aiou matric solved assignment autumn 2023

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AIOU Solved Assignments For Autumn & spring 2024 In PDF | Matric FA BA Master

Allama Iqbal Open University solved assignments for spring & Autumn are available for Matric, F.A., B.A., BSc, MA, MSc, MET, and M.Ed levels. Here are the AIOU solved assignments for Autumn & spring 2022-.

AIOU Solved Assignment Download In PDF

Students can download AIOU solved assignments for the Matric FA BA Master program here.

AIOU Assignment Schedule for BS Programs / ADC / ADB

AIOU Assignment Schedule for PGD / MA / MSC / M.ED Programs

AIOU Assignment Schedule for BA / Associate Degree Programmed

AIOU Assignment Schedule for Matric & FA Programs

AIOU Matric Solved Assignments

AIOU Solved assignments for the matric class can be downloaded below based on your course code and assignment number.

AIOU Intermediate Solved Assignments FA

Please download the AIOU Solved Assignments for the Intermediate (F.A/ICS) class below.

AIOU B.A Solved Assignment In PDF Format

Here are the solved assignments for Bachelor programs (B.A./BCom). Please download the assignments based on your course code.

AIOU B.ED Solved Assignment

BED assignments for 1.5 / 2.5 / 4 years are given below, and please download your assignments according to your course code.

AIOU BA/BCOM And ADP Solved Assignment

These solved assignments are for B.A. – B.COM – ADP programs. Follow your course code to download.

AIOU BS Solved Assignments

Here you can download AIOU Solved Assignments according to your course code.

AIOU MA Urdu Solved Assignments Download In PDF

These assignments have been solved for M.A. Urdu classes at AIOU. Therefore, please download them according to the course code and assignment number you are assigned.

AIOU MA Islamic Studies Solved Assignments

Here are the AIOU-solved assignments. According to your course code, download the assignments.

AIOU MA Pak Studies Solved Assignments

Below are AIOU-solved assignments for your course code and assignment number. But first, make sure you are on the right website to download AIO U’s solved assignments.

How To Upload AIOU Assignments In LMS?

• AAGHI LMS portal can be accessed by entering the username and password provided by AIOU through the link: aaghi.aiou.edu.pk
• Select the course or subject in which you solved the assignment
• The ASSIGNMENT page will open
• Upload your pdf file from your computer
• Click the save button to save your changes
• You will submit all assignments here

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Aiou solved assignments autumn 2023.

Click Here To Download Current Semester Assignments New: Download

AIOU Solved Assignments Autumn 2023 covers a wide range of academic programmes, catering to diverse academic pathways. From Matric and FA to BA, BS (Hons), Associate Degree Program (ADP), BSc, and MSc, the University’s commitment to academic excellence and student support is clear. Matric General Group, Dar-e-Nizami, Intermediate (FA, ICom), BA General, BCOM, ADB, ADC, Associate Degree Programs, BED (1.5 years, 2.5 years, 4 years ) + ADE, BS and BED programs (4 years, 2.5 years) (ODL), BS Accounting and Finance, BS Economics, BS English, BS Gender and Women’s Studies, BS History, BS Islamic Studies, BS Library and Information Sciences, BS Mass Communication, BS Pakistan Studies, BS Sociology, and BS Urdu, as well as Masters programs such as MA History, MLIS (Library and Information Science), MA Urdu, MA Islamic Studies, MSc Administrative Science, MA Education + MED, MSc Pakistan. Studies, MSC Sociology, MSC Economics, MSC Mass Communication, and MSC Gender and Women Studies, can benefit from carefully designed assignments that ensure a comprehensive grasp of course content and effective preparation.

Table Of Content 

What is aiou allama iqbal open university, what is aiou solved assignments spring & autumn 2023, why aiou assignments are important, last date to submit aiou assignments, aiou assignment schedule 2023, how to get aiou assignment question paper, where to submit aiou assignments to tutors, how to download aiou solved assignments 2023, aiou matric, fa intermediate, i.com, b.com, and adp solved assignments 2023, aiou bed, bs, ma, bba, m.com &, etc solved assignments of autumn 2023, aiou solved assignments 2023 weightage.

Allama Iqbal Open University ( AIOU ) is a prominent distance education and open education institution based in Pakistan. Established with the objective of providing accessible education to a diverse range of students, AIOU offers a variety of academic programs and courses through flexible learning modes. It enables individuals who cannot attend traditional universities to pursue higher education and skill development. AIOU emphasizes self-paced learning, the use of technology and correspondence to deliver education across the country.

AIOU Solved Assignments for Spring and Autumn 2023 Assignment Tasks provided to Allama Iqbal Open University students in Pakistan are complete. These assignments contain answers and solutions to questions related to their respective courses. They help assess students’ understanding and application of course material and are an important part of the university’s distance learning assessment process.

AIOU assignments are important because they assess students’ understanding and application of course material. They encourage active learning, critical thinking, and independent study. Additionally, assignments contribute to students’ overall grades and provide them with a practical way to demonstrate their knowledge and skills.

AIOU assignments submission schedule is available on the website Skilling.pk visit the website and click on assignments schedule .

AIOU Assignment Question Papers are usually provided by the university to the students through their regional centers or online platforms. Students can access these question papers through the official website of AIOU or by visiting their designated regional center. Question papers are released at the beginning of every semester and are essential to complete the assignments effectively.

Students of Matric, FA, BA, I.Com & B.Com can submit their assignments to their Tutors , and Students of MA, BS, BBA, M.Com, B.Ed & Face To Face programms submit their assignments on the LMS portal provided by University.

If you want to download AIOU-solved assignments visit the website Skilling.pk and click on the download solved assignments.

If you need solved assignments in PDF and Word format contact me at WhatsApp.

The weightage of AIOU solved assignments in 2023 varies by course and program. In general, assignments make a significant contribution to the overall course grade of 30%.

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AIOU Solved Assignment for autumn 2023

Welcome to our website aioustudy.pk ! If you are a student enrolled in Allama Iqbal Open University (AIOU), you've come to the right place. We provide a wide range of solved assignments for various programs such as Matric, FA, I.COM, BA, B.COM, Associate Degree, BS (4 Years and 2.5 Years), MA, MSC, MED, BED, and ADE. You can easily download these assignments from our website. Additionally, we offer helpful books for purchase, which can assist you in preparing for your exams.

To stay up-to-date with the latest resources and information, we highly recommend subscribing to our YouTube channel, AIOU study owner obaid khan. On this channel, we regularly upload informative videos related to AIOU and its programs.

Thank you for visiting our website!

Download AIOU Solved Assignment for autumn 2023 in PDF Format

To assist AIOU students, we have provided the AIOU solved assignment for autumn 2023. If you were struggling with your assignments, there's no need to worry anymore. Our platform offers comprehensive and authentic solutions for AIOU Studio 9 assignments related to your specific course level.

These solved assignments will guide you in the right direction to achieve excellent grades. All assignments are available in PDF format. Make sure to read them carefully to effectively solve your own assignment.

AIOU assignments are an essential aspect of a student's assessment. AIOU provides a questionnaire that students must solve based on their capabilities and potential.

AIOU Solved Assignments from Matric to MA Level

As a student of AIOU, the responsibility for your grades lies in your hands. By properly solving and submitting assignments, you can maximize your marks.

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AIOU Solved Assignments autumn 2023

  علامہ اقبال اوپن یونیورسٹی فری حل شدہ اسائنمنٹس  

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Aiou Matric solved Assignment autumn 2023  

AIOU   Unsolved Assignments /   Assignments Question  Download   (New)

AIOU Assignments Question paper

AIOU solved assignments for autumn 2023 are available in PDF format. These assignments contain questions related to your syllabus, provided by your tutor or teacher. You are expected to solve these questions independently. However, if you encounter any difficulties, our platform is here to assist you. Once you've completed your assignment, submit it for evaluation.

Your tutor will review and assign marks based on your submission. We have a wide range of solved assignments for various course levels available on our website.

How to Download AIOU Question Assignments

Follow these steps to access and download AIOU solved assignments:

Step 1: Visit the official website of Allama Iqbal University.

Step 2: Select your course level to access the assignments.

Step 3: Choose the assignment you need and click the download option.

All assignments are listed with their titles, improvement deadlines, and course codes.

Tips for Writing AIOU Assignments

Writing AIOU assignments is not a daunting task. If you approach them with enthusiasm, you can solve them easily. Here are some techniques for writing assignments at Allama Iqbal Open University:

Begin by thoroughly studying the relevant subject in your books.

Find the answers to the assignment questions and write them on paper.

If you face any difficulties, refer to the solved assignment samples for guidance.

Once you have written your answers, capture images of the paper.

Use a scanning application, such as CamScanner, to scan the images using your mobile camera.

Finally, upload the scanned images on the portal. Refer to our website for detailed instructions on how to upload solved assignments.

Understanding AIOU Solved Assignments

AIOU solved assignments are the self-made notes created by students. These assignments provide answers to the questions found in the subject's question book. Most of these files are available online in PDF format. AIOU's portal only accepts assignments in PDF format.

To access the AIOU solved assignments, navigate to the AIOU bar tab on the home page. Click on "Solved Assignments" and choose the desired subject. You can easily download the assignment in PDF format.

Submitting AIOU Assignments

To submit your AIOU assignments, follow these steps:

Visit the AAGHI LMS portal using the following link:  aaghi.aiou.edu.pk .

Log in using the username and password provided by AIOU.

Select the enrolled course/subject for which you want to upload the solved assignment.

Click on the "ASSIGNMENT" tab to access the upload page.

Choose your file from your computer and upload it in PDF format.

Click "Save Changes" to submit your assignment.

Note:  Matric , fa, ba assignment send to your tutor by post office.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Q1. What are AIOU assignments? A: AIOU assignments are prepared by tutors and require students to answer specific questions. These assignments are evaluated by tutors, and the marks obtained are included in the final result.

Q2. What are AIOU question assignments? A: AIOU question assignments consist of questionnaires prepared by teachers. Students must provide relevant answers to these questions to achieve good grades in their exams.

Q3. How can I download AIOU question assignments? A: AIOU question assignments are available for download on the official website of Allama Iqbal Open University. Please refer to the above instructions for the complete process.

Q4. How do I write AIOU assignments? A: AIOU assignments should be written on paper. After solving them, scan the pages and convert them into a PDF format. The scanned assignment can then be uploaded through AIOU's portal.

Q5. What do AIOU solved assignments include? A: AIOU solved assignments consist of answers to the question papers. These assignments are in PDF format and the marks obtained contribute to a student's overall grade.

Q6. How do I submit AIOU assignments? A: AIOU assignments can be submitted through the AAGHI portal. Refer to the detailed article on our website for a step-by-step guide.

Q7. How can I check AIOU results? A: You can check AIOU results by visiting the following link:  AIOU Results

AIou Solved Assignment autumn 2023:

Introduction.

In the academic world, assignments play a crucial role in assessing a student's understanding of a particular subject. Allama Iqbal Open University (AIOU) is one of the leading educational institutions that provides distance learning programs to students in Pakistan. As the autumn semester of 2023 approaches, students at AIOU will be looking for well-structured and comprehensive solved assignments to aid their studies. This article aims to guide students through the process of accessing and utilizing AIOU solved assignments for the autumn 2023 semester.

Table of Contents

Importance of solved assignments, accessing aiou solved assignments, benefits of using solved assignments, how to make the most of solved assignments, tips for effective assignment preparation.

Examples of AIOU Solved Assignments

Common Challenges Faced by Students

Aiou solved assignments.

AIOU solved assignments are pre-prepared answers to the assignments given by the university. These assignments are designed to provide students with a reference point and help them understand the concepts and theories discussed in their courses. By having access to solved assignments, students can compare their own answers with the provided solutions and gauge their understanding of the subject matter.

Solved assignments serve as valuable learning resources for students. They offer a practical way to comprehend the course material and enhance knowledge retention. Moreover, these assignments enable students to grasp the required format and structure for presenting their answers effectively. By studying and analyzing solved assignments, students can gain insight into the expectations of their instructors and improve their overall academic performance.

To access AIOU solved assignments for the autumn 2023 semester, students can follow a few simple steps. First, they should visit the official website of Allama Iqbal Open University. Then, they can navigate to the "Assignments" section, where they will find a list of available solved assignments. By selecting the relevant course code and semester, students can easily download the solved assignments in PDF format.

Utilizing AIOU solved assignments offers several advantages to students. Firstly, it provides a comprehensive understanding of the subject matter, enabling students to grasp complex concepts more easily. Secondly, it serves as a valuable study aid during exam preparation, as it highlights key points and important topics. Additionally, solved assignments assist students in developing their critical thinking and problem-solving skills by presenting practical examples and solutions.

To maximize the benefits of AIOU solved assignments, students should follow some effective strategies. Firstly, they should use the solved assignments as a reference and not as a means to copy answers. By studying the provided solutions and attempting the assignments independently, students can enhance their learning experience. Secondly, students should analyze the solved assignments in detail, paying attention to the reasoning and logic behind each answer. This analytical approach helps in developing a deeper understanding of the subject matter.

When preparing assignments, students can follow these useful tips for better results:

1. Understand the Assignment Requirements

Carefully read the assignment instructions and ensure a clear understanding of the requirements. Identify the key elements, such as word count, formatting guidelines, and submission deadlines.

2. Research Thoroughly

Conduct extensive research on the assigned topic. Gather information from reliable sources and make notes of relevant points that can be incorporated into the assignment.

3. Organize Your Thoughts

Create an outline or a mind map to organize your ideas and thoughts. This will help you maintain a logical flow in your assignment and ensure that you cover all the essential points.

4. Write Clearly and Concisely

Use clear and concise language to convey your ideas effectively. Avoid excessive jargon or complex terms unless necessary. Present your arguments in a logical manner to enhance readability.

5. Proofread and Edit

Always proofread your assignment before submission. Check for grammatical errors, spelling mistakes, and overall coherence. Editing ensures a polished final product.

While working on assignments, students often encounter various challenges. Some common ones include:

Time Management:  Balancing multiple assignments and other responsibilities can be demanding, making it essential for students to manage their time effectively.

Understanding Complex Concepts:  Certain topics may be difficult to grasp initially. Seeking clarification from professors or referring to solved assignments can help overcome this challenge.

Originality of Answers:  Students should strive to provide unique answers rather than simply reproducing the solved assignments. Originality and critical thinking are valued in academic settings.

Limited Resources:  In some cases, students may face a lack of resources or reference materials. However, utilizing the available resources creatively can help overcome this challenge.

Can I submit the solved assignments as they are?

 It is not advisable to submit the solved assignments as they are. They should be used as a reference to understand the concepts and structure your own answers.

Are solved assignments available for all courses?

 Solved assignments are generally available for most courses offered at AIOU. However, availability may vary depending on the semester and specific course.

Can I rely solely on solved assignments for exam preparation?

 Solved assignments are a helpful study aid, but they should not be the sole resource for exam preparation. It is essential to cover the entire course material and practice additional questions.

What if I cannot find the solved assignment for my course?

 If you cannot find the solved assignment for your course, reach out to your course instructor or academic department for guidance.

Are solved assignments the same for all students?

Solved assignments are typically standardized and provided to all students enrolled in a specific course. However, it is important to cross-check with your instructor for any updates or modifications.

AIOU solved assignments for the autumn 2023 semester are valuable resources that can significantly enhance a student's learning experience. By utilizing these assignments effectively, students can strengthen their understanding of various subjects and improve their academic performance. Remember, solved assignments should be used as references to grasp the concepts and structure answers, and not as a means of copying. Make the most of these resources and strive for originality in your work to develop critical thinking and problem-solving skills.

aiou solved assignment autumn 2023 pdf ba

As the autumn semester of 2023 approaches, Allama Iqbal Open University (AIOU) students pursuing a Bachelor of Arts (BA) degree will be seeking comprehensive solved assignments to aid their studies. AIOU solved assignments are designed to provide students with a reference point and help them understand the course material better. In this article, we will guide BA students on how to access and utilize the AIOU solved assignments for the autumn 2023 semester.

Understanding AIOU Solved Assignments for BA

AIOU solved assignments for BA are pre-prepared answers to the assignments given by the university. These solved assignments serve as a valuable learning resource for BA students. They provide a comprehensive understanding of the course material and help students grasp complex concepts and theories discussed in their BA program.

Solved assignments play a crucial role in a BA student's academic journey. They offer practical guidance and reference points for students to enhance their understanding of the subject matter. By studying the provided solutions, BA students can compare their own answers, identify areas for improvement, and gauge their understanding of the course material. Solved assignments also help in developing critical thinking and problem-solving skills.

Accessing AIOU Solved Assignments for BA

To access AIOU solved assignments for the autumn 2023 semester, BA students can follow these simple steps:

Visit the official website of Allama Iqbal Open University.

Navigate to the "Assignments" section on the website.

Look for the BA program and select the relevant course code.

Download the solved assignments in PDF format.

By following these steps, BA students can easily access the solved assignments for their respective courses and subjects.

Using AIOU solved assignments for BA offers several benefits to students:

Enhanced Understanding: Solved assignments provide a clear understanding of the course material, enabling BA students to grasp complex concepts and theories effectively.

Study Aid: Solved assignments serve as valuable study aids during exam preparation. They highlight key points and important topics, helping BA students revise and consolidate their knowledge.

Improved Performance: By studying and analyzing solved assignments, BA students can improve their overall academic performance. They gain insights into the expectations of their instructors and learn how to structure and present their answers effectively.

Are solved assignments available for all BA courses?

Solved assignments are generally available for most BA courses offered at AIOU. However, availability may vary depending on the specific course and semester.

No, it is not advisable to submit the solved assignments as they are. They should be used as a reference to understand the concepts and structure your own answers.

Where can I find the solved assignments for my BA courses?

The solved assignments can be found on the official website of Allama Iqbal Open University. Navigate to the "Assignments" section and select your BA program and relevant course code.

How should I cite the solved assignments in my own work?

While referencing solved assignments, follow the citation style recommended by your instructor or adhere to the guidelines provided by the university.

Solved assignments are helpful study aids, but they should not be the sole resource for exam preparation. It is important to cover the entire course material, practice additional questions, and seek clarifications from instructors.

AIOU solved assignments for BA in the autumn 2023 semester are valuable resources that can significantly enhance a student's learning experience. By utilizing these assignments effectively, BA students can strengthen their understanding of various subjects and improve their academic performance. Remember, solved assignments should be used as references to grasp the concepts and structure answers, and not as a means of copying. Make the most of these resources and strive for originality in your work to develop critical thinking and problem-solving skills.

aiou solved assignment autumn 2023 pdf fa

As the autumn semester of 2023 approaches, Allama Iqbal Open University (AIOU) students pursuing a FA (Faculty of Arts) degree will be seeking comprehensive solved assignments to aid their studies. AIOU solved assignments are designed to provide students with a reference point and help them understand the course material better. In this article, we will guide FA students on how to access and utilize the AIOU solved assignments for the autumn 2023 semester.

Understanding AIOU Solved Assignments for FA

AIOU solved assignments for FA are pre-prepared answers to the assignments given by the university. These solved assignments serve as a valuable learning resource for FA students. They provide a comprehensive understanding of the course material and help students grasp complex concepts and theories discussed in their FA program.

Solved assignments play a crucial role in an FA student's academic journey. They offer practical guidance and reference points for students to enhance their understanding of the subject matter. By studying the provided solutions, FA students can compare their own answers, identify areas for improvement, and gauge their understanding of the course material. Solved assignments also help in developing critical thinking and problem-solving skills.

Accessing AIOU Solved Assignments for FA

To access AIOU solved assignments for the autumn 2023 semester, FA students can follow these simple steps:

Look for the FA program and select the relevant course code.

By following these steps, FA students can easily access the solved assignments for their respective courses and subjects.

Are solved assignments available for all FA courses?

 Solved assignments are generally available for most FA courses offered at AIOU. However, availability may vary depending on the specific course and semester.

Where can I find the solved assignments for my FA courses?

The solved assignments can be found on the official website of Allama Iqbal Open University. Navigate to the "Assignments" section and select your FA program and relevant course code.

 While referencing solved assignments, follow the citation style recommended by your instructor or adhere to the guidelines provided by the university.

AIOU solved assignments for FA in the autumn 2023 semester are valuable resources that can significantly enhance a student's learning experience. By utilizing these assignments effectively, FA students can strengthen their understanding of various subjects and improve their academic performance. Remember, solved assignments should be used as references to grasp the concepts and structure answers, and not as a means of copying. Make the most of these resources and strive for originality in your work to develop critical thinking and problem-solving skills.

aiou solved assignment autumn 2023 pdf matric

Aiou solved assignment autumn 2023: your key to matric success.

As the autumn semester of 2023 approaches, Allama Iqbal Open University (AIOU) students pursuing their Matriculation (Matric) education will be seeking comprehensive solved assignments to aid their studies. AIOU solved assignments are designed to provide students with a reference point and help them understand the course material better. In this article, we will guide Matric students on how to access and utilize the AIOU solved assignments for the autumn 2023 semester.

Understanding AIOU Solved Assignments for Matric

AIOU solved assignments for Matric are pre-prepared answers to the assignments given by the university. These solved assignments serve as a valuable learning resource for Matric students. They provide a comprehensive understanding of the course material and help students grasp important concepts and topics discussed in their Matric program.

Accessing AIOU Solved Assignments for Matric

To access AIOU solved assignments for the autumn 2023 semester, Matric students can follow these simple steps:

Look for the Matric program and select the relevant course code.

By following these steps, Matric students can easily access the solved assignments for their respective courses and subjects.

Are solved assignments available for all Matric courses? Solved assignments are generally available for most Matric courses offered at AIOU. However, availability may vary depending on the specific course and semester.

 No, it is not advisable to submit the solved assignments as they are. They should be used as a reference to understand the concepts and structure your own answers.

Where can I find the solved assignments for my Matric courses?

The solved assignments can be found on the official website of Allama Iqbal Open University. Navigate to the "Assignments" section and select your Matric program and relevant course code.

While referencing solved assignments, follow the citation style recommended by your teacher or adhere to the guidelines provided by the university.

Solved assignments are helpful study aids, but they should not be the sole resource for exam preparation. It is important to cover the entire course material, practice additional questions, and seek clarifications from teachers.

AIOU solved assignments for Matric in the autumn 2023 semester are valuable resources that can significantly enhance a student's learning experience. By utilizing these assignments effectively, Matric students can strengthen their understanding of various subjects and improve their academic performance. Remember, solved assignments should be used as references to grasp the concepts and structure answers, and not as a means of copying. Make the most of these resources and strive for originality in your work to develop critical thinking and problem-solving skills.

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AIOU Solved Assignments Free Download 2024 PDF

Download AIOU Solved Assignments for  Autumn & Spring 2024 here online in pdf. Get free AIOU solved Assignments pdf Spring and Autumn from Matric to Ph.D. level from this page. Therefore, Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad announces the last date of AIOU solved assignment submission at the start of the semester. On the other hand, this page is for those who are seeking AIOU Assignments information. and want to download AIOU Solved Assignment Free in PDF. For the help o the students, AIOU all spring and autumn solved assignments have been uploaded. So, you need to enter your subject code and click the download button.

AIOU Solved Assignment Spring Autumn 2024 PDF Free Download

AIOU assignments are very important for students. if you don’t submit AIOU-solved assignments, you’ll be declared Failed. Therefore, AIOU Solved Assignments available in PDF for Matric, Intermediate (FA, I.Com), Bachelors (BS, BA, B.Ed), Masters (MA, MEd, M. Phil), and Ph.D. So, keep in mind that all Assignments are uploaded and updated from a third-party service. Search Allama Iqbal Open University Solved Assignment 2024 for Matric, FA, BA, MA, B.Ed(Old/New), M.Ed MPhil, Ph.D., and other programs.

All Programs AIOU Solved Assignments Download 2024

AIOU assignments are far too essential for students. Additionally, if you do not submit completed assignments, you won’t be able to get over your course. However, Due to some reason in the submission of an answer to your assignment, you’ll be declared as failing. Even if you pass the exam and scored 90% marks, it doesn’t matter. Therefore, assignment submission is mandatory.

AIOU Solved Assignment Spring 2024 PDF BA

Here you can download the AIOU assignment solved spring 2024, BA as well as B.Com for all subjects. Similarly, the BA assignment is available for the spring and fall of 2024. It is accessible to download. AIOU changed its process from manual to online. For instance, it is possible to use this AIOU Aaghi LMS Portal to access every activity. We have provided all PDF hyperlinks below, from which you can download the entire set of BA assignments for 2024 because we are trying to help students.

AIOU Studio 9 Solved Assignment Spring 2024

AIOU solved assignments for Fall 2024 and Spring 2024 can be downloaded for the Matric FA and BA levels. BS (Old) as well as Bachelor of Science, Associate Degree B.Ed, MA, MSc as well as M.Ed levels. Also, anyone can download an AIOU-solved assignment here. So, click on the Assignment Name to download the assignment. If you have completed your assignment, the most important thing to do is submit it.

AIOU Key Books Download 2024 PDF

The majority of students will have questions that we answered, but do not know how to approach them. Students who join AIOU they’ll announce tutors each semester. Therefore, you’ll receive the Tutors’ Letter at home. After you have completed your SOlving Assignments, submit the assignments to AIOU Tutors They’ll go through your work and send the AIOU Solved Assignments Marks back to the University.

AIOU Assignment Spring 2024

AIOU Solved Assignments for Autumn & Spring 2024 Matric to MA

Educated.pk is a Platform To Help Students Regarding AIOU Educational Activities. On the other hand, educated.pk Provides An Educational Guideline To The Students Of AIOU. But This Is Not An Official Website Of AIOU. We Have All Types Of AIOU Solved Assignments, 5 Years of Solved/Unsolved Past Papers, Guess Papers, Helpings Notes, And Key Books, Etc.

AIOU Updates Solved Assignments Download

Guideline For Thesis, Reports, And Projects Of AIOU And All Other Universities. We will also upload all course-solved assignments for Matric to the Ph.D. level back to back. So, get AIOU Free Solved Assignments Advance Accounting Code No. Also, find out the 1st, 2nd, 3rd & 4th semester solved assignments for full and half-credit courses from this page.

AIOU Solved Assignment Spring 2024 PDF MA

Admission forms and prospectus could be purchased from the University’s main campus, 44 regional Campuses, and more than 100- Coordinating Offices across the country. Allama Iqbal Open University Islamabad was established in 1974, it is Asia’s first open university with a strong emphasis on providing distance education in philosophy, natural science, and social sciences.

AIOU Solved Assignment Spring 2024 PDF Matric

AIOU offers extensive undergraduate and postgraduate programs in academic disciplines. Allama Iqbal Open University Islamabad is one of the oldest and most well-known universities in Pakistan that has the privilege of being the second Open University in the world.

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Saturday, September 28, 2019

Aiou matric solved assignments - spring 2024.

Welcome to our website. If you are a student of Allama Iqbal Open University (AIOU) and pursuing Matric program, then you have come to the right place. We offer solved assignments for Matric 2 years program that you can download easily from our website. Apart from this, we also have helping books available for purchase that can assist you in preparing for your exams. To stay updated with our latest resources, we recommend that you subscribe to our AIOU Studio 9 YouTube channel, where we regularly upload informative videos related to AIOU and its programs.

Matric 2 years program

Solved Assignments of Spring / Autumn 2024.

653 comments:

bhai 203 a gye ha

Sir apny Math 247 ka assignment # 2 last semester wala upload kr dya ha. Plz current Autumn 2019 ka upload kr den

Sir 202 ki baaki assignments kb tk ayeingi??

Sir 247 Math ki Assignment # 2 kb tk ayengi. Plz. Allah apko ajar de neki ka

AsA sir, please Matric math 247 ki Second assignment bhi upload kr den

Bhai 260 ki or215 ki or252 ki assignment upload kr do

thanks brother ap ne hmara kam asan kr dia

Sir ye open kese hn gi?

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Bhai matric 247 or 204 ki 2nd assignment send kr do plz

sir meri book urdu main hai maths ki mujh problem horhi hai ab kia karu main

Dear brother 203 ke 3rd or 4th ke assignments kab tak upload ho jain gi?

Ap kn sa semester ma hn?

A.O.A Sir 209 General Home Economics ki assignment #3 upload kr dain plz agr upload ki hoe hai to please check kren link kaam nahi kr raha

sir matircr 221 plz

204 ki 3 no nahi hai bro wo kab aye gee....

Sir. Urdu 204 ki assignment 1 or 3 kb ay gi.

Pak study 202 assignment 2 open ni ho rahi....

Matric ki Pakistan studies ki pdf file 2 ni Hai. Kindly send it

Pak studies ki assignment 4 bhi kindly share kr dein

Plz sand PDFs coad no 202 exno 2 metric

Sir math 247 urdu mein assignment autumn2019 chaiye

Bhai 203 ki 3 or 4 upload kar dayn

202 ki last bhi upload KR dien bhaia

sir G 240 KI Asghinment kb mly gi

257 kb tk ay gi sir r apna whtsapp b share kr dyn plz

Sir 259 257 258 KB tk aay gi

395 315 347 inki assignments kaha hen?

Sir thankyou ap ki waja sa mare assignment completes ho pyi hain.

Sir matric mathematics 247 ki 1st assignment urdu mein upload krdijye

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Sir ap kay kuch answer galt hain

sir 202 ki assiment no 4 upload kar do

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Code 202 ki assignment 4 upload kar dain ThankQ .sir gee .

Sir code 252 258 259 ke solved assignments chahiya

Matric code 222 assignment kb uplaod hogi

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Thank u sir apny bhoot help ki h💕

A-0-A Bhai mana matric ki assignment abhi tak check nhi krwai IskA koe method ap bataa skty hein plzzz .....???

Aslam Oalikum 200 257 ki plz sb snd me

A-O-A Sir Plz send 395 code 2nd assignment..

252 & 259

sir i need 240 assignmnt plzz i need urgent

bhai code.204 urdo assiment no.4 complete ni hai

aslam o alikum 200 ki assignment 2 3 4 chiyan kindly

Sir plz code no 222 ki assignment no to tu send kar dain

206 ki snd kar dain plz

sir please 206 solve assignment Matric Autumn semester.

This comment has been removed by a blog administrator.

Sir 206 ke assignment nahi mill rahe ha

Sir. Spring 2020 Matric ke assignments bhi plz upload kr den. Jazak Allah

Sir matric ki 204 207 247urdu mein plzzzzz

Bro 204 (Urdu For Daily Use) ki solved assignments kab tak aa jaye gi ???

Sir fa ki 312 364 387 k please

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sir 207 ki asiment num 2 nae i kea

Sar cod 207 ki simaint pliz sand kar dany

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Sir code 247 r 204 ki assignment kb upload ho gi

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Sir spring 2020 ki assignment send Kar den

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Sir please upload matric solved assignment code 248 and 221 part 2 I am waiting

Sir 9th class urdu part 1 ki assignment kahan hai?

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426 B.A ki assignments mil jaye gi

sir ye download kesy ho gi?

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Matric 202 or 203

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Sir g 221 or 248 ke assignments kb ay ge

248 ka PDF hyperlink nahi hai

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Thanx 204 ki v assignmnt upload kr dyn plz

Bhai yah 247 ki assigmnt #2 thik ha ya nai plz bta do many half likh b liya ha......

247 assigmnt #2 sai ha ya nai

242assigmnt upload

221 english ki kb upload hongi

Asalmoalaikum sir kindly upload book code 202 assignment for class matric

Dear Sir, Please kindly 0202 SSC (Matric) ki SECOND assingment kab tak update ho jaye gi?

Sir kindly upload book code 0251 ETHIC Matric ki assingment upload kar da PlZ

Sir Urdu ki assignment no 2,3,4 kab upload hongi

Sir please kindly 242,256&257 SSC (Matric)ki all assignments Sri update kar do plz Sri

so thanks sir good working

Sri 242,256&257 SSC (Matric)Ki Assignment update Kar do Plz

Vegetable growing ki b update ker dejiue sukria

Sir 240 ki send kar da

Sir fa 364 ki

365 Ke Upload krle Plz.

Mai matric kar raha hoon mere pehla semester hua hai mene Science karna chata hoon metric plz sir muje reply lazmi dain .ThankQ sir gee

First Aid "II" ki assignment upload kardaen plz.

Information Technology Basics iski assignment no 1 ni ha

Fa solved assignment

Thank you so much friend.Boat help meli..mai ne all 4 semesters mai boat help li.. Allah ap ko ajar dy..

366 369 QUEST PAPER SAND KARO

Plz muje matic ki math ki assignment chahye 248 ki part 1 ki

Plz share assignment no 3 of matric course code 209

202"204"201" bai g me in cors cod ki assignment jma krwa choka hn 2019 me hi sari kya abi dubra bejni hai likh k plz help me smj nhi aa rahi....?

Sir Arabic (205) ki assignment kab ay gi?

Assignment no 3 of 209 is not opening plz help

Assignment code 0220 ha item 2020

Aoa sir kindly 209 kiii 3rd assginment or 260 kio 1st upload kr dye kafi dino se w8 kr rhy hy kindly plz

254 Live Stock Production ki assignment ka bta den.

Asslam O Alaikum Daniyal bhai matric 212 or 260 ki assignments kab upload karin gy

sir 254 ki tou send kardo

sir g code no 241 246 ke ni i

sir code no 241 246 ke assignment ne ai 10th class

Sir code 211 aur code 212 ki assignments kab upload hon gi? Thanx

Assignment mil 212, ki ?

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Sir 209 ki 3 assignment nai I sbi tak plz wo upload kar da

sir 202 code ki book ka imtehani mashak 3 short question no1 ka jawab nahi mil raha plese bhej din

209 KE 3RD ASSIGNMENT KAB TK UPLOAD HO GE???

Sir tareekh e barysagheer cod no 321 tu bata dayn plz

Metric general k Semester 2nd ki konsi books hai or code unka kia he

Sir Kindly upload 254 Book Asignments

Sir g plz bta dy k 202/201 ki assiment k bad kon se assiment krni ha jaldi bta dy

Plz code 205 ke solved assignmets kb aye ge plz aplowde kr dain

Arabic ki assigments avalible nh hain.

Sir Arabic code 205 ki assignment upload kar dain

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yar bhai plz 220 ki assignmet bhi upload karden

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aoa sir sari assignment upload kr dii hy kinldy ap 209 kii 3rd assginment upload kr dye plzzzzzzz

Sir you are doing a great job. May Allah give you more strength and happiness in your life

Aoa 205 Spring assignment b upload kr do plz 2020 ki

Pls sir 220 code no matric upload kerdain

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Opar upload to hy

212 code assignment upload kr do plz plz plz

Asslam o Alikum Sir Matric code assignment no. 209 ka link set kar day plz plz plz plz

Asslam o Alikum sir matrix pak study book 202 ki assignment Kb ay gae

Bhai g 220 ni ha

thanks sir i will reseave asigment

i shell b thank full to you

Kindly send me assignment no.2 of code 212

209 assingmnet no 3 sir cahye thi wo uplod nai hai plz agr ap ulod krdain toh

240 ke assgmint

Matric 220 send kr den plz or 215 ki 2nd assignment download ni o rae

Plz upload assignment autumn 2020

Sir Autumn 2020 ke code 205, 219 ke solved kb upload hon ge?

Sir Autumn 2020 code 204 ki Assingment upload kr dein kindaly...

204,207,247 Ka Ans seet

Code 207 and 247 plzz send me

bhai 202 kab tak a gi

functional english matric 221 solved assignment autumn 2020

Bhai 221 our 248

bhai 221 our 248

Sir, Autumn 2020 BA KEE KAB UPLOAD KARAY GAI

248 221 ya Assingment Upload Krin Shukaria

Bhi 247 ki first 6 uints ki assignment ni di ha abi plz da da

Bhai 0247 niii Aii

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Code 204 207 247 ki assigingments ni ha bhaii

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bhi 202 ki nhi ha

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A.O.A JNB YE BYTE GA K 247 AND 207 KHB THAK UPLOAD KER DY GYE KINDLY ?

Assalam o alaikum sir plzzz 209 ki assignment upload kardy

sir baki b sand kar da

Bahi 202 upload kar do please

Hi sir 209 and 205 ki solved assignment kb aye gi Autumn 2020 ki plzz jldi se upload kr do in dono books ki assignment

Kindly upload 221 and 248 solved assignment please.

Please upload assignment of 221 and 248

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AIOU Matric Solved Assignment (PDF Format)

By Teach Educator

Published on: February 17, 2024

AIOU Matric Solved Assignment

The AIOU Matric program is a secondary school certificate program. That is offered by the Allama Iqbal Open University (AIOU) in Pakistan. The program consists of four semesters, each lasting six months. The program aims to provide students with a basic education in various subjects. Such as Islamiyat, Pakistan Studies, Urdu, English, Mathematics, General Science, and elective courses.

Provided program also offers some vocational and technical courses. Such as Garment Making, Food and Nutrition, Lab Techniques, and Information Technology Basics. The program is designed to cater to the needs of different learners. Such as regular students, dropouts, working adults, and women.

Enroll in the Matric Program

To enroll in the Matric program, the minimum age requirement is 13 years. The students have to complete 48 credit hours of courses. Out of which 36 credit hours are compulsory and 12 credit hours are elective. The students have to submit assignments and appear for exams for each course. The assignments and exams are scheduled according to the academic calendar of the university.

Latest fee structure of the Matric program varies according to the course code and the number of credit hours. The fee includes admission fees, registration fees, course fees, examination fees, and other charges. The fee can be paid through bank challan or online payment. Here the fee structure for the Matric program for the year 2023 can be found on this website.

The admission for the Matric program is open for the spring and autumn 2023 semesters. The last date for admission with a late fee is 20th September 2023. The admission form and prospectus can be downloaded from the official website of the university. The students can also apply online through the AIOU Online Admission Portal.

Free Download AIOU Matric Solved Assignment in PDF Format

This website offers you the AIOU-solved assignments for the Matric, FA, BA, and Master programs for the autumn and spring 2023 sessions. You can download the assignments in PDF format according to your course code and assignment number.

AIOU Matric 6 Credit Solved Assignments

Autumn 2023 Assignment Submission Date

AIOU Matric Solved Assignment (3Credit)

AIOU Matric Solved Assignment Submission Date (3Credit)

I hope this article gives you a clear overview of the Matric program of AIOU . If you have any further questions or you can face any problems. Please feel free to ask, we can solve facing issue as soon as possible.

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Yekaterinburg & Sverdlovsk Oblast

History, Politics, and Economics

Yekaterinburg lies at the crossroads between Europe and Asia, east of the slopes of the Ural Mountains in central Russia. The continental divide is 30 kilometers west of the city. Yekaterinburg is Russia’s third or fourth largest city with a population of 1.5 million. It was founded in 1723 and is named for Peter the Great’s wife, Catherine I. Peter recognized the importance of Yekaterinburg and the surrounding region for the rapid industrial development necessary to bolster Russia’s military power.Today, Yekaterinburg is primarily known both as a center of heavy industry and steel-making, the Russian equivalent of Pittsburgh, and as a major freight transportation hub. Its major industries include ferrous and non-ferrous metallurgy, chemicals, timber, and pulp and paper. Yekaterinburg has long been an important trading center for goods coming from Siberia, Central Asia and Europe. The city also has a reputation as a center of higher education and research. The Urals Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences is located there with its 18 institutes and numerous research facilities linked to industry. Yekaterinburg is also well known as a center for the performing arts. Its Opera and Ballet Theater dates back to 1912. The Urals Philharmonic Orchestra is the largest symphony orchestra in central Russia.

Yekaterinburg is the capital of Sverdlovsk Oblast (an oblast is the equivalent of a American state). Economically, Sverdlovsk is among 10 of the 89 administrative subdivisions of the Russian Federation that are net contributors to the federal budget. Sverdlovsk has produced many prominent political figures, including Russia’s first President, Boris Yeltsin, and Russia’s first elected Governor, Eduard Rossel. Since the establishment of the Russian Federation, Sverdlovsk Oblast has been one of the nation’s leaders in political and economic reform. In 1996, Sverdlovsk became the first oblast to conclude agreements with the Federal Government granting it greater political autonomy and the right to conduct its own foreign economic relations.

Economic reform has gathered momentum in Sverdlovsk Oblast. The majority of Sverdlovsk’s industries have been privatized. 75% of enterprises are at least partially owned by private interests. About three-quarters of retail sales and industrial output is generated by private enterprise. Services have grown to 40 percent of oblast GDP, up from only 16 percent in 1992. About 25,000 small businesses are registered in the oblast. Small businesses make up about one-third of the construction, trade and food service.

Industry and Natural Resources

Sverdlovvsk Oblast, like most of the Urals region, possesses abundant natural resources. It is one of Russia’s leaders in mineral extraction. Sverdlovsk produces 70% of Russia’s bauxite, 60% of asbestos, 23% of iron, 97% of vanadium, 6% of copper and 2% of nickel. Forests cover 65% of the oblast. It also produces 6% of Russia’s timber and 7% of its plywood. Sverdlovsk has the largest GDP of any oblast in the Urals. The oblast’s major exports include steel (20% of its foreign trade turnover), chemicals (11%), copper (11%), aluminum (8%) and titanium (3%). In terms of industrial output, Sverdlovsk ranks second only to Moscow Oblast and produces 5% of Russia’s total. Ferrous metallurgy and machine-building still constitute a major part of the oblast’s economy. Yekaterinburg is well known for its concentration of industrial manufacturing plants. The city’s largest factories produce oil extraction equipment, tubes and pipes, steel rollers, steam turbines and manufacturing equipment for other factories.

Non-ferrous metallurgy remains a growth sector. The Verkhnaya Salda Titanium Plant (VSMPO) is the largest titanium works in Russia and the second largest in the world. A second growth sector is food production and processing, with many firms purchasing foreign equipment to upgrade production. The financial crisis has increased demand for domestically produced foodstuffs, as consumers can no longer afford more expensive imported products. Many of Yekaterinburg’s leading food processors — including the Konfi Chocolate Factory, Myasomoltorg Ice-Cream Plant, Myasokombinat Meat Packing Plant and Patra Brewery — have remained financially stable and look forward to growth.

Foreign Trade and Investment

Sverdlovsk Oblast offers investors opportunities mainly in raw materials (metals and minerals) and heavy industries (oil extraction and pipeline equipment). There is also interest in importing Western products in the fields of telecommunications, food processing, safety and security systems, and medicine and construction materials. Both Sverdlovsk Oblast and Yekaterinburg city officials have encouraged foreign investment and created a receptive business climate. The oblast has a Foreign Investment Support Department and a website which profiles over 200 local companies. The city government opened its own investment support center in 1998 to assist foreign companies. Despite local efforts, foreign investors face the same problems in Yekaterinburg as they do elsewhere in Russia. Customs and tax issues top the list of problem areas.

Sverdlovsk Oblast leads the Urals in attracting foreign investment The top five foreign investors are the U.S., UK, Germany, China and Cyprus. About 70 foreign firms have opened representative offices in Yekaterinburg, including DHL, Ford, IBM, Proctor and Gamble, and Siemens. Lufthansa airlines has opened a station in Yekaterinburg and offers three flights per week to Frankfurt.

America is Sverdlovsk’s number one investor with $114 million in investment and 79 joint ventures. The three largest U.S. investors are Coca-Cola, Pepsi and USWest. Coca-Cola and Pepsi both opened bottling plants in Yekaterinburg in 1998. USWest has a joint venture, Uralwestcom, which is one of Yekaterinburg’s leading companies in cellular phone sales and service. America is Sverdlovsk Oblast’s number one trading partner. In 1998, Boeing signed a ten-year titanium supply contract valued at approximately $200 million with the VSMPO titanium plant. Besides the U.S., Sverdlovsk’s top trading partners include Holland, Kazakhstan, Germany and the UK.

Yekaterinburg, like most of Russia, has a continental climate. The city is located at the source of the Iset River and is surrounded by lakes and hills. Temperatures tend to be mild in summer and severe in winter. The average temperature in January is -15.5C (4F), but occasionally reaches -40C (-40F). The average temperature in July is 17.5C (64F), but occasionally reaches 40C (104F). Current weather in Yekaterinburg from  http://www.gismeteo.ru/ .

• Sverdlovsk Oblast Map
• Yekaterinburg Map

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Yekaterinburg city, Russia

The capital city of Sverdlovsk oblast .

Yekaterinburg - Overview

Yekaterinburg or Ekaterinburg (Sverdlovsk in 1924-1991) is the fourth most populous city in Russia (after Moscow, St. Petersburg, and Novosibirsk), the administrative center of the Ural Federal District and Sverdlovsk Oblast.

This city is one of the country’s largest transport and logistics hubs, as well as an important industrial center. It is unofficially called the “capital of the Urals.”

The population of Yekaterinburg is about 1,493,600 (2022), the area - 468 sq. km.

The phone code - +7 343, the postal codes - 620000-620920.

Ekaterinburg city flag

Ekaterinburg city coat of arms.

Ekaterinburg city map, Russia

Ekaterinburg city latest news and posts from our blog:.

26 May, 2020 / Unique Color Photos of Yekaterinburg in 1909 .

2 December, 2018 / Yekaterinburg - the view from above .

21 November, 2018 / Abandoned Railway Tunnel in Didino .

4 December, 2017 / Stadiums and Matches of the World Cup 2018 in Russia .

3 January, 2017 / Ekaterinburg, the Capital of the Urals: Then and Now .

More posts..

News, notes and thoughts:

4 April, 2011   / Free travel on new high-speed trains should allay fans' fears about long journey to Ekaterinburg - the most far-flung city on Russia's list of sites for 2018 World Cup. Let's hope the train will not break down in the middle of nowhere.

1 February, 2011   / Today is the 80th anniversary of the birth of Boris Yeltsin, the first president of Russia. President Medvedev today unveiled a monument to Yeltsin in his home city Ekaterinburg. First one in Russia.

History of Yekaterinburg

Foundation of yekaterinburg.

The territory along the Iset River, which served as a convenient transport route from the Ural Mountains deep into Siberia, has long attracted settlers. The oldest of the currently discovered settlements on the territory of present Yekaterinburg was located next to the Palkinsky Stone Tents rock massif and dates back to the 6th millennium BC.

From the 7th-3rd centuries BC, ancient metallurgists who mastered the smelting of copper lived in this settlement. Copper figures of birds, animals, people, arrowheads, various household items were found here. Later they learned how to make iron products. All discovered settlements were destroyed as a result of fires, possibly during raids of the conquerors.

The territory occupied by present Yekaterinburg became part of Russia in the middle of the 17th century. At that time, it had practically no permanent population. The first Russian settlements were founded in the second half of the 17th century. At the beginning of the 18th century, the first ironworks were built here.

In the spring of 1723, by decree of Emperor Peter I, the construction of the largest iron-making plant in Russia began on the banks of the Iset River. Construction began on the initiative of Vasily Tatishchev (a prominent Russian statesman). He was supported by Georg Wilhelm de Gennin (a German-born Russian military officer and engineer), on the initiative of which the fortress plant was named Yekaterinburg in honor of Empress Catherine I (Yekaterina in Russian), the wife of Peter I.

More Historical Facts…

The historic birthday of Yekaterinburg is November 18, 1723. On this day, a test run of the plant equipment was carried out. Its main products included iron, cast iron, and copper. In 1725, the Yekaterinburg Mint began production on the territory of the fortress and became the main producer of copper coins in the Russian Empire. Until 1876, it produced about 80% of the country’s copper coins. In the 1720s, the population of Yekaterinburg was about 4,000 people.

Yekaterinburg - one of the economic centers of the Russian Empire

In the middle of the 18th century, the first ore gold in Russia was discovered in this region, which was the beginning of the gold industry in the country. As a result, Yekaterinburg became the center of a whole system of densely located plants and began to develop as the capital of the mining region, which spread on both sides of the Ural Range.

In 1781, Catherine II granted Yekaterinburg the status of a county town in the Perm Governorate. The population of the town was about 8,000 people. In 1783, the town received a coat of arms depicting an ore mine and a melting furnace, which symbolized its mining and metallurgical industries (similar images are depicted on the current coat of arms and flag of Yekaterinburg).

In 1783, the Great Siberian Road was opened - the main road of the Russian Empire that passed through Yekaterinburg. It served as an impetus for the transformation of Yekaterinburg into a transport hub and a center of trade. Thus, Yekaterinburg, among other towns of the Perm Governorate, became the key town for the development of the boundless and rich Siberia, the “window to Asia”, just as St. Petersburg was the Russian “window to Europe.”

In 1808, the Yekaterinburg plant was closed, and the history of the town entered a new stage related to the development of a large regional center with a diversified economy. At the beginning of the 19th century, the gold mining industry flourished. At the same time, deposits of emeralds, sapphires, aquamarines, diamonds, and other precious, semiprecious, and ornamental stones were discovered in the Urals. Yekaterinburg became one of the world centers for their artistic processing.

After the abolition of serfdom in 1861, the mining industry of the Urals experienced a severe crisis, a number of plants were closed. In 1878, the first railway was constructed across the Urals and connected Yekaterinburg with Perm. In 1888, the Yekaterinburg-Tyumen railway was built, and in 1897 - the railway to Chelyabinsk, which provided access to the Trans-Siberian Railway. Yekaterinburg became a major railway junction, which contributed to the development of the local food industry, especially flour milling. In 1913, the population of Yekaterinburg was about 69,000 people.

Yekaterinburg in the first years of Soviet power

On November 8, 1917, Soviet power was established in Yekaterinburg. On April 30, 1918, the last Russian emperor Nicholas II and his family members with a few servants were transported from Tobolsk to Yekaterinburg. They were placed in the “House of Special Purpose”, the mansion of engineer Nikolai Ipatiev requisitioned for this purpose, and transferred under the supervision and responsibility of the Ural Regional Soviet.

In July 1918, units of the White Siberian army approached Yekaterinburg, under this pretext the leadership of the Ural Regional Soviet decided to shoot the imperial family. On the night of July 16-17, 1918, it was done in the basement of the Ipatiev House.

10 days later, units of the Czechoslovak Legion entered Yekaterinburg. Over the next 12 months, it was under the control of anti-Bolshevik forces. On July 14, 1919, the Red Army reoccupied the city. Soviet authorities and the Yekaterinburg Province with a center in Yekaterinburg were restored. In 1920, the population of the city was about 94,400 people.

The political center of the Urals moved from Perm to Yekaterinburg. In 1923, Yekaterinburg became the administrative center of the vast Ural Oblast, which in size exceeded the territory of the present Ural Federal District of Russia. In 1924, the city council decided to rename the capital of the new region to Sverdlovsk - in honor of Yakov Sverdlov, a Bolshevik party administrator and chairman of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee.

Sverdlovsk - a Soviet industrial giant

During the years of Stalin’s industrialization, Sverdlovsk was turned into a powerful industrial center. The old factories were reconstructed and new large factories were built, including giant machine-building and metal processing plants. In 1933, the construction of the future flagship of Soviet engineering (Uralmash) was completed. The population of Sverdlovsk grew by more than 3 times, and it became one of the fastest growing cities in the USSR.

January 17, 1934, Ural Oblast was divided into three regions - Sverdlovsk Oblast with a center in Sverdlovsk, Chelyabinsk Oblast with a center in Chelyabinsk, and Ob-Irtysh Oblast with a center in Tyumen. By the end of the 1930s, there were 140 industrial enterprises, 25 research institutes, 12 higher educational institutions in Sverdlovsk. In 1939, the population of the city was about 425,500 people.

Along with other Ural cities, Sverdlovsk made a significant contribution to the victory of the USSR in the Second World War. In total, more than 100,000 residents of the city joined the Red Army. 41,772 people didn’t return from the war: 21,397 - killed in battles, 4,778 - died from wounds in hospitals, 15,491 - went missing, 106 - died in prisoner of war camps.

Sverdlovsk became the largest evacuation point, more than 50 large and medium enterprises from the western regions of Russia and Ukraine were evacuated here. During the war years, industrial production in Sverdlovsk grew 7 times.

After the war, this city became the largest center for engineering and metalworking in Russia. During the Cold War, Sverdlovsk, as a key center of the defense industry, was practically closed to foreigners. In 1960, in the sky above the city, Soviet air defense shot down the U-2 spy plane of the US manned by Francis Gary Powers.

On January 23, 1967, a millionth resident was born in the city and Sverdlovsk became one of the first Russian cities with a population of more than 1 million people. In 1979, Sverdlovsk was included in the list of historical cities of Russia.

On October 4, 1988, a serious accident occurred at the Sverdlovsk railway station. The train carrying almost 100 tons of explosives rolled downhill and crashed into a coal freight train. An explosion occurred, aggravated by the proximity of a large warehouse of fuels and lubricants. The funnel at the site of the explosion had a diameter of 40-60 meters and a depth of 8 meters, the shock wave spread 10-15 kilometers. The explosion killed 4 people at the station and injured more than 500 people. About 600 houses were severely damaged.

Yekaterinburg - one of the largest cities of the Russian Federation

On September 4, 1991, the Sverdlovsk City Council of People’s Deputies decided to return the city its original name - Yekaterinburg. The population of the city was about 1,375,000 people. The restrictions on foreign visitors to the city were also lifted, and soon the first consulate general was opened here - the United States of America (in 1994).

The transition to a market economy led to a reduction in production at industrial enterprises, inert giant plant found themselves in a particularly difficult situation. In 1991, the construction of the television tower was stopped. The city was flooded with chaotic small retail trade in temporary pavilions and markets. These years were the heyday of organized crime, Yekaterinburg became one of the “criminal capitals” of Russia. The economic situation began to improve by the end of the 1990s.

In 2000-2003, the Church on Blood in Honour of All Saints Resplendent in the Russian Land was built on the site of the Ipatiev House in Yekaterinburg. In 2008-2009, the Koltsovo Airport was reconstructed. In June 15-17, 2009, SCO (Shanghai Cooperation Organization) and BRIC (Brasilia, Russia, India, China) summits were held in Yekaterinburg.

In 2015, the Presidential Center of Boris Yeltsin, the first president of Russia, was opened in Yekaterinburg. On March 24, 2018, the abandoned unfinished television tower was dismantled. It was the tallest building in the city (almost 240 meters) and became one of the symbols of Yekaterinburg. 4 matches of FIFA World Cup 2018 were played in Yekaterinburg.

Today, Yekaterinburg is the largest center of attraction not only of Sverdlovsk Oblast, but also of the surrounding regions. By some socio-economic indicators, this city ranks third in Russia, after Moscow and St. Petersburg. Along with the development of trade and business, the city lost the status of the country’s largest industrial center.

On the streets of Yekaterinburg

Soviet-era apartment buildings in Yekaterinburg

Author: Alex Kolm

In the central part of Yekaterinburg

Author: Serg Fokin

Yekaterinburg street view

Author: Krutikov S.V.

Yekaterinburg - Features

Yekaterinburg is located in the floodplain of the Iset River on the eastern slope of the Middle Urals in Asia, near its border with Europe, about 1,800 km east of Moscow. Since the Ural Mountains are very old, there are no significant hills in the city.

This relief was a favorable condition for the construction of the main transport routes from Central Russia to Siberia (the Siberian Route and the Trans-Siberian Railway) through Yekaterinburg. As a result, it has become one of the most strategically important centers of Russia, which still provides a link between the European and Asian parts of the country.

Yekaterinburg is located in the border zone of temperate continental and continental climates. It is characterized by a sharp variability in weather conditions with well-defined seasons. The Ural Mountains, despite their low height, block the way to the masses of air coming from the west from the European part of Russia.

As a result, the Middle Urals is open to the invasion of cold Arctic air and continental air of the West Siberian Plain. At the same time, warm air masses of the Caspian Sea and the deserts of Central Asia can freely enter this territory from the south.

That is why the city is characterized by sharp temperature fluctuations and the formation of weather anomalies: in winter from severe frosts to thaws and rains, in summer from heat above plus 35 degrees Celsius to frosts. The average temperature in January is minus 12.6 degrees Celsius, in July - plus 19 degrees Celsius.

The city has a rather unfavorable environmental situation due to air pollution. In 2016, Yekaterinburg was included in the list of Russian cities with the worst environmental situation by this indicator. Car emissions account for more than 90% of all pollution.

Yekaterinburg ranks third in Russia (after Moscow and St. Petersburg) in the number of diplomatic missions, while their consular districts extend far beyond Sverdlovsk Oblast, and serve other regions of the Urals, Siberia, and the Volga region.

In terms of economy, Yekaterinburg also ranks third in the country. It is one of the largest financial and business centers of Russia. The main branches of production: metallurgical production and metalworking, food production, production of electrical equipment, electronic and optical equipment, production of vehicles, production of machinery and equipment, chemical production.

Almost all types of urban public transport are presented in Yekaterinburg: buses, trolleybuses, trams, subways, taxis. Yekaterinburg is the third largest transportation hub in Russia: 6 federal highways, 7 main railway lines, as well as Koltsovo International Airport, one of the country’s largest airports. The location of Yekaterinburg in the central part of the region allows you to get from it to any major city of the Urals in 7-10 hours.

Yekaterinburg has an extensive scientific and technical potential, it is one of the largest scientific centers in Russia. The Presidium and about 20 institutes of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 66 research institutes, and about 30 universities are located here.

This city is a relatively large tourist center. A significant part of tourists visit it to honor the memory of the last Russian emperor and his family killed by the Bolsheviks in the basement of the Ipatiev House in 1918.

There are about 50 different museums in Yekaterinburg. One of the world’s largest collections of constructivist architectural monuments has been preserved here. In total, there are over 600 historical and cultural monuments in the city, of which 43 are objects of federal significance. The City Day of Yekaterinburg is celebrated on the third Saturday of August.

Interesting facts about Yekaterinburg

• It was founded by the decree of the first Russian Emperor Peter I and the last Russian Emperor Nicholas II was shot here;
• In 1820, the roof of the UK Parliament building in London was made of roofing iron produced in Yekaterinburg;
• Ural steel was used in the construction of the Eiffel Tower in Paris;
• Ural copper was used in the construction of the Statue of Liberty in New York;
• During the Second World War, Sverdlovsk was the center of broadcasting in the USSR;
• Equipment for the world’s deepest borehole (Kola Superdeep Borehole, 12,262 meters) was produced in Yekaterinburg;
• Boris Yeltsin, the first president of Russia, began his political career in Yekaterinburg;
• Minor planet #27736 Yekaterinburg, discovered by the Belgian astronomer Eric Elst on September 22, 1990, was named in honor of this city;
• Two most northern skyscrapers in the world are located in Yekaterinburg: the Iset residential tower (209 m) and the Vysotsky business center (188 m), they are the tallest buildings throughout Russia east of Moscow.

Pictures of Yekaterinburg

Yekaterinburg city view

Author: Andrey Zagaynov

Modern architecture in Yekaterinburg

Author: Yury Baranov

The territory of the central stadium of Yekaterinburg before reconstruction

Author: Sergey Likhota

Main Attractions of Yekaterinburg

Sevastyanov House - a palace of the first quarter of the 19th century built in the architectural styles of pseudo-Gothic, Neo-Baroque, and Moorish traditions and painted in green, white, and red tones. Today, it is the most beautiful building in Yekaterinburg and one of its symbols. The house stands on the promenade of the Iset River, very close to the city dam. Lenina Avenue, 35.

“Plotinka” - the dam of the city pond on the Iset River built in the 18th century. From an architectural point of view, it is an ordinary bridge. However, it is of particular importance for the residents of Yekaterinburg since the construction of the entire city started from this place. Today, this is the main place for festivities in Yekaterinburg. Lenina Avenue.

Observation Deck of the Business Center “Vysotsky” - an open-air observation deck on the 52nd floor at an altitude of 168 meters. From here you can enjoy the views of all of Yekaterinburg. On the second and third floors of this skyscraper there is the memorial museum of Vladimir Vysotsky - a singer, songwriter, and actor who had an immense effect on Soviet culture. Malysheva Street, 51.

Vaynera Street - the central avenue of Yekaterinburg, the so-called “Ural Arbat”. One of its parts from Kuibysheva Street to Lenina Avenue is a pedestrian street. This is one of the oldest streets in Yekaterinburg laid in the middle of the 18th century. Along it, you can see merchant mansions, shops, administrative buildings, most of which were built in the late 19th and first half of the 20th centuries.

Rastorguev-Kharitonov Palace (1794-1824) - one of the most valuable architectural manor and park ensembles in Yekaterinburg, an architectural monument of federal significance built in the classical style and located in the city center. Karla Libknekhta Street, 44.

Church of the Ascension (1792-1818) - one of the oldest churches in Yekaterinburg located next to the Rastorguev-Kharitonov Palace. This beautiful building combines the features of baroque, pseudo-Russian style, and classicism. Klary Tsetkin Street, 11.

Yeltsin Center - a cultural and educational center dedicated to the contemporary history of Russia, as well as the personality of its first president, Boris Yeltsin. The museum dedicated to his life is one of the best museums in Russia. Borisa Yeltsina Street, 3.

Yekaterinburg Museum of Fine Arts - the largest art museum in the Urals housed in two buildings. This museum is best known for its unique collection of Kasli art castings and the world-famous Kasli cast iron pavilion - a participant in the 1900 Paris World’s Fair.

The following collections can also be found here: Russian paintings of the 18th - early 20th centuries, Russian avant-garde of 1910-1920, Russian porcelain and glass of the 18th - 20th centuries, Russian icon painting of the 16th-19th centuries, Western European art of the 14th-19th centuries, stone-carving and jewelry art of the Urals, Zlatoust decorated weapons and steel engraving. Voevodina Street, 5; Vaynera Street, 11.

Museum of the History of Stone-Cutting and Jewelry Art . A unique collection of this museum consists of gem minerals, works of jewelers and stone-cutters of the Urals, and products created at the Ural lapidary factory. The museum has Malachite and Bazhov halls, the Emerald Room, and several exhibition galleries where visitors can see works made of colored stone and metal created by local artists. Lenina Avenue, 37.

Sverdlovsk Regional Museum of Local Lore . At first, its collection consisted of four departments: mineralogical, botanical, zoological, and paleontological. Later, numismatic, ethnographic, and anthropological sections were added. Today, there are more than 700 thousand exhibits here. Lenina Avenue, 69/10.

Museum of the History of Yekaterinburg . This museum occupies a historic building of the 19th century. In addition to the main exhibition, you can see the wax figures of Peter the Great, Catherine II, Nicholas II, the Ural manufacturers Demidov, and the founders of Yekaterinburg.

Old Railway Station of Yekaterinburg - one of the most beautiful and picturesque buildings in the city built in 1878. In 2003, after a large-scale reconstruction, the Museum of the History of Science and Technology of the Sverdlovsk Railway was opened here. Vokzal’naya Ulitsa, 14.

Yekaterinburg Circus . Visible from a lot of points of the city, the building of the Yekaterinburg Circus is known for its amazing dome consisting of trellised openwork semi-arches, which is not typical for circuses in Russia. 8 Marta Street, 43.

White Tower (1929-1931) - a former water tower 29 meters high located at a certain distance from the center of Yekaterinburg, an architectural monument of Constructivism. Today, it is used as a cultural site. Bakinskikh Komissarov Street, 2?.

Keyboard Monument - a contemporary art object made on a scale of 30:1 in 2005. This 16x4 meter concrete keyboard consists of 104 keys spaced 15 cm apart. From here the famous tourist route “Red Line” begins (a self-guided tour of the historic city center). The monument is located on the embankment of the Iset River next to the House of the Merchant Chuvildin (Gorkogo Street, 14A).

Ekaterinburg city of Russia photos

Places of interest in yekaterinburg.

Sculpture of talking townspeople in Yekaterinburg

Author: Pichugin Mikhail

Old buildings in Yekaterinburg

Author: Andrew Golovin

Wooden Church of the Holy Martyr Arkady in Yekaterinburg

Author: Kutenyov Vladimir

Street transport of Yekaterinburg

Tram in Yekaterinburg

Author: Andrey Permyakov

Bus in Yekaterinburg

Author: Per Heitmann

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Sverdlovsk Oblast

Natural resources

Early history, medieval history and russian expansion, rise of the mining-metallurgical era, soviet ural, post-soviet transition, administrative divisions, demographics, settlements, ethnic groups, chairmen of the oblast duma, chairmen of the house of representatives of the legislative assembly, economy and transportation, sister relationships, notable people, external links.

Most of the oblast is spread over the eastern slopes of the Middle and North Urals and the Western Siberian Plain . Only in the southwest does the oblast stretch onto the western slopes of the Ural Mountains .

The highest mountains all rise in the North Urals, Konzhakovsky Kamen at 1,569 metres (5,148   ft) and Denezhkin Kamen at 1,492 metres (4,895   ft) . The Middle Urals is mostly hilly country with no discernible peaks; the mean elevation is closer to 300 to 500 metres (980 to 1,640   ft) above sea level. [9] Principal rivers include the Tavda , the Tura , the Chusovaya , and the Ufa , the latter two being tributaries of the Kama .

Sverdlovsk Oblast borders with, clockwise from the west, Perm Krai , the Komi Republic , Khanty–Mansi Autonomous Okrug , Tyumen Oblast , Kurgan , and Chelyabinsk Oblasts , and the Republic of Bashkortostan .

The area is traversed by the northeasterly line of equal latitude and longitude.

Rich in natural resources, the oblast is especially famous for metals ( iron , copper , gold , platinum ), minerals ( asbestos , gemstones , talcum ), marble and coal . It is mostly here that the bulk of Russian industry was concentrated in the 18th and 19th centuries.

The area has continental climate patterns, with long cold winters (average temperatures reaching −15   °C (5   °F) to −25   °C (−13   °F) on the Western Siberian Plain) and short warm summers. Only in the southeast of the oblast do temperatures reach +30   °C (86   °F) in July.

• You can help expand this section with text translated from the corresponding article in Russian . (November 2020) Click [show] for important translation instructions. View a machine-translated version of the Russian article.

The territory of the region has been inhabited since ancient times. Numerous sites of ancient people were discovered, dating from the Paleolithic to the Iron Age. The Upper Paleolithic includes the Garinsky site on the right bank of the Sosva river near the village of Gari , the site in the Shaitansky grotto, and the site in the Bezymyanny cave (X millennium BC). [10] [11] In 1890, the 11 thousand years old (Mesolithic) Shigir idol was discovered. [12]

A settlement and a burial ground in the Kalmatsky Brod tract are located on the right bank of the Iset river and date back to the Sarmatian time (from the 3rd century BC to the 2nd century AD). They belong to the Kalmak archaeological culture. In the Kalmatsky Brod burial ground, the skeletal skulls were strongly deformed by tight bandaging in early childhood, which indicates the penetration of steppe ethnic elements to the north. [13]

There are numerous pictograms on the Koptelovsky stone, on the Oblique stone, on the Two-eyed stone, Starichnaya, Serginskaya, the rock paintings of the Bronze Age on the Neyva River, Tagil River (villages Brekhovaya, Gaevaya, Komelskaya), rock carvings on Shaitan-Kamen on the right bank of the Rezh river tied to indigenous Ural population, possibly speakers of a Ugric language . [14] [15] The Gostkovskaya Pisanitsa refers to the Middle Ages. [12]

Before the first Russian colonists arrived to the region, it was populated by various Turkic and Ugrian tribes. By the 16th century, when the Middle Urals were under influence of various Tatar khanates, the strongest local state was the Vogul Pelym principality with its center in Pelym .

The Russian conquest of the Khanate of Kazan in the 1550s paved the way further east, which was now free from Tatar depredations (see Yermak Timofeyevich ). The first surviving Russian settlements in the area date back to the late 16th   – early 17th centuries ( Verkhoturye , 1598; Turinsk , 1600; Irbit , 1633; Alapayevsk , 1639). At that time, those small trading posts were governed under Siberian administration in Tobolsk . After the 1708 administrative reform, Verkhoturye, Pelym and Turinsk became a part of the new Siberian Governorate , in 1737 their territories were assigned to the Kazan Governorate .

During the 18th century, rich resources of iron and coal made Ural an industrial heartland of Russia. After getting control over Ural mines, the Demidov family put the region in the forefront of Russian industrialization. Yekaterinburg , Nevyansk and Tagil ironworks, founded in the 1700s to 1720s, soon joined the ranks of the major producers in Europe. Throughout the 18th and 19th century those newly founded factory towns enjoyed a status of special mining-metallurgical districts allowed to have a certain rate of financial and proprietary autonomy. During the 1781 reform middle Ural finally got its own regional administration in the form of the Perm Governorate .

When in 1812 the Russian government legalized gold digging for its citizens, Middle Ural became a center of gold mining. Entrepreneurs of the Perm Governorate also started the gold rush in West Siberia, soon Yekaterinburgers began to dominate the Russian market of precious metals and gemstones.

After the emancipation reform of 1861 , major Middle Uralian industries that were heavily dependent on serf labor entered decline, although it also allowed light industry to thrive. In 1878, Perm and Yekaterinburg were connected with a railroad, in 1888, railroads reached Tyumen , and ultimately, in 1897, Yekaterinburg joined the Trans-Siberian network . Emergence of railroad transportation helped to revitalize economy of Ural.

The Bolsheviks established their power in Yekaterinburg and Perm during the first days of the October Revolution of 1917. In early 1918 the dethroned Czar Nicholas II and his family were transferred under custody to Yekaterinburg. Local Bolsheviks decided autonomously to execute the royal family on July 17, 1918, to prevent its rescue of by the approaching White Army forces. Ten days later Yekaterinburg was captured by the Czechoslovak troops of Sergei Wojciechowski . For the next year the Anti-bolshevik forces took control over the region. On 19 August 1918, Provisional Government of Ural was formed in Yekaterinburg by a coalition of liberal and democratic socialist parties, it was supposed to serve as a buffer between the Komuch and Provisional Siberian governments. After the Kolchak coup d'état in Omsk in November 1918, the Government of Ural was disbanded.

In July 1919, in the course of the Yekaterinburg offense, Yekaterinburg and the surrounding areas were recaptured by the Red Army forces under command of Vasily Shorin . On the July 15th, the Perm Governorate was split by the Soviets and the east, for the first time in history, became a separate region, the Yekaterinburg Governorate. It was soon abolished and replaced by the Ural Oblast (1923-1934).

In the 1930s many industrial enterprises were established and built with the help of forced labour. [16] Local industry received another impetus during World War II, when important producing facilities were relocated here from the European part of Russia to safeguard them from the advancing Germans (for example, IMZ-Ural , Kamensk-Uralsky Metallurgical Works ). In the postwar period much of the region was off-limits to foreigners. It was over Sverdlovsk that the American U-2 spy plane pilot Gary Powers was shot down on May 1, 1960, while on a reconnaissance mission.

In 1979, there was an anthrax outbreak caused by an accident in a facility to develop biological weapons.

In 1993, Governor Eduard Rossel responded to perceived economic inequality by attempting to create a " Ural Republic ." Sverdlovsk led the "Urals Five" ( Kurgan Oblast , Orenburg Oblast , Perm Krai , Chelyabinsk Oblast and Sverdlovsk) in a call for greater regional power. They argued that the oblasts deserved as much power as the ethnic homeland republics . The Urals Republic Constitution went into effect on October 27, 1993. Then Russian President Boris Yeltsin dissolved the Urals Republic and the Sverdlovsk Parliament 10 days later (on November 9).

Population : 4,268,998   ( 2021 Census ) ; [5] 4,297,747   ( 2010 Russian census ) ; [17] 4,486,214   ( 2002 Census ) ; [18] 4,716,768   ( 1989 Soviet census ) . [19]

Vital statistics for 2022: [20] [21]

• Births: 39,958 (9.4 per 1,000)
• Deaths: 59,316 (13.9 per 1,000)

Total fertility rate (2022): [22] 1.56 children per woman

Life expectancy (2021): [23] Total — 68.79 years (male   — 63.72, female   — 73.80)

There were twenty-one recognized ethnic groups of more than two thousand persons each in the oblast. Residents identified themselves as belonging to a total of 148 different ethnic groups, including: [17]

• 3,684,843 Russians (90.6%);
• 143,803 Tatars (3.5%);
• 35,563 Ukrainians (0.9%);
• 31,183 Bashkirs (0.8%);
• 23,801 Mari (0.6%);
• 14,914 Germans (0.4%);
• 14,215 Azerbaijanis (0.3%);
• 13,789 Udmurts (0.3%);
• 11,670 Belarusians (0.3%);
• 11,510 Chuvash (0.26%);
• 11,501 Armenians (0.3%);
• 11,138 Tajiks (0.3%);
• 9,702 Mordovians (0.22%);
• 9,358 Uzbeks (0.2%);

232,978 people were registered from administrative databases, and could not declare an ethnicity. It is estimated that the proportion of ethnicities in this group is the same as that of the declared group. [24]

Christianity is the largest religion in Sverdlovsk Oblast. According to a 2012 survey [25] 43% of the population of Sverdlovsk Oblast adheres to the Russian Orthodox Church , 5% are nondenominational Christians (excluding Protestant churches), 3% are Muslims , 2% are Orthodox Christian believers without belonging to any Church or are members of other Orthodox churches , 1% are adherents of the Slavic native faith (Rodnovery), and 0.3% are adherents of forms of Hinduism ( Vedism , Krishnaism or Tantrism ). In addition, 36% of the population declares to be "spiritual but not religious", and 9.7% is atheist . [25]

The most important institutions of higher education include Ural Federal University , Ural State Medical University , Ural State University of Economics , Ural State Law University , Ural State Mining University and Ural State Academy of Architecture and Arts , all located in the capital Yekaterinburg.

The oblast's Charter, adopted on 17 December 1994, with subsequent amendments, establishes the oblast government. The Governor is the chief executive, who appoints the Government, consisting of ministries and departments. The Chairman of the Government, commonly referred to as the Prime Minister, is appointed with the consent of the lower house of the legislature , a process similar to the appointment of the federal Prime Minister . But the Governor cannot nominate the same candidate more than twice, yet he/she can dismiss the house after three failed attempts to appoint the Premier. [ needs update ]

The Legislative Assembly is the regional parliament of Sverdlovsk Oblast. Until 2011, it was a bicameral legislature consisting of the Oblast Duma, the lower house , and the House of Representatives, the upper house . [27] Before the reform, members of the legislature served four-year terms with half of the Duma re-elected every two years. The Duma (28   members) was elected in party lists. The 21   members of the House of Representatives were elected in single-seat districts in a first-past-the-post system. The Legislative Assembly was the first bicameral legislature outside an autonomous republic, and the first regional legislature in Russia to elect members based on both party lists and single-seat districts . As of 2021, the Legislative Assembly is a unicameral legislature with a total of 50 seats, with half of the members elected by single-mandate constituencies and the other half elected in party lists for five-year terms. [28] [29]

Compliance with the Charter is enforced by the Charter Court. The existence of such regional courts in Russia, formed and functioning outside the federal judiciary, although challenged, has been upheld and persisted successfully in most constituent members of the Federation where they were established.

Until President Putin 's reforms of 2004, the Governor was elected by direct vote for terms of four years. Eduard Rossel has been the only elected governor (first elected governor for an oblast in Russia) since 1995 (appointed in 1991 and dismissed in 1993 by President Yeltsin ), re-elected in 1999 and 2003.

Since 2012, the oblast's Governor is Yevgeny Kuyvashev .

In the 1990s, the Oblast's population was distinguished by relatively high support for parties and candidates of the right and democratic persuasion. In the 1996 presidential election, Boris Yeltsin , a native of the region who lived in Sverdlovsk until the 1980s, won over 70% of the vote. In the regional elections in 2010 in the Sverdlovsk Oblast, United Russia received minimal support relative to other regions - only 39.79% of votes. [30]

Even though it could do with modernizing, the region's industries are quite diverse. 12% of Russia's iron and steel industry is still concentrated in Sverdlovsk oblast. Iron and copper are mined and processed here, the logging industry and wood-processing are important, too.

The largest companies in the region include Ural Mining and Metallurgical Company , UralVagonZavod , Enel Russia , Nizhniy Tagil Iron and Steel Works , Federal Freight . [31]

Yekaterinburg is a prominent road, rail and air hub in the Ural region. As the economic slump subsided, several European airlines started or resumed flights to the city. These include Lufthansa , British Airways , CSA , Turkish Airlines , Austrian Airlines and Finnair . Malév Hungarian Airlines used to be among those carriers but they had to drop their flights to SVX ( IATA airport code for Sverdlovsk) after a few months.

The Alapaevsk narrow-gauge railway serves the communities around Alapayevsk .

• Bà Rịa–Vũng Tàu province , Vietnam
• Harbin , China
• Vladik Dzhabarov , Russian cyclist
• Andrey Fedyaev , Russian cosmonaut
• Yakov Sverdlov , a communist revolutionary after whom Sverdlovsk and subsequently Sverdlovsk Oblast were named.
• Church of the Purification of the Blessed Virgin Mary , a building of regional historical significance in Staropyshminsk village.

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Alapayevsk is a town in Sverdlovsk Oblast, Russia, located at the confluence of the Neyva and Alapaikha rivers. Population: 38,192 (2010 Russian census) ; 44,263 ; 50,060 ; 49,000 (1968).

Kushva is a town in Sverdlovsk Oblast, Russia, located in the Ural Mountains near Yekaterinburg. Population: 30,167 (2010 Russian census) ; 35,555 (2002 Census) ; 43,096 (1989 Soviet census) .

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Verkhnyaya Pyshma is a town in Sverdlovsk Oblast, Russia, located 1 kilometer (0.62 mi) north of Yekaterinburg. Population: 59,749 (2010 Russian census) ; 58,016 (2002 Census) ; 53,102 (1989 Soviet census) .

Novouralsk is a closed town in Sverdlovsk Oblast, Russia, located on the eastern side of the Ural Mountains, about 70 kilometers (43 mi) north of Yekaterinburg, the administrative center of the oblast. Population: 85,522 (2010 Russian census) ; 95,414 (2002 Census) .

Krasnoufimsk is a town in Sverdlovsk Oblast, Russia, located on the Ufa River, 224 kilometers (139 mi) from Yekaterinburg. Population: 39,765 (2010 Russian census) ; 43,595 (2002 Census) ; 45,618 (1989 Soviet census) .

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Kachkanar is a town in Sverdlovsk Oblast, Russia, located between the Isa and Vyya Rivers in the Tura River's basin, 205 kilometers (127 mi) north of Yekaterinburg, the administrative center of the oblast. Population: 41,426 (2010 Russian census) ; 44,664 (2002 Census) ; 48,251 (1989 Soviet census) . The town of Kachkanar is located at the foot of mountain Kachkanar.

Ivdel is a town in Sverdlovsk Oblast, Russia, located on the Ivdel River near its confluence with the Lozva River, 535 kilometers (332 mi) north of Yekaterinburg, the administrative center of the oblast. Population: 17,775 (2010 Russian census) ; 19,324 (2002 Census) ; 19,014 (1989 Soviet census) .

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Pelym is an urban locality under the administrative jurisdiction of the Town of Ivdel in Sverdlovsk Oblast, Russia. Population: 3,376 (2010 Russian census) ; 3,708 (2002 Census) .

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Isetsky District is an administrative district (raion), one of the twenty-two in Tyumen Oblast, Russia. As a municipal division, it is incorporated as Isetsky Municipal District . It is located in the west of the oblast. The area of the district is 2,751 square kilometers (1,062 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality of Isetskoye. Population: 26,061 ; 26,565 (2002 Census) ; 25,862 (1989 Soviet census) . The population of Isetskoye accounts for 28.7% of the district's total population.

Bisert is an urban locality in Nizhneserginsky District of Sverdlovsk Oblast, Russia. Population: 10,233 (2010 Russian census) ; 11,262 (2002 Census) ; 12,646 (1989 Soviet census) .

• ↑ Президент Российской Федерации.   Указ   №849   от   13 мая 2000 г. «О полномочном представителе Президента Российской Федерации в федеральном округе». Вступил в силу   13 мая 2000 г. Опубликован: "Собрание законодательства РФ", No.   20, ст. 2112, 15 мая 2000 г. (President of the Russian Federation.   Decree   # 849   of   May 13, 2000 On the Plenipotentiary Representative of the President of the Russian Federation in a Federal District . Effective as of   May 13, 2000.).
• ↑ Госстандарт Российской Федерации.   №ОК 024-95   27 декабря 1995 г. «Общероссийский классификатор экономических регионов. 2.   Экономические районы», в ред. Изменения №5/2001 ОКЭР. ( Gosstandart of the Russian Federation.   # OK 024-95   December 27, 1995 Russian Classification of Economic Regions. 2.   Economic Regions , as amended by the Amendment   # 5/2001 OKER. ).
• ↑ Official website of the Governor of Sverdlovsk Oblast. Alexander Sergeyevich Misharin (in Russian)
• 1 2 3 Russian Federal State Statistics Service. Всероссийская перепись населения 2020 года. Том 1 [ 2020 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1 ] (XLS) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service .
• ↑ "26. Численность постоянного населения Российской Федерации по муниципальным образованиям на 1 января 2018 года" . Federal State Statistics Service . Retrieved 23 January 2019 .
• ↑ "Об исчислении времени" . Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации (in Russian). 3 June 2011 . Retrieved 19 January 2019 .
• ↑ Official throughout the Russian Federation according to Article   68.1 of the Constitution of Russia .
• ↑ "Russia: Impact of Climate Change to 2030" (PDF) . Retrieved 25 April 2023 .
• ↑ Сериков Ю. Б. Новые находки раннего палеолита в Среднем Зауралье // Ранний палеолит Евразии: новые открытия // Материалы Международной конференции, Краснодар – Темрюк, 1–6 сентября 2008 г.
• ↑ Сериков Ю. Б. Следы раннего палеолита на территории Среднего Зауралья // Вестник археологии, антропологии и этнографии, 2015 № 4 (31)
• 1 2 Объекты культурного наследия Свердловской области (список)
• ↑ Сальников К. В. Древнейшие памятники истории Урала , 1952.
• ↑ Khimiya i Zhizn , 9, 1974, p. 80
• ↑ Писаницы Урала (in Russian). Ural.ru . Retrieved 26 December 2010 .
• ↑ V.A. Kravchenko: I chose freedom (1946)
• 1 2 Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том   1 [ 2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol.   1 ] . Всероссийская перепись населения 2010   года [2010 All-Russia Population Census] (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service .
• ↑ Federal State Statistics Service (21 May 2004). Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов   – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3   тысячи и более человек [ Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000 ] (XLS) . Всероссийская перепись населения 2002   года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian).
• ↑ Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989   г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров [ All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers ] . Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989   года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. 1989 – via Demoscope Weekly .
• ↑ "Information on the number of registered births, deaths, marriages and divorces for January to December 2022" . ROSSTAT . Archived from the original on 2 March 2023 . Retrieved 21 February 2023 .
• ↑ "Birth rate, mortality rate, natural increase, marriage rate, divorce rate for January to December 2022" . ROSSTAT . Archived from the original on 2 March 2023 . Retrieved 21 February 2023 .
• ↑ Суммарный коэффициент рождаемости [ Total fertility rate ] . Russian Federal State Statistics Service (in Russian). Archived from the original (XLSX) on 10 August 2023 . Retrieved 10 August 2023 .
• ↑ "Демографический ежегодник России" [ The Demographic Yearbook of Russia ] (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service of Russia (Rosstat) . Retrieved 1 June 2022 .
• ↑ "ВПН-2010" . www.perepis-2010.ru .
• 1 2 3 "Arena: Atlas of Religions and Nationalities in Russia" . Sreda, 2012.
• ↑ 2012 Arena Atlas Religion Maps . "Ogonek", № 34 (5243), 27/08/2012. Retrieved 21/04/2017. Archived .
• ↑ Formation of the legislative body of Sverdlovsk Oblast , old.zsso.ru
• ↑ General information , zsso.ru
• ↑ "Свердловская область" . council.gov.ru .
• ↑ "Результат единороссов по Свердловской области был самым худшим для партии власти" [ The result of United Russia in the Sverdlovsk region was the worst for the ruling party ] . Archived from the original on 10 June 2010 . Retrieved 2 January 2011 .
• ↑ "Sverdlovsk region Industries" . investinregions.ru . Retrieved 7 November 2018 .
• Sverdlovsk Oblast on Facebook
• Investment portal of Sverdlovsk Oblast
• (in Russian) Official website of the Government of Sverdlovsk Oblast