phd second author

First Author vs. Corresponding Author? How to Decide Which to Choose

This article discusses the importance of authorship in academic publishing. The first author executes a large portion of the work throughout the research process and signifies the researcher has provided the greatest intellectual contribution. The corresponding author is explicitly identified on the first page of the manuscript, is selected to further manage the pre and post-publication responsibilities, and serves as the point of contact for communication with a journal during the submission, peer review, and publication process.

Updated on April 26, 2023

Every process is conducted through a series of steps. The Scientific Method, for example, provides guidelines for navigating the research process and generally includes:

• Making observations
• Identifying a problem
• Formulating a hypothesis
• Designing an experiment
• Analyzing the data
• Reporting a conclusion

While the actual procedures may vary between fields, the underlying process remains intact. The same holds true for the publication process:

• Complete your research
• Choose a journal
• Prepare the manuscript
• Submit the manuscript
• Make any revisions
• Publication

Each of these processes contains many more specific steps and processes, including assigning authorship to the research manuscript . This article outlines the importance of authorship, delineates the meanings of first author and corresponding author, and addresses some of the challenges associated with the process.

Why is authorship important?

On the surface, the positioning of a researcher’s name and title on a manuscript seems straightforward, a simple task. Most lay people use the list of names solely for searching and citation purposes.

In reality, though, the order of those names tells a complex story of authorship. It is, in fact, the primary way for a researcher to convey the extent of their contribution to the reader.

To attain authorship on a manuscript, a researcher must not only contribute substantially to the work but also take responsibility and accountability for the information it contains. The International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) recommends authorship be based on 4 specific criteria related to these broad principles.

With authorship comes both recognition and obligation that have important academic, social, and financial implications. The two most prominent authorship positions are first author and corresponding author .

What is the first author?

The first author position is a coveted spot. No matter how many other authors’ names appear on the manuscript or which referencing style is used, the first author’s last name will be mentioned in every future citation of the work.

For this reason alone, the name of the first author is remembered, indexed, and promoted more than any other. It is not just a status symbol, though. The first author executes a large portion or majority of the work throughout the research process.

First author credit signifies the researcher has provided the greatest intellectual contribution, and, therefore, comes with substantial benefits. The manuscripts of first authors hold substantial value for grant and position applications, staff appraisals and reviews, and many other forms of career development.

First author duties

The designation as first author is not based on academic or professional hierarchy, the prestige, or expertise of the author. It’s based on the inputs and outputs of work. First authors must:

• Make significant, original, and insightful intellectual contributions
• Participate in the conception and planning of the study
• Generate data through performing experiments, conducting literature reviews, and organizing surveys and interviews
• Analyze the results through statistical analysis and by generating graphs, tables, and illustrations
• Write and edit the manuscript
• Help with queries and revisions after submission

The researcher fulfilling all these duties is rightfully the first author.

What is the corresponding author?

Like the first author designation, the title of corresponding author also comes with considerable prestige. The corresponding author is explicitly identified on the first page of the manuscript. In addition to meeting all the preexisting authorship requirements, this person is selected to further manage the pre and post-publication responsibilities.

The corresponding author is customarily a senior researcher or academic with extensive publishing knowledge and experience. As the primary source of communication for both the publisher and the readers, the corresponding author’s contact information is included within the article.

The corresponding author must have exceptional communication skills. The role assumes primary responsibility for connecting with target journals. They must be organized and meticulous with the substantial volume of tasks associated with the position.

Corresponding author duties

Neither electing a corresponding author nor accepting the position should be taken lightly as it is an essential and long lasting obligation. The duties span from prior to publication to well afterwards and include:

While all corresponding authors serve as the point of contact for communication with a journal during the submission, peer review, and publication process, some journals outline additional conditions for the role. The National Academy of Sciences offers a table that compiles the corresponding author requirements for various journals.

What if there are authorship disputes or changes?

While openly discussing and defining a research team’s roles during the initial planning phase is vital for curbing authorship disputes, combining this practice with other forward-thinking acts is key. Responsibilities and work status must be addressed during regularly scheduled meetings and special meetings need to be called when a team member is added or ends involvement in the project.

How to avoid authorship disputes

To avoid disputes, teams start by mapping out the most obvious roles, author and non-author contributor, and by rejecting any proposed “non-role.” The input of non-author contributors is narrow in scope, providing technical, administrative or writing assistance, and does not fulfill the previously outlined authorship criteria.

A non-role is any inappropriate or irrelevant participant who will harm the research process, such as unethical types of authors . This category encompasses guest authors, forged authors, ghost authors, and orphan authors and must be avoided at all costs.

Many journals require a document be included with the submission package to delineate author contributions to explain and justify author order. By creating this list as a living document from the outset, a research team fulfills the prerequisite for the publisher and guarantees transparency and fairness throughout.

Because changing authorship after publication is messy, necessitating specific documentation, signatures, and approval, it is frowned upon by journal editors. While taking proactive steps to avoid disputes that may result in this situation saves the research team time and hassle, it does not always alleviate future changes.

The addition, removal, or reordering of authors on a manuscript while actively going through the publication process requires a letter signed by all original and additional authors stating the reason for the change and their mutual agreement. For changes made after publication, an authorship corrigendum must be submitted by all authors per COPE guidelines .

Final thoughts

Getting to the manuscript writing and publication stages of a research project are exciting milestones for everyone involved. Ideally, authorship roles are clearly defined and assigned at this point.

Though the first author and corresponding author positions are sometimes performed by the same person, the obligations of each are unique. The first author undertakes the bulk of work duties and makes a significant intellectual contribution to the research project. The corresponding author carries out the communication and administrative tasks necessary for publishing the manuscript.

Both roles are vital to the research and publication processes. They require intense labor and responsibility. With this comes great recognition and prestige for first authors and corresponding authors.

Charla Viera, MS

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Tress Academic

#80: Do I have to include my supervisor as a co-author?

February 9, 2021 by Tress Academic

The co-authorship of supervisors on papers of their PhD students is a hot topic in academia. Should they be included or not? All sorts of rules, conventions, and rumours seem to exist. Let’s clarify a few of them here!  

1. Why worry about co-authorship of supervisors?

Oh dear, when we started to look into the question of whether PhD supervisors should be included as co-authors on a paper, we had no idea what kind of discussion we’d end up in. Of course, we always had our own opinion on it, but let us explain the situation: The question regarding whether PhD students should or must include their supervisors as co-authors/main author on the paper is a question that we get asked in almost every other course. Last time this question came up was only last week in one of our writing courses. So it must be a question of great interest to early-career researchers and PhD students! But it must also be a question that displays a lot of insecurity and perplexity. 

The answer to this question seems to be so easy because there are clear rules about what makes somebody an author on a paper and what does not. Ethical bodies dealing with publication ethics, like the COPE, CSE or ICMJE (see below) provide great guidance about authorship, and most journal publishers have adopted their suggestions. So it should be clear who is expected to be credited as an author and who is not. But having discussed it so many times in courses with students, we know a simple YES or a NO on the question above is not enough. So, we’re not providing a simple answer here either.  

2. The case of Rebecca and her supervisor

Rebecca is a 3rd year student in a biology programme and she told us her story: She is doing exciting research in a field that she loves. She’s highly motivated and brings a lot of energy and effort to her PhD work. The regulations of her university, where she will hopefully get awarded a PhD soon, require that she has to write and publish three papers in international peer-reviewed journals. Rebecca’s research is going fine, she is progressing well, and is just about one and a half months behind her original schedule for her PhD. She’s in a good mood and optimistic to bring the research work to an end, to get the papers published, and complete the degree. But she still has one big problem: She has no idea if she should include her supervisor as co-author on the paper.      

She spoke to many fellow PhD students and Postdocs and asked for their advice. The stories she heard were so diverse that she still has no idea how to do it right. Some suggested the supervisor has to be on every paper, while others said they wrote their papers totally without them, got no input and, consequently, did not include them as co-author. Another suggestion was to include the supervisor as the main author, even if they contributed very little because it might be helpful to have a “big name” as a first author on the paper. A former PhD student told Rebecca that in his lab, it was a “must” to include the supervisor as the last author on all the papers, regardless of whether they were written by Master students, PhD students or Postdocs. One friend directed Rebecca to another friend who did a PhD and included the supervisor on all his papers because he was afraid that if he didn’t do it, it would affect the successful completion of his doctorate. 

3. Is Rebecca a solitary case? 

No! We spoke to many people like Rebecca and it was surprising how diverse the advice was that students like her had received. But as diverse as the single stories are, they have one common thread: Co-authorship of supervisors on the papers of their PhD students seems to be dominated by confusion, fears, and a lack of communication. 

You can browse the web and you will find many references and cases that deal with all sorts of problems, opinions, conventions, and misconduct in the PhD student-supervisor relationship with regard to co-authorship on publications (see e.g. Find a PhD 2014 , Thompson 2017,  Academia Stackexchange 2018 ). Cases are even reported where supervisors either neglect to co-author with their students, or where they publish work from their PhD students without even considering the student as co-author (e.g. COPE 2010 ,  Hayter & Watson 2017 ). So, it is definitely a tense field in which we’re operating when trying to answer this question.

4. Who is an author on a paper?  

Luckily, you can find clear instructions in publication ethics guidelines. According to them, an author on a paper is somebody who has contributed to the research, written parts of the paper, reviewed successive manuscript versions, and taken part in the revision process. Sole provision of research funding or carrying out routine based activities that are linked to the research presented in a paper does not qualify for authorship ( COPE 2000 , CSE 2012 , ICMJE 2019 ).  

So let’s go back to our question: Do you have to include your supervisor as co-author on your papers? The answer is YES and NO!

5. No! Supervisors should not be included as co-authors!

There is no rule that says PhD supervisors have to be a co-author on a paper of their PhD students. So, you don’t have to include your supervisor due to one of the cases described below: 

• Just because they happen to be your supervisor. 
• They are in a hierarchically higher academic position than you.
• They are well-known and respected in the field.
• You think you have to be grateful and pay back your supervisor.
• You’ve been told that it is always done like that in your field. 
• You’ll feel guilty if you don’t include them as co-author. 
• You fear a negative impact on your PhD if you don’t do it.
• You have applied for a PhD position at your supervisor’s lab/institute and think you’re obliged to include them.  
• They provide funding for your project.  

6. YES! Supervisors should be included as co-authors!

We do not suggest that your supervisors have to be excluded in all circumstances from your paper. No! There are very valid and compelling reasons that make your supervisor a co-author on your paper, e.g. if …

• they contributed to your work
• they contributed to your writing
• they were advising you on the steps of the writing process
• if they provided substantial intellectual support for the work you publish
• if they provided substantial input to help you with the revision of the paper  

In the cases reported above, your supervisor is a natural co-author, and withdrawing their right to become a co-author would be a violation of publishing ethics. 

7. How to avoid a co-authorship dispute

Rebecca’s problem in the case reported above is obvious: She was never involved in any discussion with her supervisor about co-authorship on any of the three papers she has to do. She kept silent, and the supervisor didn’t initiate a talk about it. Both are operating on the assumption that things will work out in their interest. 

Another question deals with how far supervisors involve themselves in the research of their PhD students, and how much support they offer, but this is a different question which we’re not going to discuss at this time. Regardless of whether the supervisor has contributed a lot or only very little, it would have been wise for both PhD student and supervisor to sit together and get the co-authorship question out of the way. 

For Rebecca, it would have been helpful to get familiar with the rules that apply to her institute or faculty. She could speak to somebody at the university who can advise her independently. 

A good way to avoid the hassle and frustration from unsettled authorship-disputes would be to take the PhD student-supervisor relationship seriously, and let both sides do what they’re supposed to do: The supervisor is providing a supportive framework and involves themself in the student’s work only insofar as they allow the student to grow and reach their goal. Get your supervisor involved in your work, and then co-authorship will never be questioned.This would be mutually beneficial, and would provide benefits to both parties.

We hope that this article has helped you get a clearer idea of YOUR answer regarding the question of whether to include YOUR supervisor on your papers or not. Make a good decision, and then move on with your good work! 

Relevant resources: 

• Academia Stackexchange 2018. Telling PhD supervisor I published a paper about my thesis without telling them or listing them as authors?
• COPE (Committee on Publication Ethics), 2000. The COPE Report 1999. Guidelines on good publication practice. Family Practice 17, 218-221.
• COPE (Committee on Publication Ethics) 2010: Supervisor published PhD students work.  
• CSE (Scott-Lichter, D., the Editorial Policy Committee, Council of Science Editors) 2012. CSE’s White Paper on Promoting Integrity in Scientific Journal Publications, 2012 Update. 3rd Revised Edition. Wheat Ridge, CO.
• Find a PhD, 2014. Co-authorship with the supervisor.  
• Haytor, M., Watson, R. 2017. Supervisors are morally obliged to publish with their PhD students.
• ICMJE (International Committee of Medical Journal Editors), 2019. Uniform requirements for manuscripts submitted to biomedical journals: Writing and editing for biomedical publication. Updated version April 2019.
• Thompson, P. 2017: Co–writing with your supervisor – the authorship question . 

More information: 

Do you want to successfully write and publish a journal paper? If so, please sign up to receive our free guides.  

© 2021 Tress Academic

#authorship, #WritingPapers, #PaperWriting, #publishing #journals, #supervision, #coauthor #PhD

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How important is first author on papers vs being second author on papers?

• Thread starter CuriousMDStudent
• Start date Aug 19, 2021

CuriousMDStudent

Full member.

• Aug 19, 2021

42% Full Member

I don't think anyone really cares (because pub count is much more important) but if you really want a first author paper, you need to talk to your PI in advance  

deleted50541

The number of publications is going to look more impressive compared to having fewer but you're first author. It's not going to look bad on your application. Generally, if you do the majority of the work (background research, collecting the data, analyzing it, and writing/editing the manuscript), then you get to be first author. There's nothing wrong with having residents/fellows help you. But you need to have clear expectations set when starting a project on how much work you will be doing and if that's enough to be considered for first author.  

srirachamayonnaise

Membership revoked.

• Aug 20, 2021

You need a couple of first author papers to just show that you can lead a project. After that, you can basically disregard that.  

There’s a huge difference between the two. At the faculty level, usually only first and last author papers even count toward promotion requirements. It means a lot. What it tells programs is that you know how to move a project from A to Z. More academic programs look favorably on this because it means you can be productive without them having to teach you the basics. You get first author pubs by discussing authorship in advance. You may still have help from residents and fellows, but it would be known in advance to be your project. The residents and fellows definitely had the authorship talk when starting the project and they frequently look to students to do the grunt work in exchange for middle authorship. This is fine in the beginning as you learn, but ideally you would progress toward taking charge of small projects of your own.  

SurfingDoctor

"good news, everyone".

1st author > 2nd author >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> nothing.  

SurfingDoctor said: 1st author > 2nd author >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> nothing. Click to expand...

hebrewBAMmer

I think people have a tendency to severely overstate the importance of authorship order. Is it nice to be first author? Absolutely. Will it make or break a residency application? I sincerely doubt it  

Lawpy said: How do co-first authors and co-second authors fare in your ranking? Click to expand...

Osaka, Japan

• Aug 21, 2021

CuriousMDStudent said: Title sums it up. It looks like I've been accruing 2nd author opportunities throughout medical school so far and have not achieved the chance of getting first author. To be fair, I am inexperienced and have had residents/fellows guiding me but I've been doing the grunt work. Is the key to getting first author on papers by taking charge of a project from the start and not getting help from residents/fellows? Also would it look bad if I wasn't first author on paper when I apply to residency? I have one project that will take a while to become first author but I don't know. Click to expand...

As a student you don’t get to be second author without putting in a decent amount of work. I personally put students as first if they’ve done a lot of the leg work (making tables, collecting data) even if I do the actual analysis and write most of the paper. But I usually don’t have fellows or residents on those papers. For papers going into prominent journals with high impact unless student did the vast amount of work and is PI in all but name they will not be first or maybe even second author, but if you’re on that paper it does imply you did lots of work. I don’t think many programs expect students to be first author.  

Thank You for Smoking

As others have mentioned, as a medical student - particularly if you're someone that isn't interested in primarily doing research - any publication is gravy, and first vs. second author isn't going to matter. If you're planning on being a clinical researcher and are going to apply to or look for residency positions with a research focus, then it might make a difference there.  

Datypicalpremed

Feed me seymour.

Guess I’ll weigh in since I had a discussion about this with my school’s faculty a while ago. overall impression I got from an academic science perspective (and thus probably in line with academic medicine) is that 1st author > 1st coauthor (aka A and B contributed equally) >> 2nd or coauthor. Having said that, I would say unless you are applying to a research track residency program, stand out at a top program (which tend to be at research heavy institutions and thus view applicants with a strong publication record more favorably), or applying to a field with strong emphasis on research (neurosurgery, rad onc, etc.), your time would almost certainly be better spent getting more coauthors than firsts. This is simply due to the sheer amount of time, effort, and LUCK needed to get a 1st author publication. You can rack up an insane amount of “research pubs” on ERAS just by contributing towards a publication. Some of my peers have gotten their names on papers just by spending a hour making graphs from data that has already been collected under the reasoning of “hey, I made a figure so I deserve some authorship.” Some have even gotten authorship for just proofreading. Makes me sad that I spent my PhD focusing on getting 1st author pubs and now some of my MD only peers have more overall publications than me 🥲  

Datypicalpremed said: Guess I’ll weigh in since I had a discussion about this with my school’s faculty a while ago. overall impression I got from an academic science perspective (and thus probably in line with academic medicine) is that 1st author > 1st coauthor (aka A and B contributed equally) >> 2nd or coauthor. Having said that, I would say unless you are applying to a research track residency program, stand out at a top program (which tend to be at research heavy institutions and thus view applicants with a strong publication record more favorably), or applying to a field with strong emphasis on research (neurosurgery, rad onc, etc.), your time would almost certainly be better spent getting more coauthors than firsts. This is simply due to the sheer amount of time, effort, and LUCK needed to get a 1st author publication. You can rack up an insane amount of “research pubs” on ERAS just by contributing towards a publication. Some of my peers have gotten their names on papers just by spending a hour making graphs from data that has already been collected under the reasoning of “hey, I made a figure so I deserve some authorship.” Some have even gotten authorship for just proofreading. Makes me sad that I spent my PhD focusing on getting 1st author pubs and now some of my MD only peers have more overall publications than me 🥲 Click to expand...

EdgeTrimmer

• Aug 22, 2021

Lawpy said: It's definitely possible to churn out middle author papers on the side while working on first author paper. Really the focus should not be on racking as many first authors as possible. That's a complete waste of time as a med student and even probably as a resident too. Click to expand...

EdgeTrimmer said: Does first author paper as an undergrad count for residency? Click to expand...

Redpancreas

• Aug 23, 2021

Great discussion here. I like all the points made and to synthesize if you're just learning and are at the medical student level it's probably not a big deal to have the second author but as you gain experience you'll likely want to upgrade.  

guytakingboards

• Aug 24, 2021

guytakingboards said: Don't agree that it'd be a complete waste of time. People can and do look critically at the publications list. Maybe not for the interview invite but when i interviewed resident applicants I definitely noticed if there were 1st author pubs sprinkled in and if they were articles of substance vs case reports. Click to expand...

SDN Chief Administrator

• Aug 25, 2021

Locking as this thread is more or less talking about the same issues being discussed here: I collected all of the data for a database and a fellow is guiding me through analyzing the data and write the paper. Would I still be 1st author? In general, first>second, but not so much that you need to get bent out of shape about it. First author should go to the author who contributed the most, not the person who "needs it."  

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How important are first author papers in comparison to say second or third author papers?

When it comes to the value of papers published and citations from those papers, how important are first author papers in comparison to say second or third author papers? A friend of mine has almost 87 citations from 2nd author papers in good journals but doesn’t have a first author paper yet.

Being the first author helps to show the actual leading contribution to the topic. It also can be used to prove the point of playing a critical role in the research conducted by the institution. There are no formal criteria on the number of first-authored papers, it only helps to support claims that are made in the petition. If your friend can show (in some other way) that his/her contribution is important, then it should not really matter.

Thanks Tigran! Appreciate it.

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Supervisor as second author?

======= Date Modified 24 Jan 2012 15:22:13 ======= ======= Date Modified 24 Jan 2012 15:21:43 ======= ======= Date Modified 24 Jan 2012 11:10:56 ======= Hi all :-) I have written a journal paper on a particular topic, which originally I wrote as a document, and my supervisor read it, made a few light editing suggestions (like long paragraph, remove X word etc). He also suggested one or two places where I could add more detail. I am now submitting this for publication. Should I add him as a second author? Thanks in advance for your help! Chococake

Yes you should. Everyone in academia knows that the first author is the one that did the work. Others just contributed a bit here and there, much like your sup.

If you're in the sciences I haven't got a clue. If you're in humanities tell him/her to bog off.

======= Date Modified 24 Jan 2012 11:10:41 ======= Quote From larrydavid: If you're in the sciences I haven't got a clue. If you're in humanities tell him/her to bog off. Thanks. What would be the argument to 'bog off'?

Quote From screamingaddabs: Yes you should. Everyone in academia knows that the first author is the one that did the work. Others just contributed a bit here and there, much like your sup. Thanks. Everyone seems to have a different take on it. Which field are you in?

I can't comment on the humanities but if you're in the sciences (and prob social sciences also) then definitely put him as second author. It's very unusual to have single author papers from junior researchers in the sciences. You may view his contributions as minimal, but his position and decision to appoint you as a PhD student have facilitated you in being able to write it, even if his direct contribution to the document is small. In science subjects the PI of the group will always be last author on any publications going out of that group, except in some particular circumstances. Look at it this way: if you're first author everyone will know you wrote it and the professional credit is yours. But having his name on it as well might attract a wider readership than if you were the sole author, so perhaps it's a good thing, and certainly doesn't do any harm.

Quote From hazyjane: I can't comment on the humanities but if you're in the sciences (and prob social sciences also) then definitely put him as second author. It's very unusual to have single author papers from junior researchers in the sciences. You may view his contributions as minimal, but his position and decision to appoint you as a PhD student have facilitated you in being able to write it, even if his direct contribution to the document is small. In science subjects the PI of the group will always be last author on any publications going out of that group, except in some particular circumstances. Look at it this way: if you're first author everyone will know you wrote it and the professional credit is yours. But having his name on it as well might attract a wider readership than if you were the sole author, so perhaps it's a good thing, and certainly doesn't do any harm. Thanks for the detailed explanation :). Two things: 1. Adding his name will not attract a wider readership, as this isn't his field. 2. There are other supervisors/academics I know who I could send the paper to 'review' and add their name on, and their name 'will' attract a wider readership. Would you recommend I do that?

Quote From chococake: 2. There are other supervisors/academics I know who I could send the paper to 'review' and add their name on, and their name 'will' attract a wider readership. Would you recommend I do that? Not unless you want to annoy your supervisor and lie to the journal about author contributions. Named authors should have done *something*, even if just what your sup has done. Academia is 75% intellectual stuff and 25% politics. It's a lesson to learn in your PhD.

======= Date Modified 24 Jan 2012 11:45:43 ======= Quote From hazyjane: Quote From chococake: 2. There are other supervisors/academics I know who I could send the paper to 'review' and add their name on, and their name 'will' attract a wider readership. Would you recommend I do that? Not unless you want to annoy your supervisor and lie to the journal about author contributions. Named authors should have done *something*, even if just what your sup has done. Academia is 75% intellectual stuff and 25% politics. It's a lesson to learn in your PhD. That may annoy my supervisor, but it may not. But it wouldn't be a lie, because they would probably contribute in the same way as my supervisor did, if not more. Thanks for your advice, I suppose I have a lot to learn regarding academia politics.

Hi Chococake, I always put both my supervisors regardless their contribution. I am in the sciences and I put my first supervisor as the last author, which is a way to show who is the boss:) Generally, I receive a lot of support from them, and I feel that putting their names is the least I can do to acknowledge it.

Quote From DrJeckyll: Hi Chococake, I always put both my supervisors regardless their contribution. I am in the sciences and I put my first supervisor as the last author, which is a way to show who is the boss:) Generally, I receive a lot of support from them, and I feel that putting their names is the least I can do to acknowledge it. Thanks for your input! Is that support just general support or directly related to your paper/s?

I put both my PhD supervisors as second/third authors on papers I write - they sort out between themselves the actual order they go in. They both read through and comment on papers I write, so they do contribute, but even where their contribution is minimal they would expect to be on my papers. Personally I think that's fair enough - they're guiding my development as a researcher so they are having an input into my papers, even if it's more indirect. I'm applied social science/psychology/environmental studies, very cross-disciplinary, and that means that neither of my supervisors are exactly in my field, but I think they'd be right to be a little offended if I didn't include them - it's not politics so much as recognition that they have a role in my work.

======= Date Modified 24 Jan 2012 12:34:48 ======= Quote From Batfink27: I put both my PhD supervisors as second/third authors on papers I write - they sort out between themselves the actual order they go in. They both read through and comment on papers I write, so they do contribute, but even where their contribution is minimal they would expect to be on my papers. Personally I think that's fair enough - they're guiding my development as a researcher so they are having an input into my papers, even if it's more indirect. I'm applied social science/psychology/environmental studies, very cross-disciplinary, and that means that neither of my supervisors are exactly in my field, but I think they'd be right to be a little offended if I didn't include them - it's not politics so much as recognition that they have a role in my work. Thanks Batfink27. I understand where you are coming from, and your situation has helped me make a decision. However, I do think there is a need for clear guidelines as to what 'contribution' really means, and when someone can be added as an author to a paper.

======= Date Modified 24 Jan 2012 13:46:30 ======= Quote From chococake: Quote From screamingaddabs: Yes you should. Everyone in academia knows that the first author is the one that did the work. Others just contributed a bit here and there, much like your sup. Thanks. Everyone seems to have a different take on it. Which field are you in? I'm in Engineering Science. Edited to add: What possible harm is there in putting your sup as a second author? If the answer is that it won't do any harm at all (even if it doesn't add any benefit) then do it anyway and keep your sup on your side. I see no reason to not add their name. Everyone knows that you wrote the piece, it's just a nicety to add his/her name.

Quote From screamingaddabs: ======= Date Modified 24 Jan 2012 13:46:30 ======= Quote From chococake: Quote From screamingaddabs: Yes you should. Everyone in academia knows that the first author is the one that did the work. Others just contributed a bit here and there, much like your sup. Thanks. Everyone seems to have a different take on it. Which field are you in? I'm in Engineering Science. Edited to add: What possible harm is there in putting your sup as a second author? If the answer is that it won't do any harm at all (even if it doesn't add any benefit) then do it anyway and keep your sup on your side. I see no reason to not add their name. Everyone knows that you wrote the piece, it's just a nicety to add his/her name. Thanks! Your advice taken on board :-)

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Secret Video Shows Project 2025 Author Bragging About Ties to Trump

A new secret recording revealed a project 2025 author talking about his love for christian nationalism—and how close he is to donald trump..

A key author of Project 2025 was caught in a secret recording bragging about how close he is to Donald Trump and admitting his love of “Christian nation-ism.”

Russell Vought, who is reportedly in line for chief of staff in a second Trump administration, said that his group, the Center for Renewing America, is leading the charge drafting executive orders and policy memos to help Trump immediately take action upon entering the Oval Office. He was caught on camera by two undercover British journalists from the nonprofit Centre for Climate Reporting, which published the secret recording on Thursday.

Vought revealed his group plans to create “shadow” agencies to implement its draconian vision to solidify the “Judeo-Christian worldview value system.”

“We’ve been too focused on religious liberty, which we all support, but we’ve lacked the ability to argue we are a Christian nation,” said Vought.

“I want to make sure that we can say we are a Christian nation,” he said. “And my viewpoint is mostly that I would probably be Christian nation-ism. That’s pretty close to Christian nationalism because I also believe in nationalism.”

NEW We went undercover in Project 2025. Our investigation uncovered details of the secretive second phase of Project 2025 being led by a Trump insider, with plans to feed hundreds of highly-confidential battle plans directly into the Trump transition team. Watch here. pic.twitter.com/je9qHpjAns — Centre for Climate Reporting (@ClimateReport_) August 15, 2024

The investigative reporters secretly recorded their nearly two-hour conversation with Vought, who served as the policy director of the Republican National Convention committee and recently helped to rewrite the official GOP platform. Vought, former Office of Management and Budget director under Trump, said he has personally been in talks with the former president over recent months and even received a personal “assignment.”

“He’s raised money for our organization, he’s blessed it,” Vought continued , saying that Trump is “very supportive of what we do.”

Unearthed video of Project 2025 leader: Trump is claiming to distance himself from Project 2025, but I’m not worried about that. He's been at our organization, he's raised money for our organization. He's very supportive of what we do pic.twitter.com/sGUEuIj32Y — Kamala HQ (@KamalaHQ) August 15, 2024

Vought’s organization, the Center for Renewing America, is one of the many right-wing groups that are a part of Project 2025; Vought authored the chapter discussing the executive office of the president in the 900-page master plan. Trump has been trying to deny the influence of Project 2025 on his campaign.

“President Trump’s campaign made it clear that only President Trump and the campaign, and NOT any other organization or former staff, represent policies for the second term,” Danielle Alvarez, a senior adviser to the campaign, told CNN in response to the latest report.

But Vought wasn’t bothered. “I see what he’s doing is just very, very conscious, distancing himself from a brand,” he said in the secretly recorded interview. “It’s interesting, he’s in fact not even opposing himself to a particular policy.”

Desperate Trump Begs Hush-Money Judge for a Massive Favor

Donald trump keeps trying to delay sentencing in his trial..

Donald Trump is looking for one more get-out-of-jail free card, but the last-ditch effort is unlikely to work this time.

The convicted felon asked New York Justice Juan Merchan one more time on Wednesday to delay his New York hush-money criminal sentencing until after the November election. The historic event—which marks the first criminal sentencing of a former U.S. president—is currently scheduled for September 18 .

In a pre-motion letter to the judge, Trump’s legal team suggested that delaying the sentencing would mitigate the “appearances of impropriety.” The letter pointed to Merchan’s daughter’s prior work for Democratic candidates, including Vice President Kamala Harris, and her business partner’s contributions to the Harris-Walz campaign, notably those made by Michael Nellis, the founder of Authentic Campaigns.

“Sentencing is currently scheduled to occur after the commencement of early voting in the Presidential election,” Trump lawyer Todd Blanche wrote. “By adjourning the sentencing until after that election—which is of paramount importance to the entire Nation, including tens of millions of people who do not share the views of Authentic, its executives, and its clients—the Court would reduce, even if not eliminate, issues regarding the integrity of any future proceedings.”

“There is no basis for continuing to rush,” he added.

Merchan seems the least likely of Trump’s trial judges to offer him any favors, especially after enduring Trump’s endless mud-slinging throughout the grueling, seven-week trial. Trump’s attacks were primarily aimed at a gag order on the former president, which prevented him from targeting witnesses, jurors, courtroom staff, and their family in his venomous statements to the press—but did not prevent him from hurling vitriol at Merchan.

Trump repeatedly falsely claimed Merchan was violating his First Amendment right to free speech, but despite the constant heat, Merchan never broke. Appellate lawyers described Merchan’s behavior throughout the trial as “flawless” and have predicted that the attacks wouldn’t play well for Trump’s numerous appeals.

But if their background weren’t enough of an indication of how Wednesday’s request will proceed, another recent filing by Merchan might shed some light. The day before Trump filed his latest plea, Merchan plainly rejected an even bolder petition calling for his recusal from the wrapped New York case.

“Defendant has provided nothing new for this Court to consider. Counsel has merely repeated arguments that have already been denied by this and higher courts” Merchan wrote in his ruling posted Wednesday, noting that Trump’s arguments were “rife with inaccuracies and unsubstantiated claims.”

Republicans Rip Into “Foolish” Trump for Losing Focus

Donald trump’s approach is too unhinged for even his allies..

Donald Trump seems incapable of staying on message, and it’s seriously beginning to worry Republican lawmakers, according to a report NOTUS published Thursday. 

Trump’s campaign attempted to debut a smaller messaging event on Wednesday, as part of a new strategy to get the president to stay on topic. Trump predictably detoured into his typical racist fearmongering and personal attacks against his opponent, Kamala Harris. 

Despite the Trump team’s efforts to curb its loquacious candidate and its insistence on running a  “disciplined” campaign , it seems that nothing the team does can prevent Trump from, well, being Trump. And Republican lawmakers aren’t impressed. 

“Let’s be real: He lost in ’20. He has a solid base but has done nothing, or worse, alienated anyone from coming back to him,” one Republican lawmaker told NOTUS. “It’s like the sixth or seventh season of a show that was once funny but now panders to his base.

“If he continues down this road and Harris stays her course and the economy starts to show signs of improvement, he will be a two-time loser,” the Republican added.

Another Republican congressperson who spoke anonymously to NOTUS warned that Trump “needs to get back on message and start talking about policy differences.

“If he doesn’t do this I think he will lose and probably cost Republicans the House and Senate,” the GOP lawmaker said. 

A third House GOP member told NOTUS that Trump was “rattled” and needed to “get on message.”

Trump has reportedly been struggling to manage his frustration following President Joe Biden’s decision to drop out of the presidential race. What was once a sleepy, one-event-a-week campaign has turned into an actual race, against a younger candidate with considerable energy and enthusiasm behind her. This anger seems to be coming out in different ways, and undermining Trump’s ability to effectively campaign without alienating his supporters and backers. 

Last month, just days after Harris announced her campaign, one of Trump’s aides fired off some extremely angry texts to wealthy GOP backer Miriam Adelson on behalf of the former president, according to The New York Times . Adelson, who is worth roughly $30 billion, is one of the Republican party’s wealthiest backers. 

The texts accused Adelson of having allowed RINOs (Republicans in Name Only) to run her Preserve America PAC. Trump and Adelson were scheduled to meet and make up this week, and it’s not clear that the comments will affect Adelson’s giving. 

Last week, Trump repeatedly attacked Georgia Governor Brian Kemp, much to the dismay of his allies and supporters, who believe it will hurt his chances in Georgia. One House Republican told NOTUS it was “extremely foolish” for Trump to go after Kemp. 

“If he displayed self-discipline and impulse control, he’d win,” the lawmaker explained to NOTUS. “The issues favor us. He’s been unable to focus on the issues and is behind. This is his race to lose, and he’s shooting himself in the foot. There’s some Trump fatigue too, and if he’d focus on issues and get off the personality attacks, he’d connect more with voters.”

But Trump hasn’t proven that he’s able to do that. The former president was meant to speak solely about the U.S. economy on Wednesday, but the Republican nominee couldn’t help but play into what his audience was most responding to, and they seemed excited by his jokes and jabs at Harris. But, ultimately, Trump’s audience of supporters isn’t representative of the electorate.

J.D. Vance Makes Shameless Bid to Cover for Trump With His Debate Plan

Here’s why j.d. vance made the strange suggestion to have two vice presidential debates..

Typically, an election cycle has two or three presidential debates and just one showdown between the vice presidential candidates. But J.D. Vance wants to mix that formula up.

On Thursday, the Ohio senator announced that he would commit himself to more debates against Minnesota Governor Tim Walz, believing that the “American people deserve as many debates as possible.”

“Not only do I accept the CBS debate on October 1st, I accept the CNN debate on September 18th as well. I look forward to seeing you at both!” Vance wrote on X (formerly Twitter) Thursday morning.

But there may be more than meets the eye to the unprecedented second debate invitation, as September 18 holds a different kind of significance for the Republican campaign: It also marks Donald Trump’s sentencing date after a New York court found the former real estate mogul guilty of felony business fraud charges.

It’s not yet clear if Walz has agreed to the second debate—but doing so could divert attention from the first criminal sentencing of a former president in U.S. history.

“CNN invited both Senator Vance and Governor Walz to a Vice Presidential debate this fall, and Senator Vance has accepted,” a CNN spokesperson told CNBC in a statement.

“We are always in communication with the campaigns around opportunities for the American public to hear from leading candidates for President and Vice President of the United States, and we look forward to this programming in the fall,” the spokesperson said.

The Most Desperate Part of J.D. Vance Agreeing to Debate Tim Walz

Republican vice presidential nominee j.d. vance really needs a win on this..

Tim Walz and J.D. Vance will be debating on CBS News on October 1.

CBS News invited Walz and Vance for a debate in New York City on Wednesday, offering them a choice of September 17, September 24, October 1, and October 8. Walz quickly confirmed his willingness, posting on X that afternoon, “See you on October 1, JD.”

And on Thursday morning, Vance finally agreed. He even tried to pressure Walz into a second debate hosted by CNN in September, a clear sign that things are not going well for him.

Typically, the vice presidential candidates don’t debate more than once leading up to an election, and many see the proposition as desperation from Vance and the Trump campaign.

When Vance was initially asked by Fox News’s Laura Ingraham Wednesday evening if he would show up to the October 1 debate, he waffled .

“I strongly suspect we’re going to be there on October 1, but we’re not going to do one of these fake debates where they don’t actually have an audience there, where they don’t actually set the parameters in a right way where you can have a good exchange of ideas,” Vance told Ingraham.

“In other words, we’re not going to walk into a fake news media garbage debate. We’re going to do a real debate, and if CBS agrees to it, then certainly we’ll do it,” Vance added.

JD Vance says he wants a 'real' debate with opponent Tim Walz, not a 'fake news media garbage' one Vance told Fox News host Laura Ingraham on "The Ingraham Angle" Wednesday that CBS News had reached out to his team hours before. CBS said in a statement that it offered the two… pic.twitter.com/5HwqeC3P1a — Melissa Hallman (@dotconnectinga) August 15, 2024

But things clearly changed in the Trump team’s calculus. Vance’s debate follows Donald Trump’s decision last week to debate Kamala Harris, after weeks of hesitating and complaining about Harris replacing Joe Biden on the Democratic ticket. He attempted to schedule a new debate on GOP-friendly Fox News, only to face criticism from his own supporters . It seems that now Trump and Vance are getting desperate in the face of Harris and Walz’s surge in the polls.

J.D. Vance Makes Wild Claim of What “Normal” Women Care About

It has been zero days since j.d. vance insulted women voters..

Donald Trump’s vice presidential pick, J.D. Vance, just got a little bit weirder.

On top of the wannabe authoritarian’s other archaic views of women , the Ohio senator revealed to Fox News Wednesday that he doesn’t believe it’s “normal” for suburban women to care about their reproductive rights.

“What do you say to suburban women out there who are marinating in this propaganda?” prompted Fox News host Laura Ingraham, claiming that some women have fallen into the belief that abortion is banned nationally.

“Well, first of all, I don’t buy that, Laura,” Vance said . “I think most suburban women care about the normal things that most Americans care about.”

JD Vance says it’s not “normal” for women to care about their reproductive rights. pic.twitter.com/xiKiie4f64 — Ben Meiselas 🇺🇸🦅 (@meiselasb) August 15, 2024

But Vance’s assumption that suburban women don’t care about abortion is plainly wrong—and Trump’s campaign might be doing better in the polls if they paid attention to the data. An April Wall Street Journal poll found that abortion ranked head and shoulders above other issues in seven battleground states, with 39 percent of surveyed suburban women describing it as a “make or break” issue in the 2024 election.

An August report from the Kaiser Family Foundation found that one in seven U.S. women have had an abortion at some point in their lives and that three out of four U.S. women believe abortion should be legal in most or all cases. Roughly 74 percent of the polled women also opposed leaving it up to the states to decide the legality of the lifesaving procedure.

“JD Vance thinks he gets to tell women how to live our lives,” Harris-Walz 2024 spokesperson Sarafina Chitika said in a statement . “Women are sick of Trump, Vance, and their Project 2025 obsession with controlling our most private decisions. We’ll shut the door on them this November.”

How Trump’s Obsession Could Tank His Own Campaign

Donald trump’s team is worried he might be ruining his own election chances..

Donald Trump’s obsession with convincing his supporters to surveil the upcoming presidential election may ultimately be hurting his campaign.

The Republican nominee has repeatedly claimed that Republican Party officials only need to focus on ensuring election integrity in November, and has centered his campaign’s efforts on recruiting thousands of poll watchers and poll workers. As a result, the campaign is relying on a constellation of outside groups to rustle up the traditional networks of volunteer door-knockers and canvassers.

These groups include Elon Musk’s incredibly shady America PAC as well as Turning Point Action, the advocacy arm of white-nationalist Charlie Kirk’s organization. A recent FEC rule change from March now allows for canvassing super PACs to coordinate directly with campaigns on messaging and campaign data. As a result, Trump’s scrappier in-house volunteer program can be boosted by funds from megadonors.

However, outsourcing this aspect of the campaign could prove problematic if strong personnel and structural dynamics don’t fall into place. The America PAC recently underwent a change in leadership, which caused it to clean house with its vendors supplying the workers.

The Trump campaign said it has rounded up more than 150,000 poll watchers and poll workers, reviving concerns about voter intimidation that first cropped up in 2020. The number of employed campaign staff and campaign volunteers is far smaller.

James Blair, the campaign’s political director, posted about the campaign’s operations on X Thursday, following a report from Axios that relied on numbers he’d shared last week.

In his update, Blair wrote that the campaign was bolstered by 14,500 community volunteers called “Trump Force 47 captains.” He said 2,500 of them had been trained in the last week alone, and has previously estimated that another two thousand would join every week until election day.

Last week, Blair had said that outside groups had employed more than 1,000 canvassers in battleground states, which would rise to 2,500 by election day. He said that the campaign employed hundreds of staff across the battleground states.

The Republican National Committee had plans in place for a more expansive canvassing effort, those plans were discarded once Trump’s team took over in March, according to documents obtained by The Washington Post .

While Trump’s focus on election integrity may not have been a detractor when he was running against President Joe Biden, it certainly looks that way now. Since announcing her candidacy, Vice President Kamala Harris’s campaign said it has worked with 330,000 volunteers and has a staff of 15,000 people.

“What’s happened in the last couple of weeks is we actually have a real race. This is a real presidential campaign. The Biden-Trump version of this was one event a week by each candidate, very rarely on the campaign trail and no real engagement,” Kevin Madden, a Republican strategist, told the Post . “Now this is going to be one of those campaigns where strategies matter, resources matter, time matters, and there is not much room for error.”

Several people close to the Trump campaign told the Post that there was an ongoing effort to get the easily distractible candidate to focus more on attacking Harris and other Democrats.

Trump has falsely claimed that Democrats are actually encouraging illegal immigration for the purpose of bolstering their voter base. Meanwhile, he was the one who killed a bipartisan border deal earlier this year that would have helped curb the entry of undocumented immigrants in the United States.

Trump has repeatedly said the priority of the Republican Party is to tighten election restrictions, but his fearmongering is fed by his own baseless claims of election fraud and conspiracy theories about widespread noncitizen voting. Trump’s election martyrdom from 2020 may be the nail in the coffin of his 2024 campaign.

This story has been updated.

Here’s the Likely Reason Harris Blew Off RFK Jr.’s Meeting Request

Kamala harris doesn’t need to cede anything to robert f. kennedy jr..

Robert F. Kennedy Jr. tried to meet with Kamala Harris to discuss a Cabinet position in exchange for ending his independent campaign for president, but was rejected, and it might be because she benefits from him staying in the race.

The Washington Post reports that Kennedy tried to meet with Harris last week, but neither she nor her campaign responded. Kennedy met with Donald Trump in Milwaukee last month about the same issue and also had a similar phone conversation with Trump that was later leaked online.

“I think it is a strategic mistake for them. That’s my perspective,” Kennedy told the Post regarding his rejection by the Harris campaign. “I think they ought to be looking at every opportunity. I think it is going to be a very close race.”

Aside from Kennedy’s outlandish political views , Harris has a big practical reason for not giving Kennedy what he wants. Kennedy draws more right-leaning voters to his campaign than left-leaning ones, hurting Trump much more than Harris. It helps her if Kennedy stays in the race.

Kennedy’s campaign is well funded thanks to early support from right-wing donors hoping he would peel away support from the Democratic ticket, as well as from his running mate , Silicon Valley philanthropist Nicole Shanahan. But his prospects, which were never that high as a third-party candidate, have taken a nosedive as Harris has seized the Democratic nomination and as damaging revelations about him have come out.

Those revelations include that he dumped a baby bear carcass in New York’s Central Park more than a decade ago, has multiple sexual assault allegations against him, is lying about his voting residence , and once had a worm in his brain. With these strikes against him, it’s not surprising that neither the Trump nor the Harris campaign has taken him up on his offer.

Trump’s New Campaign Strategy Just Went Up in Flames

Donald trump couldn’t stick to the new plan for even one day..

Donald Trump was scheduled to give remarks on economic policy at a small messaging event in Asheville, North Carolina, on Wednesday—but the former president couldn’t help but venture way, way off topic as his speech devolved into angry ad hominem attacks against Kamala Harris, mixed into his own typical word salad.

The pared-down speaking event is part of the Trump campaign’s new strategy to keep its candidate on topic, by having him speak to smaller crowds about only one thing at a time. Trump didn’t seem committed to this idea for even one event.

“This isn’t a rally, but this is a different kind of a thing. Today we’re going to talk about one subject,” Trump said . “They say it’s the most important subject, I’m not sure it is. But they say it’s the most important—inflation is the most important, but that’s part of economy.”

lol Trump clearly doesn’t buy the speech he’s reading pic.twitter.com/yQKnOOwTFX — Aaron Rupar (@atrupar) August 14, 2024

When trying to speak about the vice president’s not-yet-released economic plan and her influence on the U.S. economy, Trump veered off-script to complain about her laughing. “For nearly four years Kamala has crackled as the American economy has burned,” Trump said .

“What happened to her laugh? I haven’t heard that laugh in about a week. That’s why they keep her off the stage. That’s why she’s disappeared. That’s the laugh of a crazy person, I will tell you if you haven’t noticed—it’s crazy,” Trump said. The crowd seemed to respond to Trump’s detour into bashing Harris, and so he happily repeated the line. “She’s crazy!”

Trump on Kamala Harris: “She’s crazy” pic.twitter.com/uLiqi0rjeV — Aaron Rupar (@atrupar) August 14, 2024

“Her laugh is career-threatening,” Trump said .

The Republican nominee readily abandoned his talking points, instead opting to play to his audience of roughly 2,500 fans, fantasizing about firing his opponent.

“Kamala! You’re fired!” he screamed , pointing forcefully as the crowd cheered. “Get outta here! Go! Get outta here!”

“Right?” he asked someone in the front row. He pantomimed again as the room whistled and cheered. “Get her out,” Trump growled. “Boom.”

Trump: Kamala! You're fired! Go, get outta here! Get her out! Boom. pic.twitter.com/NfmM6FWs4q — Acyn (@Acyn) August 14, 2024

Overall, Trump couldn’t manage to stay on focus, even though his spokespeople have lauded the so-called “discipline” of his campaign. He patted himself on the back for his train-wreck interview with Elon Musk, proudly admitted he didn’t understand what a “net zero” carbon emissions policy meant or how wind energy works , and accused Europe of tending to be a “little bit woke.” He grinned as he remarked that was now “changing,” portraying a grotesque attitude amid deadly anti-immigrant riots that have spread across the U.K.

Trump made his regular detours into racist fearmongering about immigrants, pretending to recount —without so many details—a violent crime done by “a gentleman from a certain country, I won’t mention—happened to be in South America.”

The former president tried to list other violent crimes perpetrated by people he called “the Kamala migrants,” but couldn’t remember a single detail. It’s almost as if that wasn’t what he was meant to be speaking about in the first place.

“There were four or five other situations over the last couple of days. Rape and murder. Rape and beating. Rape and something else. And sometimes just immediate killing. These people are brutal,” Trump cried.

"Rape and murder. Rape and beating. Rape and something else" -- adjudicated rapist fear-mongers about rape pic.twitter.com/KDbCLS8tfd — Aaron Rupar (@atrupar) August 14, 2024

Trump then attempted to tie migrants back into the main subject of his speech, blaming them for basically every economic problem.

Overall, Trump delivered all the classics, despite the fact that his campaign was pretty much begging him not to.

Watch: Idiot J.D. Vance’s Speech Derails With Embarrassing Flubs

J.d. vance was really struggling during his michigan event..

While enthusiasm for Kamala Harris soared , Donald Trump’s pick for vice president was making zero sense before a small crowd in Byron Center, Michigan.

In one portion of J.D. Vance’s speech Wednesday, he seemed to forget what the average American spends on an economy vehicle, claiming that thanks to Harris’s spending policies, the “average new car costs nearly $50,000 a year”—a figure that would hardly translate to anything other than luxury vehicles.

Vance: The average new car costs nearly $50k a year… pic.twitter.com/aFnLcGFnFE — Acyn (@Acyn) August 14, 2024

Vance also flubbed a spur-of-the-moment interaction with a supporter, who shouted out that the potential administration should “fire Granholm,” referring to Secretary of Energy Jennifer Granholm. But Vance seemingly forgot who that was, instead responding that they would “fire the Agriculture Secretary.”

“She’s not doing a very good job,” Vance said , forgetting the gender of Agriculture Secretary Tom Vilsack.

Supporter: Fire Granholm Vance: We’re going to fire the Agriculture Secretary. She’s not doing a very good job pic.twitter.com/DChxFlozhj — Acyn (@Acyn) August 14, 2024

The Ohio senator also tried and failed to brush off comments that Trump made during a one-on-one interview with Elon Musk on Monday, in which the Republican nominee praised Musk for firing striking workers. The comment earned the ire of the International Brotherhood of Teamsters, whose president described the behavior as “economic terrorism.”

“Well look, I like Teamsters’ president, I think he’s a good guy,” Vance said of Sean O’Brien. “But I think he’s wrong about this.”

“Donald Trump was not talking about firing Michigan autoworkers,” he continued. “He was talking about firing the employees of Twitter who use their power to censor American citizens. Those people ought to be fired.”

Vance, who famously authored The New York Times -bestselling memoir Hillbilly Elegy , has seen a significant decrease in the association of positive labels by voters since he was announced to the Republican ticket. Descriptive options such as “young,” “smart,” and “businessman” have all gone down among survey participants, according to a poll by centrist Democratic pollster Blueprint.

Most participants were aware of Vance’s strange and off-putting remarks, including an instance in which Vance claimed that childless adults should not hold positions of power as they don’t have a “direct stake” in the future of the country, deriding Democratic Party leaders as “ childless cat ladies .” Approximately 50 percent of respondents said they were aware of Vance’s comments, while 55 percent said they were bothered by it.

Potential voters were also disturbed by a 2021 interview in which Vance defended a Texas abortion law’s lack of exceptions for instances of rape and incest by claiming that the resulting pregnancies were simply “inconvenient.” Roughly 62 percent of survey participants said they were “bothered” by that description, while 50 percent noted that it “bothers me a lot.”

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Detroit Lions 53-man roster prediction after second preseason game

The Detroit Lions took yet another step closer to final cuts and the start of the 2024 season after defeating the Kansas City Chiefs in preseason Week 2. They will play their final preseason contest on Saturday against the Pittsburgh Steelers .

With two preseason games in the books, it's time to take a look at an updated 53-man roster projection for the Lions that is based on what we've seen over the course of the offseason and first two preseason games.

But bear in mind, things can definitely change between now and Tuesday, Aug. 27, when teams cut their rosters down to 53. For now, here's how we project things to shake out in Detroit.

Detroit Lions 53-man roster prediction

Quarterbacks (2)

Jared Goff, Hendon Hooker

Hooker has been the better quarterback over Nate Sudfeld through the first two preseason games. It's possible the Lions keep Sudfeld, anyway, but Hooker has done enough thus far to be Goff's backup. Sudfeld would be a candidate for the practice squad if cut.

Running backs (4)

David Montgomery, Jahmyr Gibbs, Craig Reynolds, Sione Vaki

Vaki has shown impressive versatility over the first two preseason games, with the rookie shining as a pass-catcher and rusher. Reynolds has been quiet in exhibition play, but his history with the team secures him a spot. The only question here is if Gibbs will recover from his injury in time for Week 1. That is expected to be the case, though.

Wide receivers (6)

Amon-Ra St. Brown, Jameson Williams, Kalif Raymond, Donovan Peoples-Jones, Isaiah Williams, Kaden Davis

Head coach Dan Campbell said Williams might face a roadblock in making the initial 53-man roster because he's a slot receiver, but the rookie has been the best of the bunch among the team's depth options in preseason play and deserves a spot.

Peoples-Jones has been mostly disappointing but offers veteran depth and another option on the boundary. Davis rounds out the group after imrpessing in practice and making a big play in preseason Week 2, but he's nowhere near a lock.

It's very possible the Lions add someone before the start of the season, and they probably should.

Tight ends (4)

Sam LaPorta, Brock Wright, Shane Zylstra, James Mitchell

I'm fairly confident in the first three, but Mitchell hasn't done much this offseason to lock himself in. Don't be surprised if Parker Hesse, who has stood out in practice and offers a blocking option at the position, crashes this group and leaves Mitchell without a roster spot.

Offensive linemen (10)

Taylor Decker, Kevin Zeitler, Frank Ragnow, Graham Glasgow, Penei Sewell, Dan Skipper, Jamarco Jones, Colby Sorsdal, Giovanni Manu, Christian Mahogany

After missing so much time due to an illness , Mahogany is in danger of not making the roster, but we'll give him the benefit of the doubt for now. The Lions carry 10 here because of the uncertainty surrounding both Manu and Mahogany, neither of whom are guaranteed to contribute anything in Year 1.

Sorsdal and Jones offer inside/outside versatility, and Skipper is the top backup at tackle. Kayode Awosika is someone to keep an eye on to take the place of either Mahogany, Jones or Sorsdal.

Interior defensive linemen (5)

Alim McNeill, DJ Reader, Levi Onwuzurike, Kyle Peko, Brodric Martin

Onwuzurike has been having an outstanding offseason and is in line to have a top depth role. Peko has worked with the first-team defense over Martin in practice, putting him on track to make the cut. Martin has shown flashes during the preseason, though. Reader remains a question mark for Week 1.

Edge rushers (4)

Aidan Hutchinson, Marcus Davenport, Josh Paschal, James Houston

Not a ton of depth with just four being kept, which is particularly troublesome with Davenport's injury history. However, the Lions have been giving Onwuzurike reps at defensive end , so he could serve as a backup there. Undrafted free agent Isaac Ukwu could make the cut if the Lions carry a fifth here.

Linebackers (5)

Alex Anzalone, Jack Campbell, Derrick Barnes, Malcolm Rodriguez, Jalen Reeves-Maybin

No surprises here. Anzalone and Campbell will be the starters, and Barnes will play when Detroit needs a third. Rodriguez is a quality backup, and Reeves-Maybin is a special teams stud.

Cornerback (6)

Carlton Davis, Terrion Arnold, Amik Robertson, Ennis Rakestraw, Khalil Dorsey, Kindle Vildor

The Lions may carry Moseley on the initial 53-man roster before placing him on injured reserve so he can return later this season. Dorsey was excellent in preseason Week 2 and Vildor benefits from Moseley's injury.

I expect Davis and Arnold to man the boundary spots, and Robertson to be the primary slot corner with Brian Branch moving to safety . Rakestraw will be the Lions' top backup option on the outside and in the slot.

Safeties (4)

Brian Branch, Kerby Joseph, Ifeatu Melifonwu, Brandon Joseph

With Branch expected to play more safety, the Lions can carry four here. But it wouldn't be shocking if C.J. Moore is kept for special teams purposes.

Specialists (3)

Jake Bates, Jack Fox, Scott Daly

Bates has come on strong of late after struggling a bit in training camp. It's his job to lose, as the Lions still haven't added any form of competition after Michael Badgley's injury. Fox and Daly are locked-in.

After cutting his teeth with Bleacher Report, Mike Moraitis has covered the Los Angeles Rams and Tennessee Titans for FanSided, and the Titans and New York Giants for USA TODAY Sports Media Group. On top of his duties with Sporting News, Mike is the managing editor and lead writer for Titans Wire.

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Why would a busy professor take time to reread a book?

They wade through stacks each year. But here are some that draw them back.

Harvard Staff Writer

Some read a book only once, but many revisit favorites for comfort, inspiration, and pure pleasure. William Faulkner annually returned to “Don Quixote,” the epic novel by Spanish writer Miguel de Cervantes. Literary critic Harold Bloom said he “endlessly reread Shakespeare.” Stephen King told The New York Times he had read “The Lord of the Flies” by William Golding “eight or nine times,” and New Yorker critic and Harvard professor James Wood finds his way back “To the Lighthouse” by Virginia Woolf each year. The Gazette asked five other faculty members about their rereading habits.

Evelynn Hammonds

Barbara Gutmann Rosenkrantz Professor of the History of Science and Professor of African and African American Studies

“The Color Purple” by Alice Walker is the book I always go back to. I read it for the first time when I was in graduate school. I read it in one sitting; I stayed up all night. I was so moved by the letters that the main character, Celie, was writing to God.

Her life was one of violence and trauma, but the two things that were most important to her were the relationship with her sister Nettie and the one with Shug Avery, the blues singer who became her friend and at some point, her lover. The story itself was wonderful, deeply moving, beautifully written, and very evocative.

The main part in the story, where Celie and Shug come together, struck me deeply as a way of representing the truly transformative power of love. Celie lived in a world that was incredibly violent, horrifically abusive, and she triumphs, and how she triumphs is so beautifully rendered.

The story is also a representation of the formidable bonds of womanhood and sisterhood. I always am struck by how those women in the story come together and survive so much, but through it all, they’re bonded to each other. That was something that touched me the first time I read it, and it touches me every time I read it. I try to read it at least once a year. I get something new from it.

I recognize that it is largely a story about the interior lives of African American people, but it’s also a story about how people can be transformed, particularly because of the bonds they share. That’s something that seemed relevant to me this year in which we saw so many divisions across campus and elsewhere. The book reminds me that we’ll get through this and that it will be better, but it means that we must build community and trust in the power of community, and at the end of the day, to really think about the power of love. That is why I turn to it all the time.

Ya-Chieh Hsu

Professor of stem cell and regenerative biology

I’m a huge fan of audiobooks — addicted, in fact! They fit seamlessly into so many activities like commuting, exercising, and doing chores, making “reading” possible and enjoyable no matter how full a day seems. Here are some of my favorites that I think are even better in audio format than in print. I have “read” them so many times, or listened, to be exact.

“Born a Crime” by Trevor Noah is an autobiography about his experiences growing up as a biracial child in South Africa during and after apartheid. It masterfully blends humor and poignancy and showcases Noah’s extraordinary talent as a comedian. This book made me reflect on so many things: privilege, culture, race, injustice, power, humanity, humility, courage, and, above all, love.

“Big Magic: Creative Living Beyond Fear” by Elizabeth Gilbert is a book about how to live a creative life. Although Gilbert writes from a writer’s perspective, I find it immensely inspiring for my own scientific endeavors, which are also deeply connected to creativity. One chapter, “Walk Proudly,” resonated with me so deeply that I have shared it with many people and listened to it countless times — it empowers me whenever I need to be brave.

“Project Hail Mary” by Andy Weir. In my youth, I dreamed of writing science fiction to combine my love of science and writing. Now I write countless grants and papers instead — a different kind of dream come true, so be careful what you wish for! This is one of my favorite science fiction books, but I shouldn’t say too much to avoid spoilers. I especially enjoyed the conversations between Rocky and Grace. It’s a heartwarming reminder that true communication comes from the heart, not language.

Matt Liebmann

Peabody Professor of American Archaeology and Ethnology

“Hope for the Flowers” by Trina Paulus was recommended to me by a cousin a while ago, and I find myself rereading it a lot over the years. It’s a very short book and has illustrations, but I find that as I move through life, revisiting it helps me find new lessons in it every time I read it.

It’s kind of an allegory for how to how to live your life. I’m not a big rereader, but because this one is so short I can get through it in a quick amount of time, and it’s so bright and yellow (laughs) I just find myself occasionally pulling it down. It causes me to step back and reflect.

I got to say the same with “Ancient Wisdom, Modern World: Ethics for a New Millennium” by His Holiness the Dalai Lama. I picked it up in my first trip to Southeast Asia in 2000. It was my first exposure to Buddhist thought and philosophy. I picked it up in a bookstore in Bangkok and found it to be simultaneously very enlightening and very profound.

I go back to it because it’s the kind of book where I read a sentence or two, or maybe a paragraph at most, and I must mark the page, put it down and think about what I’ve read. I’ll read it in short doses because I always find new things to think about.

In that book, in particular, the Dalai Lama says that he’s not trying to convert people or demonstrate that Buddhism is the right way; he’s just laying out what he sees as logical ways to live our lives — observations that are often very profound. It helps me think about how the world works and how it should work, and how I could help to make it work better.

Professor of comparative religion and Indian studies, emerita; Fredric Wertham Professor of Law and Psychiatry in Society, emerita

I have a favorite list of books that I have “read” more than once, but I confess that I am a listener of audiobooks. I have loved many books in the last year and have relistened to several with pleasure. I started with the Hilary Mantel books that are read and interpreted with such fine expression and voice — “Wolf Hall,” “Bring Up the Bodies,” “The Mirror and the Light . ” I listened to the whole series twice. 

More recently, I have been reading Abraham Verghese. He himself reads “ The Covenant of Water” and hearing it narrated by a Malayalam speaker brings a whole culture to life. I am almost finished with my second reading. Why? It is the intense humanity of the story and the sheer beauty of his voice. Told entirely in the present but spanning generations. Heartwarming and heart-wrenching. 

Alejandra Vela Martínez

Assistant professor of Romance languages and literatures (Spanish)

Thinking about this question, I realized that, aside from work, there are few books I return to purely for pleasure. The first ones that came to mind were the “ Asterix” and “ Mafalda” comics, which I can always revisit briefly and joyfully, making me feel like a child again.

Another book that quickly came to mind is “ The Eternal Feminine” by the Mexican author Rosario Castellanos. Technically, it’s a play — the subtitle even calls it a farce — but in reality, it’s somewhat unstageable, requiring a production of at least four hours.

I love the book because it journeys through different moments in Mexican history and highlights female figures, showing how they’ve been subjugated and the discussions that can arise from that. Plus, it’s the last book Castellanos wrote before her sudden death in 1974 while she was serving as ambassador to Israel. The book is fun, and you can start rereading it from any point since each part is fairly independent.

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Biostatistics Graduate Program

Siwei zhang is first author of jamia paper.

Posted by duthip1 on Tuesday, August 13, 2024 in News .

Congratulations to PhD candidate Siwei Zhang , alumnus Nicholas Strayer (PhD 2020; now at Posit), senior biostatistician Yajing Li , and assistant professor Yaomin Xu on the publication of “ PheMIME: an interactive web app and knowledge base for phenome-wide, multi-institutional multimorbidity analysis ” in the  Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association on August 10. As stated in the abstract, “PheMIME provides an extensive multimorbidity knowledge base that consolidates data from three EHR systems, and it is a novel interactive tool designed to analyze and visualize multimorbidities across multiple EHR datasets. It stands out as the first of its kind to offer extensive multimorbidity knowledge integration with substantial support for efficient online analysis and interactive visualization.” Collaborators on the paper include members of Vanderbilt’s Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Biomedical Informatics, Department of Urology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Hematology and Oncology, VICTR , Department of Pharmacology, Center for Drug Safety and Immunology, and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, as well as colleagues at Massachusetts General Hospital, North Carolina State University, Murdoch University (Australia), and the Broad Institute. Dr. Xu is corresponding author.

Tags: cloud computing , EHR , methods , network analysis , R , schizophrenia , Shiny

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AirPods 4 with two new models still in Apple’s 2024 plans

In the latest edition of his Power On newsletter , Bloomberg’s Mark Gurman reiterated his previous report that Apple will release the fourth generation of the standard AirPods later this year. Apple is said to have plans to replace the second- and third-generation AirPods with two fourth-gen AirPods models that fill those point points of the lineup.

Gurman originally reported back in December 2023 about Apple’s plans to update the AirPods. The higher-priced, standard AirPods will have new features, such as active noise cancellation, which is currently available only on the AirPods Pro. The new AirPods will have redesigned earbuds and charging cases–the case will also feature USB-C.

Read more about the new AirPods coming later in 2024 , including the rumored AirPods Lite.

The second-generation AirPods were originally released in 2019 and are currently priced at $129. The third-generation AirPods were released in 2021 and cost $179. Prices for the fourth-generation AirPods are unknown.

The AirPods Pro will be updated at a later date, likely in 2025, according to Gurman. Gurman did not provide an update on the AirPods Max, which were released in 2020 and have not been updated since. In his Deccember 2023 report, Gurman stated that Apple could update the AirPods Max with USB-C and new colors.

Author: Roman Loyola , Senior Editor, Macworld

Roman is a Macworld Senior Editor with over 30 years of experience covering the tech industry, focusing on the Mac and other products in the Apple ecosystem. He is also the host of the Macworld Podcast. His career started at MacUser, where he received Apple certification as a repair technician (when Apple did that kind of thing). He's also worked for MacAddict, MacLife, and TechTV.

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Is being the second author out of two authors for papers from my PhD thesis going to affect my future job prospects?

I have completed my PhD recently and will be looking for academic jobs. During my Phd thesis work I published two papers with my thesis advisor and have put him as a first author. It was out of reverence for the guide and I have never discussed this openly with him. Both of these papers have two authors with me as second author. My question is that since I am not the first author, will that create a major issue for me while applying for academic jobs? My field of research is in computer science.

• publications

• 1 What sort of computer science? If theoretical, then the author lists should be alphabetical anyway. –  Tobias Kildetoft Commented Jul 20, 2018 at 9:32
• 1 Unless your advisor actually did more work than you on those papers, they should have objected to your offer of first authorship. –  JeffE Commented Jul 20, 2018 at 14:00

There are a lot of variables here. I'm in the US and personally never considered the order of authors significant, assuming generally that all were contributors. But in other places and with other persons it may be different. Do people assume that the first (or last) author is the "real author" and everyone else gets a free ride? I hope that isn't so. But I can't guarantee it.

Many people, it seems, include their dissertation advisor on papers arising from that work. I doubt that it is necessary and others are recommended to ask the advisor before they send the paper for publication. Many would suggest they not be included, but other advisors would have other advice. You might be able to avoid the OP's dilemma.

For purposes of job applications it will be useful, of course, if these are not the only papers you have in publication. If you have a few more, on which you are the sole author you will likely be in a good place.

However, your job prospects depend on more than your CV. Focus on that. If someone is hiring and gets a lot of applications, the first thing they do, typically, is to sort the candidates into two piles. The big pile is people who won't be considered. You want to get yourself into the small pile, but that will depend on more than the publications on your CV, including what you say about yourself in the opening (cover) letter. It will depend on your experience as well and how suitable your background is for the advertised job.

If you can make up a complete application package that gets you into the small pile, then your concern won't matter at all, since you will probably get an interview for the job and, if necessary, explain that this work was your dissertation work, done by you, with appropriate assistance. Your respect for your advisor led you to list him/her first. I don't think you can successfully explain that other than in person, however. It isn't the sort of thing that should be in the CV.

However, it might be possible to add a parenthetical note to the listings of the articles that this paper was based on your dissertation. Don't say more, however, and be careful even about that. I suggest it as a possibility, but don't necessarily recommend it.

But, again, your goal is to get an interview in which you can show the interviewers how suitable you are for the position.

And write a lot of papers as sole author if possible.

• In my experience on hiring and tenure commitees, in subfields where author order matters, it really does matter. People don’t necessarily assume that second and later authors got a free ride, but they do assume that they contributed less to the paper. Especially for joint student-advisor publications, listing the advisor first is a strong signal that the advisor deserves more credit, because “everyone knows{ that savvy advisors game the system by listing their students first (improving their chances of getting a job) even when the advisor did the work. –  JeffE Commented Jul 20, 2018 at 13:58
• @JeffE, totally outside my experience, but scary as can be. Student beware. –  Buffy Commented Jul 20, 2018 at 14:01

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PhD grad wants 1st author for all his student’s projects

I spent 2 years of undergrad doing doing grunt work for this PhD student. I got all the experiments done and I wrote up the manuscript. I did this project also for my 4th year undergraduate thesis. Based on contribution, we decided it was fair that I would be 1st author. I submitted to a journal and it got rejected.

Some time passes and now the PhD student wants first authorship because this manuscript is a ‘significant part of his PhD’. Nothing in the manuscript has changed since the previous submission. Our supervisor is extremely non-confrontational and has not helped in mediating the situation except to suggest that we should discuss more. We have been in discussion for 4 months now, with no solution in sight.

Now after looking at the lab’s publications, I realized that none of the students who did experiments for the PhD (at least 6 students) have ever published their own 1st author paper. The PhD has first authored all of them. The PI set up the lab such that each student had their ‘own’ project and during lab meetings the PI always encouraged us to publish as first authors.

The PhD student is extremely controlling and it seems the PI is also at his whim because they co-authored on a patent.

Is there anything I can do in this situation? It is evident that I did the majority of the work for the paper, but now the PhD wants to use his position to take 1st author.

Edit: Also wanted to add that my thesis was copy-and-pasted and used verbatim as a chapter of the PhD’s thesis. Is that common practice?

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