phd in islamic law

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Alwaleed bin Talal Seminar in Islamic Studies 

Bringing world-class experts on topics ranging from islamic law and theology to contemporary politics and islam in america and west africa to harvard.

Climate Change and Muslim Societies

A hybrid series exploring the impacts of a changing climate on muslim societies with scholars and practitioners from a range of fields. .

History of Islamic Studies at Harvard

An interactive timeline.

Undergraduate and Doctoral Thesis Prizes

Congratulations to farah afify and dr. janan, delgado, winners of the 2022 alwaleed bin talal thesis prizes.

Research Methods in Islamic Studies

A workshop series designed to support the research of harvard students, faculty and visiting fellows.

The Alwaleed Islamic Studies Program at Harvard University is dedicated to furthering the scholarly study of Islam and the Muslim world on an interdisciplinary, global basis.

About the Islamic Studies Program

Remembering Professor Roy Mottahedeh (1940-2024)

Eid Mubarak!

2024 Alwaleed Bin Talal Undergraduate Thesis Prize Announcement

Past Events

Imagine me and you: a musical encounter with the islamic world, location: .

This event requires registration; see further details below.

Join us in the Calderwood Courtyard for an evening of music inspired by the art and culture of the Ottoman, Safavid and Mughal empires (1450–1750). Performances will be led by musicians from Harvard University and the New England Conservatory.

This concert is held in conjunction with the exhibition  Imagine Me and You: Dutch and Flemish...

"The Textbook Tradition and Higher Research: Kātibī's Shamsiyyah on Disputed Points in Logic" by Dr. Tony Street

Najm al-Din al-Katibi (d. 1276) wrote a logic text for intermediate students, The Epistle on Logical Rules for Shams al-Din. It became wildly successful, read by most students in the course of their madrasah education. What made it such a bestseller? Some of Katibi's readers went on to deal with immeasurably more difficult texts like Afdal al-Din al-Khunaji's Disclosure of Secrets from the Obscurities...

"Sultan Suleiman as King Solomon and Zahir al-Umar as Ahasuerus: The Ottoman Arab Culture of Palestinian Jews, 1517-1799" by Orit Bashkin

The Center for Jewish Studies and Alwaleed Islamic Studies Program are proud to present the inaugural lecture in the Series on Jewish-Muslim Interrelations: 

Sultan Suleiman as King Solomon and Zahir al-Umar as Ahasuerus: The Ottoman Arab Culture of Palestinian Jews, 1517-1799

Orit bashkin , mabel greene myers professor of modern middle eastern history, university of chicago, aalims-harvard conference on the political economy of the muslim world, promoting scholarship.

Alwaleed Bin Talal Seminar in Islamic Studies

Bringing experts from an array of fields within Islamic studies to Harvard.

Faculty Research Grants

Supporting the cutting-edge research of Harvard’s early-career faculty in Islamic studies

Alwaleed Bin Talal Thesis Prizes

Recognizing undergraduate and doctoral students who make original contributions to current scholarly discourse on Islam and Muslim societies, past and present.

Research Methods Workshop

A workshop series that allows Harvard students, faculty and visiting fellows to develop skills to enhance their Islamic studies research.  

Islamic Legal Studies

at Harvard Law School

A Focus on Islamic Law

Faculty profiles.

Harvard Law School has a number of faculty members with academic pursuits and scholarship in the field of Islamic Law.

Noah Feldman specializes in constitutional studies, with particular emphasis on the relationship between law and religion, constitutional design, and the history of legal theory. Felix Frankfurter Professor of Law at Harvard Law School, he is also a Senior Fellow of the Society of Fellows at Harvard and Director of the Julis-Rabinowitz Program on Jewish and Israeli Law . In 2003 he served as senior constitutional advisor to the Coalition Provisional Authority in Iraq, and subsequently advised members of the Iraqi Governing Council on the drafting of the Transitional Administrative Law or interim constitution.

Naz K. Modirzadeh is the founding Director of the Harvard Law School Program on International Law and Armed Conflict (HLS PILAC) . In May 2016, she was appointed as a Professor of Practice at Harvard Law School. At HLS PILAC, Modirzadeh is responsible for overall direction of the Program, contributing to its cutting-edge research initiatives and briefing senior decision-makers.

Intisar A. Rabb , a leading expert on Islamic Law and legal history, joined the faculty of Harvard Law School on January 1, 2014 as Professor of Law and Faculty Director of the Program in Islamic Law . Rabb most recently was associate professor of Middle Eastern and Islamic Studies and Law at New York University School of Law, where she held a joint appointment at the NYU Middle Eastern and Islamic Studies Department and the NYU School of Law.

Kristen A. Stilt is Professor of Law and also Faculty Director of the Animal Law & Policy Program and Director of the Program on Law and Society in the Muslim World . Prior to coming to HLS, Stilt was Harry R. Horrow Professor in International Law at Northwestern Law School and Professor of History at Northwestern University. Stilt’s research focuses on Islamic law and society in both historical and contemporary contexts.

• PhD Program

During their first year students who directly enter the Ph.D. program meet quarterly with the program chair, who also serves as the graduate adviser. In consultation with the graduate adviser, students choose a primary faculty adviser. By the end of the first year, students choose three fields of study and the faculty with whom they will work in those fields. Students should consult with these faculty and with the student affairs officer as frequently as needed.

Students who intend to proceed from the M.A. degree to the Ph.D. degree in Islamic Studies must first fulfill all requirements for the M.A. degree and receive a pass to continue from two of the three faculty supervisors.

Student progress is reviewed annually. At the beginning of Spring Quarter, all students meet with their faculty supervisors and provide them with a written summary of their progress toward the degree and their goals for the coming year. The faculty supervisors report to the interdepartmental degree committee which meets to review student progress and advises each student in writing by the end of Spring Quarter as to whether their progress is sufficient to warrant continuation in the program.

Major Fields or Sub-disciplines

Anthropology, art history, comparative literature, history, law, philosophy, political science, religion, sociology, urban planning, world arts and cultures, and the literatures of the following languages: Arabic, Indonesian, Iranian languages, Malay, Swahili, Turkic languages, and Urdu.

Foreign Language Requirement

Intermediate-level proficiency in a second language listed under Major Fields or Sub-disciplines and reading proficiency in a European language other than English that is relevant to the student’s research are required prior to advancement to doctoral candidacy. Students are encouraged to achieve required levels of proficiency in their research languages early in their graduate study so that language skills will be of maximum benefit.

Language proficiency may be demonstrated by (1) providing evidence of being a native speaker; (2) passing a program-administered examination; (3) completing three intermediate-level courses with a grade of B or better (these courses are not counted toward the degree); or (4) submitting evidence of completion of equivalent coursework elsewhere.

Exceptions to the language requirements may be approved in special cases. This is done through submission of a petition that must be approved by the student’s primary faculty adviser, the program chair, and the Graduate Division.

Course Requirements

A minimum of 12 courses (48 units) is required for the Ph.D. degree, including a minimum of three graduate seminars. Students who enter directly into the Ph.D. program must take the three core courses in Category one and at least one course from Category two listed under the master’s degree. Such students may petition the Committee to Administer the Islamic Studies Program to waive courses in Category one. All students must take at least four graduate and upper-division courses, including one graduate seminar, in each of three chosen fields (students should see Major Fields or Subdisciplines above). The three fields must be distributed across more than one division, college, or school. One 500-level course in each of three fields may be applied toward Ph.D. course requirements. Students must also take at least one methodology course, which may or may not be in one of the three fields, and as approved by the primary faculty adviser. All courses applied toward the degree must be taken for a letter grade.

Teaching Experience

Not Required.

Written and Oral Qualifying Examinations

Academic Senate regulations require all doctoral students to complete and pass University written and oral qualifying examinations prior to doctoral advancement to candidacy. Also, under Senate regulations the University oral qualifying examination is open only to the student and appointed members of the doctoral committee. In addition to University requirements, some graduate programs have other pre-candidacy examination requirements. What follows in this section is how students are required to fulfill all of these requirements for this doctoral program.

After students complete all coursework and foreign language requirements, the chair of the program, in consultation with the student, nominates a doctoral committee that meets university requirements, for formal appointment by the Graduate Division. The committee must include faculty from the student’s three fields plus a methodology examiner if the latter is not from one of the three fields.

Students must write a dissertation prospectus that contains (1) a full statement of the dissertation topic, including any fieldwork that may be required; (2) a historiographical discussion of the literature related to the topic; (3) a statement of the methods to be employed; and (4) a proposed bibliography to be consulted in the course of research and writing.

The doctoral committee conducts four separate written examinations, one in each of the student’s three fields and one in a methodology appropriate to the student’s dissertation. Following the written examinations, the committee conducts the University Oral Qualifying Examination, which covers the three fields, the methodology, and the basis of the dissertation prospectus. Reexamination in any field is at the discretion of the doctoral committee in consultation with the chair of the program. No single written examination shall exceed four hours.

Advancement to Candidacy

Students are advanced to candidacy and awarded the Candidate in Philosophy (C.Phil.) degree upon successful completion of the written and oral qualifying examinations.

Doctoral Dissertation

Every doctoral degree program requires the completion of an approved dissertation that demonstrates the student’s ability to perform original, independent research and constitutes a distinct contribution to knowledge in the principal field of study.

Final Oral Examination (Defense of Dissertation)

Not required for all students in the program. The decision as to whether a defense is required is made by the doctoral committee.

Time-to-Degree

For full-time students with no deficiencies upon admission or advancement to the Ph.D. program, the normative time from admission to approval of the dissertation prospectus, completion of the written and oral qualifying examinations, and advancement to candidacy, is two years. The normative time from advancement to candidacy to the final oral examination (defense of the dissertation), if required, and filing of the dissertation, is three years. Overall, the normative time from graduate admission to award of the Ph.D. degree is five years. Students who undertake field research abroad may require an additional one to two years to complete the program.

Termination of Graduate Study and Appeal of Termination

University Policy

A student who fails to meet the above requirements may be recommended for termination of graduate study. A graduate student may be disqualified from continuing in the graduate program for a variety of reasons. The most common is failure to maintain the minimum cumulative grade point average (3.00) required by the Academic Senate to remain in good standing (some programs require a higher grade point average). Other examples include failure of examinations, lack of timely progress toward the degree and poor performance in core courses. Probationary students (those with cumulative grade point averages below 3.00) are subject to immediate dismissal upon the recommendation of their department. University guidelines governing termination of graduate students, including the appeal procedure, are outlined in Standards and Procedures for Graduate Study at UCLA.

Special Departmental or Program Policy

A recommendation for termination is made by the chair of the interdepartmental degree program, upon consultation with the student’s primary faculty adviser and the student’s doctoral committee. A student may appeal a recommendation for termination to the interdepartmental degree committee.

UCLA is accredited by the Western Association of Schools and Colleges and by numerous special agencies. Information regarding the University’s accreditation may be obtain from the Office of Academic Planning and Budget, 2107 Murphy Hall.

Banner Credit: Luke Yarbrough. Powell Library, UCLA Campus.

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Islamic legal studies program.

The Islamic Legal Studies Program is a research program that seeks to advance knowledge and understanding of Islamic law. As stated in its statement of objectives (incorporated into the terms of its major grants), the Program is dedicated to achieving excellence in the study of Islamic law through objective and comparative methods. It aims to foster an atmosphere of open inquiry that embraces many perspectives: Muslim and non-Muslim, scholar and practitioner, contemporary and classical, Sunni and Shi'i, law and religion. It seeks to promote appreciation of Islamic law as one of the world's major legal systems.

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Department of Religion

Associated faculty:.

Shaun Marmon

Tehseen Thaver

Muhammad Qasim Zaman

This field is devoted to the study of Islamic beliefs, practices, and institutions within the cultural and historical context of Muslim societies. Applicants should have advanced preparation in Arabic and/or other languages relating to their proposed areas of interest. Students in this field are encouraged to make use of the resources provided by various other departments and programs, including but not limited to the Departments of  Near Eastern Studies ,  History ,  Anthropology ,  Comparative Literature  and  Classics , as well as the Programs in  South Asian  and  Gender & Sexuality  Studies.

Pre-Generals:

Students normally work with all faculty in the subfield. Students are expected to choose an advisor by the end of their first year, though they remain free to change advisors after this. Although students usually take a range of courses, the only required courses prior to the generals are REL 501 and REL 502. All students are expected to acquire proficiency in reading Arabic, to be certified by a member of the subfield. Competency in the relevant research languages (to be determined in consultation with the advisor) is also required. In addition, students are also required to complete a language exam for reading proficiency in French or German.  

The General Examination in the Islam subfield consists of four exams in the following categories: Two of the exams are surveys of pre-modern (7th through 16th centuries) and early modern and modern Islam (17th through the 21st centuries). The third exam will focus on a particular area within the study of Islam (e.g. Qur’an, law, theology, Sufism). This exam should normally cover a field other than the candidate’s presumed area of research (e.g. it might be concerned with Qur’anic Studies if the intended field is law or Sufism). For each of these three exams, candidates will be expected to write two essays, approximately 1500 words each, in response to a set of questions. Each exam is to be completed within a 48-hour period. The fourth exam is a research paper of approximately 5000 words (around 20 pages), that focuses on the candidate’s intended area of dissertation research. It is meant to serve as an exercise in choosing a research topic, offering a justification for it in conversation with the relevant scholarship, and writing an analytical paper, skills that would subsequently help in drafting a successful dissertation proposal.

The first three exams should be completed by around mid-October of the candidate’s third year; the fourth exam should be completed by early December of that semester. A week after submitting the research paper, the candidate will meet with the examiners to discuss the written exams. The fourth exam is normally read by the advisor.

Lists of core readings for the first three exams are available to candidates.

• Early Modern and Modern Islam Core Reading List
• Sufism Core Reading List
• Quranic Studies Core Reading List
• Pre-Modern Islam Core Reading List

These lists will be supplemented as per the candidate’s interests and needs, in consultation with the examiner, and would normally consist of about 65 – 70 books, in addition to some articles.

The adviser must approve the specific topics and readers for the generals. With the adviser’s approval, a student may do one of the first three exams with a member of the faculty outside of the subfield, or outside the Department. Outside examiners will be requested to follow the Islam subfield guidelines.

Students, in consultation with their adviser, should choose their examiners by the end of the fall term of the students’ second year. They should confirm their reading lists with their examiners early in the spring term of that year, and begin reading for their exams during that term.

Dissertation Proposal:

To move forward with scheduling the dissertation proposal defense the student needs the approval of the advisor and the consent of the director of graduate studies.

Final Public Oral:

When the dissertation is submitted, the advisor must normally sign off on it and two readers deemed qualified by the DGS, not necessarily from the department, must submit positive reports for the final public oral to be held.

For additional information about the Islam subfield,  download our brochure .

Academic Fields

Asian Religions

Philosophy and Religion

Religion, Ethics, and Politics

Religion in the Americas

Religions of Mediterranean Antiquity

Graduate Program

Current Students

Prospective Students

Related documents

Related links.

• Department of Near Eastern Studies
• Department of History
• Department of Anthropology
• Department of Classics
• Program in South Asian Studies
• Program in Gender & Sexuality Studies

• Schools & departments

Islamic and Middle Eastern Studies (IMES) PhD

Awards: PhD

Study modes: Full-time, Part-time

Funding opportunities

Programme website: Islamic and Middle Eastern Studies (IMES)

Discovery Day

Join us online on 21st August to learn more about postgraduate study at Edinburgh.

Find out more and register

Research profile

A PhD in Islamic and Middle Eastern Studies (IMES) is an opportunity to expand upon your interests and expertise in a community that really values research, and to make a definite and original contribution to the field.

Why Edinburgh

With over 260 years of history in teaching and research, we are globally recognised as a leading centre for postgraduate study in Islamic and Middle Eastern Studies.

Our research resources and facilities are outstanding, and we have excellent links with a number of centres and networks, including the Alwaleed Centre and the Centre for Medieval & Renaissance Studies.

Research excellence

In the latest Research Excellence Framework (REF 2021), our research was submitted in the categories of:

• Modern Languages

The results reaffirm Edinburgh’s position as one of the UK’s leading research universities - third in the UK based on the quality and breadth of its research in Modern Languages alone, according to Times Higher Education's REF power ratings.

Research areas

We are able to supervise research in a wide range of specialist and interdisciplinary areas.

Our expertise includes:

• Language and literature: classical and modern Arabic literature, classical and modern Persian literature, cultural transmission and translation between Arabic and Persian cultures
• History and historiography: pre-Islamic to modern Iran, early Islamic history, Ottoman history, Safavid history, modern history, in particular Iraq, Iran and Egypt; the Middle Eastern prison, the Middle Eastern press
• Religion: early and classical Islam, Qur’an and Qur’anic exegesis, Hadith, the biography of Muhammad, Sufism, Islam in the Ottoman Empire, contemporary religious authority, Shi'i Islam
• Contemporary Muslim politics: Islamism, sectarianism, social movements, comparative social and political change in the Muslim world
• Arts and cultures of the Middle East, and of Muslim societies: particularly visual arts, cinema
• Gender and sexuality in the Middle East and North Africa, contemporary Arab media
• Shi’i Islam: Shi’i history and contemporary Shi’ism in local and transnationalist perspective
• Islam and Muslims in Europe
• Diasporas and ethnic minorities of the Middle East

Explore our range of research centres, networks and projects in Islamic and Middle Eastern Studies

Browse our directory of over 100 years of PhD theses in Islamic and Middle Eastern Studies

In addition, you have the opportunity to undertake interdisciplinary research in areas such as:

• comparative literature
• film studies
• translation studies

Be inspired by the range of PhD research in the School of Literatures, Languages and Cultures

Read our pre-application guidance on writing a PhD research proposal

Go beyond the books

Beyond the Books is a podcast from the School of Literatures, Languages and Cultures (LLC) that gives you a behind-the-scenes look at research and the people who make it happen.

Listen to a mix of PhD, early career and established researchers talk about their journey to and through academia and about their current and recent research. Guests include Bahar Fayeghi (Series 2 - Episode 5), a PhD student in Islamic and Middle Eastern Studies who is researching the experience of Afghan women refugees in Iran.

Browse Beyond the Books episodes and hear our research community talk about their work

Programme structure

Find out more about compulsory and optional courses.

We link to the latest information available. Please note that this may be for a previous academic year and should be considered indicative.

Training and support

You will work closely with expert supervisors and attend research skills courses as part of the programme.

You will also have the opportunity to attend additional training courses in a range of research and professional skills, including through the:

• School of Literatures, Languages and Cultures (LLC)
• Careers Service
• University’s Institute for Academic Development (IAD)

Our graduates tell us that they value our friendliness, the connections they make here and the in-depth guidance they receive from our staff, who are published experts in their field.

As part of our research community, you will be immersed in a world of knowledge exchange, with lots of opportunities to share ideas and learning.

Edinburgh contains exceptional resources for study and research in Islamic and Middle Eastern Studies.

Based in the Main University Library, the Centre for Research Collections is unique in the UK, bringing together a collection of more than 400,000 rare books, six kilometres of archives and manuscripts, and the University’s collections of art, historical musical instruments and other objects.

Treasures include the Serjeant & Watt Collections of around 6,400 titles on subjects such as:

• Islamic law
• Islamic and medieval philosophy
• the relationship between Islam and Christianity
• the history of the Arab world
• Arabic literature

The University Library also holds some of the world’s most precious Islamic manuscripts, such as Rashid al-Din’s History of the World and al-Biruni’s Chronology of Ancient Nations.

Our buildings are also within walking distance of the National Library of Scotland, which has important collections of manuscripts and early printed books and is one of the UK’s six copyright (legal deposit) libraries.

• Pre-application guidance

Before you formally apply for this PhD, you should look at the pre-application information and guidance on the programme website.

This will help you decide if this programme is right for you, and help us gain a clearer picture of what you hope to achieve.

The guidance will also give you practical advice for writing your research proposal – one of the most important parts of your application.

Entry requirements

These entry requirements are for the 2024/25 academic year and requirements for future academic years may differ. Entry requirements for the 2025/26 academic year will be published on 1 Oct 2024.

A UK 2:1 honours degree and a masters degree, or their international equivalents, in a related subject. We may also consider your application if you have equivalent qualifications or experience; please check with the School of Literatures, Languages and Cultures (LLC) before you apply.

International qualifications

Check whether your international qualifications meet our general entry requirements:

• Entry requirements by country
• English language requirements

Regardless of your nationality or country of residence, you must demonstrate a level of English language competency at a level that will enable you to succeed in your studies.

English language tests

We accept the following English language qualifications at the grades specified:

• IELTS Academic: total 7.0 with at least 6.5 in each component. We do not accept IELTS One Skill Retake to meet our English language requirements.
• TOEFL-iBT (including Home Edition): total 100 with at least 23 in each component. We do not accept TOEFL MyBest Score to meet our English language requirements.
• C1 Advanced ( CAE ) / C2 Proficiency ( CPE ): total 185 with at least 176 in each component.
• Trinity ISE : ISE III with passes in all four components.
• PTE Academic: total 70 with at least 62 in each component.

Your English language qualification must be no more than three and a half years old from the start date of the programme you are applying to study, unless you are using IELTS , TOEFL, Trinity ISE or PTE , in which case it must be no more than two years old.

Degrees taught and assessed in English

We also accept an undergraduate or postgraduate degree that has been taught and assessed in English in a majority English speaking country, as defined by UK Visas and Immigration:

• UKVI list of majority English speaking countries

We also accept a degree that has been taught and assessed in English from a university on our list of approved universities in non-majority English speaking countries (non-MESC).

• Approved universities in non-MESC

If you are not a national of a majority English speaking country, then your degree must be no more than five years old* at the beginning of your programme of study. (*Revised 05 March 2024 to extend degree validity to five years.)

Find out more about our language requirements:

Fees and costs

Scholarships and funding, featured funding.

There are two PhD scholarships available to incoming students on this programme. Each covers UK tuition fees and an annual stipend. The awards are open to UK and overseas students starting their PhD in Islamic and Middle Eastern Studies in the academic year 2024 to 2025.

There are also a number of other scholarship schemes available to eligible candidates on this PhD programme, including awards from the Arts and Humanities Research Council.

Please be advised that many scholarships have more than one application stage, and early deadlines.

• Find out more about IMES and other scholarships in literatures, languages and cultures

Search for scholarships and funding opportunities:

• Search for funding

Further information

• Phone: +44 (0)131 650 4086
• Contact: [email protected]
• School of Literatures, Languages & Cultures
• 50 George Square
• Central Campus
• Programme: Islamic and Middle Eastern Studies (IMES)
• School: Literatures, Languages & Cultures
• College: Arts, Humanities & Social Sciences

Select your programme and preferred start date to begin your application.

PhD Islamic and Middle Eastern Studies - 3 Years (Full-time)

Phd islamic and middle eastern studies - 6 years (part-time), application deadlines.

We strongly recommend you submit your completed application as early as possible, particularly if you are also applying for funding or will require a visa. We may consider late applications if we have places available.

• How to apply

You must submit two references with your application.

Find out more about the general application process for postgraduate programmes:

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Islamic law, the challenges of islamic law adjudication in public reason.

• Read more about The Challenges of Islamic Law Adjudication in Public Reason

Majid Nikouei

Majid Nikouei thinks about modern constitutionalism and its challenges in Muslim-majority countries. He is particularly interested in how the elements of modern constitutionalism, such as rule of law and human rights, can be implemented in the Iranian and Shi'ite contexts. Before joining the University of Toronto, Majid was an adjacent lecturer at Islamic Azad University (Iran) and has taught courses in constitutional law, Islam and human rights, and public law in Islam.

" Jurisprudence of Tolerance: Hate Speech, Article 17 and Theory of Democracy in the European Convention on Human Rights " (2019) 8:1 International Human Rights Law Review 67-88 (with M. Zamani).

" Intervention by Invitation, Collective Self-defence and the Enigma of Effective Control " (2017) 16:4 Chinese Journal of International Law 663-694 (with M. Zamani).

" The Secession of Crimea: Where Does International Law Stand? " (2016) 85:1 Nordic Journal of International Law 37-64 (with M. Zamani).

Persian (Farsi)

 Articles

" From Natural Law to Natural Rights: Conceptual Analysis and Historical Evolution " (2017) 47:3 Public Law Studies Quarterly 747-769 (with S. Seyed Fatemi).

" A Critical analysis of ‘Disclosive Quality of Certainty (Qat‘) in Revealing Reality’ in Shi‘i Osul al-fiqh‌ in Light of Modern Epistemology " (2019) 11:20 Journal of Studies in Islamic Law and Jurisprudence 373-402 (with H Saraf). 

" The Avicenna’s Contribution to the Natural Law Theory of Aquinas " (2016) 2:2 Journal of Comparative Studies on Islamic and Western Law 49-76 (with S. Seyed Fatemi).

 "Reexamining the independent rationality ( al-mustaqillat al-‘aqliyya ) in Shi‘i Osul al-fiqh in Light of Rawls’s Analytical Framework in ‘Theory of Justice’" Journal of Comparative Law (NAMEH-YE MOFID) Forthcoming.

"Examining the Legality of Intervention by Invitation: A Critical Approach to Interventions in Mali, Ukraine, Syria and Yemen " (2017) 18:54 The Quarterly Journal of Public Law Research 289-317 (with M. Zamani).

"Examining the Exercise of Self-determination in Crimea from the Perspective of International and Constitutional Law" (2016) 73:1 Revue de la Recherche Juridique 253-284 (with M. Zamani).

"Human Rights and Rawls’s the Law of People: A Critical Approach" (2012) 76:79 The Judiciary Law Journal 125-153.

 Books

Natural Law in Shi‘ite Teachings and Its Implications For Theory of State , Tehran: Nashre Ney (forthcoming).

 Translation From English to Farsi: Anderi Marmor, Philosophy of Law , Princeton University Press, 2011. The translation was published by Negahe Moaser Publication , 2012 (with S. Abedi).

• Read more about Majid Nikouei

Ideas, Ideology, and the Roots of the Islamic State

• Read more about Ideas, Ideology, and the Roots of the Islamic State

Political Legitimacy, Democracy and Islamic Law: The Place of Self‐Government in Islamic Political Thought

• Read more about Political Legitimacy, Democracy and Islamic Law: The Place of Self‐Government in Islamic Political Thought

The Oxford Handbook of Islamic Law

• Read more about The Oxford Handbook of Islamic Law

Kitty Newman Memorial Award given to Prof. Anver Emon

Prof. Anver Emon is the recipient of the 2017 Kitty Newman Memorial Award which recognizes an outstanding emerging Canadian scholar in the field of philosophy. This award is selected by a committee of disciplinary peers who are Fellows of the Royal Society of Canada.

• Read more about Kitty Newman Memorial Award given to Prof. Anver Emon

Prof. Anver Emon one of six U of T researchers appointed to the notable Royal Society of Canada’s College of New Scholars, Artists and Scientists

The Faculty of Law’s Professor Anver M. Emon, a world-leading scholar of Islamic law, is one of six University of Toronto researchers appointed to the notable Royal Society of Canada’s College of New Scholars, Artists and Scientists. In total, the College named 70 scholars to its academy today, in recognition of an emerging generation of outstanding scholarly, scientific and artistic leadership in Canada.

• Read more about Prof. Anver Emon one of six U of T researchers appointed to the notable Royal Society of Canada’s College of New Scholars, Artists and Scientists

Fulbright Fellow J. R. Rothstein to be a Visiting Scholar for 2017-18

• Read more about Fulbright Fellow J. R. Rothstein to be a Visiting Scholar for 2017-18

The Criterion for Distinguishing Legal Opinions from Judicial Rulings and the Administrative Acts of Judges and Rulers

• Read more about The Criterion for Distinguishing Legal Opinions from Judicial Rulings and the Administrative Acts of Judges and Rulers

Islamic Law and Constitution-Making: The Authoritarian Temptation and the Arab Spring

• Read more about Islamic Law and Constitution-Making: The Authoritarian Temptation and the Arab Spring

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Religious Studies

You are here, islamic studies.

     Assistant Director of Graduate Studies:  Supriya Gandhi Teaching Group in Islamic Studies:  Supriya Gandhi, Shawkat Toorawa, Travis Zadeh

The Yale University Ph. D. Program in Islamic Studies is devoted to comprehensive research on the religion of Islam and to training superior students for academic careers in that field. Students accepted into the program are offered full scholarships along with a multi-year stipend. Islamic Studies is one of ten fields in the Department of Religious Studies, where students and professors researching different religious traditions interact. In addition to Prof. Gerhard Bowering and Assoc. Prof. Frank Griffel, students also have the benefit of professors in the Near Eastern Studies, History, and Political Science Departments.

Students in Islamic Studies are expected to develop both a comprehensive knowledge of Islamic intellectual history and religious thought, as well as mastery of a field of specialization and the requisite tools for critical scholarship on Islam. They are expected to demonstrate competence in Islamic religious history (focusing on the development of Islamic civilization, law, society and institutions in the period from the origins of Islam to 1500 CE); Islamic religious thought (focusing on Islamic philosophy, theology, Sufism and Shi’ism); Islamic scripture and tradition (focusing on the composition, redaction and interpretation of Qur’an and Hadith); and modern and contemporary Islam (focusing on 16th to 21st century developments in the Arab Middle East, the Turco-Iranian world, South Asia, Southeast Asia, Africa and, most recently, Europe and America). Frank Griffel is responsible for modern and contemporary Islam, Gerhard Bowering for Islamic religious history; and thought as well as Qur’an and Hadith. Arabic language and literature, as well as Persian and Turkish, are taught in the Department of Near Eastern Languages and Civilizations . Modern Iranian history and Islamic political thought are taught respectively in the Department of History and Political Science .  

Contact Information

Professor Supriya Gandhi Yale University Program in Islamic Studies 320 York Street P.O. Box 208287 New Haven, CT 06520-8287 supriya.gandhi@yale.edu  

We have 4 islamic law PhD Projects, Programmes & Scholarships in the UK

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islamic law PhD Projects, Programmes & Scholarships in the UK

Phd studentship (3 years): islamic finance innovation for more inclusive digital knowledge-based societies in the uk and internationally, phd research project.

PhD Research Projects are advertised opportunities to examine a pre-defined topic or answer a stated research question. Some projects may also provide scope for you to propose your own ideas and approaches.

Funded PhD Project (Students Worldwide)

This project has funding attached, subject to eligibility criteria. Applications for the project are welcome from all suitably qualified candidates, but its funding may be restricted to a limited set of nationalities. You should check the project and department details for more information.

Theology and Religion - Postgraduate Research Opportunities

Awaiting funding decision/possible external funding.

This programme is waiting to confirm funding from a university or external source. This may depend on attracting suitable students and applications are welcome. Please see the programme details for more information.

Humanities Research Programme

Humanities Research Programmes present a range of research opportunities, shaped by a university’s particular expertise, facilities and resources. You will usually identify a suitable topic for your PhD and propose your own project. Additional training and development opportunities may also be offered as part of your programme.

Study History, Classics and Archaeology at the University of Edinburgh - funding opportunities available

Funded phd programme (students worldwide).

Some or all of the PhD opportunities in this programme have funding attached. Applications for this programme are welcome from suitably qualified candidates worldwide. Funding may only be available to a limited set of nationalities and you should read the full programme details for further information.

African Studies and Anthropology - Postgraduate Research Opportunities

Arts research programme.

Arts Research Programmes present a range of research opportunities, shaped by a university’s particular expertise, facilities and resources. You will usually identify a suitable topic for your PhD and propose your own project. Additional training and development opportunities may also be offered as part of your programme.

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Doctor of Philosophy in Law (PhD)

A PhD in laws programme is the most advanced form of postgraduate studies laws programme and exclusively thesis-based.

The candidates are required to prepare a viable ‘research proposal’ in accordance with the guidelines and format as prescribed by the faculty or known as kulliyyah in this university. The degree is awarded based on the successful completion of a supervised research and assessed by a thesis and viva voce examination.

AIKOL strives to promote research excellence among its entire academic staff. We recognize that high quality legal research may take many different forms, with a wide variety of legal research methods being employed in the numerous ongoing research projects. All PhD students are allocated with research supervisor (s) who will have the appropriate title and/or methodological expertise to support the research project being undertaken. We offer supervision in research degrees in most subject areas of law, and also for interdisciplinary project which have legal aspect to them. Throughout the duration of study student will develop a strong working relationship with concern supervisors and they will provide ample assistance and support needed to undertake the research.

Requirement for Writing Thesis

• English language as entry requirement: Passed English band 6.0 or equivalent (TOEFL 500/IELTS/EPT)
• Taking 1 compulsory courses for 1 semester
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• Law Research Methodology

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Ph. D. in Islamic Studies (in 30% English)

Why islamic studies ph.d. at ibn haldun university.

The Ph.D. program in Islamic Studies at Ibn Haldun University, which focuses purely on social sciences, aims to educate the next generation of competent academics with a multidisciplinary view of all aspects of Islam.

In our department of Islamic Studies at the University of Ibn Haldun University, we offer courses aligned with the above principles. As a Muslim-social institution, we welcome all the different sectarian, ethnic, and religious backgrounds students of the world because we believe in diversity in a way that the civilizational paradigm can be best represented only in its academic setting where modern and traditional movements can equally be represented. Moreover, the challenges of our differences motivate us to pursue maturation, wisdom, and truth.

The university trains students to become well-qualified academics who are virtuous, respectful of the Islamic heritage, and capable of responding to present and future needs and expectations through quality education in an academic setting.

The students will use the buildings of Süleymaniye Madrasah, one of the most reputable higher education institutions of the Ottoman Empire, located in the center of the historical city of Istanbul, as a venue for education. In addition, students will be professionally prepared for academic life with various domestic and international research scholarships, project support, and institutional collaborations from many countries worldwide.

Students who qualify for the Ibn Haldun University Ph.D. program in Islamic Studies will be able to attend free English or Turkish preparatory classes, receive lectures and private seminars from professors who are some of the best in their respective fields, and attain basic skills to understand the significant texts of classical Arabic and Islamic disciplines of knowledge taught in the extracurricular Honor Program. In addition, they will be well-equipped to comprehend the literature in their fields in Arabic, English, and Turkish.

Within this discipline, the Ph.D. candidates will conduct research and presentations, publish work and take firm steps toward the academic world, look to the future with confidence, and make a name for themselves in the international academic community.

About Program

Head of the department:.

Assist. Prof. İhsan Kahveci

Objectives of the Program:

The purpose of the Ph.D. The program in Islamic Studies is to develop Islamic studies both in our country and in the world and to expand the scope of influence by obtaining essential outcomes from these studies on the national and international levels. In addition, the program aims to train academics capable of correctly identifying fundamental problems and producing real solutions in line with our priorities.

• To equip students with advanced knowledge and research skills in Islamic Studies.
• To meet the advanced academic and scientific needs of students interested in academic studies following their undergraduate studies and to strengthen their language skills.
• To meet the needs of qualified researchers and academics in Turkey and abroad.
• To adopt an interdisciplinary approach in line with these goals
• To understand Ibn Haldun's scholarly heritage in the field of Islamic Studies in its intellectual integrity and adapt it to present-day context.
• Follow the qualified literature in Islamic Studies written in Western and Eastern languages.
• Train students academically to join the faculty staff of prestigious national and international universities.

Scope of the Program:

The scope of the Ph.D. program in Islamic Studies covers the following areas:

• Islamic Law

Application Requirements

Visit Ph.D. Programs Application Requirements page.

Teaching Staff

Visit the department page for Teaching Staff.

Curriculum and Course Contents

Visit the curriculum page.

Course Contents

Bis 600e seminar.

This course covers the basic principles of research methods, developing a thesis proposal, and thesis writing processes. The compulsory course for doctoral students includes presentations of visiting academics from the university and different universities in Turkey and abroad. Within the scope of the course, each student will be required to prepare a seminar on Islamic Studies and make a presentation in the classroom. The seminar is a non-credit course. Students will be evaluated as "Successful" or "Unsuccessful" at the end of the semester. Students must attend 70% of the seminar course. Students who do not make a presentation or fulfill the attendance requirement are considered unsuccessful in this course.

BIS 601E Scientific Research Techniques and Publication Ethics

The course focuses on two main areas in Islamic studies: scientific methodology and publication ethics. It provides the training for doctoral students to handle a research problem from beginning to end, using scientific methods and the ways to publish research results following publication ethics in different publishing platforms. In this way, students will be allowed to apply what they have learned in a theoretical framework to the subject of their choice in Islamic studies while increasing their awareness of various types of resources to be used during their studies.

ELECTIVE COURSES

Bis 631 history of qurʾān.

This course will examine the revelation of the Qur'an, its memorization, writing, mutual reading, compilation, copying, arrangement, punctuation, vocalization, translation, and orientalist claims of alteration.

BIS 632 History of Tafsīr

In this course, the status of Prophet Mohammed during the Qurʾānic revelation period, the Qurʾānic interpretive activities of the first three generations after Ṣahābah; Mecca, Medina, and Iraqi tafsīr schools, transfer character, and codification of tafsīr material will be covered. Furthermore, the formation process of the earliest written works in tafsīr, the transition to the earliest comprehensive texts of tafsīr, the character of the tafsīr works in terms of riwāyah and dirāyah, the effect of commentators' creed on commentary works, classification of commentators according to different criteria, the commentators according to Islamic lands and geography, commentary in the Ottoman period, the nature of comments made at the end of the 19th century and during the 20th century will be examined.

BIS 633 Tafsīr al-Riwāyah

In this course, the following topics are covered: the nature and character of the narrations in terms of Qurʾānic commentary conveyed from the Prophet, Companions, and Successors; the soundness of the narrations; the weakness in the narrations; the way the exegetes use narrations in commentaries and their approach to narrations; concepts of riwāyah and dirāyah in tafsīr; tafsīr narrations works, predominantly narrative tafsīr works, and their characteristics; the use of narration in dirāyah tafsīr; the importance of narrations in understanding the Qurʾān.

BIS 634 Tafsīr al-Dirāyah

In this course, the topics are as follows: the concept of dirāyah in tafsīr; the relation of dirāyah tafsīr to the ra'y and ijtihād; the main elements of dirāyah tafsīr; the dirāyah tafsīr books; the influence of the sectarian and practical views on dirāyah tafsīr; the relation of scientific, social, and mystic interpretation to dirāyah tafsīr.

BIS 635 Problems of Tafsīr

The topics of the course are as follows: the interpretation of selective verses in the Qurʾān and narrations related to the revelation of the Qurʾān; repeated revelation (mukarrar); abrogation; mutashābihāt; the incident of Gharāniq; Mushkil al-Qurʾān; the eternality of hell; verses about women; verses of jihād; verses about miracles; verses about punishments; the scientific commentary; reincarnation in the classical and modern times.

BIS 636 Thematic Tafsīr

Thematic tafsīr course selects a theme that recurs in various verses and surahs of the Qurʾān. The course is focused on systematically assessing the related verses and presents a broad understanding of the Qurʾān on that selected thematic subject. The subject examined may relate to beliefs, social or individual life concerns, or philosophical considerations.

BIS 637 Aḥkām al-Qurʾān

In this course, firstly, the commentators of the judicial verses of the Qurʾān and their works are introduced, then examples from the judicial verses of the Qurʾān are dealt with in terms of language and content. Finally, the interpretations and analyses of the commentators of judicial verses are examined.

BIS 638 Contemporary Approaches to Qurʾān

This course focuses on issues regarding the language-centered, the semantic, the historical, the hermeneutic, the thematic approaches, the feminist discourse, and the Qurʾānite Islam in a critical examination.

BIS 641 Naqd al-Isnad

The course presents the development of the methodology of critiquing ḥadīth narrations throughout the centuries and the conditions for a ḥadīth to be authenticated concerning its chain of narrators. The course also focuses on the efforts of the Companions and the scholars of ḥadīth in setting and applying the standards for establishing a ḥadīth. The course studies the development of the methodology of al-sanad (chain of narrators) critique throughout history and discusses the efforts of Muslim scholars to develop the ability to understand and evaluate chains of narrators. The course addresses the definition of al-sanad and its significance, the conditions for a chain of narrators to be authenticated, and the sciences related to critiquing the chain of narrators. Finally, it introduces the literature of al- Jarḥ wa al-taʿdīl, its history and level of narrators, and the names of narrators and their countries of origin.

BIS 642 Naqd al-Matn

Textual criticism of ḥadīth refers to the assessment of the text by comparing its content to information obtained through other sources of knowledge, which delivers certainty or a high level of doubt, such as reason, human senses or observation, and information derived from verses in the Qurʾān and the accounts in Sunnah. During this course, students will discuss and analyze with the course lecturer the commentaries of the earlier Muhaddithūn (e.g., al-Shāfi'i, al-Khaṭīb al-Baghdādī, and others), rules developed by the Usūliyyūn that involve the critique of the Sunnah, standards set by late scholars in this regard, topics and questions raised by Muslim authors on this issue, and criticisms of orientalists towards the Muhaddithūn in this respect.

BIS 643 ‘Ulūm al-Ḥadīth

The course focuses on critical issues such as the historical development of 'Ulūm al-Ḥadīth, the problems of setting its terminology, disagreements among scholars about its concepts, its influence on Islamic jurisprudence and ḥadīth literature. The course also addresses the essential contributions in the scholarly tradition of the field within the modern period. Additionally, it details the different Islamic schools of thought concerning their relationship with the methodology; means of compilation, and preservation of ḥadīth; as well as the method of assessing the fabricated reports in classical books; the occasion, and the context of ḥadīth (Sabab Wurūd al-ḥadīth) and its influence on textual interpretations. Finally, the classical methodology will be examined comparatively with modern critiques.

BIS 644 Ikhtilāf al-Ḥadīth

Ikhtilāf refers to a textual divergence in ḥadīth literature, such as when an authentic ḥadīth seemingly contradicts another authentic ḥadīth or other Islamic rulings. Furthermore, it is expected to find differences between certain ḥadīths as they address different people and subject matters in various historical, social, and cultural contexts. For instance, some ḥadīths were reported during wartime, famine, and other extraordinary circumstances. In short, this course's objective is to understand "what was said" (ḥadīth) by placing it in its historical, sociological, and realistic context and to stand against the criticism due to a literal interpretation of the ḥadīth based on a sole literal understanding.

BIS 645 Schools of Ulum al-Hadith

This course examines Islamic schools' contributions to the sciences of ḥadīth, such as Mu'tazilah, Khawārij, and particularly Shi'a. The Shi'a branch has nearly 200 million followers today. This branch has developed its methodology concerning ḥadīth sciences based on a deep-seated madrasa tradition. The course studies the system of ḥadīth evaluation of the sects mentioned above via comparative study, in which the outcome will reveal similarities and differences and their impact on the ḥadīth literature. Inductive, analytic, critical, and comparative methods are applied during the course.

BIS 646 Ḥadīth Commentaries

This course examines the historical motives behind the unique commentaries of ḥadīth interpretation activities before the systematic commentaries period. The course also focuses on the geography of the comments and the changes in the proceeding periods as well as the effects in their content caused by these changes, the impact of sectarian tendencies, and in what way the commentaries interacted with each other, analyzing the role of ḥadīth interpretation played by this interaction. The course also provides information about outstanding works and authors. Finally, it also offers an in-class reading activity of selected texts from significant results to achieve a general picture of their profile.

BIS 647 Contemporary Discussions in Hadith

This course examines the nature of contemporary debates about ḥadīth in the modern world, its epistemological basis and relations to the proposed allegations in the classical times of Islamic history, as well as its dimensions related to the nature of the modern age. The course focuses on the fact that an accurate perception of Islam cannot be realized without the sound perception of ḥadīth. The consistency of the ḥadīth critique of the modern era critique is investigated by analyzing its positive and negative aspects and discussing solutions to its related problems. In this regard, the course covers several controversial concepts such as the absolute and the relative, the trustworthiness of the Companions, recited and unrecited revelation, the religious value of the Prophet's behaviors, and objections of Shi'a, etc.

BIS 648 Contemporary Hadith Works

Western scholars of Islam have developed their genres. Their studies in major Western languages have influenced the West and the ḥadīth studies in the Muslim world. This course deals with issues such as Orientalism, its origin, various stages of its development, objectives, methods, approach, text criticism, and the most prominent orientalists in the field,  and their main arguments against the authenticity of ḥadīth.

BIS 650 Ilal al-Hadith

This course covers essential books written in Ilal al-Hadith and examines disputed issues. It also focuses on the contributions of the scholars in this field and aims to ground issues and solve some related problems.

BIS 651 Fuqaha Legal Thought

Usūl al-fiqh is a judicial field established to determine the methods that scholars use as the basis for reaching jurisprudential conclusions, formed through two primary ways: Fuqahā (jurists) and Mutakallimūn (theologians). Therefore, the central axis of this course is the elaborate presentation of the characteristics, historical development, boundaries, and methodology of jurists' thoughts of usūl. In addition, to establish a substantial knowledge of the literature, the essential texts of jurists' study of usūl, such as al-Fusūl fi al-usūl, Taqwīm al-Adillah, Kanz al-Wuṣūl ilā Maʿrifah al-Uṣūl, Kashf al-Asrār, Mirqāt al-Wusūl, and Majāmi' al- Ḥaqāiq will be covered and analyzed linguistically and contextually. This course will allow the students to grasp the particulars of jurists' literature and a holistic perspective of the fabric of ideas of their contemporary times through these texts.

BIS 652 Mutakallimūn Legal Thought

Mutakallimūn's legal thought constitutes one of the main components of Usūl al-fiqh. This course covers the characteristics of the usūl of Mutakallimūn and its historical process. Advanced texts of usūl of Mutakallimūn from different periods, such as al-Lumʿa, al-Burhān, al-Mustaṣfā, Jamʿ al-Jawāmiʿ will be analyzed. Thus, after this course, the researchers will be familiar with the primary sources of Usūl of Mutakallimūn and have a holistic perspective regarding the linguistic and contextual features of the related texts.

BIS 653 Islamic Family Law

As the smallest building unit of Islamic society, the family involves significant legal and ethical rules. This course covers the provisions of family law as structured in two primary sections. The marriage contract and its legal consequences will be examined in the first section. The elements and conditions of the marriage contract, the obstructions in marriage, the issue of equivalence, mahr, and alimony in the context of women's economic rights, muwaqqāt, and muṭʿah marriages and their consequences within the scope of void marriages will be discussed in details. In the second section, the termination of the marriage contract; the types of divorce; situations where there is no internal will; the legal consequences of divorce, such as 'iddah waiting; alimony, and ruling of inheritance, will be covered in general. In addition, while these issues are examined, how these topics are taken up and processed in the relevant sections of the furū' al-fiqh literature will be analyzed by considering the historical process.

BIS 654 Islamic Theory of Contract

The basis of a transaction, either unilateral or bilateral, is the expression of intention involving a legal result. In this course, it is pursued how meaning evolves to be a contract, so the theoretical structure of the contract will be analyzed. The formation process of the agreement, its elements, and requirements will be elaborated as a coherent theory. The course will give the researchers a sound understanding of the Islamic contract theory based on the Qurʾān, Sunnah, and Islamic legal scholarship.

BIS 655 Al-Ahkam Al-Sultaniyyah

Aḥkām al-Sultaniyyah refers to literature in classical Islamic law in the sense of "provisions concerning state administration." In this course, the subjects related to public law will be covered in the context of Islamic law, considering the historical process in which the related issues took place. The course will also focus on the theories that Abul Hasan al- Māwardī, Abū Yaʿlā al-Farrā, and Ibn Khāldun put forward in their well-known works al-Aḥkām al-Sultaniyyah and al-Muqaddimah. Thus, the provisions of state administration in Islamic law will be analyzed and discussed in detail.

BIS 656 Maqasid Al-Shari’ah

This course will cover the foundations of the Maqasid idea, its conceptualization, and its place in the literature, in addition to analyzing the importance and function of maqāṣid by focusing on the basic concepts and issues. A critical evaluation of Maqāṣid al-Shari̅’ah, which has become one of the fundamental concepts of Islamic law in the reform and reforming efforts, will be made, and the relevance of the concepts used in these discourses will be tested.

BIS 657 Ottoman Legal System

The Ottoman state's strategic position, together with its diverse subjects from different nations and a strong representation of Islamic geography, had made it possible for its legal system to develop. This course will cover the structure and function of the state in the Ottoman period and the application of various branches of law, such as punishment, debts, family, waqf, and inheritance, by distinguishing religious and customary law. In addition, the breakdown and the changes after the Tanzimāt (Ottoman reform movement) period will be covered with the history of the Majallah and Decree of Family Law.

BIS 658 Contemporary Fiqh Issues

The rapid progress of technological developments in the modern age brings many problems. However, science and technology are a matter of empirical knowledge and a part of our world of values. This course will analyze the jurisprudential issues that Muslims have confronted in the last few centuries and the proposed solutions comparatively. The course provides a critical perspective by analyzing modern problems that arose, especially in health, economics, and food.

BIS 661 Concept of Knowledge in Kalām

In this course, the theory of knowledge, which is one of the epistemological problems of 'Ilm al-Kalām, will be discussed, and after searching for an answer to the question of "what is knowledge?" topics like the problem of defining knowledge, contingency, sources, and types of knowledge, ways of learning (asbāb al 'ilm), power of the mind and its limits, kashf, value of ilhām (divine inspiration) and dream as a source of knowledge, knowledge of senses and their matter, evidence and its types will be covered.

BIS 662 God's Divinity in Kalam

In this course, the main theological problems of 'ilm al-kalām concerning God's divinity, such as ithbāt al-wājib ('proof of the Necessary Being'), and oneness (tawhīd), God's essential (ḏātī)  and positive (thubūtī) attributes as well as action (fiʿlī), informative (kẖabarī) relationship between the ism (name) and the musammā (named), kalāmullah and the creativeness of the Qurʾān will be addressed.

BIS 663 Concept of Cosmos in Kalām

This course deals with topics of the classical period of theologically natural philosophy as the formation of the universe, universe designs, creation theories, attributes, substances, matter, aql, and nafs that are among the cosmological problems of 'Ilm al-Kalām and the relationship between atomic universe model in kalām and related modern scientific cosmological models will be discussed.

BIS 664 Prophethood and Afterlife in Kalām

The following topics are discussed in this course: the prophethood and the eschatological questions of 'ilm al-kalām such as the possibility of prophethood and its necessity; revelation; attributes of prophets; miracles; karāmāt, supernaturality; the creed of al-mahdī and al-masīh; angels; satan; jinns; holy books; the signs of the day of judgment' punishment of the grave; al-ba'th (resurrection); al-ḥashr (gathering), al-maḥshar, al-ḥasāb, al-suāl, al-mīzān (the scale), al-ṣirāt, al-a'rāf, salvation, heaven, hell, repentance.

BIS 665 Mutazilite Kalam

In this course, topics that both form the main principles of the Mu'tazilī school and the al-usūl al-khamsa, which refers to the five principles of faith: Tawḥīd, al-ʿadl, al-wa'd, and al-wa'id, al-manzila bayn al-manzilatayn, al-amr bi al-maʿrūf wa al-nahy ʿan al-munkar (the urging of right and prohibition of wrong) will be addressed within the scope of Sharḥ al-Uṣūl al-Khamsa, the magnum opus of Qādī ʿAbd al-Jabbār, a prominent Muʿtazilī theologian of Basra Muʿtazilism.

BIS 666 Faith Problems in Our Age

In this course, the focus is given on the possible solutions by the Muslim world that are offered with the perspective of 'ilm al-kalām against the criticisms arising from Physics, Biology, as well as epistemology driven movements such as Agnosticism, Atheism, Deism, Darwinism, Freudism, Materialism, Positivism, Spiritualism, Nihilism, Polytheism, Reincarnation, Satanism and their corresponding criticisms, including the modern problems such as the Problem of Evil, Women's Rights, Human rights and Democracy, the relation between Religion and Science, Religion and link to the mind.

BIS 667 Criticisms Directed to Kalam

The criticisms directed against kalām from inside and outside in terms of their methodology and underlying motives will be dealt with in this course and within this context. Criticisms of the scholars, Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal, (d. 241/855), ʻAbd Allāh ibn Muḥammad Anṣārī al-Harawī, Ibn Ḥׅazm (d. 450/1064), al-Ghazzālī (d. 505/1111), Ibn Rushd (d. 595/1198), Ibn Taymiyyah (d. 728/1328), Ibn Khaldun (d. 808/1406), Muhammad Iqbal (d. 1938) and Fazlur Rahman (d. 1988) directed to 'ilm al-kalām, and the ideas that are propounded in the reconstruction of kalām will be discussed.

BIS 668 Kalām Studies in West

In this course, the studies in the West on Islamic theology and a selection of works of Western philosophers such as W. Montgomery Watt, A. Stanley Tritton, De Lacy O'Leary, H. Austryn Wolfson, Louis Gardet, and Georges Anawati will be discussed.

BIS 681 Methodology of the History of Ṣūfism

History of Ṣūfism is a field of study using history and Islamic studies methodologies. This course's primary goal is to achieve a field survey formation that involves primary sources, archives, manuscripts, and current studies.

BIS 682 Ṣūfism in Non-Anatolian Geographies

This course concentrates on mystic orders and Ṣūfism in non-Anatolian regions such as the Middle East, Khorasān, the Far East, the Maghreb, and Africa and offers an opportunity to recognize the lesser-studied orders in Turkey.

BIS 683 Ṣūfism and Ṣūfī Orders in Anatolia

Anatolia's Ṣūfī orders differ from those in other parts of the Islamic world in certain aspects. In particular, the period of Islamization of Anatolia is unique. This course examines the Ṣūfism of these orders and their backgrounds.

BIS 684 Persian Ṣūfī Texts

This course examines the texts produced in Persian, one of the main languages of Ṣūfī literature. It offers an opportunity to become acquainted with the Ṣūfī thought of Iran, Anatolia and Khorasān regions.

BIS 685 Readings from Fusus al-Hikam

This course is an introduction to Ibn Arabi's thought through his groundbreaking work, offering an opportunity for young researchers to recognize Ibn Arabi's terminology, his followers, and Fusūs commentators.

BIS 686 Contemporary Ṣūfī Movements

The course will cover the Ṣūfī movements in the contemporary world, especially the new formations in the West. The researcher will find opportunities to recognize the religious trends, their leading figures, and their works originating from the Islamic world, including the mainstream and mystical movements synthesized in various religions.

BIS 687 Ottoman Ṣūfī Thought

Since the establishment of the Ottoman Empire, Ṣūfism has expanded overtime via new formations and Ṣūfī thinkers. The course introduces the leading names, and founding works of Ottoman Ṣūfī thought.

BIS 688 Critiques of Sufism

Critics have been directed against Ṣūfism, which has been disputed since its early days. The subject of this course is these criticisms that are in part doctrinal, practical, and based on modern science and philosophy.

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Program in Islamic Law

Fellows Archive

Dörthe Engelcke (Germany) PhD Candidate, University of Oxford Topic: Family Law Reform Processes in Morocco and Jordan: Legal and Societal Change and Continuity in Authoritarian Monarchies

Fachrizal Halim (Canada / Indonesia) Fall 2013 PhD, Institute of Islamic Studies, McGill University, Canada Research Topic: The Digital Madhhab: Reformulation of Islamic Legal Authority in the New Media

Shariq Nisar (India) Director, Research and Operations, Taqwaa Advisory and Shariah Investment Solutions Research Topic: Application and Accommodation of Sharīʿa Financial Concepts in Secular Jurisdictions

Tahsin Özcan (Turkey) Professor of Islamic History, Head of Turkish History Branch, Marmara University, Theology Faculty, Islamic History Department Research Topic: Waqf and Civil Society: Management of Foundations from the Ottomans to the Republic of Turkey

Lu’ayy Minwer Al Rimawi (United Kingdom) Spring 2014 Director of Studies, Doctoral Programme, London School of Commerce; Co-Director, MA Programme in Islamic Financial & Business Law, BPP University Research Topic: Comparative Aspects of Prospectus Liability under Islamic General Law in Arab Countries (Sharīʿa), the United Kingdom, and the United States

Ayman Shabana (Qatar / United States) Visiting Assistant Professor, School of Foreign Services in Qatar, Georgetown University Research Topic: Paternity Regulations between Islamic Law and Bioethics

Serena Tolino (Italy / Switzerland) Fall 2013 Post-doctoral Fellow, University of Zurich, Switzerland Topic: Eunuchs in Medieval Islamic Law: Discourses on the Gender of Castrated Men

Olgun Akbulut (Turkey) Assistant Professor and Associate Dean, Kadir Has University Research Topic: The Harmonization of Islamic Religious Rights with Secular Laws: What Does the Turkish Model Provide?

Guy Burak (Israel) Fall 2012 Post-doctoral Scholar, Ph.D. New York University Research Topic: Towards a Connected Legal History: A Comparative Study of the Ottoman, Uzbek, and Mughal Legal Systems

Mohd Na’im Mokhtar (Malaysia) Spring 2013 Director, Family Support Division, Department of Syariah Judiciary Topic: Enforcement and Execution of Maintenance Order by the Syariah Court of Malaysia: Issues of Separation of Power and Conflict of Interest

Roy Mottahedeh (United States) July 2012–June 2013, Affiliate in Research Gurney Professor of History, Harvard University

Huma Sodher (Pakistan / United Kingdom) PhD Candidate, Bangor University Topic: Post-Financial Crisis Legal and Regulatory Trends: Implications on Islamic Banking Laws and Regulations

Ayang Utriza (France / Indonesia) Spring 2013 PhD Candidate, École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales, France Research Topic: The Register of the Qāḍī Court of the Sultanate of Banten, 1754–56: Philological, Historical, and Legal Studies on the Archive of Kiyahi Peqih Najamuddin

Maaike Voorhoeve (Netherlands) Researcher, Law Faculty, University of Amsterdam Research Topic: The Sharia in the Constitution of Post-Revolutionary Tunisia

Walter Young (Canada) Spring 2013 PhD, McGill University Topic: The Dialectical Forge: On the Formative Dynamic of Jadal in Islamic Law

Luqman Zakariyah (Nigeria / United Kingdom) Lecturer in the Study of Islam and Muslims, Al-Maktoum College (Nigeria); Honorary Teaching Fellow, School of Divinity, History and Philosophy, University of Aberdeen (United Kingdom) Research Topic: Legal and Moral Questions in Contemporary Islamic Commercial Transactions: Comparative Analyses between Malaysia and the United Kingdom

Ismail Cebeci (Turkey) Spring 2012 Researcher, Oxford Center for Islamic Studies Research Topic: Producing New Contract Types: A Viable Solution for Modern Islamic Finance?

Yoram Meital (Israel) Associate Professor of Middle East Studies, Ben-Gurion University; Chairman, Chaim Herzog Center for Middle East Studies and Diplomacy Research Topic: Tales of Courts and Jails: The Construction of Hegemony and Resistance in Republican Egypt

Qudsia Mirza (United Kingdom) Spring 2012 Independent Scholar Research Topic: Interrogating Islamic Equality

Tamir Moustafa (Canada) Assistant Professor, Simon Fraser University School for International Studies Research Topic: Islamic Law and Women’s Rights

Umar Oseni (Malaysia / Nigeria) Post-doctoral Scholar and Lecturer, International Islamic University Malaysia Research Topic: Dispute Resolution in Islamic Banking and Finance: Current Trends and Future Perspectives

Aron Zysow (United States) Fall 2011 Independent Scholar Topic: Itjihād: Its Nature and Function

Sanaz Alasti (Iran / United States) Spring 2011 Post-doctoral Scholar, Golden Gate University School of Law Research Topic: What Is Wrong with Capital Punishment: Contemporary Practice of the Death Penalty in Islamic Countries and the United States?

Abdurrahman Atcil (Turkey) Fall 2010 Post-doctoral Scholar, PhD University of Chicago Research Topic: Sultan, Bureaucracy, and Law in the Early Modem Ottoman Empire 1450–1600

James Baldwin (United Kingdom / United States) Fall 2011 Post-doctoral Scholar, PhD New York University Research Topic: Law and Political Struggle in Ottoman Cairo

Kambiz Behi (Iran/United States) Spring 2011 Ph.D. candidate, Harvard University Topic: Islamic Constitutionalism

Erol Ozvar (Turkey) Associate Professor, Marmara University Topic: Loan Contracts in the Late Sixteenth-Century Bursa

Omri Paz (Israel) Post-doctoral Scholar, Ph.D. Tel Aviv University Research Topic: In a “Nanny State” of Mind: 19th-Century Criminal Procedure, Welfare Policy, and Ottoman Modernity

Maliheh Zare (Iran) Ph.D. Candidate, University of Tehran Research Topic: Islamic Capital Markets: A Challenge of Fundamental Rules in the Modern Era

Guy Bechor (Israel) Fall 2009 Lauder School of Government, Strategy and Diplomacy, The Interdisciplinary Center, Herzliya Research Topic: The Courtroom Oath as a Legal Battlefield

Marie-Claire Foblets (Belgium) Fall 2009 Professor of Anthropology, Catholic University of Leuven, Faculty of Law Research Topic: Cultural Diversity and Legal Practice: Islamic Practices and Civil Law in Europe

Havva Guney-Ruebenacker (Turkey / United States) September 2009 – June 2011 S.J.D. Candidate, Harvard Law School Research Topic: Towards Islamic Legal Reform: A Study of Islamic Family Law as a Part of Property, Slavery, and Jihād Law and a Proposal for its Modernization

Iza Hussin (United States) Assistant Professor of Legal Studies, University of Massachusetts – Amherst Research Topic: Politics of Islamic Law: Local Elites, Colonial Authority and the Negotiated Muslim State

Hauwa Ibrahim (Italy / Nigeria) Independent Scholar Research Topic: Humanizing Sharī’a – A Memoir on the Human Face of a Legal Practice

Eugenia Kermeli (Turkey) Spring 2010 Lecturer in History, Bilkent University Research Topic: Custom in Seventeenth-Century Ottoman Society

Gideon Libson (Israel)      Professor, Hebrew University Law School, Jerusalem Topic: Maimonides’ Halakhic Writing against the Background of Islamic Law and Jurisprudence of the Period

Intisar Rabb (United States) July 2009 – June 2012, Affiliate in Research Assistant Professor of Law, Boston College Law School Research Topics: Comparative Law and Legal History; Law of the Middle East and the Muslim World; The Internal Critique: Change in Contemporary Islamic Criminal Law

Leonard Wood (United States) PhD Candidate, History and Middle Eastern Studies, Harvard University Research Topic: The Reception of European Law, Origins of Islamic Legal Revivalism, and Transformations in Islamic Jurisprudence in Egypt, 1876–1960

Jiyoung Yang (South Korea) Associate Director, Financial Supervisory Service, South Korea Research Topic: Risk Management in Islamic Finance from the Regulatory Perspective

Ismail Acar (United States) Fall 2008 Visiting Assistant Professor of Religion, Bard College Research Topic: Stoning in the Islamic Tradition

Muhammad Ali Bahmaei (Iran) Spring 2009 Assistant Professor, Faculty of Law, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran Research Topic: International Commercial Arbitration, Dispute Settlement of Intellectual Property

Farhad (Cavard) Khosrokhavar (France) Spring 2009 Sociologist, École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales (EHESS), Paris Research Topic: Islam in Europe; Iranian Society in the Islamic Republic

Asghar Schirazi (Germany / Iran) Fall 2008 Independent Scholar, Berlin Research Topic: Ethnic Conflict in the Islamic Republic of Iran

Kilian Bälz (Germany) Spring 2008 Attorney-at-Law, Frankfurt, Germany Research Topic: Sharīʿa Risk? How Islamic Finance Has Changed Our Understanding of Islamic Law

Murteza Bedir (Turkey) Associate Professor of Islamic Jurisprudence, Sakarya University Research Topic: Ḥanafī Wāqiʿāt Literature of the Tenth to Fourteenth Centuries

Ahmed El Shamsy (United States) September 2007 – June 2009 PhD Candidate, Department of History, Harvard University Research Topic: From al-Shāfiʿī to Shāfiʿism: The Formation of Doctrine among Early Shāfiʿīs

Rudolph (Ruud) Peters (Netherlands) Spring 2008 Professor of Islamic Law, University of Amsterdam Research Topic: Sharīʿa and Colonial Public Policy: Criminal Law in British Indian and Colonial Nigeria

Himmet Taskomur (United States) September 2007 – June 2009 PhD Candidate in History and Middle Eastern Studies, Harvard University Research Topic: Religion, Law and Politics: Ḥanafism in the Sixteenth-Century Ottoman Empire

Martin Lau (Germany/United Kingdom) Reader, SOAS, University of London Research Topic: Twenty Five Years of Islamic Criminal Laws in Pakistan: An Analysis

Şükrü Özen (Turkey) Research Fellow, TDV Centre for Islamic Studies, Istanbul Research Topic: Ijtihād in the Age of Taqlīd: The Ottoman Tobacco Debate During the 17th and 18th Centuries

Michael Winter Spring 2007 Professor Emeritus, Tel Aviv University, Department of Middle Eastern and African Studies Research Topic: The Status and Functions of Qāḍīs in Late Mamlūk and Early Ottoman Damascus

Aron Zysow (United States) Fall 2006 Independent Scholar Research Topic: Twelver Shīʿite Legal Theory

Engin Akarli (United States) Joukowsky Family Distinguished Professor of Modern Middle East History and Professor of History, Brown University Research Topic: Law in the Marketplace: Istanbul Artisans, 1730-1840

Eric Chaumont (Belgium / France) Fall 2005 Researcher, CNRS, Aix-en-Provence, France Research Topic: Shāfiʿī Jurist Abū Isḥāq al-Shīrāzī

Bruce Rutherford (United States) Spring 2006 Assistant Professor of Political Science, Colgate University Research Topic: Islamic Constitutionalism in Egypt

Emad al-Din Shahin Spring 2006 Associate Professor, American University in Cairo Research Topic: Contemporary Arab Political Thought: A Century of Debates

Aron Zysow (United States) Fall 2005 Independent Scholar Research Topic: Twelver Shīʿite Legal Theory

Dorthe Bramsen (Denmark) Spring 2005 Ph.D. Candidate, University of Copenhagen Research Topic: Ijtihād or Taqlīd? A Study of the Principles of Interpretation in Saudi Arabian Legal Thought

Nimrod Hurvitz (Israel) September 2004–June 2006 Associate Professor, Ben Gurion University Research Topic: The Ḥanbalī School in the 9th and 10th Centuries from a Social and Political Perspective

Samantha Knights (United Kingdom) Barrister, Gray’s Inn, London Research Topic: Islam, Religious and Cultural Diversity, and Discrimination in the European Union

Hisako Nakamura (Japan) Professor of Anthropology, Bunkyo University Research Topic: Religion, State, and Society in Post-Suharto Indonesia: A Study of Public Discourses on Islamic Law

Mitsuo Nakamura (Japan) Visiting Scholar at CMES, Housed at ILSP Professor Emeritus, Chiba University Research Topic: Civil Society and Islam in Southeast Asia: Post-9/11 and Bali Bombings Perspectives

Sadiq Reza (United States) Spring 2005 Associate Professor, New York Law School Research Topic: Islam’s Fourth Amendment

Arif A. Jamal (Canada / United Kingdom) PhD candidate, University College London, United Kingdom Research Topic: A New Framework for Accommodating Religiosity and Secularism in Muslim Societies

Kristen Stilt (United States) PhD candidate, History and Middle Eastern Studies, Harvard University Topic: Crimes and Punishments in Mamlūk Egypt

Selma Zecevic (United States) Ph.D. candidate, Middle East and Asian Languages and Cultures, Columbia University Research Topic: Women on the Margins of Legal Texts: Gender and Hermeneutics in Late Ottoman Bosnia

Hassan Abbas (Pakistan) Independent Scholar Research Topic: Interpretations of Jihād

Nicolas Hardy (France) Ph.D. candidate, Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales Research Topic: Legal Reasoning Used to Create Alternative Financial Instruments in Islamic Banking

Laya Joneydi (Iran) Associate Professor of Private Law, University of Tehran Research Topic: A Comparative Study of Commercial Arbitration in Islamic Law and Other Major Contemporary Legal Systems

Mohsen Kadivar (Iran) Summer  2002 Professor of Philosophy, Tarbiat Modares University Research Topic: Islamic Theology and Philosophy; Political and Legal Thought in Islam

Jeff Redding (United States) Independent Scholar Research Topic: The Islamization of Laws and Legal Systems Process in Pakistan

Yudian Wahyudi (Canadan / Indonesia) [September 2002 – June 2004] Post-doctoral Scholar, McGill University, Canada Research Topic: The Problem of Psychologism in Qur’anic Legal Hermeneutics; Sharīʿa and State in Egypt, Morocco, and Indonesia: Intellectual Responses

Muhammad al-Atawneh (Israel) Ben Gurion University, Israel Research Topic: Fatwās and Iftāʾ in Saudi Arabia

Zoila Combalia (Spain) Fall 2001 Professor of Law, University of Saragossa Research Topic: Legal Pluralism

Eyyup Sait Kaya (Turkey) Post-doctoral Fellow, Marmara University Research Topic: Intra-Madhhabic Reasoning during the Formative Period in Ḥanafī Scholarship

Richard Freeland (United Kingdom) Fall 2000 Barrister, Legal Journalist Research Topic: The Treatment of Islamic Law in American Courts

Birgit Krawietz (Germany) Lecturer, University of Tübingen Research Topic: Demons (jinn) as Co-Creatures of Human Beings in Islamic Culture

Nejdet Ertug (Turkey) Assistant Professor, Sakarya University Research Topic: Istanbul Court Records

Elizabeth Sartain (United Kingdom) Fall 1999 Associate Professor of Arabic Studies, American University Cairo Topic: The Role of “Man-Made” Law (’urf) in Islamic Government

Abdullah S. Al-Ghamdi (Saudi Arabia) Legal Advisor, Ministry of Petroleum and Mineral Resources, Saudi Arabia Research Topic: Crimes against the Environment in Islamic Jurisprudence

Muhammad A. Sid-Ahmad (Malaysia / Sudan) Professor, International Islamic University Malaysia Research Topic: Women’s Testimony in Islamic Law of Evidence: New Perspectives

Abdul Rahim al-Saati (Saudi Arabia) November 1998–August 1999 Deputy Director, Center for Research in Islamic Economics, King Abdulaziz University Research Topic: Risk Management in Islamic Financial Investment

Wan Mohd. Nazri Wan Osman (Malaysia) Spring 1999 Senior Legal Officer, Bank Negara Research Topic: Identifying Insurance Services Consistent with Principles of Shari’a

Tayeb Ahmed Dajani (Kuwait / Palestine) Fall 1997 Head, Islamic Banking Department, National Bank of Kuwait Research Topic: Theoretical and Applied Aspects of Shari’a-Compatible Financial Instruments    

Mohammad Yusuf Siddiq (Bangladesh) Professor, Islamic University, Bangladesh Research Topic: Commercial Law and Contractual Relations in Muslim Bengal from 1205–1707

Aron Zysow (United States) Independent Scholar Research Topic: Problems in the History of Islamic Legal Theory

Gouhar Bilal (Pakistan) May 1998 – January 1999 Faisal Bank, Ltd. Research Topic: Islamic Tradable Instruments

Mehmet Akif Aydin (Turkey) Professor, Marmara University Research Topic: Codification of Islamic Law in the Ottoman State and its Effects on Other Muslim Countries

Dr. Ezzat Mohammed Aly El-Behiry (Egypt) Assistant Lecturer, Faculty of Law and Shari`a of Al-Azhar University Research Topic: A Comparative Study of Islamic Law and the Principles of International Commercial Contracts in Accordance with Lex Mercatoria Rules

Fatimah Binta Iliasu (Nigeria) Professor, Bayero University in Kano Research Topic: The Marriage Contract in Islam

Dr. Nik Norzrul Thani bin Nik Hassan Thani (Malaysia) Assistant Professor of Law, International Islamic University Research Topic: The Supervision of Islamic Financial Institutions in Malaysia

Raphael Abiem (Sudan) Spring 1997 Research Topic: Women: Barometers of Human Rights in Islam

Grace Samaha (Lebanon / United States)

Attorney, New York and Lebanon Research Topic: Islamic and Arab Contract Law

Imran Nyazee (Pakistan

[February–October 1996] Professor of Law, Faculty of Shari’ah and Law, International Islamic University Research Topic: The Modern Corporation and Islamic Law

Hanif Al-Qassimi (U.A.E.)

Spring 1996 Associate Professor, United Arab Emirates University Research Topic: A Comparative Analysis of Islamic Law as Taught at Harvard Law School and at the United Arab Emirates University

Ghulam Saqlain Masoodi (India)

Senior lecturer, university of jammu.

Research Topic: Jinayet (Tort) in Islamic and English Laws – Parallels and Distinctive Features

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