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Thesis Translation: Why? How? When?

Why thesis editing and translation is something you need to think about now.

If you are a graduate student or a postdoctoral fellow at a university outside of the English-speaking world, chances are that you have spent some time thinking about when and whether to translate your research into English. In the humanities and the sciences alike, English is the dominant language of academic scholarship, and few would doubt that there are enormous advantages to producing journal articles and books in English. What younger scholars-in-training increasingly realize is that they also have good reasons to consider taking their first scholarly steps in English, even before their first academic article is published. Indeed, with wise use of thesis translation or thesis editing services, graduate students can get a head start in some very important ways.

Why produce a thesis in English?

Unlike a book or a journal article, a thesis or dissertation only officially needs to be accepted by your university department or your committee. This prevents some graduate students from ‘thinking big’ about the reach of their thesis or dissertation. Many universities outside of the English-speaking world offer the option of submitting a thesis in English, yet some graduate students don’t consider the option seriously. Here are a few reasons why it is worth doing so:

• Wider audience for your thesis itself: While a thesis is not officially a ‘publication’ in the way a book or journal article are, in the 21st century your thesis will be as widely accessible to scholars globally as many academic journals, through ProQuest and other electronic repositories. Scholars looking for the latest research in your field will be much more likely to find – and use – your work if it is available to them online in a language that they can read.
• Future applications: If you are writing an M.A. thesis, chances are that you are thinking about applying to doctoral programs. If you are finishing a doctoral dissertation, you might be thinking about post-doctoral fellowships. Whatever your next step, the application process is likely to require submission of a writing sample. If your best research is already in English, you will be able to use it as part of your application for most programs worldwide.
• Future publication: Of course, most young scholars aspire to eventually publish their research in book or article form. If your thesis is in English, you will have a much wider range of publishers and journals to choose from. And once you are published, your work will be accessible to a wider range of readers.

Thesis translation: How and When?

Convinced? If so, the next question is when and how to go about translating articles into English. There are three main options:

• Thesis Editing: write it in English, then get it edited . If you have good English, you might decide to write your thesis or dissertation in English from the outset. If your supervisor and department give their blessing, this option might be the most efficient. Once your work is completed, you can employ thesis editing services to ensure it has the highest level of polish and clarity.
• Thesis translation before submission . Perhaps you are most comfortable writing in your mother tongue, but still want the advantages of a thesis in English. If so, you can employ thesis translation services as you go along – perhaps on a chapter-by-chapter basis. If your university gives permission, you may be able to submit the English translation as the official version of your thesis.
• Translation after acceptance . Even if your thesis needs to be submitted to your university in another language, it is never too late to produce an English version. When translating an already-accepted thesis into English, you might choose to think about it already as a book manuscript draft (or drafts of a series of articles). In fact, you might even want to edit and alter the original version before sending it for translation, in order to tailor it to your desired publishing house or journals.

In short: A scholarly output in English can be of great benefit, even at the earliest stages of an academic career. And there are many ways to make it happen!

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Chinese Dissertation Translation Services

Welcome to our comprehensive dissertation translation services page. At JinYu translation, we understand the importance of accurate and reliable translation services for researchers, academics, and institutions worldwide. Whether you’re looking to share your groundbreaking research with a global audience or need assistance navigating linguistic barriers in academia, we’re here to help. In this section, we provide a detailed overview of our dissertation translation services, covering various aspects such as types of translation, useful examples, translation techniques, pricing, importance, and industries that benefit from these services. Explore our offerings to learn how we can assist you in effectively communicating your research across languages and cultures.

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1. types of dissertation translation.

Dissertation translation involves converting scholarly works from one language to another, ensuring accuracy, clarity, and cultural relevance. At Jinyu translation, we offer a range of dissertation translation services tailored to meet the diverse needs of researchers, academics, and institutions worldwide. Here are the types of dissertation

• Full Dissertation Translation: This comprehensive service involves translating the entire dissertation, including text, tables, figures, and references, from the original language into the target language. Our experienced translators ensure that the translation accurately reflects the content and structure of the original document.
• Abstract Translation: We offer specialized translation of dissertation abstracts, summarizing the key findings, methodology, and significance of the research. Abstract translations are crucial for disseminating research to international audiences and promoting academic visibility.
• Chapter-by-Chapter Translation: Some clients prefer to translate their dissertations chapter by chapter, allowing for a more manageable and focused approach. Our translators work diligently to maintain consistency in terminology and style across chapters while adhering to academic conventions.
• Literature Review Translation: Translating the literature review section of a dissertation requires meticulous attention to detail and a deep understanding of academic discourse. Our translators ensure that references to existing research are accurately translated, preserving the integrity of the scholarly discussion.
• Methodology Translation: Methodology sections often contain technical terms and specialized terminology specific to the research field. Our translators possess expertise in various academic disciplines and can accurately translate the methodology section while ensuring clarity and precision.
• Results and Discussion Translation: Translating results and discussion sections requires conveying complex data and analysis accurately while maintaining coherence and clarity. Our translators excel at communicating research findings in a way that resonates with readers in the target language.
• Citation and Reference Translation: Accurate translation of citations and references is essential for maintaining academic integrity and acknowledging the contributions of other scholars. Our translators ensure that all citations and references are translated correctly and formatted according to academic standards.
• Formatting and Layout Translation: In addition to translating the text, we offer formatting and layout translation services to ensure that the translated dissertation mirrors the original document in terms of structure, formatting, and visual presentation.
• Proofreading and Editing: Our proofreading and editing services ensure that the translated dissertation is free from errors in grammar, punctuation, and syntax. We conduct thorough quality checks to deliver polished and professional translations that meet the highest academic standards.

2. Jinyu translation’s dissertation translation object

Undergraduate, master’s and doctoral students, professors and research institute researchers from various universities at home and abroad:

• Domestic MBA students from Sino-foreign cooperative education need to complete their thesis in English when they graduate.
• We can help graduates with master’s and doctoral degrees complete the translation of thesis abstracts.
• When studying abroad, the other school often requires you to submit previously completed papers.
• Promotion to a professional title requires papers to be published in foreign publications.
• Course Writing for foreign students, etc

3. Useful Examples of Dissertation Translation

Below are examples of English to Chinese Dissertation translations

Research on the Ecological Environmental Impact Assessment of Sustainable Development of Water Conservancy Engineering 《水利工程可持续发展的生态环境影响评价研究》 Tweet

The Impact of School-Family Cooperation on Students’ Academic Performance: A Study 《学校家庭合作对学生学习成绩的影响研究》 Tweet

Research and Application of AI-Based Medical Imaging Diagnosis Systems 《基于人工智能的医学影像诊断系统研究与应用》 Tweet

Research on Green Space Planning and Design in Urban Ecological Construction 《城市生态建设中绿色空间规划与设计研究》 Tweet

Research on Cross-Cultural Management Strategies of Multinational Corporations 《跨国公司跨文化管理策略研究》 Tweet

Research on Rural Community Development and Social Capital in China 《中国农村社区建设与社会资本研究》 Tweet

A Study of Language Switching Strategies in Chinese-English Translation 《汉英翻译中语言转换策略研究》 Tweet

Research on the Reform of China’s Socialist Political System 《中国特色社会主义政治制度改革研究》 Tweet

Study on Adolescent Mental Health and Internet Use Behavior 《青少年心理健康与网络使用行为研究》 Tweet

Research on Ancient Chinese Overseas Trade and Cultural Exchange 《中国古代海外贸易与文化交流研究》 Tweet

These examples further demonstrate our expertise in translating dissertations across a wide range of academic disciplines from Chinese to English. Whatever your research area may be, you can trust us to deliver accurate, nuanced, and impactful translations that contribute to academic discourse and cross-cultural exchange.

4. Translation Techniques of Dissertation Translation

Translating dissertations from one language to another requires a nuanced approach that goes beyond mere linguistic proficiency. Here are some essential translation techniques employed in dissertation translation to ensure accuracy, clarity, and fidelity to the original text:

• Terminology Consistency: Ensuring consistency in terminology throughout the dissertation is paramount. Translators establish a glossary of terms and adhere to it consistently to maintain coherence and precision in the translation.
• Contextual Understanding: Understanding the broader context of the dissertation, including the research topic, methodology, and theoretical framework, is essential. Translators delve into the subject matter to grasp the intended meaning behind the text and convey it accurately in the target language.
• Cultural Adaptation: Adapting the translation to suit the cultural norms and expectations of the target audience is crucial. Translators consider cultural nuances, idiomatic expressions, and rhetorical conventions to ensure that the translation resonates with readers in the target language.
• Academic Style and Tone: Maintaining the academic style and tone of the original dissertation is essential. Translators replicate the formal register, scholarly conventions, and rhetorical strategies characteristic of academic writing while ensuring readability and coherence in the translation.
• Structural Equivalence: Preserving the structural equivalence between the original and translated text enhances readability and comprehension. Translators align the organization, flow, and logical structure of the dissertation to mirror that of the original document.
• Specialized Knowledge: Translating dissertations often requires expertise in specific academic disciplines and subject areas. Translators with background knowledge in the dissertation’s field of study can accurately convey technical concepts, terminology, and research findings.
• Citation and Reference Accuracy: Ensuring accuracy in translating citations, references, and bibliographic information is crucial for maintaining academic integrity. Translators verify the accuracy of cited sources and adhere to citation styles and formatting conventions used in the target language.
• Proofreading and Editing: Thorough proofreading and editing are essential to identify and correct errors in grammar, syntax, punctuation, and spelling. Translators review the translated dissertation multiple times to ensure linguistic accuracy and coherence before finalizing the text.
• Client Collaboration and Feedback: Collaboration with clients and seeking feedback throughout the translation process enhance the quality and accuracy of the final product. Translators engage with clients to clarify ambiguities, address concerns, and incorporate revisions to meet the client’s expectations.
• Quality Assurance Measures: Implementing quality assurance measures, such as peer review, crosschecking, and quality control checks, helps maintain the overall quality and consistency of the translation. Translators adhere to strict quality standards to deliver translations that meet the highest academic standards.

By employing these translation techniques, translators can effectively convey the complex content and scholarly rigor of dissertations in the target language, facilitating cross-cultural communication and knowledge dissemination in academia.

5. International Dissertation Translation

Jinyu Dissertation Translation stands as your premier choice for comprehensive dissertation translation services, catering to global scholars seeking precise and dependable translations of academic manuscripts. Our team of native-speaking translators boasts profound expertise not only in linguistic nuances but also in the academic frameworks and disciplinary terminologies pertinent to various fields of study. We understand the critical importance of upholding consistency in academic terminology while navigating the intricate cultural and disciplinary landscapes inherent in diverse research contexts. This dedication ensures that our clients receive translations that not only meet the highest standards of linguistic accuracy but also seamlessly align with the academic requirements of their respective disciplines.

In addition to our linguistic proficiency, our commitment to dissertation translation is fortified by a collaborative ethos. We collaborate closely with subject matter experts and scholars familiar with the academic disciplines under translation to validate and refine the accuracy of our translations. This collaborative endeavor, combined with our rigorous research methodologies and quality assurance protocols, positions us as a trusted partner for scholars navigating cross-cultural academic exchanges, publishing endeavors, and research dissemination. At Jinyu Dissertation Translation, our mission is to facilitate effective communication across academic contexts, providing scholars with the confidence that their research is accurately and reliably translated for a global audience.

6. Price System of Dissertation Translation

The price system for dissertation translation is usually affected by multiple factors. Considering the professionalism and complexity of translation, Jinyu Translation has developed a flexible price system to ensure that customers receive fair prices while receiving high-quality services.

① Price per Word: Our standard pricing for dissertation translation is based on a per-word rate. The rate varies depending on factors such as language pair, subject matter complexity, and turnaround time.

• Standard Rate: $0.05 -$0.10 per word
• Specialized Fields (e.g., technical, legal, medical): $0.10 -$0.15 per word
• Urgent Turnaround (2448 hours): Additional 15% -25% surcharge

② Minimum Fee: We have a minimum fee requirement to ensure that smaller projects receive fair compensation for our services.

• Minimum Fee: $40 -$80 (depending on the language pair and scope of work)

③ Discounts and Offers: We may offer discounts for larger projects, repeat clients, or bundled services.

• Volume Discount: 5% -15% discount for projects exceeding 10,000 words
• Repeat Client Discount: 5% discount on subsequent projects for returning clients
• Bundled Services: Discounted rates for additional services such as proofreading or formatting when bundled with translation services

④ Additional Services: We provide optional additional services that may incur additional charges.

• Proofreading and Editing: $0.01 -$0.04 per word
• Formatting: $20 -$40 per hour
• Notarization or Certification: $20 -$40 per document

Customized Quotes: For accurate pricing, we offer free consultations and customized quotes based on the specific requirements of each project. Factors such as document length, complexity, language pair, and additional services needed are taken into consideration when determining the final price.

Please note that the figures provided above are examples and may vary depending on the specific details of your dissertation translation project. Contact us today for a personalized quote tailored to your needs.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) about Financial Translation Services

Q：What is dissertation translation?

A：Dissertation translation involves translating academic dissertations from one language to another while maintaining accuracy, clarity, and fidelity to the original text. It enables scholars to share their research findings with a global audience and facilitates cross-cultural academic exchange

Q：How does Jinyu Translation ensure the accuracy of dissertation translations?

A：Jinyu Translation employs native-speaking translators with expertise in academic disciplines and linguistic proficiency in both the source and target languages. Our translators adhere to rigorous quality assurance processes, including thorough proofreading and editing, to ensure accuracy and consistency in translations.

Q：Can Jinyu Translation handle dissertations in specialized fields?

A：Yes, Jinyu Translation specializes in translating dissertations across a wide range of academic fields, including but not limited to sciences, humanities, social sciences, engineering, business, and law. Our team includes subject matter experts who are proficient in specialized terminology and concepts relevant to diverse academic disciplines.

Q：How do I request a quote for dissertation translation services from Jinyu Translation?

A：To request a quote for dissertation translation services from Jinyu Translation, simply contact us through our website or email with details about your project, including the language pair, word count, subject matter, and any specific requirements. We will provide you with a customized quote based on your needs.

Q：Can Jinyu Translation handle urgent dissertation translation projects?

A：Yes, Jinyu Translation understands the importance of meeting deadlines for dissertation translation projects. We offer expedited services for urgent projects and can accommodate tight turnaround times while maintaining the highest standards of accuracy and quality.

Q：What measures does Jinyu Translation take to ensure confidentiality?

A：Jinyu Translation takes confidentiality and data security seriously. We have strict privacy policies in place to protect the confidentiality of client documents and personal information. Our translators adhere to non-disclosure agreements, and we use secure file transfer methods to safeguard sensitive data.

Academic Translation Service

The global importance of academic translation

All academic disciplines are constantly changing, with research and new ideas being developed on a daily basis. It is important that any contribution to the body of academic knowledge already available in any discipline is shared with academic peers around the world and for this to be done effectively, quality translation of academic documents is key. Linguation has the necessary experience of providing successful academic translations in a vast range of academic fields. We are dedicated to providing the top-quality translations of your theses, dissertations, articles for publication, textbooks, abstracts and conference materials, including presentations and hand-outs. Linguation offers numerous language combinations for the translation of academic documents, including into and from minority languages.

An abstract is a short summary of research questions and results of the work, is at the very beginning of a scientific work and is usually only about half a page long. Some papers provide this in several languages at the same time, so that scientists from all over the world can quickly identify whether the work is relevant to them. When translating, it is important to ensure that the text is as understandable as possible without violating scientific standards.

Extended Abstract

An extended abstract represents a scientific work somewhat more precisely than a normal abstract and usually comprises 1 - 2 pages. Research questions, methods and results can be explained here in somewhat more detail. This type of abstract is often required for international conferences and symposia and therefore often has to be translated into different languages.

• Proofreading

If you study at a foreign university, you often write your thesis there in the national language - an additional challenge, because academic language requires precise formulations and a high level of language skills. That is why it is extremely important to have your work professionally proofread by a native speaker in order to correct structural, grammatical and semantic errors.

The translation of all kinds of theses is mostly relevant after passing. Excellent work with top grades in particular is then often requested in translation so that it can be made accessible to the international scientific audience (SSCI, SCI, AHCI, SCIE). The translation of master's theses and especially doctoral theses requires a high level of scientific and linguistic knowledge on the part of the translator and should therefore only be left to highly qualified people. Translation errors in scientific work can have serious consequences for further research in the respective field.

Linguation provides specialist translators in your specific academic discipline

At Linguation we appreciate how important it is to allocate the most appropriate native speaker to your academic document translation. We will assign a translator who has the relevant academic background and expertise to provide you with a top-quality translation of your academic text. Our professionals are up to speed with the relevant subject matter and will use the correct academic terminology and academic writing conventions in your translated document. Linguation has experienced translators in numerous academic areas, including physical sciences, medicine, social sciences, humanities, engineering, law and economics. We have established a work history with universities, private and public research centers and individuals. Let Linguation support you to effectively sharing your academic findings and contributing to the existing global knowledge in your field.

Literary devices that are necessary in conveying the correct message

It is imperative that the translation of academic writing conveys the original intended message stated in your document. At Linguation, our experts have the linguistic capabilities and the associated mastery of the target language to ensure an accurate translation. They understand that literary devices, such as tone, have a tremendous impact on the overall expression towards a specific target audience. Furthermore, our knowledgeable experts have the necessary experience to perform any type of academic translation. No matter the difficulty of a certain text, our specialists will always cater to the requirements of the industry and exceed all your expectations. Linguation will always ensure that your translation is fit for its purpose and leave a lasting impression with your audience.

Linguation has a stringent quality assurance process

With specialized translations it is vital that the translator understands the subject matter and key concepts to ensure an accurate translation. Linguation will always allocate a native speaker with the appropriate knowledge of specific subject matter to assist in the process of your academic translation. Moreover, our translators are well-versed with new ideas and current research findings in their relevant discipline. At Linguation we go one step further to ensure a flawless translation. Our quality assurance procedure involves a second expert professional. This second expert translator will proofread your translated academic document to check for errors and misconceptions. Only after this stringent process will your completed translation be delivered to you by, or before, the agreed delivery date.

Simple and fast academic translations

When translating diplomas or master theses, dissertations, technical articles or entire books, we pay close attention to academic writing conventions and guarantee you the punctual delivery of your translated documents. Linguation offers its academic translation services in many fields, including medicine, social sciences, humanities, engineering, law and economics, with the aim of providing a translation service of the highest academic quality.

Individualized calculations adjusted to specific translations

The prices of every translation can vary greatly depending on the specific industry. At Linguation, we will provide a personalized quote for the services you require. The calculations will be based on a few key factors and offer a fair price that is agreeable with both parties. Our experts will evaluate the document for: the level of difficulty in translating the text, the overall length of the document or text, the specific requirements of the industry, and the specific language required for the translation. All these factors will determine a personalized quote that is fitting of the service you will receive.

FAQ Academic Translation

Will my paper be translated accordingly.

Linguation is dedicated to translating your academic paper as accurately as possible. We understand that the text cannot be translated word-for-word. However, our experts will ensure that the original meaning of the paper is maintained throughout the translation process.

Will Linguation change my words during the translation process?

Not all languages can be translated directly, however, all specific terminology will be translated as accurately as possible. Our experts will ensure that your words are not lost during the translation process.

How can I get in contact with my translator?

You can always reach your translator through our secure online uploading platform. Additionally, our dedicated staff will be available to answer any questions you have regarding your translation.

Does Linguation understand the required format of my academic paper?

Linguation will assign an expert with the knowledge of your field to find the correct format to abide by. They will ensure that the paper adhere to the requirements set by your institution.

Will Linguation translate key words in my paper directly?

The expert assigned to assist your translation have the knowledge in your academic field to accurately translate all specific terminology. They will ensure that the translation is the correct one that suits the content of your paper.

Academic Translation Services

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English and Comparative Literary Studies

Ma in literary translation studies dissertation.

All students doing the MA in Literary Translation Studies Studies are required to complete a dissertation of approximately 16,000 words . The MA dissertation offers students the chance to undertake and complete one of two forms of sustained research project: either a) a dissertation of the more conventional variety, where the student undertakes research into an area of translation theory and practice and argues a thesis, supporting it with evidence or b) a literary translation accompanied by an extended piece of critical writing (a translation commentary).

The dissertation represents a substantial piece of work, and you should be aware of the fact that it will require significant input from you throughout the year. You should start thinking about the general area in which you would like to do your research from the beginning of the academic year and discuss it with the MALTS Convenor (and, where appropriate, with other members of staff) as soon as possible, since you will be expected to submit a dissertation proposal to the MALTS Convenor ([email protected]) by the end of Week 9 in Term 1. Students who opt to do a dissertation in the form of a literary translation accompanied by an extended commentary should begin to identify an appropriate source text or texts at an early stage. Depending on the language from which you work, source texts may be difficult to access; for this reason, you should plan ahead to allow time for delivery/access.

If the student opts for b) then the translation should be a minimum of 5000 and a maximum of 6000 words (which is approximately one-third of the total length of the dissertation), with the commentary constituting the bulk of the dissertation length at a minimum of 10,000 and a maximum of 11,000 words. Students who wish to translate poetry may agree a different weighting of translation and commentary with their supervisor(s). The translation should be into a language that can be read by the dissertation supervisor(s). This will normally mean that the translation will be into English. The student should include a copy of the source text as an appendix to the completed translation with commentary, clearly marking the appendix as such. Please note that the source text does not count towards the length of the dissertation.

There will be a compulsory workshop on the translation with commentary in Term 1. Please note that the commentary, for the purposes of the MALTS dissertation, is not a series of notes or annotations to a text, nor a chronological narrative of translating a text, rather it should do the following: contain an argument or a set of arguments that are illustrated by the translation; demonstrate the theoretically informed reflection that lies behind the creation of a translation product; address relevant issues of translation theory and practice. The link between the translation and the commentary, i.e. how far the translation bears out what is said in the commentary, will be central to the success of this piece of work. You should therefore select your source text or texts with a particular research focus in mind, rather than selecting a source text at random.

The document ' How to write a translation commentary ’ sets out the expectations for this type of dissertation.

Writing the dissertation proposal (Term 1)

Only projects deemed viable will be allowed to proceed, so it is important to get the proposal right. To be accepted, a proposal should • be intellectually viable; • be achievable within the stipulated time and word limit; • be feasible given the resources; • fall within the areas of expertise of members of academic staff.

See an example of a successful proposal for dissertation type a) and b). Proposals should be between 300 and 500 words in length and include an initial bibliography.

In addition, it is important that the content of your dissertation does not have a significant overlap with any of the essays you submit for your option modules.

To help you write a strong proposal, the English Department will be offering a series of workshops in the Autumn Term, and you will be expected to attend these. Time and place will be confirmed at the start of the academic year.

As you begin work on your proposal during Term 1, you will need to speak to members of academic staff with an interest in the area you wish to work in. All members of staff keep regular office hours during the term, and you should speak to several of them. It is your responsibility to seek them out. Use your contact with them to present and discuss your ideas. Listen to their advice and suggestions, read the books or articles they may point you to, and incorporate what is appropriate into your proposal. As you discuss your project, you will quickly pick up which aspects are worth pursuing and which are not. This is part of the research process. If you would like advice on whom to approach, speak to the MALTS Convenor. Remember when you submit your proposal to mention the names of staff with whom you have spoken.

You will be required to submit your proposal to the MALTS Convenor by the end of Week 9 in Term 1 , shortly before the winter holiday therefore. The MALTS Convenor will consider all applications and assign a supervisor for each successful proposal. You will be notified of decisions by the first week of Term 2. If your proposal has been declined, the MALTS Convenor will meet with you and explain the reasons for the decision, and provide advice and support on reworking the proposal into an acceptable one. It is expected that most proposals submitted by students who have attended all the workshops will be accepted.

Writing the dissertation progress report (Term 2)

Students must begin work on their dissertation research in Term 2. It can take time to work out exactly how to focus your project and decide on what you need to look at and read, so it’s important to start early. In Week 9 of Term 2 you must submit a Progress Report to the MALTS Convenor ([email protected]), copying in the Postgraduate Programmes Officer ([email protected]). The report consists of the following:

• Dissertation Progress Report form • title and chapter breakdown • an abstract of 1000 words • a bibliography.

Progress reports will be reviewed by the MALTS Convenor. If there are concerns about progress, the MALTS Convenor will contact you.

Research, writing and contact with your supervisor (Terms 2 and 3)

You can expect to meet with your supervisor for an initial supervision within the first two weeks of Term 2 and again in Week 8 or 9 shortly before submission of the dissertation progress report. You can also expect to meet with your supervisor three times in Term 3. Supervisions will generally be 45-60 minutes in length, although Term 2 supervisions may well be shorter than this. Your supervisor will read one rough draft of your dissertation, which must be sent by the end of Term 3. You are welcome to contact your supervisor by e-mail. As with all the department's staff, you can usually expect a supervisor to respond within about 3 working days (excluding weekends) if your query is straightforward. For more complex requests, supervisors will need more time to respond and you need to keep in mind that an e-mail exchange is no substitute for a face-to-face meeting. Face-to-face supervision of dissertations concludes at the end of term 3. Over the summer months of July and August, when staff undertake their own research activities, e-mail contact is at the supervisor's discretion and it will very likely take longer for them to respond to any message you send.

Submission (Summer)

The following reminders may be useful:

• You must be consistent in the style convention used (preferably either MLA, MHRA, Chicago or Harvard). Note that Harvard is the standard referencing style for scholarly work in Translation Studies.
• Footnotes/Endnotes are included in the final word count; the 'Bibliography' is not included in the final word count
• An abstract is not required in the final submission
• A margin of up to 10% over or under length is allowed, but dissertations that are between 10-24% over-length will incur a penalty of 3 marks
• Work that is more than 25% over-length will be refused

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"Twenty-Two Theses on Translation"

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Ágnes Somló Abstract Nowadays the position of translators has changed significantly in a world of increasing cultural influences and effects of IT. We are gradually translated into a new person, obtaining a kind of multicultural identity, much in the way Salman Rushdie has stated several times, among others in his novel Shame, when describing himself as a " translated man ". The metaphor can also be used in the case of translators and translation proper so the two – translation as a metaphor and translation proper – will partly overlap in this paper. We will attempt to find some explanations for changes generated by migration and try to detect some of their roots in the information revolution defined by technology (IT). Thus I am attracted by the signs of a changing concept of translation, and would make an effort to capture the changing role of translator/interpreter in an increasingly multicultural world. This paper will rely on a train of thought evoked by Salman Rushdie's writings as well as some interviews with him. By elaborating on the state of the individual in Rushdie's system we will examine it and compare it to a more or less similar, albeit more generalized, description of peripheral systems in Even-Zohar's theory. Then continue by touching upon the connection between migration and translation, differentiating different phases as well as periods in the process. And finally, we will look at some ideas in a thought-provoking article by Harish Trivedi dealing with the rudimentary difference between translating culture and cultural translation, and will try to connect them both to previous thoughts concerning changes in the position of translators today. During the past decades our position as translators seems to have drastically changed due to an increasing amount of cultural influences to which we are now exposed as well as the ever accelerating attack of the mass of information worldwide. However, looking at translation from a historical point of view we see that in a way it has always strived to fulfil the task of transmission by crossing borders in nearly all fields of life, whether cultural,

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Foreign Words and Phrases in an English Texts

In your research, you might find that certain key concepts important to your work do not have a direct English equivalent. In this case, keep the term in the foreign language and italicize it:

After introducing the key term, you can explain to your audience the meaning of the term and how it might compare and contrast with similar terms they know. Using the word without explanation (e.g. anguish instead of toska ) can be seen as misrepresenting the key term, because it does not invoke the other layers of meaning.

Popular Foreign Words

There are a number of commonly used foreign words, abbreviations and phrases that are part of American English: ad hoc, cliché, concerto, genre, sic, versus. Such popular words can be found in a dictionary and are considered a part of the English language. There is no need to translate them, unless they are used by the author in an innovative and unusual ways. In such case, you can provide more context for them.

Quotations Entirely in a Non-English Language

If you are quoting a whole sentence, you do not have to italicize the non-English words.

Keeping the whole sentence untranslated is a strategy that you could use when you are expecting your readers to know the language to some degree, or if you decide that the readers would benefit from reading and appreciating the original text. This is also the case, when the sentence might not be recognizable as an English translation, but is very well known in the original version.

Some texts that you are using might already contain specific formatting in a non-English language. In the example below, part of the quotation was written in italics. Preserve that original formatting in your quotation.

In this quotation, Anzaldúa provides a direct translation of the saying she heard as a child. Note that the saying she heard in Spanish is kept in original (just as she heard it and as she wrote it – in italics ). She also provided a translation of the saying to make it understandable for the readers who might not understand it otherwise.

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Quoting and Translating Languages Other than English in PhD Theses

Posted by Rene Tetzner | Nov 11, 2021 | PhD Success | 0 |

8.4 Quoting and Translating Languages Other than English

Many doctoral candidates will need to quote material from languages other than modern English in their theses, so some advice on quoting and translating such material may prove useful. Generally speaking, the rules, principles and practices used when quoting passages in English should be applied when quoting foreign languages as well, so all that I have said about quotations in the earlier sections of this chapter applies here as well. There may, however, be special characters, diacritics and particular conventions to follow for certain languages: for more information on the use of foreign languages in English texts, see Butcher et al. (2006, Section 6.6 and Appendices 5, 7, 9 and 10), the Chicago Manual of Style (2003, Chapter 10) and Ritter (2005, Chapter 12), all of which contain lists of the alphabets and special characters used in particular languages. The assumption behind quoting material in languages other than English is that the quotations will be understood by the intended audience, which means that those readers will need to be fluent or specialists in the language quoted and/or the topic discussed: in a literary study of a German author, for instance, it can usually be assumed that interested readers will understand the original language, and in a thesis aimed at classicists, it is most likely that passages in Greek and Latin will be accessible to those readers. You should therefore have a good idea of who your intended readers are and what languages they are likely to read; if you think English translations will help your readers understand the quotations you use and thus your argument and thesis as a whole, it is wise to provide such translations.

In many cases, providing an English translation of a passage originally in a foreign language is more appropriate than quoting the original language. You should, however, inform readers that they are reading a translation, which is usually done by quoting from a reliable published English translation and providing an appropriate reference. As a general rule, only if an available translation is unsuitable for your purposes should the passages you wish to quote be newly translated. If you do use your own translations in your thesis, you should include some indication that the translation is your own. This can be achieved most easily immediately after a translated quotation by adding in parentheses along with the reference or in a note ‘my translation’ or ‘translation mine.’ If you have yourself translated all of the quotations from non-English texts (or from any one non-English text) that you use in your thesis, an explanation in conjunction with the first instance (whether with the parenthetical reference or in a note) can explain the situation: ‘All translations of passages quoted from foreign languages are my own’ would work or perhaps ‘Unless otherwise noted, all translations from Les Misérables are my own.’ Remember that while previously published English translations and your own new English translations of foreign texts are acceptable for quotation in scholarly writing, retranslations are not: for example, if a book was originally published in English, but you have used it in a German translation, any quotations from that book should nonetheless be taken from the original English, not translated back into English from the German translation (the German translation might be included along with the original source in your reference list, however).

If language is a focus in your thesis or quotations are discussed in detail, you may want to provide both the original language and a translation of any quotations. There are various different ways of supplying this combination: the foreign language or the translation might precede the other; the original might be provided in full with only partial translations or the translation might be complete with only occasional words from the original; the original and the translation might both be embedded or set as block quotations, or one might appear in the text in one of these forms while the other is relegated to a note; translations of poetry might take the form of verse or prose, and for quotations from Middle or Old English texts, a more modern version of difficult words might be provided as glosses. The following are common formats and practices for providing foreign-language and translated quotations:

• Original and translation of an entire quotation: whether the original language or the translated version is provided first in the text, the other should normally follow and be enclosed in either parentheses or square brackets. University or department guidelines will rarely indicate a preference for square brackets or parentheses in such situations, but style guides seem to recommend parentheses more often than square brackets, as in the following example: In Watts (1912, p.462) the line reads ‘Dicebam haec, et flebam, amarissima contritione cordis mei (I was saying these things and weeping in the bitterest contrition of my heart).’ When square brackets are used, they tend to be used more often in displayed quotations, while parentheses are the usual choice for the second version in embedded quotations. Occasionally, a slash with spaces on both sides is used between the original and translated versions of a quotation, in which case no brackets are necessary – ‘Dicebam haec, et flebam, amarissima contritione cordis mei / I was saying these things and weeping in the bitterest contrition of my heart’ – but this is rare compared with the use of brackets and parentheses. If the second version in a block quotation is the original language, it can be set in italics instead of brackets, and while this may be acceptable for distinguishing the original language in such situations, quotations in any language should not usually be set in italic font. If the second version of a quotation (either in the original language or a translation) is presented in a note instead of in the main text, no brackets are used in the note; instead, the passage in the note should be placed in quotation marks.

• Original, translation and reference: if a second version of a quotation, whether it is the original or a translation, is needed as well as a parenthetical reference, there are four possibilities. The second version of the quotation can be provided in square brackets and the reference in parentheses; both can be provided in the same set of parentheses with a semicolon separating the two; each can be provided in a separate set of parentheses with the closing parenthesis of the first backing onto the opening one of the second; or either the second version or the reference can be provided in a note instead. The first and last of these methods are probably the best in terms of both clarity and style, with the first taking this form: ‘Dicebam haec, et flebam, amarissima contritione cordis mei [I was saying these things and weeping in the bitterest contrition of my heart]’ (Watts, 1912, p.462).
• Entire original or translation with partial translation or original: when either the original language or the translation of an entire quotation is provided along with only certain words of the translation or the original, parentheses or square brackets are used inside the main quotation to enclose the words provided from the other version. This method is also the preferred method for providing modern equivalents of Old and Middle English words. The added words often appear in italic font, especially if they represent the foreign language, in which case italics allow you to use the nominative form of a word from an inflected language (see Section 6.2.2 above), but roman font and/or quotation marks can be used instead, particularly for translated words. Parentheses seem to be the most common choice for such interpolated words, whether they are in the original language or translations – ‘I was saying these things ( haec ) and weeping in the bitterest contrition of my heart ( cor )’ – and parentheses in such situations have the advantage of distinguishing the foreign or translated words from other interpolations or comments that you may need to add in square brackets. Though used less frequently than parentheses for adding original or translated words, square brackets are nonetheless appropriate for this purpose because the words from the second version are interpolated into the quotation, and such brackets are especially appropriate if you wish to offer any comments along with the words from the second version. If, however, either parentheses or square brackets are used for other purposes in the quoted passage (parentheses for parenthetical information provided by the original author, for example, or square brackets for variant readings that you include), it will be clearest not to use that type of bracket for words from the original text or a translation as well.
• Quotation marks: when quoting and translating foreign languages in the form of block quotations in the main text of a thesis, no quotation marks are necessary around either the original or the translation. If, however, original and translated versions are embedded in your text or presented in a note, quotation marks should be placed around both. Often the quotation marks enclose the whole structure, with the opening quotation mark placed at the beginning of the first version quoted and the closing quotation mark placed after the closing parenthesis or bracket surrounding the second version, as in this example: In Watts (1912, p.462) the line reads ‘Dicebam haec, et flebam, amarissima contritione cordis mei (I was saying these things and weeping in the bitterest contrition of my heart).’ This is certainly the format that should be adopted if square brackets are used to enclose the second version, and it is also the best approach when partial translations or occasional original words are interpolated (either in parentheses or square brackets) in an embedded quotation (see my example using the same Latin passage in the preceding bulleted paragraph). When, however, an original version or translation follows the other and is enclosed in parentheses, two sets of quotation marks are sometimes used, with the first surrounding the first version and the second appearing within the parentheses and enclosing the second version: ‘Dicebam haec, et flebam, amarissima contritione cordis mei’ (‘I was saying these things and weeping in the bitterest contrition of my heart’).

Although it may be appropriate in a single thesis to use one format for quoting a foreign language in one situation and a different one in another, or to provide more of the original or more of the translation in one case than in another in order to communicate whatever might be necessary to enable readers to understand the quotations you use, consistency of style and practice should be observed as much as possible throughout a thesis. The consistent use of brackets (parentheses or square) for the same purposes in all quotations presented in a thesis is particularly important for ensuring that the source is accurately represented and the reader is able to determine what is intended in each case, so their use needs to be carefully planned to accommodate all the situations presented by the quoted passages, and any remaining anomalies should be clearly explained. Finally, your own translations of any quotations should represent the original as faithfully as possible, achieve a scholarly standard of correct English (with allowances for informal speech or writing if that is what you happen to be quoting) and present the material in the way that best serves your particular purposes and supports or advances your overall argument.

PRS Tip: If your thesis contains your own translations of quotations (or even a selection of words or phrases) borrowed from a language other than English and you are planning to engage the services of a professional proofreader, it is always a good idea to let the proofreader know that the translations are your own. An acknowledgement of the kind I have recommended above indicating that the translations are your own will communicate this fact to your proofreader as it does to other readers, but you may want to make your translating activities more explicit in any instructions you provide for your proofreader so that he or she feels free to check and correct if necessary the English of your translations. This is especially important if your first language is not English, because it is often difficult to express in a language with which you are less familiar the subtleties or profundity of the quotations that you have deemed worthy of use. If you also quote a passage in its original language, your proofreader may be able to judge how accurately you have conveyed the original author’s meaning (many of the proofreaders used by PRS, for instance, read and work in other languages as well as English), but even if the original is not available to your proofreader, he or she will be able to determine whether your translation is clear and grammatically correct, and also whether it expresses what other aspects of your text suggest the quotation should express. You can then compare your proofreader’s suggestions with the original text and make whatever adjustments might be necessary. Dealing with translated material is only one among many reasons to treat yourself to the proofreading services offered by PRS, which are quick, affordable and completely confidential. The PRS drop box at https://www.hightail.com/u/CEDS offers a safe and efficient way to submit your writing for proofreading, and the PRS team is more than happy to answer questions and provide any help you may need 24 hours a day from Monday to Friday. Please visit the PRS web site at http://www.proof-reading-service.com for further information.

Why PhD Success?

To Graduate Successfully

This article is part of a book called "PhD Success" which focuses on the writing process of a phd thesis, with its aim being to provide sound practices and principles for reporting and formatting in text the methods, results and discussion of even the most innovative and unique research in ways that are clear, correct, professional and persuasive.

The assumption of the book is that the doctoral candidate reading it is both eager to write and more than capable of doing so, but nonetheless requires information and guidance on exactly what he or she should be writing and how best to approach the task. The basic components of a doctoral thesis are outlined and described, as are the elements of complete and accurate scholarly references, and detailed descriptions of writing practices are clarified through the use of numerous examples.

The basic components of a doctoral thesis are outlined and described, as are the elements of complete and accurate scholarly references, and detailed descriptions of writing practices are clarified through the use of numerous examples. PhD Success provides guidance for students familiar with English and the procedures of English universities, but it also acknowledges that many theses in the English language are now written by candidates whose first language is not English, so it carefully explains the scholarly styles, conventions and standards expected of a successful doctoral thesis in the English language.

Individual chapters of this book address reflective and critical writing early in the thesis process; working successfully with thesis supervisors and benefiting from commentary and criticism; drafting and revising effective thesis chapters and developing an academic or scientific argument; writing and formatting a thesis in clear and correct scholarly English; citing, quoting and documenting sources thoroughly and accurately; and preparing for and excelling in thesis meetings and examinations. 

Completing a doctoral thesis successfully requires long and penetrating thought, intellectual rigour and creativity, original research and sound methods (whether established or innovative), precision in recording detail and a wide-ranging thoroughness, as much perseverance and mental toughness as insight and brilliance, and, no matter how many helpful writing guides are consulted, a great deal of hard work over a significant period of time. Writing a thesis can be an enjoyable as well as a challenging experience, however, and even if it is not always so, the personal and professional rewards of achieving such an enormous goal are considerable, as all doctoral candidates no doubt realise, and will last a great deal longer than any problems that may be encountered during the process.

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Rene Tetzner

Rene Tetzner's blog posts dedicated to academic writing. Although the focus is on How To Write a Doctoral Thesis, many other important aspects of research-based writing, editing and publishing are addressed in helpful detail.

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Dissertation

German-english translation for "dissertation", "dissertation" english translation, „dissertation“ : femininum, overview of all translations.

• (doctoral) thesis Dissertation Schulwesen | school SCHULE Dissertation Schulwesen | school SCHULE
• eine Dissertation über ( Akkusativ | accusative (case) akk ) etwas schreiben to write a thesis on etwas | something sth eine Dissertation über ( Akkusativ | accusative (case) akk ) etwas schreiben

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Synonyms for "Dissertation"

• Diss (ugs.) , Doktorarbeit , Inauguraldissertation

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▾ dictionary (german), dissertation noun, feminine —, dissertation n, doctoral thesis n, kumulative dissertation f —, seine dissertation f —, vorgelegte dissertation f —, medizinische dissertation f —, exzellente dissertation f —, ▸ dictionary (english), dissertation noun ( plural: dissertations ) —, dissertation f, diplomarbeit f, doktorarbeit f, degree dissertation n —, dissertation project n —, final dissertation n —, cumulative dissertation n —, dissertation work n —, dissertation subject n —, doctoral dissertation n —, excellent dissertation n —, dissertation text n —, medical dissertation n —, dissertation prize n —, long dissertation n —, degree dissertation title n —, dissertation projects pl —, ▸ external sources (english), ▾ external sources (german).

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Spanish translation of 'dissertation'

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• American English : dissertation / dɪsərˈteɪʃən /
• Brazilian Portuguese : dissertação
• Chinese : 论文 学位
• European Spanish : tesina
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