research paper for management students

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• 26 Apr 2024

Deion Sanders' Prime Lessons for Leading a Team to Victory

The former star athlete known for flash uses unglamorous command-and-control methods to get results as a college football coach. Business leaders can learn 10 key lessons from the way 'Coach Prime' builds a culture of respect and discipline without micromanaging, says Hise Gibson.

• 02 Apr 2024
• What Do You Think?

What's Enough to Make Us Happy?

Experts say happiness is often derived by a combination of good health, financial wellbeing, and solid relationships with family and friends. But are we forgetting to take stock of whether we have enough of these things? asks James Heskett. Open for comment; 0 Comments.

• Research & Ideas

Employees Out Sick? Inside One Company's Creative Approach to Staying Productive

Regular absenteeism can hobble output and even bring down a business. But fostering a collaborative culture that brings managers together can help companies weather surges of sick days and no-shows. Research by Jorge Tamayo shows how.

• 12 Mar 2024

Publish or Perish: What the Research Says About Productivity in Academia

Universities tend to evaluate professors based on their research output, but does that measure reflect the realities of higher ed? A study of 4,300 professors by Kyle Myers, Karim Lakhani, and colleagues probes the time demands, risk appetite, and compensation of faculty.

• 29 Feb 2024

Beyond Goals: David Beckham's Playbook for Mobilizing Star Talent

Reach soccer's pinnacle. Become a global brand. Buy a team. Sign Lionel Messi. David Beckham makes success look as easy as his epic free kicks. But leveraging world-class talent takes discipline and deft decision-making, as case studies by Anita Elberse reveal. What could other businesses learn from his ascent?

• 16 Feb 2024

Is Your Workplace Biased Against Introverts?

Extroverts are more likely to express their passion outwardly, giving them a leg up when it comes to raises and promotions, according to research by Jon Jachimowicz. Introverts are just as motivated and excited about their work, but show it differently. How can managers challenge their assumptions?

• 05 Feb 2024

The Middle Manager of the Future: More Coaching, Less Commanding

Skilled middle managers foster collaboration, inspire employees, and link important functions at companies. An analysis of more than 35 million job postings by Letian Zhang paints a counterintuitive picture of today's midlevel manager. Could these roles provide an innovation edge?

• 24 Jan 2024

Why Boeing’s Problems with the 737 MAX Began More Than 25 Years Ago

Aggressive cost cutting and rocky leadership changes have eroded the culture at Boeing, a company once admired for its engineering rigor, says Bill George. What will it take to repair the reputational damage wrought by years of crises involving its 737 MAX?

• 16 Jan 2024
• Cold Call Podcast

How SolarWinds Responded to the 2020 SUNBURST Cyberattack

In December of 2020, SolarWinds learned that they had fallen victim to hackers. Unknown actors had inserted malware called SUNBURST into a software update, potentially granting hackers access to thousands of its customers’ data, including government agencies across the globe and the US military. General Counsel Jason Bliss needed to orchestrate the company’s response without knowing how many of its 300,000 customers had been affected, or how severely. What’s more, the existing CEO was scheduled to step down and incoming CEO Sudhakar Ramakrishna had yet to come on board. Bliss needed to immediately communicate the company’s action plan with customers and the media. In this episode of Cold Call, Professor Frank Nagle discusses SolarWinds’ response to this supply chain attack in the case, “SolarWinds Confronts SUNBURST.”

• 02 Jan 2024

Do Boomerang CEOs Get a Bad Rap?

Several companies have brought back formerly successful CEOs in hopes of breathing new life into their organizations—with mixed results. But are we even measuring the boomerang CEOs' performance properly? asks James Heskett. Open for comment; 0 Comments.

• 12 Dec 2023

COVID Tested Global Supply Chains. Here’s How They’ve Adapted

A global supply chain reshuffling is underway as companies seek to diversify their distribution networks in response to pandemic-related shocks, says research by Laura Alfaro. What do these shifts mean for American businesses and buyers?

• 05 Dec 2023

What Founders Get Wrong about Sales and Marketing

Which sales candidate is a startup’s ideal first hire? What marketing channels are best to invest in? How aggressively should an executive team align sales with customer success? Senior Lecturer Mark Roberge discusses how early-stage founders, sales leaders, and marketing executives can address these challenges as they grow their ventures in the case, “Entrepreneurial Sales and Marketing Vignettes.”

• 31 Oct 2023

Checking Your Ethics: Would You Speak Up in These 3 Sticky Situations?

Would you complain about a client who verbally abuses their staff? Would you admit to cutting corners on your work? The answers aren't always clear, says David Fubini, who tackles tricky scenarios in a series of case studies and offers his advice from the field.

• 12 Sep 2023

Can Remote Surgeries Digitally Transform Operating Rooms?

Launched in 2016, Proximie was a platform that enabled clinicians, proctors, and medical device company personnel to be virtually present in operating rooms, where they would use mixed reality and digital audio and visual tools to communicate with, mentor, assist, and observe those performing medical procedures. The goal was to improve patient outcomes. The company had grown quickly, and its technology had been used in tens of thousands of procedures in more than 50 countries and 500 hospitals. It had raised close to $50 million in equity financing and was now entering strategic partnerships to broaden its reach. Nadine Hachach-Haram, founder and CEO of Proximie, aspired for Proximie to become a platform that powered every operating room in the world, but she had to carefully consider the company’s partnership and data strategies in order to scale. What approach would position the company best for the next stage of growth? Harvard Business School associate professor Ariel Stern discusses creating value in health care through a digital transformation of operating rooms in her case, “Proximie: Using XR Technology to Create Borderless Operating Rooms.”

• 28 Aug 2023

The Clock Is Ticking: 3 Ways to Manage Your Time Better

Life is short. Are you using your time wisely? Leslie Perlow, Arthur Brooks, and DJ DiDonna offer time management advice to help you work smarter and live happier.

• 15 Aug 2023

Ryan Serhant: How to Manage Your Time for Happiness

Real estate entrepreneur, television star, husband, and father Ryan Serhant is incredibly busy and successful. He starts his days at 4:00 am and often doesn’t end them until 11:00 pm. But, it wasn’t always like that. In 2020, just a few months after the US began to shut down in order to prevent the spread of the Covid-19 virus, Serhant had time to reflect on his career as a real estate broker in New York City, wondering if the period of selling real estate at record highs was over. He considered whether he should stay at his current real estate brokerage or launch his own brokerage during a pandemic? Each option had very different implications for his time and flexibility. Professor Ashley Whillans and her co-author Hawken Lord (MBA 2023) discuss Serhant’s time management techniques and consider the lessons we can all learn about making time our most valuable commodity in the case, “Ryan Serhant: Time Management for Repeatable Success.”

• 08 Aug 2023

The Rise of Employee Analytics: Productivity Dream or Micromanagement Nightmare?

"People analytics"—using employee data to make management decisions—could soon transform the workplace and hiring, but implementation will be critical, says Jeffrey Polzer. After all, do managers really need to know about employees' every keystroke?

• 01 Aug 2023

Can Business Transform Primary Health Care Across Africa?

mPharma, headquartered in Ghana, is trying to create the largest pan-African health care company. Their mission is to provide primary care and a reliable and fairly priced supply of drugs in the nine African countries where they operate. Co-founder and CEO Gregory Rockson needs to decide which component of strategy to prioritize in the next three years. His options include launching a telemedicine program, expanding his pharmacies across the continent, and creating a new payment program to cover the cost of common medications. Rockson cares deeply about health equity, but his venture capital-financed company also must be profitable. Which option should he focus on expanding? Harvard Business School Professor Regina Herzlinger and case protagonist Gregory Rockson discuss the important role business plays in improving health care in the case, “mPharma: Scaling Access to Affordable Primary Care in Africa.”

• 05 Jul 2023

How Unilever Is Preparing for the Future of Work

Launched in 2016, Unilever’s Future of Work initiative aimed to accelerate the speed of change throughout the organization and prepare its workforce for a digitalized and highly automated era. But despite its success over the last three years, the program still faces significant challenges in its implementation. How should Unilever, one of the world's largest consumer goods companies, best prepare and upscale its workforce for the future? How should Unilever adapt and accelerate the speed of change throughout the organization? Is it even possible to lead a systematic, agile workforce transformation across several geographies while accounting for local context? Harvard Business School professor and faculty co-chair of the Managing the Future of Work Project William Kerr and Patrick Hull, Unilever’s vice president of global learning and future of work, discuss how rapid advances in artificial intelligence, machine learning, and automation are changing the nature of work in the case, “Unilever's Response to the Future of Work.”

How Are Middle Managers Falling Down Most Often on Employee Inclusion?

Companies are struggling to retain employees from underrepresented groups, many of whom don't feel heard in the workplace. What do managers need to do to build truly inclusive teams? asks James Heskett. Open for comment; 0 Comments.

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100s of Free Management Dissertation Topics and Titles

Published by Grace Graffin at January 6th, 2023 , Revised On April 16, 2024

Introduction

The subject of management involves an in-depth understanding of the various aspects of business management, such as employee management, risk management, organisational behaviour, and many more.

When choosing a topic for your management dissertation, make sure to consider diverse topics that explore both the theoretical and practical aspects of management.

We understand that getting a dissertation topic approved can be extremely challenging as academic supervisors require students to research a unique case.

This is where our team of writers comes into play. Our writers can up with exciting and manageable management dissertation topics to help get the juices flowing in your head so you can write your dissertation on a unique and engaging topic.

You may also want to start your dissertation by requesting  a brief research proposal  from our writers on any of these topics, which includes an  introduction  to the topic,  research question ,  aim and objectives ,  literature review  along with the proposed  methodology  of research to be conducted.  Let us know  if you need any help in getting started.

Check our  dissertation examples  to get an idea of  how to structure your dissertation .

Review the full list of  dissertation topics for here.

How to Select the Best Management Dissertation Topic?

A dissertation topic must be selected based on research interests, availability of data, time limitations, and the research’s scope and significance. The following management dissertation topics are carefully shortlisted while considering all these parameters. Please review these topics and let us know if you have any queries.

Also Read: Operations Management Dissertation Topics

• International Development Dissertation Topics
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• Business Information Technology Dissertation Topics
• International Business Dissertation Topics
• Business Management Dissertation Topics
• Business Psychology Dissertation Topics
• Business Law Dissertation Topics
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• Business Dissertation Topics
• HRM Dissertation Topics
• Operations Management Dissertation Topics

2024 Management Research Topics

Topic 1: an evaluation of organizational change management- why do people tend to oppose change.

Research Aim: The research will aim to assess the structure of organizational change management and to find the reasons why people resist or oppose the changes in an organization. There are many reasons through which change in organization’s management becomes important but some employees’ does not accept that changes. There are many reasons why people resist changes on organization. In certain circumstances, resistance to change might be beneficial. Resistance to change is, in fact, a crucial feedback mechanism that must not be neglected.

Topic 2: Investigating the effectiveness of customer relationship management in airlines

Research Aim: The research will aim to study the efficiency of CRM in airlines. Customer relationship management has evolved into a critical technique used by every corporation to better its operations and obtain a competitive advantage over competitors. Customer relationship management has evolved into a key priority for airline firms and an integral part of airline businesses’ corporate strategy to distinguish themselves from rivals in the eyes of the consumer. The goal of facility organisations, such as airlines, is to provide services that attract and maintain satisfied, loyal customers who promote the airline.

Topic 3: How does leadership affect employees’ productivity? A case of IT firms

Research Aim: This research will focus on leadership positions in IT organisations with the goal of increasing staff productivity and performance. Leadership is essential for increasing employee retention, career drive, and efficiency. Most companies’ progress is accelerated by effective leadership. As a result, it is critical to organisational success. Employee performance, on the other hand, is a critical pillar of every firm, and companies must examine the variables that contribute to great performance. Leadership is based on confidence, which is based on skill, sincerity, ethics, transparency, reactivity, empathy, and kindness.

Topic 4: The effect of organisation advancement tools on business performance

Research Aim: The research will aim to find the effect of organization advancement on business performance. Organizational tools are objects that assist you in organising your workspace, resources, and tasks in order to make your workday more effective. Physical instruments, planners, and software platforms are examples of what they can be. Organization advancement tools are a great source to improve your business performance as they help you in managing your daily tasks and workforce.

Topic 5: The importance of leadership and social skills in new entrepreneurs: An investigative study

Research Aim: The research will aim to investigate the importance of leadership and social skills in new entrepreneurs. Developing talent, introducing innovative goods and services, delivering efficiency, and gaining market share all benefit from improved leadership qualities. If you wish to stay small, you might be able to get away with not growing your leaders. Otherwise, it will restrict your progress. Social skills enable entrepreneurs to interact with customers more effectively, resulting in more agreements and more profitability.

Covid-19 Management Research Topics

Crisis management during covd-19.

Research Aim: This study will identify crisis management aspects during COVD-19, including its challenges and solutions.

Business management during COVID-19

Research Aim: This study will review business executives’ challenges in various scale industries and how they are recovering from the loss. How far did they succeed?

Hospital and medicine management during COVID-19

Research Aim: This study will highlight the role of hospital management during COVID-19, the challenges they came across, and the ways to overcome those challenges.

Educational management during COVID-19

Research Aim: This study will address the issues faced by students and educational institutes. How are they trying to overcome the challenges of imparting education during the coronavirus pandemics?

Maternal health care management during COVID-19

Research Aim: The lockdown situation has been an issue of concern for the patients, including pregnant women. This study will address the role of Maternal health care management during COVID-19.

Management Dissertation Topics for 2023

Topic 1: analyzing the traditions and trends in public administration and management in post-wwii europe.

Research Aim: The purpose of the research will be to analyze the characteristics of cultural and national communities that have influenced public administration and management in the 1970s and 1980s in Europe. The study will be carried out using a systematic literature review.

Topic 2: The Impact of Gender-inclusive Gatekeeping and Predecessors Influence on the Success of Female CEOs

Research Aim: The purpose of the research will explore how local organisational agents and contexts can help women leaders overcome barriers and achieve success at higher levels in corporate firms. The study will focus on CEO succession events and predecessor CEOS factors and their influence on women post-succession. The research design will be developed qualitatively.

Topic 3: Analysing the Impact of Daily Psychological Power on Organisational Leaders

Research Aim: The research will use quantitative techniques to analyze power-holders relational and interdependent work contexts. The study will examine the effect of daily psychological power using the factors of abusive behaviour and perceived incivility.

Topic 4: Examining the Impact of Cultural Diversity on Interaction Process and Performance

Research Aim: Using quantitative techniques, the research will analyse the interaction process and performance factors in two groups of employees in the services industry – homogenous and culturally diverse. The effectiveness in operation and arrangements will be examined.

Topic 5: Analyzing the Impact of ‘Voice’ and ‘Silence’ on Destructive Leadership

Research Aim: The research will examine the limited and biased view of silence in management literature. The study will also analyse the impact of silence in an organisation in terms of a functional value using quantitative research techniques. Furthermore, how silence in organisations can be used as a strategic response will be discussed.

Topic 6: Examining the Relationship between Productivity, Management Practices, and Employee Ability in the UK Setting

Research Aim: Using quantitative techniques, the study will analyse a relationship between productivity, management practices, and employee ability using data from management practices surveys and employees’ longitudinal earnings records.

Topic 7: Analysing the Factors that Impact International Differences in Gender Pay Gap

Research Aim: The research will use quantitative techniques to analyse microdata from various countries between 1980 and 2010. The study will use the factors of wage structures, net supply, wage compression, collective bargaining coverage, and unionised wage setting to identify the lower gender pay gap internationally.

Topic 8: The Impact of Psychosocial Hazards on Workplace Risk Management

Research Aim: The study will investigate workplace risk management practices in industry sectors with a high risk of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) and mental health disorders (MHDs) and the extent to which they may rise from psychosocial hazards. The research will be conducted using qualitative research techniques.

Strategic Management and Organisational Behavior Dissertation Topics

Strategic management and organisational behaviour can be described as the actions a firm takes to achieve its business objectives primarily derived from competitive markets’ dynamic behaviour. Following are some interesting dissertation topics under this field of study;

Topic 1: The Impact of Organisational Goals on Organisation Behavior

Research Aim: The primary focus of this research will be to combine factors from the theory of action, phases and self-determination theory to develop a motivational model that will explain the relationship between organisational goals setting process that lead to organisational behaviour. The research will be conducted using mixed methods of research techniques.

Topic 2: Integrating the Principles of Strategic Human Capital and Strategic Human Resource Management to Improve Organisational Performance

Topic 3: comparing the impact of family and non-family firm goals on strategy, family and organisational behavior.

Research Aim: This research will analyse the differences between family and non-family business goals and their impact on how businesses develop strategies. Also, the research will assess how these developed strategies would affect family and organisational behaviour. This research will use quantitative research techniques.

Topic 4: Analyzing the Effect of Strategy, Innovation, Networks and Complexity on Organisational Adaptability – The Mediating Effect of Leadership

Research Aim: The current study will use empirical analysis to examine the effects of strategy, innovation, networks, and complexity of organisational adaptability using leadership as a mediation factor.

Topic 5: Examining the Effect of Appointment of a Racial Minority Female CEO on White Male Top Manager Intrapsychic and Behavioral Responses

Research Aim: This research will examine white male managers’ behavioural responses to a female racial minority CEO’s appointment. The behaviour that the research will analyse is the amount of help that the white male top manager provides to their fellow executives. The research will be conducted using quantitative techniques.

Topic 6: Analysis of the Effectiveness of an Affect-Based Model to Portray Recipients Responses to Organisational Change Events

Research Aim: The study will use the Affect-Based Model developed by Oreg et al. (2016) to analyse if it is useful in documenting and portraying the recipient responses to organisational change events. The research will use factors of valence and activation to assess the effectiveness of the model. The study will be conducted using quantitative techniques.

Topic 7: Evaluating the Relationship between the personality of a CEO and Employee Motivation

Research Aim: This research will investigate the relationship between a CEO’s personality and employee motivation. The core of this study will be to assess whether a CEO’s character possesses the power to influence employee motivation or not. Case studies from various companies will be used in this study.

Topic 8: Assessing the Role of Managers in Bringing and Implementing Technological Change in an Organisation

Research Aim: This research will focus on how managers implement technological change in their organisations. Change management is challenging as not all employees are open to accepting change. This research will focus on various ways through which managers successfully implement technological change in their companies.

Topic 9: An Analysis of Organisational Change Management: Why Employees Resist Change?

Research Aim: This research will focus on why employees resist change in organisations, i.e., why employees dislike change. Different causes and factors will be discussed in this study, and the research will conclude why employees do not wholeheartedly accept the change.

Knowledge Management Dissertation Topics

The importance of knowledge management for organisations can’t be understated because this aspect of management enhances the workforce’s capabilities and overall productivity. It leads to a competitive advantage and provides the basis for differentiating an organisation from its competitors. Some interesting dissertation topics under this field are;

Topic 1: Examining the Impact of Enterprise Social Networking Systems (ESNS) on Knowledge Management and Organisational Learning

Research Aim: The research will investigate the effect of ESNS on knowledge management processes and organisational learning. The research will use knowledge creation and sharing to play the mediating role in analysing the proposed relationship. The proposed study will use empirical research methods.

Topic 2: A Review of Knowledge Management Research

Research Aim: The research paper will use a systematic literature review technique for the proposed study. The research will review the last twenty years of knowledge management literature to assess the presence of bias in explaining knowledge integration over research by exploring knowledge differentiation processes.

Topic 3: The Impact of the Internet of Things (IoT) on Innovation and Knowledge Management Capacity

Research Aim: The purpose of this research will be to investigate the plausible relationship between knowledge management systems, open innovation, knowledge management capacity, and innovation capacity in firms. The research will be conducted using empirical techniques to draw reliable conclusions.

Topic 4: The Impact of Strategic Knowledge Management on MNC and their Subsidiaries Performance

Research Aim: The research will develop a model to test the possibility of a relationship between strategic knowledge management (SKM) processes and organisation performance compared between multinational companies and their subsidiaries. The research will also analyse the impact of relational context on knowledge creation and transfer.

Topic 5: Analyzing the Relationship between Knowledge Management Practices and Knowledge Worker Performance - The Mediating Role of Organisational Commitment

Research Aim: The study will analyse the role of knowledge management practices to address the issues of insufficient organisational commitment and knowledge workers’ performance in the UK’s public sectors. The proposed study will use quantitative research techniques to fulfil its aim and objectives.

Topic 6: The Relationship between Knowledge Management Processes and Sustainable Competitive Advantage in Private Business Schools in the UK

Research Aim: The proposed research will explore the impact of knowledge management processes on sustainable completive advantages by using knowledge-based view (KBV) and resource-based view (RBV) as mediators in the relationship. The research will be conducted using quantitative techniques of data collection (i.e. questionnaire) and analysis (i.e. structural equation modelling).

Topic 7: The Impact of Strategic Knowledge Management on Manufacturing Firm’s Performance

Research Aim: The purpose of the study will be to empirically investigate the relationship between the availability and use of IT solutions for strategic knowledge management and a manufacturing firm’s performance, which will be measured in unit production. The research will use the resource-based view and the knowledge-based theory to develop a conceptual framework to analyze this relationship’s effect.

Topic 8: Evaluating how Knowledge Management Impacts Company Performance: A Case Study of Sainsbury

Research Aim: This research will discuss the basic concepts of knowledge management. The study will also discuss the impact knowledge management has on a company’s performance, i.e. how it helps companies achieve their goals. The main focus of this research work will be on Sainsbury’s knowledge management framework.

Topic 9: Knowledge Management as a Core Competency? Evaluating the Application and Benefits of Knowledge Management

Research Aim: This research will uncover how companies utilise knowledge management as their core competency and how it benefits their business operations. This study’s main focus will be on applying the various concepts of knowledge management and their implication for businesses.

Topic 10: Exploring the Managerial Concerns and Issues in Knowledge Management and Their Impact on Organisations

Research Aim: This research will explore the managerial concerns and issues related to knowledge management. The study will also focus on assessing the impact of these issues on businesses and how they can influence day-to-day operations. This will be an evidence-based study where evidence from different companies and various situations will be evaluated.

Leadership and Management Information System Dissertation Topics

Leadership drives the organisational agenda and is regarded as one of the most influential factors in streamlining organisations’ processes. Good leadership results in better performance of any organisation because it gives direction to the business activities under the market conditions and requirements.

Similarly, management information systems are pivotal to any organisation’s success and successfully implementing them can benefit the organisation in many ways. Following are some dissertation topics under the subject of leadership and management information systems;

Topic 1: The Role of Information Systems (IS) in Enterprise Architecture and its Impact on Business Performance

Research Aim: This study will examine the relationship between IS Enterprise Architecture and business performance using technical alignment and IS capabilities mediators. This research will be conducted using quantitative techniques to fulfil its aim.

Topic 2: Exploring The Relationship between Ethical Leadership and Employee Knowledge Sharing

Research Aim: This research will use social learning theories and self-determination to investigate the relationship between ethical learning and employee knowledge sharing. The study will be conducted using empirical research techniques.

Topic 3: Analysing the Impact of Relationship Leadership and Social Alignment on Information Security Systems Effectiveness in Private Organisations

Research Aim: This research will use social capital theory as its theoretical foundation to explore the impact of relational leadership on social alignment between business and IT executives. The relational model will study the factors of integrated knowledge, information security system effectiveness, and organisational performance. This research will use empirical techniques.

Topic 4: Examining the Relationship between Operating Room (OR) Leadership and Operating Staff Performance

Research Aim: This research will analyse the relationship between Operating Room leadership and operating staff performance. This will be done using emotional intelligence and collaboration variables to assess staff performance, using recovery numbers. The relationship will also be examined through the mediating role of leadership principles. The data will be collected and assessed using quantitative research techniques.

Topic 5: The Role of Transformational Leadership as a Mediating Variable in the DeLone and McLean Information Success Model.

Research Aim: The research will use the DeLone and McLean Information Success Model to analyse if productivity software implemented in an organisation can improve its performance. However, the research will also evaluate the model and propose modifications to include transformational leadership as a mediating factor in the information success model. The research will be quantitative in nature.

Topic 6: Assessing the Role of Leadership in an Organisation to Help Adopt Advanced Technological Systems

Research Aim: This research will assess the role of leadership in an organisation to help companies realise the importance of innovative, technologically advanced systems. Many companies today are still naive to the ever more important role of technology. Thus this research will aim to help companies adopt innovative technological systems through leadership. The research will be evidence-based in nature.

Topic 7: Evaluating How Changing Business Leadership Impacts Technological Organisational Performance

Research Aim: Changing leadership in organisations can prove a disaster if not handled properly. The transition process is extremely challenging, and companies should have the capability to handle this phase. This research will explore how their decision to change leadership impacts technological and organisational performance and how to optimise the process. This research will be quantitative in nature.

Topic 8: Can Information Systems in Organisations Be Considered a Competitive Advantage?

Research Aim: Information systems, if implemented successfully, benefit organisations immensely. The impact that an information system has and its results help companies stay ahead of their competitors. This research will assess how companies can turn their information systems into a competitive advantage, and most importantly, whether they or not information systems should be considered a competitive advantage.

Topic 9: Understanding the Leadership Challenges of Implementing and Managing an Advanced Information System in an Organisation

Research Aim: This research will help explain the challenges that managers and the entire leadership of an organisation face when implementing an advanced information system. Bringing a change in a company is challenging, and throw in a technology to implement, the process becomes even more challenging. This study will explore in detail all related challenges through quantitative research.

Topic 10: Do all Business Processes in an Organisation need Information System Management?

Research Aim: It is often argued that not all business processes require information systems. However, when talking about today’s world and the technological advancements taking place, it is recommended that business processes in organisations adopt the technology. This research will be a comparative analysis of whether companies are successful and profitable with information systems or without them.

Also Read: Business Dissertation Topics

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Organisational Culture and International Business Dissertation Topics

Organisational culture shapes the work ethics and helps in defining the professional image of organisations. Organisational culture plays a huge role in international business.

Organisations that adopt the country’s culture they are operating in are known to run their operations more successfully. The following topics are related to organisational culture and international business and help students choose an appropriate topic according to their interests.

Topic 1: The Impact of Organisational Culture of Collaborative Networks Influence on IT Governance Performance in Large Enterprises

Research Aim: This research will explore the influence of collaborative networks’ organisational culture on IT governance performance. The study will use a case study to analyse multinationals as they have a wide working network. The purpose of the research will be to determine whether or not organisational culture helps businesses effectively use IT in business operations. The research will be conducted using mixed methods research.

Topic 2: Analysing the Relationship between Supervisor’s Job insecurity and Subordinates’ Work Engagement

Research Aim: The purpose of this research is two-fold. The research will analyse the relationship between the supervisor’s job insecurity and subordinates’ work engagement using a mediator and a moderator. The research will first examine the mediating role of subordinate’s pro-social voice between supervisor job insecurity and subordinates’ work engagement. Next, the research will examine the moderating role of organisational culture between the supervisor’s job insecurity and sub-ordinates pro-social voice. The research will be conducted through quantitative techniques.

Topic 3: Analysing the Impact of Individual Perception of Organisational Culture on the Learning Transfer Environment

Research Aim: The research will be conducted empirically to assess the relationship between culture (as perceived by employees) and the work environment based learning factors (i.e. learning transfer environment [LTE]) in the organisation). LTE is measured using feedback and coaching factors that received resistance or openness to chance, personal outcomes, and supervisor and peer support.

Topic 4: The Role of Organisational Culture on the Development of Psychological Distress in the Workplace

Research Aim: The purpose of the study will be to analyse how organisational culture may cause the symptoms of psychological distress in the workforce. The study will use corporate culture and work organisation conditions as base factors to relate them to employees’ psychological distress. The research will be conducted using quantitative research techniques.

Topic 5: Analysing the Role of Leadership and Organisational Culture

Research Aim: The research will examine the relationship between organisational culture, leadership and employee outcomes. The paper will focus on the mediator of leadership processes and their impact on the relationship between culture and employee outcomes. The study will be conducted using quantitative research techniques.

Topic 6: The Role and Relationships among Strategic Orientations, Cultural Intelligence, International Diversification and Performance of Organisations

Research Aim: The research will aim to understand the drivers of the international expansion of globalised firms. The research will explore the relationship between strategic orientations and cultural intelligence as drivers and international diversification and firm performance. Strategic orientations used in the study include international market orientation (IMO) and entrepreneurial orientation (IEO). The study will be conducted using quantitative research techniques.

Topic 7: Dynamics of Corruption Culture Distance to Core Values

Research Aim: The research will examine how corporate bribery is impacted by cultural distance between multinational enterprises (MNEs) in their home and host countries. The research will also analyse the organisational distance to core value between MNE’s entry into the host country and its headquarters. The research will use empirical data collection and analysis techniques.

Topic 8: Examining Organisational Export Performance by International Business Competencies

Research Aim: The study aims to explore the relationship between international business competencies and export performance. The research will also analyse export performance by singular analysis or combined analysis of the competencies. The research will be conducted using empirical data.

Topic 9: Does Organisational Culture Influence the Leadership Type that a Company Should Adopt?

Research Aim: This research will argue whether companies should hire leaders concerning their culture or not. Organisational culture and leadership are interconnected. Thus companies that do not operate according to their culture struggle to grow exponentially. This research will aim to focus on the possible relationship between leadership and organisational culture. The research will be evidence-based.

Topic 10: Organisational Culture and International Business Competition: Are they Interrelated?

Research Aim: Organisational culture plays a huge role in making a company competitive internationally. When a business’s culture is motivating to all employees and identifies the right culture for its employees, there is every likelihood of rapid growth for both the company and the employees. The research will explore how the two concepts are interrelated.

Important Notes:

As a management student looking to get good grades, it is essential to develop new ideas and experiment with existing management theories – i.e., to add value and interest to your research topic.

The management field is vast and interrelated to many other academic disciplines like operations management , business , business administration , MBA , human resource management and more. That is why creating a management dissertation topic that is particular, sound, and actually solves a practical problem that may be rampant in the field is imperative.

We can’t stress how important it is to develop a logical research topic based on your entire research. There are several significant downfalls to getting your topic wrong; your supervisor may not be interested in working on it, the topic has no academic creditability, the research may not make logical sense, there is a possibility that the study is not viable.

This impacts your time and efforts in writing your dissertation , as you may end up in the cycle of rejection at the initial stage of the dissertation. That is why we recommend reviewing existing research to develop a topic, taking advice from your supervisor, and even asking for help in this particular stage of your dissertation.

Keeping our advice in mind while developing a research topic will allow you to pick one of the best management dissertation topics that fulfil your requirement of writing a research paper and adds to the body of knowledge.

Therefore, it is recommended that when finalizing your dissertation topic, you read recently published literature to identify gaps in the research that you may help fill.

Remember- dissertation topics need to be unique, solve an identified problem, be logical, and be practically implemented. Please look at some of our sample management dissertation topics to get an idea for your own dissertation.

How to Structure your Management Dissertation

A well-structured dissertation can help students to achieve a high overall academic grade.

• A Title Page
• Acknowledgements
• Declaration
• Abstract: A summary of the research completed
• Table of Contents
• Introduction : This chapter includes the project rationale, research background, key research aims and objectives, and the research problems. An outline of the structure of a dissertation can also be added to this chapter.
• Literature Review : This chapter presents relevant theories and frameworks by analysing published and unpublished literature on the chosen research topic to address research questions . The purpose is to highlight and discuss the selected research area’s relative weaknesses and strengths while identifying research gaps. Break down the topic and key terms that can positively impact your dissertation and your tutor.
• Methodology : The data collection and analysis methods and techniques employed by the researcher are presented in the Methodology chapter, which usually includes research design , research philosophy, research limitations, code of conduct, ethical consideration, data collection methods, and data analysis strategy .
• Findings and Analysis : Findings of the research are analysed in detail under the Findings and Analysis chapter. All key findings/results are outlined in this chapter without interpreting the data or drawing any conclusions. It can be useful to include graphs, charts, and tables in this chapter to identify meaningful trends and relationships.
• Discussion and Conclusion : The researcher presents his interpretation of results in this chapter and states whether the research hypothesis has been verified or not. An essential aspect of this section is establishing the link between the results and evidence from the literature. Recommendations with regards to implications of the findings and directions for the future may also be provided. Finally, a summary of the overall research, along with final judgments, opinions, and comments, must be included in the form of suggestions for improvement.
• References : Make sure to complete this by your University’s requirements
• Bibliography
• Appendices : Any additional information, diagrams, and graphs used to complete the dissertation but not part of the dissertation should be included in the Appendices chapter. Essentially, the purpose is to expand the information/data.

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How to find dissertation topics about management.

To find management dissertation topics:

• Research recent management challenges.
• Explore industry trends and innovations.
• Analyze organizational behavior or strategies.
• Examine cross-cultural management issues.
• Investigate sustainability and ethics.
• Consult academic journals and experts.

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Topics for maritime law dissertations include the legalities of ships and other issues in international waters. Due to the importance of global connections and links in this field, marine law.

Here is a list of Linguistic dissertation topics to help you choose the one studies any one as per your requirements.

Physiotherapy is a healthcare profession that deals with movement disorders of the body arising from different conditions. Physiotherapy focuses on performing practices that reduce physical ailments.

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Research Topics & Ideas: Business

50+ Management Research Topic Ideas To Fast-Track Your Project

Finding and choosing a strong research topic is the critical first step when it comes to crafting a high-quality dissertation, thesis or research project. If you’ve landed on this post, chances are you’re looking for a business/management-related research topic , but aren’t sure where to start. Here, we’ll explore a variety of  research ideas and topic thought-starters for management-related research degrees (MBAs/DBAs, etc.). These research topics span management strategy, HR, finance, operations, international business and leadership.

NB – This is just the start…

The topic ideation and evaluation process has multiple steps . In this post, we’ll kickstart the process by sharing some research topic ideas within the management domain. This is the starting point, but to develop a well-defined research topic, you’ll need to identify a clear and convincing research gap , along with a well-justified plan of action to fill that gap.

If you’re new to the oftentimes perplexing world of research, or if this is your first time undertaking a formal academic research project, be sure to check out our free dissertation mini-course. In it, we cover the process of writing a dissertation or thesis from start to end. Be sure to also sign up for our free webinar that explores how to find a high-quality research topic. 

Overview: Business Research Topics

• Business /management strategy
• Human resources (HR) and industrial psychology
• Finance and accounting
• Operations management
• International business
• Actual business dissertations & theses

Strategy-Related Research Topics

• An analysis of the impact of digital transformation on business strategy in consulting firms
• The role of innovation in transportation practices for creating a competitive advantage within the agricultural sector
• Exploring the effect of globalisation on strategic decision-making practices for multinational Fashion brands.
• An evaluation of corporate social responsibility in shaping business strategy, a case study of power utilities in Nigeria
• Analysing the relationship between corporate culture and business strategy in the new digital era, exploring the role of remote working.
• Assessing the impact of sustainability practices on business strategy and performance in the motor vehicle manufacturing industry
• An analysis of the effect of social media on strategic partnerships and alliances development in the insurance industry
• Exploring the role of data-driven decision-making in business strategy developments following supply-chain disruptions in the agricultural sector
• Developing a conceptual framework for assessing the influence of market orientation on business strategy and performance in the video game publishing industry
• A review of strategic cost management best practices in the healthcare sector of Indonesia
• Identification of key strategic considerations required for the effective implementation of Industry 4.0 to develop a circular economy
• Reviewing how Globalisation has affected business model innovation strategies in the education sector
• A comparison of merger and acquisition strategies’ effects on novel product development in the Pharmaceutical industry
• An analysis of market strategy performance during recessions, a retrospective review of the luxury goods market in the US
• Comparing the performance of digital stakeholder engagement strategies and their contribution towards meeting SDGs in the mining sector

Topics & Ideas: Human Resources (HR)

• Exploring the impact of digital employee engagement practices on organizational performance in SMEs
• The role of diversity and inclusion in the workplace
• An evaluation of remote employee training and development programs efficacy in the e-commerce sector
• Comparing the effect of flexible work arrangements on employee satisfaction and productivity across generational divides
• Assessing the relationship between gender-focused employee empowerment programs and job satisfaction in the UAE
• A review of the impact of technology and digitisation on human resource management practices in the construction industry
• An analysis of the role of human resource management in talent acquisition and retention in response to globalisation and crisis, a case study of the South African power utility
• The influence of leadership style on remote working employee motivation and performance in the education sector.
• A comparison of performance appraisal systems for managing employee performance in the luxury retail fashion industry
• An examination of the relationship between work-life balance and job satisfaction in blue-collar workplaces, A systematic review
• Exploring HR personnel’s experiences managing digital workplace bullying in multinational corporations
• Assessing the success of HR team integration following merger and acquisition on employee engagement and performance
• Exploring HR green practices and their effects on retention of millennial talent in the fintech industry
• Assessing the impact of human resources analytics in successfully navigating digital transformation within the healthcare sector
• Exploring the role of HR staff in the development and maintenance of ethical business practices in fintech SMEs
• An analysis of employee perceptions of current HRM practices in a fully remote IT workspace

Topics & Ideas: Finance & Accounting

• An analysis of the effect of employee financial literacy on decision-making in manufacturing start-ups in Ghana
• Assessing the impact of corporate green innovation on financial performance in listed companies in Estonia
• Assessing the effect of corporate governance on financial performance in the mining industry in Papua New Guinea
• An evaluation of financial risk management practices in the construction industry of Saudi Arabia
• Exploring the role of leadership financial literacy in the transition from start-up to scale-up in the retail e-commerce industry.
• A review of influential macroeconomic factors on the adoption of cryptocurrencies as legal tender
• An examination of the use of financial derivatives in risk management
• Exploring the impact of the cryptocurrency disruption on stock trading practices in the EU
• An analysis of the relationship between corporate social responsibility and financial performance in academic publishing houses
• A comparison of financial ratios performance in evaluating E-commerce startups in South Korea.
• An evaluation of the role of government policies in facilitating manufacturing companies’ successful transitioning from start-up to scale-ups in Denmark
• Assessing the financial value associated with industry 4.0 transitions in the Indian pharmaceutical industry
• Exploring the role of effective e-leadership on financial performance in the Nigerian fintech industry
• A review of digital disruptions in CRM practices and their associated financial impact on listed companies during the Covid-19 pandemic
• Exploring the importance of Sharia-based business practices on SME financial performance in multicultural countries

Ideas: Operations Management

• An assessment of the impact of blockchain technology on operations management practices in the transport industry of Estonia
• An evaluation of supply chain disruption management strategies and their impact on business performance in Lithuania
• Exploring the role of lean manufacturing in the automotive industry of Malaysia and its effects on improving operational efficiency
• A critical review of optimal operations management strategies in luxury goods manufacturing for ensuring supply chain resilience
• Exploring the role of globalization on Supply chain diversification, a pre/post analysis of the COVID-19 pandemic
• An analysis of the relationship between quality management and customer satisfaction in subscription-based business models
• Assessing the cost of sustainable sourcing practices on operations management and supply chain resilience in the Cocao industry.
• An examination of the adoption of behavioural predictive analytics in operations management practices, a case study of the
• Italian automotive industry
• Exploring the effect of operational complexity on business performance following digital transformation
• An evaluation of barriers to the implementation of agile methods in project management within governmental institutions
• Assessing how the relationship between operational processes and business strategy change as companies transition from start-ups to scale-ups
• Exploring the relationship between operational management and innovative business models, lessons from the fintech industry
• A review of best practices for operations management facilitating the transition towards a circular economy in the fast food industry
• Exploring the viability of lean manufacturing practices in Vietnam’s plastics industry
• Assessing engagement in cybersecurity considerations associated with operations management practices in industry 4.0 manufacturing

Topics & Ideas: International Business

• The impact of cultural differences in communication on international business relationships
• An evaluation of the role of government import and export policies in shaping international business practices
• The effect of global shipping conditions on international business strategies
• An analysis of the challenges of managing multinational corporations: branch management
• The influence of social media marketing on international business operations
• The role of international trade agreements on business activities in developing countries
• An examination of the impact of currency fluctuations on international business and cost competitiveness
• The relationship between international business and sustainable development: perspectives and benefits
• An evaluation of the challenges and opportunities of doing business in emerging markets such as the renewable energy industry
• An analysis of the role of internationalisation via strategic alliances in international business
• The impact of cross-cultural management on international business performance
• The effect of political instability on international business operations: A case study of Russia
• An analysis of the role of intellectual property rights in an international technology company’s business strategies
• The relationship between corporate social responsibility and international business strategy: a comparative study of different industries
• The impact of technology on international business in the fashion industry

Topics & Ideas: Leadership

• A comparative study of the impact of different leadership styles on organizational performance
• An evaluation of transformational leadership in today’s non-profit organizations
• The role of emotional intelligence in effective leadership and productivity
• An analysis of the relationship between leadership style and employee motivation
• The influence of diversity and inclusion on leadership practices in South Africa
• The impact of Artificial Intelligence technology on leadership in the digital age
• An examination of the challenges of leadership in a rapidly changing business environment: examples from the finance industry
• The relationship between leadership and corporate culture and job satisfaction
• An evaluation of the role of transformational leadership in strategic decision-making
• The use of leadership development programs in enhancing leadership effectiveness in multinational organisations
• The impact of ethical leadership on organizational trust and reputation: an empirical study
• An analysis of the relationship between various leadership styles and employee well-being in healthcare organizations
• The role of leadership in promoting good work-life balance and job satisfaction in the age of remote work
• The influence of leadership on knowledge sharing and innovation in the technology industry
• An investigation of the impact of cultural intelligence on cross-cultural leadership effectiveness in global organizations

Business/Management Dissertation & Theses

While the ideas we’ve presented above are a decent starting point for finding a business-related research topic, they are fairly generic and non-specific. So, it helps to look at actual dissertations and theses to see how this all comes together.

Below, we’ve included a selection of research projects from various management-related degree programs (e.g., MBAs, DBAs, etc.) to help refine your thinking. These are actual dissertations and theses, written as part of Master’s and PhD-level programs, so they can provide some useful insight as to what a research topic looks like in practice.

• Sustaining Microbreweries Beyond 5 Years (Yanez, 2022)
• Perceived Stakeholder and Stockholder Views: A Comparison Among Accounting Students, Non-Accounting Business Students And Non-Business Students (Shajan, 2020)
• Attitudes Toward Corporate Social Responsibility and the New Ecological Paradigm among Business Students in Southern California (Barullas, 2020)
• Entrepreneurial opportunity alertness in small business: a narrative research study exploring established small business founders’ experience with opportunity alertness in an evolving economic landscape in the Southeastern United States (Hughes, 2019)
• Work-Integrated Learning in Closing Skills Gap in Public Procurement: A Qualitative Phenomenological Study (Culver, 2021)
• Analyzing the Drivers and Barriers to Green Business Practices for Small and Medium Enterprises in Ohio (Purwandani, 2020)
• The Role of Executive Business Travel in a Virtual World (Gale, 2022)
• Outsourcing Security and International Corporate Responsibility: A Critical Analysis of Private Military Companies (PMCs) and Human Rights Violations (Hawkins, 2022)
• Lean-excellence business management for small and medium-sized manufacturing companies in Kurdistan region of Iraq (Mohammad, 2021)
• Science Data Sharing: Applying a Disruptive Technology Platform Business Model (Edwards, 2022)
• Impact of Hurricanes on Small Construction Business and Their Recovery (Sahu, 2022)

Looking at these titles, you can probably pick up that the research topics here are quite specific and narrowly-focused , compared to the generic ones presented earlier. This is an important thing to keep in mind as you develop your own research topic. That is to say, to create a top-notch research topic, you must be precise and target a specific context with specific variables of interest . In other words, you need to identify a clear, well-justified research gap.

Fast-Track Your Topic Ideation

If you’d like hands-on help to speed up your topic ideation process and ensure that you develop a rock-solid research topic, check our our Topic Kickstarter service below.

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Great help. thanks

Hi, Your work is very educative, it has widened my knowledge. Thank you so much.

Thank you so much for helping me understand how to craft a research topic. I’m pursuing a PGDE. Thank you

Effect of Leadership, computerized accounting systems, risk management and monitoring on the quality of financial Reports among listed banks

May you assist on a possible PhD topic on analyzing economic behaviours within environmental, climate and energy domains, from a gender perspective. I seek to further investigate if/to which extent policies in these domains can be deemed economically unfair from a gender perspective, and whether the effectiveness of the policies can be increased while striving for inequalities not being perpetuated.

healthy work environment and employee diversity, technological innovations and their role in management practices, cultural difference affecting advertising, honesty as a company policy, an analysis of the relationships between quality management and customer satisfaction in subscription based business model,business corruption cases. That I was selected from the above topics.

Research topic accounting

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100+ Management Topics For Your Research Papers

As a student, you are probably very interested to learn about more ways to improve your grades. Management students, like all other students, should focus on learning. It is the best way to improve your grades, after all. However, there is another simple way you can improve the grades you get on your academic papers: finding exceptional management topics. Let’s talk about topics and show you why they are so important for students of all ages.

Great Management Topics = Top Grades

Finding great project management research topics usually means getting a top grade on the essay. Did you notice that some of your classmates are getting high grades without even trying too much? How do they do it? The simple answer is that they manage to impress the professor. It’s not easy, but it can be done. And you can do it too. For example, if you manage to find some business management research topics that nobody in your class thought about, you are almost guaranteed a top grade.

Your topic will pique the interest of your professor and will keep him or her reading. This means you will instantly get bonus points. It also shows to your professor that you’ve really strived to come up with an interesting topic. Of course, a unique topic also means you’ll submit an entirely original essay.

Where Can You Find the Best Management Topics?

Whether we’re talking about research topics in healthcare management or other management topics, you need to know where to find the best topics. Yes, you could try the Internet. However, keep in mind that most of your peers are using the same source to get topics. A good approach would be to ask industry experts for some interesting business management research paper topics. For example, you can ask around in forums and on blogs. Also, we advise you to check our great list of business topics .

Another great way to get some ideas is to read as many articles on management topics as possible. You’ll find plenty of examples and you can tweak them as much as you like. You’ll probably end up with a long list of unique topics.

However, the best and easiest way to get the best topics is to get in touch with an expert academic writer. A professional writer can come up with a list of research topics in management for you in no time. After all, this is what these people do. They have extensive experience writing academic papers for their clients. This being said, all you have to do is get in touch with an academic writing company and ask them for a list of management topics for a research paper.

Management Training Topics

Looking for amazing management training topics? Why don’t you pick one of the following examples:

• The best employee management tactics every company should employ in 2022.
• The various leadership styles around the world.
• How does a company train its HR department adequately?
• Is employee training necessary for coronavirus eradication?
• How do employees adapt to change without proper training?
• Does training influence employees’ loyalty?
• The importance of evaluating the performance of a team.
• Evolving technologies require thorough training programs.

Project Management Topics

Finding great project management topics can be a daunting task. To help you out, our expert writers have put together this list:

• Effective ways to manage international teams of remote workers.
• Effective project management methods that will work best in 2022.
• Define the Distance Education Management System.
• The Starbucks project management team: a case study.
• Global projects are the new form of organization.
• Outsourcing management problems in 2022.
• The negative side of outsourcing to India.
• The negative effects of stress and excessive work in the modern world.

Healthcare Management Research Paper Topics

Are you in need of excellent healthcare management research paper topics? Here are some of the best examples we can think of:

• Top methods to increase the effects of preventative care.
• Complying with the new privacy laws as a public hospital.
• How do hospitals acquire talent?
• Best way to retain talent in the healthcare industry.
• What are hospital ratings and how do their effect these institutions?
• Patient safety should be a manager’s primary concern.
• Can manpower be used to gauge a hospital’s performance?
• Case Study: The supply chain of drugs and medicine in a large hospital.

Risk Management Topics

When it comes to risk management topics, we doubt you will find topics more interesting than the following:

• Methods of accounting in case of natural disasters.
• How to protect assets as part of an integrated financial risk management strategy.
• Grouping clients into risk pools: best practices.
• What are the factors that influence risk management in the healthcare industry?
• Big data and its effects on risk management in the UK.
• The effects of advancing technology on risk management.
• 3 ways to tackle the supply chain risk in 2022.

Management Meetings Topics

What do you talk about during a management meeting? Let’s find out! Here are some of the most interesting management meetings topics:

• What do managers like to discuss during meetings?
• Supply chain and operations management can be integrated.
• Methods to discuss a change of pace in the company.
• Analyzing the marketing activities and their impact.
• The main steps of product development.

Sport Management Research Topics

Our sport management research topics are unique and original. You can use any of the following topics for free right now:

• The influence of music during training.
• Managing water intake during weightlifting exercises.
• Does mathematic coaching help with sports performance?
• Risk management in a sports organization.
• The legal risks sports organizations face in the UK.
• Discussing safety issues in football.
• The different leadership methods in sports management.

Operations Management Topics

It can be very difficult to find original operations management topics, we know. This is why we are here to help. Take a look at these new topics:

• Should you manufacture in-house or outsource?
• The difference between the main operations management strategies.
• What is the scope of operations management in the financial sector in the United States?
• The best research methods for operations management.
• Methods for bottleneck elimination.
• What is Lean manufacturing and what does it imply?
• The impact of the IT industry on operations management.

Management Topics for Presentation

Are you looking for management topics for the presentation? Although not the easiest thing to do, our expert managed to create some unique topics for you:

• The recruitment process in the Al Etihad company.
• The unique problems of organizing a sports organization.
• How do hospitals plan for biological attacks?
• Are business ethics the same for employees and managers?
• Managing lawsuits as a pharmaceutical company.
• Managing waste disposal as a fertilizer company in the UK.
• How does the COVID-19 virus affect the management of organizations?
• Using social media for company management purposes.

Research Topics in Human Resource Management

When you need to research topics in human resource management, you need our list. Here are some topics that we think you will find very interesting:

• Discussing equal employment opportunities in the UK.
• What is strategic HR planning?
• How is talent aligned to business?
• What are soft skills and hard skills?
• The many benefits of salary bonuses.
• Eliminating sexual harassment at the workplace.
• Eliminating drug use at the workplace.

Stress Management Topics

Do you need to write an amazing essay about stress management? In this case, you need to write on one of our stress management topics:

• Progressive muscle relaxation therapy.
• The best breathing exercises for stress.
• Keep a positive attitude to reduce stress.
• The effects of physical exercise on stress levels.
• Does discrimination cause stress?
• The link between stress and depression.
• Top 4 methods to manage stress effectively.

Controversial Topics in Business Management

Writing about controversial topics in business management will surely catch the eye of your professor. Here are some examples:

• What is sexual harassment at work?
• Let’s discuss the paid parental leave policy.
• The importance of health insurance coverage in the US.
• The worst cases of public relations blunders in the UK.
• Is workplace violence real?
• What causes drug use at the workplace in the US?
• Is bureaucracy useful in 2022?

Anger Management Group Topics

Don’t waste your time looking for anger management group topics and just write a paper on one of the original topics:

• Here is why you should think before you speak.
• Does exercise relieve anger?
• The best strategies for anger management in 2022.
• Playing video games can help you manage your anger.
• Is anger your friend?
• The best relaxing exercises for anger management.
• Are our anger management groups working?

Financial Management Topics

It’s difficult to find original financial management topics, but we managed to put together some unique topics for you:

• The difficulties of financial management in emerging countries.
• Work from home and the financial aspect of teleworking.
• How does a remote financial department work?
• Managing the finances of an SME during its expansion phase.
• Taking loans or self-funding your operations?
• A report on the financial workings of Netflix.
• How does Tesla get money without making a profit?
• Ford finances in Europe: a case study.

Easy Management Topics

Don’t want to spend too much time on the essay? Here are some easy management topics for you:

• Using computers in the learning process is not as easy as you think.
• Do you study abroad just to have an excuse to travel more?
• What are the various drinking styles when discussing college students?
• The sustainable organizations of the twenty-first century.
• Analyzing supply chain management from an environmental perspective.
• The main factors that affect the success of women managers.
• Methods of strategic planning in new SMEs.

Hot Topics in Pain Management

Here are the hot topics in pain management that you should be writing an essay on right now:

• The role of nurses in pain management in the United States.
• Defining modern pain science.
• Low back pain is more complex than you think.
• How do pain management drugs work?
• Should painkillers be prescribed to children?
• How addictive are painkillers?

It doesn’t matter that you need human resource management topics or management meeting topics. What matters the most is to learn how to pick the right topic. You can read dozens of articles on how to pick the right topic and waste hours learning the basics. Or you can just pick one of the topics our thesis writers thought of. It’s 100% free!

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Research Paper

Management research paper topics.

100 Management Research Paper Topics

Management Research Topics Part 1:

Entrepreneurship

• Organizational Emergence: Business Start-Up Issues
• Corporate Entrepreneurship
• Social Entrepreneurship and Social Enterprise
• High Technology Entrepreneurship
• Governmental Impedimentation and Facilitation of Entrepreneurship
• Women Entrepreneurs
• Entrepreneurial Resilience: What Makes Entrepreneurs Start Another Business After Failure?
• Strategic Planning in New Ventures and Young SMEs

Management Research Topics Part 2:

Business and Society: Contemporary Issues

• Fostering Social and Civic Responsibility by Organizations and Their People
• Poverty Alleviation as a Corporate Issue
• Organizational Crisis Management in the Post-9/11 Business Epoch
• Integrating Corporate Social Responsibility in the Management of Supply Chains
• Activist Groups Tactics to Influence Companies
• Global Business Citizenship: A Model of Social Responsibility and Ethical Behavior for the 21st Century
• Excessive Work and Its Business Consequences
• Factors Influencing Women Managers’ Success
• Future Directions in Labor Relations: A 2025 Perspective

Management Research Topics Part 3:

Managing the Global Enterprise

• Global Mind-Set
• Management in Developing Countries
• Internationally Managing in the Face of Terrorism-Induced Uncertainty
• HRM Best Practices and Transfers to the Asia Pacific Region
• Cultural Differences in Perceptions of Fairness in Organizational Contexts
• Winning in Asia
• Language Issues in Multinational Management

Management Research Topics Part 4:

Sustainability and the Natural Environment: Green Management

• Toward Sustainable Organizations for the 21st Century
• Why Do Firms Comply With Environmental Regulations?
• Understanding and Overcoming the Green Wall: Environmental Strategy, Leadership, and Change Management in Business
• Environmental Supply Chain Management

Management Research Topics Part 5:

Strategy in a Fast and Networked World

• Strategic Decisions in High-Velocity Contexts
• Innovation as a Strategy in Network Markets
• Planning Effectiveness for Internet-Based Interorganizational Systems
• The Competitive Advantage of Interconnected Firms
• New Product and Service Development in Strategic Alliances
• The Merger Paradox: Determinants and Effects
• Evolving Aspects of Outsourcing to India
• Holistic Approaches to Business Planning
• Culture-Sensitive Global Strategies
• Co-Opetition: Promises and Challenges
• Business Imitation

Management Research Topics Part 6:

Operations Management with New Technologies in a Global Context

• Supply Chain Management: Integration and Globalization in the Age of e-Business
• Mass Customization
• Improving Supply-Chain Information Velocity, Product Customization, and Cost Through Extended Enterprise Applications
• Business Process Outsourcing Management Issues
• Place and Space Strategies for 21st-Century Organizations
• Ethical Manufacturing

Management Research Topics Part 7:

Organizing in the Post-9/11 World

• Constraints on Strategy of an Organizational Structure
• Global Projects as New Organizational Form
• Artistic Methods and Business Disorganization
• Organizational Security

Management Research Topics Part 8:

Teaming In and Beyond Organizations in the Knowledge Economy

• The Evolving Nature of Work Teams: Changing to Meet the Requirements of the Future
• Collaborative Innovation: Web-Based Tools for Customer Involvement in New Product Development
• Coordination in Global Teams
• Transnational Teams in Knowledge-Intensive Organizations
• Conflict Management in Work Teams

Human Resources as a Key Strategic Factor

• Human Resources Management in the 21st Century
• Managing in the New Economy: Restructuring White-Collar Work in the United States, the United Kingdom, and Japan
• Work-Home Interaction: A Challenge to Human Resources Management
• External Competitiveness: Theoretical and Practical Facets of Strategic Pay Level Decision Making
• Flexible Labor
• Employee Wellness Programs
• Career Management
• Careers in Transition
• The Changing Nature of Mid- and Late Careers

Gender and Diversity in Organizations

• Diversity and Diversity Management in the Age of Globalization
• Ethnic and Minority Enterprise
• Aging and Work Motivation
• Family-Friendly Organizations

Management Research Topics Part 9:

Organizational Behavior

• Motivating Individuals and Groups at Work in the 21st Century
• Intrinsic Motivation in Public Organizations
• Why Self-Set Goals May Sometimes Be Non-Motivating
• Organizational Politics in Management Settings
• Understanding and Managing Misbehavior in Organizations
• Organizational Paranoia: Origins and Dysfunctional Consequences of Exaggerated Distrust and Suspicion in the Workplace
• New Approaches for Cultivating and Nourishing Communications Networks
• Intercultural Communication: Strategies for Managing Intercultural Dimensions of Business
• Emotion in Organizations

Management Research Topics Part 10:

Leadership Without Boundaries

• Leadership Style: Developing a Leadership Style to Fit 21st-Century Challenges
• Remote Leadership
• Leadership in Interorganizational Networks
• Challenges of Implicit Leadership Theories for Management
• Integrating Plurality: Toward an Integral Perspective on Leadership and Organization
• The Global Manager’s Work: Crossing Boundaries of Distance, Countries, and Cultures

Management Research Topics Part 11:

Information and Knowledge with Mobility and Ethics

• Knowledge Management: Strategy, Culture, Intellectual Capital, and Communities of Inquiry
• Facilitating Mobile and Virtual Work
• Balancing the Implications of Employee Telework: Understanding the Impacts for Individuals and Organizations
• Electronic Monitoring of Personal Web Use at Work
• Information Privacy in Organizations
• Multilingual Issues in Global E-Commerce Web Sites
• Managing Intangible Capital
• What Is the Business Case for Adopting RFID?

Management Research Topics Part 12:

Organization Development and Change in the 21st Century

• Change Agency in 21st-Century Organizational Life
• Organization Development in the 21st-Century
• The State of Organization Development
• Managing Creativity and Innovation in the 21st Century
• Organizational Memory: Why Does It Matter?
• Why Catastrophic Organizational Failures Happen

Management Research Topics Part 13:

Non-Business Organizations: New Perspectives

• Arts Management Issues in the 21st Century
• Hospital Planning for Weapons of Mass Destruction Incidents
• Unique Aspects of Managing Sports Organizations
• Managing Philanthropic Organizations for Creativity

The first section of this list of management research topics focuses on entrepreneurship in the modern world. Those entering the labor market today, beyond seeing careers in large enterprises, often find opportunities to join or start new ventures, sometimes even in virtual contexts such as second life. What is important to know about organizational emergence, corporate entrepreneurship, social entrepreneurship, social enterprise, high-technology entrepreneurship, the role of government in helping and impeding entrepreneurs, the special issues that women must address in starting new businesses, how to go about planning new businesses, and why entrepreneurs keep trying after initial failure of a new venture is covered here.

The second topical area to be addressed by this list of management research paper topics concerns contemporary issues of business, society, and government. The 21st century finds businesses nested in over multiple jurisdictions, where cultures and values are changing and that are increasingly beset by crises such as disasters of the natural environment. Global business citizenship is discussed as not only a socially responsible and ethical way for firms to proceed but as a sensible and effective way of fitting with the requirements of our time. New forms of labor relations are evolving given the robust positioning of competition, both domestic and international, of nonunion and low-wage enterprises. One research paper looks at directions in labor relations with a focus on what they might be in 2025. Excessive work and its business consequences is an issue addressed by a research paper linked in this list. The factors associated with the success of women managers in business are analyzed. Doing well by doing good is a current business buzz phrase. That is, making money by working with people in poorer nations who benefit by the partnership. This was chiefly sparked by Prahalad’s The Fortune at the Bottom of the Pyramid (2006). The multifaceted dimensions of this movement are addressed in a research paper in this section. Another paper discusses organizational crisis management in the post-9/11 business epoch. The proactive management of an organization’s environment including activist groups and other stakeholders is considered at length.

Managing the global enterprise is addressed with a focus on doing business in Asia and developing nations. How firms manage terrorism-induced uncertainty is one of the areas considered. The development of a global mind-set and working in a multilingual business world is covered.

Hurricane Katrina and Al Gore’s movie and book put global climate change on the agenda of leaders of business, government, and management professors and students, and the reference librarians who guide them. The part of our collection of research papers on Sustainability and the Natural Environment, begins with a research paper on Sustainable Organizations for the 21st Century. It is followed by a research paper explaining why firms comply or do not comply with environmental regulations. An applied focus is provided by a research paper on Environmental Strategy, Leadership, and Change Management in Business. The section concludes with a research paper on how many firms collaboratively incorporate environmentalist concerns in supply chain management.

Strategy in a fast and networked world is the theme of 11 research papers. How strategic decisions are made in high-velocity contexts begins the section. Innovation, effective planning, and competition in Internet-based interorganizational systems are covered by three research papers. Evolving aspects of outsourcing to countries such as India is the focus of another research paper. Business partnerships and mergers are discussed with a focus on interorganizational product and service development and deployment.

Six research papers are on operations management with new technologies in a global context. How companies’ boundaries blur in the integrated and globalized context in the age of e-business is one of the focal research paper topics. This is followed by improving supply chain information velocity, product customization, and cost through extended enterprise applications. How information technology and automated processes enable “mass customization” where products can be individualized profitably is the topic of a research paper. Ethical manufacturing is reviewed in a separate research paper.

Organization and disorganization topics are examined through the prism of post-9/11 security concerns. One research paper is on hospital planning for weapons of mass destruction incidents. Global projects as an important new organizational form is discussed in another research paper. The constraints of an organization’s structure on what it does are also covered.

Teaming in and beyond organizations in the knowledge economy is the focus of five research papers. The section begins with the evolving nature of work teams as they change to meet the requirements of the future. Web-based tools for collaborating with customers to develop new products and services are the subjects of a research paper. Transnational teams in knowledge-intensive organizations are discussed, as is the coordination in global teams and the conflict management within them.

The human resources as a key strategic factor topical section covers work-home interaction issues, flexibility in work and scheduling, wellness programs, and career management including the special issues associated with mid- and late careers. Diversity and its management in the age of globalization are covered in four research papers. Family friendly organizations are discussed with a focus on the future.

Managing the behavior of people in 21st century organizations is the subject of nine research papers. Motivating people working remotely is discussed. Also covered is making work in public organizations intrinsically motivating. Understanding and managing misbehavior in organizations is a topic of another research paper. Intercultural communications and strategies for managing the intercultural dimensions of business are treated in a separate research paper. Emotion, trust and mistrust, and organizational politics are covered here as well. The part on Organization Development and Change also has six research papers discussing how change can be most effectively carried out in contemporary organizations.

Leadership is the topic of over six research papers. The section begins with a research paper on developing a leadership style to fit modern challenges. Then, remote leadership in the new and evolving technological context is explained. Leadership across organizational, functional, cultural, and geographical boundaries is discussed.

The part on Information and Knowledge With Mobility and Ethics includes research papers covering knowledge management, communities of inquiry, facilitating mobile and virtual work, the impact of telework, electronic monitoring of person Web use at work, information privacy organizations, multilingual and multicultural issues in global e-commerce, managing intangible capital, and the implications of radio frequency identification technology.

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[100+] Management Research Topics With Free [Thesis Pdf] 2023

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90 outstanding management paper topics to use.

Despite your status, management is an aspect that you cannot avoid. From how you spend your pocket money to how you go about your daily activities, management is at the centre of it all. That is why you need quality management paper topics.

Coming up with such a topic is a two-edged sword; it is easy yet difficult at the same time. Many students find it difficult crafting such a topic because of its broad nature. Those who find it easy to handle such a task is as a result of practice and thorough research.

However, to be successful, you have to focus on the practical aspects of management. Use the factual statistics and data to make an informed decision on which topic to settle on for your paper.

Ensure that the topic you are handling brings a fresh perspective, not the old, boring fairy tales. To help you get what we mean by this, we have put together a list of 80+ professionally written management topics for research paper.

Healthcare Management Research Paper Topics

• What is the responsibility of nurses in managing the affairs of patients?
• Discuss problems that patients encounter when dealing with the administration
• How have hospital management practices evolved during the COVID-19 pandemic?
• Management faults that lower the reputation of hospitals
• Effective software that hospitals can use for records management
• How hospitals can deal with a financial crisis and recover
• Loopholes in the management of patient’s records in hospitals

Human Resource Management Research Paper Topics

• The role of a good human resource system for any company
• Should companies provide stipends for increasing the working efficiency of human resources?
• How appraisals and incentives help to increase productivity levels
• How to identify the missing links in the human resource system
• Effective criteria for promoting and demoting human resources
• The impact of coronavirus on the effectiveness and productivity of human resources
• Will the future workforce work remotely from home?

Project Management Research Paper Topics

• How to effectively deal with team conflicts
• Is digital technology a game-changer in project management?
• Principles and dynamics of project management in 2023
• Analyze the impact of coronavirus on project management
• What causes project delay and how to avoid it
• Considerations for project selection and suitability
• Project management soft skills that every manager should have

Supply Chain Management Research Paper Topics

• Success factors of digital transformation in supply chain management
• The impact of cross-functional collaboration when making decisions
• The relationship between block-chain and sustainable project management?
• Factors affecting the application of IoT on supply chain
• Evaluate the use of technology in modern-day supply and management
• Strategies to reduce costs in the supply chain management process
• The influence of Green supply chain management practices

Management Information Systems Research Paper Topics

• Is it possible to achieve satisfactory management information systems
• Efforts in MIS that paint a picture for future progress
• Impact of online MIS in data archival and retrieval
• MIS that can be used by schools during the COVID-19 pandemic
• Should businesses incorporate online MISs in their operations?
• The importance of having superior MISs in cost reduction
• How MISs have led to economic growth and development

Research Paper Topics For Business Management

• How to deal with challenges in a business start-up
• Business ethics that promote development and growth
• How to regulate diversity in the workplace and achieve maximum productivity
• Why owning your own business is better than franchising
• Why you should invest in online advertising as a business
• Ways of creating healthy work environments in the digital age
• Are women better business managers than men?

Research Paper Topics About Hotel and Restaurant Management

• How to handle guests effectively during the coronavirus pandemic
• Are fast-food restaurants really ‘fast’ per se?
• How to make affordable hotel & restaurant costs without incurring losses
• Why most, if not all hotel staff dress in white and black
• Analyze the location of hotels & restaurants
• How to deal with customer complaints arising from poor services
• Ways of achieving social distance in fast food restaurants

Risk Management Topics Paper

• How to best manage a terrorist attack in a hotel
• Can we detect natural disasters before they occur and manage them?
• Risk management tools for a nuclear energy processing plant
• How to effectively conduct a security drill without hurting anyone
• Best methods for dealing with operational risk management
• How to protect assets in financial risk management
• Ways of dealing with occupational hazards in dangerous work environments

College Management Information System Research Paper Topics

• Discuss the various applications of IT in MIS and its success
• Explore how MIS is applicable in marketing and market research
• How managers use MIS to inform their decision-making process
• Investigate ways in which MIS meets business needs
• Explain the role of data preservation in Management Information Systems
• Improving business management through strategic business modelling and simulation
• Identify the available business intelligence tools and techniques
• How to align MIS to the prevailing business needs

Change Management Research Paper Topics

• Using culture as a determinant for change in a multi-cultural company
• Why you should first build a change agent network before implementing the process
• How to implement change management that meets your specific environment
• Why you need different minds in the changing ecosystem
• How change management leads to business sustainability
• Review how Google implements their change management practices
• Compare and contrast change management in the private and public sectors
• Human factors that hinder change management

Research Paper Topics Hospitality Management

• Are the health and safety regulations too tough for hotels?
• How to ensure satisfactory hospitality services to all
• Discuss how the hospitality industry can retain its customers
• How to treat local and international tourists
• Evaluate the variations in hospitality services between different countries
• How to deal with a disappointed client in a hotel
• How have the new travel restrictions affected the hospitality industry?
• Ways of improving ecotourism in 2023

Operations Management Topics For Paper

• How to improve vertical and horizontal communication
• The role of human resources in enhancing operations management
• What are the advantages and disadvantages of outsourcing logistic operations?
• Compare and contrast the operations management systems for B2B and B2C companies
• Operational risks involved in a chemical processing plant and how to minimize
• Discuss the unique differences between operations management for products and services
• The role of operations management in forecasting market trends
• A case study analysis of operations management in an infectious disease unit
• Examine the role of the government in creating sustainable businesses
• Discuss different techniques involved in operations management

Topics in management should not give you sleepless nights. You can pick one of those listed above or seek expert paper writing help online at affordable rates today.

How to Manage Research Papers: A Cheat Sheet for Graduate Students

• August 1, 2022
• PRODUCTIVITY

Often, researchers find themselves overwhelmed by the vast number of papers they have to read and keep track of.

One of the biggest reasons for this is that we are not using existing tools and services to make our lives easier by managing research papers. In addition, it’s hard to find a versatile product that meets all our needs under one interface, but that is a topic for another post.

Our search for the best research paper management system might not be as straightforward as we think.

Manage research papers is an art that can be developed over time, starting with some handy resources.

Here are some tools I use to keep track of my favorite research papers and also keep up to date with the latest studies.

The main focus of this blog post will be on consumption (rather than writing), and I will cover:

Managing the input

Managing the process, managing the output.

Choose a place to keep unread papers.

Some people like printing papers and some don’t, and that’s okay! I used to print relevant papers for my research that I found interesting.

In the long run, printing all the papers might be overwhelming.

A designated place for unread papers is important, whether a physical folder on your desk or a virtual folder on your desktop.

The folder should serve more than just as a storage area; it should also be a reminder to read your unread papers. You may be tempted to download papers and forget about them, falling victim to PDF alibi syndrome , whereby you fool yourself into thinking you’ve read them.

So, schedule time to review papers every few weeks (on your calendar if necessary). A quick skim and a few notes are all you need to do. You won’t necessarily read each paper in detail.

Avoid the temptation to leave notes like “finish reading later.” However, if necessary, consider using notes like “need to read again before citing” for papers that were skimmed too quickly.

TIP: In case you don’t want to download the papers or have a file system like the one described above, try using an internet plugin such as “ MyMind “. You can sort your files, color code them and use tags.

Choose a reference manager.

An automated system will save a great deal of time in manuscript preparation if you are still manually formatting your references.

I downloaded all the research papers that interested me in the past, but now I realize that’s a bad idea. In addition to not reading even 10 percent of those papers, they also took up a lot of space and were messy without adding anything to my knowledge. I could have sorted the papers properly with a system after downloading them.

A little research led me to a solution.

While taking an online course, I heard about the reference manager, Zotero . I have been using Mendeley, but Zotero has some interesting features that I enjoy. One of these reasons is linking notes with Obsidian (which is my primary note-taking app).

As a result, I started using Zotero , and managing research papers has never been easier.

It is possible to create a poster or two without a reference manager, but citing references by hand for manuscripts and grants is extremely risky.

You can also track papers as you collect them by using a reference manager, especially since most reference managers offer powerful search functions. There are many options to choose from.

In addition to Zotero , Mendeley could be a good alternative. These two reference managers are both free. Several paid software may be free through your institution, including Papers and EndNote .

Take your time to choose the research paper manager that suits your needs, but don’t get overwhelmed. If you decide to switch later, you can always do so. Over the past several years, I have successfully transferred references from RefWorks to Mendeley to Zotero.

A reference-management tool such as Zotero, Mendeley, or Endnote helps you create lists of references, store them, and organize them in a database of folders, keywords, and tags. A browser plugin is available for saving a paper with a single click, and a word processor plugin is available for creating bibliographies and adding in-text citations.

Whenever I find a paper I’m interested in reading; I add it immediately to my reference manager. Once it’s safely stored, I can close the browser tab, knowing it’s easily accessible in the future.

TIP: It might be better to add papers to your reference manager through their web plugin rather than manually (by downloading a .pdf file) since manually adding them might not update all the necessary metadata.

Choose how to keep track of your notes.

Writing a summary of each paper as you read it is a great idea, but where do you store it?

Keeping track of your thoughts on papers you read is one of the most important aspects of managing research papers.

It is common for people to write separate documents for each paper, while others don’t write anything at all but simply tag papers (either virtually or physically) with keywords.

In the past, I kept a running a document with a few sentences about each paper I read.

However, this workflow can sometimes be overwhelming.

I’ve realized I was spending more time managing research papers than reading them. For me, it was not a very constructive methodology.

I wanted to use the most straightforward research paper managing system to store my output, so I took notes directly in my reference manager (Zotero has an in-built PDF reader for taking notes).

The annotations I take are extracted into a new file and kept in the same location as the paper.

Later, I extracted these notes to my primary note-taking app, Obsidian , and made some additional notes there.

Choose how to file papers.

The importance of having a system probably outweighs the importance of choosing a system.

But, no matter the system you have, it would be better to file the papers properly.

It can be difficult to file by topic due to the interdisciplinary nature of science.

The best thing to do would be to develop a file name system (per each .pdf file). However, if you had to do it manually, you might only do it for the first few papers. Therefore, you may need to automate the file renaming process.

I use the Zotero plugin “ Zotfile .” to do this task.

By using research paper information, you can name a file. Using the first author’s name, the year the article was published, and the first three words of the article title, you might name the file “ azamSelectiveProbingThinFilm2019 “(first author first name: Azam, first three words of the title: Selective Probing ThinFilm, year of publication: 2019).

Alternatively, you can use Zotero’s “ Citekey ” feature to generate a filename.

Final words

It is important to create a system to manage research papers so that they can be easily accessed in the future. You can easily keep track of what you’ve read if you follow the steps above.

However, there is no “one” right way to manage research papers, and I’m curious about how others do it. Feel free to comment, and we will update the post with any interesting responses!

This is the second post of the four-part blog series:  The Bulletproof Literature Management System . Follow the links below to read the other posts in the series:

• How to How to find Research Papers
• How to Manage Research Papers (You are here)
• How to Read Research Papers
• How to Organize Research Papers

Images courtesy : Phase vector created by new7ducks – www.freepik.com , Creative process vector created by storyset – www.freepik.com

Aruna Kumarasiri

Founder at Proactive Grad, Materials Engineer, Researcher, and turned author. In 2019, he started his professional carrier as a materials engineer with the continuation of his research studies. His exposure to both academic and industrial worlds has provided many opportunities for him to give back to young professionals.

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Management Research Paper

This sample management research paper features: 6500 words (approx. 22 pages), an outline, and a bibliography with 25 sources. Browse other research paper examples for more inspiration. If you need a thorough research paper written according to all the academic standards, you can always turn to our experienced writers for help. This is how your paper can get an A! Feel free to contact our writing service for professional assistance. We offer high-quality assignments for reasonable rates.

More Management Research Papers:

• Organizational Crisis Management Research Paper
• Corporate Social Responsibility and Supply Chain Management Research Paper
• Language Issues In Multinational Management Research Paper
• Environmental Strategy, Leadership, and Change Management Research Paper
• Environmental Supply Chain Management Research Paper

Management In Developing Countries Research Paper

A November 25, 2006 article in The Economist titled “Steel the Prize” discussed the takeover battle between Tata, an Indian conglomerate, and CSN, a Brazilian Steelmaker, for Corus—Corus is the Anglo Dutch company that absorbed British Steel (p. 64). This may be a harbinger of the face of the future—two giant companies from developing countries, fighting over a developed country asset. The Indian company Tata is emerging as a pioneer in automotive innovation, and China’s carmakers continue to copy cars from traditional automakers (“Carmaking in India” 2006, p. 64); at the same time Chinese-owned businesses are investing around the world, Dubai is establishing itself as a global financial center, and small and large companies from developing countries around the world are now investing in the developed world. What literature there is on management interactions between developing and developed countries implicitly assumes that managers from developed countries will be adapting to the environment in developing countries. The reverse may be more and more the reality of the management challenges of the 21st century.

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In many ways, this is contrary to traditional thinking about developing countries. Until quite recently, the developing countries were seen only as the recipients of aid and investment from the developed world. This may be changing, although the developing countries remain the poorer countries of the world. Much of this research-paper will discuss the implications of wealth, or its lack, on management in developing countries; however, throughout, readers should keep in mind the changing world in which we live because this changing world will determine what effective management is.

At the beginning of the 21st century, there is much discussion of the global nature of business and the need for management to be aware of the impact of globalization on business. There is little question that factors such as the relative ease of movement around the globe, innovations in communication and transportation technology, regional and international free trade agreements, international investment, continuing immigration, and so on, all contribute to a sense of the world being a global village. The reality, however, is that when we talk of globalization and international management, we are usually talking about management in the developed countries of the world. These richer countries account for a large majority of global trade and investment. These rich countries also account for most of the world’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP; the richest 20% of the world earn about 85% of the world’s GDP and the poorest 20% only 1%); however, they represent only about 20% of the world’s population. The focus of this research-paper is on management in the other 80% of the world—the developing world. Figure 1 shows graphically the growth in the gap between the world’s richest and poorest countries from 1820 to 1997.

The most recent negotiations at the World Trade Organization, the Doha Round, had a “development agenda.” These negotiations reached a stalemate in 2006, partly because the growing power of the developing countries meant that these countries would not accept solutions dictated by their richer counterparts. The focus on the developing countries indicates the interest that the world has in these countries. There are a number of reasons for this. First is simply the fact that they do make up about 80% of the world. In addition, the gap between the rich and poor countries has been growing, from 3 to 1 in the late 1800s to 75 to 1 in the late 1900s, and this gap worries many people. On a more positive side, the developing world is of interest because it represents a substantial potential market and workforce, and these countries can provide an array of products and services for the rest of the world.

Figure 1 Gap Between Rich and Poor Countries

While developing countries are often discussed as a group, as they will be here, in reality it is difficult, if not impossible, to talk of them as a group because the group is made up of such diverse countries—ranging from very large (e.g., China and India) to very small (e.g., Samoa and St. Lucia); including relatively well-off countries (e.g., Taiwan) and very poor ones (e.g., Haiti); covering a multiplicity of languages, religions, histories, and geographies; and representing all continents. This means that any discussion of these countries as a group must be tempered by a recognition that there will be as many differences among countries as there may be similarities.

This research-paper begins with definitions of developing countries. It identifies the major differences between the developed countries and the developing ones. Drawing on the differences and on the literature on management in developing countries, implications for management are outlined including issues associated with ethics and corporate social responsibility. The research-paper closes with a discussion of the current situation in developing countries and of how this is changing in the face of expansion of the People’s Republic of China, as well as the forces leading to convergence/divergence in cultures and management practices.

Definitions Of Development

Over time, the terminology used for development has varied. In the mid-1900s, the poorer countries were often referred to as “underdeveloped” or “less developed countries” (LDCs). Sometimes they were referred to as the “third world” (in contrast to the first, rich world and the second, communist world), and sometimes a distinction was drawn between the north (where most rich countries are) and the south (where most poor countries are). Reflecting the level of industrialization that accompanies development, sometimes the richer countries are referred to as industrialized countries. More recently, the terms that have become popular are developed countries, transition economies—the countries of east-central Europe, the Balkans, the Baltics, and the CIS—and emerging markets according to the Economist Intelligence Unit (2007). In this research-paper, developed and developing are used because most readers are likely to be familiar with these terms.

Whatever terminology is used, the developed countries are the richer ones and the developing are the poorer. Of course, within each group, there is a range of GDP per capita and a range of incomes. Especially in the developing countries, the range is large, with some countries being quite well-off and others being very poor (the poorest are often now called the “least developed” to identify their special needs).

Developed nations are those countries of the world considered to be more technologically and economically advanced. In constrast developing countries are relatively poorer. The specific measure that is usually used for determining a country’s status is income per capita. Using this measure, according to the Economist Intelligence Unit (2007), the developed countries of the world are Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Gibraltar, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, Luxembourg, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom, and the United States of America. All others are classified as emerging markets or transition economies.

While income per capita is traditionally used to classify countries as developed or developing, there are limitations to this measure, and it does not capture the quality of life that may be experienced in a particular country. An alternative measure is the Human Development Index (HDI), which incorporates a variety of additional measures such as health care, education, social benefits, and so on. By and large, the countries that score high on per capita income also score high on the HDI and vice versa. Nevertheless, the HDI provides a better sense of what one will experience in a particular country. For example, Barbados, although a developing country, was number 30 on the HDI list, indicating a relatively high standard of living.

Population Growth

Population growth in more developed countries is relatively slow, while population growth in the developing countries, especially Asia and Africa, remains high. The United Nations (UN) estimates show the population in Asia growing to over five billion by 2050.

Figure 2 Population Growth Estimates

The developing world already makes up about 80% of the world’s population. This percentage will increase in the near term. Of course, at the same time, some of these countries are becoming richer, and by 2050, they may no longer be listed among the developing countries. Nevertheless, it is clear that the sheer numbers of people likely to be in those countries now classified as developing mean that we cannot afford to continue ignoring them in research on management.

At the same time, the poverty of the developing world, combined with the richness of the developed, has resulted in substantial immigration from the poorer to the richer countries. This immigration provides pluses and minuses for each side. Migrants, both legal and illegal, are willing to undertake work that residents often eschew, and they contribute to the economies of their new countries. They send money home to their families and relieve their former countries of the burden of their welfare. Sometimes, however, they are seen as taking jobs from residents in their new homes, and contributing to a brain drain that leaves their former countries poorer.

The Reality In Developing Countries

According to a report on the BBC radio in April 2002, a poll of Europeans showed a negative view of developing countries, predominantly focused on poverty and illness.

In many ways, this is the reality of developing countries. As defined previously, these are the poorer countries of the world, so they exhibit the effects of being poor. There is a more positive side to the equation, however. For example,

• per capita incomes have been growing in developing countries, and there is a growing middle class in many of these countries;
• some developing countries score quite high on the HDI, indicating that they are good places to live;
• several developing countries are experiencing high rates of growth (the People’s Republic of China is a good instance);
• the developing countries represent a very substantial market, and source of supply; and
• concentrations of wealth in developing countries have allowed them to engage in outward international foreign direct investment.

Nevertheless, in most developing countries, being relatively poor means that

• people are concerned with basic needs or, in the better off developing countries, with achieving economic stability;
• infrastructure is limited—roads, railways, ports, and other physical facilities are nonexistent in some locations and only barely adequate in better off locations;
• social services are inadequate—education, health care, and social safety nets are minimal, if they exist at all; and
• resources are apparently scarce and their allocation is sometimes based on preferential systems such as individual and family need or influence.

Other differences characterize the developing countries. These include population growth, population dispersion, age distribution, literacy and numeracy levels, and gender roles according to United Nations Publications (1998, 2000, 2005). The following statistics illustrate the situation:

• Population growth rates have been substantially higher in the developing world (2%) than they have been in the developed world (0.6%). Fertility rates are also higher in the developing world (5 conceptions per woman vs. 1.9 in the developed world).
• The developing world remains more rural than the developed does (38% in cities vs. 78%). Cities are seen as places of opportunity for people in developing countries, and this results in continuing movements of people to cities that are often overcrowded and underserviced.
• People in developing countries are substantially younger than those in developed countries are. It is expected that by 2015, 18% of the population in developed countries will be over 65, while only 5% of those in developing countries will be.
• Life expectancy at birth is estimated at 72 years for the world, 78.6 years for the developed countries, and 70.6 years for the developing (the lowest group is Africa at 59.5 years).
• On average, people in developed countries have better access to education, and functional literacy and numeracy is normal. Even where developing countries have relatively good educational systems, lower levels of literacy and numeracy are more generally accepted.
• In most developing countries, gender roles are more pronounced than they are in developed countries. This includes discrimination against women in terms of land ownership, family inheritance, education, and income.

In addition, there appear to be some cultural differences between developed and developing countries. People in developing countries, in general, are more collective than those in developed countries are, power differentials are more pronounced in many developing countries, and people are somewhat more averse to uncertainty and risk. In addition, there is some evidence that, on average, people in developing countries are lower on need for achievement and more external in terms of locus of control than people in developed countries are. Figure 3 compares developed and developing countries on masculinity/femininity, individualism, power distance, and uncertainty avoidance, based on Hofstede’s (1984) measures of cultural values. As this comparison illustrates, the clearest distinctions are lower individualism and higher power distance in the developing countries.

Of course, these value dimensions were measured in the early 1980s, and we can expect that they may change over time, particularly in response to the changing environment of the 21st century. As countries become wealthier and as their middle classes increase in size, their cultural values will also likely change.

There also appear to be some political differences between developed and developing countries. Generally, the developed countries have well-established democratic processes, while the developing countries are more likely to be ruled by a powerful individual or an elite group; developing countries with democracies are often new democracies.

Figure 3 Comparison of Developed and Developing Countries on Cultural Values

Market approaches are also somewhat different between the two sets of countries. Developed countries, to a large extent, separate government and business, and support free markets and free enterprise. In developing countries, there is often a closer link between government and business, which is considered appropriate, and the state is seen as the agent of economic change. Governments in developing countries often accumulate capital from international agencies and use this wealth for economic purposes.

There is an interesting link between economic freedom and income levels as well. Gwartney and Lawson (2002) of the Fraser Institute described economic freedom as encompassing personal choice, voluntary exchange, freedom to compete, and protection of person and property. The Fraser Institute reported that, as incomes increase, economic freedom also increases. Consequently, the developing countries have scores that are lower on economic freedom than the more developed countries.

Most of the countries currently listed as developing were, until quite recently (the 1950s), colonies of the European powers. This colonial heritage is likely to influence their business practices in a number of ways:

• Colonies were traditionally producers for markets in the European countries. This means that for many colonies, the concept of marketing is largely ignored, with a focus on production instead.
• Colonies were in subordinate positions and instructed by the “colonial masters” (as the European powers were called) in matters of government, economics, and business. Decisions were made elsewhere, and in many of these countries, there is still a tendency to look to others for decisions.
• A top down decision-making style was enforced and accepted. Decisions were made at the master level, with little input from the local level, and these decisions were not questioned. This remains in the management style of many companies in developing countries.

It is difficult to be certain of the influence of colonization in a postcolonial society, but one can be certain that there is an influence. Further, as countries move further from colonial times, we can expect their management practices and styles to change.

Implications For Management In Developing Countries

There is relatively little research on management in developing countries. Thomas (1996) and Baruch (2001) commented that examinations of management have focused on locations in the industrialized world, particularly North America and Western Europe, resulting in management theories that are biased. In other words, management theories are based on the developed countries, and it is not clear which theories apply in developing countries and which do not. Because of this, it is very difficult to make statements about management in developing countries. The best approach then is to look at the factors that have been identified as defining developing countries and to make informed judgments about how these are likely to affect management, necessarily using the lexicon and conceptual constructs of the available literature, which is based on management in the developed world.

It is important to remember that the group of developing countries is made up of very diverse countries—ranging from China and India to Samoa and St. Lucia and including Taiwan and Haiti—with many languages, religions, histories, and geographies, and representing all continents. This means that any discussion on managing in these countries as a group is necessarily limited, and must largely ignore the specifics of individual countries. There is some literature on specific developing countries, and readers with an interest in a specific country should seek out these studies. Unfortunately, this literature is often not available outside of the country of origin, and rarely are translations done so that access can be limited. In recent years, there has been a substantial interest in the People’s Republic of China and some research on management has been done comparing management in the People’s Republic of China to the United States and other developed countries. In India, there is a substantial body of indigenous management literature. The same is true of some Latin American, African, and middle-eastern countries. The so-called BRIC countries— Brazil, Russia, India, and China—are currently the focus of some interest.

Management And Characteristics Of Developing Countries

Management has traditionally been described in terms of a process and five activities that make up the management process—planning, organizing, staffing, leading, and controlling—are usually discussed as basics of management. These are often portrayed in texts as sequential and iterative. Management begins with planning which sets the strategies, objectives, and goals for an organization—planning drives the organization and other management activities are intended to help achieve plans. Planning is followed by organizing, which provides structure to ensure that plans can be realized. Organizing is followed by staffing, in which people are identified to carry out the necessary functions to achieve plans. Staffing is followed by leading, which ensures that staff behaves in desirable ways that lead to achieving plans. Leading is followed by controlling, an activity that is designed to measure progress toward plans and allow for corrective action.

This model of management will be used to discuss how the management process in developing countries may differ from that in the developed countries. First, however, it is important to look at the model itself and its western biases. The process in the model is based on a sequential, logical, rational set of discrete activities, which are typical of a western, developed country viewpoint. The model assumes control over the environment so that making plans, designing structures, choosing people for specific jobs, and measuring outcomes are all reasonable activities.

Non-western countries often do not see the world in the same straight, sequenced pattern. Time in many non-western societies has been described as analog rather than digital and the context of communication is as important, or more important, than the content. A contrast of Saudi Arabian decision making with that of the United States talks of the Saudis circling while the Americans are linear. Many non-western countries believe more in the role of fate and do not assume that people have control over their environment.

These fundamental differences in worldview may mean that the very term management will mean something quite different in some developing countries, if it can be thought to exist at all. Nevertheless, the management model that is the norm in developed, western countries will be used for this discussion, because it will be familiar to most readers. Developing countries have generally been found to be somewhat more collective than developed countries, somewhat more accepting of power differentials, somewhat more averse to uncertainty, and more fatalistic. All of these attributes are likely to influence management and how the processes of management are carried out, as the following illustrates.

Collectivism suggests that planning will be generally be a group activity and the idea of consensus will be important. At the same time, acceptance of power differentials suggests that ultimately decisions will be made by those in positions of power, although input may be sought from subordinates. Preference for certainty/aversion to uncertainty adds to the likelihood that subordinates will look to their superiors for decisions because this eliminates a degree of risk. Preference for certainty may suggest a need for careful decision making, with contingency plans; however, this is not likely the case where the society is fatalistic. Fatalism implies an acceptance of the will of a supreme force or set of forces without question, and this may in turn make planning in detail seem contrary to this acceptance.

Collectivism suggests that work will be organized on a group or team basis, with tasks to be accomplished by groups rather than by individuals. Acceptance of power differentials likely means that clear cut hierarchies will be established, with power residing at the top. Preference for certainty/aversion to uncertainty means that rules, policies, and procedures will be important and that employees want a clear idea of what is expected of them. Fatalism implies acceptance of what happens without question, and this is likely to reinforce the acceptance of decisions from the top and willingness to follow the rules imposed from the top without question.

Collectivism suggests that staffing decisions will be made on the basis of people being able and willing to work together. This may mean people of similar backgrounds including the use of family members working together in groups (a practice that might be viewed negatively in North America and Europe). Acceptance of power differentials likely means that staffing decisions made by those in positions of power will be accepted and not questioned and those in power will make decisions about staff that reinforce their power. Factors such as ethnicity, religion, age, and gender that relate to power will be taken into account in staffing decisions. Preference for certainty/aversion to uncertainty reinforces acceptance of staffing decisions made by superiors as this is seen as providing security, and this is reinforced by fatalism, which encourages such acceptance, even where it may be unpleasant. In many developed countries “nepotism” or the favoring of one’s relatives in business dealings is seen as negative, in contrast, in developing countries, family members are trusted, and therefore to be favored.

Leadership that is collective, based on power, and providing certainty may best be described as paternal or benevolent autocracy. In other words, the leader is concerned with the good of the group, and both leader and followers believe that the leader knows best, therefore an autocratic style is expected and accepted. This style of leadership provides security because the leader’s power position is accepted by his (possibly her in unusual situations) subordinates. Fatalism supports this leadership style because the powerful leader cannot be wrong—bad decisions become “God’s will.”

Controlling

Controls in a collective society will be group rather than individual based—that is, goals will be set for groups and teams, output will be measured at the group level, quality will be a group responsibility, and so on. Controls will be determined by those in positions of power and they will control rewards and punishments that will be meted out in response to good performance or unacceptable performance or behavior. Rules, policies, and procedures that are clear will provide security and, thus, will be desired. At the same time, fatalism combined with acceptance of power differentials means that the superior may make exceptions to the rules, and this will be considered acceptable, even right.

The management style just described is one that in North America is often called “Theory X.” It is essentially top down, with management in tight control. The difference is that employees accept this style; therefore, it may work. In addition, there is a certain implication that, while autocratic in nature, it is a benevolent autocracy. The leader is expected to look after subordinates (as a father is expected to look after the family) and in return for this, employees are loyal to the leader.

Having discussed these management processes and how culture might influence them, it is appropriate to question them more generally:

• Is planning a necessary part of management? If events are predetermined, planning may at best be a waste of time, and at worst a questioning of a higher power.
• Should firms be formally organized? If personal influence is important in day-to-day activities, it may not be appropriate to identify positions within the firm.
• Can people be allocated to fill positions within the firm? If people prefer to work at tasks as they arise, it may not be helpful to allocate them to specific slots.
• Does management actively seek to direct and motivate subordinates? If people believe they should work hard for the good of their group, it may be counterproductive to lead them actively.
• If people accept responsibility it may not necessarily mean that they have committed to performance, as they react to a changing situation.
• Are control systems necessary to achieve desired outputs? If employees are willing to act as instructed by their superiors, controls may be redundant.

It is important for managers in different cultures to be aware that their own assumptions may be questioned. This is particularly for managers from developed countries operating in developing ones and vice versa.

Ethics And Corporate Social Responsibility In The Context Of Development

A critical consideration for managers everywhere is that of ethics and corporate social responsibility. It may be particularly a concern in developing countries because what is considered ethical in a developed country may be considered unethical in a developing country and vice versa. For example, in the United States, lobbying is considered a normal activity—companies and industries send lobbyists to influence government representatives, asking these government representatives to make decisions that will positively affect the company or industry and offering political support in return. In other countries, this is considered unethical and the equivalent of bribing the government. Similarly, in North America, it is normal to tip restaurant waiters and taxi drivers, but people from many parts of the world are mystified or even insulted by this practice because the waiters and taxi drivers are simply performing an expected service—doing their jobs. In parts of Africa, Asia, and Latin America, it is customary to tip customs officials, while North Americans see this as bribery, because it is intended to get preferential treatment.

Developing countries have often been portrayed as more corrupt than developed countries. That is, there is more need for unreported payments and gifts in business dealings. These payments may be to civil servants, government officials, or other businesses. Transparency International (2007) prepares an annual index of corruption across the world. The countries at the bottom of the list are all developing countries, and those at the top are developed countries. While this suggests that managers in developing countries may have to deal with issues of “extra payments,” it is worth noting that, often, managers from the developed countries make these payments and contribute to the continuation of the practice. The mismanagement of funds in Iraq by U.S. companies, and the scandals relating to Australian companies and the food-for-oil program in Iraq are two illustrations of the fact that corruption has to exist on both sides.

Other ethical issues that may arise in developing countries have to do with the laws in these countries or sometimes with the lack of laws and regulations. For example, child labor is still common in many parts of the developing world, slavery continues, harmful pesticides are allowed, environmental protection is lax, working conditions are poor, and so on. In some cases, a practice such as child labor, which is seen as unethical in a developed country, is necessary in a particular developing country for families to survive. In other situations such as killing elephants and poaching ivory, the practice may be considered unethical in the developing country, but the country, because it is poor, lacks the resources to police existing regulations.

The New Reality

On September 16, 2006, The Economist had a cover that proclaimed “Surprise! The power of the emerging world.” A special report titled “The New Titans” was headlined by the following: “China, India and other developing countries are set to give the world economy its biggest boost in the whole of history,” and it goes on to ask, “[W]hat will that mean for today’s rich countries?” (p. 3). As this research-paper pointed out at the outset, the developing world includes most of the world’s population. Improvements in these economies, therefore, can have an enormous impact on the global economy. “The New Titans” article indicated that in 2005 the combined output of emerging (developing) economies reached a milestone of more than half of total world GDP (measured at purchasing power parity [PPP]). In addition, their share of world exports had increased to 43% from 20% in 1970, they consumed over half the world’s energy, they accounted for four fifths of the growth in oil demand, and they hold over 70% of the world’s foreign exchange reserves. A comparison on GDP percentage increases over a year earlier shows the emerging economies growing at a higher rate than the developed economies, and the gap widening.

This is all good news for the poorer people of the world, suggesting that the gap between the rich and the poor, identified at the beginning of this research-paper, may now start to move in the opposite direction. As the people of the developing countries become better off and have greater access to the goods and services that are now common in the developed world, what will this mean for management? From a management research perspective, it is likely to mean that there will be more interest in these countries and their management. This research-paper will likely need to be revised in a decade’s time, it may have more literature to draw on, and there may be quite different views on developing countries at that time. Students concerned with management in developing countries should watch their progress with interest. It may be that the weight of China and India is such that these two countries need to be considered separately from the rest of the developing world.

Of particular interest today is the impact that the People’s Republic of China will have on the world economy, as well as particular economies around the world. Cheap Chinese exports have been flooding around the world to the delight of consumers in both the developing and developed world but equally of concern to producers. Producers in developing countries may be particularly disadvantaged because they cannot compete with the artificially low wages maintained by the Chinese communist government. The growth in Chinese manufacturing and industry has been accompanied by a need for raw materials and resources and the People’s Republic of China has moved globally to source this need. The Chinese have been investing around the world, including in Africa, the Caribbean, and Latin America to ensure access to the supplies that it needs for its own manufacturing. This is changing relationships around the world. The Development Gateway Foundation’s Web site (2007), a Web site devoted to development issues, noted that the potential impact of China’s rapid growth on the United States and European Union has been well documented but that less is known about its impact on the developing countries. An OECD working paper (No. 252) by Blazquez-Lidoy, Rodriguez, and Santisto (2006) concluded that Latin America will benefit most from China’s expansion.

At the same time as China is expanding, India is as well, and it was announced in late 2006, that Wal-Mart, the American retailing giant, would open a chain of stores across India. This also changes world relationships. As China and India become more global and as companies like Wal-Mart open in more countries, the following question arises: Will the countries of the world simply become more and more alike, as influences from one country or region spread across the world? The next section of this research-paper addresses the issue of convergence and divergence.

Convergence or Divergence?

The global business environment that is today’s reality means that national economies are more closely linked than in the past. A variety of factors suggests that national cultures may become more similar because of globalization—these can be thought of as forces for convergence. For example,

• increased trade means that people around the world are exposed to products from other countries (many people point to the fact that people around the world wear basically the same jeans and t-shirts);
• increased foreign investment means that companies take their corporate cultures and practices into new locations and also learn from these new locations, taking aspects of culture and practice home (many people identify similarities in subsidiaries from Argentina to Zimbabwe);
• increased travel and communication for business and personal purposes means that people experience and learn about different behaviors and adopt and adapt these to suit their preferences (many people comment on the availability in every big city of restaurants serving foods from every corner of the world);
• increased regional and global trading agreements and organizations have as their mandate the standardization of trade arrangements across countries (many people decry the loss of specialized products because of these agreements);
• the advent of the internet and the consequent globalization of the media means that awareness of events around the world is the norm (many people listen to radio stations ranging from BBC to NPR and Aljezeerra on their computers); and
• shared global concerns such as global warming, which are not defined by national boundaries, require global responses and lead to shared values (solutions found in one location need to be shared by all).

All of these factors suggest that we are moving toward a global culture and greater global integration, and less importance for the nation state. In addition, as developing countries’ economies grow and improve, we can expect that their citizens will want many of the consumer goods currently common in the developed world. At the same time, these countries may want a stronger voice for their nation states, and there are other forces leading to divergence. Listen to the news, and this becomes obvious. The differences also are greatest between developed and developing countries. Consider some of the following:

• Terrorist attacks around the world illustrate the vast differences that some people perceive between “us” and “them.”
• Religious differences in 2006 often pitted Christianity against Islam, Hinduism against Islam, Catholic against Protestant, Shia against Sunni, and so on.
• People are proud of their cultural uniqueness and seek to maintain their cultural values, sometimes trying to legislate these (e.g., the French language “police” responsible for maintaining the purity of French used in France).
• Jeans and t-shirts may be popular around the world, but equally, women wear the traditional middle-eastern veil in London, New York, and Toronto.
• Immigration has led to a mix of peoples around the world, but these immigrants often live in ethnic communities within cities and maintain their national and cultural characteristics within these communities.
• Extensive exposure to foreigners and foreign media can increase awareness of home values, which contrast to these and are seen as especially “good.”

There seems evidence, therefore, that there are still major differences to be found around the world and that cultural differences are likely to persist. This is likely to remain the case for developed/developing differences, simply because of the major economic gap that continues between countries.

This research-paper has given the reader a broad overview of the situation that exists in developing countries, and has contrasted developing and developed countries. The differences between the countries have been used to discuss various aspects of management. The research-paper began by looking at some recent developments in global business activities that show a changing business world from a developing country perspective. The research-paper looked at definitions of development and reviewed how these have changed over time. It then considered population figures and the reality of the developing world, both positive and negative. The known characteristics of the developing world were discussed in terms of management implications, and specific cultural values were explored in terms of management processes and practices. Ethics and corporate social responsibility were discussed in terms of corruption and differing interpretations and expectations about what is ethical. The research-paper concluded with a look at the new reality in developing countries, especially in light of developments in the People’s Republic of China and with a discussion of forces leading to convergence and divergence between developed and developing countries. Throughout, it was stressed that within the group of countries classified as developing, there are vast differences from country to country; therefore, it is simplistic to discuss “management in developing countries”; and nevertheless, these countries share some characteristics and these can provide a basis to think about management issues. Readers are encouraged to explore the characteristics of a wide array of the developing countries to develop a better understanding of specific countries. In conclusion, readers are also reminded of the changing and dynamic nature of the business management environment—nowhere is this more than the case than in the context of the developing countries today.

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ORDER HIGH QUALITY CUSTOM PAPER

Stress Management in University Students Research Paper

This report and the information presented in it is structurally a systematic review. Researchers note a systematic review “uses systematic and reproducible methods to identify, select and critically appraise all relevant research, and to collect and analyze data from the studies that are included in the review” ( Systematic reviews in the health sciences , 2020, para. 1). This systematic review will observe articles on the topic of “of stress management in university students.”

Introduction

Students turn to various stress management tactics such as coping, psychotherapy, exercise, and pet therapy to minimize stress and anxiety patterns, and depression symptoms, which are due to many stress factors in the educational process.

It is possible to note that “at the most basic level, stress is our body’s response to pressures from a situation or life event” ( Stress , 2020, para. 2). Researchers state that “stress has a way of becoming chronic as the worries of everyday living weigh us down” ( What Is Stress Management ? 2018, para. 5). Researchers are exploring the interconnectedness of stress management methods and stress levels of university students to identify the most effective strategy for improving the psychological state. The purpose of this systematic review is to investigate how stress management research techniques have changed in the PICOS framework and tendencies in stress levels and stress factors in the period of the last ten years.

Methodology

Eligibility criteria.

The eligibility criteria of selected studies of the systematic review are the PICOS (Population, Intervention, Control/Comparator, Outcome, and Study Design) framework. It is because “without a well-focused question, it can be very difficult and time-consuming to identify appropriate resources and search for relevant evidence” ( PICO Framework , 2019, para. 1). The PICOS framework allows formulating the research question and selects the competent data sources and highlights information that interests the researcher. Studies should include university students as a population, socio-psychological surveys, and physical activities as interventions.

Pretest and posttest data and time frames as comparators and control should also be represented. Changes in stress, anxiety, and depression levels, found stress factors, and the difference between them serve as the outcome. The eligibility criteria for the systematic review are 2015-2020 and 2005-2010 years frames for studies. Such structures allow comparing research methods in the framework of the PICOS framework and the trends of stress management in university students. The publication status of this report is an academic paper, and the language is English, which is due to the condition of the international language of communication.

Information Sources

The information sources for this systematic review were the four largest databases, which are Google Scholar, Frontiers in Physiology, Taylor & Francis Online, and Z-Library. It is possible to note that “Google Scholar is a web search engine that specifically searches scholarly literature and academic resources” ( What is Google Scholar and how do I use it? 2019, para. 1). According to official information, “Frontiers in Physiology is a leading journal in its field, publishing rigorously peer-reviewed research on the physiology of living systems” ( Scope & mission , 2020, para. 1).

Authors note “Taylor & Francis partners with world-class authors, from leading scientists and researchers to scholars and professionals operating at the top of their fields” ( About Taylor & Francis Group , 2020, para. 1). It is also possible to state that “Z-Library is one of the largest online libraries in the world that contains over 4,960,000 books and 77,100,000 articles” ( Z-Library articles , 2020, para. 1). All the databases described above provide a massive layer of scientific information and use convenient and fast search engines, which the author of this systematic review last used on March 30, 2020.

Electronic search strategy for Google Scholar:

• Enter keywords such as “stress, anxiety, depression, levels, management, university students” in the search bar;
• Click on “from 2016” or “select dates” and enter a specific time interval;
• Click on the title of the found study or the PDF version link on the right.

Electronic search strategy for Frontiers in Physiology:

• Select the “article” category and click on it;
• Click on the title of the found study;
• Download PDF version of the found article.

Electronic search strategy for Taylor & Francis Online:

• Select “Only show Open Access” point;
• Electronic search strategy for Z-Library.

Electronic search strategy for Z-Library:

• Select the “article” category and click on the title of the found study.

Study Selection

The method for selecting studies is PRISMA, which stands for Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. According to official information, “PRISMA is an evidence-based minimum set of items for reporting in systematic reviews and meta-analyses” ( Welcome to the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) website, 2015, para. 1). This methodology includes processes of screening (n = 30), eligibility (n = 30), exclusion from review (n = 15) and inclusion in review (n = 15).

Data Collection Process

Risk of bias in individual studies.

CASP (Critical Appraisal Skills Program) is a risk of bias assessment methodology in this systematic review. According to official information, “these checklists were designed to be used as educational pedagogic tools, as part of a workshop setting” ( CASP Critical Appraisal Skills Programme , 2018, para. 4). It is essential to mention that the CASP Checklist for qualitative researches was selected among all tools to assess examined studies.

Flow Diagram

2015-2020 studies excluded from the review:

• Ahmed, Z. and Julius, S. H. (2015). ‘Academic performance, resilience, depression, anxiety and stress among women college students’;
• Binfet, J. T. et al. (2018). ‘Reducing university students’ stress through a drop-in canine-therapy program’;
• Kaya, C. et al. (2015). ‘Stress and life satisfaction of Turkish college students’;
• Kim, S. H. and Choi, Y. N. (2017). ‘Correlation between stress and smartphone addiction in healthcare-related university students’;
• Kuang-Tsan, C. and Fu-Yuan, H. (2017). ‘Study on the relationship among university students’ life stress, smart mobile phone addiction, and life satisfaction’;
• Pengpid, S. and Peltzer, K. (2018). ‘Vigorous physical activity, perceived stress, sleep and mental health among university students from 23 low-and middle-income countries’;
• Song, Y. and Lindquist, R. (2015). ‘Effects of mindfulness-based stress reduction on depression, anxiety, stress and mindfulness in Korean nursing students’;
• Spadaro, K. C. and Hunker, D. F. (2016). ‘Exploring the effects of an online asynchronous mindfulness meditation intervention with nursing students on stress, mood, and cognition: a descriptive study’;
• Van der Riet, P. et al. (2015). ‘Piloting a stress management and mindfulness program for undergraduate nursing students: student feedback and lessons learned’;
• Zhao F. F. et al. (2015). ‘The study of perceived stress, coping strategy and self‐efficacy of Chinese undergraduate nursing students in clinical practice’.

2005-2010 studies excluded from the review:

• Deniz, M. (2006). ‘The relationships among coping with stress, life satisfaction, decision-making styles and decision self-esteem: an investigation with Turkish university students’;
• Dixon, S. K. and Kurpius, S. E. R. (2008). ‘Depression and college stress among university undergraduates: Do mattering and self-esteem make a difference?’ ;
• Dusselier, L. et al . (2005). ‘Personal, health, academic, and environmental predictors of stress for residence hall students’;
• Mercer, A., Warson, E. and Zhao, J. (2010). ’Visual journaling: An intervention to influence stress, anxiety and affect levels in medical students’;
• Segrin, C. et al . (2007). ‘Social skills, psychological well-being, and the mediating role of perceived stress’.

2015-2020 Study Data Summary

Beiter et al. (2015) examined Franciscan University undergraduate students (n = 374, 18-24 y/o) to verify the presence of stress, anxiety, and depression symptoms rates. The research methodology consists of a 21-question version of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS21), everyday life concern factors rating, and demographic questions (Beiter et al ., 2015, p. 90). The gender distribution of the population is females (63%) and males (37%). Surveys showed normal (62%, 60%, 67%), mild (12%, 15%, 10%), moderate (15%, 7%, 12%), severe (8%, 7%, 6%), or extremely severe (3%, 8%, 5%) presence of stress, anxiety and depression rates. The overall positive correlation among all categories is significant (P <.05). Prevailing stress groups are transfer (P <.01), upperclassmen (P <.05), and living off-campus students (P <.05).

Daltry (2015) explored acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) to improve the anxiety management of university students (n = 6). Some participants (n = 2) chose individual counseling, other Caucasian female undergraduate students (n = 4, 18-20 y/o) participated in group counseling. The research methodology includes the dependent sample t-test. During the nine-session therapy, students completed the Burns Anxiety Inventory, the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire-2, the Distress Tolerance Scale (Daltry, 2015, p. 39). Results show the effectiveness of the therapy and significant difference (p =.005) between anxiety levels before (mean = 54.00, SD = 11.17) and after (mean = 24.00, SD = 14.07) the ACT.

Garett, Liu, and Young, (2017) examine freshmen students’ (n = 197) stress levels and their fluctuations depending on exams during the semester (Oct.-Dec.). The research methodology consists of General Linear Mixed-Model (Garett, Liu, and Young, 2017, p. 1). During the study (10 weeks), students were filling out personal stress reports. Analysis of the data showed that the stress level of first-year students varies during the average period of study (mean = 3.4, SD = 0.99), mid-term (mean = 3.57), and final examinations (mean = 3.95). Women are more susceptible to stress (mean + 0.2), and the relationship between stress indicators and the female gender is significant (p = 0.03). The most effective stress management tactic is exercise (p <.01).

Geng and Midford (2015) investigated the levels of stress among first-year university students (n = 139) undertaking teaching practicums, other years’ university students (n = 143), and factors contributing to stress disorders development. Researchers use the PSS-10 scale and online questionnaire methods (Geng and Midford, 2015, p. 1). First-year students experience (mean = 22.50, SD = 6.14) more severe stress rates than other years students (mean = 20.31, SD = 5.91). A significant difference (p <.01) is present among the stress rates of different years’ college students. The survey showed such basic predictors of stress as unawareness of mentors’ support (62.1%), university work commitment (51.7%), paid work outside university (35.5%), and performance assessment (14.3%).

Jafar, et al . (2016) conducted a study of students (n = 30) of the Islamic Azad University dividing them into experimental (n = 15) and control (n = 15) groups to determine the levels of anxiety. During the quasi-experimental intervention, students took part in Anxiety Inventory testing and then in stress management training (Jafar, et al ., 2016, p. 47). Experimental group showed pretest (mean = 11.40, SD = 77.7), posttest (mean = 7.08, SD = 4.38), follow-up (8.61, SD = 4.5) anxiety levels. Control group showed pre-test (mean = 10.88, SD = 7.61), post-test (mean = 10.04, SD = 5.56), follow-up (10.08, SD = 8.32) anxiety levels. There are pretest-posttest (P < 0.01) and posttest-follow-up (P < 0.01) differences in anxiety rates in both groups.

Salam et al . (2015) examined the degree of stress and the common stress management tactics among medical students (n = 234) of the University Kebangsaan Malaysia. The main methods that the authors used in the study are observational. Students completed a standardized questionnaire related to subjective experiences and stress. The study shows the presence of stress (49%) among students.

The most susceptible to stress were third-year (mean = 6.41, SD = 3.69), female (mean = 7.00, SD = 4.12), and Malay (mean = 7.43, SD = 2.14) groups of students (Salam, A. et al ., 2015, p. 171). The most frequent stress management tactic among third-year female (mean = 60.47, SD = 9.97) and Malay (mean = 59.83, SD = 10.45) groups is task-oriented. The least frequent stress management tactic among third-year female (mean = 42.61, SD = 9.20) and Malay (mean = 59.83, SD = 10.45) groups is emotion-oriented.

Saleh, Camart, and Romo (2017) investigated mental factors predictive of stress among college students (n = 483) in France. The age of the student population is ranked between 18-24 years (mean = 20.23, SD = 1.99). The primary survey method for research is online data collection based on Google Docs questionnaires and regression analyses (Saleh, Camart, and Romo, 2017, p.19). Students noted the presence of anxiety feelings (86.3%), depressive symptoms (79.3%), and psychological distress (72.9%). The main factors influencing the occurrence of stress disorders are the low sense of self-efficacy (62.7%), low self-esteem (57.6%), and little optimism (56.7%).

Samaha and Hawi (2016) studied the perceived stress and smartphone addiction interconnections among university students (n = 249). The population of students is partly male (54.2%) with the age range of 17-26 y/o (mean = 20.96, SD = 1.93). The methodology of the authors’ survey is Pearson correlations. Students completed Addiction Scale – Short Version, the Perceived Stress Scale, and the Satisfaction with Life Scale testing (Samaha, and Hawi, 2016, p. 321).

There are percentages of students with low risk (49.1%) of smartphone addiction and high risk (44.6%) of smartphone addiction. There are percentages of students with low perceived stress levels (53.4%) and high perceived stress levels (46.6%). Results show a non-significant positive correlation (p <.002) between perceived stress and smartphone addiction.

Wood et al . (2018) conducted a pet study of the effects of pet therapy involving dogs on the anxiety levels of university students (n = 131). Age of participants ranged from 18 to 35 years (mean = 19.92, SD = 2.60). The population of participants is composed of male (n = 35, 26.7%) and female (n = 96, mean = 73.3) representatives. Participants were tested before and after pet therapy intervention (15 min). The rates of anxiety before (mean = 43.16, SD = 10.56) and after (mean = 29.94, SD =9.94) dog therapy vary significantly (p < 0.001). Pet therapy involving dogs has a positive effect on reducing anxiety among Saint-Joseph University students.

Younes et al . (2016) examined the correlation and relationships between depressive syndromes, stress, and anxiety rates and Internet addiction among university students (n = 600). The participants from the university were only students of healthcare-related faculties. Researchers used methods such as DASS 21, the Rosenberg Self Esteem Scale (RSES), the Young Internet Addiction Test (YIAT), and the Insomnia Severity Index (Younes et al ., 2016, p. 1). The cross-sectional questionnaire-based survey revealed average indicators of existing (mean = 30, SD = 18.474) and potential (16.8%) prevalence of Internet addiction. Potential Internet addiction is more often seen in men (23.6%) than in women (13.9%), therefore, varies greatly (p = 0.003). Potential internet addiction indicators have high correlation (p < 0.001) with stress disorders.

2015-2020 Studies Risk of Bias Assessment

2005-2010 study data summary.

Abdulghani (2008) explored the correlation between stress levels of King Saud University students (n = 600) and academic indicators such as academic years of education process and grades. The researcher chooses a voluntary questionnaire as research (Abdulghani, 2008, p. 569). Responding participants (n = 494, the mean age = 21.4, the SD age = 1.9) completed the Kessler10 stress inventory. The results show some students (57%) experience stress mild (21.5%), moderate (15.8%), and severe (19.6%) stress levels, others do not (43.1%). The association between stress levels and the first years of study is significant (p < 0.0001). %). The association between stress rates and academic grades is not significant (p = 0.46). The most frequent major stressors are the educational process (60.3%) and the environment (2.8%).

Bayram and Bilgel (2008) investigated the psychological state of university students (n = 1,617) in Turkey regarding anxiety, stress and depressive symptoms rates. There are male (44.4%) and female (55.6%) representatives of the mean ages of 20.7 (SD = 1.7) and 20.3 (S = 1.6) years. The primary research methodology is DASS-42 (Bayram and Bilgel, 2008, p. 667). Interviewed university students experience levels of stress (mean = 14.92, SD = 6.71), anxiety (mean = 9.83, SD = 5.94), and depression (mean = 10.03, SD = 6.88) levels. Women are much more likely to experience stress (p = 0.001), anxiety (p = 0.005). Freshmen also have elevated rates of stress (p = 0.044), anxiety (p = 0.000), and depressive syndromes (p = 0.003).

Dahlin, Joneborg, and Runeson (2005) examined the presence of depression and related stressors in Swedish students (n = 342) of the Karolinska Institute Medical University. During the study, responders (90.4%) completed the Higher Education Stress Inventory (HESI), the Major Depression Inventory (MDI), and Meehan’s suicidal ideation questions (Dahlin, Joneborg, and Runeson, 2005, p. 594). Students report depressive symptoms (12.9%) and suicide attempts (2.7%). Depressive symptoms prevail in the female group (16.1%) more than in the male (8.1%). The study showed that the most common stress factor is a lack of feedback.

Oman et al . (2008) studied the effect of moderated physical activity on stress levels among randomly selected university students. The research methodology consists of the pretest, moderate physical activity intervention (8 weeks), and posttest. Randomly selected groups of students took part in Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (n = 15), Easwaran’s Eight-Point Program (n = 14), and Wait-List Control (n = 15) (Oman et al ., 2008, p. 569). Data analysis showed perceived stress levels (mean = 18.11, SD = 6.19) (mean = 18.11 – 2.41) decreased after moderation physical activity intervention with a significant difference (p =.099).

Shah et al . (2010) conducted a study (3 months) examined perceived stress levels of Pakistani university students (n = 200) of Medicine in CMH Lahore Medical College. Research methods are a cross-sectional, questionnaire-based survey (PSS-14) and 33-item questionnaire. Results show respondents (n = 161, 80.5%) of both male (n = 53, 32.92%) and female (n = 108, 67.08%) groups of 17 – 25 years (mean = 20.35, SD = 1.09) experience stress (mean = 30.84, SD = 7.01). The female group (mean = 31.94, SD = 6.28) of respondents is more susceptible to stress than the male group (mean = 28.60, SD = 7.92). A significant difference between the two indicators is present (p < 0.05). The level of stress insignificantly negatively correlates with academic performance (p > 0.05).

2005-2010 Studies Risk of Bias

Conclusions and summary of evidence.

This systematic review examines ten scholarly articles over the past five scholarly years, five articles over the 2005-2010 years, and compares them from the perspectives of PICOS and stress management. An overview of all studies shows that the population in terms of social status, age, and gender groups has not changed over ten years. A comparison of the studies of Abdulghani, Bayram and Bilge, and Younes et al ., Samaha, and Hawi shows an increase in intervention methods. The types of comparators and controls have also not changed, which is noticeable in the examples of Wood et al . and Oman et al . studies. A study of the findings of all studies shows that researchers use general principles for interpreting outcomes.

A comparison of the studies of Salam et al. and Shah et al . speak of a continuing trend of increased stress among women over the past ten years. In addition to the significant primary stressors associated with educational processes, studies by Younes et al ., and Samaha and Hawi show the emergence of new factors, namely smartphones and the Internet. The works of Geng and Midford and Abdulghani mark the continued trend of a high level of stress among first-year students. Future research should be aimed at studying the reform of stress management methods to develop techniques for female students and first-year students.

Limitations

The fundamental limitations of a systematic review are the themes of stress management and university students. Another principal limitation of the systematic review is the periods of 2015-2020 and 2005-2010 years. The publication format of the reviewed works, namely, scientific articles also a limitation. Electronic databases as sources of information also represent the confines of the report. PICOS framework, PRISMA process, CASP risk of the bias assessment tool is also necessary to research limitations.

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Bibliography

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