essay on importance of religious tolerance in national integration

Importance of Religious Tolerance Essay

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Introduction

Hindu-buddhism, chinese religions, abraham monotheism.

Religious tolerance is imperative in modern societies because it allows people with separate faiths, beliefs or values to coexist with one another. Acknowledgment of the validity of other people’s religions requires placing these different religions in their traditional contexts in order to understand them.

Furthermore, understanding the history of other cultures allows one to appreciate how similar experiences led to different conceptual systems. One must realize that people created their belief systems in order to make sense of their worlds or the chaos around them. Therefore, every religion is reflective of the culture and history of its followers.

In order to become religiously tolerant, one must familiarize oneself with the history of this religion. The Hindu pattern is again evidence of the fact that all religions are depictions of the experiences of the people involved and the conceptual systems that they deduced from them.

The Hindu religion has more than one holy text, more than one religious authority, several deities, theological systems and understandings of morality. Adherents of this religion are highly tolerant because of its henotheistic nature. Nonetheless, most followers still believe in one Supreme Being who manifests his powers through different divinities.

Central aspects of Hinduism include Vishnu (the preserver), Brahma (the creator) and Shiva (the destroyer). Belief in the cycle of life i.e. the Samsara is central to the teaching of these adherents. However, it is possible for one to achieve enlightenment and thus escape this cycle. Many assert that one’s present life stems from the consequences of one’s past life.

This religion has four major doctrines that include dharma (righteousness in religion), artha (economic success) and kama (sense gratification) and nivritti (renunciation of the world). The latter is achieved through renunciation of the world in a process called moksha. Mankind’s supreme goal is to reach moksha.

Therefore, moksha is a solution of samsara. It is derived from the Buddhist faith. Doctrines from the latter religion were crucial in resolving complications in this religion. All these concepts can be traced back to the history of the Hindu religion. By dissecting the experiences of the Hindu people, one can understand why they came to follow their present practices and this should foster religious tolerance among non Hindus (Esposito et al., 2002).

The Hindu religion began as far back as 4000 BCE in the Indus Valley. It began with the Indus valley culture, which was held by native Indians. Thereafter, some Aryan tribes from Central Asia and Europe entered India and introduced Vedism. Since their immigration was done slowly or in waves (according to recent scholarly discoveries), most natives easily took up the Aryan religious with ease. This explains how the latter religion started amalgamating different belief systems. The Vedic belief system underwent various changes between 900 and 500 BCE. At first, the religion began with an emphasis on sacrificial rites. Emphasis was on perfecting people’s performance of the rites. However with time, some intellectuals decided that focusing too much on the rites instead of the wisdom associated with them was wrong.

They were called the Upanishads, and they introduced the focus on total dissociation from society in order to reach ultimate spirituality. They challenged the original structures of the Vedic religion because the latter was highly organized around sacrifices and priestly rituals. The priests who performed these rites were called Brahmans. They represented the capacity of the human to possess divine power.

When the Upanishads introduced their concept of total detachment from society or moksha, the Brahmans felt that this would threaten the organization of their society. As a result, they proposed a middle way in which one could strive towards moksha but still maintain the social hierarchies in society. It should be noted that the priestly class of the Brahmans arose earlier on in the Vedic faith because of some fire rituals that the Vedic believers carried out.

These rituals yielded successful results and led to the belief that their priests had a superior status. The Upanishads wanted to internalize the ritualistic process, hence their shift to the individual. This belief in developing the spiritual self led to the acceptance of moksha as a solution towards the problem of cyclical life (Fallows, 1998).

Thus far, one can appreciate why Hinduism has a hierarchical system that places the priestly class above all others. This was a way of preserving order in their society. One can also appreciate why the religion appears to be polytheistic. The god of fire and other gods were manifestations of a supreme being. One can also comprehend why these adherents believe in moksha; it provides them with a mechanism for solving the problems of this life.

It also gives them something to aspire to or work towards. This small history, therefore, heightens religious tolerance because it places these belief systems in context and establishes the experiences that led to their development. Some of them were social (entry of the Aryans into the Hindu culture), others were intellectual (internalizing rituals) while others were economic (preservation of social order for material prosperity).

In China, some people practice Taoism, others Confucianism and others believe in Buddhism. Certain followers combine elements of all three faiths. The experiences of members of these cultures also provide important insights concerning the influence of people’s experiences in the development of their belief system. By placing those occurrences in context, one can then gain religious tolerance of adherents of these faiths even though one does not ascribe to any of them.

In Confucianism, most adherents believe that social harmony is the most important goal (Hopfe & Woodward, 2004). This school of thought was started by Confucius. He lived at a time when his society was struggling with the reinforcement of laws. Confucius thought about the ineffectiveness of coercive laws.

People simply followed them without really understanding them. This meant that the method was reactive rather than proactive. The intellectual proposed that if people internalized behaviors before acting, then they would act in an appropriate manner. In this regard, they would abide by their mutual obligations, and thus prevent the occurrence of disorder in that society.

Confucius, therefore, created the concept of mutual relationships and the need to respect one another. From this small history, one can understand why loyalty, etiquette and humanness are so important in the Confucian faith today. It was an attempt at creating social harmony by ensuring that everyone understood his place. Through education and personal effort, it was possible for people to become better.

In the Taoist school of thought, it is held that the ideal way of life is to accept things as they are. When one resists nature, then one actually causes things to get worse. It is in line with this thinking that Taoists believe in the Ying and Yang.

One represents the strong and hard force and the other represents the soft and feminine force. Therefore, by finding a balance between these forces in the universe, then calmness will prevail. The Taoist faith came after the Confucian school of thought. Confucianism taught about personal involvement and striving to become better.

However, subsequent intellectuals realized that they needed a new way of thinking that promoted greater peace and harmony. They lived at a time when there was too much active striving as seen in the warring era. Therefore, it was imperative to introduce the concept of yielding to nature. In this school of thought, it was argued that there was a force of life called Tao that flows everywhere.

One’s major goal was to be in harmony with the Tao. Through the use compassion, moderation and humiliation, one can develop important virtues. Most problems arise when one tries to fight or interfere with the Tao by acting in opposition to nature. One must strive to find answers within through meditation. The story of the emergence of Taoism demonstrates that experiences are crucial to the formation of one’s belief systems.

It was a response to the challenges of Confucianism and the social upheavals it had created. Too much active strive led to war in that community; this prompted an alternative way of thinking. Once again, one can become tolerant to this religion by realizing that it was a natural creation of the political and social problems of that time. Taoism complemented Confucianism in this society. In fact, many individuals abide by the principles of both these faiths.

They epitomize religious tolerance because they understand that belief systems carry a certain purpose in one’s society or one’s history. The same reasoning allows one to understand why Buddhism plays an important role in the Chinese society as well as many others in Asia. It is philosophical in nature and has generated minimal conflict with other faiths hence its acceptance (Keown, 1996).

Judaism, Islam, and Christianity are the three main religions that have come to be associated with Abraham monotheism. A large part of Christian scriptures have been adopted from the Jewish faith. Similarly, many parts of the Islamic faith have stories or portions from the Jewish scriptures. In order to enhance religious tolerance, it is imperative to look at the history of the formation of these faiths in order to understand why their adherents hold the beliefs that they do.

Judaism is a religion in which people believe that they have a special relationship with God. This stems from the fact that they are a chosen people, having descended from Abraham. God gave them a gift of laws called the Torah to assist in maintaining their relationship with him and with one another.

The Jews have been misunderstood by many as a ritualistic and legalistic religion as seen through their scriptures, which are called Torah (interpreted as laws). In order to negate these misunderstandings, one must understand why the Jews called their scriptures the Torah.

The Jews think of themselves as God’s special people. It is believed that in order to promote harmony with God, they needed some guidance. Also, God needed to give them a commentary on how they could act towards one another; this was the reason why he gave them the guidance of the Torah.

Therefore, one can become tolerant of this religion by understanding the origin of their ritualistic practices. Judaism is also a religion that is highly diverse. The diversity stems from some cultural and theological experiences of members of this religion. Some individuals resettled along the Mediterranean or other parts of Europe and thus created their own version of the religion.

Conversely, some individuals understood the rituals and religious practices differently. These theological differences led to the birth of reconstructionists, reform Jews, Liberal Jews, Orthodox and Conservative Jews. Therefore, a cultural dissection of the Jewish religious system allows one to understand it. In this regard, one can accept adherents of the faith based on the premise that their history and their values led them to that place.

Christianity is the most predominant faith in the world today. In the US, most citizens associate themselves with some form of Christianity. It is still necessary to understand the development of Christianity in order to foster tolerance among the various sects if one happens to be a Christian or to build tolerance for non Christians.

The Christian faith began when Jesus of Nazareth was born in Jerusalem; a Jewish community. He was regarded as the incarnation of God as he was his son. This was seen through the fulfillment of prophecy as well as his life on earth – he performed miracles and did other divine things.

After he died and resurrected, the first Christian church officially began. Therefore, for non Christians, it is possible to understand why Christians focus on Jesus; they believe that he was God living amongst men. Furthermore, Christianity is monotheistic because having such a supreme being is the only consistent way to understand what their Holy Scriptures say about nature and the universe.

Religious tolerance can be effectively promoted when one understands the experiences and the history of the people who abide by them. Hindu-Buddhism, Chinese religions and Abraham Monotheism all emanated from a series of events or encounters that shaped those faith systems.

Some issues were political such as the warring states in China and Taoism; others were social such as the need to stick to certain social structures as in Hinduism. In essence different experiences led to different conceptual frameworks hence religions. It is this statement that makes religious tolerance possible.

Esposito, J. Fasching, D. and Lewis, T. (2002). World Religions Today . Oxford: OUP

Fallows, W. (1998). Religions East and West . Fort Worth: Harcourt Brace Publishers

Hopfe, M. & Woodward, R. (2004). Religions of the World . London: Pearson-Prentice hall

Keown, D. (1996). Buddhism: a very short introduction . Oxford: Oxford University press

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Importance of National Integration for Students and Children

500+ words essay on importance of national integration.

National Integration is the bond and togetherness between people regardless of their caste, creed, religion or gender . It is the feeling of oneness, brotherhood and social unity under communities and society in a country. National Integration helps to keep the country unified and strong from within despite the diversities. So, the importance of national integration can be from the fact that the nation which remains integrated. It will always progress on the track of development and prosperity.

What is the Importance of National Integration?

National integration plays a dynamic role in making the country as one. This happens only by uniting every section of society. It provides an equal opportunity for each citizen. It also offers an equal platform in terms of social, cultural and economic development .

National integration also helps to unite the minorities as well as gives them the freedom to live their life in their way without any interference. Thus National integration is also essential for the country’s development. Because the country with national unity will always flourish and develop.

Aims of National Integration

National integration principally aims at providing a better environment for the people of a country. Thus they can develop themselves in all the aspects. It also aids to bind multi-racial and multilingual country like India, which has people with diverse culture and tradition. It also multiplies the union of brotherhood amongst communities, societies and the people.

National integration also helps in keeping the stability of a country and adds up to its whole development. It supports to nurture communal harmony and fights casteism, regionalism, and linguism, etc. National Integration improves the feeling of loyalty and fraternity towards the nation. It unites the people in case of any national emergency.

Get the huge list of more than 500 Essay Topics and Ideas

How to Promote National Integration?

As national integration demonstrates a crucial part in the development of a country, it becomes important to develop the feeling of national integrity among its citizens. Therefore, focus on all the sections of society and making them financially dependent will promote national integration.

This will help to promote economic integrity. This is one of the most important factors in promoting national integration. Tolerance and respect for other caste or religion also support to promote national integrity. Education, social and cultural unity, equality among people also helps to teach the feeling of national integration.

Advantages of National Integration

National integration plays a very important role in the political, economic, cultural and social dimensions of a country. It helps the country in the following ways:

• Promotes Social Harmony

National integration makes the people of a country be present in harmony. This works only by strengthening the social bond between them. It indorses brotherhood, peace, and tolerance among them.

• Unites the Nation

National integration aids to unite people of different race, caste, creed or thoughts and makes the country as a single entity. it strengthens the country and makes it powerful on the international platform.

• Increases Economic Growth

It is a well-known fact that the country has less internal matters and problems. They will always prosper and develop. The country which is united will always have fewer problems as compared to the country which is socially unstable.

• Promotes Loyalty for the Nation

National integration indorses loyalty of the citizen for the country. It aids to make people join hands and stand for the advancement of the country forgetting their petty issues.

Significance of National Integration in Modern Era

National integration plays a more significant role in modern times. Hence it has challenges like communalism, regionalism, linguism, etc. Global terrorism is also one of the major threats to national integration. While few people with radical thoughts convince the population and brainwash them. They provoke them against their motherland.

In the era of technological advancements and the accessibility of social media. It is very easy to get deceived. National integration helps to ignore these situations. It makes people intellectually mature and tolerant.

National integration is very significant for a country because it is seen many times in the history of mankind that the integrity of a nation fell in danger. It had confronted major challenges from within and also became a victim of foreign assaults. Hence national integration plays a significant role in making of a nation. It keeping it alive in history with sustained development.

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Religious Tolerance: A Tool for National Development

2023, Edumania-An International Multidisciplinary Journal

Religious tolerance is a vital tool for National Development. It is an essential element of a peaceful nation, where people of different religions, beliefs, and cultures can coexist peacefully without any discrimination. The concept of religious tolerance has been widely discussed and debated throughout history. The importance of accepting and respecting diverse religious beliefs and practices has become increasingly recognized in recent times. However, this paper adopts explorative method to explore the significant role of religious tolerance in promoting National development. It discusses the importance of religious tolerance, its benefits to the nation, as well as the negative consequences of religious intolerance. This study highlights the various strategies that can be used to promote religious tolerance in the society. The study shows that intolerance affects social, economic and political stability, thereby impeding development. It argues that religious tolerance can promote national integration, unity, and growth as it fosters mutual respect and understanding across diverse religious traditions. Finally, the study outlines measures including education, dialogue, and legal frameworks that can foster tolerance, cooperation and inter-religious harmony in Nigeria with the ethnography gathered from the street of Ojo Local Government area forms the basis of this study.

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• > Essays on Religion and Human Rights
• > Rethinking Religious Tolerance

Book contents

• Essays on Religion and Human Rights
• Copyright page
• Acknowledgments
• Introduction
• Part I In Defense of Rights
• Part II Religion and Rights
• 3 Religion, Human Rights, and the Secular State
• 4 Religion, Human Rights, and Public Reason
• 5 Rethinking Religious Tolerance
• 6 A Bang or a Whimper? Assessing Some Recent Challenges to Special Protection for Religion in the United States*
• 7 Religion and Human Rights
• Part III Religion and the History of Rights
• Part IV Public Policy and the Restraint of Force
• Appendix Ethics and Scholarship

5 - Rethinking Religious Tolerance

A Human Rights Approach

from Part II - Religion and Rights

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 April 2015

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• Rethinking Religious Tolerance
• David Little
• Book: Essays on Religion and Human Rights
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• Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139680516.009

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Practices of tolerance: the significance of common sense in settings of dense coexistence.

1. Introduction

2. on the distinction between consensus and common sense.

“Common sense which the French so suggestively call the ‚good sense’, le bon sens, discloses to us the nature of the world insofar as it is a common world; we owe to it the fact that our strictly private and ‚subjective‘ five senses and their sensory data can adjust themselves to a nonsubjective and ‚objective‘ world which we have in common and share with others.” ( Arendt 1968a, p. 221 )

3. Tolerance between Rejection, Forbearance and Recognition

• The “permission conception”, whereby a more powerful social majority tolerates the deviating values of a minority as long as they do not exceed the limits set by the more powerful group.
• The “coexistence conception”, in which individuals or groups in power-symmetrical constellations practice tolerance as a modus vivendi in the interest of avoiding conflict.
• The “respect conception” of tolerance, in which the tolerant parties respect the equal freedom and the equal rights of the other members of a legally constituted community in the sense of formal equality or of qualitative equality sensitive to the form of life.
• The “esteem conception”, in which certain ideological, cultural and religious differences between the tolerant parties are mutually appreciated as valuable and certain other aspects of the different way of life are rejected. 13
• Liberalist currents prefer the “respect conception”. They may draw primarily on the work of John Rawls, who sees in two fairness principles, namely, the principle of liberty and equality and the principle of difference, an “overarching consensus” as the basis of social integration in the face of pluralism of conflicting doctrines of the good life ( Rawls 1993, p. 144f ). To elevate these intuitive foundations of well-ordered societies to the rank of a public conception of justice and to further stabilise pluralistic societies, Rawls takes the path of the public use of reason. Thus, the principles of justice and the well-considered judgements of individuals shall be balanced. What applies to coexistence and political tolerance in democratic constitutional states according to Rawls does of course not necessarily apply to the same extent to coexistence in social life contexts with inescapable proximity such as nurseries, schools or specific workplaces. However, a clever modus vivendi and a “prudential tolerance” ( Höffe 2000, p. 74 ) that is more modest in terms of its demands for consensus or recognition often appear to be deficient from the perspective of concepts of tolerance which—like Rawls himself or Jürgen Habermas—emphasise that tolerance relates primarily to consensus ( Habermas 2008, pp. 251–70 ).
• Communitarian currents refer primarily to the “coexistence conception” of tolerance. As a prominent protagonist of this current, Michael Walzer has developed the concept of tolerance under the premise of a “politics of difference”, whereby tolerance is a modus vivendi of culturally and religiously diversified groups whose interest is not in overarching coexistence, but in self-preservation ( Walzer 1997 ; see also Walzer 2000, pp. 214–30 ). Walzer thus makes the acceptance of differences the basic category of coexistence. Unlike Charles Taylor, another protagonist of a politics of difference, Walzer turns tolerance from an exception into a rule of social coexistence between groups ( Bubner 2000, pp. 45–59 ). At the interpersonal level, however, the sensorium of the actors involved is not only focused on the perception of differences but also on the perception of similarities and positive aspects of other ways of life in the sense of Forst’s “esteem conception” of tolerance. Walzer’s concept of tolerance faces difficulties in adequately reflecting the multidimensionality of tolerance constellations in the coexistence of people. Without forbearance, living together within heterogeneous groups would not be possible. However, a comprehensive understanding of tolerance includes the aspect of selectively appreciating differences and finding oneself in others.

4. Practices of Tolerance in Dense Contexts of Cultural and Religious Diversity: The Example of Educational Institutions

5. the contribution of religious ethics to practices of tolerance in a conflicted world, 6. conclusions, author contributions, institutional review board statement, informed consent statement, data availability statement, conflicts of interest.

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Heuser, S.; Wolf, A. Practices of Tolerance: The Significance of Common Sense in Settings of Dense Coexistence. Religions 2024 , 15 , 562. https://doi.org/10.3390/rel15050562

Heuser S, Wolf A. Practices of Tolerance: The Significance of Common Sense in Settings of Dense Coexistence. Religions . 2024; 15(5):562. https://doi.org/10.3390/rel15050562

Heuser, Stefan, and Alexandra Wolf. 2024. "Practices of Tolerance: The Significance of Common Sense in Settings of Dense Coexistence" Religions 15, no. 5: 562. https://doi.org/10.3390/rel15050562

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