phd comics author order

• Jorge earned his Bachelor's of Science from Georgia Tech.
• In 2009, he was awarded the 2009 NSF/AAAS International Science and Engineering Visualization Challenge First Place in Informational Graphics with his collaborator Dwayne Godwin, a professor of Neuroscience at Wake Forest University. Their comics about the brain appeared in Scientific American Mind from 2010-2017.
• In 2011, PHD Comics was adapted into a feature-length film called " The PHD Movie ", which screened at over 500 locations worldwide, including all 7 continents. A sequel titled, " The PHD Movie 2: Still in Grad School " was produced in 2015 and also screened worldwide. Nature Journal called the movie " Astute, funny " while the New York Times wrote, " Well, Postdocs think it's funny. "
• To date, he has delivered over 400 invited lectures internationally on his experiences in academia and being an independent artist and science communicator.
• The PHD Comics website has been visited by over 60 million visitors in the last 10 years.
• Six book collections of his comics have been published (available in stores and online ).
• " We Have No Idea ," his book co-written with physicist Daniel Whiteson was published May 2017 by Riverhead Books/Penguin Random House and was a Der Spiegel Best-Seller. The book won the Wenjin National Book Award in China.
• His animated explanations of the Higgs Boson and Gravitational Waves went viral and have been viewed millions times.
• He was the subject of a question in a British Quiz Show .
• He lives near Los Angeles, CA with his family.
• He was named one of Los Angeles' most interesting people of 2013.

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Julia Powles

PHD comics' Jorge Cham on misery, hope and academia

Jorge Cham, creator of the cult comic strip Piled Higher and Deeper , or PHD, is probably the most gut-achingly funny/tragic counsellor you could recommend to a PhD student -- or to any confounded friend, lover, or parent trying to understand what he terms, with some flourish, the "global misery phenomenon" of graduate school.

Cham is a full-time cartoonist, but the deep scars wrought by a PhD programme (in robotic engineering) remain his constant muse.

His webcomic has been running since he started grad school in 1997, is syndicated worldwide, and attracts a loyal following among that peculiar breed of poorly-paid, slightly masochistic overachievers, bravely hunting the frontiers of knowledge, free food, most random societies on campus, and unrequited supervisor approval.

PHD follows the travails of four main characters in grad school: the nameless, hapless hero that bears considerable resemblance to Jorge; Cecilia, the reluctant geek constantly frustrated by undergraduates; Tajel, the free-living social sciences student always willing to rally for a cause; and Mike Slackenerny, that person -- every research group has one -- who has been there longer than anyone can remember. The students' harried encounters with the demanding, loveless Professor Smith and absent-minded Professor Jones form the foundation for many priceless recurring gags, poking fun at the lows of grad student life.

Recently, Jorge was in the UK on an academic world tour , talking about 'The power of procrastination'. His thesis has something for all of us -- grad students and otherwise.

The power of procrastination

"The first thing to note", says Cham, "is that procrastination is not the same thing as laziness. Laziness is when you don't want to do anything. Procrastination, its close but distinct cousin, is when you don't want to do the one thing you really ought to be doing, right now. It's not that you don't want to do it, it's just that you find doing everything else possible, from some completely obscure hobby to categorising the entire internet, like the Yahoo dudes did when their supervisor was on summer break, more appealing."

How much time do you spend on a given comic?

I doodle and brainstorm on a notebook I always carry with me. It can take anywhere from five minutes to eight hours to work out a comic. Drawing it on the computer (using a Cintiq) usually only takes one hour.

Simon Singh has written a whole book about mathematics and The Simpsons . Have you got some examples of deep-coded nerd gags in your comics?

I always try to generalise things because my audience spans so many disciplines, but I do have a running gag that pi/2 is always the answer, and I've lost count how many times I've hidden 1.57 into my comics over the years.

Can you give away anything about your characters?

Increasing the ratio of female professors is a big topic I hope to address in the future. The nameless grad student was given a name in The PHD Movie (the film adaptation of the comics), but it's not clear yet whether that's canon or not.

The comics will eventually follow the characters to the completion of their time in grad school. One graduated several years ago (and is now a Post-doc), and I think another will graduate in the next year or two.

Adrienne So

Nena Farrell

You mentioned The PHD Movie . I've heard there's a sequel in the pipeline. Tell us about it.

Yes, we're trying to make a sequel to The PHD Movie ! A few years ago we made what I think is the first independent movie adaptation of a webcomic, and it was a great success in the academic world. It screened at over 500 universities and research centres worldwide (including Antarctica) and got great reviews.

Recently, I've gotten a lot of inquiries whether we're going to make a follow-up so I decided to give the fans a chance to make it happen by launching a Kickstarter . What's different about these movies is that they involve real scientists, researchers and staff members at a real top university (Caltech) in the acting and producing roles.

Part of the message we want to convey is that people in academia are not robots, that they have different passions, talents and even a sense of humour. So, the movie is in the hands of the internet to make it a reality.

Do you have a favourite PHD series?

I started listing out some of my favourite series, but then I realised another reason it's great to be a creator online is that it sort of doesn't matter how many people appreciate any particular piece of work you do. As long as you create something that has meaning to you, you will most likely find others who also connect with it, and the connection will probably be deeper than if you tried to create something that you think everyone would like. It's also easier to take risks because if people didn't particularly like something you did, you have your whole archive there for people to also sample and find something they like.

Is there one comic that stands out as particularly special to you?

One particular comic I've done that comes to mind is a version of Alice in Wonderland where Cecilia gets pulled through her monitor into Thesisland, as a metaphor for her feeling lost on her research. It's a series of comics I feel that works on different levels (character, arc, story, artwork, punch-lines). I also wrote and drew them during the first few weeks my son was born, so it's special also because I was somewhat inspired by that. It's not one I'm particularly famous for, but every once in a while someone will come up to me to say it's their favourite too.

You can see the 11 part series online, starting here and ending here .

The PHD Movie is available to watch for free all this month . You can fund the sequel through this Kickstarter campaign

This article was originally published by WIRED UK

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Blackboard | PH. D. Funnies

The Joke Is on the Ph.D.

By Jaywon Choe

• July 22, 2011

Jorge Cham's comics started out as just another way for a grad student — himself — to procrastinate. Now he’s helping millions of others do the same.

“Piled High and Deeper — Life (or the Lack Thereof),” more commonly known as “ Ph.D. Comics ,” is dedicated to the plight of doctoral candidates: their sleep-deprived stupor, fleeting social lives and the tragic realization that advisers don’t really care.

Dr. Cham, who had no professional art training, created his strip in 1997 as “therapy” while working toward a Ph.D. in mechanical engineering at Stanford.

“I’d always doodled but I never really did a comic strip,” he says. “It took the pain of grad school to get it out.” He has since given up the life of the mind to professionally poke fun at the postgraduate world, via comic books, speaking engagements and mugs and T-shirts. His Web site, phdcomics.com, attracts seven million visitors a year.

This summer, Dr. Cham is working with a theater group from the California Institute of Technology, where he did postdoctoral work, to turn “Ph.D. Comics” into a film. He is writing the script, and the movie will feature grad students both in front of and behind the camera. “The producer is a graduate student in geological sciences, the director is a graduate student in aeronautics, all the actors are real Ph.D. students in astrophysics or physics,” Dr. Cham says. He expects to release the film online and on campuses in the fall.

For Dr. Cham, it’s not all about the comedy. He has humanitarian goals, too: to help struggling students. And it seems to be working. It’s not uncommon to find comments on his site like this one from a chemical engineering student at the University of Houston: “Your comic strip makes me feel that I am not alone, and there are others suffering through the penniless ignominy that is grad school.” 

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Smith B. S. Those are really some interesting initials xD

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• Print length 200 pages
• Language English
• Publisher Piled Higher & Deeper Pub
• Publication date 29 September 2018
• Dimensions 22.86 x 1.27 x 18.42 cm
• ISBN-10 0972169563
• ISBN-13 978-0972169561
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• Publisher ‏ : ‎ Piled Higher & Deeper Pub; Anniversary edition (29 September 2018)
• Language ‏ : ‎ English
• Paperback ‏ : ‎ 200 pages
• ISBN-10 ‏ : ‎ 0972169563
• ISBN-13 ‏ : ‎ 978-0972169561
• Item Weight ‏ : ‎ 363 g
• Dimensions ‏ : ‎ 22.86 x 1.27 x 18.42 cm

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"Interesting questions are raised by present speech patterns"

January 16, 2022 @ 9:56 am · Filed by Mark Liberman under Linguistics in the comics

« "Hip new slang" | Greek and Latin in China »

« previous post | next post »

A recent PhD Comics strip :

It's good to see that the author (Jorge Cham) actually uses (or has Tajel use) the terms "third person" and "passive voice" correctly. To see how rare this is, you can browse Geoff Pullum's summary of "passive voice" discussion , or the more recent list in " The Passivator reborn " (1/10/2021), or the results of searching LLOG for passive voice .

And the comic also accurately illustrates the pressure to chose fancier rather than simpler words (e.g. "acceptable" rather than "fine" or "OK").

" Teaching Zombie Rules " (2/26/2009) noted the common style-guide constraint about using passives to avoid first-person pronouns in technical writing, citing stylistic advice from (now-defunct) style guide from the Acoustical Society of America:

Use passives instead of pronouns "I" and "we," e.g., "It was noted" instead of "We noted."

The ASA's current style guide puts it differently, managing to make the avoidance of first-person pronouns consistent with the avoidance of passive:

Many authorities on good writing emphasize that authors should use the active rather than the passive voice. Doing so in scholarly writing, especially when mathematical expressions are present, is often infeasible, but the advice has merit. In mathematical derivations, for example, some authors use the tutorial “we” to avoid using the passive voice, so that one writes: “We substitute the expression on the right side of Eq. (5) into Eq. (2) and obtain …,” rather than: “The right side of Eq. (5) is substituted into Eq. (2), with the result being … .” A preferable construction is to avoid the use of the tutorial “we” and to use transitive verbs such as “yields,” “generates,” “produces,” and “leads to.” Thus one would write the example above as: “Substitution of Eq. (5) into Eq. (2) yields … .” Good writers frequently go over an early draft of a manuscript, examine each sentence and phrase written using the passive voice, and consider whether they can improve the sentence by rewriting it.

In general, personal pronouns, including the “tutorial we,” are preferably avoided in scholarly writing, so that the tone is impersonal and dispassionate. In a few cases, it is appropriate that an opinion be given or that a unique personal experience be related, and personal pronouns are unavoidable. What should be assiduously avoided are any egotistical statements using personal pronouns. If a personal opinion needs to be expressed, a preferred construction is to refer to the author in the third person, such as: “the present writer believes that … .”

(Of course it's worth noting that "Substitution of Eq. (5) into Eq. (2)"  names the object and goal of the substituting, while leaving the agent vague. So if the goal of avoiding passive voice is to avoid being vague about agency, as opposed to appeasing the ghosts of Strunk and White…)

And I have the impression that the constraint about avoiding "we" (or even "I") is increasingly relaxed, though I don't have time today to do an empirical study of the historical trends.

29 Comments

David marjanović said,.

January 16, 2022 @ 11:39 am

Definitely. I have never referred to myself as "the present writer" or "the senior author" or any such circumlocutions of the obvious; they just seem embarrassing to me. I've never been criticized for this either.

I've often written "we" because only published alone once yet… but in that paper I didn't make any special effort to avoid "I".

But I wouldn't write about general facts like "substitution of Eq. (5) into Eq. (2) yields" in the first person anyway…

January 16, 2022 @ 12:02 pm

There are some grant agencies that explicitly prohibit using personal pronouns in grant applications. This makes for extremely interesting linguistic contortions because the whole text is about what the applicant intends to do. The author of this comment am not sure if the third person self reference is allowed.

Tim Finin said,

January 16, 2022 @ 12:13 pm

A benefit of using "We" rather than "I" is that it suggests it's not just one person presenting their idea or opinion, but a whole team sharing their consensus!

Laura Morland said,

January 16, 2022 @ 12:53 pm

Maybe my brain is just tired, but could someone give an example of a "FIRST person passive voice"… if it exists?

"An affirmative answer is given by me" wouldn't cut it, IMHO, but I would be pleased to stand corrected.

[(myl) The "first person" part means that the subject is "I" or "we". The "passive" part means that the verb is in the passive voice, e.g. "I was puzzled by their answer" or "We were swept away by the current".

The relevance of "third person passive voice" in the context under discussion is that it can offer ways to avoid first-person pronouns, as in the example of "it was noted" in place of "we noted", or "a random sample was selected" in place of "we selected a random sample".

"First person passive" constructions seem unlikely to come up in technical writing, though maybe I'm being misled by habit :-)…]

J.W. Brewer said,

January 16, 2022 @ 1:04 pm

There is I think an important distinction between an authorial "we" referring to the authors of a co-authored paper (and/or a research team, whether or not all of its members are credited as co-authors) and the "tutorial we" referred to by the ASA style guide. The former refers to identifiable individuals who may or may not be correct about whatever they assert; the latter has no particular fixed referent in the world; it is, if not literally a dummy subject like "weather it," the functional equivalent of an indefinite/impersonal pronoun like "one" in a clause like "herbarium material does not, indeed, allow one to extrapolate safely." The tutorial we thus performs the same pragmatic function as agentless passive constructions, viz. it allows the author to be "vague about agency" when that is thought to be affirmatively desirable because the author is supposedly making objective scientific claims whose value does not depend on the identity and subjectivity of the particular writer(s). So objecting to the passive-construction style of scientific writing but thinking the better alternative is active-voice constructions with "tutorial we" as the agency-and-accountability-free syntactic subject does not seem like a meaningful improvement to me.

Somewhat relatedly, I was musing about the use of imperative voice in mathematical proofs (and perhaps some other scientific/technical context?), e.g. "Let ABC be any right triangle, with right angle C.* Draw the altitude CF from the right angle to the hypotenuse …" This seems like the same use of the imperative found in genres like recipes and directions, and shares the same "impersonal" vibe, because the speaker is not explicitly syntactically referred to in the discourse and thus the speaker's specific identity is easier to treat as irrelevant. (Obviously, there may be situations in which whether or not you will try a particular recipe depends on your opinion of the culinary talents of who wrote it, etc.) What I find interesting on reflection is that there are so many other contexts in English in which speakers routinely shy away from pure imperatives because they seem aggressive or impolite, leading us to paraphrase "Do X" as something softer like "would you mind doing X?" Yet in the proof/recipe/directions genre, the bare imperative seems perfectly neutral in tone rather than impolite or pushy.

*The "Let (PRO)NOUN VERB (OBJECT)" construction in English is functionally equivalent to what I think is called the jussive subjunctive in Latin. As is common, I never focused on the oddity of the English construction until I took high school Latin and was taught that as the English analogue of a particular Latin inflected form. Perhaps English is more honest in making it an overtly imperative construction, although that's probably too moralistic a way of describing cross-linguistic variation in morphosyntax.

January 16, 2022 @ 1:06 pm

Due to the infirmities of increasing age, my prior comment said "imperative voice" when it obviously should have said "imperative mood." Unless there's some better terminology to be used for English that Huddleston/Pullum (or whoever) have devised but which has failed to stick in my mind.

David Eddyshaw said,

January 16, 2022 @ 1:14 pm

"personal pronouns, including the “tutorial we,” are preferably avoided in scholarly writing"

Except, apparently, "it", of course, which they wrongly call an "impersonal pronoun" (along with "these.") They've progressed beyond not knowing what a passive is, to not knowing what a personal pronoun is.

Scott P. said,

January 16, 2022 @ 1:36 pm

Maybe my brain is just tired, but could someone give an example of a "FIRST person passive voice"… if it exists?

Loquor linguam latinam.

[(myl) That phrase is meant to mean "I speak Latin", where the verb loquor is deponent , so that it has active meaning though passive morphology. (And also doesn't use a direct object to indicate the language or mode of speaking…) A genuine first-person passive in Latin would be something like "Numquam deterrebor" (= "I will never be deterred").

Other English examples of "first person passive voice" phrases would be things like "I was impressed by her eloquence" or "We will be greeted by the class president".]

Wanda said,

January 16, 2022 @ 1:56 pm

In my fields of biology, we typically use "we" in papers and grant proposals. "We" is appropriate in our papers because the science is almost universally done in teams. I would also say that plainer, punchier language is appreciated, although not all authors have the skill to write that way when there's a lot of necessary jargon. When I write with students, I have to train them out of a lot of bad habits that are based on what they think academic writing is like.

January 16, 2022 @ 2:16 pm

But that only works if the paper actually has several authors. Otherwise it's just distracting (although still usual in French – with singular adjectives & participles for lone authors!).

Maybe my brain is just tired, but could someone give an example of a "FIRST person passive voice"… if it exists? "An affirmative answer is given by me" wouldn't cut it, IMHO, but I would be pleased to stand corrected.

"I am (being) given an affirmative answer."

The "Let (PRO)NOUN VERB (OBJECT)" construction in English is functionally equivalent to what I think is called the jussive subjunctive in Latin. As is common, I never focused on the oddity of the English construction until I took high school Latin and was taught that as the English analogue of a particular Latin inflected form. Perhaps English is more honest in making it an overtly imperative construction

It's (theoretically) different in that the subjunctive expresses a wish here: "may (PRO)NOUN VERB (OBJECT)".

A few vestiges of this, or perhaps calques from Latin, do occur in English: Rule Britannia – Britannia rule the waves is a wish. The lack of commas makes explicit that you're not giving a presumptuous order to Britannia. Likewise America, America, God shed his grace on thee .

January 16, 2022 @ 2:55 pm

"Unto us a child is given" … ?

January 16, 2022 @ 3:21 pm

For Laura Morland's query, here's an excerpt from a 1956 decision of the Supreme Court of Wisconsin:

'Against the contention of appellant, there was testimony by Walter Lohman, director of purchases for Nesco up to March, 1953, presently employed by the Heil Company, and a disinterested witness, that there was a day-to-day agreement and that "no agreement or other answer was given by me which would have led to Wolinsky's assuming that he had such a [five-year] contract."'

Obviously it's possible that either the context of the preceding questions or the formal/artificial nature of giving sworn testimony may have caused Mr. Lohman to use a syntactic structure he would not have typically used in more spontaneous conversation.

A. Sasportas said,

January 16, 2022 @ 4:34 pm

"Loquor linguam latinam" does not exist in native Latin.

Loquor is a form of the Latin deponent verb loqui. A deponent verb has the form of a passive verb and the meaning of an active one.

It does not take a direct object (linguam latinam).

The Latin for 'Do you speak Latin?', for example, is LOQVISNE LATINE, with the adverb LATINE (literally, 'in Latin'), to which one may answer:

LATINE LOQVOR 'Yes, I speak Latin' or LATINE NON LOQVOR 'No, I do not speak Latin'.

Max Wheeler said,

January 16, 2022 @ 6:10 pm

RE: A Sasportas LOQVERISNE LATINE?, since, as you remark, LOQVOR is a deponent verb.

Roy Sablosky said,

January 16, 2022 @ 8:21 pm

I am a copyeditor in the peer-reviewed literature and I disagree with the Acoustical Society of America's advice that authors avoid referring to themselves as "I" or "we." This might make you *sound* more "impersonal and dispassionate," but it won't actually make you more impersonal or dispassionate, or help your reader in any other way. In my view "the present writer believes that . . ." is wordy, awkward, and pretentious.

January 16, 2022 @ 9:31 pm

@ Max Wheeler. Of course you are right.

Rick Rubenstein said,

January 16, 2022 @ 9:42 pm

The important thing is to ensure scholarly writing is sapped of any sense of excitement; otherwise people might be inclined to read it, and then where would we be?

Bob Ladd said,

January 17, 2022 @ 4:46 am

Vaguely relevant fun fact: In Hungarian, verbs in recipes are generally in the 1st person plural (unlike the imperative or infinitive used in recipes in most Western European languages). This would seem to count as an instance of the "tutorial we".

January 17, 2022 @ 9:16 am

"Unto us a child is given" … ?

Third person.

no agreement or other answer was given by me

This would seem to count as an instance of the "tutorial we".

The obsolete but formerly ubiquitous way of beginning a recipe in German was Man nehme , with the impersonal pronoun (3rd person singular) and "take" in the present subjunctive, expressing more or less a wish that "one take" the following ingredients and do stuff with them.

Thomas said,

January 17, 2022 @ 12:15 pm

Thank you @J.W. Brewer for your enlightening comment about the usage of tutorial we. After writing scientific mathematical texts for a long time, I don't even bat an eye anymore at this style. It is interesting to think about it. Writing a mathematical text is mainly wrapping up logical deductions into a cascade of tutorial we, “soft“ imperative formulations and passive voice. They are interchangeable and carry no special connotations to me anymore. The passive voice is not very popular because it takes more words to convey the same content.

I am also quite interested in how we can separate this “tutorial we” from what one might call the “nurse we”, named after the profession most inclined to use it. I have to say, the conflation of these two styles sometimes comes to my mind when I have to dumb down mathematical passages to the layman.

Martin said,

January 17, 2022 @ 4:17 pm

J. W. Brewer above is correct to draw a distinction between the authorial and tutorial 'we'. In scientific papers at least it's necessary to have a way of marking work done by the current authors rather than work that might have been done by others in the past, and authorial 'we' serves that purpose: and, of course, single-author papers then logically use the first person singular. I've written a number of single-author papers in more than one discipline in this style and no proofreader or editor has ever raised any objection.

Alexander Pruss said,

January 18, 2022 @ 6:18 pm

Halmos' "How to write mathematics" says to use "we" for the author and the reader. This forces a certain thoughtfulness. Thus: "I claim that …" should be used when the reader is not yet in a position to make the claim but "We will see that …" is perfectly fine since one can charitably presume the reader will go along with it once it's proved. I've tried to follow this approach in my mathematical writing pretty consistently.

Matt Juge said,

January 19, 2022 @ 12:12 am

A little more on loquor . While linguam latinam may not be typical with this verb, it can take a direct object (e.g., Plautus Persa , act 2 scene 3: Rem loquitur meram "He's speaking the very fact" (per Leo's edition).

Bloix said,

January 19, 2022 @ 10:32 am

The New Yorker used to frown on the first person. In the long profiles of noteworthy individuals, which are based on interviewing and just hanging out with the subject, the writers would resort to work-arounds, like [this is an invented example] – "he motioned to his visitor to have a seat, but all the chairs were stacked with books, prints and paintings."

Andrew Usher said,

January 21, 2022 @ 7:17 pm

Matt Juge: That difference is not about 'loquor' or even Latin, but about different kinds of object. A language is not something you speak, as in say, but something with which you may speak. I think it's English that's anomalous for not distinguishing with the verb 'speak', but neither 'I speak Latin' nor 'I am speaking Latin' mean the same category as with 'the truth' or similar as object. If you're American you may have contemplated what 'Se habla espanol' literally means, and why it's not 'We speak Spanish'.

k_over_hbarc at yahoo dot com

SusanC said,

January 23, 2022 @ 7:04 pm

In a mathematical proof, particularly, "I":seems out of place.

Although a proof was probably originally found by somebody or something (e.g. a computer program) there's a notion of it being a replicable list of instructions that can be carried out by anyone,

January 23, 2022 @ 7:32 pm

Although scientific writing does often resort to the passive voice, there is another way in which it is very explicit about agency. The author list at the start of the paper explicitly names the people who did the experiments that are going to be described, and who paid them.

So "we":seems quite in order.

In my department at least, the convention is the the author list includes the people who actually carried out the experiments, not just the people who did the write-up. (Minor contributions can be put in the acknowledgements section, where you would actually name who did what. ); so the "we" really is either some unspecified subset of the author list or someone who is named in the acknowledgements.as having done the thing.

Philip Taylor said,

January 24, 2022 @ 5:41 am

Susan, may I ask what the colon signifies in « "I":seems out of place » and « "we":seems quite in order » ?

Jonathan said,

January 26, 2022 @ 2:39 pm

Is a nurse saying "How are we feeling today?" a tutorial we? How about a waiter saying "How did we find the steak?" (My stock answer to those questions are "Depends on your feelings and the aggregation function employed" and "It was right here. The kitchen didn't really do much to hide it.")

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Suspended MIT and Harvard protesters barred from graduation, evicted from campus housing

CAMBRIDGE — Dan Zeno’s suspension from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology last week for participating in an unauthorized encampment protesting the war in Gaza had a swift impact on his family’s life. The graduate student has not only been barred from classes, he was also evicted from campus housing, along with his wife and 5-year-old daughter, with just one week to find another place to live.

“My daughter is the most important thing,” said Zeno, 35, an Air Force veteran enrolled in MIT’s Sloan School of Management MBA program. He is scrambling to find alternative housing in Cambridge, where Zoey attends kindergarten. “We’re trying to keep a sense of normalcy for her.”

Yet, even as the suspension has upended his family’s life, Zeno said he remains “fully committed, without reservation” to the student-led effort to compel MIT to cut research contracts with the Israeli Ministry of Defense amid the brutal war.

“The level of risk we are taking on is nothing compared to what Palestinians are going through in Gaza,” Zeno said. “Children are being intentionally starved as a military strategy. This is a super urgent situation.”

Zeno, who helped organize MIT’s “Scientists Against Genocide” encampment on April 21, said he’s horrified by daily images being livestreamed from Gaza and is on “a deeply spiritual journey” to speak out against injustice.

Some suspended students won’t be graduating as planned, others have lost income with their fellowships canceled, and some have had their research projects halted. Yet, they vowed to continue protesting.

Demonstrations have erupted at campuses across the country since Hamas attacked Israel on Oct. 7, killing more than 1,200 people and taking about 250 hostages, triggering a massive attack on Gaza by Israel. More than 34,000 people have died in Gaza, two-thirds of whom are women and children, according to local health officials .

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Colleges have been cracking down on encampments with disciplinary action against students and arrests.

On Wednesday, two days after MIT warned protesters they would face discipline if they did not vacate the encampment on Kresge Lawn, administrators sent a flurry of suspension notices to some of those who were participating. A spokesperson declined to say how many students were suspended, but protest organizers said there were at least two dozen.

Sally Kornbluth, MIT’s president, wrote that the encampment was a “ high-risk flashpoint ,” drew “outside threats,” and endangered the broader campus community. She said repeated attempts to negotiate with the protesters failed, leaving the university with few options as tensions appeared to heighten.

“I hoped these measures could be avoided through our efforts to engage the students in serious good-faith discussion,” Kornbluth wrote in a campus-wide letter last week , which outlined the discipline. “But recent events, and my responsibility to ensure the physical safety of our community, oblige us to act now.”

Safiyyah Ogundipe, a chemical engineering senior at MIT and organizer of the encampment, said she received an email Wednesday notifying her of her suspension. She is barred from taking final exams or walking with her graduating class at the end of the month. She, too, faces eviction from student housing, effective Wednesday.

“My family is not too pleased about it — that’s an understatement,” said Ogundipe, 21, of Virginia.

“It does feel very weird to come to the very end and not feel like I came over that finish line,” she said during an interview Thursday. “But I think we’ll find a way out.”

She remained hopeful MIT’s Committee on Discipline will overturn her suspension after a hearing, paving the way for her graduation. “I just have to take it day by day.”

Still, even as her academic future is unclear, Ogundipe said her commitment to the pro-Palestinian protest movement is not.

“This has been one of the most tumultuous years that I’ve been through at MIT, but also the most rewarding,” she said.

Early Friday, police dismantled the MIT encampment and arrested 10 students, including Ogundipe, making MIT the third Boston-area college — following Emerson College and Northeastern University — where protesters were forcibly removed from encampments and charged, mostly for trespassing.

Although Zeno was not among the MIT students arrested Friday, he was arrested two weeks ago outside Emerson when police cleared that school’s encampment from a public alley, detaining more than 100. Zeno’s charge of disorderly conduct was dismissed in exchange for his agreement to perform 40 hours of community service.

Zeno said he believes the disciplinary action taken by the school is probably more severe for people than an arrest. But, the protesting students feel strongly about the fight, which he compared to the student anti-Vietnam protests and anti-apartheid movements decades ago.

On Friday, Harvard University, the site of the last pro-Palestinian encampment in the Boston area, began suspending protesters who refused to leave the area of makeshift tents. Those suspended were told they can’t sit for exams or participate in commencement or other school activities, and they will be evicted from student housing.

In a letter to the university community last week, Alan Garber, Harvard’s interim president, said the encampment’s place in the center of campus had forced activities, including exams, to be relocated. Garber said some students have reported feeling disrupted and, at times, intimidated by the protesters, and he believed that their continued presence could affect the commencement ceremony later this month.

Kojo Acheampong, a Harvard sophomore studying computer science and an organizer of the school’s encampment, was among those suspended.

“Obviously there’s a moment of shock. It’s like, ‘Oh, it’s actually happening.’ You’re making calls to your family members and they’re going crazy,” Acheampong said. But, as an organizer, he said, he expected to be targeted and to have to make sacrifices.

“It fits into a legacy that I’m proud of,” Acheampong said. “I’m proud of the history of organizers who fought against South Africa, Vietnam, proper liberation of all people. So this type of repression means that we’re doing our job.”

The suspension from Harvard means “you’re essentially booted out, and you can’t come back to the yard or any buildings or things like that until after” the suspension, Acheampong said. He said he was told toleave campus by noon Saturday.

He said he “got lucky” because he finished his finals before being suspended, but his parents are upset at both him and the university and were asking about the impact the suspension may have on his future.

“I take seriously the fact that I’m an organizer and I take seriously the fact that that comes with certain sacrifices that have to be made for the movement,” Acheampong said. “I mentally prepared myself for what can happen. And this is what fulfills me. I wouldn’t want to do anything else.”

As for the possibility that he could be arrested, Acheampong said, “I’m genuinely not worried, because I know that we’re on the right side of history.”

Globe correspondents Ava Berger and Daniel Kool contributed to this report.

Shelley Murphy can be reached at [email protected] . Follow her @shelleymurph . Alexa Coultoff can be reached at [email protected] . Follow her @alexacoultoff . Madeline Khaw can be reached at [email protected] . Follow her @maddiekhaw .

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Showrunner russell t. davies on ushering an inclusive era of ‘doctor who’, breaking news.

Syfy Picks Up ‘Revival’ Series Based On Comics As ‘Resident Alien’ Fate Remains In Limbo

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Syfy has given a series order to Revival , a drama based on the comic book series of the same name, for a 2025 debut. The announcement was part of Syfy’s upcoming slate reveal ahead of the NBCU upfront presentation Monday.

It also included Reginald the Vampire , starring Jacob Batalon, whose second season premiered May 8, and The Ark , whose second season will follow this summer.

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As Deadline reported exclusively earlier this week , there are talks about the sci-fi series starring Alan Tudyk moving from Syfy to NBCU cable sibling USA Network, with a return to Syfy for Season 4 unlikely.

Produced by Canadian company Blue Ice Pictures, Revival is set on one miraculous day in rural Wisconsin when the recently deceased suddenly rise from their graves. But this is no zombie story as the “revived” appear and act just like they once were. When local Officer and single mother Dana Cypress is unexpectedly thrown into the center of a brutal murder mystery of her own, she’s left to make sense of the chaos amidst a town gripped by fear and confusion where everyone, alive or undead, is a suspect.

Lance Samuels, Daniel Iron, Samantha Levine, Daniel March, Luke Boyce and Aaron Koontz serve as executive producers. 

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