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Solar Energy Applications in Mining: A Case Study

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• José Pablo Paredes Sánchez 2  

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In these times when sustainability is so crucial, clean energy resources have become increasingly important in the mining sector. Typically, about 30% of operational costs can be attributed to energy in mining activities. A mining company able to successfully embrace an integrated program that uses available renewable energy resources is often more successful. Renewable Energy Integration (REI) involves production, as well as managing the environmental and regulatory conditions. Renewable energy technologies are most attractive to mining projects in remote regions with little or no access to established electric grids. Inadequate energy supply has shifted the dynamic of solar energy development, as firms increasingly turn to renewable energies as one component of a basket of energy options used to maintain stable power at mining operations. The broad objective of the chapter is to foster a deeper understanding of solar technology and its integration in mines that enable them to address energy and sustainability issues more proactively and tactically. This chapter outlines recent developments in solar energy in the mining industry. It also discusses case studies where this framework has been applied and highlights the key emerging themes, such as energy management and environmental considerations, with benefits, weaknesses and future challenges.

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Paredes Sánchez, J.P. (2018). Solar Energy Applications in Mining: A Case Study. In: Awuah-Offei, K. (eds) Energy Efficiency in the Minerals Industry. Green Energy and Technology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-54199-0_15

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Feasibility and potential assessment of solar resources: a case study in north shewa zone, amhara, ethiopia.

1. Introduction

1.1. motivation, 1.2. literature review, 1.3. contributions.

• Identify the locations of solar PV resource potential in the study areas.
• Determine the solar irradiation in kWh/m 2 /day in the study areas.
• Provide information of annual solar potential at different locations.
• Indicate the solar potential of the areas using map locations.
• Assess temperature in the study areas.
• Contribute knowledge implications.
• Determine the suitable solar potential location in urban, semi-urban, and rural areas.
• Mitigate the emission of greenhouse gas.
• Contribute to the world’s sustainable goal for the achievement of zero carbon release by 2050.

2. Materials and Methods

3. study area descriptions, 4. result and discussion, 4.1. assessment of solar potential based on nasa online data, 4.2. solar potential analysis, 5. conclusions, author contributions, data availability statement, conflicts of interest, nomenclature.

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Feleke, S.; Anteneh, D.; Pydi, B.; Satish, R.; El-Shahat, A.; Abdelaziz, A.Y. Feasibility and Potential Assessment of Solar Resources: A Case Study in North Shewa Zone, Amhara, Ethiopia. Energies 2023 , 16 , 2681. https://doi.org/10.3390/en16062681

Feleke S, Anteneh D, Pydi B, Satish R, El-Shahat A, Abdelaziz AY. Feasibility and Potential Assessment of Solar Resources: A Case Study in North Shewa Zone, Amhara, Ethiopia. Energies . 2023; 16(6):2681. https://doi.org/10.3390/en16062681

Feleke, Solomon, Degarege Anteneh, Balamurali Pydi, Raavi Satish, Adel El-Shahat, and Almoataz Y. Abdelaziz. 2023. "Feasibility and Potential Assessment of Solar Resources: A Case Study in North Shewa Zone, Amhara, Ethiopia" Energies 16, no. 6: 2681. https://doi.org/10.3390/en16062681

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A CASE STUDY ON PLANNING OF REWA ULTRA MEGA SOLAR POWER PROJECT

2020, IAEME PUBLICATION

The Objective of this study explains the Study on Planning of Rewa Ultra Mega Solar Power Project. India has improved to 2nd from 3rd position, According to the report published by the "Renewable Energy[1] Country Attractiveness Index." This has been on account of government initiatives and support for developments in the country’s economy. The report suggests that, with the government's aim to develop 175 GW of renewable energy by 2022 and make renewable energy accountable for 40 percent of installed power by 2040, India remains in second place

Related Papers

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

Prasoom Dwivedi

Arpita Mishra

Renewable energy in India The abundance of renewable energy resources across India, allied with declining costs for their exploitation in some cases and clear synergies with the country's development and energy security goals, has created a fertile environment for their expansion. The overall picture is skewed by the continued large-scale use of solid biomass as a traditional cooking fuel. Looking forward, the gradual retreat from this form of consumption actually serves to drag down the share of non-fossil fuels in the overall energy mix, but energy from all other renewable sources grows strongly, particularly in the power sector, where renewables account for half of all the new capacity brought online over the period to 2040, increasing their share of capacity in the power mix from 28% to more than 40% (Figure 3.16). India's renewable energy resources, unlike those of fossil fuels, are spread much more evenly across the country, although there are still some strong regional variations-particularly for hydropower. But, alongside questions of resources, the pace at which renewables develop in India is also subject to different doses of policies and economics, which vary state-by-state as well as technology-by-technology. The economic drivers are becoming stronger as technology costs fall, particularly for wind and solar power, but are not yet strong enough to justify investment without some form of subsidy. The expansion of hydropower relies strongly on concessional long-term financing and a readiness to expedite the necessary approvals. There is no single system of official support for renewables in India, rather an intricate patchwork of different national and state-level initiatives that encompasses feed-in tariffs, purchase obligations, bundling renewable with thermal output, accelerated depreciation schemes and a range of interventions that lower the cost of financing. Solar power India has substantial solar potential, estimated by India's National Institute of Solar Energy at around 750 gigawatts (GW) (based on the assumption that 3% of wasteland in each state can be used for solar power projects, plus an assessment of the potential for rooftop solar).

Sambit Basu

IEEE Xplore 2020 IEEE Ninth Power India International Conference Proceedings

Subrata Mukhopadhyay

India being a developing country has the need of both addition in generation and replacing the old ones commensurate with ever-increasing demand in the domestic, agricultural, commercial, and industrial sectors. With Demand Side Management (DSM) resorted to effectively, however, there exists potential of shaving peak, and consequently to some extent energy in this important infrastructure of economy. Having an installed capacity of about 81 GW from Renewable Energy Sources (RES) out of a total of 360 GW by July 2019 it has an ambitious plan for significant addition of renewables reaching the level of 175 GW (100 GW from solar including 40 GW of rooftop, 60 GW from wind, 10 GW from bio-mass, and 5 from small hydro), and 275 GW respectively by the end of country’s 13th (March 2022) and 14th five-year plan (March 2027). Thus, as estimated, by 2030 it may be in a position to contribute about 48% from renewables only. This is based on detailed studies on load forecasting in different sectors geographically over pan-India in different time-frame followed by estimation of potential from RES. The latter consist of development from solar, wind, biomass, waste, etc. both off-grid and on-grid. Finally planning has been carried out simulating likely scenario at different point of time with system having sizeable penetration of renewables in the overall requirement of generation to meet the electricity demand. Technological developments, standardization, and regulatory measures have paved the way for large-scale integration of renewables to the Extra High Voltage (EHV) grid by pooling the surplus from one region for haulage to other regions for distribution of electricity. In the process gradually conventional fossil-fuel based generating plants are being phased out, though it continues with still addition of the backlog in the system. However, in the process Plant Load Factor (PLF) of such type of generation is coming down enabling lessening pollution too. With economy of scale and more accuracy achieved in predicting intermittent generation from renewables, it has already been possible to achieve much reduction in per unit charges of electricity from RES, notably from both, solar and wind. In the paper based on Long-Term Load Forecasting, results of studies to find out optimal mix of existing conventional fossil-fuel based generation integrated with renewables from various sources have been depicted based on computation. While carrying out studies specifically for the two periods ending on March 2022 and March 2027, development envisaged in respect of renewables has been taken into account, and so the reduction in demand due to DSM. Corresponding peak demands projected to be met appear to be about 226 GW and 299 GW with annual energy requirement to the tune of 1,566 and 2,047 Billion Units (BU) of electricity. Reduction in peak demand of 9 GW and 12 GW and energy requirement of 206 and 273 BU too is expected on account of DSM. As per studies projected renewables would be accounting for 175 GW out of a total of 479 GW by March 2022, while 275 GW out of 619 GW by March 2027. Consequently, in terms of installed capacity overall percentage of non-fossil-fuel based generation would rise to 49.3% and 57.4% respectively. However, considering additional coal-based capacity requirement vis-à-vis under construction as well as retirement of old ones, overall contribution of energy from this segment would remain significant, although with reduced average Plant Load Factor (PLF). Considering the transition period of 10-12 years from now, Long-Term studies have been carried out corresponding to the time-frame 2029-30 to find out the optimal mix of primarily RES and fossil-fuel based Thermal plants. Thereafter for the year 2029-30 corresponding to the various critical days how such planned system meets the peak load as well as fulfil energy requirement has been studied. From the results it is observed that 48% of energy is expected to come from RES with installed capacity touching about 65% of the total installed capacity of 831 GW by 2030, predominantly with Solar. The latter has significant role in meeting the daily load demand vis-à-vis energy out of different types of generation. But in the studies with projection of data, at the time of actual peak of the day, occurring typically in the evening, there is almost no contribution from Solar. So, though installed its presence could not been considered at the time of peak demand. This is indeed a big constraint with further growth in load due to economic development or otherwise and desirability of phasing out fossil-fuel based power plants. Under such circumstances flattening of load curve by the extensive use of Pumped-Storage Hydro (PSH) plants, BESS, etc. are definitely the viable option as alternatives, as considered.

International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology

IJRASET Publication

Today, India has significant potential for generation of power from renewable energy sources. India's search for renewable energy resources that would ensure sustainable development and energy security began in early 70's of the last century. Consequently, use of various renewable energy resources and efficient use of energy were identified as the two thrust areas of the sustainable development. This paper includes, India's Renewable Energy Policies i.e. Renewable Energy Certificate (REC), Electricity Act (2003), National Electricity Policy (2005), Tariff Policy (2006), National Action Plan of Climate Change, and Rural Electrification Policy (2006). Global status of India's renewable energy policies is also discussed. Along with that, the paper sums up with the path opted for India to become global renewable leader.

vishal ovhal

India is second largest populous country; hence its energy demand would be the raised result increased burden on natural resources and started access exploitation of environment good and services. Energy is one of the most important parts of development. In 2012 UNEP organized conference on Green economy in Rio de Janeiro. They defined definition and parameters of green economy. This paper depicted scenario of potential and real installed capacity of renewable energy resource in India. India has large potential of solar energy but real installation capacity is very low. Researcher would like to suggest to policy maker of Indian, if we succeed in develop the solar technology and prepare good strategy and policy for use of renewable energy in household and industry then we can easily achieve green sustainable development without loss of ecosystem services and biodiversity as per the norm of Rio+20

Journal of Renewable and Sustainable Energy

Muhammad Ikram, Ph.D.

During the last decade, energy demand has increased manifold in India. To cope up with the rising energy demand, the Indian government has announced the National Solar Mission to generate 100 GW solar power by 2022. Large-scale solar power developers have been allotted around 60% of the National Solar Mission target. Therefore, it becomes pivotal to find the ground reality of solar power developers. To fulfill this objective, we selected the solar sources of the country and adopted a hybrid research methodology. The solar irradiation data were collected for one year in the four big cities of India, Mumbai, New Delhi, Chennai, and Bangalore during 2019 to evaluate the efficiency of pho-tovoltaics (PVs). MATLAB and RETScreen were employed for data analysis and evaluating the efficiency of photovoltaics. We take this a step further by performing the Life Cycle Assessment analysis to scrutinize the different features of solar energy, including fuel consumption, price, average lifetime, maintenance and operation expenses, land requirements, and greenhouse gas emissions. The results reveal that all these cities have an enormous solar power potential, as they are located in an area where solar irradiations are consistently available all over the year (except for monsoon season). Moreover, solar energy is more durable, cost-saving, and easy to maintain. Furthermore, we identified the significant barriers over the whole solar energy spectrum by conducting semi-structured interviews with industry experts. These barriers are broadly classified into technological, policy, regulatory, financial, transparency, accountability, infrastructural, and trade policy categories. Finally, essential policy recommendations have been suggested for all stakeholders in order to fulfill the country's energy demand on its way to a future of sustainable development. Published under license by AIP Publishing. https://doi.

IAEME Publication

India is densely populated and has high solar insolation, an ideal combination for using solar power in India. India is already a leader in wind power generation. India is now one of the top five solar energy developments worldwide as per Ernst & Young’s renewable energy attractiveness index. As per report by WATO-India, 2012, the Indian Renewable Energy business market is experiencing a growth rate of 15 %/yr and the opportunities for private investments are estimated to be of about USD 34 billion. Solar is becoming financially viable for commercial and industrial sectors ,which is leading the power deficient southern states of the country such as Tamil Nadu and Kerala suffering from rising costs of conventional power to gradually shift towards solar energy so as to have long-term solutions for their power needs. Thus, these developments give indication for a good future for solar development. The initiation of Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission (JNNSM) is one of the eight missions of India that makes clear the nation’s vision for solar technology. This 19 billion USD plan was launched on the 11th January, 2010 by the Prime Minister of India. The future energy mix is expected to have a reduced contribution of indigenous coal as an energy source due to higher costs, logistic constraints, poor quality and dependence on imported coal to run thermal power plants. The country thus faces possibility of severe energy supply constraints and is in need of alternative energy sources. An endeavored is made through this contributing paper whether we could foresee better future energy mix of India.

ANANDAN ANANDAN , sankaravelu ramaswamy

ravi jadoun

Conventional energy counted as primary energy resource in world due to low input cost compare to renewable energy, but side by side conventional energy effect to environment by extraction of hazardous gases. India is facing 9-13% energy shortage in different segment especially peak & off-peak load hours. In India, renewable energy infrastructure progress is very low compare to other developing Asian countries. According to geographical condition of India huge untapped solar energy potential are available. MNRE initiative JawaharLal Nehru national solar mission is dream project to boost renewable energy especially solar energy contribution in India. In this research paper, main focus is total growth in Renewable energy since independence. Growth accounted in yearly plan wise (yearly and 5 yearly).

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