.

Miriam Paeslack

Critical Issues on Arts Engagement versus the Non-Visitor

10.14361/zkmm-2024-0101

Democratization of Culture or Cultural Democracy? Theater in Germany and England

Birgit Mandel

Research Article

In Germany, as in England, only a minority of the population, predominantly the higher educated, attends state-subsidized theaters. For theaters, attracting audiences from hitherto underrepresented groups of the population is not just a matter of increasing attendance in the short term, but also of securing their legitimacy in the longer term. For cultural policy, the challenge is to guarantee a higher degree of participatory justice. The article discusses the perspectives of a participation-oriented audience development against the background of the national regimes of theater governance in Germany and England, which are characterized by different models and legitimation patterns of theater funding.

10.14361/zkmm-2024-0102

The untapped potential of keyworker and recommendation strategies using the example of a program evaluation in the theater

Johannes Maria Gerlitz

Personal recommendations and word-of-mouth communication are central to information gathering and the decision-making process for visiting a cultural institution. More and more publicly funded theaters want to use this resource of their existing audience more effectively in order to attract and retain (non-)visitors, break down access barriers and strengthen their legitimacy. They are therefore implementing multiplier and intermediary projects at their theaters that are based on the keyworker strategy. The case study uses the evaluation method of the CIPP model to show the framework conditions, strategic approaches, implementation practices, and effects at four theaters that implemented such multiplier projects during the 2020/21 season. It shows that the implementation of the projects only partially accomplished the objectives. The theaters have either not internalized audience development and comprehensive visitor orientation as a fundamental organizational philosophy or this has not yet manifested itself in the existing work processes and organizational structures.

10.14361/zkmm-2024-0103

Financial Implications of Engagement Between Higher Education Institutions and Professional Nonprofit Theatres in New England

Jay Pension

The purpose of this study is to test whether nonprofit theatres in New England that are engaged with higher education institutions (HEIs) have increased revenues over those that are not. Besides revenue, the study also tests two additional measures of financial well-being: expense-to-revenue ratios, and employee-cost-to-total-expenses ratios. The results showed that theatres that had discernable HEI engagement have greater total revenue and lower expense-to-revenue ratios over theatres that did not. Notably, regardless of the size of the theatre, those with discernible HEI engagement operated, on average, with a surplus. Conversely, theatres with no discernible HEI engagement operated, on average, with a deficit. The study found no difference in employee-cost-to-total-expense ratios. Resource Dependence Theory is used to explore why engagement with HEI’s may improve the financial status of nonprofit theatres. The implication of these results through a resource dependency lens is that HEI engagement creates paths to increase total revenue and reduce expense-to-revenue ratios of nonprofit theatres.

doi 10.14361/zkmm-2024-0104

Comparing Visitors’ and Non-Visitors’ Motivations and Sociodemographics: The Case of the Swiss Science Center Technorama

Frank Hannich, Leticia Labaronne, Roy Schedler, Lara Leuschen, Reto Heierli

Engaging with new and broader audiences is increasingly relevant for cultural institutions. For that reason, visitor studies have become an established part of cultural management and research. Reaching out to new and broader audiences requires non-visitor research as well. Focusing on the case of the Swiss Science Center Technorama this study compares characteristics, needs and motivations of both non-visitors and visitors and shows, based on Falk’s phenotypes, how this information can be used for targeted offerings and digital marketing communications. The results affirm well-known barriers such as price and distance, but also show potential of better targeted offerings and digital communications.

10.14361/zkmm-2024-0105

Non-visitors and museums – a practice approach

Astrid Kurzeja-Christinck, Ute Marie Metje

While visitor research in cultural institutions is becoming more and more commonplace and systematic, interest in non-visitor research is currently increasing. However, the few existing approaches to investigating non-visitors appear to be only partially suitable for productive institutional use, as we demonstrate in this article on the basis of three current studies. However, in view of the large number of non-visitors, who are mainly found in sections of society that are either not culturally aware or live in Germany due to migration, non-visitor research has great potential. The challenges of reaching these groups are obvious, but there is a lack of coherent implementation strategies. Against this background, a participation-oriented non-visitor study that we conducted for the Deutsches Hygiene-Museum Dresden is used to present a possible approach and explain how a cultural institution can approach non-visitors. This case study shows how non-visitor research can function as part of a change process.

0.14361/zkmm-2024-0106

Audience engagement as practice: From extraordinary to everyday

Goran Tomka

This essay challenges the conventional view of audience engagement in arts and culture, arguing that it’s more about habitual, everyday processes than the usually highlighted exceptional moments. Current approaches to researching and teaching audience engagement overly focus on one-off events, overlooking broader contexts and long-term habitual practices. Through a practice lens, audience engagement emerges as interconnected, routinized processes within organizations. Changing engagement requires systemic shifts, acknowledging the stability and sociability of practices. Traditional methods of audience research and education must evolve towards deeper qualitative analyses; cultural policy should prioritize meaningful engagement over superficial metrics; and cultural management needs to care for genuine engagement recognizing diverse organizational practices. The essay is a call for embracing the everyday, underreported social interactions that form the true foundation of audience engagement.

10.14361/zkmm-2024-0107

The concept of Audience Development vs. Arts Marketing: A Critical Analysis

Piotr Firych

This essay compares the concept of Audience Development (AD) to arts marketing in order to tease out both similarities and differences. The author argues that it is not necessary to define arts marketing and Audience Development as having different aims and pursuits. The critical analysis relies primarily on literature review and subsequently explores the common understanding of Audience Development as well as assesses the degree of its originality with regard to existing theories and practices in the domain of arts marketing. To that end, the author introduces the concept of Audience Development and situates it within a theoretical framework. Importantly, the paper also examines the modes and means employed by cultural managers to adapt to the market-related challenges facing the cultural sector in Europe since the 1980s. The key outcome of the study is an outline of (and insight into) the cross-national beliefs in relation to the relevance of different areas of AD practices in the European context. The essay concludes by restating the central aim, that Audience Development and arts marketing have a great deal in common.

10.14361/zkmm-2024-0108

The Art of Diversity: Creating Cultural Organizations and their Personnel, Public, Program, and Partners

Chenhao Zhoua, Hans van Dijkb, Brian Doornenbalc

This paper investigates the impact of Diversity & Inclusion (D&I) policies, diversity climate, and inclusive leadership on the diversity of cultural organizations across four Ps: Personnel, Program, Public (audience), and Partners. Using data from an online D&I scan of 295 Dutch cultural organizations, we observed a positive association between the overall D&I policy and diversity outcomes. Additionally, we found a positive association between D&I policies targeting a specific P and diversity outcomes for that specific P. Furthermore, our analysis highlights the pivotal role of inclusive leadership in translating D&I policies into tangible outcomes. Our findings reveal that inclusive leadership not only directly influences the synergy climate, but also strengthens the link between D&I policies and the fairness climate. Overall, our study offers insights into how to effectively enhance diversity and inclusion in cultural organizations.

10.14361/zkmm-2024-0109

Whose cultural capital? Towards an interdisciplinary understanding of cultural capital through cultural value

Patrycja Kaszynska

Two articulations of cultural capital found in two disciplinary contexts are examined: one from Bourdieu’s sociology and one from Throsby’s cultural economics. These conceptions, it is argued, intersect in the notion of cultural value and need to be integrated. Bourdieu needs Throsby for cultural capital to be an object of decision-making but Throsby needs Bourdieu to make the definitional feature of cultural capital—cultural value—meaningful. This is because cultural value is not an aggregated sum of individual utilities the way economics conceives of value; but, and in line with Bourdieu, it is constituted through the collective meaning-making of situated social agents. Rather than a static, discrete object of measurement, cultural capital is a mutable and relational object of interpretation in social contexts and must be understood accordingly, before it can be calculated in economic terms. Cultural policy needs the humanities and sociology before it can make use of economics.

10.14361/zkmm-2024-0110

Measuring diversity in visitor research. Results from the 4th workshop of the working group Methods of Empirical (Cultural User) Research of the Association of Cultural Management on February 18, 2022 in Berlin

Thomas Renz, Vera Allmanritter

10.14361/zkmm-2024-0111

Review: Editor’s Picks

Book Review

doi 10.14361/zkmm-2024-0112

Review: SUSAN MAGSAMEN and IVY ROSS: Your Brain on Art: How the Arts Transform Us. New York (Random House) 2023, 280 pp. ANJAN CHATTERJEE: The Aesthetic Brain: How We Evolved to Desire Beauty and Enjoy Art. New York (Oxford University Press) 2014, 217 pp.

Constance Devereaux

10.14361/zkmm-2024-0113

2019 Sind wir bereit für eine Musikwirtschaft 5.0? Ein Essay zu gegenwärtigen Problemstellungen und zukünftigen Herausforderungen

Wolf-Georg Zaddach

Cultural Leadership

2019 ‘southern’ perspectives about cultural management: some thoughts.

Lorena Vicini

2021 Das dualistische Regime der EU im Umgang mit kultureller Diversität Das Konzept der Kultur im Programm Kreatives Europa (2014-2019; 2021-2027) und in der Strategie für internationale Kulturbeziehungen (2016-)

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Digital Arts and Culture: Transformation or Transgression?

2021 digitale plattformen als vermittler von dialogischer ko-kreation verdrängter objektbiografien.

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2018 Die Neustrukturierung der Altersbeziehung kultureller Partizipation Ein Langzeitvergleich bundesweiter Bevölkerungsumfragen

Karl-Heinz Reuband

Kultur im Umbruch

2017 evaluation im kulturpolitischen wirkungsbereich grundprobleme und herausforderungen.

Tasos Zembylas

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2020 „you get what you want, but not what you need.“ eine curriculum-analyse künstlerisch-instrumentaler studiengänge.

Esther Bishop

Creative Cities off the Beaten Path

2013 die bewertung eines theaterbesuchs aus zuschauerperspektive eine empirische analyse zum einfluss persönlicher merkmale.

Johanna Jobst, Sabine Boerner

Die Kunst des Möglichen – Management mit Kunst

2013 learning from bayreuth richard wagner als kulturmanager.

Joachim Landkammer

2013 Virtuose, Interpret, Komponist, Impresario Frei-gebunden - unter Erfolgszwang und vom Hunger bedroht. Beobachtungen aus dem Blick zurück …

Helen Geyer

2019 Imposed leadership in UK funded theatre and the implications for risk and innovation

Ali Fitzgibbon

2020 Umrüstung für die Revolution: Die Zukunft der Museumsverwaltung gestalten nach COVID-19

Michelle Moon

Museum - Politics - Management

2019 politische re-formulierungen im inklusiven theater.

Gernot Wolfram, Jana Prigge, Patrick S. Föhl

Theatre – Politics – Management

2013 auswahlverfahren in der kunstförderung in deutschland ein beitrag zur prinzipiengeleiteten gestaltung und zur verfahrensgerechtigkeit.

Eckhard Braun

2019 Macht als Struktur- und Organisationsbildendes Konzept des Theaterbetriebes

Thomas Schmidt

2020 Andere Szenen, andere Städte und andere Geräusche im globalen Süden: DIY-Musik-Szenen jenseits der kreativen Stadt

Paula Guerra

2021 BJARKI VALTÝSSON: Digital Cultural Politics: From Policy to practice. Cham/CH (Palgrave Macmillan) 2020, 226 pp.

Sophie Hope

2020 Töpfe, Gürtel und Medikamentenbehälter: Herausfordernde Kategorien aus der Kolonialzeit und Klassifikationen im digitalen Zeitalter

Laura Kate Gibson

2020 Die kreative Stadt Pretoria: Die dunkle Seite der Kreativität

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2018 Der Organisationsalltag aus ästhetischer Perspektive Aktuelle Entwicklungen in der Organisationsforschung

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Wirtschaftsästhetik

2020 tourismus, erbe und kreativität: divergierende erzählungen und kulturelle ereignisse in mexi-kanischen weltkulturerbe-städten.

Marco Hernández-Escampa, Daniel Barrera-Fernández

2017 Social Desirability’s Influence on Audience Research Discerning and Reducing It

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2017 the role of culture in development from tangible and monetary measures towards social ones.

Margarida Azevedo

2020 ANDREAS RECKWITZ: Das Ende der Illusionen. Politik, Ökonomie und Kultur in der Spätmoderne. Berlin (Suhrkamp) 2019

Michael Hutter

2009 Zumutungen organisierten Arbeitens im Kulturbereich

Dirk Baecker

Research in Culture Managament

2019 das identitätsorientierte cultural leadership-verständnis und seine bedeutung für die kulturmanagementpraxis.

Hendrik Müller

2019 Struktur und Produktion eines Opernhauses und deren wechselseitige Beziehung

Clemens Jüngling

2019 Guy MORROW (2019): Artist Management. Agility in the Creative and Cultural Industries, Abingdon/ New York: Routledge

Anke Strauß

2018 Audience development in the migratory society Insights for cultural institutions based on current research

Vera Allmanritter

2016 Art and Culture as an Urban Development Tool A Diachronic Case Study

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2019 natural language processing in arts management.

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2021 Vorstellungsänderung Co-Creation in digitalen Theaterformaten. Eine Fallstudie

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2020 Smart City Cluj, vom provinziellen Hotspot zum transnationalen Knotenpunkt: Die Abenteuer einer rumänischen Möchtegern- Post-Industriestadt

Stefan-Sebastian Maftei

2019 Die Krise der Nachfolge: Zur Institutionalisierung charismatischer Herrschaft im deutschen Stadt- und Staatstheater

Christopher Balme

2019 Cultural leadership at supranational level Instrumentalisation of culture and exercise of power

Olga Kolokytha

2018 Rezeptionszentrierung als zentraler strategischer Managementansatz: Implikationen für Forschung, Produktentwicklung und Management

Annette Löseke

2011 Kulturmanagement als Organisation agonaler Kompetition

Birger P. Priddat

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2012 audience development als aufgabe von kulturmanagementforschung, zukunft publikum, 2018 discovering the meaningfulness of art in organizations experiences with add art hamburg 2015.

Ariane Berthoin Antal / Ilana Nussbaum Bitran

2017 Performance measurement and evaluation in arts management A meta-synthesis

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© 2024, Journal of Cultural Management and Cultural Policy

• Privacy Policy
• higher education
• cultural diplomacy
• career, professional role
• audience studies
• visitor motivations
• corona pandemic
• digitalization, digitization
• empirical aesthetics
• entrepreneurship
• development, transformation
• social change
• communication
• creative industries
• arts organizations, cultural organizations
• cultural participation
• cultural change
• fincancing the arts
• cultural history
• cultural economy
• cultural organizations
• art education
• cultural policy
• cultural production
• cultural sociology
• audience development, art education
• arts administration, arts management
• cultural industry
• cultural sciences
• arts research
• arts marketing
• methods development
• non-visitor studies
• organization
• audience development
• social cohesion
• non-visitor socio-demographics
• community arts
• Participatory Justice
• Theatre Governance
• theory development
• civil society, third sector

HBR Case Study: Culture Clash in the Boardroom

by Katherine Xin and Wang Haijie

The room was already packed when Liu Peijin walked in. His flight from Shanghai to Chongqing had been delayed, and he had fretted about missing the training. But fortunately he’d gotten there in time. Liu knew his presence was important. As the president of Almond China, he wanted to show his Chongqing colleagues how much he cared about the topic under discussion: ethical business practices.

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Case Studies in Intercultural Communication

Welcome to the MIC Case Studies page.

Here you will find more than fifty different case studies, developed by our former participants from the Master of Advanced Studies in Intercultural Communication. The richness of this material is that it contains real-life experiences in intercultural communication problems in various settings, such as war, family, negotiations, inter-religious conflicts, business, workplace, and others. 

Cases also include renowned organizations and global institutions, such as the United Nations, Multinationals companies, Non-Governmental Organisations, Worldwide Events, European, African, Asian and North and South America Governments and others.

Intercultural situations are characterized by encounters, mutual respect and the valorization of diversity by individuals or groups of individuals identifying with different cultures. By making the most of the cultural differences, we can improve intercultural communication in civil society, in public institutions and the business world.

How can these Case Studies help you?

These case studies were made during the classes at the Master of Advanced Studies in Intercultural Communication. Therefore, they used the most updated skills, tools, theories and best practices available.   They were created by participants working in the field of public administration; international organizations; non-governmental organizations; development and cooperation organizations; the business world (production, trade, tourism, etc.); the media; educational institutions; and religious institutions. Through these case studies, you will be able to learn through real-life stories, how practitioners apply intercultural communication skills in multicultural situations.

Why are we opening our "Treasure Chest" for you?

We believe that Intercultural Communication has a growing role in the lives of organizations, companies and governments relationship with the public, between and within organizations. There are many advanced tools available to access, analyze and practice intercultural communication at a professional level.  Moreover, professionals are demanded to have an advanced cross-cultural background or experience to deal efficiently with their environment. International organizations are requiring workers who are competent, flexible, and able to adjust and apply their skills with the tact and sensitivity that will enhance business success internationally. Intercultural communication means the sharing of information across diverse cultures and social groups, comprising individuals with distinct religious, social, ethnic, and educational backgrounds. It attempts to understand the differences in how people from a diversity of cultures act, communicate and perceive the world around them. For this reason, we are sharing our knowledge chest with you, to improve and enlarge intercultural communication practice, awareness, and education.

We promise you that our case studies, which are now also yours, will delight, entertain, teach, and amaze you. It will reinforce or change the way you see intercultural communication practice, and how it can be part of your life today. Take your time to read them; you don't need to read all at once, they are rather small and very easy to read. The cases will always be here waiting for you. Therefore, we wish you an insightful and pleasant reading.

These cases represent the raw material developed by the students as part of their certification project. MIC master students are coming from all over the world and often had to write the case in a non-native language. No material can be reproduced without permission. ©   Master of Advanced Studies in Intercultural Communication , Università della Svizzera italiana, Switzerland.

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Analysis of the Impact of Cultural Components on the Development of Creative Urban Tourism in the Historical Textures the Case Study A Tabriz Historical Bazaar

Document Type : Article extracted From phd dissertation

• Hasan Satari Sarban Qoli
• Arash Saghafi Asl

Department of Architecture and Urban Planning, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran

• Handicraft Development
• Urban Creative Tourism
• Historical Bazaar of Tabriz
• Amini, A & Zaidi, Z. (2014). The cultural effects of tourism in rural areas from the perspective of the local community (case study: Abyaneh village). Geographical Research Quarterly , 30 (2), 13-32. [In Persian]
• Bakas, F. E., Duxbury, N., & de Castro, T. V. (2019). Creative tourism: Catalysing artisan entrepreneur networks in rural Portugal. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research , 3(12), 102-123. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJEBR-03-2018-0177
• Bayliss, D. (2017). The rise of the creative city: Culture and creativity in Copenhagen. European planning studies , 15(7), 889-903. https://doi.org/10.1080/09654310701356183.
• Bazrafshan, J., & bameri, A. (2018). Study and analysis of the status of creative tourism in Zahedan. Regional Planning , 8(31), 167-180. https://dorl.net/dor/20.1001.1.22516735.1397.8.31.12.4 [In Persian]
• Carvalho, R. M. F., da Costa, C. M. M., & Ferreira, A. M. A. P. (2019). Review of the theoretical underpinnings in the creative tourism research field . Tourism & Management Studies , 15(1SI), 11-22.
• Doosti, F., Zaal, M. H., & Ramezanzadeh Lasbouee, M. (2019). Assessing the Capacities of Creative Tourism in Tabriz City. Journal of Urban tourism , 6(2), 1-13. https://doi.org/10.22059/jut.2018.253316.461 [In Persian].
• Eshaghiye Firoozabadi, E., salehi, S. M., & rashidi, M. M. (2019). Assessing the potential of culture-led regeneration in Fahadan district of Yazd with the aim of developing tourism in the district. Journal of urban tourism , 6 (3), 59-74. https://doi.org/10.22059/jut.2019.260083.499 [In Persian]
• Eyisi, A., Lee, D., & Trees, K. (2021). Facilitating collaboration and community participation in tourism development: The case of South-Eastern Nigeria. Tourism and Hospitality Research , 21(3), 275-288. https://doi.org/10.1177/1467358420966035
• Fernandez, J. A. S.& Azevedo, P. S.& Martín, J. M. M. & Martín, J. A. R. (2020) Determinants of tourism destination competitiveness in the countries most visited by international tourists: Proposal of a synthetic index. Tourism Management Perspectives , 33(3),435-450. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmp.2019.100582
• Golrk, SH., & Motaharian, M. (2019). Acceptance for Creative Tourism by citizens and tourists in Tourism- Supporting Cities; the case of Yasouj. Journal of Fine Arts: Architecture & Urban Planning , 24 (4), 83-92. https://doi.org/10.22059/jfaup.2019.270831.672173 [In Persian].
• Haq Parast, F; Asefi, M & Abizadeh, E. (2018). The effect of place identity components on the sense of belonging to the place; A study of the historical market of Tabriz. Geographical Research , 34(3), 303-312. [In Persian].
• Henriques, C., & Moreira, M. C. (2019). Creative tourism and urban sustainability: the cases of Lisbon and Oporto. Revista Portuguesa de Estudos Regionais , 51, 93-114.
• Hong, H. U. I., Bin, T. A. N. G., & Yang, J. I. N. G. (2010). A Study on Cultural Reasons for Difference on Community Participation in Tourism Development in Different Nations. In Tourism Forum. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmp.2023.101127.
• Kim, H. (2016). The concept and strategy of creative tourism. Policy of Korean Tourism ,2(6), 8-20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2020.102922
• Lee, T. H. (2013). Influence analysis of community resident support for sustainable tourism development. Tourism management , 34, 37-46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2012.03.007
• McManus, C., & Carruthers, C. (2014) Cultural quarters and urban regeneration: The caseof cathedral quarter Belfast. International Journal of Cultural Policy , 20 (1), 78–98. https://doi.org/10.1080/10286632.2012.737322
• Mohajer, B., shafiee, Z., khaje ahmad attari, A., & toghraee, M. T. (2020). Identifying the key components of child-based creative tourism, (Case study: Isfahan, the creative city of handicrafts). Motaleate Shahri , 9(35), 75-86. https://doi.org/10.34785/J011.2021.395 [In Persian].
•  Panahi, A & Dadash Pourmoghadam, M. (2018). Analysis of the role of creative city indicators in the development of urban tourism (case study of Isfahan city). Shabak , 5(1), 77-96. [In Persian].
• Phillips, M.R. & House, C. (2009) an evaluation of priorities for beach tourism: Case studies from South Wales, UK. Tourism Management , 30 (1), 176-183. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2008.05.012
• Richards, G. (2011). Creativity and tourism: The state of the art. Annals of tourism research , 38(4), 1225-1253. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2011.07.008
• Richards, G. (2018). Cultural tourism: A review of recent research and trends. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management , 36, 12-21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhtm.2018.03.005
• Romana, K. V. (2013), Enforcing sustainability principles in tourism via creative tourism development. Journal of Tourism Challenges and trends , 6(1), 35-57.
• Salaripour, A., Hesam, M., Baradaran sagharloo, A., & Hamidi, A. (2020). Explaining the Creative Tourism Development Strategies of Rasht City. Journal of Urban tourism , 7(3), 127-142. https://doi.org/10.22059/jut.2020.303292.801 [In Persian].
• Shatrian, M., Heydari Sureshjani, R., & Varfinejad, J. (2016). The effects of tourism power in expanding infrastructure and creating a creative city, a case study: Kermanshah city. Geography , 5(52), 201-216. [In Persian].
• Sinclair-Maragh, G., & Gursoy, D. (2016). A conceptual model of residents’ support for tourism development in developing countries. Tourism Planning & Development , 13(1), 1-22. https://doi.org/10.1080/21568316.2015.1047531
• Stylidis, D., Biran, A., Sit, J., & Szivas, E. M. (2014). Residents' support for tourism development: The role of residents' place image and perceived tourism impacts. Tourism management , 45, 260-274. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2014.05.006
• Than, T. T., Kiu, T. P. H., PHAM, T. A. D., HOANG, T. C. V., TRAN, T. H., NGUYEN, H. D., & DAO, T. K. (2020). Impact of community attachment and resident's support on destination sustainability: Evidence from spiritual and community destination in Vietnam. The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics, and Business , 7(8), 361-369. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2023.104796

Volume 10, Issue 2 April 2023 Pages 75-91

How to cite.

• Article View: 199
• PDF Download: 197

Zare, E., Satari Sarban Qoli, H., & Saghafi Asl, A. (2023). Analysis of the Impact of Cultural Components on the Development of Creative Urban Tourism in the Historical Textures the Case Study A Tabriz Historical Bazaar. urban tourism , 10 (2), 75-91. doi: 10.22059/jut.2023.352590.1098

Elham Zare; Hasan Satari Sarban Qoli; Arash Saghafi Asl. "Analysis of the Impact of Cultural Components on the Development of Creative Urban Tourism in the Historical Textures the Case Study A Tabriz Historical Bazaar", urban tourism , 10, 2, 2023, 75-91. doi: 10.22059/jut.2023.352590.1098

Zare, E., Satari Sarban Qoli, H., Saghafi Asl, A. (2023). 'Analysis of the Impact of Cultural Components on the Development of Creative Urban Tourism in the Historical Textures the Case Study A Tabriz Historical Bazaar', urban tourism , 10(2), pp. 75-91. doi: 10.22059/jut.2023.352590.1098

Zare, E., Satari Sarban Qoli, H., Saghafi Asl, A. Analysis of the Impact of Cultural Components on the Development of Creative Urban Tourism in the Historical Textures the Case Study A Tabriz Historical Bazaar. urban tourism , 2023; 10(2): 75-91. doi: 10.22059/jut.2023.352590.1098

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Excise policy case: Durgesh Pathak gets bail, Kejriwal’s judicial custody extended

Updated - September 13, 2024 11:00 am IST - New Delhi

Senior AAP leader and Rajinder Nagar MLA Durgesh Pathak. | Photo Credit: File photo

Two persons, including senior Aam Aadmi Party (AAP) leader and Delhi MLA Durgesh Pathak, were granted bail by different courts in the Capital on Wednesday, in connection with the now-withdrawn Delhi excise policy for 2021-22.

A Rouse Avenue court, while granting relief to Mr. Pathak, extended the judicial custody of Delhi Chief Minister Arvind Kejriwal, a co-accused in the case, till September 25.

The court had, last month, allowed the Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) to prosecute Mr. Kejriwal and Mr. Pathak in connection with the alleged scam. The agency had filed its final chargesheet in July in which it termed the Delhi CM the “kingpin” of the case.

Meanwhile, the Delhi High Court granted bail to Hyderabad-based businessman Arun Ramchandra Pillai, against whom the Enforcement Directorate (ED) had initiated an excise policy-related money laundering probe. The ED had arrested him on March 6 last year, claiming him to be a close aide of Bharat Rashtra Samithi leader K. Kavitha and the frontman for the ‘South Group’. Ms. Kavitha, who was also arrested by the probe agencies in connection with the excise case, was granted bail by the Supreme Court last month.

Soon after securing bail, Mr. Pathak interacted with the media, accusing the BJP of attempting to break the AAP.

“The Prime Minister wants to finish off AAP. We are seeing this unfold over the past 2-3 years. However, all their plans are slowly getting exposed. AAP leaders are now getting bail in the excise policy cases and are walking out of the jail one by one,” he said, adding that the Central investigating agencies do not have any “substantive proof” against AAP leaders.

In response, a Delhi BJP spokesperson said, “Kejriwal is in jail while (former Delhi Deputy CM) Manish Sisodia, (Rajya Sabha member) Sanjay Singh, and (former AAP communication in-charge) Vijay Nair are all out on bail, and now Pathak has also joined this list. All these accused will soon be convicted after the trial concludes.”

Published - September 12, 2024 12:55 am IST

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Delhi / corruption & bribery / judiciary (system of justice) / politics / state politics / politics (general)

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The Significance of Cultural Policy—Case Study of South Korea

Sustainability

The main research problem that this article focuses on is: does a wide-ranging cultural policy contribute to the implementation of the idea of sustainable development in practice? This article aims to show, using the example of South Korea, the importance of the state’s cultural policy as a factor that is conducive to economic success and an increase in the standard of living of a society. This policy leads to the evolution of society from one centered on the mass consumption of material goods to one centered on the mass consumption of cultural goods, which, combined with the development of creative industries, contributes to the implementation of the elements of sustainable development in practice. The research methods used in the work were the study of literature in the studied area, the analysis of documents and reports on cultural policy, and the development of cultural and creative industries. An assessment of the degree to which pop culture development in South Korea is a fact...

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How is a policy initiated and implemented toward a newly arising industrial sector? This paper addresses that question by looking at the way the Japanese and the South Korean governments respond to the massive production and export of pop culture. The investigation focuses on the emergence of the local cultural industries, the policy issues they raise, and the domestic discourse they initiate. The central argument of this paper is that these governments no longer perceive the cultural industries in only ideological terms, but following the success of the private sector, they have recently shifted their attention to the economic benefits derived from the commodification of culture. However, their efforts to foster the pop culture sector heavily emphasize investment in infrastructure as a part of a developmental-state strategy. This attitude is too rigid to accommodate the dynamism of the cultural industries and should be supplemented with a more nuanced approach that considers the distinctive structure and the organization of the cultural industries.

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One of the countries that evidently has economically and socially benefited from the arts and creative industries in South Korea. Even scholars and research institutes have admitted that the Hallyu (한류) wave, the term which refers to the increased popularity of South Korean culture worldwide, has contributed greatly to national and economic development. This paper aims to ascertain if these performance art industries developed solitarily or with the intervention of the state. Meaning, has the significant contributions of the performance art, specifically Korean pop music and drama, to the economy purely accidental or had the South Korean government planned and utilized it all along? Did the Korean government support the Korean wave performance art only after its obvious positive global impact? Would the support of the performance arts, specifically pop music and television drama, by the South Korean government, at present, be existent even without its significant contributions to the economy?

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This study aims to investigate South Korea's religious policy from an economic point of view, and more specifically, to explain the current religious policy in the context of S. Korea's cultural policy and the development of the cultural industry. Religious policy is a part of cultural policy in fact, and the main purpose of cultural policy is to develop, utilize, and commercialize cultural resources to create profits for the sake of the cultural industry. Investigating current religious policy in the context of the cultural industry is of great meaning as far as we are living in an era of cultural capitalism where culture is regarded as the main engine of economic growth as well as in an era of neoliberalism where the boundary between culture and economy is blurring.

Abstract This article briefly delves into the issue of the role of social media (aka, cyber space) on the formations of economic and cultural developments of nations. First, a brief account of a socio-economic background of South Korea will be given to relate to its future survival in global economy. Then, the role of music and film sectors in the social media as a popular form of entertainment industry will be evaluated especially in terms of their function to provide economic benefits and promote Korean culture. Key words: Korean wave, culture industry, popular culture, entertainment industry, social media, globalization.

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In this article, we chart the main characteristics and key problematics in youth studies and cultural studies in contemporary South Korea. In particular, we delve into the radically altered conditions of youth under neo-liberal rule in order to grasp the pressing youth question from several interconnected and strategic standpoints. In doing so, this work endeavors to present some crucial concepts and key discursive strategies that can help reformulate youth and cultural studies as viable forms of social intervention.

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The Significance of Cultural Policy—Case Study of South Korea

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Peacekeeping Responses to Transnational Organized Crime and Trafficking: A Case Study of MINUSMA

Exploring challenges undermining efforts to counter transnational organized crime in Mali.

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This paper explores some of the challenges to countering transnational organized crime in Mali, focusing primarily on the United Nations Multidimensional Stabilization Mission in Mali (MINUSMA), but also considering the challenges faced by other multilateral actors and initiatives. The objective is to feed into a larger research initiative exploring multilateral efforts to counter organized crime in conflict-affected and fragile areas. Examining MINUSMA as well as other UN Country Team efforts in relation to transnational organized crime offers a critical point of reflection. 

MINUSMA’s hasty closure and dissolution comes at a time when the UN and Member States are re-considering the future models and mandates of peace operations and exploring other multilateral approaches that might offer a better response to transnational and cross-border threats. Though transnational organized crime was never strategically prioritized and sufficiently resourced, it is notable that the sort of tools and initiatives that tend to be recommended for better addressing transnational organized crime and trafficking were present in Mali. MINUSMA thus represents an interesting test case, illustrating some of the challenges facing future multilateral efforts to tackle transnational organized crime. 

The paper offers a brief background on how transnational organized crime and illicit trafficking dynamics contributed to the 2012 crisis in Mali, as well as the origin and deployment of MINUSMA and other parallel international intervention mechanisms. It then assesses how the mission approached transnational organized crime and concludes with some reflections on what these limitations suggest for future peacekeeping operations or other approaches to responding to transnational organized crime in conflict-affected regions.

Access "Peacekeeping Responses to Transnational Organized Crime and Trafficking: A Case Study of MINUSMA" here . 

Suggested citation: Gaston Erica, Nickel Catharina, Karimou Imane and Marc Werner. Peacekeeping Responses to Transnational Organized Crime and Trafficking: A Case Study of MINUSMA : UNU-CPR, 2024.

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Diet along the eastern Silk Roads: an isotopic case study of ancient humans and livestock from the Han-Jin Dynasties in the Lop Nur region, northwest China

• Published: 13 September 2024
• Volume 16 , article number  163 , ( 2024 )

Cite this article

• Xueye Wang 1 , 2 ,
• Kangkang Li 3 , 4 ,
• Dong Wei 5 ,
• Guiying Zhang 1 , 2 ,
• Xingjun Hu 6 , 7 ,
• Jing Feng 8 ,
• Yingxin Jiao 8 ,
• Bing Xu 4 ,
• Xiaoguang Qin 4 ,
• Vicky M. Oelze 9 &
• Zihua Tang 4  

As a crossroad of the ancient Silk Roads, the historic Lop Nur population of northwest China witnessed substantial cultural integration among the Han, Xiongnu, and Western Regions communities known as the ancient Loulan. However, the dietary practices of the Loulan population remains poorly understood due to the challenging, harsh environment for sampling. Here, we present human and faunal multi-isotope data from a simple-constructed cemetery dating to the Han-Jin Dynasties (130–320 AD). The results show that herbivores exhibited exceptionally high δ 15 N values, ranging from 10.2‰ to 15.5‰. Combined with regional climate conditions and direct evidence of extensive deposits of archeological animal manure found in Loulan sites, this phenomenon can be interpreted as indicative of extreme regional aridity and intensive fertilization. Humans had mixed C 3 /C 4 -based diets and relied on animal products. Our study indicates greater millet consumption among rural individuals compared to other more urban Loulan people. Additionally, our research reveals a much higher dietary diversity coupled with millet consumption of Loulan people in comparison to local Bronze Age communities.

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Acknowledgements

We are grateful to members who contributed to the Lop Nur project and to Renee D. Boucher from UCSC for editing the early draft.

This work was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 42072210 & 42207508), the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. IGGCAS-201905), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Grant No. YJ202366), the Open Research Fund of Center for Archaeological Science, SCU, and the Ministry of Science and Technology, China (2014FY210500).

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School of Archaeology and Museology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610207, China

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Kangkang Li

Key Laboratory of Cenozoic Geology and Environment, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100029, China

Kangkang Li, Bing Xu, Xiaoguang Qin & Zihua Tang

School of Archaeology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China

School of History, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830046, China

Xinjiang Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology, Urumqi, 830000, China

Loulan Museum, Ruoqiang, 841800, China

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Anthropology Department, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, 95064, USA

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X.W. and Z.T. designed the research and conducted the measurements. X.W., K.L., and Z.T. wrote the original manuscript and finalized the paper. X.Q., B.X., Z.T., K.L., D.W., X.H., J.F., and Y.J. performed the geological and archaeological surveys.  D.W. identified the human skeletons. G.Z. & V.O. contributed to data interpretation.

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Wang, X., Li, K., Wei, D. et al. Diet along the eastern Silk Roads: an isotopic case study of ancient humans and livestock from the Han-Jin Dynasties in the Lop Nur region, northwest China. Archaeol Anthropol Sci 16 , 163 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12520-024-02068-4

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Received : 16 March 2024

Accepted : 29 August 2024

Published : 13 September 2024

DOI : https://doi.org/10.1007/s12520-024-02068-4

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