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My Relationship with Water: a Journey of Triumph Over Aquaphobia

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Aquaphobia: 6 effective tips to overcome the fear of water

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Does the thought of taking a swim or visiting a beach scare you to your core? If yes, you may have a fear of water. Medically known as aquaphobia, it can cause crippling fear in people who have a phobia of water. It is a fairly common phobia. Like other phobias, the severity can vary considerably from person to person. While some people are just scared of deep water or high waves, others avoid swimming pools and bathtubs. It can be common or worse for those who are unable to swim. However, this phobia is different from thalassophobia which is fear of the ocean. For some people, aquaphobia may go away on its own, others may need therapy to control and treat their symptoms. Here’s everything you need to know about fear of water or aquaphobia, including its causes, symptoms, and prevention methods.

What is aquaphobia?

Aquaphobia, also known as hydrophobia, is an intense and irrational fear of water. This fear can manifest in various forms, from fear of deep bodies of water like sea, river, or lakes to a fear of swimming pools or even a fear of water in general, including drinking water or touching it. People with aquaphobia may experience anxiety, panic attacks , sweating, trembling, rapid heartbeat, and a strong desire to avoid situations involving water. This fear can be triggered by traumatic experiences related to water, such as near-drowning incidents, or it may develop without any clear cause, found a study published in the American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry Journal .

Causes of aquaphobia

Here are some common causes of aquaphobia or fear of water, as explained by psychiatrist and psychotherapist, Dr Jyoti Kapoor .

1. Past traumatic events

One of the most common causes is experiencing a traumatic event related to water. This could include a near-drowning incident, witnessing someone else in distress in the water, or being forced into the water against your will. Such experiences can create a lasting fear response. These experiences can lead to aquaphobia or fear of water.

2. Observational learning

Sometimes, aquaphobia can develop through observational learning or conditioning. For instance, if a person observes someone close to them exhibiting fear of water or reacting strongly to it, they may internalise this fear and develop aquaphobia or fear of water themselves. Thus, it is often advisable for new swimmers to not demotivate them by telling past experiences of water as this can trigger aquaphobia.

3. Genetic predisposition

There may be a genetic predisposition or temperament that makes some individuals more prone to developing specific phobias, including aquaphobia. A person’s innate sensitivity to fear or anxiety can play a role in how they respond to potentially fearful situations like being near water bodies such as lakes, seas, swimming pools, or rivers.

4. Tendency of attracting phobias

Individuals with a general tendency towards anxiety or other specific phobias may be more likely to develop aquaphobia. This can be part of a broader pattern of anxiety disorders or specific phobias that one poses for a long time.

Symptoms of aquaphobia

Here are some common symptoms of aquaphobia, as found in a study published in the International Academy Research Journal of Social Science .

1. Irrational fear

The primary symptom of aquaphobia is an overwhelming and irrational fear of water. This fear can be triggered by various situations involving water, such as swimming, being near large bodies of water, or even thinking about water-related activities.

2. Panic attacks

Many individuals with aquaphobia experience panic attacks when confronted with their feared stimuli (water). Panic attacks can involve symptoms such as rapid heartbeat, sweating, trembling or shaking, shortness of breath , chest pain or discomfort, feeling dizzy or lightheaded, and a sense of impending doom or loss of control.

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3. Avoiding water completely

People with aquaphobia often go to great lengths to avoid situations where they might encounter water. This can include avoiding swimming pools, lakes, seas, or any place where water is present. They may also avoid activities that involve water, such as bathing or drinking water.

4. Other common symptoms

People with aquaphobia may also experience symptoms commonly associated with anxiety disorders, such as difficulty concentrating, irritability, sleep disturbances, and hypervigilance.

How to overcome aquaphobia?

Here are some tips that can be effective in overcoming aquaphobia, as recommended by the expert:

1. Educate yourself

Begin by educating yourself about aquaphobia. Understand that it is a common phobia and that fear is a natural response that can be managed. Learn about the specific triggers and symptoms you experience when confronted with water and try to deal with them.

2. Gradual exposure to water

Gradual exposure to water is a cornerstone of treatment for aquaphobia. This involves systematically and progressively exposing yourself to water-related stimuli in a controlled and safe environment. Start with the least anxiety-provoking situations, for example: looking at pictures of water and gradually work up to more challenging situations, for example: being near a swimming pool.

3. Practise relaxation techniques

Relaxation techniques such as deep breathing, progressive muscle relaxation, or mindfulness meditation. These techniques can help you manage anxiety and physiological symptoms when you’re in situations that trigger fear.

4. Refrain from negative thoughts

Challenge and reframe negative thoughts and beliefs about water. Often, individuals with aquaphobia have irrational thoughts about the dangers of water or their ability to cope with being near it. Use evidence-based reasoning to counter these thoughts and replace them with more realistic and balanced perspectives.

5. Set small goals for yourself

Set small, achievable goals for yourself related to water exposure. Celebrate your progress and recognize that overcoming aquaphobia is a gradual process. For example, your first goal might be to stand near a shallow pool for a few minutes without experiencing overwhelming fear.

6. Follow a healthy lifestyle

Taking care of your overall well-being can support your efforts to overcome aquaphobia. Ensure you get regular exercise, eat a balanced diet, and get enough sleep. Engage in activities that you enjoy and that help you relax and reduce stress.

Treatment of aquaphobia

The following are several common treatments for aquaphobia:

1. Exposure therapy

This is the primary treatment approach for phobias, including aquaphobia. Exposure therapy involves gradually exposing the individual to water in a controlled and systematic manner. The exposure starts with less anxiety-provoking situations (for example, looking at pictures of water) and progresses to more challenging situations (for example, being near a swimming pool or learning basic swimming skills), found a study published in the Cureus Psychology Journal .

2. Mindfulness techniques

“ Mindfulness techniques can help individuals with aquaphobia manage their anxiety symptoms. Techniques such as deep breathing, meditation, and body scanning can promote relaxation and reduce the physiological arousal associated with fear,” suggested by the expert.

3. Virtual reality therapy

Virtual reality (VR) therapy is an emerging treatment modality that can be particularly effective for specific phobias like aquaphobia. VR allows individuals to experience simulated water-related scenarios in a controlled and safe environment. Therapists can gradually expose patients to virtual water settings while teaching coping strategies to manage anxiety reactions, according to a study published in the Frontiers Psychiatry Journal .

4. Medication

Medication is generally not the first-line treatment for specific phobias like aquaphobia, but it may be considered in cases where symptoms are severe or significantly impair daily functioning. “Antidepressants or anti-anxiety medications may be prescribed to help manage symptoms of anxiety or panic attacks associated with aquaphobia, as recommended by the expert.

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Conquering Aquaphobia: Overcoming the Fear of Submerging Your Head

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Introduction: Understanding Aquaphobia

Aquaphobia is a specific phobia characterized by an intense fear and avoidance of water, particularly when it involves submerging the head. This fear can be debilitating and may prevent individuals from participating in water-related activities, such as swimming or even taking a shower. While the fear may seem irrational to others, it is very real and can have a significant impact on a person’s quality of life. In this comprehensive guide, we will explore the science behind aquaphobia, effective strategies for overcoming the fear, personal experiences of individuals who conquered their fear, and resources available for managing aquaphobia.

The Science Behind Fear: How the Brain Responds to Aquaphobia

Fear is a natural response programmed in our brains to protect us from potential threats. When it comes to aquaphobia, the brain perceives water as a threat, triggering a fear response. The amygdala, a small almond-shaped structure in the brain, plays a crucial role in the fear response. It processes emotional stimuli and, in the case of aquaphobia, becomes hyperactive when faced with water or the thought of submerging the head. Understanding the science behind fear can help individuals rationalize their fear and take steps towards overcoming it.

Facing the Fear: Effective Strategies for Overcoming Aquaphobia

Conquering aquaphobia requires a systematic approach that gradually exposes individuals to their fear. One effective strategy is gradual desensitization, where individuals are exposed to water-related situations in a safe and controlled manner. This may include visualizing submerging the head in water, gradually working up to activities like dipping the face in water. Another strategy is cognitive-behavioral therapy, which helps individuals identify and challenge negative thoughts and beliefs associated with water. Both of these approaches have been proven successful in helping individuals overcome their fear of submerging their head underwater.

My Personal Journey: Conquering Aquaphobia and Rediscovering the Joy of Swimming

As someone who has personally battled with aquaphobia, I understand the challenges and fears that individuals face. For years, the thought of putting my head underwater terrified me. However, I refused to let my fear control me, and I embarked on a journey to conquer my aquaphobia. Through consistent exposure and therapy, I slowly built up my confidence and overcame my fear. Today, I am proud to say that I can fully submerge my head underwater without any fear or anxiety. Rediscovering the joy of swimming has been a transformative experience for me, and I hope my story inspires others to confront their fears.

Overcoming Fear: Expert Tips and Techniques for Submerging Your Head in Water

Submerging your head in water can be a daunting task for individuals with aquaphobia. However, with the right techniques and guidance, it is possible to overcome this fear. One effective tip is to start by practicing breath control in water, gradually getting comfortable with holding your breath for longer durations. Another technique is to wear goggles, which can alleviate some of the anxiety associated with opening the eyes underwater. Additionally, mentally preparing yourself before attempting to submerge your head can provide a sense of control and reduce fear.

How to Build Confidence in the Water: Step-by-Step Exercises to Overcome Aquaphobia

Building confidence in the water is crucial for overcoming aquaphobia. Start by simply getting comfortable with being in the water, whether it’s standing in the shallow end or floating on your back. Practice gradually immersing your face in water while holding your breath, starting with short durations and gradually increasing the time. Deep breathing exercises and relaxation techniques can also help reduce anxiety in the water. As you gain confidence, gradually progress to more challenging activities, such as swimming strokes or diving, always at a pace that feels comfortable for you.

Seeking Help: Professional Therapies and Resources for Managing Aquaphobia

If aquaphobia is significantly impacting your life and attempts to overcome it on your own have been unsuccessful, seeking professional help may be beneficial. Mental health professionals, such as psychologists or counselors, can provide specialized therapies to address and manage aquaphobia. Cognitive-behavioral therapy and exposure therapy are common treatment approaches used to help individuals confront and overcome their fears. Additionally, there are several resources available online, such as forums and support groups, where individuals can connect with others who have similar experiences.

The Benefits of Overcoming Aquaphobia: Improving Physical and Mental Well-being

Overcoming aquaphobia has numerous benefits for both physical and mental well-being. Swimming, for instance, is a low-impact exercise that offers a range of health benefits, including increased cardiovascular fitness and improved muscle strength. Engaging in water-related activities can also boost self-confidence, reduce stress, and provide a sense of relaxation. Once you conquer your fear of submerging your head, you open up a world of opportunities for enjoyment and improved overall health.

Inspiring Stories: Real-life Experiences of Individuals Who Triumphed over Aquaphobia

Real-life stories of individuals who triumphed over aquaphobia can provide powerful inspiration and motivation. These stories showcase the challenges, setbacks, and ultimately, the triumphs of those who once feared the water. Reading about others’ success can help individuals realize that they are not alone in their struggle and that overcoming aquaphobia is possible. Many individuals have gone on to become avid swimmers or even pursued careers in water-related activities, showcasing the transformative power of conquering this fear.

Conquering Aquaphobia: A Comprehensive Guide to Overcoming the Fear of Submerging Your Head

In conclusion, aquaphobia is a common fear that can be overcome with the right strategies, techniques, and support. Understanding the science behind fear, gradually facing the fear through exposure, and seeking professional help when needed are all vital components of conquering aquaphobia. Building confidence in the water through step-by-step exercises and embracing the benefits of overcoming aquaphobia can lead to improved physical and mental well-being. Remember, you are not alone in this journey, and with determination and support, you can overcome your fear of submerging your head and find joy in water-related activities.

Understanding the Link between Aquaphobia and Other Water-Based Phobias

While aquaphobia specifically refers to the fear of submerging your head in water, it is often associated with other water-based phobias. These phobias can manifest in various ways and stem from different underlying causes. Understanding the link between aquaphobia and other water-based phobias can provide valuable insights into the nature of these fears and how they can be overcome.

1. Thalassophobia: The Fear of the Sea

Thalassophobia is a common water-based phobia where individuals experience an intense fear or anxiety when in or near large bodies of water, such as the ocean or sea. This fear can stem from various factors, including the fear of drowning or being attacked by sea creatures. The fear of submerging the head often accompanies thalassophobia, as it represents a deeper connection with the immense and unknown depths of the sea.

Overcoming thalassophobia can involve gradual exposure therapy, where individuals are exposed to water-related stimuli in a controlled and supportive environment. Cognitive-behavioral techniques can also be effective in reshaping negative thoughts and beliefs associated with the fear.

2. Hydrophobia: The Fear of Water Itself

Hydrophobia is a generalized fear of water, which can extend beyond the fear of submerging the head. Individuals with hydrophobia may experience intense panic or anxiety in situations involving any form of water, such as swimming pools, lakes, or even water bottles. This fear can stem from traumatic experiences, such as near-drowning incidents or witnessing water-related accidents.

Treatment for hydrophobia often involves a combination of therapy techniques, including exposure therapy, cognitive-behavioral therapy, and relaxation exercises. Gradual desensitization to water-related stimuli can help individuals regain a sense of control and reduce their fear response.

Exploring the Cultural and Historical Significance of Water and Aquatic Activities

Water has played a significant role in human culture and history, with various aquatic activities and rituals being deeply ingrained in different societies. Exploring the cultural and historical significance of water can provide a broader perspective on our relationship with this natural element and shed light on the fear of submerging the head in water.

1. Ritual Cleansing: The Symbolism of Water Purification

Many cultures have long-standing traditions of water purification rituals, which involve submerging the body, including the head, in water as a means of spiritual cleansing. These rituals often symbolize the renewal of the soul and the washing away of impurities. Understanding the cultural significance of such practices can help individuals with aquaphobia view water submersion in a more positive light.

2. Water-Based Sports: Overcoming Fear through Physical Activities

Aquatic activities, such as swimming, surfing, and diving, have been enjoyed for centuries and offer numerous physical and mental health benefits. Engaging in these water-based sports can not only help conquer aquaphobia but also provide a sense of empowerment and accomplishment. Exploring the historical development of these activities and the individuals who have excelled in them can serve as inspiration and motivation for overcoming the fear of submerging the head.

By delving into the cultural and historical significance of water, individuals with aquaphobia can gain a deeper appreciation for this natural element, fostering a more positive outlook on submerging their heads in water and potentially aiding in their journey towards conquering their fear.

FAQS – Frequently Asked Questions

FAQs: Overcoming the Fear of Submerging Your Head

1. Question: What is aquaphobia and what are its symptoms? Answer: Aquaphobia is an extreme fear or phobia of water, primarily manifesting as a fear of submerging one’s head. Symptoms may include panic, rapid heartbeat, shortness of breath, sweating, and avoidance of water-related activities.

2. Question: Can aquaphobia be overcome naturally without professional help? Answer: Yes, aquaphobia can be overcome naturally without professional help, but it requires determination and consistent exposure to water-related situations. Gradual and controlled exposure to water, relaxation techniques, and seeking support from friends and family can greatly aid in overcoming this fear.

3. Question: How long does it typically take to overcome aquaphobia? Answer: The time required to overcome aquaphobia may vary from person to person. It depends on the severity of the phobia, individual willingness to face fears, and the effectiveness of techniques used. With consistent efforts, many individuals start experiencing improvement within a few weeks or months.

4. Question: Are there any specific techniques or strategies to overcome aquaphobia? Answer: Yes, there are various techniques and strategies that can aid in overcoming aquaphobia. These include gradual exposure to water, deep breathing exercises, progressive muscle relaxation, visualization techniques, and cognitive-behavioral therapy. It’s important to find a technique that resonates with you and seek professional guidance if needed.

5. Question: Can aquaphobia have long-term effects on a person’s life? Answer: Yes, untreated aquaphobia can have long-term effects on a person’s life. It can limit participation in water-related activities, affect personal relationships, and hinder opportunities for leisure and career growth. Seeking help to overcome aquaphobia can improve the overall quality of life and increase personal confidence in facing fears.

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How to Overcome Fear of Water

Drowning prevention begins with learning to manage anxiety outside the pool..

Posted December 9, 2014 | Reviewed by Ekua Hagan

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I’ve been traveling the country speaking about facing fear since Some Nerve came out last year. Nowhere has it been more of a life and death issue than the 11th annual World Aquatic Health Conference (WAHC) hosted by the non-profit National Swimming Pool Foundation®(NSPF®) , where I gave a keynote speech in October. This year, the WAHC focused on how to help people overcome their fear of water, to find solutions to the perpetual high rates of drowning in this country, and to begin a conversation amongst attendees on how to move forward.

Look at these statistics:

Two-thirds of Americans are afraid of deep, open bodies of water and 46% are afraid of the deep end of a pool. Thirty-seven percent of Americans are unable to swim, and almost 4000 people a year in the United States die of drowning.

Knowing how to swim (and equally important, knowing how to prevent panic in the water) are unquestionably life-saving skills, but if most swim lessons begin with “get in the pool,” those afraid of that first step will avoid lessons entirely.

Those who enter the pool afraid are often prone to panic at some point in their learning and never go back. Studies show that most children of non-swimmers don’t get enough practice to become competent swimmers themselves, perpetuating the cycle. How can we help the millions of fearful swimmers learn to enjoy the water safely?

We must address the fear first .

Anyone who enters the pool feeling overwhelmed by fear of embarrassment , failing, or being out of control, or who goes into flight/fight mode, will have a terribly hard time listening and learning over their pounding heart and racing thoughts.

In my remarks, I advocated for training swim instructors on how fear and anxiety affect students physically and emotionally, and how to de-escalate the fear and regain control. In profiling aquatic therapists like Jeff Krieger of Strategies for Overcoming Aquatic Phobias for the Water chapter of Some Nerve, I observed several differences in his approach vs the standard beginner class:

• Starting the lesson outside the pool and establishing trust . Very often anxious students are told, “there’s nothing to be afraid of.” But they are afraid. So anyone who says this immediately loses credibility. Taking the student’s concerns seriously before they enter the water makes them feel more safe and able to learn.
• Demystifying the water, explaining the properties of buoyancy, what happens when we’re in it and it goes into our ears or nose, washes overhead, etc.
• Practicing relaxation techniques like breathing and visualization outside the water first so they become easily accessible if needed in the pool.
• Going slow and accepting that it may be an emotional process, but keeping the goal clear: competence in the deep end. While many believe the fear of water is simply too hard to overcome, that isn’t true. In the documentary film Taking the Plunge (produced by Shawnelle King of Falcon Rattler Media) screened at WAHC, we see two of Jeff’s adult students go from tears in the shallow end to swimming laps with pride and joy within 10 classes.

Even more than learning strokes, learning to cope with fear and maintaining ease in the water is what prevents drowning. I can swim but ever since I had a terrifying experience getting swept down a river as a teen , I’ve struggled with anxiety in moving water. I once needed the lifeguard to pull me up in the three feet of water at the bottom of a waterslide, simply because I was flustered and forgot how to stand up. Even competitive swimmers panic — that’s why there are swim angels to help triathletes in the open water. When you get scared, you forget what you know. Teaching people what to do when they feel fear is about the most empowering antidote.

In the U.S. today, there are only a handful of swim instructors who specialize in teaching fearful students (presenting at the WAHC were Jeff Krieger of Strategies for Overcoming Aquatic Phobias (S.O.A.P.) , Melon Dash of Miracle Swim , and Kimberlee Shults of Face in Water ). These pioneers have developed effective strategies that have helped many, many students but there is still so much need out there.

If you or someone you love is afraid of the water, connect with them, or advocate for your local pool to get their staff trained by them . I would love to see basic “Getting Comfortable in the Water” classes as ubiquitous as Toastmasters International which started with 1 club to help people overcome the fear of public speaking and has grown to over 13,000 chapters in 116 countries. Why not?

With the energy, imagination , and commitment of aquatics professionals like the nearly 400 swim program directors, pool operators, health officials, parks & recreation representatives who attended WAHC, everything is possible. Many were eager to brainstorm ideas at the conference — we talked about adding parent classes alongside kids classes, or offering a free private lesson for parents of kids enrolled. We talked about enlisting mental health professionals to get certified to teach or consult with staff. We talked about starting every beginner class outside the pool, with more direct instruction on managing anxiety. We talked about Spanish language classes in underserved communities. Talk that I am confident will lead to action.

Perhaps most moving for me were the swim instructors who told me that they never understood the adult students who couldn’t do basic things like put their face in the water and blow bubbles before. More than one had tears in their eyes as they said things like, “I had students quit after one lesson and I never knew why. I wish I could go back and do it over again,” and “Now, I get it. This is going to help me understand my students a whole lot better.”

What can you do to help? Can you raise awareness of the issue in your community? Can you fundraise to get pool staff trained to teach fearful swimmers? Or build partnerships between health and wellness providers to educate the public about anxiety and drowning prevention? A good place to donate is the NSPF Step Into Swim Campaign , a 10-year initiative to create 1 million new swimmers. So far they have raised $103,427 with matching funds.

Let’s start viewing fear of water as something that can be overcome, and swimming as a human right. All of us can play a part in saving and improving lives by sharing our ideas and then taking the plunge.

Patty Chang Anker is the author of Some Nerve . She also blogs at Facing Forty Upside Down.

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The Fear of Water or Aquaphobia

It's more than just being scared of the ocean

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Complications

There is something undeniably unsettling about being out in the middle of the ocean, or a deep body of water. Crashing waves and flooding during a storm are frightening too. But this normal discomfort with intense water situations is not the same as having a phobia.

Aquaphobia, or fear of water, is a fairly common phobia . Like all phobias, it may vary dramatically in severity from person to person. Some people are only afraid of deep water or strong waves, while others fear swimming pools and bathtubs. It can be common or worse for people who cannot swim.

This phobia is different from Thalassophobia , which is specifically the fear of the ocean, this phobia is more generalized to a variety of exposures and interactions with water.

Some are afraid of entering the water, while others cannot bear to even look at a large body of water. Occasionally, aquaphobia is so pervasive that even being splashed or sprayed with water can cause a phobic reaction .

The most common cause of aquaphobia is a previous negative experience.   If you have been through a near-drowning experience, shipwreck, or even a bad swimming lesson, you are more likely to develop a phobia of water.

Learning to swim is a rite of passage for many children, and frightening experiences are common. The way that these situations are handled plays a major role in determining whether a phobia will occur.

The negative experience need not have happened to you specifically. After the film Jaws was released in 1975, reports of water phobia, as well as shark phobia, increased dramatically.

Like all specific phobias, the symptoms of aquaphobia vary between sufferers. In general, the more severe the phobia, the more severe the symptoms will be. You might shake, freeze in place, or attempt to escape.

You may develop anticipatory anxiety in the days or weeks preceding an upcoming encounter with water. You might refuse to enter the water or begin panicking as soon as you step in.

Water is an innate part of human life. Swimming is a common activity at summer camps, on vacation, and at parties or social events. Avoiding water altogether may be difficult or awkward.

If your fear extends to water splashes and sprays, it can be even more life-limiting. Fountains are a decorating staple at theme parks, resorts, ​and even local malls. Some of these fountains perform elaborately choreographed water routines, which may splash bystanders. Water splashes are also a common effect in carnival rides and games.

In some cases, aquaphobia can lead to ablutophobia  or fear of bathing.

This relatively rare phobia can also have a devastating impact on self-esteem. Modern culture places a heavy emphasis on cleanliness and hygiene, and those who do not take a daily shower or bath may be scorned. There is also an elevated risk of both common and rare diseases in those who allow dirt and bacteria to linger on their skin and hair.

Like most specific phobias, aquaphobia responds quite well to treatment. Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is especially popular. CBT will show you how to identify and replace negative self-talk with more positive messages. It will also teach you how to cope with your fear .

In the treatment of phobias, there is commonly a component of exposure. In order to accomplish this, the therapist can help you overcome your fear with incremental steps . For example, you may first be tasked with filling the bathtub with a few inches of water, then putting your hand in, and finally sitting in the bathtub with water in it.

Over time, a series of small successes will increase your confidence, allowing you to gradually add new water-related activities. If your phobia is severe, medications , hypnosis , and other forms of therapy may be used to help you get your fear under control.

The goal is for you to become comfortable around water, and there is no “one size fits all” treatment that works for everyone. Nonetheless, with the help of a skilled therapist , aquaphobia can be successfully managed and even overcome.

Shank CB. A child’s fear of the water environment . Children’s Environments Quarterly . 1987;4(2):33-37.

American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders . 5th ed. American Psychiatric Association; 2013.

By Lisa Fritscher Lisa Fritscher is a freelance writer and editor with a deep interest in phobias and other mental health topics.

Facing Her Worst Fear: An ELLE Writer Learns to Swim at 28

We are here to learn how to swim. By we , I am referring to the two dozen or so men and women between the ages of 20 and 60 who are huddled at the edge of the Y pool on East 14th Street in New York City. Though we haven't yet dipped a toe in, we're all wet because a large sign in the locker room ordered us to shower before entering the pool area. Many of us are wearing impractical bathing suits that have never seen water. Because we are also required to wear swim caps, we look very strange—the neat contours of our bodies and protruding goggles give us the appearance of wary extraterrestrials visiting an unknown planet. Our nearly naked state reveals that we have a surprising amount of body hair, nice breasts, dimpled thighs, tattoos, moles that maybe should be checked out, mystery scars, and at least 15 different shades of skin tone, due to our various nationalities. We are cold, and many of us are scared. We have paid $275 for 12 weeks of lessons, and some of us, I know, are already regretting the purchase the way one regrets ordering a high-tech vegetable chopper from a late-night infomercial. To ease our anxiety, we ask questions. What's your name? Do you really not know how to swim, or do you kind of know? So, like, you can't even float, right?

Two athletic-looking men and one woman stand before us. They welcome us to "adult beginner swim," and I laugh at the class's title—suggesting as it does that we are beginners not only at swimming, but also at adulthood. The female instructor glares at me and sternly informs us that if we miss a class, there will be absolutely "no makeups!"

Today we will be separated into smaller groups based on ability. As a quick test, Tony, an instructor wearing a full-body wet suit, stands in the middle of the pool and asks us to swim to him one at a time in any way we know how. Very quickly it becomes clear that some of us have lied; some of us can in fact kind of swim and float. I am one of the liars. I can usually doggy-paddle for about seven seconds before my nerves take over and I sink. I walk down the steps into the pool, swim halfway to Tony, and stop. "What happened?" he asks. "I'm afraid to go deeper," I say. The water, which is a pale blue and reeks of chlorine, is up to my waist. Tony assigns me to the lowest level.

I'm afraid to go deeper . Once, sometimes twice a year I mumble this as I enter oceans and friends' pools. My mother never learned to swim, and so I never did either. The last time someone tried to teach me, I was 11 and my uncle had decided that enough was enough. On an overcast Sunday at Manhattan Beach in Brooklyn, I was playing with my cousins near the shore when he picked me up and tossed me into the ocean. By the time I inhaled to scream, I was underwater.

The idea, I think, was that nature would take over—that I'd kick, battle the water, and eventually rise to the surface. Instead I lay down on the bottom of the ocean and allowed the water to enter my lungs. That I seemed to possess no survival instinct, as it's called—no innate part of me that knew what to do in the face of danger—became apparent again the next year when I encountered a snake in the woods. As the other kids ran screaming, I just stood there frozen, tears streaming down my face. I have no idea what personality traits bring a child to so passively greet ominous circumstances, but these episodes do reveal a fatalistic predisposition that has followed me into my "adult beginner" life. As I sank to the bottom of the ocean, it simply did not occur to me that there was anything I could do about it.

I couldn't have been in the water 
longer than seconds, but in my memory the moment stretches like a film reel, each frame full of distinct sights and sensations. I remember the pillowy sand beneath my thighs, the light filtering through the deep green water above me, the human shadow eclipsing the light, and my uncle's arms reaching in and yanking me out. I remember coughing and coughing, and then the reel cuts off and there are no more images, only the feelings of inadequacy and shame for having disappointed, and the certainty that I never wanted to see that particular movie again.

"Just blow out slowly," Tony is telling me. There are seven of us in Tony's group, and we are learning to blow bubbles. While my classmates keep their heads submerged for five, even 10 seconds, I lower only my face—the tip of my nylon-capped head sticking out—push all of my air out in one forceful exhale, and bop up immediately. A couple of times I try holding my nose on the way down, but Tony says it's not allowed. He tells me to just try holding my breath, but again I dip, blow, bop up like a buoy. Tony looks confused.

We move on to an exercise that requires us to push off the side of the pool and glide with our faces down in the water. The glide itself is not bad, but I keep raising my head as soon as I start, and Tony's patience is fading. "Just hold your breath!" he instructs. I want to please Tony, so the next time I try to remain under and somehow manage to inhale water. "Why can't you just hold it?" Tony asks as I come up coughing. He moves on to his more promising pupils, but it is too late, I can't stop—I am crying in the pool. Then I realize something that will bring me great comfort over the next three months: No one can tell when you're crying in the water.

The first time I saw the ocean, I was 10 years old, and it was wintertime, and my mother and I had walked four blocks from our high-rise in Coney Island, Brooklyn, to the shore in our heavy coats and stood staring at the Atlantic as if it were a gorgeous mirage. The previous night we'd emigrated from Russia. Our first year in Brooklyn, I attended a day camp at Brighton Beach, where, observing a sprightly girl named Katya in the water, I began teaching myself the doggy paddle, but my visit to Manhattan Beach later that summer put an end to my aquatic interests.

It would be unfair, however, to suggest that my ambivalence about water began on that day. Even as a young child I'd had a consuming fascination with seas and oceans, which, growing up in Moscow, seemed about as faraway and exotic to me as the moon. My favorite book was about a young girl who gets swept away by a storm and lands on an island made entirely of candy. My favorite TV show was The Undersea World of Jacques Cousteau , dubbed in Russian. By the time I'd read Gulliver's Travels , I was convinced that large bodies of water were portals to fantastical, possibly frightening worlds—a theory that proved true after we crossed the Atlantic by plane and landed in Coney Island.

But children's books are made of the very real terrors suffered by adults, and after I'd actually met the ocean, I began to see it for what it is: a sprawling, menacing body with its own heartbeats, temperamental whims, and immeasurable strength. By high school, I'd refused to read Moby-Dick and still haven't. Even now, I memorize drowning data in New York the way others note crime statistics. Though I have lived here for more than a decade, I've never taken a ferry, because I know that the waters surrounding Manhattan have currents powerful enough to carry even competent swimmers out to sea, and that in 1904, for instance, the General Slocum , a steamship traveling along the East River, caught fire and sank, killing an estimated 1,021 people—the deadliest day in New York City's history until September 11, 2001.

When I get home, I call my mother. She has no memory of that day at Manhattan Beach, but after I describe it to her—we've somehow never talked about it—she tells me that something similar happened to her. When she was five, she slipped from my grandmother's grasp as they were crossing a shallow lake and fell in. Her reel is eerily similar to mine: the soft sand, the filtering light, the human shadow coming to rescue her. She hasn't entered a body of water since.

Fear of water can be a hereditary condition, suffered by a surprising number of people. A quick Google search reveals that Eva Mendes and Snoop Dogg can't swim, and neither can former Baywatch babe Carmen Electra. According to the USA Swimming Foundation, if a parent doesn't know how to swim, there is only a 13 percent chance that his or her child will learn. Up to half of Americans can't swim, and an average of 10 people drown in the country every day.

The week my classes begin, I happen to be reading Renata Adler's 1976 novel Speedboat , in which she writes, "Every child, naturally, who was not a sissy, swam. In lakes, and seas, and heavily chlorinated pools, they earned their certificates…. People who missed their proper year often remained afraid of swimming, driving, hunting or whatever, all their lives."

That passage isn't about swimming exactly. It's about something far more important—it's about how we come to think of ourselves. To know the self as a "sissy" is to avoid skis, bicycles, mountains, and tennis courts because of the strong suspicion that you will not, necessarily, know to raise a racket to block the ball from hitting your face. If we don't learn to swim, we lose a certain faith in our ability to meet physical challenges, but the impact may be greater yet, if sneakingly pernicious. Realizing that not only does your body fail to stay afloat but that it doesn't even bother to kick when faced with its own demise begins to feel like a repulsive evolutionary defect that must be concealed at all costs—an Achilles heel so fundamental that it threatens all our other accomplishments. (Is there anything more humiliating than lacking a basic instinct for self-preservation?) That I want to learn to swim now, at the age of 28, has less to do with my being afraid of drowning than it does with my growing increasingly tired with myself for being afraid of "whatever."

When I return to the Y, Tony delivers strange news. I, along with three others from the lowest beginner group, have been reassigned to an even lower beginner group. Weeks later, after I get to know my new classmates, I can only assume that the good people at the Y created a special level for us—let's call it "traumatized adult beginner swim"—and called in special forces.

My classmates are all from India. Upal and Ujjal are fraternal twins in their late twenties who live together in Stuyvesant Town. The brothers took a swim class when they were kids but didn't like their teacher. "So we never went back," Upal told me. Ujjal has a rather large tattoo of two dolphins on his back, and I'm not sure he's aware of the irony. Our fourth is Anustee, a doe-eyed young woman who wears a bathing suit with a skirt attached. Whenever Anustee enters the water, her eyebrows travel upward on her forehead in an expression that communicates pure terror. Several times I wanted to ask her why she never learned to swim, but she always seemed too distressed to engage in small talk.

Since none of us had learned to blow bubbles, we start there. "Show me what you do," says Will, our new teacher. I show him and brace for criticism. Instead, Will comes up close to me and begins speaking in a calm, measured tone. "It's okay," he says. "This is totally normal. You're just a little nervous in the water. I want you to try something for me: Just hum." Hum? "Yes, hum. Start humming before you go under and that will pace your breathing."

My hum is more like a yogi's "om" as I lower my head into the pool. I focus on humming slowly but steadily so that no water enters my nose— Oooooommm —and as I realize that I've now been under for several seconds, I become irrationally angry at Tony for not having mentioned this neat trick last week. As I come up, Will is smiling. "That's it," he says. "See? Easy." By the end of the class, I not only learn to glide but I'm the only one who masters floating, which Will asks me to demonstrate for the rest of the class.

A few important words about Will: He is beautiful. Tall, tan, and muscular, he is like a Puerto Rican Michael Phelps. When Will isn't in the pool, he walks around shirtless in ragged sweatpants and beige Crocs. My favorite things about him include a small swirl of hair that forms a rat tail at the back of his neck, and the tongue ring that he tried to be discreet about until it fell out in week five and he had to go fishing for it in the pool. Whenever I panic in the water—which is often—he will grab my shoulders or my waist and say, "It's okay. You're okay. I got you. I'm right here," and I will at times forget that I have a boyfriend and look at Will with affection and gratitude so pure that I will simultaneously wish that he were my father and my husband. And if that sounds twisted, well, then you have not had the terrifying pleasure of being rescued by Will from the depths of the Y pool.

After the first lesson, Will teaches us to use kickboards and flippers, which is a little bit like learning to walk horizontally on water using a precarious floating device for balance and giant webbed feet for a manual propeller. (Flippers, I learn later, were the invention of Benjamin Franklin, an avid swimmer who helped popularize aquatics for the masses.)

It takes a few weeks to get the hang of these contraptions, but eventually we're zooming from one end of the pool to the other like toddlers on training wheels, and though I know I'm not swimming, exactly, I think I am starting to understand the concept.

When I move across the water, the parts of my life that exist on land seem unimportant. It's impossible for me to think about what e-mail I didn't send, or which friend I may have offended. My only priority is not to drown, and so I focus on my kicks, my breath, my muscles, which grow heavy whenever I get nervous. I start to fall in love with the sounds, which—except for the times when I hear Will's muffled voice say, "Relax your neck, Irina!"—are a pleasing symphony of low whirls and gargles as the water is pushed around and parted by my own body.

As the weeks go on, I begin to think of water as a different mode of existence and of swimming as a practice of essentially adapting my body to alien conditions. I start to see the world divided into people who can survive in dual realities, and more primitive creatures like myself who've been sequestered on the small patches of land that occupy our mostly blue planet. It occurs to me that, with the exception of space, this is the only place where humans get to defy gravity and escape the weight of their tired bodies.

Between classes, everyone who hears that I'm learning to swim is eager to tell me their own water stories, and I start to feel like the protagonist in John Cheever's "The Swimmer," swimming across the backyard pools of people's childhoods: the old wounds, the competitions, the beach towns where they grew up, that time the baby fell in, the brothers who took them surfing, the freedoms water afforded them and the insecurities they still feel from early failures in it.

In class, too, we all have our blocks. Upal and Ujjal, who are the only ones who can swim well without flippers, still cannot float. When they try, they sort of hover somewhere between the bottom of the pool and its surface as if frozen in the center of an ice cube. Anustee consistently comes undone in the deep end and thrashes around until Will rushes to her rescue, which always makes me a little jealous. For me, jumping into the water is the hardest. Every week as the others line up and hop in like a row of ducklings, I stand whimpering at the pool's edge and categorically refuse to do it no matter how long Will pleads with me. Even when we do this at the shallow end, I cannot seem to get myself to step forward, and I tell Will with full conviction that I will drown if I do. A few times I start to cry. When I finally do jump in—and this takes all of the 12 weeks—it's not until Will stands in the pool beneath me, offers me his hand, and promises that he will not let go.

On our final day, Will brings in a camera and films us so that we can see our progress. I climb out of the pool and stand next to him as he shows me the video in which I attempt to swim without the safety of flippers or a kickboard. I watch my scrawny body making movements I've never seen it make before, and the shocking part is that I'm moving through the pool—slowly and sloppily, but I'm doing it. "See, you have a great kick," Will says. Before I leave, he writes down his e-mail address and tells me to get in touch if I want more swimming lessons, if I have questions, or "whatever."

I graduate from the Y in June, and in mid-July I fly to Biarritz, where world champion surfer Lisa Andersen has generously agreed to give me a swimming lesson in open water. Andersen is an athlete for Roxy, the apparel brand with a heart-shape logo that is celebrating its twenty-fifth anniversary in 2014. The beach in Biarritz is known for its waves, but when I arrive to observe the annual Roxy Pro competition, all the female surfers seem depressed. "The ocean's as still as a lake," Andersen tells me. The competition has been canceled, but for me, calm waters means I have no excuse.

Unlike the ritzier parts of southern France along the Mediterranean, Biarritz, on the Atlantic, has the raw, unself-conscious feel of a small seaside town. Andersen and I meet at the beach in the afternoon. I'm hesitant to go in the ocean, so she suggests we just sit and talk for a bit where the water is shallow and allow the lapping waves to wash over us. "I want you to just feel the ocean and its rhythms," she says.

With her flaxen blond hair and fit figure, Andersen, who is 44, has a soulful quality about her and bears a striking resemblance to the actress Robin Wright. When she was a kid, her family moved around a lot, finally settling in Ormond Beach, Florida. Her father was an alcoholic who was abusive to Andersen and her brothers. Her mother, like mine, never learned to swim and was always afraid of the ocean. After Andersen learned to surf, the ocean, where she wanted to spend all of her time, formed a rift between her and her family. At 16, after her father became angry and cracked her surfboard, she ran away from home and moved to Huntington Beach, California. She left a note on her pillow informing her parents that she was leaving to become the number-one female surfer in the world; nine years later she did so.

As we're talking, I'm so focused on Andersen that I'm startled when a small wave lashes me in the face. "That's another thing: Never turn your back on the ocean," she says. "Do you want to walk in a little?"

"Okay," I say, and we go in up to our knees. I believe Andersen when she says that the ocean is unusually calm, but for me, the small waves might as well be tsunamis. I am standing waist-deep now, and each time I see a wave approaching, I shudder and sometimes also shriek. The first time this happens, I sort of leap into Andersen's arms like a baby chimp and wrap my arms around her neck. The sense that this is an unacceptable thing for an adult to do is superseded entirely by my fear that a wave will swallow me and that I'll drown. Andersen is kind enough not to laugh. She instructs me to hop up against the wave's force and, as we tread deeper, plant my feet as each swell passes. She also allows me to hold her hand whenever I need to. "That rocking back and forth can be so peaceful—I really want you to have that," she says. "I go to the ocean wherever I am, whenever I want to get away from all the worries and stresses. Sometimes I'm drowning on land, and I need to get in the water to breathe.

"This is where my confidence lies," Andersen adds. "In the rest of my life, I have all these insecurities, but here I feel confident."

When I ask why, Andersen pauses for a moment. "I don't know. I guess the ocean has never broken my heart."

It seems unlikely I'll ever have that much trust in the ocean, I say. How could I when we are standing in the same body of water that once pinned me to its floor? "But you have to remember," Andersen says, "the ocean didn't do that to you."

I haven't noticed, but I am now standing chin-deep—the farthest out I've ever gone. Though we are more than an hour into my lesson, Andersen hasn't asked me to do any actual swimming. Instead, she's conducted a sort of immersion therapy, distracting me from my anxiety and allowing me to control the pace as we waded deeper. Somewhere along the way, it's almost as if I've forgotten that we're not on land and adjusted to my new environment, standing on tippy-toes and instinctually rising and rocking with the current. When I look back and see how far we are from shore, it feels strange not to feel afraid. I wouldn't describe standing here as peaceful, exactly, but it is not unpleasant.

"Do you want to see me actually swim?" I ask.

Andersen nods, so I hop up and try to remember what Will taught me: kicking from the hip, pulling the water, head not too high. "That's all it is," Andersen says. "The rest is just technique. But having a feel for it and doing what feels natural—that's swimming."

I envy Anderson, for whom the ocean has served as a vast well of courage. Those of us who stopped trusting ourselves early on tend to approach new things with paralyzing trepidation. But to encounter that "sissy" as an adult—to watch her cry in the shallow end of the pool—may be a necessary step, it seems to me now, to building a kind of mental fortitude, a willingness to try what's daunting. Because each time you're able to remain afloat, even for a little bit, you add a droplet to that well, a reserve to tap the next time you lose nerve.

After I leave Andersen, my boyfriend meets me in Biarritz and we drive down the coast, stopping at the beautiful beaches along the way. At each one, I clutch his arm as I wade into the ocean. When I get comfortable enough, I swim to him where the water is almost my height, asking him to stand farther and farther away from me so that I can test myself. Other times I like to just lie down underwater—a rewriting of an old scene—and look around. I still have to hum to pace my breathing, but instead of the long om, my underwater anthem has become Loudon Wainwright III's "The Swimming Song," which a friend sent me during my studies at the Y. It goes like this:

This summer I went swimming,

This summer I might have drowned

But I held my breath and I kicked my feet

And I moved my arms around,

I moved my arms around

This summer I swam in the ocean,

And I swam in a swimming pool,

Salt my wounds, chlorine my eyes

I'm a self-destructive fool, a self-destructive fool.

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Overcoming Aquaphobia: Tips and Strategies for Conquering Your Fear of Water

Aquaphobia, or the fear of water, is a common phobia that can severely limit an individual’s ability to enjoy aquatic activities and even impact their daily life. Whether it stems from a traumatic experience, lack of exposure to water, or an innate fear, overcoming aquaphobia is crucial to ensuring safety and comfort in and around water. In this article, we will discuss tips and strategies to help you conquer your fear of water and embrace the countless benefits of aquatic activities with confidence.

Acknowledge and Understand Your Fear

The first step in overcoming aquaphobia is acknowledging your fear and understanding its root causes. Reflect on your past experiences with water and identify any specific triggers or situations that may exacerbate your anxiety. By gaining insight into the origins of your fear, you can begin to develop a targeted plan for addressing and overcoming your aquaphobia.

Gradual Exposure

One of the most effective strategies for conquering aquaphobia is through gradual exposure to water. Start by simply being near water, such as visiting a local pool or beach, without the expectation of entering the water. As you become more comfortable in these settings, gradually increase your level of interaction with water, such as dipping your toes in, wading into shallow areas, or splashing water on your face. This slow and controlled approach can help desensitize you to your fears and build confidence in your ability to cope with water-related anxiety.

Breathing and Relaxation Techniques

Breathing and relaxation techniques can be powerful tools in managing the anxiety and stress associated with aquaphobia. Practice deep, slow breaths and focus on releasing tension from your muscles while near or in the water. You may also find visualization exercises helpful, such as imagining yourself confidently and calmly enjoying aquatic activities.

Seek Professional Help

If your fear of water is particularly intense or debilitating, it may be beneficial to seek professional help from a therapist or counselor who specializes in treating phobias. A mental health professional can provide guidance, support, and tailored treatment plans to help you overcome your aquaphobia, often incorporating techniques such as cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) or exposure therapy.

Enroll in Swimming Lessons or Aquatic Therapy

Swimming lessons or aquatic therapy can provide a structured and supportive environment for facing and overcoming your fear of water. Qualified instructors or therapists can guide you through the process, teach you essential water safety skills, and offer encouragement and reassurance. As you gain proficiency in swimming and water safety, your confidence will grow, and your fear of water may gradually diminish.

Involve a Trusted Support System

Overcoming aquaphobia can be challenging, but having a trusted support system can make the process more manageable. Share your fears and goals with close friends or family members who can provide encouragement, understanding, and assistance during your journey to conquer aquaphobia.

Overcoming aquaphobia may seem like a daunting task, but with perseverance, patience, and the right strategies, it is possible to conquer your fear of water. By acknowledging your fear, gradually exposing yourself to water, practicing breathing and relaxation techniques, seeking professional help, enrolling in swimming lessons, and involving a trusted support system, you can take the necessary steps to embrace aquatic activities with confidence and enjoyment. Remember that progress may be slow, but with determination and persistence, you can overcome aquaphobia and open up a world of exciting and enriching aquatic experiences.

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Aquaphobia – The Fear of Drowning

While bodies of water are sometimes seen as calming, a place where one can relax, there can also be a logical reason to be fearful or scared. The water can very quickly can become an uncontrollable element, something that a minute before was rocking you gently now is attempting to drag you to the bottom. Whether you know how to swim or not, drowning can occur to anyone and is something we should be cautious over, but for some this fear can be immense.

A type of phobia, Aquaphobia is defined as the fear of drowning.  Although it is recognized as a disorder, it is not specified in the DSM-5 rather it is classified as a Specific Phobia. These phobias fall into one of 5 categories (i.e., animal type, natural environment type, blood-injection-injury type, situational type, other type) with Aquaphobia falling under the natural environment type. To be diagnosed with Aquaphobia, an analysis by a licensed clinician must be done to evaluate the history of experienced symptoms and the effect these experiences have had on one’s daily life.

What are the symptoms of Aquaphobia?

For individuals with Aquaphobia, being around water or even anticipating being around water can create immense anxiety because of being afraid to drown. While everyone can present a number of symptoms and a unique combination of these symptoms, they typically fall under three categories: psychological, physiological, and behavioral.

Psychological Symptoms

Because Aquaphobia falls under an anxiety disorder, common symptoms include those found in other anxiety disorders such as excessive fear due to exposure to the stimuli or even anticipating exposure. As a result, panic attacks can be quite common and are accompanied with a number of other symptoms we will discuss shortly. Not only are these symptoms, but psychological symptoms also include cognitions such as irrational thoughts regarding water and drowning. This symptom is critical for diagnosis because it is the core of any phobia, an irrational and debilitating fear of something that commonly shouldn’t be feared. While we did discuss being cautious around water, we do not need to believe we are going to drown every instance we are near water.

Physiological Symptoms

Additional symptoms include the physical reactions following exposure or anticipation of exposure to the negative stimuli. In the previous section we discussed panic attacks and if you are aware physical reactions are a tale tell sign of a panic attack. Thus, physical symptoms individuals with Aquaphobia can experience include sweating, a racing heart, dizziness, and difficulty breathing.

Behavioral Symptoms

Lastly, behavioral symptoms will most likely also be present and can look like avoidant behaviors. For any person scared of something, logical or illogical, we tend to avoid it at any cost to keep from experiencing the fear or being harmed. Now avoidant behaviors of individuals with Aquaphobia may look like the assumed avoidant behaviors (e.g., not going to pools) but can also look like avoiding small quantities of water (e.g., a bath or full sink). Asides from these avoidant behaviors, isolation can also be behavioral symptom

What are the causes of Aquaphobia?

So, we have defined Aquaphobia and have discussed its symptoms but how does one develop Aquaphobia? The answer is not so simple because like many disorders and diagnoses the reason something occurs can have multiple factors that increase the likelihood. Psychologists and licensed practitioners have identified three main factors or causes that lead to the development of phobias like Aquaophobia: Psychology, genetics, and one’s environment.

Psychological

One factor to consider as a possible cause for the development of Aquaphobia are psychological reasons. Not to be confused with previously diagnosed psychopathologies, psychological factors here typically refer to traumatic experiences. It could be very plausible for an individual to have experienced almost drowning or even witness a drowning and end up fearing this situation to occur again thus developing a phobia. While these are two examples of possible situations, there is no direct experience that can lead to the development of Aquaphobia.

Family history is also another factor that needs important consideration as to why someone might have a phobia such as Aquaphobia. Like many diseases, diagnoses, or health problems genetics can provide tangible evidence for the development and/or presence of phobias. Specifically with phobias like Aquaphobia, family history of anxiety can provide this tangible evidence as genes related to anxiety can be passed down from parents to children. Of course, the presence of such genes doesn’t guarantee the development of Aquaphobia, but they do increase the likelihood of the individual developing anxiety or other anxiety disorders.

One’s Environment

Another consideration or possible cause for the development of Aquaphobia is one’s environment, the places and people they are surrounded by every day. One’s environment can have a large effect or influence on the development of an individual, certainly on a child or adolescent’s beliefs and perception of the world. Thus, the exposure to other individuals who demonstrate anxious tendencies such as extreme caution of the water can influence a young child to also take on these beliefs. Additionally, there are a few cities across the world that are by water and repeated exposure to news stories about drownings or similar incidents can also impact an individual to develop a fear of drowning.

How to cope and overcome Aquaphobia?

Life with a phobia can be challenging and incredibly difficult, as not only is the fear debilitating but its impact on one’s well-being and quality of life can be crushing. Fortunately, there are a handful of treatments individuals can take part in and incorporate into their lives to cope and overcome a phobia like Aquaphobia.

Cognitive – Behavioral Therapy

One of the most common forms of treatment for phobias like Aquaphobia is Cognitive – Behavioral Therapy or CBT. While there are some techniques individuals can incorporate into their lives without a clinician, CBT is a therapeutic treatment that is done with a licensed clinician with the purpose for an individual to overcome a phobia.

This form of therapy works to identify negative thought patterns individuals have about the negative stimuli, such as drowning, unroot the reason for this association, and finally work to change the negative association to a neutral one. For the first step, identifying the negative thought patterns, several methods can be used like journaling or self-monitoring depending on what works best for an individual. Following this, finding the reason behind these negative associations is also done so that a discussion can be had about why these thoughts are illogical. For example, not every instance with water is going to end in the individual drowning. Once this is done, work can begin to change the negative associations to more neutral ones enabling individuals to not react intensely when exposed to the stimuli. Techniques used to change behaviors at this stage include role-playing, goal setting, and even problem solving

Another form of treatment includes medications, typically anti-anxiety and/or antidepressants for Aquaphobia. Because Aquaphobia is not only a phobia but an anxiety disorder, anti-anxiety medications are usually prescribed by a psychiatrist to manage and lessen the symptoms such as panic attacks or extreme anxiety. Other medications such as antidepressants can also be prescribed to an individual. This is also common due to Aquaphobia’s co-occurrence with depression. Many times, individuals also suffer with depression because of the impact the phobia can have on their lives such as tendencies to isolate oneself or avoid certain situations creating feelings of self-loathing or self-hate.

Related posts:

• Phobias and Fear (50 Common Phobias List)
• Bathophobia - The Fear of the Deep
• Fear of Sharks - Galeophobia
• Fear of Getting Rid of Things - Disposophobia
• Fear of Crowds - Enochlophobia

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Home — Essay Samples — Life — Fear — My Biggest Fear and How I Overcame It

My Biggest Fear and How I Overcame It

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Published: Mar 17, 2023

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Class XII English – Deep Water – Flamingo

This post ‘ Deep Water’ has a brief life history of the author, introduction, theme, word meanings, summary, main points, questions, and answers with all NCERT solutions to facilitate the understanding of the lesson/Poem. Academicseasy is presenting a fully revised and updated study material of the lesson/poem in accordance with the new latest syllabus introduced by CBSE and NCERT for the session 2020-21. We have made a judicious selection of the material for an intensive comprehension of the text. We hope it will meet your requirements. Your comments and suggestions are most welcome to enable us to develop this post in a better way.

Deep Water Author 

Image Reference: en.wikipedia.org

William Orville Douglas was an American jurist and politician. He was born on October 16, 1898, in Maine, Minnesota. After doing graduation, he taught for two years in a school in Yakima. But soon he got tired of this job and pursued a legal career. Douglas was appointed to the United States Supreme Court at the age of 40 and served for more than 36 years, longer than any other justice in the Court’s history. Both on and off the Court, Douglas was outspoken in his support for individual rights and for preserving the natural environment. He died on January 19, 1980, in Washington, D.C.

Deep Water Introduction

In this story, Douglas talks about his fear of water and how he finally overcomes it with strong will power, courage, hard work, and firm determination. Once he took courage, the fear vanished. That shows most of our fears are baseless. Fear creates dangers where there is none. The writer’s experiences further confirm the proverbial truth, “Where there is a will, there is a way.”

Deep Water Theme

This story is a perfect blend of not only determination, perseverance but also of strong will, courage, and honest labour. It explains that nothing is impossible in this world in case we adopt a positive attitude towards life. Failures and impossibilities are the fool’s paradise. I Douglas had not made a strong determination of learning how to swim, he would have remained a complete failure. This is all about hope, struggle, and determination. As it is rightly said, “Faith can move the mountains.’

Deep Water Characters & Places

Douglas: Narrator of the story

Instructor: trainer of Douglas

YMCA Pool: A swimming pool run by Young Men’s Christian Association

Yakima: Yakima is a US city located about 60 miles southeast of Mount Rainier in Washington.

Deep Water Word Meanings

Treacherous = deceptive

Skinny = very lean and thin

Subdued = overcame, controlled

Surf = foamy waves

Misadventure = accident

Bruiser = bully

Ducked = dived

Ting = colour

Throbbed = palpitated

Stark = complete

Pounding = throbbing

Limp = lifeless

Wobbly = unstable

Canoes = small boats

Vestiges = signs

Dock = a part of the port

Meadow = grassland

Trails = tracks, paths

Deep Water Summary

The story tells us how the writer overcame his fear of water and learned swimming with sheer determination and will power. He had developed a terror of water since childhood. When he was three or four years old, the writer had gone to California with his father. One day on the beach, the waves knocked the child down and swept over him. The child was terrified but the father who knew, there was no harm, laughed. The experience bred a permanent fear of water in the child’s subconscious mind. Still another incident, more serious, increased his terror. The writer was trying to learn swimming in the Y.M.C.A. swimming pool in Yakima. One day while he was waiting for other boys, a big boy suddenly played a dangerous prank and pushed him into the water. The writer was terribly frightened. He went down nine feet into the water. When he reached the bottom, he jumped upward with all his strength. He came up but very slowly. He tried to catch hold of something like a rope but grasped only at the water.

He tried to shout but no sound came out. He went down again. His lungs ached, head throbbed and he grew dizzy. He felt paralyzed with fear. All his limbs were paralyzed. Only the movement of his heart told him that he was alive. Again he tried to jump up. But this time his limbs would not move at all. He looked for ropes, ladders, and water wings but all in vain. Then he went down again, the third time. This time all efforts and fear ceased. He was moving towards a peaceful death. The writer was in peace. When he came to consciousness, he found himself lying on the side of the pool with the other boys nearby. The terror that he had experienced in the pool never left him. It haunted him for years and years to come. It spoilt many of his expeditions of canoeing, swimming, and fishing. It spoilt his pleasures in Maine Lakes, New Hampshire, Deschutes, Columbia, and Bumping Lake, etc.

But the writer was determined to conquer his terror. He took the help of a swimming instructor to learn swimming. The instructor taught him various actions necessary in the swimming part by part. He put his face underwater and exhaled and inhaled raising it above water. He practiced it for several weeks. He had to kick with his legs a few weeks on the side of the pool. At last, he combined all these actions and made the writer swim. He learned swimming but the terror continued. So deep goes our childhood experiences! So fearful is the fear of fear! Whenever he was in water the terror returned. Henceforward the writer tried to terrorize terror itself. He tried to face the new challenge. When terror came, he confronted it by asking it sarcastically as to what it can really do to him? He plunged into the water as if to defy the fear. Once he took courage the terror vanquished. He faced the challenge deliberately in various places like the Warm Lake. He conquered it at last.

Deep Water Summary in Hindi

कहानी हमें बताती है कि कैसे लेखक ने पानी के अपने डर पर काबू पाया और सरासर दृढ़ संकल्प और इच्छा शक्ति के साथ तैराकी सीखी। उन्होंने बचपन से ही पानी का एक आतंक विकसित कर लिया था। जब वह तीन या चार साल का था, तब लेखक अपने पिता के साथ कैलिफोर्निया गया था। एक दिन समुद्र तट पर, लहरों ने बच्चे को नीचे गिरा दिया और उस पर बह गई। बच्चा घबरा गया लेकिन जो पिता जानता था, कोई नुकसान नहीं हुआ, हँसा। अनुभव ने बच्चे के अवचेतन मन में पानी के स्थायी भय को जन्म दिया। अभी भी एक और घटना, अधिक गंभीर, ने उसके आतंक को बढ़ा दिया। लेखक Y.M.C.A में तैराकी सीखने की कोशिश कर रहा था। याकिमा में स्विमिंग पूल। एक दिन जब वह दूसरे लड़कों की प्रतीक्षा कर रहा था, एक बड़े लड़के ने अचानक एक खतरनाक शरारत निभाई और उसे पानी में धकेल दिया। लेखक बुरी तरह भयभीत था। वह नौ फीट नीचे पानी में चला गया। जब वह नीचे पहुंचा, तो वह अपनी सारी ताकत के साथ ऊपर की ओर कूद गया। वह ऊपर आया लेकिन बहुत धीरे-धीरे। उसने रस्सी जैसी किसी चीज को पकड़ने की कोशिश की, लेकिन पानी में ही उसे पकड़ लिया।

उसने चिल्लाने की कोशिश की लेकिन कोई आवाज नहीं आई। वह फिर नीचे गया। उनके फेफड़ों में दर्द हुआ, सिर धड़क गया और उन्हें चक्कर आ गया। वह डर से लकवाग्रस्त हो गया। उसके सभी अंग लकवाग्रस्त हो गए थे। केवल उसके दिल के आंदोलन ने उसे बताया कि वह जीवित था। फिर से उसने छलांग लगाने की कोशिश की। लेकिन इस बार उसके अंग बिल्कुल नहीं हिलेंगे। उन्होंने रस्सियों, सीढ़ी और पानी के पंखों की तलाश की, लेकिन सभी व्यर्थ। फिर वह तीसरी बार नीचे गया। इस बार सारे प्रयास और भय समाप्त हो गए। वह एक शांतिपूर्ण मौत की ओर बढ़ रहा था। लेखक शांति से था। जब वह होश में आया, तो उसने खुद को पास के दूसरे लड़कों के साथ पूल के किनारे पड़ा पाया। पूल में जो आतंक का अनुभव किया था, उसे कभी नहीं छोड़ा। यह उसे और आने वाले वर्षों के लिए प्रेतवाधित था। इसने कैनोइंग, तैराकी और मछली पकड़ने के अपने अभियानों में से कई को बिगाड़ दिया। इसने मेन लेक, न्यू हैम्पशायर, डिस्च्यूट्स, कोलंबिया और बम्पिंग लेक आदि में अपने सुखों को बिगाड़ लिया।

लेकिन लेखक अपने आतंक को जीतने के लिए दृढ़ था। उन्होंने तैराकी सीखने के लिए तैराकी प्रशिक्षक की मदद ली। प्रशिक्षक ने उन्हें तैराकी भाग में आवश्यक विभिन्न क्रियाएं सिखाईं। उसने अपना चेहरा पानी के नीचे रखा और साँस छोड़ते हुए उसे पानी के ऊपर उठाते हुए साँस ली। उन्होंने कई हफ्तों तक इसका अभ्यास किया। उसे पूल के किनारे कुछ हफ्तों के लिए अपने पैरों के साथ किक करनी पड़ी। अंत में, उसने इन सभी कार्यों को जोड़ दिया और लेखक को तैरने दिया। उन्होंने तैराकी सीखी लेकिन आतंक जारी रहा। इतना गहरा हमारे बचपन के अनुभवों को जाता है! इसलिए भयभीत होने का भय है! जब भी वह पानी में था तो आतंक लौट आया। इसके बाद लेखक ने खुद को आतंकित करने की कोशिश की। उसने नई चुनौती का सामना करने की कोशिश की। जब आतंक आया, तो उसने इसे व्यंग्यात्मक रूप से पूछकर सामना किया कि यह वास्तव में उसके साथ क्या कर सकता है? वह डर के मारे मानो पानी में डूब गया। एक बार जब उसने साहस किया तो आतंकियों को मार गिराया। उन्हें वार्म लेक जैसी विभिन्न जगहों पर जानबूझकर चुनौती का सामना करना पड़ा। उन्होंने इसे अंतिम रूप से जीत लिया।

Translated by Google

Deep Water Main points

1. Douglas had a desire to learn swimming since childhood.

2. At the age of three or four, he was knocked down and buried by a wave at a beach in California.

3. He developed a great aversion to water.

4. At the age of ten or eleven, he decided to learn to swim with water wings at the Y.M.C.A. pool since it was safe at the shallow end.

5. While sitting alone and waiting for others to come to the Y.M.C.A. pool, a big boy came and threw Douglas into the deep end of the pool.

6. Douglas swallowed water and went straight down to the bottom of the pool.

7. While going down he planned to make a big jump upwards but came up slowly.

8. Stark terror seized him.

9. He tried to shout but could not.

10. As he went down the pool the second time he tried to jump upwards but it was a waste of energy.

11. Terror held him deeper and deeper.

12. During the third trial he sucked in water instead of air. So he ceased all efforts and he became unconscious.

13. When revived he found himself vomiting beside the pool.

14. He was in the grip of fear of water and it deprived him of the joys of canoeing, boating swimming, and fishing.

15. He took the help of a swimming instructor to learn swimming.

16. The instructor taught him swimming piece by piece.

17. He went to different lakes to swim and found tiny vestiges of fear still gripped him.

18. Swimming up and down the warm lake he finally overcame his fear of water.

19. He realized that in death there is peace and there is terror only in fear of death.

20. Will to live is stronger than the fear of death.

Deep Water Questions and Answers (2 Marks)

Q1. What had happened when Douglas was three or four years old?

Ans. When Douglas was three or four years old he was on the California beach with his father. There the sea waves knocked him down and swept over him. He felt breathless buried in the water and was frightened, but his father laughed at him.

Q2. What was the misadventure of Douglas?   Ans. One day, an eighteen-year-old big bruiser picked him up and tossed him into the nine feet deep end of the swimming pool. He hit the water surface in a sitting position. He swallowed water and went at once to the bottom. He nearly died in this misadventure but was somehow miraculously saved from the mouth of death.

Q3. What were the series of emotions and fears that Douglas experienced when he was thrown into the pool? What plans did he make to come to the surface?   Ans. The narrator was frightened but was still able to think. He decided that as his feet hit the bottom of the pool, he would make a big jump and come to the surface. However, when he could not manage to come to the surface, he was gripped with panic and this paralyzed his limbs.

Q4. How did Douglas finally overcome his fear of water?   Ans. Douglas overcame his fear of water by challenging the fear itself and going for several rounds of swimming in the pool, but finally the residual fear he overcame when he went up to Tieton to Conrad meadows and swam across the other shore and back of the warm lake as Doug Corpron used to do.

Q5. What thought of Roosevelt deeply impacted Douglas? How did he apply the thought to his life?   Ans. The thought of Roosevelt that there is terror in the fear of death, had a deep impact on Douglas. He had experienced both the sensation of dying and the terror of the fear of death. But later he brushed aside his fear by challenging it by the strong will power and firm determination. He applied it and finally succeeded to overcome the fear.

Q6. How did this experience affect him?   Ans. This experience left him fearful of water for a long time. He did not want to go near the pool. He could not enjoy any water-related sport and it robbed him of the joy of canoeing, boating, and swimming.

Q7.  Why was Douglas determined to get over his fear of water?   Ans. Douglas was determined to get rid of this fear as he could not enjoy any of the sports that he had enjoyed earlier. His fear of water not only kept him away from the pool, but also from activities like canoeing, boating, and fishing.

Q8. How was the instructor successful in making Douglas a perfect swimmer?   Ans. The instructor made Douglas a perfect swimmer by removing his fear of being drowned and teaching him swimming piece by piece in a period of three months. During the training he let Douglas swim back and forth of the pool tying him with a pulley. He taught him to put his face under the water to exhale and rise above it to inhale.

Q9. How did Douglas make sure that he conquered the old terror?   Ans. Douglas swam extensively in all the lakes that he knew, making a concerted effort to rid himself of his fear of water. He would swim long lengths, put his head underwater, till all the residual fear was gone. It was at Warm Lake that he was at last able to get rid of the fear of water that had haunted him for so long.

Deep Water Questions and Answers (6 Marks)

Q1. Give an account of the fears and emotions of Douglas as he made efforts to save himself from being drowned in the YMCA swimming pool.   Ans. When the author was flung into the deep end of the pool, he was overcome with fear. He was able to think rationally and planned that he would jump up as soon as he hit the bottom of the pool. He hoped that in this way he would be able to rise to the surface of the water. When this action did not produce the desired result, he tried it again but in vain. Panic seized him when he realized that he was engulfed in water that was suffocating him and abject fear immobilized him making his limbs unresponsive and heavy. His flailing arms failed to find anything to hold on to and he found himself being pulled down to the bottom. His lungs ached and his silent screams went unheard. The mass of yellow water that held him captive in its grip produced stark terror over which he had no control. When three attempts to rise to the surface failed, he fainted. He had experienced the terror that fear of death can produce.

Q2. How did Douglas overcome his fear of water?   Ans. The fear of water haunted Douglas for many years until he decided to hire the services of an instructor and started practising five days a week. The instructor devised a method by which Douglas could learn swimming without fear. Douglas was to wear a belt around his waist and attached to this was a rope that went through a pulley that ran on an overhead cable. After three months, he had begun to relax. The instructor also put him through the exercise of moving his legs in water by the side of the pool and though at first, Douglas felt paralyzed and quite unable to move, with sustained effort, he soon overcame it. The instructor then felt that his job was done and that he had made a swimmer out of Douglas. He swam in different lakes and rivers and it was after he had swum in Warm Lake that he knew that he had at last conquered the fear of water.

Q3. Why does Douglas as an adult recount a childhood experience of terror and his conquering of it? What larger meaning does he draw from this experience?   Ans. Douglas, as an adult, recounts this experience as to him it was larger than just overcoming fear of water. The childhood experience of almost drowning in the pool had been a brush with death and this had produced in him a greater desire to live. The terror that he had experienced was so real to him that only he could understand the full implication of it. It had aroused in him the passion to destroy the fear that had the ability to incapacitate him to the extent that it numbed his senses and paralyzed his limbs. This fear continued to haunt him for years and strengthened his resolve to destroy it for he knew that the only way he could ever live with himself was when he had attained freedom from it. It was a personal battle that he had to win. The rigorous routine that he put himself through to overcome his fear bears testimony to his willpower, courage, and determination.

Q4. People say that failures are the stepping stones. They are the best teachers. Discuss in about 125 words.   Ans. It is rightly said that failure plays an important role in a man’s life. Failure in one field becomes the cause of exploring success in other fields. Failures make us familiar with our weaknesses and flaws. They become the stepping stones and inspire us to fight against odd circumstances. A man should learn from his mistakes and strive hard to reach his destination. Most of the successful peoples failed at any step but could get their target because failures guided them and encouraged them to try harder. One should never give up one’s target. It is certain that failure inspires us to work with more strength and vigour. One should never get depressed and dejected. All leaders, fighters, businessmen, bureaucrats firmly say that failures are the pillars to success.

Q5. Strong will power and firm determination ensure success in your life. Douglas wanted to learn swimming but he was afraid of water. He did not give up and finally mastered swimming. He proved that where there is a will, there is a way. Write your views in about 125 words.   Ans. Strong will power plays a vital role in our life. Firm determination and consistent hard work are the hallmarks of success. A person who has a passionate desire to do something achieves his goals within the stipulated time. The willpower of a human being gives him strength, energy, vigour, and enthusiasm. It determines the fate of a human being. Absolute determination has the ability to face and overcome obstacles. No hindrance can defeat the will power. It is invincible and insurmountable. There is no problem in this world which has no solution. It has been proved by great personalities that all obstacles can be overcome by sheer determination. Man has the knack to achieve anything. Nothing is impossible in this world. He must not be a fatalist. He should not believe in destiny but on karma. Man can accomplish every assignment if he desires. Strong desire is the prerequisite to success. There is no scope for disappointment in the life of a person who has an iron will and dogged determination.

—————XXXX—————-

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19 thoughts on “Class XII English – Deep Water – Flamingo”

It is really very useful …..

helpfulll…!!!

Way more helpful than the textbook!!

Splendidly explained. The essay is well covered through logicall questions and judicious answers.

Beautifully and simply explained. Needn’t read further after your detailed explanation.great!!!!!

need not to read the chapters n it saved a lot of time…!

it’s too good and useful to determined which increases hopes and will power in our soil ..and it teaches us a perfect track of our life to move a bit then bit then best. 😄

what lesson did dougless learnt after he got rid of his fear of water?

quite simple n superbly explained…

It helps ty.

Good!!!! Time saving…..

It really worked

Very usefull and time saving

Not explained properly

Remarkably helpful…thnx <3

inspired ..

It helped a lot really.Thanks so much😀

Helpful to me

who saved him from the water ? who made him out of the swimming pool ?

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Fear Essay | Essay on Fear for Students and Children in English

February 13, 2024 by Prasanna

Fear Essay:  Fear is a natural, powerful, and primitive emotion experienced by humans, usually triggered by an unpleasant perception of danger that is either real or imaginary—fear causes psychological and, ultimately, behavioral changes in people.

Human beings experience fear as a response to a specific stimulus that occurs either in the present or in expectation or anticipation of a future threat that might be a risk to themselves. Response to any kind of fear varies from person to person.

You can also find more  Essay Writing  articles on events, persons, sports, technology and many more.

Long and Short Essays on Fear for Students and Kids in English

We are providing students with samples of a long essay of 500 words on the topic Fear and a short essay of 150 words on the topic Fear for reference.

Long Essay on Fear 500 Words in English

Long Essay on Fear is usually given to classes 7, 8, 9, and 10.

Fear, the quintessential human emotion, is an utterly unavoidable human emotion. The extent and range of fear from different things vary from person to person, but the emotion is the same. Fear is capable of causing psychological changes and, ultimately, behavioral changes in a person.

Humans experience fear as a response to a specific stimulus to a situation occurring in the present or an anticipated future threat that is a risk to oneself. The response to fear arises from the recognition of danger, leading to the confrontation of the situation or escaping the fear or avoiding the situation – also known as fight or flight response.

We all humans are programmed in a manner to recognize fear to avoid or reduce being harmed. Learning from the past about what can protect one in dangerous situations makes people capable of doing many things that one wouldn’t typically be able to or willing to respond to the threat.

Fear is broadly classified into two types, innate fears, and identity fears. Innate fears are the fears that every individual has on some level, and humans are born with these fears, which also serve as a kind of survival instinct. Humans develop identity fears as they evolve.

Apart from this, many people also fear love and connection. These fears are a subset of identity fears. As humans grow in their lives, they tend to grow connections with people, and these bonds become of great value to the person. Losing these bonds is one of the biggest fears of many.

Sometimes fear originates from real threats, but it can also originate from imagined danger – which makes fear experienced by people either rational or irrational. Rational fear is the fear of something that is real – occurring from something entirely possible or will occur. Fear of mortality is an example of a rational fear as we humans are immortal. However, irrational fears are necessarily implausible, but the fear arises from a real place in the psyche.

In some people, fear is also a response to mental health conditions such as anxiety disorders, panic attacks, phobias, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Phobia is an irrational or extreme or aversion of something. An aspect of anxiety disorder can be the tendency to develop a fear of fear.

Many people confuse fear of phobias. Fears are typical responses to objects or events. Still, fear becomes a phobia when the fear interferes with functioning correctly and maintains a consistent quality of life. Fear in humans involves a biochemical response to the situation as well as a high individual emotional response.

Fear is an emotion experienced in the mind, but it triggers some strong physical reaction in one’s body. As soon as one’s body recognizes fear, the brain starts working, alerting the nervous system, which sets the body’s response to fear into motion. The human brain releases stress hormones like cortisol and adrenaline, increasing blood pressure, and adrenaline. One starts breathing faster, and blood flow in the body changes – blood flows away from the heart into the limbs.

Short Essay on Fear 150 Words in English

Short Essay on Fear is usually given to classes 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6.

Fear is one of the seven universal emotions experience by humans all over the world. Any fear arises with the threat of harm, physical, emotional, or psychological – from a real or imaginary situation.

Usually perceived as a negative emotion, fear can also be positive and healthy. Fear serves as a survival instinct helping humans in recognizing situations that can be harmful or dangerous.

Fear makes one foggy and makes it impossible to think clearly or make the correct decision. However, some people enjoy fear and gain pleasure due to the adrenaline rush experienced in some situations.

Fear will hold one back from achieving victories and significant accomplishments. Everything that one does in life will strike a little bit of fear in their hearts; however, overcoming the fear and giving one’s best is the most satisfying feeling. Don’t let your fears stop you from fulfilling your dreams.

10 Lines on Fear Essay in English

1. Researches have shown that humans can smell others’ fear and react to each other’s scents. 2. One can inherit fear from their parents or grandparents just like any other genetic trait. 3. We humans aren’t born with most of the fears; fear is often learned from knowledge and experience. 4. Fear is the opposite of love as the brain releases chemical oxytocin when in love, which helps overcome learned fears. 5. Sleep offers a unique state in which selected fears can be eliminated. 6. One big scary event in one’s life is not what causes fear; instead, it is a mixture of environment and genetics. 7. Fear can become extinct by associating non-fearful memories with the event. 8. Stress hormones released by humans helps in enhancing the extinction of fear. 9. Some people associate fears with pleasure – the thrill of the experience doesn’t end with the process’s end. 10. Fear can make one foggy making it difficult to make the right decision or think clearly.

FAQ’s on Fear Essay

Question 1.  Why do we experience fear?

Answer: Fear is an unavoidable feeling that is experienced by all. Fear is programmed into humans’ nervous system, and it works like a response to the perception of danger.

Question 2. Is it necessary to experience fear?

Answer: Fear helps in protecting us. Humans are equipped with survival and instinct, which is a response to the sense of danger or an unsafe feeling.

Question 3.  How can fear be avoided?

Answer: Talking about your fear, imagining the worst that could happen, distracting oneself with happy thoughts, and clearing out the mind by taking time in understanding what is causing the fear and anxiety.

Question 4. What are a few most common fears of humans?

Answer: Fear of height, fear of the dark, fear of closed spaces, fear of insects, fear of blood, fear of the violent weather, fear of dying are a few most common types of fear experienced by people.

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Importance of Water Essay for Students and Children

500+ words essay on importance of water.

Water is the basic necessity for the functioning of all life forms that exist on earth . It is safe to say that water is the reason behind earth being the only planet to support life. This universal solvent is one of the major resources we have on this planet . It is impossible for life to function without water. After all, it makes for almost 70% of the earth.

However, despite its vast abundance, water is very much limited. It is a non-renewable resource . In addition, we need to realize the fact that although there is an abundance of water, not all of it is safe to consume. We derive some very essential uses from the water on a daily basis.

Significance of water

If we talk about our personal lives, water is the foundation of our existence. The human body needs water for the day to day survival. We may be able to survive without any food for a whole week but without water, we won’t even survive for 3 days. Moreover, our body itself comprises of 70% water. This, in turn, helps our body to function normally.

Thus, the lack of sufficient water or consumption of contaminated water can cause serious health problems for humans. Therefore, the amount and quality of water which we consume is essential for our physical health plus fitness.

Further, our daily activities are incomplete without water. Whether we talk about getting up in the morning to brush or cooking our food, it is equally important. This domestic use of water makes us very dependent on this transparent chemical.

In addition, on a large scale, the industries consume a lot of water. They need water for almost every step of their process. It essential for the production of the goods we use every day.

If we look beyond human uses, we will realize how water plays a major role in every living beings life. It is the home of aquatic animals. From a tiny insect to a whale, every organism needs water to survive.

Therefore, we see how not only human beings but plants and animals too require water. The earth depends on water to function. We cannot be selfish and use it up for our uses without caring about the environment.

Get the huge list of more than 500 Essay Topics and Ideas

A world without water

Water is not only required for our survival but for a healthy and happy life as well. Everyone has seen the scenario of water-deprived countries like Africa, where citizens are leading a miserable life. It is time for everyone to wake up and realize the urgency of conserving water.

In other words, a world without water would make the human race impossible to last. The same can be said for all the animals and plants. In fact, the whole earth will suffer without water.

Firstly, the greenery will soon diminish. When earth won’t get water, all the vegetation will die and turn into barren land. The occurrence of different seasons will soon cease. The earth will be caught in one big endless summer.

Furthermore, the home of aquatic animals will be taken from them. That means no fishes and whales for us to see. Most importantly, all forms of living organisms will go extinct if we do not conserve water right away.

In conclusion, unnecessary usage of water must be stopped at once. Every single person must work to conserve water and restore the balance. If not, we all know what the consequences are going to be.

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As Iran Braces for War, Its Citizens Are Kept in the Dark

Iranians say they have not been told how to prepare should broad hostilities break out between their country and Israel.

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By Farnaz Fassihi and Leily Nikounazar

All government agencies and offices were closed Wednesday in Tehran, and in 13 provinces, including some along the western and eastern borders, hours for government offices were limited to 6 a.m. to 10 a.m.

Iran also issued a notice to civilian aviation, warning that “gunfire will take place” for several hours on Wednesday night and into Thursday over parts of the country.

As Iran prepares to follow through on its vow to “severely punish” Israel over the assassination of the Hamas leader Ismail Haniyeh in Tehran last week, it is raising war jitters among the public. Yet there were few, if any, signs on the streets of Tehran and other cities that a conflict may be looming.

The government said that the shutdown on Wednesday occurred merely because of extreme heat (the temperature in Tehran was expected to reach 108 on Wednesday) and that the closings of airspace were for military exercises.

But the explanations belie the statements from officials that, as the acting foreign minister, Ali Bagheri, told state media on Tuesday, “Iran’s response will be definitive and severe.”

While the time and scope of Iran’s response remain unclear — whether it will act alone or in coordination with regional militias like Hezbollah in Lebanon and the Houthis in Yemen — the disconnect between the escalating rhetoric and the nonchalance about preparing the public is striking.

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Tom Cruise Was ‘Protective’ of Gina Gershon While Filming Her First Sex Scene, Even When She ‘Kneed Him’ in the Face: ‘I Just Broke His Nose’

By Zack Sharf

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Gina Gershon appeared on “Watch What Happens Live” and was asked by host Andy Cohen if she ever hooked up with Tom Cruise . The two actors starred together in 1988’s “Cocktail,” where Gershon remembered nearly breaking Cruise’s nose during the filming of a sex scene. The moment just so happened to be Gershon’s first time shooting a love scene in a movie. The actor said Cruise “totally” took care of her while filming.

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Gershon, meanwhile, was more of a newcomer to Hollywood movies at the time. Her fame increased in the 1990s with acclaimed performances in “Bound,” which Gershon recently revealed she was told not to do as the movie centered on a lesbian relationship. The actor said on the  “It Happened in Hollywood” podcast that her agents told her specifically that she “can’t play a lesbian” because it would tank her Hollywood career.

“It was a great script and I could tell they were incredible directors, but my agents were like, ‘We will not let you do this movie. You are ruining your career. You will never work again,’” Gershon said, adding that her agents said they could no longer represent her if she took the part.

Watch Gershon’s full appearance on “Watch What Happens Live” in the video below.

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The nuclear weapons era is making a comeback, and experts say we're all not paying attention

• Nuclear weapons are poised to once again take center stage, decades after the Cold War ended.
• The US, threatened by a rising China, is being advised to consider an expansion of its nuclear forces.
• Leading experts told BI that few in the public are paying attention the worrying trends.

In 2022, Congress formed the Strategic Posture Commission — a bipartisan team of 12 experts hand-picked to advise the US on what to do with its nuclear weapons.

These are rare. The only other time Congress created such a group was in 2008.

But China was a new concern. Western intelligence says Beijing has since 2020 launched a sudden expansion of its nuclear stockpile, amassing launchers and warheads without explanation.

Alarm bells were ringing in Washington. The Cold War was a stand-off between two nuclear superpowers, and the US now fears China is on a highway to becoming a third.

In its October 2023 final report, the 12-person Commission painted the situation as dire.

"The new global environment is fundamentally different than anything experienced in the past, even in the darkest days of the Cold War," they said.

The commissioners recommended that the US consider its first nuclear expansion since the Cold War, including more warheads, delivery systems, defenses, and launchers.

All of this underlines a deeper anxiety among leading experts that the international arena, fixated for decades on the post-9/11 war on terror, is now tilting relentlessly back to an era of nuclear build-up and brinkmanship.

Business Insider asked 10 nuclear scholars — including four Commissioners — and US-China relations experts on how the US should act.

They agreed that if global trends do not dramatically reverse, the world is poised to live under the shadow of nuclear threat again.

Several prominent arms control scholars have criticized the Commission's report , fearing an arms race that they feel is unnecessary and will escalate the risk of annihilating humanity.

But signs are showing that the US government feels a build-up may have to be considered. In  a speech on Thursday , Vipin Narang, the Defense Department's senior official overseeing nuclear policy, said that "we now find ourselves in nothing short of a new nuclear age."

It's a looming future that some experts feel is being dismissed in the US, especially among younger generations born after the Soviet Union's collapse.

"All of the trend lines are going in the wrong direction. So I think we are moving toward a much more dangerous world than it is today," said James Acton, co-director of the Nuclear Policy Program at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace.

"And it's certainly possible that in the future, it could be as dangerous, if not more dangerous, than the original Cold War," he said.

The Two-Peer Problem

At the crux of the US' concerns is what American leaders call the Two-Peer Problem.

The US is worried it will need to simultaneously counter two of its equals on the nuclear playing field, when it traditionally only had the power to fight one — namely, the Soviet Union.

Beijing is reported to be rapidly increasing its stockpile to an estimated 500 warheads in 2023 , up from 400 in 2022.

At that rate, China will have 1,550 warheads — putting it on par with US and Russian capabilities — by 2035.

That would be the Two-Peer Problem: A three-way tie that experts fear will shatter the past basis for nuclear negotiations.

A simple way to understand this dilemma is to look at the numbers.

The US and Russia previously agreed to limit arsenals to 1,550 deployed warheads each.

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If China were to reach parity, Washington would want an arsenal matching Moscow's and Beijing's combined, or theoretically 3,100 warheads.

Russia and China are more likely to think the appropriate equilibrium is for everyone to deploy 1,550 warheads each. However, given their close ties, the US is unlikely to accept such an agreement.

With no common number to reach, the three powers will be prone to rushing to gain the upper hand, Acton said.

"Once this arms race really kicks off, I think it's going to be very, very, very hard to stop it," he added.

The race against 2035

By its calculations, Washington now has only 11 years to find and establish a solution by 2035. That's a short window for nuclear programs, which are generally rolled out over decades, not years.

"Decisions need to be made now," wrote the Commission.

The recommendations in its report included putting multiple warheads on one intercontinental ballistic missile (known as MIRV), building more B-21 stealth bombers, and basing nuclear weapons in the Indo-Pacific region.

It also advised the US to look into more tactical nukes, which are lower-yield bombs that Russia stockpiles by the thousands. The report made no recommendations on numbers.

Rose Gottemoeller, one of the 12 Commissioners, emphasized to BI that the report only asked the US to begin planning for an expansion, not to pull the trigger on a build-up now.

"We have the opportunity between now and 2035 to try to get Russia back to the negotiating table and to get China to start talking to us about controlling nuclear weapons," said Gottemoeller, NATO's deputy secretary-general from 2016 to 2019 and the former US chief negotiator with Russia on nuclear programs.

Washington and Moscow held nuclear talks for decades during the Cold War and beyond, but China has not engaged in such discussion so far.

That's unacceptable to the US. "They're not obligated to agree to anything specific, but they are obligated to negotiate in good faith, and they have certainly not done that," said Marshall Billingslea, former US special presidential envoy for arms control and one of the 12 Commissioners.

Russia, meanwhile, spent the last two years making nuclear threats over the war in Ukraine.

To scholars supporting a US nuclear expansion, the situation has deteriorated so drastically that the time to simply hope for negotiations has passed. America must act, they told BI.

"I think when the United States is strong, our adversaries think: 'Okay, this is dangerous. We don't want to get into a conflict with the United States,'" Matt Kroenig, a professor at Georgetown University's government studies department. He was also one of the 12 Commissioners.

"When the United States is weak, that's when you see aggression and violence," he added.

The Chinese Foreign Ministry and embassy in Washington did not respond to requests for comment sent by BI.

Not all experts are convinced

Scholars who disagree said the US is looking at the Two-Peer Problem incorrectly.

Nuclear weapons are widely understood as the ultimate defense against existential threats like invasion, and these experts say the US can maintain that even if it has fewer nuclear weapons.

"We should focus on keeping our nuclear arsenal survivable, safe, secure, and reliable," said Acton of the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. "We don't need to compete with them numerically. It won't enhance deterrence to do so."

Francesca Giovannini, executive director of the Project on Managing the Atom at Harvard University's Kennedy School, said that while official US-China nuclear talks are frozen, academics and non-governmental organizations are still trying to keep the dialogue flowing.

However, she told BI that the White House's past moves, such as withdrawing from the  Iran nuclear deal in 2018 and the Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty in 2002 , have sowed doubt in Beijing that the US will keep to its arms control commitments.

"These examples come back often in dialogue," she said. "In China, arms control is increasingly seen as a mechanism devised by the United States to constrain China's rising military power."

That has made talk of arms control an increasingly dangerous line for Chinese experts to defend in the domestic debate, Giovannini added.

"For many, the United States is a non-reliable interlocutor and a political mess, especially Congress," she said.

Lyle Goldstein, director of the China Initiative at Brown University, said that in China, senior strategists already believe Beijing's nuclear build-up is a response to US aggression, not the other way round.

"I said: 'Are you seriously thinking about limited nuclear war?' And they said yes, emphatically yes. They said: 'We are thinking about it because you are thinking about it,'" Goldstein said.

What will it cost taxpayers?

Greg Weaver, a former deputy director for the Joint Chiefs of Staff, said the fundamental argument for a nuclear expansion is that the US must show that it can credibly defend itself and its allies.

"If someone launched a large-scale attack on the United States, there's no question we would annihilate them in response," said Weaver, an advisor to the Commission.

"But that's not our strategy. We extend nuclear deterrence to about 35 countries in Europe and Asia. Credible extended deterrence requires different capabilities than it does to just deter attacks directly on the United States," he added.

Some scholars like Weaver have championed a few additions to US nuclear forces, such as a cruise missile that can deliver a warhead from a submarine.

But those additional programs come at a cost. The US is already estimated to spend $1.5 trillion in the next 30 years on modernizing its aging nuclear forces — which most experts agree must be done.

Goldstein of Brown University fears that money will be siphoned from other pressing domestic interests.

"Schools and hospitals and high-speed rails and all the things that we'd like to have in our country. We don't have them. One reason is because we're spending trillions on nuclear weapons," he said.

David Kearn, who studied missiles for RAND and advised the Defense Secretary's office from 2016 to 2017, believes nuclear spending will distract from conventional weapons development.

In July, a congressional review found that the US was already unprepared to fight a war against either China or Russia.

"They're saying the sea-launched cruise missile would be $12 billion. That could be almost two attack submarines. I'll take the two attack subs, please," said Kearn, now an associate professor of politics at St. John's University.

Analysts like Weaver say the Pentagon only spends a small fraction of its annual defense budget on nuclear weapons, and that the US can reasonably achieve a more powerful nuclear deterrent with prudent spending.

"We can do it if it's the priority," said Rebeccah Heinrichs, one of the 12 Commissioners and director of the Hudson Institute's Keystone Defense Initiative. "But if climate change, for example, competes with the priority to maintain the peace and deter China and Russia, it will prevent us from doing it."

'That's ancient history'

Despite growing signs of an uncontrollable arms race, several experts said they feel public focus on the issue has been strangely absent.

"I think it's generational," Kroenig said. "Even when I was in graduate school in the early 2000s, I had many of my advisors saying: 'Nuclear weapons? That's a Cold War issue. That's ancient history. Study something relevant like terrorism or insurgency.'"

Giovannini said organizations studying nuclear weapons are struggling to recruit young analysts and students. "They are more interested in the artificial intelligence space than nuclear weapons," she said.

As 2035 approaches, experts can see a future with three nuclear superpowers and almost zero negotiation.

"I'm afraid unless we can get talks on track, we will be back to where we were in the 1950s," said Gottemoeller. "When governments simply weren't willing to talk to each other about this."

"And what did it produce?" she said. "A severe crisis. The Cuban Missile Crisis in 1962, when we came to the brink of nuclear annihilation."

Watch: "Neutral" China sends millions in weapons to Russia to fight Ukraine

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