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Feature: The Best International Relations Schools in the World

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The Best IR Schools in the World :

• Undergraduate

The Best International Relations Schools in the World

Read the newest rankings: Top International Rankings Schools of 2024, Ranked

Foreign Policy magazine, in collaboration with the Teaching, Research, and International Policy ( TRIP ) project at the College of William & Mary, is pleased to present the results of the 2018 Ivory Tower survey. The survey provides a snapshot of how top international relations scholars assess their discipline at a moment when the liberal international order — overseen by a U.S. president with little evident attachment to it — is in unprecedented flux.

Responses from 1,541 IR scholars at U.S. colleges and universities determined rankings for their field’s leading Ph.D., terminal master’s, and undergraduate programs. The scholars were asked to list the top five institutions in each category, and the percentages below reflect the portion of respondents who listed that school.

The survey is accompanied by two essays that address whether IR is in a state of existential crisis. Can IR help policymakers respond to President Donald Trump and other global challenges that they failed to predict? Francis Gavin, the director of the Henry A. Kissinger Center for Global Affairs at the Johns Hopkins School of Advanced International Studies, argues that the field of IR’s greatest strength is its adaptability and that other university departments would be wise to take their cues from schools of international affairs. Stephen Walt, a professor at the Harvard Kennedy School and columnist for FP , suggests that IR scholars have more work to do to get their own house in order before advising diplomats on how to do the same.

Illustration by Peter and Maria Hoey for Foreign Policy

Top U.S. Undergraduate Institutions to Study International Relations

• 1. Harvard University 51.10%
• 2. Princeton University 49.14%
• 3. Stanford University 41.67%
• 4. Georgetown University 39.46%
• 5. Columbia University 32.97%
• 6. Yale University 21.08%
• 7. University of Chicago 20.96%
• 8. George Washington University 17.40%
• 9. American University 15.20%
• 10. University of California—Berkeley 11.64%
• 11. University of California—San Diego 9.68%
• 12. Dartmouth College 9.56%
• 13. Tufts University 9.07%
• 14. University of Michigan 8.58%
• 15. Johns Hopkins University 7.23%
• 16. College of William & Mary 6.86%
• 17. Massachusetts Institute of Technology 6.37%
• 18. Cornell University 5.76%
• 19. University of Pennsylvania 4.53%
• 19. Ohio State University 4.53%
• 21. Williams College 3.68%
• 22. Brown University 3.31%
• 23. University of Virginia 3.19%
• 24. Swarthmore College 3.06%
• 24. University of California—Los Angeles 3.06%
• 26. Duke University 2.94%
• 27. New York University 2.82%
• 28. Middlebury College 2.57%
• 29. University of Denver 2.33%
• 30. University of Southern California 2.21%
• 30. Wellesley College 2.21%
• 32. University of Notre Dame 1.96%
• 33. Pomona College 1.72%
• 34. University of Texas—Austin 1.59%
• 34. University of Wisconsin 1.59%
• 36. University of Washington 1.47%
• 37. Amherst College 1.35%
• 37. Macalester College 1.35%
• 37. University of Minnesota 1.35%
• 40. Syracuse University 1.23%
• 41. Boston University 1.10%
• 42. Brigham Young University 0.98%
• 42. Michigan State Univeristy 0.98%
• 42. University of Florida 0.98%
• 42. Vassar College 0.98%
• 46. Claremont McKenna College 0.86%
• 46. Emory University 0.86%
• 46. London School of Economics 0.86%
• 46. University of North Carolina—Chapel Hill 0.86%
• 50. Oberlin College 0.74%
• 50. Pennsylvania State University—University Park 0.74%
• 50. University of Colorado 0.74%

America’s IR Schools Are Broken

There’s a lot of innovation on the surface, but the rot runs deep. Here’s how to fix it.

Stephen M. Walt

Top Master's Programs for Policy Career in International Relations

• 1. Georgetown University 60.53%
• 2. Harvard University 49.43%
• 3. Johns Hopkins University 48.30%
• 4. Princeton University 37.58%
• 5. Columbia University 37.45%
• 6. Tufts University 30.90%
• 7. George Washington University 29.38%
• 8. American University 21.06%
• 9. London School of Economics 18.16%
• 10. University of Chicago 13.75%
• 11. Stanford University 9.08%
• 12. University of Oxford 8.07%
• 13. Yale University 7.82%
• 14. University of Denver 7.31%
• 15. University of California—San Diego 5.42%
• 16. Syracuse University 4.67%
• 17. University of Cambridge 3.78%
• 18. Massachusetts Institute of Technology 3.28%
• 18. University of Michigan 3.28%
• 20. University of California—Berkeley 2.40%
• 20. University of Pittsburgh 2.40%
• 22. New York University 2.14%
• 22. Sciences Po—Paris 2.14%
• 24. Duke University 1.77%
• 25. School of Oriental and African Studies 1.51%
• 26. King’s College London 1.39%
• 26. Texas A&M University 1.39%
• 28. Cornell University 1.26%
• 29. University of Virginia 1.13%
• 29. Graduate Inst. of Int’l and Dev. Studies 1.13%
• 31. University of California—Los Angeles 1.01%
• 31. University of Texas 1.01%
• 33. Middlebury Institute of Int’l Studies at Monterey 0.88%
• 33. University of Sussex 0.88%
• 33. University of Washington 0.88%
• 36. Carleton University 0.63%
• 36. George Mason University 0.63%
• 36. University of St. Andrews 0.63%
• 39. Florida International University 0.50%
• 39. Indiana University 0.50%
• 39. University of Maryland 0.50%
• 39. University of Notre Dame 0.50%
• 39. Ohio State University 0.50%
• 44. Aberystwyth University 0.38%
• 44. Arizona State University 0.38%
• 44. Boston University 0.38%
• 44. Georgia Institute of Technology 0.38%
• 44. Northeastern University 0.38%
• 44. University of Kent 0.38%
• 44. University of Southern California 0.38%
• 44. University of Toronto—Downtown Toronto 0.38%

It’s Never Been a Better Time to Study IR:

Donald Trump has changed the world — and some people will understand it better than others.

Francis J. Gavin

Top Ph.D. Programs for Academic Career in International Relations

• 1. Harvard University 68.13%
• 2. Princeton University 60.78%
• 3. Stanford University 57.35%
• 4. Columbia University 39.45%
• 5. University of Chicago 27.61%
• 6. Yale University 25.83%
• 7. University of California—San Diego 21.45%
• 8. Massachusetts Institute of Technology 19.19%
• 9. University of Michigan 14.45%
• 10. University of California—Berkeley 14.34%
• 11. Georgetown University 10.66%
• 12. University of Oxford 10.55%
• 13. Cornell University 7.82%
• 14. London School of Economics 7.58%
• 15. Ohio State University 6.99%
• 16. Johns Hopkins University 5.69%
• 17. George Washington University 5.09%
• 18. University of Cambridge 4.98%
• 19. American University 4.50%
• 20. Duke University 3.91%
• 21. New York University 3.32%
• 22. Tufts University 2.96%
• 22. University of Minnesota 2.96%
• 24. University of Wisconsin—Madison 2.84%
• 25. University of California—Los Angeles 2.61%
• 26. University of Rochester 2.25%
• 27. University of Pennsylvania 2.13%
• 28. Brown University 1.66%
• 29. Emory University 1.30%
• 29. University of Texas 1.30%
• 31. University of Virginia 1.18%
• 32. Aberystwyth University 1.07%
• 32. Pennsylvania State University 1.07%
• 34. University of Denver 0.83%
• 35. Northwestern University 0.71%
• 35. School of Oriental and African Studies 0.71%
• 35. University of Maryland 0.71%
• 35. University of Sussex 0.71%
• 35. Sciences Po—Paris 0.71%
• 40. Texas A&M University 0.59%
• 40. University of Southern California 0.59%
• 40. University of Washington 0.59%
• 43. Australian National University 0.47%
• 43. King’s College London 0.47%
• 43. Syracuse University 0.47%
• 43. University of North Carolina—Chapel Hill 0.47%
• 47. George Mason University 0.36%
• 47. Rice University 0.36%
• 47. University of Arizona 0.36%
• 47. University of Edinburgh 0.36%
• 47. University of Georgia 0.36%
• 47. University of Iowa 0.36%
• 47. University of Toronto—Downtown Toronto 0.36%
• 47. Graduate Institute of Intl. and Development Studies 0.36%

The Teaching, Research, and International Policy project is supported by the Carnegie Corporation of New York .

SAIS is #2 in Latest Foreign Policy Rankings

Kenyan president speaks at sais during state visit, usaid administrator samantha power speaks at the hopkins bloomberg center, secretary of state antony j. blinken delivers brzezinski lecture at sais, how will you shape the future.

There has never been a more exciting time to study international relations at a graduate school with a proven reputation for producing influential, innovative, and accomplished graduates.

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Washington, D.C. provides an excellent setting for the study of international relations, offering access to influential thought leaders, policymakers, and media organizations that drive public discourse on global issues.

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Bologna, Italy offers a strategic gateway to the rest of Europe and to neighboring regions such as North Africa and the Middle East.

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Hopkins-Nanjing Center students form lasting ties and extensive networks to support one another throughout their careers.

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You are here: American University School of International Service Doctor of Philosophy International Relations

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Expertise, rigor, & excellence

The challenges currently facing our world are numerous and varied. Successfully handling these issues requires the brightest and best-trained minds. The School of International Service's (SIS) PhD in International Relations provides qualified and dedicated students with the training, knowledge, and experience necessary to pursue careers in the scholarly and policy worlds and to contribute game-changing solutions in international affairs as emerging thought leaders.

With its large and diverse faculty, SIS offers a broad, interdisciplinary, and policy-relevant approach to the study of international affairs. We value theoretical diversity, intellectual breadth, analytical rigor, and scholarly excellence. SIS is committed to maintaining, both among its faculty and within its doctoral program, the expertise needed for the rigorous analysis of critical issues in international affairs.

The PhD program requires 39 credit hours of approved graduate coursework, plus the successful defense of a dissertation. The first year is devoted to core courses and methods training. In the second year, students complete a field concentration.

Students must also successfully complete two comprehensive exams - a qualifying exam at the end of their first year and a concentration comp at the end of the second year. Students are also asked to demonstrate competency in a modern foreign language .

The dissertation must advance knowledge in the field of international relations, broadly defined. Students select and design their own research project in consultation with a committee of at least three experts in their chosen field of study. Students advance to candidacy upon the successful defense of a dissertation prospectus, usually in their third year. A public defense of the dissertation is required for graduation.

The PhD degree Full degree and admission requirements

SIS has more than 120 full-time faculty from across the social sciences, including anthropology, economics, geography, law, political science, and sociology. Our faculty research and write on a variety of geographic and intellectual areas; many have extensive experience in the public and private sectors, both in the United States and internationally.  

SIS PhD students use rigorous training in both qualitative and quantitative methods to pursue a variety of research topics including:

• The sources of cohesion in alliance relations.
• The interaction between state and local fisheries management practices in Uganda and how this effects compliance and legitimacy.
• The role of public diplomacy in US-China relations.
• Transitional justice and its relationship to governance in Poland.

Unless students bring their own external funding, normally those admitted to the program are offered a Dean's Fellowship, which is renewable for up to four years for full-time students who maintain good progress toward completing the degree. The Dean's Fellowship provides full tuition remission plus a stipend that requires the student to work for a member of the SIS faculty as a either a Research or a Teaching Assistant for a maximum of 20 hours per week during both the Fall and Spring semesters.

Other sources of funding are available for summer research, travel for conference presentations, and additional methods training.

PhD Placements

SIS PhD Alumni hold appointments at top schools and organizations, including:

• Georgetown University
• University of Warwick, Britain
• Fudan University, China
• Towson University

More PhD placements

Challenging Oppressive Hierarchies

K. Melchor Hall, SIS/PHD '14

Doctoral Faculty, Fielding Graduate University

At SIS, I was transdisciplinary, challenging boundaries of borrowed traditions.

I lived in Chocolate City before attending SIS, the experience deepened my understanding of the layering of cartographies of struggle and imperial maps. It was both disorienting and transformative to arrive where I started and find myself un-mapped. Studying international relations has deepened my commitment to challenging the oppressive hierarchies of Borderlands.

Frequently Asked Questions

When should i apply and when are the application deadlines.

In order to be considered for admission, applications and all supporting materials are due by December 15. New students begin in the fall semester. The program is designed for full-time study only and is not offered online. Students may not defer admission into the program.

View required application materials

Where will a PhD from the School of International Service take me?

Our graduates go on to careers in university teaching and research, government, and non-government organizations in the United States as well as around the globe.

Recent PhD program graduates are now on the faculty at a wide range of colleges and universities, including Virginia Tech, the University of Warwick, and the University of Denver. Graduates also hold government and industry positions, including with the U.S. Department of Commerce and the U.S. Foreign Service.

Looking for more information or help? The SIS PhD has a dedicated placement officer to assist current students and alumni.

Is there financial assistance available?

Applicants who are admitted to the SIS PhD program as full-time students and who maintain good progress towards completing the degree are granted a Dean's Fellowship, unless they have their own external funding.

Need-based aid is available through AU Central Office and generally takes the form of a federal low-interest loan package.

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Doctoral Programs

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You see today's most compelling global issues as complex, interrelated, and urgent. You believe that fresh ideas—and research to carry them through—are critical to building stronger communities and a more just world.

In collaboration with the  Harvard Kenneth C. Griffin Graduate School of Arts and Sciences  (Harvard Griffin GSAS),  Harvard Kennedy School immerses you in rigorous learning that bridges academic disciplines and draws from leading faculties across the university’s graduate schools. When you pursue a doctoral degree at HKS, you are among extraordinarily bright minds, you’ll work with committed faculty members who are leaders in their fields, and you’ll have unparalleled access to resources across Harvard University.

Prepare yourself for a career in academia or policymaking that demands advanced knowledge of economics, political science, and social policy. Translate your ideas into action that can untangle our world’s unprecedented challenges. Join us.

The 7 Best Countries for Grad School Abroad in 2024

Considering where to go abroad for graduate school in 2024 here are some of the best countries for graduate students across the globe, from ireland to new zealand..

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You've finally decided: it's time for grad school. Maybe you've been out of school for a few years or are a current undergrad and know that graduate school is a necessary step in your academic and professional career. Whatever the reason, graduate school is one of the few times you are completely in charge of choosing a school, deciding where to go, and making it all happen. Unlike in the past, your parents, career counselors, and classmates may all be less involved in this process. That's okay though -- it should feel exciting!

When I decided to enroll in grad school, I decided to go abroad to do it. I researched business schools in my favorite destination: London, England. I enrolled in a multi-country school that would allow me to explore England as well as a few other destinations during my year-long program.

As you try and decide which graduate program to enroll in, you can also consider where you want to enroll. This post will break down some of the best countries to get a master's degree or doctorate to help you open your mind to the world of opportunities out there -- and inspire you to make your grad school abroad experience even more impactful.

How did we pick these locations?

Best for easy transition

🏠 Average monthly cost of living excluding rent : $1,250 (£1,100) 💰 Average master's degree tuition : $2,499 (1,985£)

England is one of the most popular places for grad school abroad, in part because so much about the experience is simple: they speak English, the culture is similar enough to feel like home quickly, and the academic system is also similar to the systems in North America -- making it easy to navigate all the steps from application to graduation.

If you decide England is the right country for you to do grad school abroad, don't forget to look beyond London. There are amazing programs in cities like Manchester, Liverpool, and even Brighton on the southern coast.

Here are some inspiring grad programs in England to consider:

• The University of West London has a study abroad program that includes graduate programs.
• The University of Roehampton is an excellent example of the kinds of great postgrad programs you can find outside London, too.
• International Business Seminars have several graduate programs in London.

Best for low cost student life

🏠 Average monthly cost of living : $1,294 (€1,200) 💰 Average master's degree tuition in public university : $4,315 (€4,000)

Spain might seem like a surprising grad study destination based on the criteria mentioned for England: the native language is Spanish, the culture is definitely different (and exciting), and the academic systems are totally unique compared to those you might be familiar with. Despite that -- or perhaps because of it -- graduate students flock to Spain each year.

The chance to immerse yourself in a foreign country and culture while pursuing a graduate degree -- which will likely be taught in part or fully in English, helping overcome the language barrier -- is why Spain is so popular as a destination for students of all levels.

Let these grad programs in Spain inspire you:

• You can learn and teach in Spain as part of this postgrad partnership between Instituto Franklin and the University of Alabama Huntsville .
• If foreign languages are what you love about the idea of doing your grad program in Spain, consider this Masters in Teaching Spanish as a Foreign Language program.
• The postgraduate diploma in International Marketing from the Graduate School of Management in Barcelona will set you up for a global business career.

Best for art and design degrees

🏠 Average monthly cost of living : $1734 (1,608€) 💰 Average master's degree tuition : $4,000 (4,000€)

Italy, like Spain, draws postgrads who are up for a deep cultural immersion in the one- to three-year programs that most grad students will undertake. Just imagine walking from class to your apartment through Rome's historic streets, taking weekend trips to Venice and Naples, or setting up a little extracurricular activity to try all the different types of pizza across the country.

Italy also has some unique opportunities for grad students in specific professional areas such as design and architecture, in addition to more traditional ones. If you're up for the adventure of mastering la vita dolce while studying and thesis-writing, Italy might be perfect for you.

Use these graduate programs in Italy to jump-start your program research:

• Often overlooked for other Italian cities, consider pursuing your Masters in Milan with SAI Programs .
• Amp up your MBA with a specialization in Luxury Management from the Swiss School of Management in Rome.
• For something out of left field, culture lovers can't deny the appeal of this Postgraduate Art Crime & Cultural Heritage Protection program .

Best for affordable degree programs

🏠 Average monthly cost of living : $1,905 (1,766€) 💰 Average master's degree tuition : $300 (300€)

France is one of the world's most popular study abroad destinations for undergraduates -- so it's no surprise that it's on the list for graduate students too! Students love France for its affordable degree programs with graduate degree tuition averaging around $300 a year! And no, there are no missing zeroes there.

Paris draws most of the appeal and applications, but there are amazing destinations and universities across the country where you can spend the duration of your postgraduate program. You'll also save on the cost of living outside of the capital which can be extremely expensive for housing.

With a dynamic history throughout most of medieval and modern history, you can enroll in master's and doctoral programs in France, in just about any subject you want to study and the number of graduate degrees in English continues to grow. Oh, and you'll get to enjoy fresh baguettes and affordable delicious wine on the weekends -- further proof that the quality of life is just that good in France.

Start your search with these graduate programs in France:

• International MBAs are increasingly popular, and a MBA in International Strategy will set you up for a global career.
• Brush up on your diplomacy and pursue an international career after earning your Masters in International Relations & Diplomacy .
• If you want to be on the cutting edge, this MSc in Natural Language Processing and Data Science will put you in high demand after graduation.

Best for business degrees

🏠 Average monthly cost of living : $1,705 (1,581€) 💰 Average master's degree tuition : $1,500 (1,500€)

Germany is a great option for students who are looking for a wide range of degrees in English in Europe. As a leading player in many of the world's markets and industries, you have a huge opportunity to level up in the 21st-century job marketplace by enrolling in grad school in Germany. There are also many opportunities for scholarships for study in Germany through DAAD .

Germany is more than just Berlin and Munich. You can find fabulous universities across Germany -- and great degrees outside of the business world, too.

Start your search these postgrad programs in Germany:

• You can complete your MBA in English thanks to the programs offered by the Ludwigshafen University of Business and Society .
• Explore the variet of master's programs at University of Würzburg .
• International Business Seminars offers a summer MBA conducted in English in both Germany and the Czech Republic.

Best for health-related

🏠 Average monthly cost of living : $2,265 (2,100€) 💰 Average master's degree tuition : $19,000 (19,000€)

If you didn't already know, the team at Go Overseas loves Ireland as a destination for international students. So much so that they've given away several full-tuition scholarships over the years. It's hard not to be enthusiastic about a destination where you can study in English, enjoy a lower cost of school and living, and enjoy the famed Irish hospitality.

Ireland is a great place for graduate students too because you have a wide range of programs to choose from; there are posts here on Go Overseas about the most popular and most unique masters programs on the Emerald Isle. Many students though choose to study health-related degrees in Ireland like medicine, veterinary medicine, and occupational therapy because they're accredited in the US (meaning you can come home and practice!) -- and a fraction of the cost.

Let these top universities guide your postgrad research in Ireland:

• You could choose to enroll at Trinity College Dublin in the popular, bustling capital city.
• Head to the southern coast to study at University College Cork .
• Choose a program at NUI Galway along Ireland's Wild Atlantic Way.

7. New Zealand

Best for nature lovers

🏠 Average monthly cost of living : $1,819 (NZ$2,950) 💰 Average master's degree tuition : $21,000 (NZ$36,000)

The Go Overseas team also loves New Zealand, another country where they've given away scholarships for students to study for free. Like Ireland, New Zealand is a fantastic destination for international students with globally renowned universities and Kiwi hospitality.

For graduate students considering New Zealand, there's plenty to draw you: you can choose from a huge range of programs at universities in cities across the North and South Islands. For extracurriculars, you can enjoy New Zealand's fabulous outdoor adventure and scenery, learn about indigenous Māori culture, sip your way through wine tastings, or see the southern lights.

Read more : Why You Should Pursue Your Graduate Degree in New Zealand

Check out graduate programs at these popular universities in New Zealand:

• The University of Wellington offers a huge range of program options in the country's capital.
• The University of Auckland is another great option, in New Zealand's biggest city.
• There are plenty of specific, unique program options too, like the Master of Marine Conservation offered by Victoria University of Wellington

Pursue your graduate degree abroad in 2024

Beyond these seven countries, there are obviously many other great destinations for graduate students. Some that didn't make the list but might call out to you include Australia, Scotland, and even Canada! Oh, and don't forget there are also multi-country postgrad programs where you can study in more than one country during the course of your graduate program abroad . Score!

Whichever country you choose in 2024, your graduate degree will help you take the next step in your career and life. Research programs, make your choice wisely, and enjoy the adventure to come.

Don't stop your research here! Check out more grad school abroad resources :

• Why & How to Earn a Graduate Degree Abroad
• How to Apply to Grad Schools in Europe as an American
• The Pros & Cons of Earning a Graduate Degree Abroad

Keep on Reading

How to Apply for DAAD Scholarships to Study Abroad in Germany

The 6 Best Universities in Sweden for International Students

10 Reasons to Enroll in Grad School Abroad

11 One-of-a-Kind Masters Degree Programs in Ireland

Master's Degrees in Ireland: All You Need to Know

The 12 Most Popular Masters Programs in Ireland

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International educational development, master of science in education (m.s.ed.), you are here, a master’s program that prepares you to work in international educational contexts and promote global equity. .

The International Educational Development master's program (IEDP) prepares students with distinctive skills for working in the field of education in developing and marginalized contexts worldwide. A key element is our international internship, where students gain on-the-ground experience in educational development.

What Sets Us Apart

About the program.

Working in the field of educational development in the 21st century requires an understanding of the complex interrelationships between local and global political, economic, and cultural dynamics. In the International Educational Development program, you will draw on the program’s strong interdisciplinary foundations to examine the interplay of these dynamics and their impact on education systems that serve politically and economically marginalized populations worldwide.

Fall: 4 courses; Spring: 4 courses; Summer: internship; Fall: 2 courses

Research apprenticeship minimum  420 hour international internship

Culminating experience  Portfolio

Duration of master’s program 12-20 months full-time; 2 years part-time

Dual degree options

• Master of Social Work (MSW)
• M.S. in Nonprofit Leadership
• Master of Public Administration (MPA)
• Master of Public Health (MPH)

Accelerated Program Juniors and seniors at Penn can apply to up to 3 IEDP courses through our Accelerated Bachelor's to Master's Program . 

The International Educational Development Program (IEDP) provides students with unique skills, knowledge, and qualities in the field of international educational development, with a special focus on low and middle-income countries. This is a field that requires strong interdisciplinary foundations, and the program focuses not only on education, but also on the interplay of politics, economics, and culture. Students examine issues such as:

• early childhood education
• human rights
• language policy
• learning and instruction
• non-profit leadership and management
• data collection and analysis
• public health
• teacher professional development and curriculum design
• technology for development

IEDP’s immersive international internship experience allows students to apply their academic knowledge to policy and practice, as they conduct hands-on, on-the-ground work with organizations such as UNESCO, UNICEF, the Aga Khan Foundation, the Research Triangle Institute, and other organizations.

If you face any barriers to applying for the program please contact Lauren Scicluna, [email protected] . 

Program Highlights

The International Educational Development program is among the best international educational development programs in the world, while Penn Graduate School of Education is a top-ranked Graduate School of Education by  US News and World Report . Here are some of our program’s highlights: 

Flexibility

The program requires three core classes, two methods courses, two thematic, and three electives, and provides qualified students with the opportunity for an immersive 420-hour internship experience.

Ivy League Opportunity

Students find the program to be an excellent blend of theory, research, skill-building, and practice.

Interdisciplinary

We encourage students to take classes not just at Penn GSE, but across the university – such as in the Wharton School, the School of Social Policy and Practice, and Penn Law.

Real-World Practice 

The IEDP international internship provides a real-world para-professional experience that blends theory with practice, with UN agencies such as UNESCO and UNICEF, and major NGOs, such as Room to Read and the Agha Khan Foundation. Unlike other international education programs, we work individually with all of our students to place them in a position and provide a $3,150 international internship grant (plus additional supplemental funds based on location.) Internships are individualized for each student and allow students to decide which region, location, duration (minimum of 420 hours), and format (in-person, hybrid, remote.) In addition, several courses employ real-world simulations.

Students move through the program as part of a talented, global, and intimate cohort of an average of 35 students. IEDP courses are commonly 16 to 20 students maximum, with the only large class being all cohort courses of EDUC6480 and EDUC6482. Our students truly get to know their peers, their faculty, and the staff.

• Perspective

The International Educational Development Program Speaker Series gives students direct access to leaders in international educational development and provides opportunities to learn about the cutting-edge global issues. Recent speakers have come from the World Bank, UNICEF, UNESCO, and other leading organizations.

Penn Global Connections

Our program partners with six global research centers on Penn’s campus: Perry World House, Center for Africana Studies, South Asia Center, Middle East Center, Center for Latin American and Latinx Studies, Center for East Asia, the Center for the Study of Contemporary China, and the Center of the Advancement of India (CASI), as well as over 20 international partners.

Curriculum for the Master’s Program

Our master’s degree program offers a campus-wide interdisciplinary experience. In consultation with a faculty advisor, IEDP students take three required foundational courses and two research methods courses. The remaining five courses include two thematic elective courses and another three electives that can be taken from a wide variety of courses in Penn GSE and from across the University of Pennsylvania (as in the Sample Course listing below). The program culminates in a robust international field/experience internship for eligible students, and a professional, performance-based portfolio. Internship/field experiences are unpaid, but students may be eligible for travel or living expense grants.

For information on courses and requirements, visit the  International Educational Development M.S.Ed. program in the University Catalog .

Sample Courses  

Core courses.

• Inter/National Development and Education
• International Educational Development in Practice: Tools, Techniques and Ethics
• Proseminar in International Education Development

Research Methods Courses

Methods courses prepare students in both the practical and theoretical implications of collecting, interpreting, analyzing, and presenting data on the human condition broadly—and education/learning in particular. Students are required to take one qualitative and one quantitative methods course. Options include (but are not limited to) courses such as:

• Principles of Monitoring and Evaluation in International Educational Development
• Advanced Topics in Monitoring & Evaluation in International Education Development
• Introductory Statistics for Educational Research
• Data Processing and Analysis
• Regression & Analysis of Variance
• Social and Statistical Network Analysis
• Quasi Experimental Design
• Qualitative Methods: Principles and Techniques
• Ethnographic Filmmaking
• Advanced Qualitative and Case Study Research
• Ethnographic Research Methods

IEDP Thematic  Electives Courses

IEDP thematic courses build on and extend the foundation built in core courses around particular, specialized areas. These should be IEDP courses taught by IEDP core faculty, that also prepare students for professional paths into the field. Students are required to select two thematic courses during their course of study.

• Migration, Displacement and Education
• Policy Planning in International Educational Development: Theory and Practice
• Systems Thinking for International Development and Educational Change
• Information & Communication Technologies for Education and Development in Global
• Global Governance & Cooperation: International Education Policy & Practice
• Curriculum & Pedagogy in International Contexts
• Anthropology and Education
• Risk, Resilience, & Prevention Science
• International Early Childhood Policies and Programs
• Global Perspectives on School Climate
• Economics of Education in Developing Countries
• Global Citizenship

Elective Courses

In a conference with a faculty advisor, students are encouraged to identify graduate-level courses, 5000 or above, that align with their planned program of study from across the university. As such, electives may be taken in other programs in the Graduate School of Education, or from programs across the University of Pennsylvania. Students are required to select three elective courses during their course of study. 

Program of Study

Our recommended course of study is to complete the program in 1.5 years beginning in August and graduating the following December (fall, spring, summer, and fall.) This allows students to build relationships with faculty and make the most of their time at Penn. We also offer an expedited intensive program of study option  beginning in August and graduating in August of the next year (fall, spring, summer). Students hoping to pursue a two-year, 20-month, program of study can also pursue a program of study beginning in August and graduating the following May (fall, spring, summer, fall spring), but please reach out directly to the program staff for advisement on this possibility. Part-time student enrollment is also possible with varying durations of programs specific to each student’s needs. Students are expected to work closely with their advisor in planning their course of study.

Funding Opportunities

In addition to the funding opportunities available to students applying to any of our master’s degree programs, the following opportunities are available specifically for students applying to the   International Educational Development program.

Penn GSE-UNESCO Fellowship

For students, including international students, who are looking for ways to support their education, learn more about scholarships and fellowships at  Penn GSE Funding Opportunities and  External Funding Opportunities. In addition to these options, the program has an internal fellowship program—the Penn GSE-UNESCO Fellowship for Development Country Scholars.

Overview : Penn GSE offers up to two full tuition International Fellowships under the Penn GSE–UNESCO Chair, founded in 2012. This Fellowship, under the auspices of the International Educational Development program, is designed to support promising professionals devoted to international education in the developing world.

Award:  The Fellowship covers all Penn tuition (up to 10-course units) associated with the master’s degree program of study. The Fellowship does not cover other costs associated with attending graduate school, such as room and board, books, health insurance, travel, etc.

Eligibility:  Priority will be given to applicants who are citizens of countries defined by the World Bank as  low-income and lower-middle-income countries. Naturalized U.S. citizens and permanent residents who originate from low-income and lower-middle-income countries (i.e., were born in one of these countries and whose parents are not U.S. citizens) may also apply.

Application process:   In order to be considered for this scholarship you must submit your application to the International Educational Development, M.S.Ed. program and complete the section for the Penn GSE-UNESCO Fellowship by the priority deadline, February 1st 11:59 P.M. ET.

All applicants selected for the Fellowship program will be notified in their acceptance letter. Acceptance letters are typically sent by mid-March.

Past and Present UNESCO Fellows

Coverdell Fellowship

The  Paul D. Coverdell Fellowship program  provides a great opportunity for returned Peace Corps Volunteers to continue their service to underserved communities while also pursuing graduate studies at a reduced cost. This graduate fellowship program recognizes returning Peace Corps Volunteers and is a way to extend one’s relationship with the Peace Corps while being a student at the University of Pennsylvania.

In order to be considered for this scholarship you must submit your application to the International Educational Development, M.S.Ed. program by the priority deadline, February 1. Be sure to complete the question “Have you served in Peace Corps” in your application.

All applicants selected for the Fellowship program will be notified in their acceptance letter.

Committed to Making a Difference

Hear more from students and faculty in the International Educational Development Program. Improving lives at the bottom of the economic pyramid is hard. Every year, interns from our program work in organizations around the world to support their work educating families and transforming public health.

Our Faculty

Our Leadership Team

Ameena Ghaffar-Kucher, Ed.D. Director

Daniel A. Wagner, Ph.D. Founding Director & UNESCO Chair

Lauren Scicluna Program Manager

Affiliated Faculty

Asif Agha Professor of Anthropology, Penn Arts & Sciences Ph.D., University of Chicago

Sigal Ben-Porath MRMJJ Presidential Professor Ph.D., Tel Aviv University

Cristina Bicchieri S. J. Patterson Harvie Professor of Social Thought and Comparative Ethics, Department of Philosophy, Penn Arts & Sciences Ph.D., Cambridge University

Robert F. Boruch University Trustee Chair Professor of Education and Statistics Ph.D., Iowa State University

William Burke-White Richard Perry Professor and Inaugural Director, Perry World House, University of Pennsylvania Ph.D., Cambridge University 

Yuko Goto Butler Professor Ph.D., Stanford University

Alison M. Buttenheim Associate Professor of Nursing, Penn Nursing Ph.D., UCLA

Lee Cassanelli Associate Professor of History, Penn Arts & Sciences Ph.D., University of Wisconsin

Xinyin Chen Professor Ph.D., University of Waterloo

Eileen Doherty-Sil Faculty Director-CAP (Core & Africa general Program) Ph.D., University of California, Berkeley

Angela Duckworth Rosa Lee and Egbert Chang Professor, Penn Arts & Sciences Ph.D., University of Pennsylvania

Richard Estes Professor Emeritus of Social Work and Social Policy, Penn Social Policy & Practice D.S.W., University of California at Berkeley

Steven Feierman Professor of History Emeritus, Penn Arts & Sciences D.Phil., Oxford University and Ph.D., Northwestern University

Toorjo Ghose Associate Professor, Penn Social Policy & Practice Ph.D., UCLA

Manuel S. González Canché Professor Ph.D., University of Arizona

Guy Grossman Associate Professor, Penn Arts & Sciences Ph.D., Columbia University

Kathleen D. Hall Associate Professor of Education and Anthropology Ph.D., University of Chicago

Femida Handy Professor of Nonprofit Studies, Penn Social Policy & Practice Ph.D., York University, Canada

Emily Hannum Professor of Sociology and Education, School of Arts & Sciences Ph.D., University of Michigan 

Matthew Hartley Professor and Board of Advisors Chair of Education Ed.D., Harvard University

Nancy H. Hornberger Professor Emerita of Education Ph.D., University of Wisconsin-Madison

Mark Alan Hughes Professor of Practice in City and Regional Planning, PennDesign Ph.D., University of Pennsylvania

Carol McLaughlin Assistant Professor of Clinical Medicine, Infectious Disease, Perelman School of Medicine M.D., Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine

Neal Nathanson Emeritus Professor of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine M.D., Harvard University

Hyunjoon Park Korea Foundation Professor of Sociology, Penn Arts & Sciences Ph.D., University of Wisconsin, Madison

Laura W. Perna Vice Provost for Faculty Ph.D., University of Michigan

Jennifer A. Pinto-Martin Viola MacInnes/Independence Professor of Nursing Ph.D., University of California, Berkeley

Sharon M. Ravitch Professor of Practice Ph.D., University of Pennsylvania

Jennifer A. Riggan Associate Professor, Historical and Political Studies, Arcadia University Ph.D., University of Pennsylvania

Alan R. Ruby Senior Fellow Associateship, London Institute of Education

Lawrence Shulman Professor of Medicine, The Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania M.D., Harvard Medical School

Brian Spooner Professor of Anthropology, Penn Arts & Sciences D.Phil., Oxford University

Mike Useem William and Jacalyn Egan Professor of Management, The Wharton School Ph.D., Harvard University

Before the program I had one way of looking at problems—now I have a 360 degree view.

Priyamvada Tiwari 

Our graduates.

Our graduates have an enhanced understanding of the interplay of local, national, and international politics, policies, and priorities in a world of rapid educational change, and are able to critically read and persuasively communicate evidence-based knowledge to a diverse set of stakeholders.

Many graduates have followed their studies with internships and employment in a variety of international settings, as well as at public and private educational institutions. Others have gone on to pursue their doctoral studies.

Alumni Careers

• Early Childhood Development Specialist, Save the Children
• Education Advisor, UNICEF Myanmar
• Founder, Teach for Liberia
• Associate Program Management, Pratham Education Foundation
• Data Scientist, Philadelphia Mayor’s Office
• Research Assistant, UNICEF
• Associate Research Scientist, New York University
• Program Associate, Institute of International Education
• Research Assistant, Korean Education Development Institute, South Korea
• Researcher, Harvard University
• Sr. Resource Manager, MENA – International Rescue Committee
• Program Officer, UNESCO, Bangkok
• Junior Policy Analyst, OECD
• Program Manager, Earth Institute Center of Sustainable Development

Distinctive Skills

• Foundational knowledge of the history of international development institutions, their efforts, and their theoretical frameworks
• Disposition and ability to understand issues of educational policy and practice from a comparative and international perspective
• Enhanced understanding of the interplay of local, national, and international politics, policies, and priorities in the dynamics of educational change
• Quantitative and qualitative research and evaluation skills necessary for examining educational issues in cross-national contexts
• Preparation for reading critically and communicating evidence-based knowledge persuasively to a variety of stakeholders
• Internship experience that will foster the application of academic knowledge to policy and practice in the applied settings

Admissions & Financial Aid

Please visit our Admissions and Financial Aid pages for specific information on the application requirements , as well as information on tuition, fees, financial aid, scholarships, and fellowships.

Contact us if you have any questions about the program.

Graduate School of Education University of Pennsylvania 3700 Walnut Street Philadelphia, PA 19104 (215) 898-6415 [email protected] [email protected]

Lauren Scicluna Program Manager [email protected] (215) 898-5199

Please view information from our Admissions and Financial Aid Office for specific information on the cost of this program.

Penn GSE is committed to making your graduate education affordable, and we offer generous scholarships, fellowships, and assistantships. Many students—including international students—secure fellowships to help support their education.

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International educational development program (iedp) speaker series.

Penn GSE's International Educational Development M.S.Ed. Program  (IEDP) offers a year-long International Speakers Series that brings leaders from across the development spectrum. Over recent years, leaders have come from such...

International Internship Program

The international internship is the heart of the International Educational Development program. The internships are possible through partnerships with international agencies, international non-governmental organizations (NGOs), and universities.

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The Internship Experience

The internship is designed as a hands-on field experience (minimum of 420 hours) with an international organization involved in development work outside the U.S. Internships allow our students to apply what is learned in the classroom to a fieldwork experience. Internships are productive work opportunities, either in person or remotely, where our student interns come prepared with skills that match the position openings.

Our International Partners

Some of our partners include the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, Action Aid, and Save the Children. Many of these organizations have a commitment to addressing the  United Nations Sustainable Development Goals . Penn GSE is fortunate to have a special relationship with UNESCO – the only of its kind in the U.S. – that places our students in UNESCO offices around the world.

Our students have had a wide variety of international internship placements, including in Bosnia, Botswana, Brazil, Cambodia, Canada, Chile, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Ethiopia, Fiji, France, Germany, Ghana, Guatemala, Honduras, India, Ivory Coast, Jamaica, Jordan, Kenya, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Madagascar, Malawi, Morroco, Mozambique, Nepal, Nicaragua, People's Republic of China, Peru, Philippines, Rwanda, Samoa, Senegal, South Africa, Switzerland, Taiwan, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Uganda, and Zimbabwe.

Highlights from International Internships

“From June through October, I worked at the UNESCO Regional Office for Eastern Africa with a focus on sexual and gender-based violence. I participated in a policy retreat to rewrite the National Gender Policy on Education; I represented UNESCO at meetings of the Joint Programme for Gender Equality and Women’s Empowerment; and I worked with the International Association of Women in Radio and Television (IAWRT) to help plan the curriculum they used to train law enforcement. My internship gave me invaluable hands-on experience with research, composition, networking, policy, recruitment and outreach, planning, and budgeting.” ~KATELYN KNAPP, UNESCO, Nairobi, Kenya ‘14

“I interned at the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development in Paris, France. My main task was reviewing the Inclusive Innovation in Education survey and helping to draft a chapter for a report on inclusive innovations for government officials and innovation implementers. Throughout my time at the OECD, I was encouraged to attend forums, meetings, and conferences. I had a chance to hear from former Vice President Al Gore on environmental sustainability, U.S. Secretary of Education Arne Duncan on education policy, and the OECD Secretary General. This was an amazing opportunity.” ~ADAM ROTH-SAKS, OECD Center for Educational Research and Innovation, Paris, France '14

“I interned with the Aga Khan Foundation in Tanzania. AKF has introduced Reading to Learn, a methodology to strengthen English and Kiswahili literacy instruction in primary schools throughout Southern Tanzania. I was based in both Dar es Salaam and Lindi, where I completed a qualitative research study, conducted focus groups, and participated in workshops, in order to provide AKF with recommendations for the adaptation, implementation, and sustainability of Communities of Practice in primary schools in Southern Tanzania.” ~LAURA CONRAD, Aga Khan Foundation, Tanzania '14

Internship Opportunity

To prepare for the internship, two sequential courses must be taken. In the fall, students must enroll in EDUC6480 International Educational Development in Practice: Tools, Techniques, and Ethics and the corresponding recitation. In the spring, students must enroll in EDUC6482 Masters Proseminar in International Educational Development. Students are required to submit three sets of reports while on internship. 

Travel Support and Administrative Support

For qualified students in good academic standing hoping to be placed on an internship abroad, IEDP will offer an internship travel grant with a starting base of $3,150 per student with additional supplementary support offered based on the location of placement abroad. As Penn students international interns will also have their insurance covered via Penn’s iSOS insurance plan at no additional cost. iSOS will offer a 24/7 international support line to address medical and evacuation needs. Local agencies may provide in-kind and/or cash support (including, for example, per diem, local travel, etc.) 

Students hoping to be placed on a remote internship will be given an internship grant of $3,150 with the possibility of a small increase if local travel is required (for example, traveling to UNICEF NY offices two days a week.)

All students on internship will be enrolled in a 0 CU course, EDUC9990, to help maintain full-time student standing at the university. IEDP will offer an internal scholarship to cover this course free of charge for one semester (the normal internship placement duration). Students interested in a six-month internship placement will have their first semester of EDUC9990 covered by the IEDP with the second being a personal cost.

IEDP works closely and intentionally with all students to help oversee each individualized placement. If you are interested in learning more about the IEDP internship, please join us at one of our IEDP First Friday virtual events.

Our Partners

Our interdisciplinary program has affiliations and partnerships across the university and across the globe.

University of Pennsylvania Affiliates

Affiliated with faculty members across the University of Pennsylvania, our strengths include several key regional resource centers on campus ( African Studies,  East Asian Studies ,  Middle East Studies,  Indian Studies , and  South Asia Studies), as well as institutes, centers, and professional schools with a wide range of international specializations.

International Partners

Our international internship program has grown to include over 20 partner organizations, shown below. Many of these organizations have a commitment towards addressing the  United Nations Sustainable Development Goals.

Partner Organizations

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• University of Denver
• https://korbel.du.edu

The Korbel School, a Global Leader: Ranked 12th Best International Relations Master’s Program in the World

Korbel communications.

[email protected]

The University of Denver's Josef Korbel School of International Studies has been named the 12th best place in the world to earn a master’s degree in international relations by Foreign Policy magazine, moving up from 14th in the previous ranking. Korbel’s undergraduate degree program was ranked 20th in the United States. These rankings are based on an extensive survey of more than 900 international relations scholars.  

Dean Fritz Mayer expressed pride at the news. “It is hard to overstate how remarkable these rankings are given the formidable competition.  Such glowing recognition by those who know international affairs programs best is a wonderful testament to the excellence of our faculty, the strength of our programs, the quality of our staff, and the accomplishments of our students and alumni.” 

Foreign Policy   also separately surveyed  policymakers and think tank staffers, who ranked the Korbel School master’s programs 18th and 28th, respectively. The school was one of only five outside of the East Coast that ranked in the top 30 by all three respondent groups. 

The University of Denver's Josef Korbel School of International Studies offers master's degrees in:

• Global Economic Affairs
• Global Environmental Sustainability
• International Development
• International Human Rights
• International Security
• International Studies
• Public Policy

MA and MPP programs at the Korbel School are 60 credits and take two academic years of full-time enrollment. To learn more about our programs, follow this link .

The Best International Relations Schools in the World – Foreign Policy

The latest ranking of the top 50 IR programs for undergraduates, master's, and Ph.D.s.

Foreign Policy Ranking

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Phd-Study-In-Usa

• PhD Funding in the USA – A Guide for 2024

PhD Funding in the USA

Written by Ben Taylor

Many of the world’s top research universities are based in the USA, so it’s no surprise that it’s an extremely popular destination for PhD students.

Although the USA has a reputation for being an expensive place to study, there are also some fantastic opportunities for PhD funding (including many fully-funded PhD programmes for international students).

This page will give you an introduction to the cost of a typical doctorate in the USA, as well as a guide to some of the most generous forms of PhD funding available at American universities.

On this page

American phd funding – what you need to know first.

As we’ve already mentioned, the USA has an expensive reputation – but you shouldn’t let that put you off.

There’s a reason why such a large number of American universities can be found among the top-ranked in the world: many institutions have huge budgets and endowments, allowing them to offer generous fully-funded PhD scholarships to graduate students (regardless of nationality).

These are a few key points to bear in mind when beginning your search for PhD funding in the USA:

• Public universities in the United States differentiate between in-state and out-of-state when it comes to fees, so you won’t necessarily be charged more than an out-of-state domestic student if you’re an international student
• Private universities don’t distinguish between domestic and international students
• It’s common for universities to offer ‘full-ride’ PhD scholarships to talented grad students
• The Fulbright Commission administers several funding schemes for international students to complete their research in the USA
• Federal student loans are available to US nationals

The cost of a PhD in the USA

With a huge range of universities offering PhD programmes in the USA it’s no surprise that American PhD fees vary a lot. They also tend to be exaggerated or otherwise misreported based on very high figures for prestigious Ivy League universities. These aren’t typical.

Actual fees vary between public and private institutions and sometimes depend on a students’ residency status:

• Public institutions charge an average of $12,394 per year for in-state students on graduate programmes. Be aware that fees for out-of-state students (including international students) are higher than this.
• Private institutions charge an average of $26,621 per year for all students on graduate programmes.

These figures are based on data published by the US National Center for Education Statistics . As a general rule, public institutions will be cheaper than private institutions, but will charge a higher out-of-state fee to international students. This can mean that the actual difference in fees is smaller than it seems above. Private institutions, on the other hand, may have more funding available.

The best way to get a sense of the tuition fees you will actually pay for a US PhD is to look up a few programmes in your subject and compare their prices. Just make sure you’re comparing the same thing: some universities will list fees per year, whereas others may list fees per semester or per credit.

In-state vs out-of-state

US universities don’t distinguish between international students and domestic fees in the same way as the UK. But public universities do differentiate between students from inside or outside their state. This is because ‘in-state’ students have their education partly subsidised by their state government. As an international student you’ll pay the same fee as a US student from ‘out-of-state’.

Living costs

The sheer size of the USA makes it almost impossible to offer accurate figures for student living costs across all 50 states. So we haven’t. You should definitely include this in your research and preparation though. Some parts of the USA are much more affordable than others. Your university’s international office may be able to help provide a sense of typical graduate student expenses for rent, groceries and travel.

See our guide to living in the USA during a PhD for more advice.

Other expenses

American universities will usually charge additional fees for processing graduate school applications. You’ll also need to budget for admissions tests, language tests and your visa.

Fulbright Postgraduate Scholarships

The US-UK Fulbright Commission is an organisation dedicated to fostering research connections between the United States and the United Kingdom.

Every year they offer postgraduate scholarships to talented British students to help them study at an American university (and vice versa).

A Fulbright Postgraduate Award offers the following benefits:

• A contribution towards your tuition fees (this could cover the first year of fees or fully-fund the entire degree, depending on the award and institution)
• Health insurance cover
• Visa sponsorship

Fulbright Scholars will also gain valuable networking opportunities through a global alumni organisation, as well as support during their studies from the Institute of International Education (IIE).

There are a range of Fulbright Postgraduate Awards available, with some providing a fully-funded PhD degree and others only offering a one-year tuition fee waiver. You can check out the Fulbright Postgraduate Scholarships on their website.

Eligibility for Fulbright Postgraduate Awards

The main eligibility requirement for a US-UK Fulbright Award is, unsurprisingly, that you must be a British citizen. However, if you’re a foreign national settled in the UK you may also be able to apply.

You’ll also need an undergraduate result of at least a 2.1 (although a 2.2 may be accepted on a case-by-case basis).

As the primary goal of the US-UK Fulbright Commission is to foster new connections between the countries, the ideal candidate won’t have spent more than six months in the United States already.

Applying for a Fulbright Postgraduate Award

The application process for a Fulbright Award usually opens in August, with a deadline in early November.

You’ll need to make an online application with the following documents/details:

• Academic transcripts
• Passport photo
• Personal statement
• Research objectives

You’ll also need to complete a separate application to the university you want to do your PhD at.

Shortlisted candidates will be invited to attend an interview in the following February.

Other Fulbright PhD scholarships

The above information focuses on the US-UK Fulbright Commission, which is part of a much larger network of organisations devoted to helping talented international students attend American universities.

Fulbright-Nehru Doctoral Fellowships , for example, offer Indian students the chance to complete a funded research placement (six to nine months) in the USA.

The Fulbright Foreign Student Program provides Nigerian doctoral students with the opportunity to conduct PhD research in the United States.

Fulbright Germany’s Doktorand:innenprogramm (PhD student programme) is a similar scheme to help German researchers complete work in the USA.

You can view Fulbright programmes by country on the Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs website.

University PhD scholarships

It’s actually very common for US universities to provide fully-funded PhD programmes for international students, and relatively rare for successful candidates on graduate programmes to be entirely self-funding. The ‘sticker price’ for a US PhD may seem high, but it’s probably not the price you’ll end up paying.

Funding will take various forms. ‘Full-ride’ PhD scholarships will cover fees, living costs and other expenses. Other common options include partial fee discounts or full fee waivers.

In general, private universities will have more funding than public universities (though they will also have higher fees). You can search some of the PhD funding available using an official tool provided by Education USA . These results aren’t exhaustive though: make sure you also check with the university you are considering.

We’ve done some of the leg-work for you and produced a list of international PhD scholarships available at some of the top American universities, which you can check out below.

Assistantships

As well as awarding direct funding, it’s common for US universities to offer assistantship positions to their graduate students. These are effectively a form of employment with the university : you will fulfil a selection of responsibilities in exchange for a stipend or a fee waiver.

Common types of assistantship include:

• Graduate teaching assistantships – These involve teaching and mentoring undergraduate students on courses related to your subject. Responsibilities may include leading discussion groups, supervising essays and helping with course admin. Graduate students doing this kind of work are sometimes referred to as ‘TAs’ (teaching assistants) or ‘adjunct faculty’. Find out more about graduate teaching assistantships .
• Research assistantships – These involve helping faculty with their research. Responsibilities may include collecting and recording routine data, monitoring experiments or helping set up equipment.
• Administrative assistantships – These involve clerical, administrative and secretarial work for the university or graduate programme. Responsibilities may include data entry and management, assisting with meetings and other activities or helping with other routine office tasks.
• Fellowships – These don’t involve additional work but may be conditional on maintaining a certain standard for your academic work or pursuing particular directions with your research.

Graduate teaching assistantships and research assistantships are the most common types of assistantship, but it’s worth checking to see what different universities offer.

Federal grants and aid

National science foundation (nsf) graduate research fellowship program (grfp).

The National Science Foundation’s GRFP is a long-established federal grant scheme for talented STEM graduate students in the USA, providing the opportunity of a fully-funded PhD. Past fellows include over 40 Nobel laureates.

The GRFP offers the following financial benefits over a three-year period:

• $37,000 annual stipend
• Tuition fee allowance of $12,000 (paid directly to the university)

Applicants for the NSF GRFP must be:

• American citizens, permanent residents or nationals
• Graduate students beginning a research-based Masters or PhD degree in a STEM subject
• Embarking on Masters or PhD study for the first time

As you might expect, competition for these prestigious fellowships is high, with around 12,000 applications for 2,000 places.

There are four main elements to an NSF GRFP application:

• Graduate research plan statement
• Two or three reference letters

The deadline for submitting these documents is usually mid to late October, with the results announced at the beginning of April.

You can find out more on the NSF GRFP website .

Federal Student Aid for US students

If you’re a US citizen, you may be able to receive financial aid from the government to help fund your studies. Generally, international students are not eligible to apply except in very specific circumstances .

You’ll also need to have financial need, but there is no income cut-off to qualify for financial aid. Rather, there are several factors considered when assessing your application.

Unlike undergraduate students, Masters and PhD applicants are considered independent for financial aid purposes, meaning only your own income and assets are taken into account, as opposed to your parents’.

The types of federal aid available for postgraduate students include:

#1 Federal loans

Loans available for Masters students include Direct Unsubsidized Loans and Direct PLUS Loans .

For Direct Unsubsidized Loans , your university determines how much money you’re eligible to receive, up to an upper limit that depends on your personal circumstances. Find out more about Direct Unsubsidized Loan limits. Interest rates are currently set at 7.05% for the 2023-24 year.

Direct PLUS Loans don’t award a set amount. Instead, you can borrow up to the full cost of your Masters programme, minus any other forms of financial support you are receiving for it. Interest rates are set at 8.05% for the 2023-24 year.

To apply, you’ll need to be studying a course at 50% intensity or more (part-time programmes are eligible for direct plus loans, provided you study on a ‘half-time’ basis or greater). You’ll also need a good credit history to apply a Direct PLUS loan. You won’t normally be able to receive a Direct PLUS Loan if you have a record of credit default or overdue debt for existing loans. In some cases, a parent or other US citizen may endorse your application as a guarantor.

As a Masters student you won’t repay your loan until six months after you cease to be enrolled on your course. Note that this repayment period will normally still come into effect if you exit your graduate programme early.

Actual repayment plans vary, but you can view a set of guides from the US Department of Education .

#2 Work-study

Federal work study provides part-time jobs for US students who have financial need, to help them cover their living costs and tuition fees.

Roles can be on or off campus, and where possible related to your field of study. Off-campus jobs are generally for nonprofit organisations or public agencies, and must be performed in the public interest.

Postgraduate students may be paid by the hour or by salary, depending on the type of role performed. How many hours you’re allowed to work will be determined by your university’s financial aid office.

Federal work-study is generally not available for international students, but there are other ways to earn money alongside your studies. We cover this in our guide to working in the USA as a student .

Applying for financial aid

To apply for financial aid, you’ll need to submit a Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA) form. Filling in the FAFSA involves creating an online account and receiving a unique FSA ID.

You should have access to the following documents and information when filling in the FAFSA:

• Your social security number
• Your driving license number (if you have one)
• Your Alien Registration Number (of you are not a US citizen)
• Tax documents or tax returns for yourself and your spouse (if married)
• Records of any untaxed income, savings, cash or investments

The FAFSA form for becomes available for course starting the following year on 1 October annually. So if you’re planning to study a Masters or PhD starting in Autumn 2024, you’ll be able to fill in the FAFSA from 1 October 2023 .

The FAFSA deadline for 2023-24 is 30 June 2024 .

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How did Raygun qualify for the Olympics? Is she really the best Australia has to offer?

Since Australian breaker Rachael "Raygun" Gunn failed to score a single point in any of her Olympic bouts, many have asked how she qualified for the Games.

Fellow breaker and anthropologist Lucas Marie says she won her qualification "fair and square" last year, but African American man Malik Dixon has criticised the Olympic body for letting her in.

What's next?

Breaking will not be an event at the 2028 Los Angeles Olympic Games — a decision made before Raygun's performance.

The 2024 Paris Olympics marked breaking's debut as a sport at the global event, with 36-year-old lecturer and breaker Rachael "Raygun" Gunn representing Australia for the first time.

Having failed to win a single point in any of her Olympic bouts, Raygun quickly became a viral sensation.

The question on many people's minds now is: How did she even qualify?

Lucas Marie is a breaker who has competed, performed, taught and judged breaking competitions over the past 25 years. He's also an anthropologist who recently co-authored an article with Gunn.

He says the answer to that question is simple.

"There was an Oceania qualifier in which any B-boy or B-girl from Australia [or] New Zealand could enter, and that was in Sydney in October 2023," he told ABC News.

"And leading up to that, there were a lot of other events in which breakers were competing.

"She won those battles fair and square and won the qualification in Sydney.

"And it wasn't really a surprise to anyone. 

"She's been fairly consistent, winning or coming second or third at a lot of breaking events in Australia for the last five to 10 years."

Marie said there was nothing out of the ordinary about Raygun's performance.

"It's not like gymnastics where there's this kind of agreed-upon standard," he said.

"It's always had a rawness to it. It's always had an improvisational kind of quality. And I think looking different and trying different stuff has always been celebrated.

"And I think Raygun, in a way, was just expressing a core kind of hip hop trait in a way a lot of breakers do."

He described her efforts as bold.

"I thought — and this is how I judge a lot of breaking events — I thought, 'Oh, she's making some really interesting choices to mimic Australian animals.' And you can kind of see the choices that she's making in the moment."

Is she the best Australia has to offer?

Team Australia chef de mission Anna Meares insisted after Raygun's performance that she was the best breaker the country had to offer. But is this true?

"It's sometimes just who's performing better on the day," Marie said.

"And at the qualification event in which she won, and other events in which she's won, she performed better on that day and won the ticket.

"That doesn't mean she's the best. It doesn't really work like that.

"I think she's a great breaker. She won the qualification. She's won other events in the past, and she was a good representative for Australia at that competition."

Asked whether there were B-girls in Perth, regional Victoria or rural Brisbane who might have qualified but could not afford to travel to Sydney for the tryouts, Marie agreed this was possible.

"Of course, there's breakers all over the country that maybe should have been in that event, but they weren't."

Breaking will not carry over to the 2028 Olympics in Los Angeles, a decision made before Raygun's battle.

Marie described this as sad.

"Maybe, based on the ratings, they'll reassess that and maybe allocate some medals to breaking," he said.

"I really hope that's the case, and I hope that for other breakers who want to compete in it as a dance sport."

Marie said that at the end of the day people should remember they were dealing with a human.

"As a friend of Rachael's, there's a human being who's getting a lot of negative attention," he said.

"I think people kind of miss that sometimes and forget the human aspect of all this."

'Toying with the culture'

Malik Dixon is an African American who has been living in Australia for more than a decade and is a Sydney University graduate.

He said Raygun made a total "mockery" out of breaking at the Olympics.

"She was dressed like a member of the cricket team or an Australian PE teacher, and from that point it just seemed like satire," Mr Dixon told ABC News.

"It just looked like somebody who was toying with the culture and didn't know how culturally significant it was being the first time in the Olympics and just how important it was to people who really cherish hip hop and one of the elements of hip hop, which is breakdancing.

"It made me think, was Borat her breakdancing coach?"

Mr Dixon said too many people felt entitled to African American culture.

"The African American space has been one where we've shared our community so much and without any restraints, any barriers, roadblocks, obstacles, any gatekeepers, that essentially what should have been African American cultural capital is just shared, which is cool," he said. 

"We like to share, right? 

"We shared 400 years of free labour.

"To see Rachael in her attempt to be a part of the culture just be grossly underwhelming made it seem like she didn't take it seriously."

Olympics body criticised for Raygun qualification

Mr Dixon criticised the body that qualified Raygun, saying she devalued breaking with her performance.

"Whatever governing body nominated her as Australia's entrant into the Olympics either did not understand the assignment or didn't really believe in the integrity or significance of breakdancing, because if they did they would just say, rather than disrespect the culture, we're just not ready to send an applicant this year."

He said Raygun was extremely audacious and not self-aware.

"You've got to know your role, know your position, know your limitation," he said. 

"And I think that part of privilege is saying that there are no limits to what I can do. 

"Part of privilege is having the authority to say that there are no limits and there are no requirements, there are no prerequisites to what I can do."

Raygun's degrees do not hold much water with Mr Dixon.

"Due to consumerism, this Foundational Black American product, which is hip hop, is global," he said.

"And even people who have no connection to any African Americans or any local or regional things that come out in these songs, they have become a part of the whole experience now.

"If I came in and said that I was an authority on Greek music and I was going against the grain of what the mainstream Greek musicians thought, or the school of thought, and I've said that I was the authority, people would check me on that.

"If I had a PhD in sprinting, does that qualify me to go against Noah Lyles? No, it doesn't."

He also doubts Raygun was the best breaker Australia had to offer.

"[There's] got to be somebody out here that's better than that! The kangaroo! The sprinkler! She did the sprinkler out there, man!" he said.

Should everybody just lighten up?

Should we lighten up? Mr Dixon does not believe so.

"Larrikinism is used as a get-out-of-jail-free card and to escape responsibility of how words or actions impact a hurt person," he said.

"But when the majority culture is offended, there's no playing around.

"This is a part of my culture, and I don't think Australians are in a place to tell me how I should feel about breakdancing being mocked on an international stage.

"People who don't have any or limited access to black people or hip hop culture now may see Rachael and her buffoonery as a representation of hip hop and black culture.

"People who were already side-eyeing breakdancing as an Olympic sport, Rachael Gunn has put the nail in that coffin.

"This might be the most viral clip of the whole Olympics. From a comedy standpoint, she's got it, but from an Olympics perspective, its regressive."

• X (formerly Twitter)

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International relations and global studies, ba.

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Understanding World Affairs

Become a citizen of the world and gain a profound understanding of global issues. The BA in International Relations major prepares you for global citizenship by requiring you to follow an interdisciplinary course of study. You will take courses in political science and choose an area of focus based on individual interests.

Interdisciplinary Approach

• You will gain the tools you need to analyze trends in a complex global world by analyzing dilemmas such as why sometimes countries go to war, and when they are able to forge peace; what is the relationship between wealthy countries and poorer ones, and how do we create a just society?
• You will bring together empirical questions and questions of justice, examining how institutions like the United Nations, the World Bank, the European Union, and the International Monetary Fund work to promote peace, security, prosperity and economic relations. You also will think about how such institutions may need reform.

Take Courses Like…

As this is an interdisciplinary major, requirements include three groups of courses: required courses in political science, electives in political science and other fields like history, economics, peace and justice, and others; and you will choose a minor in any of the following programs: history, economics, environmental studies, modern languages, global Asia, Latin American studies, peace and justice studies, diplomacy, non-profit studies, and women’s and gender studies.

Sample courses include:

• POL 114 Introduction to International Relations
• POL 303A Workshop: International Organization (Model United Nations)
• POL 322 Diplomacy

Opportunities and Experiences

You can expect engrossing debates in a friendly atmosphere and lively lectures by knowledgeable faculty who will challenge you to think critically, and grow academically and professionally, to meet the career opportunities of the 21st century.

The faculty of the department includes nationally and internationally recognized scholars, who are also engaging teachers and activists. Their scholarship is evidenced by their numerous books, monographs, global awards, and articles published in journals, newspapers, and periodicals intended for general audiences. The department’s faculty members also present their research at international, national, and regional conferences.

You have an opportunity to gain practical, resume-building experiences through participation in the award-winning Model United Nations team, as well as internships at the UN and affiliated non-governmental organizations, government agencies, and think tanks.

Choose Your Career

With the BA in International Relations and Global Studies, you will be prepared for careers at the United Nations, UNICEF, and non-governmental organizations, as well as in sectors such as international journalism, international law, and business.

Where Graduates are Employed

You may go on to have successful careers in fields including, but not limited to:

• Federal, state, and local governments
• Advanced education in government and public administration
• Political campaigns
• Public and private interest groups
• Foundations and intellectual or benevolent institutions
• Careers in business, especially with corporations that do business internationally
• Law enforcement agencies and other criminal justice organizations
• Military service
• Public service, nonprofit administration, and work with non-governmental organizations

In addition, you may go on to graduate or law school, or careers in higher education, education, nonprofit organizations, law, government agencies, multi-national corporations, and financial institutions.

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Letter of Recommendation for PhD: Sample, Examples & PDFs

• Last Updated On August 14, 2024
• Published In General

Did you know that by 2030, over 8,00,000 people in the US will get their doctorates? That’s a lot of competition! To stand out, you need more than just strong grades. Letters of recommendation offer a crucial personal perspective on your research abilities.

Table of Content

These letters, written by professors or supervisors, highlight your potential and confirm your application’s claims. Admissions committees rely on them to make informed decisions.

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This guide will help you create an influential letter of recommendation for a PhD that opens doors and advances your academic journey. Dive in!

Key Highlights

Here is a quick overview of everything you will learn in greater detail in this blog on the letter of recommendation for a PhD program.

What is a Letter of Recommendation for a PhD Program?

A Letter of Recommendation, or LOR, is a crucial component of your PhD application. It provides valuable insights into your academic brilliance, personal character, and research potential from a trusted source, such as a professor or employer. 

Many universities in the United States, such as Harvard University and Stanford University , mandate the submission of two to three academic Letters of Recommendation for PhD applicants. 

Crafting a compelling LOR can be challenging, which makes having a sample LOR an invaluable resource. By studying a well-structured sample, you can effectively highlight your strengths and experiences, impressing the admissions committee.

What is the Need for Letter of Recommendation for a PhD Student?

A letter of recommendation is crucial for PhD students because it offers a detailed look at your academic skills, research potential, and personal qualities from someone who knows you well. 

Universities like Stanford require three letters of recommendation for their PhD programs. Admissions committees use these letters to understand your past achievements, work ethic, and fit for advanced study. 

LOR’s often highlight your strengths, accomplishments, and specific contributions to research projects. This outside perspective helps set you apart in a competitive selection process, showing you have the skills, dedication, and curiosity needed for the program.

Whom Should You Ask for a Letter of Recommendation for a PhD?

Selecting the right recommender is critical in crafting a compelling letter of recommendation for a PhD. Your recommender should be a determined advocate capable of providing an unbiased assessment. 

Given that 25% of the US’s one million foreign student population is Indian, competition is fierce. Unlike self-authored documents, an LOR offers an external perspective exclusively shaped by the recommender’s observations. This unique viewpoint is invaluable. 

Your PhD recommender should be someone who:

• Has a good rapport with you.
• Understand your strengths, weaknesses, and potential.
• Has witnessed your academic and professional growth.
• Is familiar with your research interests.
• Believes in your research goals.

2 Types of Letter of Recommendation for a PhD Program

Securing admission to a prestigious PhD program like MIT’s is highly competitive. A critical factor in your application is the strength of your Letters of Recommendation (LORs). Universities like MIT often require three LORs, with a strong preference for academic references who can testify to your research potential.

Of course, you might be eager to check out a sample letter of recommendation for a PhD. However, you first need to understand the types of LORs, listed below.

1. Academic LOR

An academic LOR is typically penned by a professor or academic advisor who can confirm your intellectual abilities and scholarly potential. 

A letter of recommendation for a PhD dives deeper into your research aptitude, critical thinking skills, and independent research capabilities. This type of recommendation emphasises your readiness for doctoral-level research.

2. Professional LOR

A professional LOR is typically authored by a supervisor or manager from your workplace. A letter of recommendation for a PhD from an employer should emphasise your research contributions, problem-solving abilities, and potential for independent scholarly work. 

It should demonstrate how your practical experience has equipped you with the foundation to excel in doctoral studies.

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Letter of recommendation for phd sample: structure.

When constructing a compelling letter of recommendation for a PhD program, academic and professional recommendations are typically the most sought-after types. These letters are the unsung heroes of your application, providing crucial external validation of your qualifications.

Here’s a quick overview of a Letter of Recommendation (LOR) sample structure.

Letter of Recommendation for PhD Sample: Format

While you’re likely engaged in GRE preparation and other PhD application requirements, don’t forget to notice the critical role of a strong letter of recommendation for a PhD. This document can significantly influence your admission chances, making crafting a compelling and well-structured LOR essential.

Here is the format you need to follow for your sample letter of recommendation for PhD.

Letter of Recommendation for PhD Sample

A sample letter of recommendation for a PhD program can provide valuable guidance in crafting a compelling recommendation. However, it’s essential to remember that these samples are for illustrative purposes only and should not be copied directly. 

Below, you’ll find sample LORs for the two primary types of recommendations: academic and professional. These examples demonstrate how your professors or supervisors can effectively articulate your qualifications for doctoral studies.

Academic Letter Of Recommendation for a PhD: Example

DISCLAIMER: The name “Rose Tennent” is used in this sample LOR for illustrative purposes only. 

Dr. [Full Name]

Professor of [Department]

[University Name]

[University Address]

[City, State ZIP Code]

[Email Address]

[Phone Number]

I am delighted to write this letter of recommendation for Rose Tennent, who has been an exemplary student in my [Course Name] class at the [College/University Name]. I have had the privilege of teaching Rose for the past [Mention Years], during which time she has consistently impressed me with her intellectual curiosity, dedication, and exceptional academic abilities. Rose has consistently demonstrated a profound understanding of [Subject Area] concepts and theories. Her ability to analyse complex problems, develop innovative solutions, and articulate her ideas clearly is exceptional. 

For instance, in a class project on [Project Topic], Rose took the initiative to explore [Specific Aspect of Project] in depth. Her research was meticulous, and her findings were presented clearly and precisely. Beyond her academic achievements, Rose has shown a remarkable aptitude for [Specific Skill, e.g., data analysis, research methodology]. Her proficiency in [Software or Tool] was evident in her coursework, where she produced exceptional results. Her ability to [Specific Skill Application] significantly enhanced her work’s quality and demonstrated her research potential.

Rose’s dedication to her studies is unparalleled. She consistently sought opportunities to challenge herself inside and outside the classroom. She participated actively in class discussions, offering insightful perspectives and stimulating intellectual debate. Her enthusiasm for learning is contagious, and she can inspire and motivate her peers.

Furthermore, Rose has demonstrated exceptional research potential. As a research assistant on my project, [Project Title], she significantly contributed to data collection, analysis, and interpretation. Her attention to detail and strong analytical skills allowed her to identify patterns and trends that were instrumental in advancing our research. Rose is also a highly collaborative and supportive classmate. She is always willing to help her peers and has a strong sense of teamwork. Her positive attitude and infectious enthusiasm create a supportive learning environment for everyone.

In conclusion, Rose Tennent is an exceptional student with a bright future. Her intellectual abilities, strong work ethic, and collaborative spirit make her an ideal candidate for a PhD program. I wholeheartedly recommend her for admission to your program and am confident she will significantly contribute to your academic community. Please do not hesitate to contact me if you require any further information.

[Full Name]

Professional Letter Of Recommendation for a PhD: Example

DISCLAIMER: The name “John Smith” is used in this sample LOR for illustrative purposes only. 

Research Scientist

[Company Name]

[Company Address]

I am delighted to write this letter of recommendation in solid support of John Smith, who has been an exceptional research team member at [Company Name] for the past three years. During this time, I have had the pleasure of directly supervising John Smith and witnessing firsthand his remarkable intellectual abilities, unwavering dedication, and exceptional problem-solving skills.

John Smith has consistently exceeded expectations in his role as a research scientist. His contributions to our team have been invaluable, particularly in [specific research area]. For instance, his pivotal role in the [project name] initiative was instrumental in achieving [specific outcome]. John Smith demonstrated a deep understanding of the complex challenges associated with this project and developed innovative solutions that significantly advanced our research goals.

One of John Smith’s most impressive qualities is his ability to blend theoretical knowledge with practical application seamlessly. His work on [specific project or task] is a prime example. By [briefly describing particular actions taken], John Smith could [quantifiable result]. This achievement highlights his exceptional analytical skills and ability to translate complex scientific concepts into tangible outcomes.

Beyond his technical expertise, John Smith possesses exceptional interpersonal and communication skills. He is a collaborative team player who readily shares his knowledge and insights with colleagues. His ability to articulate complex ideas clearly and concisely has been invaluable in internal and external presentations. John Smith has also taken on leadership roles within the team, mentoring junior researchers and fostering a positive and productive work environment.

John Smith’s enthusiasm for research and relentless pursuit of knowledge are truly inspiring. He is constantly seeking out new challenges and opportunities for growth. For example, [describe a specific instance of initiative or self-directed learning]. This proactive approach to his work demonstrates his intellectual curiosity and commitment to professional development.

I am confident that John Smith possesses the intellectual capacity, technical skills, and personal qualities necessary to excel in a PhD program. His strong foundation in [specific field] and his passion for research make him an ideal candidate for advanced studies. I wholeheartedly recommend John Smith for admission to your program, and he will be a valuable asset to your research community. Please do not hesitate to contact me if you require any further information.

Struggling with your LOR? Join LeapScholar’s live events now! Network with other students and get expert advice on how to create a winning recommendation letter.

Vocabulary for Writing a Letter of Recommendation for a PhD Program

A compelling Letter of Recommendation (LOR) requires proper structure and precise language. The words used can profoundly influence the admissions committee’s perception of you. 

Below, you’ll find a selection of vocabulary to enhance your LOR’s impact. 

Remember, these words are merely suggestions to complement your writing, and thoughtful use will improve your LOR’s professionalism and appeal.

Letter of Recommendation for a PhD Program: Guidelines for Top Universities

When universities offer PhD programs, they want to pick candidates who can work well with mentors and achieve great results. They expect you to be dedicated and focused on your chosen field. 

Letters of recommendation are crucial in helping them find the right fit. You will find the requirements for a letter of recommendation for a PhD from the famous institutions listed below.

8 Tips to Write A Better Letter of Recommendation for a PhD Program

Are you aspiring to join the ranks of 1.3 million Indian students pursuing higher education, such as PhDs abroad ? Then, crafting exceptional LORs is crucial. 

This section will highlight typical letter of recommendation for a PhD program mistakes to avoid. A little motivation: The average monthly salary for a research scientist in the US and UK is INR 1.2Cr ($144K) and INR 55.8L (£52K). 

Now, please find below the essential tips for writing a compelling letter of recommendation for a PhD program.

• Strategic Recommender Selection: Carefully choose recommenders who align with your PhD program’s requirements and can effectively highlight your strengths.
• Open Communication: Maintain regular contact with your recommenders, sharing your research goals and achievements to provide them with plenty of information.
• Diverse Perspectives: Encourage each recommender to focus on different aspects of your qualifications to create a well-rounded picture.
• Timely Submission: To avoid last-minute stress, ensure that online recommendation forms are submitted well in advance of the application deadline.
• Authenticity and Accuracy: Emphasise the importance of honest and detailed information in the LOR, avoiding exaggeration or false claims.
• Clear Relationship: The recommender’s relationship with you should be established within the letter.
• Highlight Strengths: The LOR should effectively showcase your unique qualities, abilities, and potential for doctoral research.
• Avoid Generic Templates: Encourage recommenders to write personalised letters that avoid generic or formulaic language.

To Conclude

Imagine yourself studying for a PhD at prestigious institutions like Stanford University or Oxford University , followed by a fulfilling career as a research scientist earning competitive salaries—up to INR 1.2Cr ($144K) and INR 55.8L (£52K) per year, respectively. 

Achieving this dream begins with a strong Letter of Recommendation for a PhD program. Our expert counsellors at Leap Scholar are dedicated to helping you craft a standout LOR and guiding you through the entire admissions process. Let us help you realise your potential.

Take the first step towards your ideal future. Book a consultation now .

Also Read: Study PhD Abroad for Indian Students

Frequently Asked Questions

Q. what is a letter of recommendation for a phd.

A. A Letter of Recommendation for a PhD is a critical document in your application process. It provides insights into your academic brilliance, personal character, and research potential from a trusted source, such as a professor or employer. This letter helps admissions committees evaluate your readiness and fit for a doctoral program.

Q. Who should I ask to craft a Letter of Recommendation for my PhD application?

A. It’s essential to choose recommenders who know you well and can confirm your abilities. Ideally, this would be a professor familiar with your academic performance or a supervisor who understands your professional contributions. They should be able to provide a detailed assessment of your strengths, achievements, and potential for research.

Q. How many Letters of Recommendation do I need for a PhD application?

A. Most universities require two to three letters of recommendation for PhD applications. These letters should come from individuals who can attest to different aspects of your abilities and potential, ensuring a well-rounded view of your qualifications.

Q. What are the types of Letters of Recommendation for PhD programs?

A. There are two primary types of LORs: Academic and Professional. An Academic LOR is written by a faculty member who can highlight your intellectual abilities and research potential. A Professional LOR, on the other hand, is provided by an employer or supervisor who can discuss your skills and contributions in a workplace setting.

Q. How long should a Letter of Recommendation for a PhD be?

A. A typical LOR should be 400-500 words, spanning one to two pages. It should provide a comprehensive view of your qualifications, achievements, and potential without being overly verbose or too brief.

Q. How does a Letter of Recommendation for PhD admission impact my application?

A. A Letter of Recommendation for PhD admission is crucial because it provides an external perspective on your abilities, character, and potential as a researcher.  This letter helps the admissions committee understand your readiness for a doctoral program by highlighting your academic achievements and personal qualities, offering insights beyond what grades and test scores can convey.

Q. How can a sample LOR help me write my recommendation?

A. A sample LOR can provide a useful template or guide, showing how to structure the letter and what elements to include. It helps you understand how to effectively highlight your strengths and tailor the letter to the specific program you’re applying to.

Q. How should I format a Letter of Recommendation for a PhD?

A. Use Times New Roman font, size 10 to 12, with 1-inch margins. The letter should be single-spaced with double spaces between paragraphs, left-aligned, and include the recommender’s signature and contact information.

Q. What common mistakes should be avoided in a Letter of Recommendation for a PhD?

A. Avoid generic or vague language, unclear descriptions of your relationship with the recommender, and late submissions. Ensure the letter is honest and detailed and highlights your strengths and unique qualities.

Q. Can a Letter of Recommendation for a PhD impact my application?

A. Absolutely. A strong LOR can significantly influence the admissions committee by providing validation of your academic and research capabilities. It adds a personal dimension to your application that grades and test scores alone cannot convey.

Q. What should I include in a Letter of Recommendation for a PhD application?

A. When writing a Letter of Recommendation for a PhD application, include details about your relationship with the applicant, their academic and research achievements, and specific examples of their skills and contributions.  The letter should also discuss the applicant’s potential for success in a doctoral program, and why they are a strong candidate for the PhD program they are applying to.

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Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Minimum Funding Policy for Thesis-based Graduate Students for 2024-2025 Academic Year

Overview: Full-time MSc-Thesis and PhD graduate students in the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences will receive funding to support for their living expenses, tuition and fees. A student’s funding may come from a combination of sources including, but not limited to, the supervisor’s research funds, Graduate Excellence Funds, Differential Fee Waivers, and scholarships awarded to the student. Travel and presentation awards do not contribute to the minimum funding package. Funding will be provided to students for a minimum of two years for MSc-Thesis programs and for five years for PhD programs. Shorter periods of funding support are acceptable if the final thesis is submitted prior to the these time limits. It is strongly encouraged that funding be extended until submission of the final thesis. Students must demonstrate adequate progress and meet required program milestones. Minimum funding levels are outlined below.

QC = Quebec; OOP = out of province Canadians/Permanent Residents, INTL = international; CDN=Canadians/Permanent Residents  

* Tuition/Fees/Insurance are estimated based on an anticipated 3% increase over Annual fees for 2023-2024 Fall/Winter ,  which is reflected in the tuition fee tables at this time. It's subject to be adjusted after review of the Spring referendum period results . *

Living allowance is based on a 5.2%  CPI increase in Montreal from Aug 2022-2023

Top-up policy (Supplemental funding) in recognition of scholarship awards:

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Students receive FMHS minimum living allowance + tuition/ancillary fees/insurance + 10% of the value of the scholarship.

• Awards ≥ living allowance and  < $40,000:

Students receive their full award + tuition/ancillary fees/insurance + 10% the value of the award. OOP and INTL tuition/fee/insurance differentials should continue  to  be provided.

• Awards ≥$40,000 and <$50,000:

Students receive their full award + tuition/ancillary fees/insurance. Additional top-up at the discretion of their supervisor. OOP and INTL tuition/fee/insurance differentials should continue to be provided.

• Awards ≥$50,000:

Students receive their full award + differential tuition fees if international student (note that these are usually covered by GPS).

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