natural beauty of assam essay in assamese

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natural beauty of assam essay in assamese

Subject Assamese English Social Science Science Mathematics Education Anthropology Economics Geography History Hindi Political Science Philosophy Sociology Sanskrit
Others অসমৰ দিৱসসমূহ অসমীয়া কিতাপ অসমৰ জিলাসমূহ সমাৰ্থক শব্দ বিপৰীত শব্দ Assamese People অসমৰ ধানৰ প্ৰজাতি অসমৰ জনপ্ৰিয় লোক অসমীয়া কাহিনী ভাৰতবৰ্ষৰ প্ৰৱিত্ৰ তীৰ্থস্থান অসমীয়া শব্দ বাক্য় ৰচনা অসমৰ উদ্ভিদ গণিতৰ সূত্ৰাৱলী অসমীয়া সঁজুলি বিপৰীত শব্দ অসমৰ জিলাসমূহ অসমীয়া ব্যাকৰণ বিশেষ্যৰ পৰা বিশেষণলৈ এটা শব্দত প্ৰকাশ কৰা অসমীয়া ৰচনা মহান লোকৰ বাণী অসমীয়া নেওঁতা অসমীয়া পঞ্জিকা অসমীয়া দৰখাস্ত অসমৰ চৰাই অসমীয়া কবিতা Assam festival সহজ লভ্য বন দৰবৰ গুণ জনপ্ৰীয় গীত Computer Painting Assam Historical Tools
District Morigaon Baksa Nagaon Barpeta Biswanath Bongaigaon Cachar Charaideo Chirang Darrang Dhemaji Dhubri Dibrugarh Dima Hasao Goalpara Golaghat Hailakandi Hojai Jorhat Kamrup Metropolitan Kamrup East Karbi Anglong West Karbi Anglong Karimganj Kokrajhar Lakhimpur Majuli Nagaon Nalbari Sivasagar Sonitpur South Salmara-Mankachar Tinsukia Udalguri West Karbi Anglong
BA KKHSOU Assamese English Social Science Science Mathematics Education Anthropology Economics Geography History Hindi Political Science Philosophy Sociology Sanskrit
DU Assamese English Social Science Science Mathematics Education Anthropology Economics Geography History Hindi Political Science Philosophy Sociology Sanskrit

অসমৰ প্ৰাকৃতিক সৌন্দৰ্য্য অসমীয়া ৰচনা | The Natural Beauty of Assam Essay In 1500 Words |

অসমৰ প্ৰাকৃতিক সৌন্দৰ্য্য

Puspa Kakati

BCC CERTIFICATE

UPLOAD QUESTION PAPER, DRAWING, STORY

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অসমৰ প্ৰাকৃতিক সম্পদ ৰচনা | Essay on Natural Resources of Assam

অসমৰ প্ৰাকৃতিক সম্পদ

আৰম্ভণিঃ প্ৰকৃতিৰ বুকুৰ পৰা যিবােৰ সামগ্ৰী আহৰণ কৰি, অথবা প্ৰকৃতিৰ অনুগ্ৰহত গঢ়ি উঠা যিবােৰ সম্পদ বা সামগ্ৰী মানুহৰ কামত লগােৱা হয় সেইবােৰকেই চমুকৈ প্ৰাকৃতিক সম্পদ বােলা হয়। প্ৰাকৃতিক সম্পদসমূহ মানুহে নগঢ়ে, প্ৰকৃতিৰ বুকুত সেইবােৰ প্ৰাকৃতিক কাৰণতেই ঘূপ খাই থাকে অথবা প্ৰকৃতিৰ উপৰিভাগত নিজে নিজেই সেই একে কাৰণতেই গঢ় লৈ উঠে। অসম প্ৰাকৃতিক সম্পদেৰে এখন চহকী ৰাজ্য। ইয়াৰ ভৌগােলিক অবস্থান অতি বৈচিত্ৰ্যপূৰ্ণ। এই ৰাজ্য সমভূমি, মালভূমি, পৰ্বত-পাহাৰ, নদ-নদী, উপত্যকা, খাল-বিল, হাবি-জংগলেৰে পৰিপূৰ্ণ। অসমৰ গৰ্ভ খনিজ তেল, কয়লা, লোৰ আঁকৰ আদিৰেও পূৰ হৈ আছে। গতিকে সকলাে প্ৰকাৰৰ প্ৰাকৃতিক সম্পদেই কম-বেছি পৰিমাণে অসমত পােৱা যায়।

প্ৰাকৃতিক সম্পদসমূহঃ অসমৰ প্ৰাকৃতিক সম্পসমূহক ঘাইকৈ চাৰি শ্ৰেণীত ভাগ কৰি আলোচনা কৰিব পৰা যায়—

(ক) খনিজ সম্পদঃ খনিজ সম্পদৰ ভিতৰত খনিজ তেল, চূণশিল, চিমেন্ট, কয়লা, লাে, সীহ আদিৰ আকৰ, সােণৰ চেকুৰা আদি উল্লেখযােগ্য। খনিজ তেলত অসম অতি চহকী। অসমৰ সমগ্ৰ ভূগৰ্ভ আগুবি এই তেল আছে বুলি ধাৰণা কৰা হৈছে। অসমৰ বিভিন্ন ঠাইত ন ন তেলৰ পুং আৱিষ্কৃত হ’ব লাগিছে। ইতিমধ্যে ডিগহৈ, নাহৰকটীয়া, মৰাণ, লাকোৱা, হুগ্ৰীজান, গেলেকী, ৰুদ্ৰসাগৰ আদি ঠাইত খনিজ তেলৰ পুং আবিষ্কৃত। হৈছে। সমগ্ৰ ব্ৰহ্মপুত্ৰ উপত্যকাতে প্ৰচুৰ পৰিমাণৰ তেল সঞ্চিত হৈ আছে বুলি বিশেষজ্ঞসকলে ঠাৱৰ কৰিছে। এই খনিজ তেল শােধন কৰিবলৈকে ডিগবৈ, নুনমাটি, বঙাইগাঁও আৰু অসমৰ বাহিৰতাে শােধনাগৰ স্থাপিত হৈছে।

এই উদ্দেশ্যে, নুমলীগড়তে শশাধনাগাৰ নিৰ্মাণ হৈছে। খনিজ তেলৰ পৰা কেৰাচিন, পেট্ৰ’ল, স্পিৰিট, মবিল, মম, ৰুন্ধন গেছ আদি উৎপাদিত হৈছে। এইদৰে বৰ্তমান মানুহৰ দৈনন্দিন ব্যৱহৃত সামগ্ৰী উৎপাদন হােৱাৰ উপৰিও ইয়াত হাজাৰ হাজাৰ মানুহে নিযুক্তি লাভ কৰিব পাৰিছে। আৰ্থিকভাৱে ৰাজ্যখনক ভালেখিনি সকাহ দিব পাৰিছে। তাৰােপৰি ইয়াৰ গইনা লৈ অন্যান্য উদ্যোগ আৰু ব্যৱসায় প্ৰতিষ্ঠান গঢ়ি উঠিছে।বঙাইগাঁওত পেট্ৰ’কেমিকেল কমপ্লেক্স, দুলীয়াজানত তেল আৰু প্ৰাকৃতিক গেছ আয়ােগৰ কেন্দ্ৰ স্থাপিত হৈছে। লিড়, মাৰ্ঘেৰিটা, বৰগােলাই, টিপং, মাকুম আদি অঞ্চলত কয়লা খনি আছে। কয়লাৰ পৰা আলকাতৰা, নানাবিধ সুগন্ধি মচলা, ৰং আৰু চেকৰিণ তৈয়াৰ কৰা হয়।

গাড়ী-মটৰ, যানবাহন, উদ্যোগ আদিত কয়লাৰ ব্যৱহাৰ মন কৰিবলগীয়া। ইয়াৰ অৰ্থনৈতিক দিশটোও উন্নত। ইয়াৰ উপৰিও কোনাে কোনাে ঠাইত লােৰ আঁকৰ, সােৱণশিৰি নৈৰ বালিত, গাৱালপাৰাৰ পাহাৰ অঞ্চলত সােণৰ চেকৰা পােৱা যায়। অসমৰ পাহাৰীয়া অঞ্চলত লিমিনাইট আৰু গুৱাহাটীৰ আশে পাশে তামৰ খনি থকাৰাে সন্ধান পােৱা গৈছে। চণশিলৰৰ সন্ধান পােৱা গৈছে। বােকাজানত চিমেন্ট কাৰখানা স্থাপিত হৈছে। অন্যান্য কিছুমান ঠাইতাে চিমেন্ট তৈয়াৰ হৈছে।

(খ) বনজ সম্পদঃ বনজ সম্পদৰ ভিতৰত অসমৰ হাবি-বননি, পাহাৰ আদিত পােৱা বিবিধ গছ-গছনি, কাঠ-বাঁহ, জীৱ-জন্তু, পক্ষী আৰু শিল আদি। আগতে অসমৰ সমতল ভূমিৰ অধিক অংশই আৰু পাহৰুৱা অঞ্চলসমূহাে হাবি-জংগলেৰে ভৰা আছিল। সেইবােৰত স্বাভাৱিকভাৱেই গজিছিল অতি মূল্যৱান শাল, সােণাৰু, নাহৰ, আজাৰ, কৰৈ, গমাৰি, বনচোম, তিতাচপা, চেগুণ, শিলিখা, শিমলু, গন্ধসৰৈ, অগৰু, চন্দন, পমা অনেকবিধ গছ-গছনি। কিন্তু অসমত বাহিৰা লােকৰ প্ৰব্ৰজন ঘটাত ঘৰ বান্ধি থাকিবলৈ, খেতি-বাতি কৰিবলৈ হাবি-জংগল, গছ-গছনি কাটি খাস্তাং কৰিলে। বৰ্তমান বনবিভাগ বুলি চৰকাৰী বিভাগ এটা খুলি এইবােৰৰ কিছু ঠাই সংৰক্ষণ কৰি তাত গছ-গছনি ৰুইছে; গছ-গছনি কাটি টকলা কৰা পাহাৰবােৰতাে গছ-গছনি ৰুইছে।

হাবি-জংগল, গছ-গছনি কটাৰ ফলত অসমৰ জলবায়ুৱেই সলনি হৈ গৈছে। বৰষুণৰ পৰিমাণ কমিছে। ইয়াত থকা জন্তু-জানোেৱাৰ, পক্ষীয়ে থাকিবলৈ ঠাই নাপাই হয় আন ঠাইলৈ গুচি গৈছে, নতুবা গাঁৱে-ভূঞে, চহৰে সােমােৱাৰ ফলত মানুহৰ হাতত নিধন হৈছে। ঘৰ আৰু দলং আদি সজা আৰু মানুহৰ প্ৰয়ােজনীয় বিভিন্ন সা-সৰঞ্জাম, সজুলি, আদি তৈয়াৰ কৰাৰ বাবে কাঠ-বাঁহ আদি হ’ল অমূল্য সম্পদ। ভাৰতৰ বিভিন্ন ঠাইলৈ মূল্যৱান কাঠ ৰপ্তানি কৰাৰ উপৰিও ৰেলৱে বিভাগে শালগছসমূহ ৰে’লৰ চিৰিৰ তলত শ্লিপাৰ হিচাপেও ব্যৱহাৰ কৰি আহিছে। হাবিত পােৱা খেৰ, বতা, খৰি আদিৰ চাহিদা প্ৰচুৰ। শিমলু কাঠৰ পৰা জুইশলা তৈয়াৰ কৰিছে। বৰ্তমান থকাতকৈ জুইশলা নিৰ্মাণ আৰু কাগজ-কল স্থাপনৰ অধিক সম্ভাৱনা অসমত আছে। অসম বিখ্যাত ইয়াৰ হাবিত থকা এশিঙীয়া গঁড়ৰ বাবে।

তাৰােপৰি হাতী, ম’হ, বাঘ, নাৰকমৰ পহু, গাহৰি, ভালুক, বান্দৰ আদি অনেক জীৱ-জন্তু ইয়াৰ হাবিত থাকে। ধনেশ ম’ৰা, হাঁহ, কাউৰী, মইনা, ভাটৌ, টিয়া, শগুণ, হাড়গিলা, কুলি, কেতেকী, শালিকা অলেখ পক্ষী অসমৰ হাবিৰ গছ-গছনিত বাস কৰে। এই জীৱ-জন্তুসমূহ অসমৰ পদ। ইয়াৰ হাবিত অনেক মৌ বাহাে পােৱা যায়। ফল-মূলাে পােৱা যায়।পাহাৰত পােৱা, নদীবােৰত উটি অহা শিল-বালিসমূহকো বনজ সম্পদৰ ভিতৰত ধৰা হয়। শিল-বালিৰ চাহিদা বৰ্তমান সময়ত অতি বেছি। এইবােৰ ৰাস্তা-পদূলি, ঘৰ, দলং আদি নিৰ্মাণত বহুলভাৱে ব্যৱহৃত হৈছে।

(গ) জলজ সম্পদঃ পানীও মানুহৰ অতি মূল্যবান সম্পদ। আনহাতে ইয়াত থকা মাছকাছ আদিও মানুহৰ প্ৰয়ােজনীয় খাদ্য। অসমৰ মাজেৰে ব্ৰহ্মপুত্ৰ আৰু সুৰমা নদী বৈ যােৱাৰ উপৰিও ইয়াত অনেক অন্যান্য নদী-উপনদীও আছে। ইয়াৰ পানী খােৱাৰ উপৰিও জলসিঞ্চনৰ ব্যৱস্থাৰে খেতি পথাৰত দিয়া আৰু বিজুলী শক্তি উৎপাদনৰ কামতাে ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা হৈছে। নদনদী, উপনৈ, বিল-খাল আদিত পােৱা মাছ-কাছৰ ব্যৱসায় কৰিয়েই অনেক লোকে জীৱিকা চলাইছে। আনহাতে নিজাকৈ অনেক লােকে মাছ পুহিবলৈ লৈ আৰ্থিকভাৱে লাভৱান হৈছে।

(ঘ) কৃষিজ সম্পদঃ অসম এখন কৃষিপ্ৰধান ৰাজ্য। ইয়াত মানুহে কৰা বিবিধ খেতিৰ উপৰিও প্ৰকৃতিৰ বুকুত অনেক খাদ্য-সামগ্ৰী পােৱা যায়। চাহ আৰু অনেক ফল-মূল আগতে প্ৰকৃতিবেই দান আছিল।বৰ্তমান অৱশ্যে এইবােৰৰ খেতি মানুহে উন্নত ধৰণে কৰিবলৈ লৈছে। মানুহে ধান মাহকে ভিতৰ কৰি সকলােবােৰ খেতি কৰে যদিও পানীৰ কাৰণে, জলবায়ুৰ কাৰণে প্ৰকৃতিৰ ওপৰতেই বেছিভাগ নিৰ্ভৰ কৰে। সেই কাৰণেই অসমৰ কৃষিক প্ৰাকৃতিক সম্পদৰ ভিতৰত ধৰিব পৰা যায়।

সম্পদসমূহৰ পৰা পােৱা উপকাৰঃ এই সম্পদসমূহ মানুহৰ জীৱনৰ এৰাব নােৱৰা সম্পদ। জীৱন নিৰ্বাহ কৰিবলৈ, বিভিন্ন প্ৰয়ােজন পূৰাবলৈ এই সম্পদসমূহ অসমৰ বাবে অমূল্য সম্পদ। ইয়াৰ সম্পদসমূহৰ দ্বাৰা বিভিন্ন উদ্যোগ, কাৰ্যালয় আৰু তান্যান্য কামত অনেক অসমীয়া মানুহে কৰ্ম সংস্থান পােৱাৰ উপৰিও ৰাজ্য চৰকাৰৰ আৰু ব্যক্তিগতভাবেও আৰ্থিক লাভৱান হৈছে।

সামৰণিঃ অসমৰ প্ৰাকৃতিক সম্পদসমূহ উচিতভাৰে সংৰক্ষণ কৰিব আৰু কামত লগাব পাৰিলে ইয়াৰ প্ৰচুৰ পৰিমাণে উদ্যোগ গঢ়ি উঠিব। অসমৰ ভয়াবহ নিবনুৱা সমস্যা আৰু অশান্ত পৰিৱেশৰ মােকামিলা কৰিবলৈ এই উদ্যোগসমূহেই মুখ্য ভূমিকা ল’ব পাৰিব। অসম অধিক লাভৱান হ’ব।

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অসমৰ প্ৰাকৃতিক তথা বনজ সম্পদ ৰচনা | Natural and Forest Resources of Assam Essay in Assamese

প্রকৃতিৰ বুকুত উদ্ভূত সম্পদৰাজিয়েই প্রাকৃতিক সম্পদ। উৎস আৰু শ্রেণী অনুযায়ী এই সম্পদ কনজ, প্রাণীজ আৰু খনিজ হ’ব পাৰে। কৃষিজাত সম্পদৰ কথা বাদ দি আমি ইয়াত বাকীকেইবিধ সম্পদৰ বিষয়ে আলােচনা কৰিম।

বনজাত সম্পদত অসম অতুলনীয়। প্রকৃতিয়ে অতুল বৈভৱেৰে ঐশ্বর্যশালী কৰি অসমক স্ৰজন কৰিছে। অসমৰ প্ৰতিটো সেউজীয়া বিন্দুৱেই একোটা অমূল্য সম্পদৰ ভাণ্ডাৰ। অসমৰ পর্বতে-পাহাৰে, পাহৰৰ নামনিত, ভৈয়ামৰ বিভিন্ন প্রান্তত শত-সহস্র মূল্যবান কাঠ আছে। শাল, সােণাৰু, বল বগৰী, আজাৰ, নাহৰ, গমাৰী, কৰৈ, গন্ধসৰৈ, চেমি, শ্যাম, চেগুন, অগৰু, চন্দন, তিতাচপা, হালধিচম্পা, শিমলু, পমা আদি অলেখ অপাৰ কাঠৰ অৰণ্য অসমৰ বুকুত বিৰাজমান। ঘৰ সজাৰ বিভিন্ন সঁজুলি আৰু নানা তৰহৰ আত্বাব-পত্ৰৰ বাবে এইবােৰ অমূল্য সম্পদ; ভাৰতৰ বিভিন্ন ৰাজ্যলৈ ৰপ্তানি হয়; পূর্বতে ৰে’লৰ স্লিপাৰ আদি অসমৰ কাঠৰপৰা তৈয়াৰ হয়। অগৰু, চন্দন আদি কাঠৰপৰা সুগন্ধি অতৰ, ধূপকাঠী আদি তৈয়াৰ হয়। শিমলু কাঠ জুইশলা শিল্পত প্ৰচুৰ পৰিমাণে ব্যবহৃত হয়। শিমলু কাঠক জুইশলা শিল্পৰ প্ৰাণ বুলি ক’লেও বঢ়াই কোৱা নহয়। শ্যাম কাঠৰ নাও উৎকৃষ্ট।

Read Also: দৈনন্দিন জীৱনত বিজ্ঞানৰ প্ৰভাৱ ৰচনা | The Impact of Science on Everyday Life Essay in Assamese

অসমৰ হাবিত প্ৰচুৰ পৰিমাণে বাঁহ আৰু বেত পােৱা যায়। বাঁহ-বেতৰ চাহিদা, বাজ্যখনৰ ভিতৰত যিদবে প্রভূত, সেইদৰে ৰাজ্যৰ বাহিৰতাে প্রভূত। কাগজ উৎপাদনৰ কাৰণে কাঠ আৰু বাঁহ দুয়োটাই অতীব প্রয়ােজনীয়। অসমৰ কাঠ, বাঁহ আদিৰ উৎপাদনলৈ চাই অসমত কেইবাটাও কাগজৰ কল স্থাপনৰ সম্ভাৱনীয়তা নুই কৰিব নােৱাৰি। অসম আৰু বিহাৰৰ দ্বাৰভাংগাৰ যুটীয়া প্ৰচেষ্টাত গােৱালপাৰা জিলাৰ যােগীঘােপাত “অশােক পেপাৰ মিল” নামৰ এটা কাগজৰ কল প্রতিষ্ঠিত হৈছে। মৰিগাঁও জিলাৰ জাগীৰােড আৰু কাছাৰতত আন দুটা কাগজৰ কল প্রতিষ্ঠা হৈছে। অৰুণ ভবিষ্যতে আৰু কেইবাটিও কাগজৰ কল স্থাপিত হােৱাৰ সম্ভাৱনা আছে। তদুপৰি সমগ্ৰ ভাৰতব্যাপী বাঁহ-বেত শিল্প গঢ়ি উঠিছে অসমৰ উৎপাদনৰ গইনা লৈয়েই।

এইবােৰৰ বাহিৰেও অসমৰ হাবিত প্ৰচুৰ পৰিমাণে ইকৰা, নল, খাগৰি, খেৰ পােবা যার এইবােৰ গৃহনির্মাণৰ কাৰণে অত্যাৱশ্যকীয় সামগ্রী। তদুপৰি অসমৰ অৰণ্যত প্ৰচুৰ পৰিমাণে শাক, পাচলি আৰু ঔষধজাতীয় উদ্ভিদ আছে। এইবােৰ সম্পদৰপৰা এফালে চৰকাৰে লাখ লাখ টকাৰ ৰাজহ লাভ কৰিছে আনফালে অসমীয়া জাতিয়ে এইবােৰ সম্পদ আহৰণ কৰি লাভৱান হৈছে। নানা ফল-মূল জাতীয় উদ্ভিদো অসমৰ হাবিত উভৈনদী হৈ আছে।

আন এবিধ কাজাত সম্পদ হৈছে বনৰীয়া জীৱ-জন্তু। হাতী, গড়, বাঘ, ভালুক, বান্দৰ, সাপ, নেউল, পং, গাহৰি আৰু ধনেশ, মৰাচৰাই, হাঁহ, কাউৰী, শগুণ, ভাটো, মইনা, কুলি, কেতেকী আদি অলেখ-অপাৰ পশু-পক্ষী অসমৰ হাবিত উভৈনদী হৈ আছে। হাতী, গড়, বাঘ, পহু অসমৰ বহুমূলীয়া সম্পদ। বিশেষকৈ এশিঙীয়া গঁড় পৃথিৱীৰ ভিতৰতে এক দুর্লভ সম্পদ। এইবােৰ জীৱ-জন্তু বিদেশলৈ ৰপ্তানি কৰি অসমে কোটি কোটি টকা উপার্জন কৰে। হাতীৰ দাঁত আৰু গঁড়ৰ খজাও বহুমূলীয়া সম্পদ।

সমগ্র অসমৰ নদ-নদী, বিল-খালবােৰত মাছ কাছ উভৈনদী। এইবােৰ অসমৰ এক বৃহৎ পবিমাণৰ প্রাকৃতিক সম্পদ। প্ৰকৃতিৰ বুকুত স্বয়ংপালিত এইবিধ সম্পদৰপৰা বৃহৎ পৰিমাণৰ ৰাজহ অসমৰ ৰাজভঁৰাললৈ আহে তদুপৰি ই সমগ্ৰ অসমীয়া জাতিৰে সুখাদ্য। ইয়াৰ উন্নয়নৰ বাবে চৰকাৰে কৃত্রিম উপায়েৰে প্রজনন ব্যৱস্থা কৰি অধিক উৎপাদনৰ ব্যৱস্থা লৈছে।

অসমৰ আন এবিধ অতি মূল্যবান সম্পদ হৈছে । ই অৱশ্যে উদ্ভিদ আৰু প্রাণী উভয়ৰ মিশ্রিত প্রক্রিয়াৰ দ্বাৰা উদ্ভূত। এবিধ গছত বর্ধিত কীটৰ আঠাৰপৰা লা হয়। ইয়াৰপৰাও অসমৰ যথেষ্ট আয় হয়। এই লা শােধন কৰাৰ ব্যৱস্থা বর্তমান অসমত নাই বাবে প্ৰায়বোেৰ অশােধিত লা বাহিৰলৈ পঠোৱা হয়। চাপৰমুখত থকা একমাত্র কাৰখানাটোও লা যােগানৰ অসুবিধাৰ অজুহাতত বাহিৰলৈ স্থানান্তৰিত কৰা হ’ল। অথচ প্রচুৰ পৰিমাণৰ অশােধিত লা প্রতি বছৰে অসমৰ বাহিৰলৈ যাব লাগিছে।

ধূনাও এবিধ উদ্ভিদজাত বনজ সম্পদ। ইয়াৰ চাহিদা সদৌ ভাবততে আছে। সেইবাবে প্ৰচুৰ পৰিমাণৰ ধূনাও ৰপ্তানি কৰা হয়।

খনিজ পদার্থ অসমৰ আটাইতকৈ মূল্যবান সম্পদ। এই সম্পদতাে অসম অতিশয় চহকী। ভাৰত খনিজ সম্পদৰ ইতিহাসত অসমৰ কেৰাচিন আৰু পেট্ৰ’লৰ কাহিনী সর্বপ্রথমতে সােণালী আখৰেৰে লিখা ৰ’ব চিৰদিন। এনে এটা সময় আছিল, যি সময়ত কেরল ডিগবৈৰ কেৰাচিন তেলেৰেই ভাৰত পােহৰাবলগা হৈছিল। অসমৰ ডিগবৈ, নাহৰকটীয়া, মৰাণ, লাকুৱা, হুগ্রীজান, গেলেকী আৰু ৰুদ্ৰসাগৰত প্ৰচুৰ পৰিমাণৰ কেৰাচিন তেলৰ পুং আবিষ্কৃত হৈছে। বিশেষজ্ঞসকলৰ জৰীপ মতে সমগ্র ব্রহ্মপুত্র উপত্যকাতে বিৰাট পৰিমাণৰ তেলৰ সাগৰ থকা বুলি জনা গৈছে। অসমৰ তেল শােধন কৰিবৰ কাৰণে ডিগবৈত থকা পূৰ্বৰ শোধনাগাৰৰ বাহিৰেও গুৱাহাটীৰ নমাটি আৰু গােলাঘাটৰ নুমলিগড়ত শােধনাগাৰ স্থাপিত হৈছে গােৱালপাৰা জিলাৰ বঙাইগাঁৱতাে পেট্রোকেমিকেল কমপ্লেক্স স্থাপিত হৈছে।

তেল আৰু প্রাকৃতিক গেছৰ অনুসন্ধানৰ বাবে দুলীয়াজানত তেল আৰু প্রাকৃতিক গেছ আয়ােগর কেন্দ্র প্রতিষ্ঠিত হৈছে। ডিব্ৰুগড় জিলাৰ লেপেটকতাত গেছ ফ্ৰেকাৰ প্রকল্প প্রতিষ্ঠা হৈছে। অতিৰিক্ত খাৰুৱা তেলবােৰ বর্তমান বাউনী আৰু হলদিয়ালৈ নি শােধন কৰা হৈছে। অসমৰপৰা আহৰণ কৰা এইসম্পদ অসমতে আৰু অধিক শক্তিসম্পন্ন শােধনাগাৰ প্ৰতিষ্ঠা কৰি শােধন কৰা ব্যৱস্থা কৰা হ’লে এফালেদি অসমৰ অজস্ৰ নিবনুৱাৰ কর্ম সংস্থান হ’লহেঁতেন। অসমৰ যাতায়াত ব্যৱস্থা উন্নততৰ নােহােৱাৰ অজুহাত দেখুৱাই কেন্দ্রীয় চৰকাৰে অসমতে এই অতিৰিক্ত খাৰুৱা তেলৰ বাবে নতুন শােধনাগাৰ প্ৰতিষ্ঠা নকৰি অসমক সদায় প্রবঞ্চনা কৰি অহাটো অতি পবিতাপৰ কথা।

কয়লা অসমৰ দ্বিতীয় শ্রেষ্ঠ খনিজ সম্পদ। লিডু, মাৰ্ঘেৰিটা, বৰগােলাই, টিপং, মাকুম অঞ্চলত ইয়াৰ খনি আছে। কয়লাৰপৰা কুৎসিত আলকাতকে আৰম্ভ কৰি নানা বিধ সুগন্ধি মচলা, ৰং আৰু চেকাৰিন তৈয়াৰ হয়।

ইয়াৰ বাহিৰেও অসমৰ বিস্তীর্ণ অঞ্চল জুৰি প্ৰচুৰ পৰিমাণে চুণশিল আৰু বাচিন্দা পােৱা যায়। কামৰূপ আৰু গােৱালপাৰা জিলাৰ সীমান্তৰ এক বিস্তীর্ণ অঞ্চলত “ফুলাৰ্চ আর্থ” সঞ্চিত হৈ আছে। ৰহা অঞ্চলৰ শ্ৰীটিকেন্দ্র সিংহ ৰজা নামৰ এজন লােৰুে ইয়াৰ খনি উদঘাটন কৰি আহৰণৰ ব্যৱস্থা হাতত লৈছিল; কিন্তু মূলধনৰ অভাৱত কাৰখানা স্থাপন কৰিব নােৱৰাত এই বহুমূলীয়া সম্পদবিধ কামত প্রয়ােগ কৰিব পৰা হােৱা নাই।

গােৱালপাৰাৰ কোনাে পাহাৰৰ শিৰাত সােণৰ সন্ধানাে পােৱা গৈছিল; কিন্তু তাক আহৰণ কৰাৰ বা প্রকৃততে কিমান পৰিমাণৰ সােণ উৎপাদন হ’ব পাৰে তাৰ জৰীপ কৰা ব্যৱস্থা হৈছে নে নাই জনা নাযায়। সােৱণশিৰি নৈৰ বালিত সােণৰ ভেঁকুৰা পােৱা যায়। পুৰণিকালত সােপণাৱালসকলে যথেষ্ট পৰিমাণৰ সােণ তাৰপৰা আহৰণ কৰিছিল। অথচ ইয়াৰ উৎস ক’ত আৰু ব্যৱসায়িক ভিত্তিত আহৰণ কৰিব পৰা যায় নে নাযায়, তাৰ গৱেষণা সম্ভৱতঃ আজিলৈকে হােৱা নাই। অসমীয়া মানুহে অসমৰ বুকুৰপৰাই লােহাও আহৰণ কৰিছিল।

অসমৰ পাহাৰীয়া অঞ্চলত চিলিমিনাইটো পােৱা যায়। গুৱাহাটীৰ দাঁতিকাষৰীয়া অঞ্চলত তামৰ খনি থকাৰাে সন্ধান পােৱা গৈছিল। আনকি বিশেষজ্ঞসকলে এই মত পােষণ কৰে যে সমগ্ৰ অসমৰে গৰ্ভত প্ৰচুৰ পৰিমাণৰ খনিজ সম্পদৰ এক অক্ষয় ভাণ্ডাৰ অনাৱিষ্কৃত অৱস্থাত আছে, যাৰ উদঘাটন

সম্ভৱ হ’লে অসমৰ “সােণৰ অসম” নাম কল্পনাৰ শীর্ষ বিন্দুৰপৰা নামি আহি বাস্তৱৰ আকাশলংঘী গৰিমাৰে মহিমামণ্ডিত হব।

কিন্তু দুখৰ বিষয় আমি অসমীয়াই আজি “সােৱণশিৰিৰ সােণৰ ভেঁকুৰা বুটলিব কোনে?” -বুলি গীতৰ ৰাগিণী তুলিয়েই ক্ষান্ত আছে। তাক বাস্তৱত ৰূপায়িত কৰাৰ সৎ সাহস, সামর্থ আমি গােটাব পৰা নাই।

প্রকৃতিয়ে বনজ, প্রাণীজ, খনিজ অজস্র সম্পদেৰে অসমী আইক কেঁচা সােণ, বগা সােণ, কলা সােণৰ অক্ষয় ভাণ্ডাৰ কৰি স্ৰজন কৰিছে। কিন্তু আমি দুখীয়া অসমীয়া জাতিয়ে এই অক্ষয় ভাণ্ডাৰৰ অক্ষয়-অব্যয় সােণবােৰ আহৰণ কৰি অসমীক বৈভৱশালী কৰি তুলিব পৰা নাই। প্রকৃতিয়ে অযাচিতে আগবঢ়াই দিয়া অমূল্য অৱদানখিনি আহৰণ কৰি আমি জাতীয় জীৱন সমৃদ্ধ কৰিব নােৱৰাটো কাপুৰুষালিৰ বাহিৰে কি হ’ব পাৰে?

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উন্নয়নৰ উপায় আৰু মন্তব্য

এই সম্পদবােৰ আহৰণ কৰিবলৈ আৱশ্যকীয় যন্ত্রপাতি, আমদানি কৰা প্রয়ােজন। তাৰ কাৰণে যাতায়াত ব্যৱস্থা উন্নত হ’ব লাগিব। উপযুক্ত থলুৱা বিজ্ঞানী, বিশেষজ্ঞ, কাৰিকৰ লাগিব। চৰকাৰে শিক্ষিত নিবনুৱা যুৱকসকলক উপযুক্ত প্রশিক্ষণ দিয়াই অনাৰ ব্যৱস্থা কৰিব লাগে; যাতায়াতৰ ব্যৱস্থা উন্নত কৰক; তদুপৰি আৱশ্যকীয় মূলধনৰ ব্যৱস্থা কৰক। এই প্রচেষ্টা অকল ৰাজ্য চৰকাৰে আগবঢ়ালেই নহ’ব; কেন্দ্রীয় চৰকাৰেও এই উদ্যোগৰ ক্ষেত্ৰত অনুন্নত ৰাজ্যখনৰ সম্পদসমূহ আহৰণৰ কাৰণে ঔদ্যোগিক বিকাশৰ কাৰণে আৰু অনগ্রসৰ পূৰ্বাঞ্চলৰ আর্থিক, সামাজিক উন্নয়নৰ কাৰণে হাত উজান দিব লাগিব। নহ’লে এই আপুৰুগীয়া অমূল্য সম্পদসমূহ চিৰদিন অৱহেলিত আৰু অনাবিষ্কৃতভাৱেই ৰৈ যাব; অঞ্চলটোৰ উন্নয়নে ব্যাহত হব।

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ASSAMESE HUB

Assam- the natural beauty of assam, the natural beauty of assam.

N atural Beauty of Assam

Bihu is the main festival celebrated all over Assam with great enthusiasm. Bihu is a set of three prominent festivals - Bohag/Rongali Bihu, Kati/Kongali Bihu, Magh/Bhogali Bihu.
Durga Puja is another main festival celebrated in Assam . It is a religious festival of Bengali but Regardless of race or language celebrated all over Assam .
Bathow puja is a festival celebrated in Assam . It is a religious festival of Bodos.
Ali Ai Ligang, celebrated by Mising community of Assam is a spring festival associated with agriculture.
Me-Dam-Me-Phi, one of the main festivals of Assam is celebrated by Ahoms. At this festival, Ahoms worship their ancestors.
Bwisagu is again a festival of Bodos of Assam . It is a seasonal festival celebrated in the first week of the month of Bohag or Baisakh.

Facts about Assam

Kaziranga National Park has the highest population of one-horned Rhinoceros and the highest destiny of Royal Bengal Tiger.
Majuli is the largest populated river island in the world.
Sattriya Nritya is one of eight classical Indian dances.
Jorhat Gymkhana Club is the oldest golf course in Asia and the third oldest in the world.
Assam is among the top 7 Indian states with the most operational airports having 6 operational Airports -Guwahati, Silchar, Dibrugarh, Tezpur, Jorhat, and Lilabari are the current six operational Airports in Assam .
Assam was the first state to ratify the GST bill in India,2016
Rang Ghar, Asia's oldest amphitheater is located in Assam .
Umananda is the smallest river island in the world.
IIT Guwahati which was in 87th world rank in 2014 in 'Best University under 50' in times Higher education ranking. It was the only Indian institute in that list under 100 rank.
Asia's 1st oil refinery was established in Digboi, Assam .

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Natural Resources of ASSAM || অসমৰ প্ৰাকৃতিক সম্পদ

July 15, 2021 by Souvik Leave a Comment

অসমৰ প্ৰাকৃতিক সম্পদ

আৰম্ভণি ( introduction ).

ভাৰতৰ ভিতৰত প্ৰাকৃতিক সম্পদত চহকী যি কেইখন ৰাজ্য আছে তাৰ ভিতৰত অসম অন্যতম আৰু অনন্য ।কোনো বিধ প্ৰাকৃতিক সম্পদেই এই ৰাজ্যত নোহোৱা নহয়।যি ৰাজ্য প্ৰাকৃতিক সম্পদত চহকী,সেই ৰাজ্য শিল্প বাণিজ্য তো চহকী হয়।অসম কিন্তু ইয়াৰ ব্যতিক্ৰম।ইমানবোৰ প্ৰকৃতিজাত সম্পদ বা কেঁচামাল থকা সত্ত্বেও অসম শিল্প বাণিজ্য ত তেণেই পিছপৰা।যি দুটা এটা উদ্যোগ বা শিল্পানুষ্ঠন গঢ়ি উঠিছে,তাৰো গৰাকী সাধাৰণতে বহিৰাগত।আনকি প্রকৃতিজাত কেঁচামাল ৰ ব্যৱসায়ো প্ৰধানকৈ অনাঅসমীয়া ৰ হাতত। বনজাত,খনিজাত,জলজাত আৰু মাটিৰ উৰ্বৰা হেতু কৃষিজাত বস্তুবোৰে হল প্ৰাকৃতিক সম্পদ।

List of National Parks in Assam – click here

কৃষিজাত সম্পদ :

অসমৰ হাবিবোৰ নানান মূল্যবান গছ গছনি,লতা গুল্মেৰে পৰিপূৰ্ণ। শাল,চেগুন,আজাৰ আদি ঘৰ আৰু ঘৰুৱা আচবাব সজোৱা কামৰ কাৰণে বৰ উপযোগী।কাগজ শিল্পৰ ঘাই উপাদান বাঁহ,জুইশলা কাৰখানা ৰ ঘাই উপাদান শিমলু গছো এই হাবিত প্ৰচুৰ পৰিমাণে পোৱা যায়।মচলা জাতীয় গছ, মেজাংকৰি আদি ৰঙৰ গছ,শিমলু তুলা আৰু লা ৰ কাৰণেও অসমৰ হাবি বিখ্যাত।অসমৰ হাবিত থকা বেত আন এবিধ উল্লেখযোগ্য সম্পদ।অসমৰ হাবিত ওপজা সুকাঠি গছ,নাহৰৰ গুটি, পদ্মকাঠ আৰু চিত্ৰণলা বনৰ পৰা তেল আৰু সুগন্ধি দ্ৰব্য প্ৰস্তুত কৰা হয়।ইয়াৰ পৰ্বত আৰু হাবি বোৰত নানান জন্তু,চৰাই চিৰিকতি বাসভূমি।এইবোৰৰ ভিতৰত হাতী,বাঘ,ভালুক,পহু আদি জন্তু আৰু ধনেছ,ময়ুৰ,দেওহাহ আদি চৰাই উল্লেখযোগ্য।হাতী আৰু গড় বৰ মূল্যবান জন্তু।বনজ সম্পদৰ ভিত্তিত প্লাইউড,কাঠ ফলা কল,জুইশলা কাৰখানা নিচিনা সৰু সুৰা উদ্যোগৰ উপৰিও যোগীঘোপা,পাঁচ গাওঁ আদিত কাগজ কল স্থাপিত হৈছে।

I ntroduction: Assam, a north-eastern state of India is full of natural beauty. The mother goddess has created Assam with all the charm, tenderness and delicacy of mesmerizing beauty. In the plains and hills, in the lakes and rivers, in the woods and forests of Assam, there is an abundance of bewitching beauty.

The Beauty of the Hills and Mountains: There is beauty in all the hills and mountains of Assam. They seem more beautiful and charming in the morning sunlight. In the winter, the snow-capped mountains are covered with white sheets. The Karbi-Anglong hills in the middle of Assam also bear a glimpse of the alluring beauty. Similarly, Guwahati, the capital of Assam, is surrounded by mountains from all sides. From the top of the hill, the city of Guwahati looks like a ribbon of glittering light.

The Beauty of the Plains: Though Assam is a hilly state, the Brahmaputra and Barak valleys of Assam produce a wide variety of crops. The paddy fields look golden in the month of Aghun. When the ripened paddy and wheat dances in the wind our hearts experience a heavenly pleasure.

The Beauty of Rivers of Assam: Assam is a land of innumerable rivers and rivulets. The Brahmaputra and its tributaries inundate the plains of Assam during the rainy season. It also creates over-flood and causes considerable havoc to the land and property of the Assamese. But the rippling sound of water gives mysterious joy and pleasure. Boat racing is held on the rivers of Assam during the rainy season. The boatmen sing various songs which add melody to the natural beauty of Assam.

The Beauty Woods and Forest: Assam is the land of woods and forests. The forest occupies 30% of the land. The forests are the home of various species of trees, shrubs, reeds etc. These trees have contributed immensely to natural resources as well as to the beauty of Assam. In the northern Himalayan plateau, there are many species of trees, such as gomeri, sonaru, teak, shishu, shimlu, saal etc. which look tremendous to our eyes. In the same way, the rows of saal trees that stretch across the plains on the southern bank of the Brahmaputra River of Assam attract tourists who are thirsty for beauty.

The Beauty of Different Seasons: There are six seasons in Assam: summer, rainy, monsoon, autumn, winter and spring. These seasons are characterized by their respective beauty. The beauty of Assam in summer and monsoon is incomparable though autumn brings a novelty to the natural beauty of Assam. During autumn the sky is clear and blue. Fruits like mango, jackfruit, orange, letuka, coconut etc. give new impetus to the hearts of the Assamese. The beauty of spring in Assam is heavenly and brings us new enthusiasm to our bodies and mind. During this season, the trees become more and more charming with new leaves. A large variety of flowers such as rose, tamarisk, narcissus, kapau etc. blossom abundantly in the hills and plains of Assam. During spring many species of birds like the cuckoo, nightingale, robin and some other birds appear in nature. These add a new melody to the beauty of Assam with their respectful songs.

Special Places of Natural Beauty in Assam: Assam bears a lot of natural beauty in its plains and hills though there are some places in Assam whose natural beauty is so captivating that many tourists from outside Assam come to enjoy them. There are several such places, as Kamakhya, Nilachal Hill, Basishtashrm in Guwahati, Agnigarh in Tezpur, Powamakka in Hazo, Dargah Swarip in Goalpar etc. The natural beauty of the surrounding areas of these places is so enchanting that the sadness and fatigue of the humdrum life may instantly be removed by visiting these places.

Menace to the Beauty of Assam: At present the natural beauty of Assam has been facing the deadly menace of extinction. With the growth of population, people are cleaning off the forests and hills for making abodes and producing crops. As a result, the natural beauty of Assam is being deteriorated. If the people of Assam, are not aware of the need to preserve the natural beauty of Assam, then in the near future, the natural beauty of Assam will disappear forever. 0 0 0

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The Hidden Natural Beauty of Assam

Flora and Fauna of Assam

Flora and fauna of assam: assam’s natural marvels.

Flora and Fauna of Assam: Situated in the heart of Northeast India, Assam presents a breathtaking natural panorama adorned with lush green forests, meandering rivers, and a profusion of unique wildlife. Beyond its globally renowned tea plantations, Assam’s true allure lies in its vibrant biodiversity, which plays an essential role in both its cultural heritage and ecological balance. The sprawling landscapes are alive with an incredible variety of plant species, while the protected havens within the state provide sanctuary to numerous rare and endangered animal species. Whether you’re a nature enthusiast, a dedicated researcher, or simply curious, the flora and fauna of Assam promise an enthralling journey of exploration and wonder.

Flora of assam.

1-Tropical Rainforests

Assam’s tropical rainforests, primarily located in the Upper Assam region, are among the most biodiverse ecosystems in the state. These lush rainforests provide a haven for a variety of tree species, including the majestic Dipterocarps, the iconic Hollong, and the formidable Nahar. The dense canopy of these forests teems with life, offering a home to numerous wildlife species.

2-Tropical Deciduous Forests

The tropical deciduous forests of Assam dominate substantial portions of the landscape. Sal trees stand tall here, but they are not alone. These forests also host other notable species such as Simul, Sisu, and Kusum. These diverse woodlands are not only essential for the region’s ecological balance but also play a crucial role in supporting local livelihoods.

3-Bamboo Groves

Assam boasts a wealth of bamboo varieties, making them a significant ecological and economic resource. Among the abundant bamboo species in the region, Bambusa tulda and Melocanna baccifera are particularly noteworthy. These versatile plants serve as a source of livelihood for many communities while contributing to the ecological health of Assam’s forests.

4-Grasslands

Grasslands, often found along the floodplains of the mighty Brahmaputra, are vital habitats for a myriad of herbivores and bird species. The tall elephant grass, a defining feature of regions like Kaziranga, provides sustenance and shelter for iconic wildlife, including the Indian rhinoceros and wild water buffalo.

5-Wetlands and Swamps

Assam’s wetlands and swamps are crucial ecosystems that support a rich biodiversity. These areas are home to a variety of aquatic plants and many endemic species. In addition to their ecological importance, wetlands and swamps serve as significant carbon sinks, contributing to the global fight against climate change.

6-Tea Gardens

Assam’s globally acclaimed tea gardens are synonymous with the region’s identity. Vast stretches of tea gardens, adorned with the Camellia sinensis plant, are a common sight across the state. Assam tea, known for its bold and brisk flavors, has earned a special place in the hearts of tea connoisseurs worldwide.

Assam is a paradise for orchid enthusiasts, boasting over 250 species of these exquisite flowers. Among them, the Blue Vanda and Kopou Phool are particularly famous. Orchids add a touch of vibrant beauty to Assam’s already diverse flora, making them a sight to behold.

8-Medicinal Plants

Hidden within Assam’s forests are treasures of medicinal plants that have been part of traditional indigenous knowledge for centuries. These plants, including Manjistha, Sarpagandha, and Brahmi, play a vital role in traditional healing practices and reflect the state’s rich botanical heritage. Conservation of these plants is essential for both traditional medicine and modern pharmaceutical research.

Assam’s flora is a tapestry of ecosystems that contribute to the state’s ecological health, cultural richness, and economic sustainability. Preserving and nurturing this green heritage is not only vital for Assam’s local communities but also for the global environment. As Assam continues to cherish and protect its diverse flora, it stands as a shining example of harmonious coexistence between humans and nature.

Fauna of Assam

1-One-horned Rhinoceros

The iconic Indian one-horned rhinoceros, synonymous with Assam and particularly Kaziranga National Park, is a symbol of conservation success in the state. Assam’s unwavering commitment to protecting this magnificent creature has resulted in a thriving population that continues to capture the world’s imagination.

2-Royal Bengal Tiger

Assam’s Manas and Nameri National Parks, in addition to Kaziranga, serve as vital strongholds for the Royal Bengal tiger. These majestic big cats find refuge in Assam’s protected areas, a testament to the state’s dedication to preserving its rich wildlife heritage.

3-Elephants

The dense and biodiverse forests of Assam provide an ideal sanctuary for the Indian elephant. Herds of these gentle giants are a common sight in regions like Manas and Kaziranga, offering visitors the chance to witness these magnificent creatures in their natural habitat.

4-Hoolock Gibbons

Assam proudly boasts the presence of the only apes in India, the Western Hoolock Gibbons. These enchanting primates find their home predominantly in the Hollongapar Gibbon Sanctuary, adding to the state’s remarkable biodiversity.

5-River Dolphins

The Brahmaputra River, coursing through Assam’s heartland, shelters the endangered Gangetic River dolphins. Their graceful presence near river confluences and sandbanks provides a unique opportunity for wildlife enthusiasts to witness these aquatic wonders.

6-Assam Roofed Turtle

This endangered species calls the Brahmaputra and Barak river systems its home. Efforts to protect and conserve this elusive turtle are crucial for its survival and the overall health of these river ecosystems.

7-Various Deer Species

Assam’s diverse habitats, particularly in areas like Kaziranga and Pobitora, provide shelter to various deer species, including the hog deer, swamp deer, and sambar deer. These elegant creatures add to the state’s rich wildlife tapestry.

With over 800 species, Assam stands as a paradise for bird enthusiasts. Among the notable avian residents are the Greater Adjutant Stork, White-winged Duck, and Black-necked Crane, each contributing to the vibrant birdlife of the region.

Assam’s forests are not only home to charismatic mammals but also house an array of reptilian wonders. From the famed King Cobra to monitoring lizards and diverse species of turtles, the reptile diversity in Assam is both fascinating and essential to the ecosystem.

10-Freshwater Fish

The rivers and wetlands of Assam teem with a variety of fish species, including Boroila, Xihu, and the famous Golden Mahseer. These freshwater fish play a vital role in the aquatic ecosystems of the state, supporting both wildlife and local livelihoods.

Assam’s rich and diverse wildlife, thriving in a range of habitats from dense forests to meandering rivers, showcases the state’s commitment to conservation. Efforts to protect these incredible species are not only vital for the health of Assam’s ecosystems but also contribute to global biodiversity preservation. As Assam continues to champion the cause of wildlife conservation, it ensures that these natural treasures are cherished and safeguarded for generations to come.

Read This Also: PRS Water Park in Hubli

Types of Forests in Assam

Assam, with its diverse topography and climatic variations, is home to a wide range of forest types. These forests not only contribute to the state’s rich biodiversity but also play a crucial role in maintaining ecological balance. Here are the primary types of forests found in Assam:

Tropical Rainforests: These dense and evergreen rainforests are primarily located in the Upper Assam region, where high rainfall and humidity prevail. They are characterized by towering trees such as Dipterocarps, Hollong, and Nahar. These rainforests are biodiversity hotspots and support a wide range of flora and fauna.
Tropical Deciduous Forests: Dominated by Sal trees (Shorea robusta), these deciduous forests cover substantial parts of Assam. Other tree species found in these forests include Simul, Sisu, and Kusum. During the dry season, the Sal trees shed their leaves, creating a distinct seasonal change in the landscape.
Bamboo Groves: Assam is known for its abundant bamboo varieties, which serve both ecological and economic purposes. Bambusa tulda and Melocanna baccifera are some of the common bamboo species found in the region. Bamboo groves are vital for wildlife habitats and provide a source of livelihood for local communities.
Grasslands: Typically found along the floodplains of the Brahmaputra and its tributaries, grasslands in Assam are home to many herbivores and bird species. Tall elephant grass dominates these regions, creating ideal grazing and nesting grounds for wildlife. Notable areas with grasslands include Kaziranga National Park.
Wetlands and Swamps: Assam’s wetlands and swamps, often associated with the riverine ecosystems of the Brahmaputra and Barak rivers, are vital for aquatic plants and wildlife. These areas support a rich biodiversity, including numerous aquatic and bird species, and also act as significant carbon sinks.
Riverine Forests: Along the banks of rivers like the Brahmaputra and its tributaries, riverine forests thrive. These forests are adapted to periodic flooding and provide habitat for a variety of flora and fauna. The trees in these areas are often adapted to survive in waterlogged conditions.
Secondary Forests: Resulting from human activities such as shifting cultivation and deforestation, secondary forests in Assam vary in composition and density. These forests are essential for biodiversity conservation and ecological restoration efforts.
Hill and Mountain Forests: In the hilly regions of Assam, you’ll find hill and mountain forests. These forests exhibit different species compositions compared to the lowland forests and are crucial for maintaining ecological diversity in the state’s varied topography.

Each of these forest types in Assam contributes to the state’s ecological diversity and provides a unique habitat for a wide range of plant and animal species. The conservation and sustainable management of these forests are critical not only for the local environment but also for the global biodiversity landscape.

Endangered Flora and Fauna of Assam

In the face of rapid urbanization, deforestation, poaching, and other human-induced pressures, the Flora and fauna of Assam are confronting the grim specter of extinction. Let’s delve into the perilous status of some of Assam’s endangered species, highlighting the urgent need for conservation:

Endangered Fauna:

White Winged Wood Duck : This rare and magnificent species of large tree duck finds its habitat in the dense tropical evergreen forests, swamps, and marshes of Assam. Its striking presence has sadly dwindled due to habitat loss and poaching.

Hoolock Gibbon: As the sole ape species found in India, these gibbons are recognizable by their distinctive white eyebrows and a ring of white fur encircling their black faces. Their populations, once flourishing, are now under severe threat.

Pygmy Hog: Holding the distinction of being the smallest wild pig species, the pygmy hog is now one of the most critically endangered. Once widely distributed across India, Nepal, and Bhutan, it now clings to certain pockets of Assam.

One-horned Rhinoceros: A symbol of Assam, this majestic creature has been relentlessly hunted for its prized horn. Thankfully, efforts in places like Kaziranga National Park have helped secure two-thirds of the world’s remaining population.

Golden Langur: Known for its resplendent golden fur, this primate is primarily found in western Assam and neighboring Bhutan. Its survival is imperiled by habitat degradation and fragmentation.

Bengal Florican: This critically endangered bustard species primarily inhabits the grasslands of Assam. Its dwindling numbers serve as a stark reminder of the urgent need for conservation.

Manas River Turtle: Inhabiting the Manas River that meanders through Assam and Bhutan, this turtle faces threats from habitat destruction and illegal poaching.

Endangered Flora:

Orchids: Assam boasts several endemic orchid species, such as the Blue Vanda and the Foxtail orchid (Rhynchostylis retusa). These botanical treasures are now at risk due to habitat destruction.

Medicinal Plants: Essential medicinal plants like Saptparni (Alstonia scholaris) and Rudraksh (Elaeocarpus sphaericus) are dwindling in numbers due to overexploitation, endangering traditional healing practices.

Trees: Iconic trees like the Hollong and Makai are facing grave threats, primarily from logging activities and habitat conversion.

As these unique species teeter on the brink of extinction, dedicated conservation efforts are underway to secure their future. Assam’s national parks, including Kaziranga, Manas, and Orang, alongside numerous wildlife sanctuaries, are pivotal in these conservation endeavors. Recognizing the importance of preserving Assam’s biodiversity, both the state government and local communities are increasingly uniting to safeguard these invaluable natural treasures for generations to come.

Read This Also: Ramuji Water Park Jabalpur

In the heart of Northeast India lies Assam, a region where the term “biodiversity” truly comes to life. The remarkable interplay of the flora and fauna of Assam weaves a vibrant tapestry across this land, telling a story of resilience, coexistence, and wonder. From the verdant forests to the meandering rivers, Assam’s natural heritage is a treasure trove waiting to be explored.

But this treasure, the Flora and Fauna of Assam, is facing challenges. As human activities expand, from urbanization to deforestation, the habitats of countless plant and animal species are shrinking. Poaching and habitat fragmentation further threaten the existence of some of the world’s most unique creatures.

Yet, amid these challenges, there is hope. Assam has shown its commitment to preserving its natural wonders through the establishment of wildlife sanctuaries, national parks, and community reserves. The tireless efforts to combat poaching and the dedication to afforestation campaigns signal a collective determination to protect the precious flora and fauna of Assam.

The importance of Assam’s biodiversity transcends borders. Its lush landscapes and diverse inhabitants contribute not only to the cultural identity of the region but also to global biodiversity conservation. The flora and fauna of Assam are integral to the planet’s ecological balance, and their preservation is a shared responsibility.

For nature enthusiasts, researchers, and curious minds alike, the flora and fauna of Assam beckon with tales of wonder and exploration. This incredible natural symphony is a reminder of the beauty and fragility of our world, urging us to cherish and safeguard it for generations to come. Let Assam’s biodiversity be a source of inspiration, igniting a passion for conservation and an unwavering commitment to protect the extraordinary life that thrives in this remarkable land.

অসমৰ প্রাকৃতিক সৌন্দৰ্য ৰচনা | The Natural Beauty of Assam Essay

অসমৰ প্রাকৃতিক সৌন্দৰ্য ৰচনা | The Natural Beauty of Assam Essay | Asomor Prakritik Soundarya Essay | Axomor Prakritik Soundarya Essay

অসমৰ প্ৰাকৃতিক সৌন্দৰ্য্য

আৰম্ভণিঃ সুন্দৰৰ অলৌকিক মহিমাৰ ছন্দময় পৰশত গছে গছে, লতাই লতাই সৌন্দৰ্য-দীপ্ত কুসুমৰ প্রস্ফুটিত ৰূপচ্ছটাই প্রকৃতিৰ বুকুত সুন্দৰৰ সৌন্দৰ্য্যৰ জ্যোতির্ময় মেলা পাতি যােজন বিয়পা সুৰভিৰে প্রাণী জগতৰ মন বিমােহিত, চঞ্চল-চপল কৰি তােলে; মধুস্মিতা প্রকৃতিৰ লাস্যময়ী ৰূপৰ মাধুৰ্য্যই মানুহৰ মনােৰাজ্যত আলােড়ন সৃষ্টি কৰে; মানুহৰ মন নাচি উঠে। অনুভূতি জাগ্রত হয়; ভাবৰ হিল্লোলে দিগন্তৰ সীমা বিচাৰি উধাও হয় সৌন্দৰ্য ৰাজ্যৰ সন্ধানত; তাতেই প্রাকৃতিক বৈচিত্র্যৰ সার্থকতা।

অসম প্ৰকৃতিৰ লীলাকেন্দ্র। প্রকৃতিৰ ৰূপ-মাধুৰ্য্যই মানুহৰ সৌন্দৰ্য্য-পিপাসু মনক অহােৰাত্রি আহ্বান জনায় সুন্দৰৰ সৌন্দৰ্য ৰাজ্যলৈ। প্রতি ঋতুৰ আগমনে নৱ নৱ সৌন্দৰ্য্যৰ ৰূপ-মাধুৰ্য্যই অসমৰ প্ৰকৃতিৰ বুকুত ফুলাই তুলি; অসমীক নৱ নৱ কাচোনেৰে কাচি বিনন্দীয়া কৰি তােলে। সেই বিনন্দীয়া ৰূপৰ চমকেৰে প্ৰকৃতিয়ে আনে অসমীৰ সেউজী ৰাজ্যলৈ ফুলৰ মেলা, সৌন্দৰ্য্যৰ মনােৰম মেলা।

গ্ৰীষ্মকালৰ সৌন্দৰ্য্যঃ গ্রীষ্মৰ আগমনৰ লগে লগে প্রকৃতিৰ সমগ্ৰ বুকুৱেই সেউজীয়া ৰূপ ধাৰণ কৰে। বৰষাৰ লগে লগে সম্পূর্ণ সেউজীয়া হৈ উঠি গােটেই দেশখনকে মনােৰম সেউজীয়া ৰূপেৰে সজাই বিতােপন কৰি তােলে। বৰষাৰ জাক জাক মৌচুমীয়ে সমগ্র অসম ছাটি ধৰি ভৰু-লতাবােৰক যেন পিয়াহৰ পানী যােগাই গ্রীষ্মৰ প্ৰখৰ তাপত দগ্ধ হৈ থকা প্রাণলৈ নিবিড় প্রশান্তি আনি দিয়ে। বৰ নৈৰ বুকুত, জান জুৰি, নিজৰাৰ বুকুত বাৰিষাৰ ধল উঠে; কল কল ধ্বনিৰে তীব্র বেগেৰে বৈ যায় নৈবােৰ। তীব্র সোঁতেও তােলে কল-ধ্বনি; পাৰৰ কঁহুৱা, খাগৰি বতাহত কঁপে। লুইতৰ বুকুতো বান উঠে; দুই কূল উপচাই অপাৰ সমুদ্রৰ সৃষ্টি কৰি বৈ যায় গুৰু-গম্ভীৰ গতিৰে মহাসাগৰ উদ্দেশ্যি।

ৰিণি ৰিণি দেখা যায় দুই পাৰৰ দূৰৰ গাওঁবােৰ, পৰ্বত পাহাৰবােৰ; দূৰৰপৰা দেখা যায় যেন নীলা নীলা পাৰি যুক্ত বগা এক সুদীর্থ বিস্তীর্ণ চাদৰ মেলি থৈছে। ব্রহ্মপুত্র উপত্যকাৰ সোঁমাজত। এইয়া যেন অসমী আইৰ বুকুৰ মনােৰম এক ৰিহাৰ আঁচল; বতাহৰ লহৰে লহৰে উৰি উৰি নাচি-বাগি আইৰ অপৰূপ সৌন্দর্য্য দুগুণে মনােমােহা কৰি তুলিছে। পাৰৰ খাগৰি, কঁহুৱাই হালি-জালি ৰঙতে বিভােৰ হৈ যেন মলয়াৰ চোঁৱৰেৰে আইৰ দেহৰ ক্লান্তি দূৰ কৰিছে।

পাহাৰৰ ওখ ওখ বিৰিখৰ মাজে মাজে অঁকাই পঁকাই কুলু কুলু সুৰেৰে বৈ থকা জুৰি-জানবােৰে যেন লাজৰ ওৰণি টানি বিভুৰ মহিমাৰ বন্দনা-গীত গাই অসীম উদ্দেশ্যে যাত্রা কৰিছে লুকাই লুকাই; অনাঘ্রাত। পাহাৰীয়া অনামিকা কুসুমৰ-সুৰভিৰ সঁফুৰা লৈ বৰষাৰ জান -জুৰিৰ এই অখ্যাত, অনামী অবাৰিত যাত্রাই কি সুন্দৰ, হিয়া উপচা অনুভূতি, ভাবৰ হিল্লোল নিগৰি পৰা সৌন্দর্য্যৰ সৃষ্টি কৰে তাক উপলব্ধি কৰিব পাৰে কবিসকলেহে, দার্শনিকসকলেহে।

শৰৎকালৰ সৌন্দৰ্য্যঃ বর্ষা যায়, শৰত আহে; পৃথিৱীলৈ আহে ৰিব ৰিব মলয়াৰ মৃদুল হিল্লোল। তাৰ পৰশ লাগি পথাৰৰ সেউজীয়া লখিমী হালি-জালি, নাচি-বাগি আনন্দ-বিড়ােল। বিলৰ বুকুত শাৰদীয় পূর্ণিমাৰ স্নিগ্ধ জ্যোৎস্নাৰ ৰূপালী পৰশত ভেঁট ফুলে হাঁহে। দিনমণিৰ আগমনৰ মাহেন্দ্ৰ ক্ষণত শতদলে হাঁহি মাৰে মিচিক্ মাচাক। সুনিৰ্ম্মল বাৰিধিয়ে বুকুত সাৱটি লয় প্রস্ফুটিত ভেট আৰু পঙ্কজৰ কোমল ছায়াক আলফুলকৈ। ৰাজহাঁহ, কাম, কোঁঢ়া, শৰালিয়ে তাৰ মাজে মাজে দাপােণত মুখ চাই নাদুৰি-সাঁতুৰি ৰঙৰ মেলা পাতে সৰসীৰ বুকুত। কেনে হিয়া উতলােৱা, হৃদয় জুৰােৱা, শান্তিৰ অমিয়া ঢলা মনােৰম দৃশ্য এইবােৰ। প্ৰকৃতিৰ বুকুৰ এই মহা লীলা চাই চাই প্রকৃতি যেন নিজেই নিশ্চুপ হৈ ৰয়।

জোনাকৰ জেউতিত নিশা শেৱালিয়ে হাঁহিৰে উপচাই তােলে প্রকৃতিৰ বুকু, সৌৰভৰ লালিমা কঢ়িয়াই মলয়াই শান্তিৰ সুবাস ঢালে মানুহৰ অন্তৰত; নিশাৰ অন্তত নিয়ৰৰ মুকুতা সৰা দূবৰিৰ বুকুত শেৱালিৰ সৌন্দৰ্য্যই ৰচে তৰাৰ দীপালি। “হাচনাহানাৰ তীব্র গন্ধত সপােন বিভােৰ মাধৱ নিশা।” ৰজনীগন্ধাৰ মৃদু সৌৰভত উতলা-‘উন্মনা মানৱ প্রাণ। গুণ গুণ ভােয়ােৰাই বকুলৰ বুকুত তােলে মধুৰ গুঞ্জন। তগৰৰ সৌৰভৰ মাদকতাত মানুহৰ হৃদয় টম; গােলাপৰ মিচিকি হাঁহিত মানৱ প্ৰাণত উঠে সপােন ৰাজ্যৰ ছন্দময় ভাবৰ উন্মেষ। বনানিৰ কুঞ্জে কুঞ্জে সুবাসিত কুসুমৰ সৌন্দৰ্য্যৰ মেলা। ডালে ডালে বিবিধ বিহঙ্গৰ নৃত্যৰ মূৰচ্ছনা।

গুৰু-গম্ভীৰ, শান্ত, সমাহিত নৈৰ বুকুত সুনিৰ্ম্মল জলধিৰ মৃদুল তৰঙ্গৰ নাচোনৰ খেলা; পাৰে পাৰে সেউজীয়া দূবৰিৰ দলিচাত হৰিণীৰ চঞ্চল গতি; নৈৰ দাপােণত মুখ চাই তথা লাগি পানী পিয়া হৰিণৰ নীৰৱ নিশ্চল, শান্ত চাৱনি; জুৰিৰ বুকুত কুলু কুলু সুৰৰ ঝঙ্কাৰ। ওপৰত কুসুমিত বিৰিখৰ ছন্দময় হেন্দোলনি। কেনে মনােৰম, চিত্তাকর্ষক শৰতৰ এই বিনন্দীয়া ৰূপ।

হেমন্ত ঋতুতঃ শৰতৰ সৌন্দর্যময় ৰূপৰ ঝলকত হেমন্তৰ বুকুত যেন জ্বলি উঠে হিংসাৰ দাবানল। সৌন্দর্য্যৰ মােহময়, মায়াময় মাধুৰ্য্যৰ বুকুত ধ্বংসৰ নিষ্ঠুৰতা সানি দিবলৈকে হিমৰ কণাৰে। প্রকৃতিৰ বুকুত অন্ধকাৰ আৱৰণ তৰি দিয়ে; প্রকৃতি ধূসৰ হয়, অসমী ধূসৰ হয়, শাৰী শাৰী নীলাচল; কিন্তু পুৱা অৰুণৰ হেঙুলীয়া আভাই হিম-কণাৰ বুকুত সাতৰঙী ৰামধেনুৰ সৃষ্টি কৰি মুহূৰ্ত্ততে প্রকৃতিক কৰি তােলে বিচিত্রময়ী। বিস্তীর্ণ পথাৰত লখিমীয়ে সােণােৱালী সাজোনেৰে সাজে, কাচোনেৰে কাচে, অপৰূপ নাচোনেৰে নাচে; সােণগুটিবােৰ হিমৰ আৱৰণেৰে, অৰুণৰ হেঙুলীয়া আভাৰে মুকুতা হৈ জিলিকি পৰে। হেমন্তৰ আকাশত ৰাজহাঁহ, শৰালিৰ কলধ্বনিৰ কোলাহল। পৃথিৱীত সােণ গুটি মাণিকী মধুৰী জহাৰ মৌ মতলীয়া গােন্ধ। হেমন্তৰ প্ৰকৃতিৰ কি যে এক অলৌকিক খেলা।

শীতকালতঃ হেমন্তক হেঁচুকি শীত আহে শমনৰ কঠোৰতা লৈ। পথাৰ উৰুঙা হয়, শিমলু লঠঙা হয়। শীতল নিষ্ঠুৰ পৰশত তৰুলতাবােৰ উলঙ্গ হয়; নীলাচল বাকলি বসন পৰিধান কৰি ভস্মাচল হয়; নদ-নদী জান-জুৰি নীৰৱ নিস্তব্ধ হয়; কিন্তু অর্পোলঙ্গ মহাদেৱাে শিৱ ৰূপে দয়া, ক্ষমা, কৰুণাৰ আধাৰ হৈ বৰদাতা আশুতােষ ৰূপে। সুন্দৰ হােৱাৰ দৰেই প্ৰকৃতিৰ এই উলঙ্গ ৰূপৰ মাজতাে আছে। সৌন্দৰ্য্যৰ অপূৰ্ব্ব সম্ভাৰ; শিমলু, পলাশ, মদাৰৰ লঠঙা ৰূপত জিলিকে ৰক্ত পুষ্পদল; শৰতৰ আকাশৰ শুধ বগা চমক চমক ডাৱৰৰ দৰেই, লঠঙা গছৰ ডালত জাক জাক কুঁৱলীৰ লুকা-ভাকু, ভুমুকা-ভুমুক। বৰফৰ বিন্দু বিন্দু কণিকাই হিমালয়ৰ বুকুত হােলী খেলাৰ দৰেই শীতৰ কুঁৱলীয়ে গছৰ ডালত হােলী খেলে।

বসন্ত কালতঃ “শীত হলে অন্ত, আহিব বসন্ত।” শীত শেষ হয়; বসন্ত আহে। মধু বসন্তৰ শুভাগমনৰ অগ্রদূত কুলি, কেতেকী, মইনা, সখিয়তী, দহিকতৰাৰ ডালে ডালে মধুৰ কাকলি, অস্ফুট কুজন, নৃত্যৰ মূৰচ্ছনাৰ লগে লগে শীতৰ হেঁচাত উলঙ্গ হৈ থকা তৰু, লতা, তৃণৰ আগত জিলিকি উঠে কোমল কুঁহিপাত; পল্লৱিত হয় সমস্ত উদ্ভিদ জগৎ। আমে মলিয়ায়, কঁঠালে মুচি পেলায়; পলাশ, পাৰিল অশােক, নাগেশ্বৰ, চম্পা, শিৰীষ, সেউতী, জাতি-যুতি, কৃষ্ণচূড়া আদি বিভিন্ন কুসুমৰাজি মুঞ্জৰিত হৈ প্ৰকৃতিৰ বুকু ফুলেৰে উপচাই জাতিষ্কাৰ কৰি তােলে।

মধুলিহৰ মধুৰ গুঞ্জনে মন মতলীয়া, প্রাণ মতলীয়া কৰি তােলে; ডালে ডালে কপৌ ফুল জিলিকি উঠে; কেতেকীৰ মৌ-মতলীয়া সুৰভিয়ে, চম্পাৰ সুধা নিঃসবিণী সৌৰভে মানৱৰ মনকুঞ্জত যৌৱনৰ লালিমা সানি দিয়ে। বসন্তৰ মধুৰ পৰশত সমগ্ৰ অসম এখনি মনােৰম কুঞ্জ কাননত পৰিণত হয়, য’ত চিৰ প্রস্ফুটিত চিৰ-কুসুমিত হয় হাজাৰ হাজাৰ ফুল; যি ফালে দৃষ্টি যায়, সেইফালেই ফুল, কেৱল ফুল। সেয়েহে জ্যোতিপ্ৰসাদৰ ভাষাত—

“সুন্দৰে যে ফুলাৰ মন্ত্ৰ অহাৰাত্ৰি মাতে সেয়েহে আজি ইমান ফুল প্রভাতে প্রভাতে।”

“গছে গছে পাতি দিলে ফুলৰে শৰাই কি ৰাম ৰাম ফুলৰে শৰাই….।”

অসমৰ প্ৰকৃতিৰ বুকুৰ এই সৌন্দৰ্য্য ঋতুৰ সমন্বয়ত গঢ়ি উঠা। কিন্তু প্রকৃতিৰ যি স্বাভাৱিক চিৰন্তন, শাশ্বত সৌন্দৰ্য্য—তাৰ পৰিৱৰ্তন নাই; সেই সৌন্দৰ্য্য স্ৰষ্টাৰ মহিমাময়ী ৰূপৰ চিৰন্তন প্রতিফলন। অসমৰ প্ৰকৃতিৰ বুকুত তাৰ দৃষ্টান্ত অলেখ অপাৰ। লুইতৰ পাৰৰ ভুৱনেশ্বৰীৰ বুকুত উঠি লুইতৰ দুয়ােকাষৰ পৰ্বত ভৈয়ামলৈ এবাৰ চকু ফুৰালে প্রাকৃতিক ৰূপৰ চমক দেখি দৃষ্টি স্থিৰ হৈ ৰয়। সু-উচ্চ এই পাহাৰৰ নামনিয়েদি গহীন-গম্ভীৰ গতিৰে বৈ যােৱা মহাবাহু লুইতখনি সর্পিল গতিৰে কাষৰ দীঘলীয়া আলিয়েদি অহা-যােৱা যান-বাহনবােৰ অপৰূপ দেখি।

অগ্নি গড়ৰ সু-উচ্চ বুকুৰপৰা—কাষেদি বৈ যােৱা লুইতখন, বিস্তীর্ণ বালুকাবাজি, য’ত সূৰুযৰ প্ৰখৰ কিৰণ পৰি হাজাৰ হাজাৰ মৰীচিকাৰ সৃষ্টি হয়, য’ত—“লুইতৰে বালি বগী ঢকে ঢকি কাছই কণী পাৰে লেখি” নীলিমা-ৰঞ্জিত দুই পাৰৰ দূৰৰ মনােৰম পাহাৰবােৰ, হালি-জালি ৰঙতে বিভােৰ হােৱা কঁহুৱাৰ ফুলবােৰ, ফাগুনৰ বাউলী পছােৱাৰ ধাৰে ধাৰে অনাই-বনাই ফুৰা কমােৱা তুলাবােৰ, সন্ধিয়াৰ আকাশত দিগন্তৰ সীমা ভেদি উৰি যােৱা বগা বগলীৰ শাৰীবােৰ কেনে মনােৰম; চিত্তাকর্ষক।

বিস্তীর্ণ নল, খাগৰি, ইকৰা,খেৰণিৰ অৰণ্যবােৰ, তাৰ মাজে মাজে সর্পিল গতিৰে কুলু কুলু সুৰে নিৰৱচ্ছিন্নভাৱে অনন্ত উদ্দেশ্যি বৈ থকা জুৰিবােৰ সেই অৰণ্যৰ মাজে মাজে ঘাঁহ খাই ঘূৰি ফুৰা হাতী-গড়-মেঠোনৰপালবােৰ, নির্জন বিলৰ পাৰে পাৰে চৰি ফুৰা গাহৰি, হৰিণৰ জাকবােৰ, শুকান ঘাঁহনিৰ আঁৰ লৈ খাদ্যৰ সন্ধানত ঘূৰি ফুৰা টেকীয়াপতীয়া, নাহৰফুটুকী বাঘবােৰ, মেঘৰ গাজনিৰ চেৱে চেৱে চালি ধৰা ময়ূৰৰ নাচোনৰ চেওবােৰ—অসমৰ প্রাকৃতিক সৌন্দৰ্য্যৰ এটি এটি জ্যোতিপুঞ্জ। হাফলং অঞ্চলৰ শাৰী শাৰী বাঁহৰ জোপাবােৰ, অসমৰ গাওঁ-ভূঁইৰ তামােলৰ শাৰীবােৰ, পাহাৰৰ দাঁতিয়ে দাঁতিয়ে যােজন বিয়পা বাগিছাৰ জোপােহা জোপােহা চাহপাতৰ গছবােৰ, তাৰ মাজে মাজে প্ৰসাৰিত ডালে পাতে সুশােভিত শিৰীষ গছবােৰ সৌন্দৰ্য্যৰ অক্ষয় ভাণ্ডাৰ।

লুইতৰ বুকুৰ মাজত শ্যামল ঘাঁহনিৰে ঢকা চাপৰিবােৰ, লুইতৰ ৰূপালী পানীৰে পৰিৱেষ্টিত ভস্মাচল পাহাৰটি নিখিল নীলিমা ব্যাপী স্ৰষ্টাৰ গৰিমাৰ মহিমাৰ ধ্বজাবাহী নীলা নীলা উত্তুঙ্গ গিৰিশৃঙ্গবােৰ, শাৰী শাৰী গিৰিমালাবােৰ, শাৰী শাৰী পাহাৰৰ মাজৰ ঠেক, দ উপত্যকাবােৰ সৌন্দৰ্য্যৰ একোটি একোটি স্ফুলিঙ্গ।

মন্তব্যঃ মুঠ কথাত প্রকৃতিয়ে অসমীক এনে অপৰূপ, শ্যামলী, বিনন্দীয়া সাজেৰে সজাই দিপ লিপ্ সুন্দৰী কন্যা সজাই জিলিকাই ৰাখিছে যে ইয়াৰ অঙ্গে অঙ্গে মনােৰম শােভা, হিয়াৰ ৰন্ধ্রে ৰন্ধ্রে কমনীয় কান্তি। সৌন্দৰ্য্যৰ স্বর্গপুৰী, নীলিম অসম ভূমি প্রকৃতিৰ বৰ জীয়াৰী।

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Essay on Assam

Students are often asked to write an essay on Assam in their schools and colleges. And if you’re also looking for the same, we have created 100-word, 250-word, and 500-word essays on the topic.

Let’s take a look…

100 Words Essay on Assam

Introduction.

Assam, a state in northeast India, is known for its wildlife, archaeological sites, and tea plantations. It’s a region of rich biodiversity and vibrant culture.

Assam is surrounded by seven Indian states and shares international borders with Bhutan and Bangladesh. The Brahmaputra River flows through it, providing fertile land.

Assam’s culture is a blend of various communities like Assamese, Bengali, Bodo, and more. Bihu is the most significant festival celebrated here.

Assam’s economy is based on agriculture, oil, tea, and tourism. The state is the largest tea producer in India.

Assam is home to several wildlife sanctuaries and national parks, including Kaziranga and Manas, both UNESCO World Heritage Sites.

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10 Lines on Assam
Paragraph on Assam

250 Words Essay on Assam

Assam, a jewel in the crown of Northeast India, is a diverse and culturally rich state. Its geographical location, unique biodiversity, and varied culture make it a fascinating study.

Geographical Significance

Assam is nestled in the lap of the eastern Himalayas, bounded by Bhutan and Arunachal Pradesh to the north, Nagaland and Manipur to the east, Meghalaya, Tripura, and Mizoram to the south, and Bangladesh and West Bengal to the west. The state is enriched by the mighty Brahmaputra river, contributing significantly to its fertile plains.

Biodiversity and Environment

Assam is renowned for its rich biodiversity. It houses two of India’s biodiversity hotspots, Kaziranga and Manas National Parks, both UNESCO World Heritage Sites. The state is also home to the one-horned rhinoceros, a species endemic to the region, symbolizing Assam’s biodiversity richness.

Cultural Diversity

Assam’s cultural landscape is as diverse as its geographical and biological features. It is a melting pot of various ethnic groups, each with its distinct traditions, languages, and cuisines. The Assamese New Year, Bihu, manifests this cultural diversity through music, dance, and food.

Assam’s economy is primarily agrarian, with tea and silk being significant contributors. Assam produces over half of India’s tea, making it a key player in the global tea industry. The state is also famous for its Assam Silk, particularly Muga, known for its durability and golden hue.

In essence, Assam is a microcosm of India’s diversity and cultural richness. Its geographical uniqueness, biodiversity, cultural vibrancy, and economic potential make it a compelling area of study, offering profound insights into India’s Northeastern frontier.

500 Words Essay on Assam

Assam, a northeastern state of India, is renowned for its rich biodiversity, cultural heritage, and historical significance. It is bordered by Bhutan and Arunachal Pradesh to the north, Nagaland and Manipur to the east, Meghalaya, Tripura, Mizoram, and Bangladesh to the south, and West Bengal to the west.

Geographical Features

Assam is characterized by the majestic Brahmaputra River, which is the lifeline of the state, providing both water resources and fertile soil for agriculture. The state’s topography is defined by the Barail hill range and the North Cachar Hills. Assam is also home to the world’s largest river island, Majuli, and Asia’s smallest inhabited riverine island, Umananda.

Biodiversity

Assam’s biodiversity is unparalleled, with several national parks and wildlife sanctuaries. Kaziranga National Park, a UNESCO World Heritage site, shelters two-thirds of the world’s one-horned rhinoceros population. Manas National Park, another UNESCO World Heritage site, is a biodiversity hotspot. These parks and sanctuaries are also home to various other endangered species like Bengal tigers, Asian elephants, and numerous bird species.

Cultural Heritage

Assam’s cultural heritage is a blend of various ethnic groups and tribes, each with its unique traditions, rituals, and festivals. The state is famous for its Bihu dance, a folk dance performed during the Bihu festival. Assam’s music, predominantly Borgeet, and Ankia Naat (a form of one-act play), created by the 15th-century scholar, saint, and cultural icon Srimanta Sankardeva, are significant cultural contributions.

Assam’s economy primarily depends on agriculture, with tea and silk being the most significant contributors. Assam produces more than half of India’s tea and is also known for its unique Muga silk. Additionally, the state has substantial petroleum resources and is home to India’s oldest oil refinery in Digboi.

Challenges and Opportunities

Despite its rich resources, Assam faces numerous challenges. Frequent floods, caused by the Brahmaputra river, lead to significant loss of life and property every year. Similarly, ethnic conflicts and political instability have hindered the state’s development. However, with proper management and strategic planning, these challenges can be turned into opportunities. For instance, the floods can be managed better to recharge groundwater, improve soil fertility, and support fisheries. Similarly, harnessing the state’s rich cultural heritage and biodiversity can boost tourism, creating jobs and supporting the economy.

Assam is a state of immense potential, with its rich natural resources, diverse cultural heritage, and strategic location. However, to fully realize this potential, it is essential to address the challenges it faces and invest in sustainable development. With the right approach, Assam can truly become a jewel in India’s crown.

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10 Historical Places in Assam: Exploring the Rich Heritage

Historical Places in Assam: Assam, a picturesque state nestled in the northeastern part of India, is not only known for its natural beauty but also for its rich historical heritage. The state is home to a plethora of historical places that have witnessed the rise and fall of civilizations, the tales of valor, and the cultural diversity that has shaped Assam over the centuries. In this article, we will take you on a captivating journey through some of the most prominent historical places in Assam, unraveling their stories and significance.

Here is the list of 10 historical places in assam :, 1. kamakhya temple: a sacred abode of the goddess.

Situated atop the Nilachal Hill in Guwahati, Kamakhya Temple stands as a symbol of devotion and spirituality. Dedicated to Goddess Kamakhya, an incarnation of Goddess Shakti, this ancient temple attracts millions of devotees every year. The temple’s unique architecture, vibrant festivals, and mystical aura make it a must-visit destination for pilgrims and tourists alike.

2. Sivasagar: The Land of Ahom Kings

Sivasagar, the former capital of the Ahom Kingdom, is a treasure trove of historical monuments. The iconic Rang Ghar, an amphitheater-style structure, once served as the royal sports pavilion. The Talatal Ghar, a remarkable seven-storied palace, showcases the architectural brilliance of the Ahom dynasty. The Shiva Doul, Joy Dol, and the Sivasagar Tank are other notable attractions that transport visitors back in time.

3. Majuli: The World’s Largest River Island

Nestled amidst the mighty Brahmaputra River, Majuli is a unique destination that boasts a vibrant cultural heritage. Recognized as the world’s largest river island, Majuli is home to several Vaishnavite monasteries known as “Satras.” These monasteries serve as centers for art, music, dance, and religious teachings. Exploring Majuli offers a glimpse into the traditional practices, art forms, and spiritual beliefs of Assam.

4. Kaziranga National Park: Where Nature and Wildlife Thrive

While primarily known for its wildlife conservation efforts, Kaziranga National Park holds historical significance too. Declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site, this vast expanse of grasslands and wetlands is home to the endangered one-horned rhinoceros. The park’s history dates back to the early 20th century, when efforts were initiated to protect this majestic species from extinction. Kaziranga’s diverse ecosystem and conservation success story make it a must-visit destination for nature enthusiasts and wildlife lovers.

5. Agnigarh: A Symbol of Love and Tragedy

Perched atop a hill in Tezpur, Agnigarh narrates a tale of love and sacrifice. According to local folklore, it is believed to be the fortress where Princess Usha was confined by her father. The panoramic views from Agnigarh Hill provide a breathtaking sight of the surrounding landscapes, including the mighty Brahmaputra River.

6. Hajo: A Confluence of Religions

Hajo, located on the banks of the Brahmaputra River, is a town known for its religious harmony. It houses three significant religious sites—the Hayagriva Madhava Temple, the Powa Mecca Mosque, and the Kedareswara Temple. These sites represent Hinduism, Islam, and Buddhism, respectively, showcasing the region’s inclusive and tolerant nature.

7. Talatal Ghar: A Fascinating Architectural Marvel

As a part of the Rangpur Palace complex, the Talatal Ghar is an architectural marvel that offers insights into Assam’s history. This underground structure served as an escape route during wars and is an intriguing example of military engineering. Exploring the intricate passages, secret tunnels, and chambers within the Talatal Ghar is like stepping back in time and experiencing the past firsthand.

8. Charaideo: The Eternal Burial Ground

Charaideo, located near Sivasagar, is a site of immense historical and cultural significance. It was the first capital of the Ahom Kingdom and served as the royal burial ground for several Ahom kings and queens. The ancient burial mounds, locally known as “maidams,” are architectural wonders that reflect the Ahom’s reverence for their ancestors.

9. Manas National Park: Where Wilderness Unfolds

Nestled in the foothills of the Eastern Himalayas, Manas National Park is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and a biodiversity hotspot. While primarily renowned for its diverse flora and fauna, the park holds historical importance as the site of the ancient kingdom of Kamarupa. The park’s scenic beauty, coupled with its historical significance, makes it a haven for nature enthusiasts, wildlife photographers, and history aficionados.

10. Umananda Island: A Tranquil Retreat

Located in the middle of the Brahmaputra River, Umananda Island is a serene escape from the bustling city life. Umananda Temple, devoted to Lord Shiva, finds its abode on the island. The island’s tranquil surroundings, coupled with the temple’s historical and religious significance, attract visitors seeking solace and spiritual enlightenment.

Historical Places in Assam : Conclusion

These are just a few of the many historical places in Assam. Visitors to the state can learn about the rich history and culture of Assam by visiting these and other historical places.

These historical places in Assam offer a glimpse into the past of Assam and its people. They are a testament to the rich culture and heritage of the state. Visitors to Assam can learn about the history and culture of the state by visiting these historical places.

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18 Mesmerizing Places To Visit In Assam

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Known for its warm and hospitable people, breathtaking natural beauty, and biodiversity, Assam is a beautiful state in Northeast India that stretches along the Brahmaputra River and it has its own distinctive aromas, festivals, food, and places.

Assam is a stunning land known as the tea capital of India where you can love the closeness with nature and feel fresh air once you set foot in Assam.

Being the gateway to the northeastern states, Assam is synonymous with astounding natural allure, teeming wildlife, exquisite tea gardens, and warm cultured people.

This beautiful Indian state is very traveler-friendly and caters to different kinds of travelers such as nature lovers, adventure junkies, and even history buffs.

Having said that, it also boasts numerous unexplored destinations that can quench the desire if you want to go off the beaten track.

Here are the 18 Mesmerizing Places To Visit In Assam:

Located 270 km from Guwahati, Diphu is a small town in the Karbi Anglong district of Assam. Diphu is somewhat considered a mini hill station as the town is situated on a hill at an elevation of about 186 m above sea level.

Picturesque location with undulating plains and low hills make Diphu an ultimate travel destination being one of the least-known hill stations in Assam whose pristine beauty of its plush green rolling hills and serene surroundings will leave you awestruck.

It is one such place that lets you enjoy in solitude the excellence of nature by allowing you to unwind and relax amidst the lush greenery around.

Diphu is also one of the most famous hill stations in Assam for trekking, hiking, and other adventures where you can trek to the highest point of Diphu to enjoy stunning views of Brahmaputra Valley.

While in Diphu you can also visit religious sites such as the Iskon temple, Shiva Mandir, and Deopani Durga mandir.

Also Check Out 3 Beautiful Places To Visit In Meghalaya’s East Garo Hills

Located about 20 km from Jorhat, Majuli is a lush green environment-friendly, pristine, and pollution-free freshwater island in the river Brahmaputra and also it is the largest river island in the world that is situated right at the heart of Assam on the turbulent waters of the Brahmaputra River.

Often claimed to be the world’s largest river island, Majuli attracts tourists from all over the world. Majuli is a place that is known to grow about 100 different types of rice among which Komal Saul is a unique one. So, don’t miss out to taste this variety of rice on your visit to Majuli.

Mostly inhabited by Tribals, the culture of Majuli is unique and quite interesting and is one of the key reasons why travelers love this place so much.

From fragments of Ahom history and culture and strong influences of Vaishnavite traditions to the mesmerizing sunsets and charming village life, Majuli has little something for each of its visitors.

3. Dibrugarh

Located 439 km from Guwahati, Dibrugarh is an industrial city surrounded by sprawling tea estates that sit on the Brahmaputra River and is home to the Radha Krishna Mandir, a Hindu temple constructed of marble.

Deriving its name from the word “Dibrumukha”, the name of the river ‘Dibru’ with the word ‘mukh’ meaning mouth, Dibrugarh is a wonder in itself with the falling Brahmaputra on one side, while on the edges of the city, the Himalayas contact down apparently, spreading its quietness.

Renowned as the “Tea City of India”, Dibrugarh has been a popular travel destination of Assam for decades at a stretch if you don’t know that.

This beautiful city is the gateway to the three tea-producing districts of Tinsukia, Dibrugarh, and Sivasagar.

So, with several tourist attractions in Dibrugarh that touch your’s religious and spiritual soul, you have the chance to enhance your cultural knowledge and experience its beautiful heritage and landscape especially when the city is loaded with nature and culture and is the destination to unwind yourself.

Also Check Out 19 Amazing Places To Visit In North Sikkim

Nestled in the northeastern part of the state of Assam along the tributary of River Brahmaputra, Jorhat is an amazing travel destination.

With its strategic location, Jorhat serves as the gateway to Upper Assam and Nagaland state.

Renowned for its vast expanded tea gardens, it is also referred to as the ‘Tea capital of Assam’. Tea plantations are the main agricultural areas around the city which also takes the shape of a tourist attraction given its simple natural charm.

Jorhat boasts of a multitude of wonderful tourist attractions that capture the imagination of every traveler. Jorhat is home to the world’s largest riverine island known as the Majuli Island.

In case you are looking for a relaxed and quiet holiday amidst nature, Jorhat would take you back to the rich historic hues of the place that is blessed with natural and cultural attractions.

Jorhat is undoubtedly a must-visit travel destination in Assam.

5. Dima Hasao

Previously known as the North Cachar Hill District and located in central Assam, Dima Hasao is a popular travel destination that is filled and loaded up with culture and scenic beauty.

A picturesque town blessed with serene natural vegetation where travelers flock to the region in pursuit of peace and tranquility.

The hilltop here offers some of the most wonderful views of the nearby Borail mountains. What’s more interesting to know is that this place is also known as the “Switzerland of the East”.

While you can visit this beautiful place whenever you want, the best time to visit is the winter season when you can enjoy your heart’s content without worrying about humidity.

Also Check Out The 7 Charming Lakes That You Must Visit In Sikkim

6. Lilabari

The small town of Lilabari located on the banks of the river Brahmaputra in Assam has a picturesque beauty.

Located 376 km from Guwahati, Lilabari is famous for its waterfront, as it is situated on the left bank of the Brahmaputra river and beautified with the breathtaking Dirang valley and Sela pass.

Lilabari is renowned for its isolation from the fast pace of modern life. This quiet place is famous for its many serene lakes, verdant valleys, and beautiful scenery.

Bomdila is the prime tourist attraction of Lilabari which is an ancient Buddhist Monastery built around 400 years back.

Besides the natural beauty and serenity, this lovely town of Lilabari also offers excellent opportunities for adventure enthusiasts where you can try activities such as trekking, hiking, mountaineering, and so on.

7. Bongaigaon

Centrally located within the state at around 180 Km northwest of Guwahati, Bongaigaon is one of the biggest industrial and commercial hubs of North East India and has also been one of the popular travel destinations of Assam. An important city of Assam, Bongaigaon was the last capital of the Kamatapur Kingdom and home to many historical monuments of Assamese culture.

The city of Bongaigaon is famous for the remnants of Buddhist culture, which can be seen in its hilly caves (also known as Gumphas) and the stone carvings of the Jogigopha hill rocks. Its picturesque cityscape is marked by undulating hills decked in a carpet of greenery, as the river Brahmaputra snakes its way around. As you delve deeper, however, the dense wilderness makes way for sundry modern structures and busy city streets.

Bongaigaon is a paradise for travelers with a penchant for natural beauty. So while in Bongaigaon, don’t forget to climb atop the Bhageshwari Hill situated within the heart of the city, to experience the divine presence at the ancient shrines of Goddess Durga and Lord Shiva from where you can also enjoy a panoramic view of the city.

8. Morigaon

Located 80 km east of Guwahati, Morigaon is the administrative headquarters of the Morigaon district that boasts rich wildlife sanctuaries, temples, markets, and beautiful locales that will be liked by you.

Enriched with a strong regional history, fascinating legends and unique traditions and culture, the town of Morigaon and the surrounding regions are home to many religious and cultural sites where the river Brahmaputra marks the northern limits of the district and the west offers the sight of snow-capped Himalayas.

Dabbed with numerous attractions and enhanced with widely varied flora and fauna Morigaon is a charming place that is known for excellence and brilliance. The go-to destination Morigoan is dotted with many attractions to keep you occupied, whether it’s a temple site or a wildlife site.

There are distinctive picturesque surroundings that will give a powerful delight to you when you visit the serene place that is known as Morigaon. Strolling in the midst of the tropical woods or close to the streams evacuates each sort of stress and is sense relieving.

Also Check Out 7 Best Places To Visit In East Sikkim

9. Haflong

Located 310 km from Guwahati and known for its beautiful Haflong hills, landscapes, valleys, and mountains, Haflong is the only hill station in Assam.

Sitting at an altitude of more than 600 m above sea level, it is one of the best places to escape when the sun is beaming with pride in the plains.

This hilly terrain is complemented with panoramic landscapes is not only a nature lover’s haven but also a place for those seeking tranquillity.

It is indeed a delight for nature lovers and an excellent place for weary souls. Boasting rich wildlife, green rolling hills, and a tranquil ambiance, Haflong offers a pretty side of Assam to behold.

10. Dhemaji

Located north of the river of Brahmaputra, Dhemaji is one of the distant districts of Assam. Dhemaji originated from two Assamese words, dhal which means flood, and dhemali means play.

The town perched near the two conjoining rivers that flow down to the Brahmaputra river which moreover branches into many tributaries. The serene location, paddy fields, temples, and culture make Dhemaji an experience in itself.

Dhemaji is a quiet getaway from the noises, troubles, and tensions of the urban areas that gives you an aura of serenity where you could simply relax and enjoy the picturesque beauty of nature.

Dhemaji is also known by the name green valley in the laps of Brahmaputra because of its location, and the tranquil fields and places are surrounded with. Abundant with rich green beauty and wonderful water bodies punctuating every place, Dhemaji is a place that is waiting to be explored.

Also Check Out The 4 Best Places To Visit In South Sikkim

11. Sualkuchi

Located at a distance of about 30 km from the city of Guwahati, Sualkuchi is a small sleepy village that displays the culture and traditions of Assam in its best form. The weaving village is, however, best known for its skills and craftsmanship for producing one of the best kinds of silk in the state and thus earning its self a nickname of ‘Manchester of East”.

At Sualkuchi, you can witness the ethnicity and rustic view of the village in form of the bamboo houses and walls covered with mud in order to maintain cool in summers and warm in winters.

Dotted with temples, namghars, and monasteries at every step – this weavers’ village amidst the lush greenery and the mountains is famous not only for the silk products but also for the scenic beauty of the land.

Situated on the northern banks of River Brahmaputra with sprawling green hills all around, Sualkuchi is a beautiful place to visit, exhibiting a charm that will leave you completely awe-inspired where its biodiversity attracts nature lovers and photographers making the village a wholesome package for travelers.

12. Goalpara

Located 140 km West of Guwahati which is about a 3-hour drive away, Goalpara is another one of the beautiful places to visit in Assam that offers lush landscapes.

The Goalpara region of Assam is one such travel goal that is invested with picturesque excellence and a few archaeological accumulations. Tourism to this part of North East India is said to be very interesting for travelers who love to explore the historical relevance of the place.

So, if you are someone who is planning a fun getaway and loves to explore sites of great historical relevance, then Goalpara is one of the best tourist places to visit in Assam for you.

And it is also, one of the best Assam destinations to relax and unwind owing to its tranquil environs.

Owing to its vast range of attractions, you will never feel bored when in Goalpara especially if you wish to go offbeat.

Also Check Out 6 Beautiful Places To Visit In Meghalaya’s East Khasi Hills

13. Karimganj

Located at a distance of 313 km from Guwahati and away from the blaring noises of cities, Karimganj is a small sleepy town of Assam steeped in the beauty of nature.

Situated in the southernmost part of the state, the region majorly consists of wetlands and farms for which it is known as one of the major agricultural districts in Assam.

There are many forests in the adjoining regions of Karimganj that are worth a visit. Not only is Karimganj is a place to relax and enjoy your time amidst serenity, but also a place for flourishing trade and commerce. The natural beauty of the small town surrounded by hills and a small meandering river flowing through it, this is Karimganj for you.

Sharing its border with Bangladesh, Karimganj district is a perfect getaway for you if you’re a nature lover who simply loves the idea of going to offbeat places, far away from the hustle-bustle of the city.

14. Hailakandi

Located 312 km south of Guwahati and nestled in the heart of Barak Valley of Assam, Hailakandi is a beautiful destination that is encompassed by River Barak and Cachar District in the northern-east, Mizoram in the southern-east and Karimganj in the west.

Hailakandi is one such travel destination in the state which is still not much explored by the travelers where the town is differentiated by fields and slopes and is associated with the state of North Cachar Hills.

A visit to this place will help you to unwind and relax with a perfect natural setting all around.

Blessed with a thick cover of lush green forest, sprawling tea gardens, lovely fruit orchards, and a gurgling river, Hailakandi has many hidden troves waiting to be explored by you.

15. Nalbari

Located at the base of the eastern Himalayas in Assam, Nalbari is a perfect getaway to explore the wilderness of nature with its vast Paddy fields and dense forests, Nalbari will give you memories to cherish later.

It is a pretty district adorned with rustic splendors making it amazing for nature travelers. The destination promises pilgrimage, rich culture, and welcoming people.

Its magnificent temples and related stories will give you a deep knowledge of mythological stories. The visually stunning festivals of the ancient temples fill the entire atmosphere of the district with energy.

This must-visit destination in Assam stands surrounded by beautiful landscapes and grand temples.

If you are planning a pilgrimage and would like to land in a destination that is a blend of religion, nature, and rich culture, Nalbari in Assam could be the perfect fit.

Also Check Out Top 10 Best Places To Visit In North India

Located literally at the heart of Northeast India, Nagaon in Assam’s hidden gem. Surrounded by flowing rivers, forested hills, rugged mountains, and lots of greenery, the air itself in Nagaon is cleaner and fresher.

Known as the Rice Bowl of the region, Nagaon is not only one of the most populated areas of Assam, but it is also one of the biggest contributors to the state economy because of the huge scale of its agricultural produce and its world-famous Agar perfume industry.

Historically, Nagaon was known as Khagarijan, but the formation of the district dates back to the 1830s.

With plenty of tourist sites that showcase both the natural beauty and historic treasures of the region, Nagaon is one of those destinations that will leave you pleasantly surprised.

17. Dipor Bil

Located in the Kamrup district of Assam, 18 km southwest of Guwahati city, Dipor Bil also spelled Deepor Beel is a freshwater lake in the former channel of the Brahmaputra river.

Beel is an Assamese local word that means lake and Dipor Bil is considered as one of the biggest lakes of the Brahmaputra valley of Lower Assam.

It is surrounded by steep highlands on the northern and southern sides and its main sources of water are the Kalmani and Basistha Rivers where you will get to see many aquatic types of vegetation which comprise the water lilies, water hyacinth, aquatic grasses, and many other types of floating vegetations.

Well known for its pristine beauty and biodiversity, the Dipor Bil offers a spectacular view of the fascinating wetland and rich forest ecosystem that you would not like to miss on your Assam trip.

Located around 200 km from Jorhat, Digboi is one of the most popular tourist destinations in Assam that has been bestowed with an eccentric amalgamation of tea, nature, wild animals, British culture, and war and boasts of a disparate experience.

Did you know? Digboi is the site where the country’s first oil refinery was set up.

Home to over 300 species of birds, along with several migratory birds, Digboi is an ideal getaway for birdwatchers.

Also, with a calm and serene ambiance, Digboi is a gorgeous place to sit by and relax, soak in the freshness and picturesque tranquility surrounding you that is quite an offbeat travel destination.

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Natural Beauty of Assam

Table of Contents

Introduction:

Assam is a place in India that is like a treasure chest of natural beauty. It’s full of amazing things that make it special. Let’s explore the natural beauty of Assam.

Lush Green Forests

Assam has vast, lush green forests. These forests are home to many animals and plants. It’s like a big, green carpet that covers the land.

Majestic Rivers

There are big rivers in Assam like the Brahmaputra. These rivers flow through the state, providing water and life to the land. They are like giant snakes slithering through the landscape.

Colorful Flowers

Assam is famous for its colorful flowers. You can find beautiful orchids, lilies, and other lovely flowers everywhere. They add vibrant colors to the scenery.

Exotic Wildlife

Assam is a home to many exotic animals like tigers, elephants, and rhinoceroses. It’s like a big zoo, but these animals live freely in their natural habitat.

Tea Gardens

Assam is known for its tea gardens. Tea leaves grow in neat rows, creating a beautiful pattern. These gardens are like big green carpets that cover the hills.

Scenic Hills

Assam has lovely hills that offer amazing views. It’s like standing on top of the world and seeing everything below. These hills are great for trekking and adventures.

Conclusion:

Assam’s natural beauty is like a painting full of green forests, majestic rivers, colorful flowers, exotic wildlife, tea gardens, and scenic hills. It’s a place where nature shows off its best colors and shapes. If you ever visit Assam, be sure to take a moment to enjoy and appreciate the incredible natural beauty that surrounds you. 0 0 0 .

Essay on Assam: Exploring the Culture and Heritage of Assam

Essay on Assam in English

Assam, the northeastern state of India, is a land of lush green hills, meandering rivers, and an abundance of flora and fauna. The state is known for its rich cultural heritage, diverse ethnic groups, and unique traditions that have been passed down from generation to generation. Assam is also famous for its tea plantations, wildlife sanctuaries, and national parks. In this essay on Assam, we will explore the state's history, culture, and attractions that make it a fascinating destination for travelers.

The History of Assam

Assam has a long and complex history that dates back to ancient times. It was ruled by various dynasties and kingdoms such as the Kamarupa Kingdom, the Ahom Dynasty, and the British Empire. The Ahom Dynasty was the longest-ruling dynasty in Assam, and their influence is still visible in the state's culture and traditions. The state was also a center of Buddhism and Hinduism, and many temples and monasteries were built during this time.

During the British rule, Assam became a major tea-producing region, and the tea plantations are still a major attraction for tourists visiting the state. Assam was also an important center for the Indian independence movement, with many leaders such as Gopinath Bordoloi and Tarun Ram Phukan leading the movement in the region.

Today, Assam is a state that is proud of its rich history and heritage. It is a place where ancient traditions blend seamlessly with modern times, making it a unique and fascinating destination for visitors.

The Culture and Traditions of Assam

Assam is known for its diverse culture and traditions, which are a blend of various ethnic groups that reside in the state. The Bodos, Mishing, Karbis, and other tribes have their distinct cultures, languages, and customs that have been preserved for centuries.

The state is famous for its music, dance, and literature. Bihu is the most popular folk dance of Assam, and it is performed during the Bihu festival, which is celebrated three times a year. Other folk dances of Assam include Jhumur, Bagurumba, and Ali-ai Ligang. Assamese music is also rich in folk traditions, with the use of instruments such as the dhol, pepa, and taal. The state has produced many renowned writers, poets, and playwrights, such as Jyoti Prasad Agarwala, Birendra Kumar Bhattacharya, and Homen Borgohain.

Assamese cuisine is known for its unique flavors and ingredients. It is a blend of different cultures and communities, and the use of herbs and spices gives it a distinctive taste. The state is famous for its fish dishes, which are cooked with bamboo shoots and mustard oil. Other popular dishes include pitha (rice cakes), luchi (puffed bread), and khaar (a dish made with banana stem and pulses).

Also Read: Essay on Arunachal Pradesh: A Land of Unmatched Beauty and Culture

The traditional attire of Assam is colorful and vibrant. The women wear the mekhela chadar, which is a two-piece garment consisting of a skirt and a shawl. The men wear dhoti and kurta or shirt.

The state also has a rich tradition of handloom weaving. The famous Assam silk is produced in the state, and it is known for its intricate designs and patterns.

Assam is also known for its festivals, which are celebrated with great enthusiasm and fervor. Bihu is the most important festival, and it is celebrated in three phases- Rongali Bihu (in April), Kongali Bihu (in October), and Bhogali Bihu (in January). Other festivals celebrated in the state include Durga Puja, Eid-ul-Fitr, and Christmas.

Overall, the culture and traditions of Assam are unique and diverse, reflecting the state's rich heritage and history.

The Cuisine of Assam

Assamese cuisine is known for its unique flavors and use of herbs and spices. The state is surrounded by hills and valleys, and its cuisine is influenced by the availability of local produce and ingredients. Assamese food is a blend of different cultures and communities, and the use of mustard oil gives it a distinctive taste.

The cuisine is dominated by non-vegetarian dishes, with fish being a staple food. The state is famous for its fish dishes, which are cooked with bamboo shoots, mustard oil, and a variety of herbs and spices. Some popular fish dishes include tenga, pitika, and masor jul. Tenga is a sour fish curry made with tomatoes, elephant apple, and lemon, while pitika is a mashed fish dish that is flavored with onions, coriander, and green chilies. Masor jul is a spicy fish curry that is made with cumin, coriander, turmeric, and ginger.

Assam is also known for its use of bamboo shoots in its cuisine. Bamboo shoots are used in a variety of dishes, including curries, pickles, and chutneys. Khar is another unique dish of Assam, which is made with banana stem and pulses. It is typically served as a side dish with rice.

Assamese cuisine also includes a variety of vegetarian dishes. Some popular vegetarian dishes include kharoli, xaak aru bhaji, and pitika. Kharoli is a lentil-based dish that is cooked with mustard greens and tomatoes, while xaak aru bhaji is a mixed vegetable dish that is flavored with ginger, garlic, and green chilies. Pitika is a mashed vegetable dish that is made with potatoes, eggplants, or pumpkin and is flavored with onions, coriander, and green chilies.

Assam is also famous for its desserts, which are made with rice flour and jaggery. Pitha is a popular dessert that is made with rice flour and stuffed with coconut or sesame seeds. Narikol Pitha is another popular dessert that is made with coconut and jaggery.

Assamese cuisine is a blend of different cultures and communities, reflecting the state's diverse and rich heritage. Its unique flavors and use of local produce make it a must-try for food lovers.

The Wildlife of Assam

Assam is known for its rich biodiversity and is home to a variety of wildlife species. The state is located in the northeastern part of India and is blessed with lush green forests, grasslands, and wetlands. The Brahmaputra River, which flows through the state, also adds to the ecological diversity of the region.

Kaziranga National Park, located in Assam, is one of the most famous wildlife sanctuaries in the world. It is home to the one-horned Indian rhinoceros, which is an endangered species. The park is also home to a variety of other animals, including tigers, elephants, wild buffaloes, and swamp deer. The park is also a bird watcher's paradise, with over 400 species of birds found in the region.

Manas National Park is another famous wildlife sanctuary in Assam. It is located in the western part of the state and is known for its rich flora and fauna. The park is home to the Bengal tiger, elephant, wild buffalo, and the one-horned rhinoceros. It is also a UNESCO World Heritage site and has been recognized for its outstanding natural beauty.

Nameri National Park, located in the northern part of Assam, is another wildlife sanctuary that is known for its diverse wildlife. The park is home to the clouded leopard, elephant, gaur, and several species of birds. The park is also famous for its trekking trails and river rafting facilities.

Apart from these national parks, Assam is also home to several wildlife reserves and sanctuaries, including Pobitora Wildlife Sanctuary, Orang National Park, and Dibru-Saikhowa National Park. These sanctuaries are known for their unique flora and fauna and provide a natural habitat for a variety of animals and birds.

The wildlife of Assam is a unique and diverse treasure. The state's lush green forests and wetlands provide a perfect natural habitat for a variety of animals and birds. It is a must-visit destination for wildlife enthusiasts and nature lovers.

The Tea Plantations of Assam

Assam is known worldwide for its tea plantations and is the largest tea producing state in India. The state is home to over 800 tea gardens that produce high-quality tea that is exported to different parts of the world. The tea gardens of Assam are a major attraction for tourists, and the scenic beauty of these gardens is breathtaking.

The history of tea production in Assam dates back to the early 19th century when the British introduced tea cultivation in the region. Today, tea cultivation is the primary occupation of the people living in the region. The tea gardens are spread over an area of over 200,000 hectares, and the state produces over 600 million kg of tea annually.

The tea grown in Assam has a distinct flavor and aroma and is known for its strong, full-bodied taste. The tea is grown in low-lying regions of the state, and the fertile soil and humid climate provide ideal conditions for tea cultivation. The tea gardens are situated amidst scenic locations, and the vast expanses of green tea bushes create a mesmerizing landscape.

The tea industry is a major contributor to the economy of Assam, providing employment to over a million people. The tea gardens also promote eco-tourism, and many tea estates offer tours of their facilities, including tea tasting sessions and visits to the tea processing factories.

Some of the most famous tea gardens in Assam include the Dibrugarh Tea Estate, the Margherita Tea Estate, and the Jorhat Tea Estate. These tea gardens produce high-quality tea that is exported to different parts of the world.

The tea plantations of Assam are a major attraction for tourists, and the state's tea industry is a significant contributor to the economy. The scenic beauty of these tea gardens and the unique flavor of the tea produced here make it a must-visit destination for tea lovers and nature enthusiasts.

The Festivals of Assam

Assam is known for its vibrant culture and rich traditions, which are reflected in the various festivals celebrated throughout the year. These festivals are an integral part of the state's social and cultural fabric and showcase the diversity and ethnicity of the people of Assam.

Bihu is the most famous festival in Assam and is celebrated three times a year - Rongali Bihu, Kati Bihu, and Bhogali Bihu. Rongali Bihu is celebrated in April, and it marks the beginning of the Assamese New Year. It is a seven-day festival, during which people perform traditional dance and music, and indulge in feasting and merrymaking. Kati Bihu is celebrated in October and is also known as the Kangali Bihu or the Poor Bihu. It is a simple festival where people pray for a good harvest and light lamps in their homes. Bhogali Bihu, also known as Magh Bihu, is celebrated in January and is a harvest festival where people indulge in feasting and bonfire.

Another famous festival in Assam is Durga Puja, which is celebrated in October and is dedicated to the Hindu goddess Durga. It is a ten-day festival, during which people worship the goddess and perform traditional dance and music. The festival culminates in Vijayadashami, where the idol of the goddess is immersed in water.

Ambubachi Mela is a unique festival that is celebrated in the Kamakhya Temple in Guwahati. It is a four-day festival that is dedicated to the Hindu goddess Kamakhya, and is celebrated during the monsoon season. The festival marks the annual menstruation cycle of the goddess, and during this time, the temple remains closed.

Other festivals celebrated in Assam include the Brahmaputra Beach Festival, Bwisagu Festival, Ali-Ai-Ligang Festival, and Baishagu Festival. These festivals celebrate the state's rich cultural heritage and traditions, and showcase the diversity of the people of Assam.

The festivals of Assam are a celebration of the state's rich cultural heritage and traditions. These festivals are a time for people to come together and indulge in feasting, music, and dance. The vibrant and colorful celebrations of these festivals make Assam a must-visit destination for travelers who want to experience the culture and traditions of the state.

Short Essay on Assam in English

Assam is a state located in northeastern India, known for its natural beauty, rich cultural heritage, and diverse ethnic groups. It is surrounded by the foothills of the Himalayas to the north and the Brahmaputra River to the south.

Assam is famous for its tea plantations, and the state is one of the largest tea producers in the world. The lush green tea gardens spread across the state are a sight to behold. The Kaziranga National Park, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, is also located in Assam. It is home to the one-horned rhinoceros and several other endangered species.

The state is home to several tribes and communities, including the Assamese, Bodo, Karbi, and Mishing, among others. Each community has its unique traditions, cuisine, and festivals. The Bihu festival, celebrated in January, April, and October, is one of the most important festivals of Assam. The festival marks the onset of the harvest season and is celebrated with great enthusiasm across the state.

Assam's cuisine is a blend of various cultures, and the use of bamboo shoots and mustard oil is a common feature in many dishes. The traditional Assamese thali is a must-try for anyone visiting the state. Assam's handicrafts, such as bamboo and cane products, silk fabrics, and pottery, are also popular.

The state has a rich history, and several ancient monuments and temples can be found here. The Kamakhya Temple, located on a hill in Guwahati, is one of the most revered temples in the country. The temple is dedicated to Goddess Kamakhya and attracts thousands of devotees every year.

Assam has made significant progress in recent years in terms of infrastructure development, education, and healthcare. The state has several prestigious educational institutions, including the Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati and the Assam Medical College. The government has also taken several initiatives to promote tourism in the state, and Assam is emerging as a popular destination for travelers from across the world.

Assam is a unique state that offers a perfect blend of natural beauty, cultural diversity, and rich history. A visit to Assam is sure to leave you mesmerized and wanting to come back for more.

10 Lines Essay on Assam

Assam is a state located in the northeastern part of India.
It is known for its rich cultural heritage and diverse ethnic groups.
Assam is surrounded by the foothills of the Himalayas and the Brahmaputra River.
The state is one of the largest tea producers in the world and has lush green tea gardens.
Assam is home to several tribes and communities, each with its unique traditions and festivals.
The Bihu festival, celebrated in January, April, and October, is one of the most important festivals of Assam.
The state's cuisine is a blend of various cultures, and the use of bamboo shoots and mustard oil is common in many dishes.
Assam has several ancient monuments and temples, including the Kamakhya Temple in Guwahati.
The state has made significant progress in terms of infrastructure development, education, and healthcare.
Assam is emerging as a popular destination for travelers from across the world, thanks to its natural beauty and rich cultural heritage.

Q: Where is Assam located?

A: Assam is located in the northeastern part of India.

Q: What is Assam famous for?

A: Assam is famous for its tea plantations, natural beauty, diverse ethnic groups, and rich cultural heritage.

Q: What is the major river that flows through Assam?

A: The Brahmaputra River is the major river that flows through Assam.

Q: What is the traditional festival of Assam?

A: The Bihu festival is the traditional festival of Assam. It is celebrated in January, April, and October and marks the onset of the harvest season.

Q: What is the cuisine of Assam like?

A: The cuisine of Assam is a blend of various cultures and includes the use of bamboo shoots and mustard oil in many dishes. The traditional Assamese thali is a must-try for anyone visiting the state.

Q: What are some popular tourist attractions in Assam?

A: Some popular tourist attractions in Assam include the Kaziranga National Park, the Kamakhya Temple in Guwahati, and the tea gardens.

Q: What is the state of education and healthcare in Assam?

A: Assam has made significant progress in terms of infrastructure development, education, and healthcare. The state has several prestigious educational institutions and has taken initiatives to improve healthcare facilities.

Q: What is the future of tourism in Assam?

A: Assam is emerging as a popular destination for travelers from across the world, and the government is taking several initiatives to promote tourism in the state. The future of tourism in Assam looks promising.

Assam is a unique and beautiful state in northeastern India that offers a perfect blend of natural beauty, diverse cultures, and rich history. The state's tea plantations, lush green forests, and diverse ethnic groups make it a popular destination for travelers from across the world. Assam's progress in terms of infrastructure development, education, and healthcare is commendable.

The government's initiatives to promote tourism in the state are likely to further boost the state's economy and provide employment opportunities to the local population. A visit to Assam is a must for anyone looking for an unforgettable experience of India's diverse cultural and natural heritage.

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2. Sivasagar: The Land of Ahom Kings

3. Majuli: The World’s Largest River Island

4. Kaziranga National Park: Where Nature and Wildlife Thrive

5. Agnigarh: A Symbol of Love and Tragedy

6. Hajo: A Confluence of Religions

7. Talatal Ghar: A Fascinating Architectural Marvel

8. Charaideo: The Eternal Burial Ground

9. Manas National Park: Where Wilderness Unfolds

10. Umananda Island: A Tranquil Retreat

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