thesis in chinese meaning

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What is the translation of "thesis" in Chinese?

"thesis" in chinese, thesis {noun}.

• volume_up 学位

(thesis) oral defense {noun}

• volume_up 论文答辩

Translations

• open_in_new Link to source
• warning Request revision

Context sentences

English chinese contextual examples of "thesis" in chinese.

These sentences come from external sources and may not be accurate. bab.la is not responsible for their content.

Monolingual examples

English how to use "thesis" in a sentence, synonyms (english) for "thesis":.

• dissertation
• thermometric
• thermonuclear warhead
• thermoplastic
• thermosphere
• thermostabilization
• thick aroma
• thick as hail
• thick eyebrows

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Chinese translation of 'thesis'

Video: pronunciation of thesis.

Examples of 'thesis' in a sentence thesis

In other languages thesis.

• American English : thesis / ˈθisɪs /
• Brazilian Portuguese : tese
• Chinese : 论点
• European Spanish : tesis
• French : thèse
• German : These
• Italian : tesi
• Japanese : 主張
• Korean : 논지
• European Portuguese : tese
• Latin American Spanish : tesis
• Thai : ข้อสมมุติ, ข้อวินิจฉัย

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Lingvanex - your universal translation app, translation meaning & definition of the word "thesis" into chinese (traditional) language, 將“論文”一詞的含義和定義翻譯成中文（傳統）語言.

• dissertation

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Translations for „ thesis “ in the English » Chinese Dictionary (Go to Chinese » English )

Thesis <theses [ˈθiːsiːz] > [ˈθiːsıs] n, usage examples with thesis, monolingual examples (not verified by pons editors).

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• thermos bottle
• thermos flask

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• 典藏國際漢學博士論文摘要資料庫 (International Chinese Studies Doctoral Dissertation Abstracts Database)
• Index to Theses...Accepted for Higher Degrees by the Universities of Great Britain and Ireland

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• China Research Gateway (CRG) This link opens in a new window CRG is a centralized means for discovery and access to a breadth of Chinese resources, including scholarly journals, monographs, statistical publications, government documents, newspapers, dissertations, patents, and more.

• National Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations in Taiwan 臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統 Includes citations, abstracts, and some full text of dissertations and theses from Taiwan institutions. Please note that you need to create a free account with the site in order to access the full-text content.

Theses & Dissertations in Western Languages

• ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global This link opens in a new window Database of dissertations and theses, including more than 1 million available full-text (PDF).
• International Chinese Studies Doctoral Dissertation Abstracts Database 典藏國際漢學博士論文摘要資料庫 Provides citations to 10,000+ dissertations from North American and West European institutions on Chinese studies. Useful for finding dissertations from Europe.
• Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (NDLTD) Collection of international open access electronic theses and dissertations.
• Open Access Theses and Dissertations This link opens in a new window Database of free, open access full-text graduate theses and dissertations published around the world.
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East Asian Graduate Handbook

Dissertation style and format, asu dissertation assistance, selective websites on dissertation prospectus, books on dissertation writing @ library to get you started.

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• WorldCat This link opens in a new window more... less... Alternate titles: OCLC WorldCat
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• Dissertations & Theses Global This link opens in a new window more... less... Alternate titles: ProQuest Dissertations and Theses Global
• ASU East Asian Graduate Handbook This handbook provides general information on degree requirements as well as academic standards, policies, and procedures
• The Chicago Manual of Style, 17th Edition This is the electronic version of the17th edition of the Manual (2017). ASURITE ID and password are required.
• MLA handbook, 8th Edition Print version. Available in 7 ASU libraries. The eighth edition (2016) of the MLA Handbook is the authoritative source for MLA style.
• ASU Graduate College Format Manual This manual is designed to assist graduate students who must produce a thesis, dissertation or equivalent under the supervision of their committee chair and successfully defend it as part of their degree requirements. This manual identifies Arizona State University’s specific format requirements and contains instructions for meeting these requirements.
• Purdue OWL Its webpage on "Research and Citation Resources" provides basic guidance on different citation styles.
• Online Dissertation Writing Camp Registration Form The Online Dissertation Writing Camp is available to ASU doctoral students who are working on writing their prospectus for defense or who have reached candidacy in an ASU doctoral program.
• Graduate Writing Tutoring Graduate students can work with graduate writing consultants at any stage of the writing process to hone their writing skills
• Workshops and Webinars Every semester, the Graduate Writing Centers will host special workshops and webinars on graduate students' dissertation writing, conference proposal, literature review, and more.
• The Chronic of Higher Education: Demystifying the Dissertation Proposal
• Department of East Asian Studies, Univ. of Toronto: The Dissertation Prospectus
• Inside Higher Ed: Path to the Prospectus
• Department of Comparative Studies, Ohio State University: Dissertation Prospectus
• University of Oregon: Tips for preparing a dissertation prospectus
• Yale Center for Teaching and Learning The Yale Graduate Writing Lab has collected a number of useful resources and samples from prospectus to dissertation for your reference.

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Bibliographical information of 100,000 Chinese dissertations; first 24 pages of content maybe available.

​ National Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations in Taiwan 臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統

National Central Library (NCL) provides free on-line services to general public on theses and dissertation of academic degrees, including citation information, abstracts and some full-text works.

Hong Kong University Theses Online (香港大学论文在线)

HKUST Electronic Theses (香港科技大学学位论文)

HKUST Electronic Theses contains full images of the doctoral dissertations and master's theses for most of our postgraduate students. Access to the database is available globally.

EThOS  (British Library) EThOS (Electronic Theses Online Service) makes United Kingdom theses available by harvesting e-theses from institutional repositories and digitizing paper theses on-demand. You have to create a free account to select and download the free theses.

Dissertations/Theses Index

• ProQuest Dissertations & Theses (1861 - ) The complete range of academic subjects appearing in dissertations accepted at accredited institutions since 1861. Abstracts included from July 1980; abstracts for masters theses beginning Spring 1988. Updated monthly. You might also want to look at Dissertations & Theses @ Washington University in St. Louis .

Chinese dissertation and theses database (from CNKI)

Wanfang Data (万方数据) Databases of journals, dissertations, and conference proceedings (access to abstracts only)

典藏國際漢學博士論文摘要資料庫 International Chinese Studies Doctoral Dissertation Abstracts Database (Center for Chinese Studies, National Central Library (Taiwan)) It has indexed and created abstracts for 9,000 dissertations from North America and Europe relating to Sinology.

Dissertation Reviews-China  / Dissertation Reviews-Chinese Literature

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(This is a translation of the official version in Chinese.In case of any discrepancy, the Chinese version shall prevail.)

As important documents in the scientific research field, Master’s theses and PhD dissertations (collectively known as graduate theses) are the main basis to judge the academic level of degree applicants and to grant the corresponding degrees. In order to specify the format of graduate theses at Shanghai Jiao Tong University, the regulations are hereby formulated for reference in accordance with the national standard Presentation of theses and dissertations .

Article 1 Basic Requirements

A graduate thesis (or one that is constituted by a series of papers) shall be a systematic and complete academic paper completed by the applicant based on the previous academic achievements in the field, under the instruction of his/her supervisor. No cheating or plagiarizing is allowed.. The graduate theses shall demonstrate clear academic insights, with accurate arguments, rigorous reasonings, reliable statistics, well-organized structures and fluent expressions. In general, the graduate theses should be written in Chinese.

Master’s theses shall carry new insights or achievements regarding the research topics, and have certain contribution to the development of the discipline, or economy and society. It should demonstrate that the author has had a solid grasp of the basic theories and systematic knowledge of the discipline, and has gained the ability to carry out scientific research and undertake professional and technological work. PhD dissertation shall reveal the innovative achievements regarding one or some aspects including material, perspective, viewpoint, methodology, theory, and so on, and have considerable contribution to the development of the discipline, economy and society. It should demonstrate that the author has had a solid and extensive grasp of the basic theories, and a thorough, systematic knowledge of the discipline, and has gained the ability to carry out scientific research independently.

Graduate theses shall use standard language, punctuation, number and units. The terminology, symbols, and codes adopted should be consistent throughout the graduate theses.

Article 2 Structure of the Graduate Theses

A graduate thesis shall comprise the following components:

(1)    Cover: The uniform cover provided by the University shall be used;

(2)    Title page;

(3)   Statement of Originality, and Copyright Authorization;

(4)  Abstracts in Chinese and English: As summary of the graduate thesis, the abstract shall highlight the innovative achievement and new insight of the graduate thesis, and describe concisely the research objectives, contents, methodology, results and conclusions. Four to six keywords shall be listed right after the abstract. The abstract should be concise and accurate, and the one in English should be in consistent with its Chinese counterpart.

(5)   Contents: As outline and subtitles for each part of the graduate thesis, the contents shall be listed in order together with the corresponding page numbers.

(6)    List of Symbols (if necessary): The meaning of the symbols and their units (or dimensions) can be described in this part.

(7)    Main body

The main body is the core part of the graduate thesis; in general it should comprise the following sections:

(a)    Introduction: As the beginning of the main body of the paper, the introduction shall be concise and compendious, and shall not resemble the abstract or work as an annotation of the abstract. Besides describing the research objective, methodology and results, a critical review of the current research in both China and abroad and the existing research achievements in relevant fields shall also be included. The introduction shall also cover the premises and tasks of the thesis work, the theoretical and experimental foundations, research scope, expected results and the issues to be solved through the thesis work based on the existing results.

(b)    Respective Chapters: The content shall be objective, authentic, well-prepared, well-arranged, logical, concise and readable. Although different disciplines may have different regulations, the academic norms generally accepted within the discipline shall be strictly followed.

(c)    Conclusion: As the end of the paper and conclusion of the whole contents, the conclusion shall be concise, accurate and complete. The innovative achievements and implication of the research within the field shall be highlighted, and some issues or suggestions related to the research can be further proposed.

(8)    Bibliography: Rigorous and realistic attitude shall be manifested in the thesis. According to the citation norms of different disciplines, the research results not of one’s own shall be listed at the end of the paper when cited.

(9)    Annotation (if necessary): Annotations, which shall not appear within the text, can be utilized as footnotes at the bottom of each page.

(10)    Appendix (if necessary): Appendix may complement the main body of the thesis.

(11) Acknowledgements: This piece of writing is a record in gratitude for the organizations and individuals who helped and supported the author when performing the thesis work.

(12) List of publications and achievements: The list may include the published (or accepted) academic papers, scientific and research achievements, patents, etc.

Article 3 Requirements of Layout, Printing and Binding

(1)    Size and font:

Level 1 heading: 16-point, bold type and Sans-serif;

Level 2 heading: 14-point, bold type and Sans-serif;

Level 3 heading: 12-point, bold type and Sans-serif;

Main body: 10.5/12-point, SimSun (Chinese) and Times New Roman (English).

(2)    Figures, annotations, bibliography and equations in the theses shall be numbered in sequence with Arabic Numerals (or within respective Chapters). The index and caption for figures shall be placed below the figure, while those for tables shall be placed on top of the table. The index for equations shall be bracketed and placed on the right side without dotted line.

(3)    Printing: The graduate theses shall be printed in A-4 size and double-sided.

(4)    Binding: The thesis submitted for archive must be bound as a book with the uniform cover provided by the University.

The Academic Degree Evaluation Committee of respective schools can define their own thesis formatting requirements according to the characteristics of the corresponding discipline.

Appendix: Shanghai Jiao Tong University Master's Degree Thesis Template (this template is for reference. Degree Assessment Committees of Colleges and departments may develop their own format templates according to the characteristics of their disciplines) . Please refer to the website of the graduate school (https://www.gs.sjtu.edu.cn/info/1136/8374.html ) for details.

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Chinese Masters Theses Collection

Theses from 2023 2023.

Insights into Chinese Second Language Acquisition: The Relationship between Glossing and Vocabulary Recall in Reading , Steven S. DeVellis, Chinese

Acquisition of Chinese Measure Words by Chinese as Second Language Learners: A Corpus-based Study of Lexical, Semantic, and Syntactic Characteristics , Yutong Feng, Chinese

Between Verb and Preposition: Diachronic Stages of Coverbs in Mandarin Chinese , Glynis Jones, Chinese

The Near-Synonymous Classifiers in Mandarin Chinese: Etymology, Modern Usage, And Possible Problems in L2 Classroom , Irina Kavokina, Chinese

Voices Against an Era: Alternative Voices, Cultural Heroics, and the Impact of He Yong and Zhang Chu on Chinese Rock Music , Peter J. Moncur, Chinese

Theses from 2022 2022

Second Language Competence and Translation Ability: An Investigation of English-native Speakers Learning Chinese as a Second Language , Chensimeng Pan, Chinese

The Different Waves of "Chineseness": Analysis of Culture References and Lyrics in Zhongguofeng Music , Austin S. Ye, Chinese

An Investigation into American University Students’ Motivation for Chinese Learning: A Case Study , Qingqing Zhang, Chinese

Theses from 2021 2021

The Acquisition of Advanced Level Chinese Heritage Language (CHL) Learners：A Comparative Analysis Concerning The Aspect Marker “LE了” , Jingjing Ao, Chinese

Self-representation in Selected Poems of Gu Taiqing (1799-1877) , Li-Ting Chang, Chinese

On Shattered Ruins: The Cultural Practices and Production of the Great Tanghsna Earthquake in Post-Mao Literature and Film , Jinhui Chen, Chinese

TBLT in Virtual L2 Classroom: Challenges, Actions and Insights , Jianan He, Chinese

Women in a Fallen City: The Rape of Nanking and The Flowers of War , Tianle Wang, Chinese

Theses from 2020 2020

LITERARY PORTRAYALS OF RELIGIOUS AWAKENING THROUGH SUFFERING AND LOSS - BUDDHIST, DAOIST, AND CHRISTIAN PERSPECTIVES , Robert Canning, Chinese

INVESTIGATION OF THE CONSONANT ENDINGS OF THE CHAOSHAN DIALECT: A RESULT OF LANGUAGE CONTACT AND HORIZONTAL TRANSMISSION , Jin Chen, Chinese

A Textbook-Based Study on Cultural Knowledge Acquisition in Learners of Chinese as a Foreign Language , Feng Gao, Chinese

Urbanlization and Internet Literature: Zhang Jiajia and His Healing Story , Shayue Qi, Chinese

Perfective Marker Dao in the Nanjiang Dialect , Kun Yue, Chinese

The Sutras as Poetry: Wang Wei's Use of Buddhist Philosophy as Poetic Image , Yan Zhang, Chinese

Theses from 2019 2019

READING AND TRANSLATING “NOW-NESS” AND “CONTINUITY” IN THE IMAGISTIC LANGUAGE OF TANG POEMS , Mei Du, Chinese

Translation Issues in Modern Chinese Literature: Viewpoint, Fate and Metaphor in Xia Shang's "The Finger-Guessing Game" , Jonathan Heinrichs, Chinese

The Morality Of Chinese Legalism: Han Fei’s Advanced Philosophy , Yuan Ke, Chinese

A Study on English-speaking Learners' Acquisition of Three Chinese Modal Auxiliary Verbs: NENG, HUI ,And KEYI , Anqi Li, Chinese

NEW WINE IN AN OLD BOTTLE: PROPAGANDA AND ADAPTATION OF THE WHITE-HAIRED GIRL IN POST-SOCIALIST CHINA , Ha Yeon Shin, Chinese

A Triad of Dilemmas in Sylvia Chang’s Films: Women in Love, Family and Society , Fanzhe Yang, Chinese

Reconsidering Diasporic Literature: "Homeland" and "Otherness" in The Lost Daughter of Happiness , Qijun Zhou, Chinese

Theses from 2018 2018

Probing into the Historical and Geographical Variants of Mandarin: A Computational Approach , Annie Chen, Chinese

Psychological with a Xuanyi Afterthought: A Translation of Cai Jun's "Kidnapped" and a Critical Introduction to His Popular Suspense Fiction , Katherine G. Holtrop, Chinese

A Study of the Intertexts in The Stone Of Goddess Nüwa (Nüwa Shi 女娲石) , Zhimo Li, Chinese

Studies on L2 Acquisition of Chinese Verbs of 'Change' by English Speakers , Baoqing Qian, Chinese

Decentralization in Wei Te-sheng's Film , Ji Wang, Chinese

ROLE-PLAY IN THE CHINESE CLASSROOM , Matthew Werth, Chinese

QUEST FOR PURE LOVE AND EQUAL RELATIONSHIP: THE GENESIS AND MEANING OF CHINESE DANMEI NOVEL , Mengwu Yun, Chinese

Theses from 2017 2017

Second Language Acquisition of Chinese Verb-Noun Collocations , Ying Cai, Chinese

Storytelling in the Age of Post-socialism: Wang Xiaoshuai’s “Third Front Trilogy” , Xuesong Shao, Chinese

A Linguistic Study on the Four Editions of Bǎijiā xìng 百家姓 in hP’ags-pa Script , Sicheng Wang, Chinese

Theses from 2016 2016

The Phonological System of A Xin'an Idiolect , Shuiying Lu, Chinese

THE HARMONIOUS CONCLUSIONS OF PEONY PAVILION & THE LUTE , Alexander McCartin, Chinese

Buddhist Depiction of Life in the Verse of the Tang Dynasty Poet Han Shan , Sijia Niu, Chinese

A Study On the Mutual Replacements of Three des in Chinese Blogs , Hui Sha, Chinese

A Textbook-Based Study on Measure Word Acquisition in Learners of Chinese as A Second Langauge , Shaofang Wang, Chinese

Genuineness and Love: A Study of Feng Menglong's Collection of Mountain Songs (Shan'ge 山歌) , Yujia Ye, Chinese

Youth Narrative in Feng Tang's The Beijing Trilogy , Mingjia Zhang, Chinese

Theses from 2015 2015

Building a Democratic Consciousness in Taiwan: An Analysis of Lung Ying-tai’s Political Essays Over Three Decades (1984–2003) , Conrad W. Bauer, Chinese

Analyzing Two Key Points of the Huaihai Campaign Using Sun Tzu's Net Assessment , Jimmy Chien, Chinese

Dwelling in the Vision of Utopia: A Politico-Religious Reading of Tao Qian , Jiani Lian, Chinese

THE LINGUISTIC ANALYSIS OF CHINESE EMOTICON , Xiangxi Liu, Chinese

The Effectiveness of Explicit Instruction Versus Implicit Instruction Method on Chinese Grammar Acquisition , Fuyang Peng, Chinese

Theses from 2014 2014

An Investigation of Native and Non-Native Chinese Language Teachers and Their Pedagogical Advantages , Thomas Burns, Chinese

Acoustic Analysis of the Tones in the Shantou Dialect , Danni Li, Chinese

A Study on the Acquisition of Chinese Directional Complements , lin lin, Chinese

Inferring Word-Meaning, Morpheme-Based, and Word-Based Second Language Vocabulary Teaching Methodologies , Qingli Liu, Chinese

An Investigation of Chinese Learners' Acquisition and Understanding of Bushou and Their Attitude on Formal In-Class Bushou Instruction , Yan P. Liu, Chinese

THE PHONOLOGICAL CHARACTERITICS AND THE HISTORICAL STRATA OF THE QIANJIANG DIALECT , Liyan Luo, Chinese

Theses from 2013 2013

The Reflexes of Middle Chinese Zhi and Zhao Initials in Modern Mandarin and Wu Dialect , Yu-jung Liang, Chinese

Study on Shan Gui: From Religious Text to Visual Representations , Le Lu, Chinese

The History of the Introduction of Chinese Language and Culture into the American Higher Education System , Chelsea H. Nakabayashi, Chinese

The Foundations of Teaching Chinese as a Foreign Language: An Investigation of Late 19th Century Textbooks , Lena Pearson, Chinese

The plural forms of personal pronouns in Modern Chinese , Baoying Qiu, Chinese

A Translation of Qiu Miaojin's "The Crocodile Diaries" , Alexandra Valencik, Chinese

The Use of Multimedia Material in Teaching Chinese as a Second Language and Pedagogical Implications , Zhongyuan Williams, Chinese

Dialects into Films----The Element of “Dialect” in Chinese Films , Shun Yao, Chinese

The Comparison Of Meaning-inferred, Meaning-given, And Sentence Translation Methods For Chinese Vocabulary Teaching , Yani Zeng, Chinese

A Comparative Study of the Effectiveness of Input-based Activities And Output-based Activities on the Acquisition of Chinese Language , Xiaolei Zhang, Chinese

Theses from 2012 2012

A Diachronic and Synchronic Examination of the Disposal Construction in Min and Mandarin Chinese , Chunching Chang, Chinese

The Artist as Creator: The Theory of Art in Du Fu's Poems about Paintings , James H. Edwards, Chinese

Danmei Literature as Indicator of Social Change: A Sociocultural Analysis of Xiao Chun’s Collide , Patrick l. Hamilton, Chinese

Xunzian Political Philosophy: Pioneering Pragmatism , Brandon King, Chinese

Motivation of Chinese Language Learners: A Case Study in a Intermediate Chinese Class , Hong Yan, Chinese

The Phonological Features of Sino-Khitan and Its Relations to the Origin of Northern Mandarin , Man Zhang, Chinese

Theses from 2011 2011

The Phonological Features and the Historical Strata of the Heyang Dialect , Xiaoying Li, Chinese

The Effects of Recasts and Explicit Feedback on Chinese Language Acquisition in the Task-based Classroom , Lei Yang, Chinese

Theses from 2010 2010

Teaching Character Formation Rationales with a Computer-Assisted Courseware , Bo Feng, Chinese

Expressions of Self in a Homeless World: Zhang Dai (1597-1680?) and His Writings in the Ming-Qing Transition Period , Wenjie Liu, Chinese

Readings Of Chinese Poet Xue Tao , Lu Yu, Chinese

Theses from 2009 2009

A Record of the Defense of Xiangyang's City Wall, 1206-1207 , Julie J. Avery, Chinese

The Pursuit and Dispelling of Holy Heterosexual Love: from "Love Must Not Be Forgotten" to Wu Zi , Li Li, Chinese

Bai Juyi's poems about women/ , Xiaohua Liu, Chinese

Formation Of The Xikun Style Poetry , Jin Qian, Chinese

The Cfl Students’ Perspective of the Chinese Ambiguous Sentences , Ting Juan Song, Chinese

Theses from 2008 2008

Integrating multimedia into Chinese character teaching and learning for Cfl beginners/ , Weijia Li, Chinese

The Moral and Racial Socialization of Children: The Image of Wu Feng in Taiwan School Readers , Claire R. Maccabee, Chinese

A study of the standardization of Chinese writing/ , Ying Wang, Chinese

Theses from 2007 2007

Reinventing the wheel or creating a tale's genealogy? :: a comparison of twelve versions of the tale of Mulan/ , Julie Anne Lohr, Chinese

The variegated blossoms :: studies on the children characters in the literary productions of Chi Zijian/ , Xuebo Sun, Chinese

Theses from 2006 2006

A comparison of the Guodian and Mawangdui Laozi texts/ , Dan Murphy, Chinese

Theses from 2005 2005

The images of Jiangnan in Zhao Mengfu's (1254-1322) poetry/ , Li E, Chinese

Uniting the ancestors :: Cheng Minzheng (1445-1499) and the creation of the Comprehensive Genealogy of the Xin'an Cheng (Xin'an Chengshi Tongzong Shipu)/ , Neil E. Mcgee, Chinese

Theses from 2004 2004

An annotated translation of "Accounts of supernatural retribution"/ , Elliot Meier Billings, Chinese

Theses from 2003 2003

Toponyms of the Nanzhao periphery/ , John C. Lloyd, Chinese

Theses from 2002 2002

Chinese color word evolution/ , Mary E. Franck, Chinese

We undergo, we experience and we write :: an analysis of contemporary Chinese women writers and their writings/ , Yujie Ge, Chinese

Theses from 2000 2000

Role models in the contemporary Chinese essay :: Ba Jin and the post-cultural revolution memorial essays in Suixiang lu/ , Larissa Castriotta, Chinese

The 1977-1978 archaeological excavations of the Lu cemeteries at Qufu, Shandong/ , James Patrick Draine, Chinese

Purity, modernity, and pessimism :: translation of Mu Shiying's fiction/ , Rui Tao, Chinese

Theses from 1999 1999

Li Zhi (1527-1602) and his literary thought/ , Qingliang Chen, Chinese

Theses from 1998 1998

Opening the Lancang (Mekong) River in Yunnan :: problems and prospects for Xishuangbanna/ , Merrick Lex Berman, Chinese

The single-child policy and its impact on Chinese kinship terms among kindergarten children in Shanghai/ , Xiaoxue Dai, Chinese

Theses from 1996 1996

Translation of Yuan Qiongqiong's Fever, with introduction/ , Julie Felice Marcus, Chinese

Theses from 1993 1993

New features of Confucianism as seen in Lu Jia's Xinyu/ , Shaodan Luo, Chinese

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• Knowledge Base
• How to Write a Thesis Statement | 4 Steps & Examples

How to Write a Thesis Statement | 4 Steps & Examples

Published on January 11, 2019 by Shona McCombes . Revised on August 15, 2023 by Eoghan Ryan.

A thesis statement is a sentence that sums up the central point of your paper or essay . It usually comes near the end of your introduction .

Your thesis will look a bit different depending on the type of essay you’re writing. But the thesis statement should always clearly state the main idea you want to get across. Everything else in your essay should relate back to this idea.

You can write your thesis statement by following four simple steps:

• Start with a question
• Write your initial answer
• Develop your answer
• Refine your thesis statement

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Table of contents

What is a thesis statement, placement of the thesis statement, step 1: start with a question, step 2: write your initial answer, step 3: develop your answer, step 4: refine your thesis statement, types of thesis statements, other interesting articles, frequently asked questions about thesis statements.

A thesis statement summarizes the central points of your essay. It is a signpost telling the reader what the essay will argue and why.

The best thesis statements are:

• Concise: A good thesis statement is short and sweet—don’t use more words than necessary. State your point clearly and directly in one or two sentences.
• Contentious: Your thesis shouldn’t be a simple statement of fact that everyone already knows. A good thesis statement is a claim that requires further evidence or analysis to back it up.
• Coherent: Everything mentioned in your thesis statement must be supported and explained in the rest of your paper.

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The thesis statement generally appears at the end of your essay introduction or research paper introduction .

The spread of the internet has had a world-changing effect, not least on the world of education. The use of the internet in academic contexts and among young people more generally is hotly debated. For many who did not grow up with this technology, its effects seem alarming and potentially harmful. This concern, while understandable, is misguided. The negatives of internet use are outweighed by its many benefits for education: the internet facilitates easier access to information, exposure to different perspectives, and a flexible learning environment for both students and teachers.

You should come up with an initial thesis, sometimes called a working thesis , early in the writing process . As soon as you’ve decided on your essay topic , you need to work out what you want to say about it—a clear thesis will give your essay direction and structure.

You might already have a question in your assignment, but if not, try to come up with your own. What would you like to find out or decide about your topic?

For example, you might ask:

After some initial research, you can formulate a tentative answer to this question. At this stage it can be simple, and it should guide the research process and writing process .

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Now you need to consider why this is your answer and how you will convince your reader to agree with you. As you read more about your topic and begin writing, your answer should get more detailed.

In your essay about the internet and education, the thesis states your position and sketches out the key arguments you’ll use to support it.

The negatives of internet use are outweighed by its many benefits for education because it facilitates easier access to information.

In your essay about braille, the thesis statement summarizes the key historical development that you’ll explain.

The invention of braille in the 19th century transformed the lives of blind people, allowing them to participate more actively in public life.

A strong thesis statement should tell the reader:

• Why you hold this position
• What they’ll learn from your essay
• The key points of your argument or narrative

The final thesis statement doesn’t just state your position, but summarizes your overall argument or the entire topic you’re going to explain. To strengthen a weak thesis statement, it can help to consider the broader context of your topic.

These examples are more specific and show that you’ll explore your topic in depth.

Your thesis statement should match the goals of your essay, which vary depending on the type of essay you’re writing:

• In an argumentative essay , your thesis statement should take a strong position. Your aim in the essay is to convince your reader of this thesis based on evidence and logical reasoning.
• In an expository essay , you’ll aim to explain the facts of a topic or process. Your thesis statement doesn’t have to include a strong opinion in this case, but it should clearly state the central point you want to make, and mention the key elements you’ll explain.

If you want to know more about AI tools , college essays , or fallacies make sure to check out some of our other articles with explanations and examples or go directly to our tools!

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A thesis statement is a sentence that sums up the central point of your paper or essay . Everything else you write should relate to this key idea.

The thesis statement is essential in any academic essay or research paper for two main reasons:

• It gives your writing direction and focus.
• It gives the reader a concise summary of your main point.

Without a clear thesis statement, an essay can end up rambling and unfocused, leaving your reader unsure of exactly what you want to say.

Follow these four steps to come up with a thesis statement :

• Ask a question about your topic .
• Write your initial answer.
• Develop your answer by including reasons.
• Refine your answer, adding more detail and nuance.

The thesis statement should be placed at the end of your essay introduction .

Cite this Scribbr article

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McCombes, S. (2023, August 15). How to Write a Thesis Statement | 4 Steps & Examples. Scribbr. Retrieved April 16, 2024, from https://www.scribbr.com/academic-essay/thesis-statement/

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Definition of thesis

Did you know.

In high school, college, or graduate school, students often have to write a thesis on a topic in their major field of study. In many fields, a final thesis is the biggest challenge involved in getting a master's degree, and the same is true for students studying for a Ph.D. (a Ph.D. thesis is often called a dissertation ). But a thesis may also be an idea; so in the course of the paper the student may put forth several theses (notice the plural form) and attempt to prove them.

Examples of thesis in a Sentence

These examples are programmatically compiled from various online sources to illustrate current usage of the word 'thesis.' Any opinions expressed in the examples do not represent those of Merriam-Webster or its editors. Send us feedback about these examples.

Word History

in sense 3, Middle English, lowering of the voice, from Late Latin & Greek; Late Latin, from Greek, downbeat, more important part of a foot, literally, act of laying down; in other senses, Latin, from Greek, literally, act of laying down, from tithenai to put, lay down — more at do

14th century, in the meaning defined at sense 3a(1)

Dictionary Entries Near thesis

the sins of the fathers are visited upon the children

thesis novel

Cite this Entry

“Thesis.” Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary , Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/thesis. Accessed 17 Apr. 2024.

Kids Definition

Kids definition of thesis, more from merriam-webster on thesis.

Nglish: Translation of thesis for Spanish Speakers

Britannica English: Translation of thesis for Arabic Speakers

Britannica.com: Encyclopedia article about thesis

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Bennie Hawra

China's GDP rose 5.3% in the first quarter, but it doesn't mean the economic pain is over

• China's economy grew 5.3% in the first quarter of 2024, surpassing analyst expectations.
• Despite this, March retail sales and industrial output fell short of forecasts.
• China's property market is still struggling, with new home sales in the first quarter falling nearly 31%.

China reported robust economic growth for the first quarter of 2024.

The world's second-largest economy grew 5.3% in the first quarter of this year from a year ago, according to the National Bureau of Statistics — beating the 4.8% growth analysts polled by Bloomberg had forecast and the 5.2% growth it chalked up in the fourth quarter of 2023.

"We have got off to a solid start," Sheng Laiyun, the NBS's deputy director, said at a press briefing in Beijing, according to Bloomberg. He said industry was an important contributor to growth, contributing to more than one-third of first-quarter growth.

Louise Loo, the China economist at Oxford Economics, wrote in a note on Tuesday that China's economy was also supported in the first quarter by consumer spending for the Lunar New Year holidays in February.

Despite the rosy figures, a closer look at the figures indicates there's still pain ahead.

March retail sales rose 3.1% from a year ago, missing Bloomberg forecasts of 4.8% growth. Industrial output for March also missed forecasts, coming in at 4.5% — well below the 6% predicted by analysts.

"'Standalone' March activity indicators suggest weakness coming through post-Lunar New Year," Loo said.

Related stories

In particular, China's property market continued to be in the dumps amid a debt crisis , with first-quarter new home sales by value tanking nearly 31% from a year ago.

Notably, the data didn't include China's youth-unemployment rate, which hit a record high of 21.3% in June 2023 before Beijing revamped the methodology for the metric to exclude full-time students.

China is in a 'two-speed economy'

China's data dump on Tuesday reflects the country's changing economic landscape.

China's economy has traditionally relied on growth from real estate and lower-cost manufacturing. Beijing is now trying to pivot to three new drivers in the green sector: electric vehicles, solar cells, and lithium-ion batteries.

This has created a " two-speed economy " in which some sectors are doing well — but still aren't enough to offset the massive slump in the property sector, which accounts for about one-quarter of China's GDP .

"The recent economic recovery has been driven by exports. I think it is a two-speed economy," said Raymond Yeung, the chief China economist at ANZ, according to Reuters . "Domestic demand is still weak, but exports are good."

Yeung said he expected China's economy to continue on a similar path in the second quarter of the year.

Oxford Economics' Loo meanwhile expects headwinds to China's second-quarter growth as household spending normalizes and as inventory build-up is released onto the market.

China has a growth target of about 5.0% this year.

Watch: Protesters in China are trying to break out of quarantine

• Main content

Finished Papers

Adam Dobrinich

Miller Introduces the End Chinese Dominance of Electric Vehicles in America Act of 2024

Washington D.C. –  Congresswoman Carol Miller (R-WV) introduced the  End Chinese Dominance of Electric Vehicles in America Act of 2024.  This legislation would tighten the Foreign Entity of Concern (FEOC) definition for the 30D electric vehicle (EV) tax credit and prohibit Chinese companies from accessing U.S. tax dollars.  “China, or any adversary for that matter, should not have any access to American tax credits. Narrowing the definition of the Foreign Entity of Concern expands opportunities for American manufacturing while protecting our resources and our people. The Biden Administration’s dedication to the Chinese Communist Party embarrasses the United States, and Congress must lead when Joe Biden refuses to. The End Chinese Dominance of Electric Vehicles in America Act will close key loopholes in Treasury's EV credit guidance to ensure American tax dollars are kept here at home, and not in the pockets of our strategic adversaries,”  said Congresswoman Miller.     Click  here  for bill text.    Background: 

• In September 2023, the Commerce Department issued rules that defined a Foreign Entity of Concern (FEOC) when it comes to the Semiconductor supply chain. In December 2023, The Department of Treasury issued similar FEOC guidance for the EV tax credit, but left glaring loopholes that would allow Chinese entities to capture American tax dollars. 
• Specifically, the bill closes the ‘Billionaire Loophole’, which would allow wealthy Chinese business owners to directly receive American tax dollars if they invest in American EV projects and closes the ‘Chinese Manufacturing Loophole’, which would prevent China from leveraging its battery supply chain dominance to produce upstream materials, parts, and intellectual properties that are eligible for the 30D credit.
• The bill is a continuation of Congresswoman Miller’s efforts to  protect American advanced manufacturing  to ensure that nations who aim to weaken the United States, including China, do not receive American tax credits.

• Cambridge Dictionary +Plus

Meaning of thesis in English

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• I wrote my thesis on literacy strategies for boys .
• Her main thesis is that children need a lot of verbal stimulation .
• boilerplate
• composition
• dissertation
• essay question
• peer review

You can also find related words, phrases, and synonyms in the topics:

thesis | Intermediate English

Examples of thesis, collocations with thesis.

These are words often used in combination with thesis .

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Translations of thesis

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Word of the Day

balancing act

a difficult situation in which someone has to try to give equal amounts of importance, time, attention, etc. to two or more different things at the same time

Binding, nailing, and gluing: talking about fastening things together

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