logic and critical thinking freshman course chapter 1 afaan oromoo

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LOGIC AND CRITICAL THINKING QUESTIONS AND THEIR ANSWERS FOR ETHIOPIAN UNIVERSITY FRESHMAN STUDENTS.

logic and critical thinking questions and their answers compiled from last year exams encompassing every part of the course for ethiopian university freshman students .

logic and critical thinking freshman course chapter 1 afaan oromoo

DO YOURSELF BEFORE WE ANSWER AND BE BENRFITTED FROM IT!!!

1. Which of the following is correct regarding a sound deductive argument?

A. Valid deductive argument plus all true premises

B. Strong inductive argument plus all true premises

C. It is not necessary that the content of the premises be true.

2. One of the following is a type of syllogism that uses conditional sentences for one or both of its premises

A. Hypothetical syllogism

B. Causal inference

C. Categorical syllogism

D. Prediction

3. Ethiopia is the greatest country in the world because my father told me so. The form of argumentation that this argument used is

A. An argument based on sign

B. Argument from authority

C. Argument from definition

4. My son Tesfaye is the same age as your son Abraham and they both entered school at the same time. Tesfaye is now in grade eight. Therefore probably your son Abraham is also in grade eight. The form of argumentation that this argument used is

A. Causal inference

B. Disjunctive argument

C. Argument based on definition

D. Argument based on analogy

5. "Short" means a person who is less than 1.5 meters

A. Stipulative definition

B. Lexical definition

C. Précising definition

D. Persuasive definition

6. A stipulative definition is not explained by one of the following statement

A. It cannot be evaluated as true or false

B. Formed by coining a new word

C. Useful to report a meaning a word already has in a language

D. Serve to provide a new meaning to an old word

7. "Dragon, Big Dragon, Big brown Dragon, Big brown scary Dragon" This arrangements of terms is

A. Increasing intention

B. Empty extension

C. Decreasing extension

8. Plus means this "+". The technique used in this definition is

A. Subclass

B. Enumerative

C. Demonstrative

D. Etymology

9. Which one of the following is ODD about critical thinking?

A. The intellect is equally important like the body in the due process of critical thinking

B. Being intelligent is sufficient to be critical thinker

C. It is acquired by nature

D. None of the above

10. Robert Ennis defined critical thinking as

A. A journey to arrive at the most useful destination while evaluating claims for scientific truth

B. A reasonable and reflective thinking focusing on desciding what to believe or to do.

C. An attitude of being despised to consider in a thoughtful way

D. An academic competency

11. Which one of the following statement is correct?

A. Man is rational being, thus he/she is critical thinker

B. Critical thinking is thinking by degrading a society’s norm, values, laws and tradition

C. Critical thinking is less helpful to be successful in academic arena

D. It is unsound to assume that everyone can be equally be critical thinker

12. One of the following is not among the characteristics of critical thinkers

A. Inquisitive

B. Companionate

C. Out feeling

D. Disposition

13. Which one is ODD about fallacious passage?

A. The statement that constitute fallacious passage have "false" truth value necessarily

B. All bad arguments are fallacious, necessarily

C. No other than inductive and deductive can commit fallacy of any form

D. Some cogent arguments commit fallacy

14. Why majority of Americans choose V8 car? No car is comparable withV8 cars. This argument committed which one of the following fallacy?

A. Appeal to pity

B. Appeal to people

C. Appeal to force

15. A fallacy based on the ideas that if many people agree on the same point, it must be true is

B. Snobbery

C. Bandwagon

16. If my brother likes to eats a lot of pizza and cream biscuit and he is healthy, I can say that pizza and cream biscuit are healthy and do not really make a person fat. A fallacy of this passage is

A. False cause

B. Slippery slope

C. Hasty generalization

D. Weak analogy

17. All invalid argument commits formal fallacy

18. Some fallacious passages are inferential

19. Fallacious argument contain one or more factual errors in their form

20. Fallacious reasoning has a necessary deceiving character

21. Critical thinking helps us to investigate data, belief or facts accurately and impartially.

22. Of course you want to drink Bedelle Beer. Why because almost everyone in Ethiopia is drinking it. Such argument commits fallacy of

A. Snobbery

23. Yesterday Dr Tadese told me to stop smoking. But Dr Tadese himself was smoking when he said this. Thus Dr Tadeses' argument is wrong. The argument commits of

A. Ad Hominem circumstantial

B. Tuquoque

C. False cause

24. Stealing is illegal because it is no legal to steal other people's property

A. Begging the question

B. Complex question

C. False dichotomy

D. Suppressed evidence

25. Not everybody can buy a new Abay car. This car is only for special people. This advertisement commits the fallacy of

26. Whenever Saladin said scores for Ethiopia national team, a famous American film actor will immediately die. Therefore in order to stop the death of American film actors, Saladin said should be prevented from scoring goals.

A. Non causa pro causa

B. Post hoc ergo propter hoc

C. Slippery slope

27. It is absurd that he expects me to heed his advice about diet and exercise when he weighs at least 200 pounds and sits behind a desk everyday

B. Appeal to unqualified authority

C. Appeal to people

D. Tuquoque

28. One of the following fallacies occurs because the link between premises and conclusion is not strong enough

A. Fallacies of relevance

B. Fallacies of presumption

C. Fallacies of weak induction

D. Syllogism

29. I have been cheated by dishonest boss of my severance package and the five weeks of pay. I have tried to find another job, but the infection in my leg kept me bed-ridden. So you have to lend me 200$. I promise to pay you back.

30. Everyone says that a logic course is easier than a Math course. So that must be true.

A. Appeal to force

B. Hasty generalization

D. Appeal to people

31. Which one of the following is fallacy of presumption?

A. Red herring

B. False cause

C. Equivocation

D. Division

E. Complex question

32. Which one of the following is fallacy of weak induction?

A. Complex question

B. Division

C. Red herring

D. False cause

E. Equivocation

33 A barrier to critical thinking that uses Hasty generalization fallacious tactics is

A. Relativism

B. Accident

C. Egocentrism

D. Wishful thinking

34. Which types of fallacy commit in the following dialogue?

Dawit: I always wondered why God does not destroy Satan. He destroyed every living being on the earth (besides those on the ark) for much less of the crime.

Tomas: Jesus loves you!

B. Missing the point

C. Strawman

35. The Best way to deal with group centered thinking is

A. Begging the reluctant to the views of others

B. Disregarding societal values and authority at all

C. Develop habits of independent thinking

D. Accepting the views of one's preferred group

E. C and D are answers

36. Which one of the following is fallacy of grammatical analogy?

C. Division

D. Equivocation

E. Complex question

37. The Gahanna football team is very good. Therefore each player in the team is very good. This argument commits the fallacy of

A. Amphiboly

38 Which one of the following is fallacy of relevance?

A. False cause

B. Equivocation

D. Red herring

39. Either you give me money I will be forced to rob a bank. This argument commits the fallacy of

B. Appeal to ignorance

C. Snobbery

40. An employee says to her boss 'I deserve a two month vacation with pay. If you don't agree to give it to me I am going to tell to your wife about that time you had sex with me. This argument commits the fallacy of

41. Which one of the following is fallacy of ambiguity?

A. Red herring

D. Complex question

E. False cause

42. Civil service employees cannot currently live on the minimum wage. Therefore the minimum wage should be abolished. This argument commits the fallacy of

A. Strawman

C. Tuquoque

D .False cause

43. Suppose that an argument is unsound. It follows that

A. This argument must have one false premise

B. This argument must be invalid

C. It is invalid and has at least one false premise

D. All of the above

44. Identify the valid argument

A. If there is no gas in the car, and then the car will not run. There is gas in the car. Therefore the car will run.

B. Two third of Africans are men. Peter is an African. Therefore Peter is men.

C. If You are married, then you will have a children . You have children. Hence you are married.