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Presented here is a selection of theses and dissertations from the School of Law. Please note that this is not a complete record of all degrees awarded by the School.

This material is presented to ensure timely dissemination of scholarly and technical work. Copyright and all rights therein are retained by authors or by other copyright holders. All persons copying this information are expected to adhere to the terms and constraints invoked by each author's copyright. In most cases, these works may not be reposted without the explicit permission of the copyright holder.

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Challenges and limitations of granting legal personality to distributed/decentralized autonomous organizations , development of international shipping standards under the auspices of the imo and their implementation in practice: a case study of thailand , adequacy of the ex post armed attack framework of the jus ad bellum in relation to the evolving means and methods of warfare , governing disputed maritime areas , what we say when we criminalise: a metanormative inquiry , testamentary law in england, c. 1450-1540 , sovereign immunity from execution of foreign arbitral awards in the 21st century , conceptualizations of addiction in harm reduction strategies for effective and ethical uk drug policy , liminality and the lived experience of law in medicine: the legal consciousness of physicians in encounters with people living as undocumented migrants , contested citizenship and statelessness in question: an anlysis of cases of overseas taiwanese people and tibetan exiles in taiwan , eternity and the constitution: the promise and limits of eternity clauses , hate speech in the british press: a theoretical and practical assessment of the case for broader regulation , liberty versus security under illiberal constitutionalism: the legality of criminalising humanitarian assistance in hungary and greece , operationalising ‘publicness’ in data-intensive health research regulation: an examination of the public interest as a regulatory device , worldmaking powers of law and performance: queer politics beyond/against neoliberal legalism , development of law of the sea by unclos dispute settlement procedures: towards a coherent jurisprudence , evaluating the european union's response to online misinformation and disinformation: how to address harm while maximising freedom of expression , reconciling reverse burdens of proof with the presumption of innocence: a new approach , uses of roman law in the construction of the concept of possession in the german-speaking countries in the nineteenth century , paths of effectiveness, fairness and legitimacy for eliciting public confidence in policing and cooperation with the police in monterrey metropolitan neighbourhoods .

Master thesis International and European Law

To complete the Master's Program International and European Law, students of both tracks (International Law and Global Governance, and European Law and Global Risk) must write an individual LLM thesis (12 ECTS) in International or European Law.

The Master's thesis must fulfil the following requirements:

• The LLM Thesis must be written in English.
• The LLM Thesis must be the outcome of individual work.
• The LLM Thesis should contain 12.500 words (+/- 10%), excluding citations, table of contents, indexes, summary, bibliography (and appendices, if included).

For all students in the track International Law and Global Governance, thesis supervision is structured via the compulsory course called Research Design and Methods for Postnational Lawyers (RePL).

Learning goals

By researching and writing an individual LLM thesis in International or European law, students will:

• Learn how to formulate a feasible research question by distinguishing core questions from minor issues
• Learn how to choose a methodology and to design a research project, which are well suited to answer the formulated research question
• Engage in self-study to follow and assess legal developments in the field of thesis research
• Learn how to articulate and critically analyse a complex legal problem
• Learn how to formulate sound conclusions based on the conducted research.

Students will start to work on their LLM thesis projects in the first semester of the program. The thesis trajectory includes three feedback moments: two group meetings and one individual feedback meeting. The timeline for completing the thesis is a fixed one, and it is announced in the LLM thesis manual (available on Canvas).

The first step of the thesis trajectory is the thesis sign-up process, which will be announced and managed via Canvas. Based on students’ preferences and supervisors’ capacity, students will be assigned to a thesis circle. Each circle will consist of a group of students writing on a related topic.

In the first semester, there will be two thesis circle meetings. These are meetings where all students working on a related topic meet and receive oral feedback from their supervisors on the proposed research project. During these thesis circles, the following subjects will be discussed: the choice of subject, the formulation of the research question, the design of the thesis.

After the second thesis circle meeting, students must submit a thesis proposal that will be assessed by the supervisor. The approval of the thesis proposal is an essential step to continue the thesis trajectory.

In the second semester, students are entitled to one individual meeting, which is generally used to discuss two substantial thesis’ chapters.

Deadlines to submit both the thesis proposal and the complete thesis are set at the program level.

Thesis defense

After finishing and submitting the final version of their LLM thesis, students will orally defend the thesis. The defense will take 50 minutes. During this time students will be asked to briefly (maximum 10 minutes) present the topic, and to outline the methodology and findings of the thesis. Subsequently the defense committee will ask the student several questions about the thesis. The defense committee consists of the student’s supervisor and a second reader – both employed at the Law Faculty of Tilburg University.

More information in Osiris and Canvas

For more information on the thesis trajectory, please consult Osiris (690933-M-12) and Canvas.

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Master Thesis in Public International Law

• 15 credits cr.
• Gå till denna sida på svenska webben

Master Thesis in Public International Law is the final course in the master's programme in International Law.

The course Master Thesis in Public International Law is given within the framework of the Master of Laws Programme in International Law at the Department of Law, Stockholm University.   Read more about the Master of Laws Programme in International Law

This course is the final course in the Master of Laws Programme in International Law. During the course, students will carry out an independent project, qualifying them to conduct further research in the field. Students will plan and write an essay in a clearly defined subject area within international law. Compared to the courses offered during the first semester of the master's programme in international law, this last course aims to further develop and deepen both method and subject-matter. The research project will consist of a single coherent thesis and shall not be divided into different memoranda. The thesis is an individual research project and as such shall be written independently.  

Course structure

Follow the links below to read more about the course details. Syllabus - Master Thesis in Public International Law

Teaching format

Instruction is given in the form of seminars, lectures and thesis supervision. The thematic focus of the thesis, as well as the relevant supervisor, are decided upon during the previous elective specialisation course.  

Examination is carried out when students present and defend their thesis at an examination seminar. The final grade in the course is based on the thesis.   

Course reports

• Course report JU705M AU 2023
• Course report JU705M SP 2023
• Course report JU705M SP 2022

More information

Learning platform.

During the course, registered students will receive additional course information on the Athena learning platform.

https://athena.itslearning.com/

The Department

Read more about education at the Department of Law at Stockholm University on our homepage.

Education - Department of Law  

LL.M. Public International Law [email protected]  

Course coordinator:   Sara Freeman

Course manager:   Mark Klamberg

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Every year Stockholm University welcomes thousands of international students from all over the world. Each bringing their own backpack full of experiences, expectations and dreams. Each with their own story.

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• Degrees and Programs

LLM in International Legal Studies

Become a part of the broadest, most diverse and dynamic program in international law and global governance of any school in the world.

Watch: Lautaro Furfaro LLM ‘22 on how the International Legal Studies program made him a better academic.

More than 15 full-time professors comprise our  core international and comparative law faculty , unsurpassed in the depth of their knowledge and engagement. Our Global Faculty —celebrated scholars in their home countries invited to teach at NYU—and New York practitioners augment this deep bench of expertise.

Our professors teach and research in: 

Chinese and East Asian Law Comparative Constitutional Law EU Law and Regional Integration Global Governance and Administrative Law Global Law and Tech History of Int'l Law Human Rights and Int'l Criminal Law Int'l Climate, Environmental and Energy Law

Int'l Legal Theory Int'l, Regional and Bilateral Trade Int'l/Transnational Litigation and Arbitration Investment and Investor-State Arbitration Law of War and Post-Conflict Reconstruction Law and Development Transitional Justice UN and Int'l Organizations Law

Flexible Curriculum

You'll build expertise in several different areas of international, comparative, and global law to equip yourself to deal with cross-cutting issues that call for innovative approaches. Your professors will help you explore your intellectual interests within this broad field, and define the direction of your future professional development.

View Degree Requirements

Special Programs

Three of our centers and institutes offer special programs for students in particular areas of international and comparative law:

• Transitional Justice Leadership Program
• Human Rights Scholars Program
• Salzburg Cutler Fellowship
• USALI Student Scholars Program

Clinics, Colloquia, and Research Opportunities

You can apply to gain hands-on experience in our clinics and externships . In our colloquia , you'll be exposed to emerging scholarship and engage with authors writing about today's issues. This year, there are five courses of each type for students in this specialization.

You also can develop your scholarship in close consultation with a professor. Writing opportunities include: a paper for a class, an independent research project, or this degree's 4-credit thesis option. The annual  International Law and Human Rights Emerging Scholarship Conference  features students' writing.

Intellectual Life

A significant number of our centers and institutes do impactful work in international and comparative law; they convene a calendar events and organize programs for students. Student groups and journals connect JDs and LLMs with common interests.

Centers and Institutes

Bernstein Institute for Human Rights Center for Transnational Litigation, Arbitration, and Commercial Law Center for Human Rights and Global Justice Guarini Institute: Global Law and Tech Institute for International Law & Justice Jean Monnet Center for International and Regional Economic Law & Justice NYU Center for Cybersecurity Reiss Center on Law and Security US-Asia Law Institute

Student Groups & Journals

Africa Law Association Asia Law Society International Arbitration Association International Law Society International Refugee Assistance Project Journal of International Law and Politics Law Students for Economic Justice National Security Law Society

Career Resources

Get ready for your next career move as you prepare to join NYU Law's network of 40,000+ alumni:

• The Office of Career Services supports your private sector job search.
• The Public Interest Law Center assists with your future public service career.
• Apply for post-graduate fellowships for LLMs in human rights or international finance and development.
• Explore the fully-funded JSD program , research fellowships at some of our centers and institutes , and the Law School's academic career fellowships .
• Learn more about the path from NYU to the New York bar .

Meet the 2023-24 Faculty Director

J.H.H. Weiler   Joseph Straus Professor of Law European Union Jean Monnet Chaired Professor

Joseph Weiler's research and teaching focus on international law, the law of the European Union and the WTO, and the interface between religion and law. He has most recently served as President at the European University Institute in Florence, Italy. Read more about Professor Weiler

© 2024 New York University School of Law. 40 Washington Sq. South, New York, NY 10012.   Tel. (212) 998-6100

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Public International Law

3 Tracks to choose from within this Master's Programme

6th time in a row one of our graduates won the François Prize for the best Dutch PIL Master's thesis

This Master’s programme in Public International Law (PIL) will equip you with a broad range of legal tools to address current legal concerns facing the world. PIL is a flexible programme that offers you many options, both during your study period and in your career possibilities post-graduation. As an added benefit, the international mix of students in this programme means that you – by working together – will actually offer each other personal "comparative" insights on international law.

Three specialisation tracks 

​In today’s globalised world, public international law addresses complex, challenging issues that touch everyone’s lives. In the PIL programme, you will explore common themes of public international law with the option to take a specialisation in three tracks:

• Conflict and Security
• Human Rights
• Oceans, the Environment and Sustainability

Would you like to know more about studying Public International Law at Utrecht University? Have a look at our movie to get an impression.

Multidimensional Teaching and Research

You will build relevant and current skills by studying actual cases facing the International Court of Justice and other international dispute settlement institutions. You will develop your argumentation abilities in moot courts, among other training methods, and learn to apply your knowledge of the law to real-life situations. This academic and challenging English-taught LLM programme reflects the Law School’s multi-dimensional approach to legal teaching: developments in public international law are best seen from a broad perspective.

Active, self-designed learning

Our Master’s programme in Public International Law offers you active learning methods in which your own interests, ambitions and aims will guide your learning experiences. Your lecturers take a supportive role in this self-created, individualised approach to your studies. In the Capita Selecta modules and in your own specialisation, you will be trained in the essential skill of how to quickly deepen your knowledge of a current, specialised legal topic. From the very beginning, you will also take part in research and thesis training that prepares you to write your Master’s thesis, the culmination of your LLM programme.

Specific knowledge, broad perspectives

This Master's programme provides you with thorough and highly individualised training that will prepare you for a legal career in an international environment. You will particularly develop your academic and practical abilities through taking part in moot courts, visiting international courts and other institutions and undertaking research focused on your thesis. You will also learn to reflect critically on current legal dilemmas, pertaining to human rights, environment and security, presented by our globalised and interdependent world. Whether you aim to build a career as a diplomat, attorney or policy officer in national government, researcher, legal advisor in an NGO or governmental organisation, or attorney in the legal department of a multinational corporation business, you will learn to work effectively and ethically in the complex world of public international law.

What does this Master entail?

During your studies, you will:

• Craft your own study path by customising your programme through a specialisation and selecting different modules offered within Capita Selecta.
• Examine real-life cases from pending legal proceedings of the International Court of Justice and other international dispute settlement mechanisms.
• Take advantage of the cutting-edge public international law research emerging from the Utrecht University School of Law, in particular from the Netherlands Institute for the Law of the Sea (NILOS), the Netherlands Institute for Human Rights (SIM) and the Utrecht Centre for Water, Oceans and Sustainability Law (UCWOSL).
• Receive focused training in conducting research and writing your thesis.
• Participate in small-scale classes, meaning more interaction time with lecturers and other students.
• Take part in a Master's programme that is distinguished by its close connections with international courts (notably the International Court of Justice and the International Criminal Court and the Dutch Ministry of Foreign Affairs). 

The perfect location

Utrecht is more than just a well-established classical university. It is a vibrant town where Dutch history, a cosmopolitan population and an active student network meet. Every year, students from all over the world come to Utrecht and have the experience of a lifetime. Why not join them?

Utrecht University Heidelberglaan 8 3584 CS Utrecht The Netherlands Tel. +31 (0)30 253 35 50

HLS Dissertations, Theses, and JD Papers

S.j.d. dissertations, ll.m. papers, ll.m. theses, j.d. papers, submitting your paper to an online collection, other sources for student papers beyond harvard, getting help, introduction.

This is a guide to finding Harvard Law School (“HLS”) student-authored works held by the Library and in online collections. This guide covers HLS S.J.D Dissertations, LL.M. papers, J.D. third-year papers, seminar papers, and prize papers.

There have been changes in the HLS degree requirements for written work. The library’s collection practices and catalog descriptions for these works has varied. Please note that there are gaps in the library’s collection and for J.D. papers, few of these works are being collected any longer.

If we have an S.J.D. dissertation or LL.M. thesis, we have two copies. One is kept in the general collection and one in the Red Set, an archival collection of works authored by HLS affiliates. If we have a J.D. paper, we have only one copy, kept in the Red Set. Red Set copies are last resort copies available only by advance appointment in Historical and Special Collections .

Some papers have not been processed by library staff. If HOLLIS indicates a paper is “ordered-received” please use this form to have library processing completed.

The HLS Doctor of Juridical Science (“S.J.D.”) program began in 1910.  The library collection of these works is not comprehensive. Exceptions are usually due to scholars’ requests to withhold Library deposit. 

• HLS S.J.D. Dissertations in HOLLIS To refine these search results by topic or faculty advisor, or limit by date, click Add a New Line.
• Hein’s Legal Theses and Dissertations Microfiche Mic K556.H45x Drawers 947-949 This microfiche set includes legal theses and dissertations from HLS and other premier law schools. It currently includes about 300 HLS dissertations and theses.
• Hein's Legal Theses and Dissertations Contents List This content list is in order by school only, not by date, subject or author. It references microfiche numbers within the set housed in the Microforms room on the entry level of the library, drawers 947-949. The fiche are a different color for each institution.
• ProQuest Dissertations and Theses @ Harvard University (Harvard login) Copy this search syntax: dg(S.J.D.) You will find about 130 SJD Dissertations dated from 1972 to 2004. They are not available in full text.
• DASH Digital Access to Scholarship at Harvard Sponsored by Harvard University’s Office for Scholarly Communication, DASH is an open repository for research papers by members of the Harvard community. There are currently about 600 HLS student papers included. Unfortunately it is not possible to search by type of paper or degree awarded.

The Master of Laws (“LL.M.”) degree has been awarded since 1923. Originally, the degree required completion of a major research paper, akin to a thesis. Since 1993, most students have the option of writing the LL.M. "short paper."  This is a 25-page (or longer) paper advised by a faculty supervisor or completed in conjunction with a seminar.  Fewer LL.M. candidates continue to write the more extensive "long-paper." LL.M. candidates holding J.D.s from the U.S. must write the long paper.

• HLS Written Work Requirements for LL.M. Degree The current explanation of the LL.M. written work requirement for the master of laws.

The library generally holds HLS LL.M. long papers and short papers. In recent years, we require author release in order to do so. In HOLLIS, no distinction is made between types of written work created in satisfaction of the LL.M. degree; all are described as LL.M. thesis. Though we describe them as thesis, the law school refers to them solely as papers or in earlier years, essays. HOLLIS records indicate the number of pages, so at the record level, it is possible to distinguish long papers.

• HLS LL.M. Papers in HOLLIS To refine these search results by topic, faculty advisor, seminar or date, click Add a New Line.

HLS LL.M. Papers are sometimes available in DASH and Hein's Legal Dissertations and Theses. See descriptions above .

The HLS J.D. written work requirement has changed over time. The degree formerly required a substantial research paper comparable in scope to a law review article written under faculty supervision, the "third year paper." Since 2008, J.D. students have the option of using two shorter works instead.

Of all those written, the library holds relatively few third-year papers. They were not actively collected but accepted by submission from faculty advisors who deemed a paper worthy of institutional retention. The papers are described in HOLLIS as third year papers, seminar papers, and student papers. Sometimes this distinction was valid, but not always. The faculty deposit tradition more or less ended in 2006, though the possibility of deposit still exists. 

• J.D. Written Work Requirement
• Faculty Deposit of Student Papers with the Library

HLS Third Year Papers in HOLLIS

To refine these search results by topic, faculty advisor, seminar or date, click Add a New Line.

• HLS Student Papers Some third-year papers and LL.M. papers were described in HOLLIS simply as student papers. To refine these search results, click "Add a New Line" and add topic, faculty advisor, or course title.
• HLS Seminar Papers Note that these include legal research pathfinders produced for the Advanced Legal Research course when taught by Virginia Wise.

Prize Papers

HLS has many endowed prizes for student papers and essays. There are currently 16 different writing prizes. See this complete descriptive list with links to lists of winners from 2009 to present. Note that there is not always a winner each year for each award. Prize winners are announced each year in the commencement pamphlet.

The Library has not specifically collected prize papers over the years but has added copies when possible. The HOLLIS record for the paper will usually indicate its status as a prize paper. The most recent prize paper was added to the collection in 2006.

Addison Brown Prize Animal Law & Policy Program Writing Prize Victor Brudney Prize Davis Polk Legal Profession Paper Prize Roger Fisher and Frank E.A. Sander Prize Yong K. Kim ’95 Memorial Prize Islamic Legal Studies Program Prize on Islamic Law Laylin Prize LGBTQ Writing Prize Mancini Prize Irving Oberman Memorial Awards John M. Olin Prize in Law and Economics Project on the Foundations of Private Law Prize Sidney I. Roberts Prize Fund Klemens von Klemperer Prize Stephen L. Werner Prize

• Harvard Law School Prize Essays (1850-1868) A historical collection of handwritten prize essays covering the range of topics covered at that time. See this finding aid for a collection description.

The following information about online repositories is not a recommendation or endorsement to participate.

• ProQuest Dissertations and Theses HLS is not an institutional participant to this collection. If you are interested in submitting your work, refer to these instructions and note that there is a fee required, which varies depending on the format of submission.
• EBSCO Open Dissertations Relatively new, this is an open repository of metadata for dissertations. It is an outgrowth of the index American Doctoral Dissertations. The aim is to cover 1933 to present and, for modern works, to link to full text available in institutional repositories. Harvard is not one of the institutional participants.
• DASH Digital Access to Scholarship at Harvard

Sponsored by Harvard University’s Office for Scholarly Communication, this is an open repository for research papers by members of the Harvard community. See more information about the project. 

Some HLS students have submitted their degree paper to DASH.  If you would like to submit your paper, you may use this authorization form  or contact June Casey , Librarian for Open Access Initiatives and Scholarly Communication at Harvard Law School.

• ProQuest Dissertations and Theses (Harvard Login) Covers dissertations and masters' theses from North American graduate schools and many worldwide. Provides full text for many since the 1990s and has descriptive data for older works.
• NDLTD Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations Union Catalog Worldwide in scope, NDLTD contains millions of records of electronic theses and dissertations from the early 1900s to the present.
• Law Commons of the Digital Commons Network The Law Commons has dissertations and theses, as well as many other types of scholarly research such as book chapters and conference proceedings. They aim to collect free, full-text scholarly work from hundreds of academic institutions worldwide.
• EBSCO Open Dissertations Doctoral dissertations from many institutions. Free, open repository.
• Dissertations from Center for Research Libraries Dissertations found in this resource are available to the Harvard University Community through Interlibrary Loan.
• British Library EThOS Dissertation source from the British Library listing doctoral theses awarded in the UK. Some available for immediate download and some others may be requested for scanning.
• BASE from Bielefeld University Library Index of the open repositoris of most academic institutions. Includes many types of documents including doctoral and masters theses.

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• Last Updated: Sep 12, 2023 10:46 AM
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Master Thesis, EU Law and International Humanitarian Law

In 2016 the EU has launched its Global Strategy that has proclaimed its role of Global Security Actor in responding to new global changes. The Russian annexation of Crimea, the scheduled British withdrawal from the EU and the election of Trump as US President have all given a new impetus to it. Being more and more engaged in different scenarios, the EU has been also active regarding situations and scenarios that could relate the EU Law to the IHL. In this regard, the EU has declared that, among its values, it pursues the promotion and the ensuring respect for International Humanitarian Law (IHL). This commitment has been confirmed in the Guidelines, that represents the only document at disposal of the EU to guide its actions in ensuring respect for IHL. The study evaluates to what extent the EU is acting in accordance with the activities listed in the “Guidelines” in order to ensure respect of International Humanitarian Law, and, in doing so it takes into consideration the EU actions in the Middle-East and Maghreb between August 2017 and August 2018.

Related Papers

A Companion to European Union Law and International Law

Djemila Carron

IOSR Journal Of Humanities And Social Science

Roberto Luiz SILVA

The present article aims to analyze the observance of International Humanitarian Law by the European Union. Firstly, the paper aims to identify the norms of International Humanitarian Law in the legal order of the European Union. Thereafter, the applicability of International Humanitarian Law is outlined. Subsequently, an analysis is made of the promotion of International Humanitarian Law by the European Union. Lastly, it concludes that the European Union acknowledges International Humanitarian Law in its legal order and military operations, mainly in case of armed conflicts. However, it is in the promotion of the observance of International Humanitarian Law that the European Union plays its most relevant role.

Applying International Humanitarian Law in Judicial and Quasi-Judicial Bodies International and Domestic Aspects

Samuel Hartridge

Since at least the Tehran Conference of 19681 there has been a growing recognition that international human rights law (‘‘IHRL’’) applies in situations of armed conflict. Any doubt about this has largely been removed by the International Court of Justice (‘‘ICJ’’) Nuclear Weapons advisory opinion, but the exact nature of the relationship between IHRL and international humanitarian law (‘‘IHL’’) is far from certain. This chapter will examine cases brought before the European Court of Human Rights (‘‘ECtHR’’ or ‘‘the Court’’) that have arisen from situations of armed conflict and assesses the engagement of the Court with IHL. It will consider whether it was either open to or necessary for the Court to apply IHL in order to interpret rights under the European Convention on Human Rights (‘‘ECHR’’ or ‘‘the Convention’’) and if so, whether the Court did, in fact, consider IHL. A survey of the leading judgments reveals a reluctance of the Court to engage with general principles and rules of IHL in order to give content to rights under the ECHR. This can either be seen as a missed opportunity to develop both legal regimes in a mutually supportive way or, alternatively, as an appropriate outcome of a court exercising a clearly defined jurisdiction. The chapter begins with a brief exposition of the context in which the Court decides on violations of rights under the ECHR. The Court’s jurisdiction is the interpretation of Convention rights and this means that there is no direct jurisdiction to consider IHL. However, the interpretive context in which the Court operates arguably requires at least some advertence to IHL. After a brief discussion of why this is so, the chapter will then proceed to examine particular cases that arise out of situations of armed conflict. The second section will discuss the case law on the general applicability of the Convention in situations of armed conflict, its extraterritorial application as well as its applicability in non-international armed conflicts (‘‘NIACs’’) within the territory of a State Party. The final section will examine the substantive and procedural content of the right to life and the right to be free from arbitrary detention.

Sami Kiiski

The Global Human Rights Regime has undergone significant changes since the United Nations was founded. The world has shifted from state-centric thinking to emphasizing the protection of individual rights. The Post-Cold War era has seen some of the most egregious violations of human dignity, yet also the establishment of the International Criminal Court. Step by step improvements have taken place. Protection of Civilians against mass atrocities has improved despite serious setbacks. Responsibility to Protect (R2P) is the norm that is the product of the long development of International Law and Humanitarian Law. R2P is the lens that this dissertation uses to analyse the compatibility between UN and EU approaches to protecting civilians against mass atrocities. These two organisations are important norm setters in the field of Human Rights. Nevertheless this multilateral rules-based system is challenged by emerging powers that are not fully convinced that a Western based system is best for them. Different consultative groups are becoming more interesting to great powers and emerging powers and this may possibly weaken the current multilateral system with the consequence that ad hoc decisions take stronger role and Human Rights issues will be marginalised. This is where the differences between UN and EU might become helpful. The supranational and more flexible character of the EU might keep the Human Rights on world’s agenda if it manages to promote effective multilateralism.

Luca Pantaleo

The relationship between International Humanitarian Law (IHL) and European Union legislation on anti-terrorism remains to be fully settled by the Court of Justice of the European Union. In particular, the application of EU anti-terrorism measures to non-State actors that are involved in an armed conflict has given rise to controversy. According to a strict interpretation of the principle of lex specialis, IHL should be regarded as the only set of rules governing the conduct of hostilities. The imposition of economic sanctions against a party to an armed conflict would therefore be incompatible with the said principle. In its LTTE judgment issued in 2014, the General Court rejected this interpretation and decided to uphold the sanctions despite finding that the entity subject to them was involved in an armed conflict. In its recent ruling, A. and Others, the CJEU confirmed the findings of the General Court. This article welcomes the CJEU's decision insofar as it reaffirmed the distinct purpose of Framework Decisions and Common Positions as separate legal instruments, and the lex specialis relationship of the latter with IHL. Although the CJEU affirms-albeit only indirectly-that IHL is indeed lex specialis in the context of armed conflict, it qualifies that position. The author analyses such qualification, concluding that IHL can only be applied as lex specialis to situations of armed conflict if there is a conflict of norms between anti-terrorism sanctions prescribed by European Union law and IHL itself.

Giulia Gentile

Master's thesis

Petri Freundlich

Ahmed Kokhi

For a long time the debate over the relationship between the Law of Armed conflict and International Human Rights Law has occurred specifically targeting on how these two laws can complement each other. This account serves to elaborate the fundamental irreconcilable differences between the above mentioned Laws specifically looking into Status, Equality, how the Law can limit the brutality of war and lastly moral purpose. The US took a firm position after the September 11 attack. They addressed the question of the relationship between the International Humanitarian Law and the Human Rights Law by endorsing a displacement approach to situations between the two laws. The Government announced that the Human Rights Law had no role in situations of armed conflict and the International Humanitarian Law would entirely displace the Human Rights Law. Basically this led to the emerging of two controversial questions that enquired of: When does International Humanitarian Law apply identifying the presence of Armed Conflict

in Aurel Sari and Ramses A. Wessel (eds.), Human Rights in EU Crisis Management Operations: A Duty to Respect and to Protect?, Cleer Working Paper Series 2012/6, Asser Institute, pp. 21-37.

Gentian Zyberi

This paper focuses on the applicability of general international law principles and instruments to European Union (EU) peace missions (also known as crisis management operations). First, the paper shall address the legal framework applicable to EU peace missions, including general principles and instruments of international human rights and humanitarian law. Subsequently, the focus will shift to difficulties which arise in this regard, before providing some concluding remarks. Evidently, in view of the nature of peace missions, the most relevant general principles and instruments applicable are those pertaining to international human rights and international humanitarian law. Although not discussed here, general principles applying to internally displaced persons (IDPs) are also relevant.

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THESES > uOttawa

A dissertation or thesis presents the author's research and findings for submission in support of their academic degrees. Thesis topics normally present a new discovery or an area in which the author is personally interested. You will find lot of new academic ideas, so theses are absolutely worthwhile to explore.

The University of Ottawa Library gives you access to theses from the University of Ottawa and other institutions. The following titles are examples of theses in international law.

• The notion of Equity in the Determination of Maritime Boundaries and its Application to the Canada-United States Boundary in the Beaufort Sea. - St-Louis, Carole, author Call Number: Available online Publication Date: Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Ottawa, 2014. Format: E-Thesis
• The Politics of Torture, Human Rights, and Oversight : The Canadian Experience with the UN's Optional Protocol to the Convention Against Torture (OPCAT) - Holmes, Erin author Call Number: Available online Publication Date: Thesis (M.A.)--University of Ottawa, 2013. Format: E-Thesis
• The Principle of Integration in Sustainable Development Through the Process of Treaty Interpretation: Addressing the Balance Between Consensual Constraints and Incorporation of Normative Environment - Hagiwara, Kazuki author Call Number: Available online Publication Date: Thesis (L.L.M.)--University of Ottawa, 2013. Format: E-Thesis
• The Nature of the Relationship between American Multinational Corporations and Chinese Businesses and Its Effect on the Problem of Intellectual Property Law - Radonjic, Katarina. Call Number: Available online Publication Date: Thesis (L.L.M.)--University of Ottawa, 2012. Format: E-Thesis

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LL.M thesis topics

On this page you can find an overview of all our LL.M thesis topics or Master theses in English.

Do you want to write your LL.M thesis on a human rights topic? Choose one of these topics and contact the relevant supervisor. Do you want to write a Master thesis in English? First consult the Plato list.

All subjects in the domain of human rights or transitional justice in which the student applies a socio-legal perspective ann integrates a substantial empirical component (qualitative and/or quantitative) to examine the law “in practice”.

Across Europe and around the world, issues of memory and old monuments are being revisited. The shift of historical narratives resulted in the loss of social consensus about the past and interpretation of history. Since monuments are among the most visible expressions of history they have appeared in the middle of contestation and heated debates. […]

This research deals with the impact of prosecution of “minor offences” on people living in poverty in Europe. Through case studies (criminalization of beggars, SyRI case in the Netherlands etc. ), it explores whether minor offences – which are usually punished by outstanding fines with minimum procedural rights – are compatible with the ECHR (more […]

The sovereign debt crisis could have a direct impact on human rights, especially when they are framed within a programme of austerity, and tension between the ‘market justice’ and ‘social justice’ occurs. The aim of the thesis is to study the different human rights legal discourses surrounding the latest cases of sovereign debt restructurings.

Lately, the ‘Facebook Oversight Board’ and other private mechanisms of human rights accountability have been established. The Oversight Board of Facebook was created to review the lawfulness of certain ‘emblematic’ content moderation decisions taken by the social media platform. The Board comprises 20 representatives of civil society, including academics, human rights experts, and journalists. It […]

Regional human rights courts can organize so-called fact-finding missions when confronted with human rights violations. Both the Inter-American and African Court of Human Rights may, if necessary, organize such missions when confronted with cases involving gross and/or large-scale violations of human rights, while the European Court of Human Rights seems to have become rather  reticent […]

Human rights defenders around the world are being killed, especially in Latin-American countries. How is the Inter-American human rights system responding to this cruel reality?

During the past years worldwide human rights defenders are being targeted for doing their job. Such attacks may be of a physical, but also of a psychological nature, and they may target the human rights defenders themselves and/or their families. This study aims to evaluatie what kinds of legal mechanisms exist under international law, i.e. […]

Particular focus on Myanmar/Sri Lanka or Cambodia. Language requirement ENG.

Focus on the Mediterranean or boat pushbacks in Southeast Asia. Language requirement Eng.

Study of the marginalisation of certain regions in the TJ process, looking into the importance of socio-economic rights in ICL. Language requirement ENG.

In 2010 Marie-Benedicte Dembour published an article entitled ‘What are Human Rights? Four Schools of Thought’ in Human Rights Quarterly. Her model posits that we do not all conceive of human rights in the same way, but that there are four main conceptions of human rights. She proposes that those who hold a ‘natural’ view […]

The summer of 2015 saw Europe hit by a refugee crisis – or some commentators say – more accurately a crisis in refugee protection. Marie-Benedicte Dembour asserts in an article forthcoming in Questions of International Law that, due to the relative weakness of its past jurisprudence concerning migrants’ rights, the European Court of Human Rights […]

Judges have to act in an impartial manner while deciding cases. The research will examine the breadth of the right to freedom of expression of judges from a cross-cutting international and regional human rights perspective, with possibly a case study.

Suggested by and with cosupervision from PICUM, the Platform for International Cooperation on Undocumented Migrants. How does the package, comprised of the Council’s Facilitation Directive and the Framework Decision, impact undocumented children and families’ ability to secure adequate housing? This research would (i) look at the EU and national legal framework criminalising landlords renting to […]

For many centuries, citizenship has been regarded as the highest degree of affiliation between an individual and a ‘self-governing’ political community’. However, in the last years, the development of programs around the globe are seeking to attract flows of foreign capital by different incentives, including granting legal membership with society in exchange for diverse types […]

During the past decades social rights have become more prominently part of legal studies. However, most studies deal with substantial violations of social rights. This study takes a procedural turn by looking at the instrument of interim measures awarded by international monitoring bodies, thereby focussing on the different UN Treaty Bodies and regional human rights […]

In present-day society indigenous peoples are one of the most vulnerable groups. This study assesses to what extent such groups can rely on interim measures before international human rights monitoring bodies, both at the UN and regional level and to what extent such measures effectively protect their rights.

Worldwide, but especially in the America’s, women human rights defenders are being targeted. Such attacks may be of a physical, but also of a psychological nature, and they may target the human rights defenders themselves and/or their families. This study aims to evaluatie what legal mechanisms are available in the ambit of the Inter-American Human […]

Could be further narrowed down to a particular focus on the UN, European or Inter-American standards of protection. Language requirement ENG & Spanish.

‘Universal jurisdiction’ is a principle of international law based on the recognition that certain crimes are so horrific that they affect the international community as a whole. Universal jurisdiction is therefore a key component in the fight against impunity. This thesis will analyze specific recent cases (for example, concerning Syria) where the principle of universal […]

Study of development of strategic litigation, the possibilities and limitations of using this approach. Language requirement ENG & Spanish.

Case study of the Tunisian court establised to adjudicate cases related to gross violations of human rights. Language requirement ENG.

This thesis will explore the interaction of the United States with the Inter-American System. In particular, it will analyse the Inter-American approach regarding migrants who are minors.

The research should focus on a legal analysis of Strasburg case law on history, when the Court was asked to rule on the so-called ‘historical situations’ (to bring justice to those accused of war crimes, to protect the rights of mass atrocities victims and their relatives, to deal with Holocaust and genocide deniers, to punish […]

Needless to say, having evidence being declared inadmissible can be devastating to a case. Two cases which ended up before the European Court of Human Rights due to the inadmissibility being contested are Cwik v Poland and R.B. v Estoni. In Cwik, the ECtHR agreed that the tape of the interrogation by a gang of […]

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Home > Student Works & Orgs > LLM Theses and Essays

LLM Theses and Essays

Submissions from 2013 2013.

Some Important Causes for Settlement in American Civil Litigation , Felipe Forte Cobo

Submissions from 2011 2011

TO REVEAL OR CONCEAL?—AN ISP’S DILEMMA, Presenting a New “Anonymous Public Concern Test” for Evaluating ISP Subpoenas in Online Defamation Suits , Cayce Myers

Submissions from 2008 2008

Infrastructure Development in Emerging Economies and the Roles Played by Multilateral Institutions , Amjad Ahasan Basheer

Universal Human Rights and Threat to International Peace and Security: The United Nations' Obligation to Intervene , Godfrey Mhlanga

Submissions from 2007 2007

Applicable Law Provisions in International Uniform Commercial Law Conventions , Paolo E. Conci

Licenses, Leases and Other Contractual Arrangements for the Exploration and Production of Petroleum A Comparative Study Between Nigeria and the United States , Omolara Elumelu

Judicial Review of International Commercial Arbitral Awards by National Courts in the United States and India , Aparna D. JUJJAVARAPU

Ethiopia's Sovereign Right of Access to the Sea under International Law , Abebe T. Kahsay

Comfort Women: Human Rights of Women from Then to Present , Jinyang Koh

Imports or Made-in-China: Comparison of Two Constitutional Cases in China and the United States , Xiao Li

Taxing Emotional Distress Recoveries: Does Murphy Show the Way? , Kaushal P. Mahaseth

The Land of the Free: Human Rights Violations at Immigration Detention Facilities in America , Caitlin J. Mitchel

International Legal Standards Governing the Use of Child Soldiers , Dorcas B. Mulira

Corporate Restrictions in Mexico and the United States , Dennis Rios

Regulating Transnational Corporation for Environmental Damage , Sonal Sahu

The Need for a Transnational Appellate Arbitral Review Body , Priya Sampath

A Consumption Tax versus a Federal Income Tax in the United States , Shelly-Ann R. Tomlinson

Financial Holding Company System and Relevant Legislation , Ye Wang

Submissions from 2006 2006

The Hamburg Rules , Kweku G. Ainuson

Tourism in Antarctica: History, Current Challenges and Proposals for Regulation , Juan Y. Harcha

Reconsidering the Medical Expert Witness System , Yunwei Jiang

A Comparative Study of the Legal Responses to Domestic Violence in the United States and Hungary , Adam Keri

Enforcement of Human Rights under Regional Mechanisms: a Comparative Analysis , Fekadeselassie F. Kidanemariam

Shareholders' Agreements in Close Corporations and Their Enforcement , Ricardo Molano Leon

A Comparative Study on the Trade Barriers Regulation and Foreign Trade Barriers Investigation Rules , Junrong Song

How to Deal with Multi-party Nominations of Arbitrators in International Commercial Arbitration - a Comparative Study of Appointment Procedures with Emphasis on U.S.-European Commerce between Private Entities , Marie-Beatrix Tupy

Balancing Regulations and Incentives for Foreign Direct Investment: a Case Study of Mexico and Kazakhstan , Dauren B. Tynybekov

Submissions from 2005 2005

The Legality of Humanitarian Intervention , Eric Adjei

A Comparative Assessment of U.S. Direct Investment in China and India , Kalpana Arjunan

Pre-contractual Obligations in France and the United States , Florence Caterini

Comparative Law: Alcohol, Drug Abuse & Jurisprudence from the United States to Korea , Hyun J. Cho

Commercial Speech in the United States and Europe , Oxana Valeryevna Gassy-Wright

Accountability of Transnational Corporations under International Standards , Lea Hanakova

Protection of "Persona" in the EU and in the US: a Comparative Analysis , Anna E. Helling

Income Tax Preferences to Foreign Investment in China since the Late 1970s , Xiaoyang Hou

Role of the World Bank and IMF in Issuing Loans to Russia: Responsibility, Tricks, Corruption, Mafia, and Important Use of Legal Enforcement , Elmira A. Makova

Governance and Responsibility of Multinational Enterprises: the Use of Codes of Conduct and Litigation to Change Multinational Enterprises' Behavior , Maria Fernanda Matach

Free Movement of Goods: a Comparative Analysis of the European Community Treaty and the North American Free Trade Agreement , Pedro A. Perichart

The Drafting Process For a Hague Convention on Jurisdiction and Judgements with Special Consideration of Intellectual Property and E-Commerce , Knut Woestehoff

The Drafting Process for a Hague Convention on Jurisdiction and Judgments with Special Consideration of Intellectual Property and E-commerce , Knut Woestehoff

Trade-related Environmental Measures and GATT: the Conflict between Trade Libralization and Environmental Protection , Fang Zheng

Submissions from 2004 2004

The Question of Non-trade Issues in the WTO from a Developing Country Perspective , Cecilia Alzamora

Cybercrime , Karissa Ayala

Protection of Children from Exploitation in West Africa: Illusion or Reality? , Afua Brown-Eyeson

Legal Structures of European Security and Defense Policy and War Powers under the U.S. Constitution , Heiko Buesing

U.S. Antidumping Law and Practices against Korean Exports , Jinwook Choi

Regulation of Hate Speech , Haiping Deng

The Institutional Framework of the European Union for the Conduct of Foreign Affairs , Frederic Eggermont

Comparison of New Zealand and United States Securities Markets through the Looking Glass of the Efficient Market Hypothesis , Carla Natalia Gargiulo

Private Party Participation in the World Trade Organizations , Taehyung Im

Issues Regarding the Most Effective Tool of U.S. Bankruptcy Law , Zeenat Kera

Contracts and Electronic Agents , Sabrina Kis

Historical Aspects of State Arbitration Policy , Elton R. Lanier

Regulating Non-territorial Commercial Environments in Territorial-based Legal Systems , Pedro Martin G. Less Andrade

Unilateral Refusals to Deal in Intellectual Property as Monopolistic Conduct , Bolanle Meshida

Comparative Analysis of Federal Income Tax Imposed on U.S. C Corporations and Russian Joint Stock Companies , Alina Y. Mitskevich

Legislation and Implementation of International Environmental Law by African Countries: a Case Study of Ghana , Brigitte L. Okley

The Challenges of Tax Collection in Developing Economies (with Special Reference to India) , Pramod K. Rai

Family Businesses, Choices of Legal Entity , Martina L. Rojo

Sound Record Producers' Rights and the Problem of Sound Recording Piracy , Stanislava N. Staykova

The Change of Corporate Governance Structure in the United States and Taiwan , Yifan Tseng

Fiduciary Duties of Directors in the Context of Going-private Transactions to the Minority Shareholders under Delaware Law , Yuan Wang

Recognition and Enforcement of International Commercial Arbitration Awards , Shouhua Yu

Submissions from 2003 2003

Interim Measures in International Commercial Arbitration: Past, Present and Future , Sandeep Adhipathi

Reservations, Human Rights Treaties in the 21st century: from Universality to Integrity , Pierrick Devidal

Technological Advances Leading to the Diminishing of Privacy Rights , Anabelle Maria D'Souza

Protection of Consumer Privacy in E-commerce , Choong L. Ha

Mergers and Acquisitions in Europe: Analysis of EC Competition Regulations , YoungJun Lee

Security Interests in Intellectual Property Rights: the Time Has Come for the Enactment of New Laws , Esteban Mazzucco

The Convergence of Trade and Environment and the Relative Role of WTO , Xiaoxi Meng

The Main Characteristics of State's Jurisdiction to Tax in International Dimension , Alfred Nizamiev

U.S. Foreign Direct Investment in Developing Countries: a Case Study of Malaysia, Mexico and South Africa , Abenaa A. Oti-Prempeh

Free movement of goods: A comparative analysis of the European community treaty and the north American free trade agreement , Pedro A. Perichart

A Historical View of Intellectual Property Rights in the Palestinian Territories , Ihab G. Samaan

Submissions from 2002 2002

An Analysis of the Duty to Negotiate in Good Faith: Precontractual Liability and Preliminary Agreement , Aarti Arunachalam

Multinational Corporations Facing the Varying Concepts of Jurisdiction : "forum non-conveniens", Contrasts between the Anglo-American and the European Law Systems , Sandrine Buttin

Minority Shareholders and Oppression in Close Corporations: Contracting as an Effective Protection Device , Marcella Machado Carneiro

Freedom of Speech, Cinema and Censorship: a Comparative Analysis of Issues of Freedom of Speech Violations as a Result of the Rating Regulation Authorities in the Motion Picture Industry in France and the United States , Stephanie Grenier

International Corporate Governance Practices and Their Implications on Investors , Namwandi Hamanyanga

Current Problems of International Taxation of Electronic Commerce , Nuran G. Kerimov

An End to the Political Question Doctrine in Korea?: A Comparative Analysis , Myeong-Sik Kim

The Evolution of the Law's Treatment of the Confessions of Mentally Disabled Criminal Suspects , John E. Knight

Public and Private Interests in Copyright Law: Creativity, Science and Democracy vs. Property and Market , Daryana I. Kotzeva

The Intra-enterprise Conspiracy Doctrine as Applied to Affiliated Corporations under Section 1 of the Sherman Act , Michael B. Menz

Privacy and Personal Data Protection in the Information Age: A Comparative Evaluation , Emeka B. Obasi

The Right to Freedom of Religion vis a vis Religious Intolerance in the New Millennium , Buihe P. Okenu

Conflict of Laws in the Enforcement of Foreign Awards and Foreign Judgments: the Public Policy Defense and Practice in U.S. Courts , Anupama Parameshwaran

Balancing Interests: Statute of Limitations and Repose in Medical Malpractice Cases , Laurie L. Paterson

A Comparison of Environmental Impact Assessment Process between the National Environmental Protection Act (NEPA) and the Basic Environmental Protection Act (BEPA) , V An Rhee

Offshore Investments , Ana Maura M. Safrin

Lawyers' Value in Mergers and Acquisitions under the New World of Multidisciplinary Practices , Yunling Wu

Submissions from 2001 2001

FAIR USE AND THE DIGITAL DISTRIBUTION OF MUSIC - RECORDING INDUSTRY ASSOCIATION OF AMERICA v. NAPSTER, INC. (A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF A RESTRAINT ON COPYRIGHT IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AND TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO) , MICHELLE LISA ALEXANDER

THE IMPACT OF MODERNIZATION AND DEVELOPMENT ON MUSLIM WOMEN IN EGYPT: A LEGAL PERSPECTIVE , MAZAHIR MUHAMMED ATA EL-SID

David vs. Goliath (2001): An Analysis of the OECD Harmful Tax Competition Policy , Truman Butler

Transfer Pricing: A Comparative Study of the French and U.S. Legal Systems , Valerie Ciancia

REFORMING CHINA'S PARTNERSHIP LAW: ACHIEVEMENTS, PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS , HONGBING FAN

SHOULD AN EFFECTIVE INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL COURT HAVE PRIMACY OR BE COMPLEMENTARY TO NATIONAL COURTS? AN ANALYSIS OF CONCURRENT JURISDICTION IN THE AD HOC TRIBUNALS AND THE ROME STATUTE , GODWIN YENIKA FONYE

Foreign Direct Investment in Colombia , Juliana Gomez

LEGALIZE IT? -OSP AND PEER-TO-PEER NETWORK LIABILITY FOR ONLINE MUSIC COPYRIGHT INFRINGEMENTS IN THE UNITED STATES AND GERMANY , CHRISTIAN NILS JOCHEN ENGELHARDT

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'International Humanitarian Law'

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Rana, Naomi. "Humanitarian intervention and the use of force." Thesis, Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1996. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B17546205.

Loos, Clemens. "The convergence and divergence of International Humanitarian Law and International Human Rights Law." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2005. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_6236_1182745813.

In this minithesis, I demonstrate that International Humanitarian Law and International Human Rights Law are two distinct but related fields of law. First, the examination deals with the instance that the aim of both branches of law, the protection of human rights, is common, but the approach to reach this aim is different. In this regard, I show numerous points of divergence of both branches of law which have their origin in the fundamentally different historical developments of International Humanitarian Law and International Human Rights Law. I give the main attention to the application of both sets of law, whereby the contractions and legal gaps of the protection of human rights become apparent. The proposals dealing with the solution of these issues are discussed. I argue that a new legal instrument for a comprehensive and compatible protection of human rights is necessary, especially in times of internal strife. Regarding the question as to whether International Humanitarian Law or International Human Rights Law should apply if both branches are applicable, I take the view to apply the roman principle of law lex specialis derogat legi generali in such a way that the more specific rule whenever they have a specific justification for dealing with specific problems is applicable. Both branches of law do not merge to one, but they converge to a harmonious relationship, where they complement each other and provide the highest protection of human rights.

Beneke, Méchelle. "The validity of humanitarian intervention under international law." Thesis, University of Port Elizabeth, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/305.

Aksar, Yusuf. "The 'ad hoc' tribunals and international humanitarian law." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1983/405a48d5-52b6-4cea-894e-30c7a402faed.

Godoy, Wilson Magdalena Sofia. "Sexual violence in armed conflict under international law: The interplay between international humanitarian law human rights law and international criminal law." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/56998.

Thomas, Kathryn Michelle. "United Nations forcible humanitarian intervention, international law and politics /." Title page, contents and abtract only, 1998. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09AR/09art4584.pdf.

Cho, Sihyun. "Applicability of international humanitarian law to internal armed conflicts." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.245162.

Provost, Rene. "International human rights and humanitarian law : fusion or confusion?" Thesis, University of Oxford, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.285439.

Kazemi, Abadi Alireza. "Reaffirmation and development of customary international humanitarian law by international criminal tribunals." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2017. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/reaffirmation-and-development-of-customary-international-humanitarian-law-by-international-criminal-tribunals(df866a57-9959-4706-888e-737e75e68d2b).html.

Sonczyk, Barbara. "The anatomy of the war crime of attacking peacekeepers under international humanitarian law and international criminal law." Thesis, University of Westminster, 2014. https://westminsterresearch.westminster.ac.uk/item/964w0/the-anatomy-of-the-war-crimeof-attacking-peacekeepersunder-internationalhumanitarian-law-andinternational-criminal-law.

Ewing, Michelle. "Justifying humanitarian intervention." Thesis, McGill University, 1993. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=26196.

Svensén, Fanny Martika. "Humanitarian visas and extraterritorial non-refoulement obligations at embassies." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Juridiska institutionen, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-137186.

Chesterman, Simon. "Just war or just peace? : humanitarian intervention and international law." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2000. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:a2f9085b-4ca9-4244-bff0-837ea5d4d74b.

Al-Suwaidi, Saif Ghanim Saif Obaid. "Humanitarian intervention under the UN Charter and contemporary international law." Thesis, Aberystwyth University, 2004. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.675679.

Vasiliauskienė, Violeta. "The fight against terrorism in the context of international humanitarian law." Doctoral thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2014. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2014~D_20140303_135329-20805.

Lin, James Chun. "Humanitarianism and military force : humanitarian intervention and international society." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1995. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:3ce0813e-b33d-4d02-8049-7851859cc801.

Chaulia, Sreeram. "Civilian protection and humanitarian organisations rationality or culture? /." Related electronic resource: Current Research at SU : database of SU dissertations, recent titles available full text, 2009. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/syr/main.

Milkeraitytė, Kristina. "Private Military and Security Companies and Their Personnel in the Context of International Humanitarian Law." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2009. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2009~D_20090629_101808-18164.

Kazinec, Darius. "Issues of cyber warfare in international law." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2011. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2011~D_20110705_132153-12860.

Crawford, Emily Jessica Teresa Law Faculty of Law UNSW. "Unequal before the law: Questioning the distinction between types of armed conflict in international law." Publisher:University of New South Wales. Law, 2008. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/41260.

Samara, Angeliki. "The responsibility to protect and the notion of irresponsibility in international law." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2018. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/80439/.

Da, Rosa William Torres Laureano. "The dialectic of emancipation and repression in international human rights law." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2016. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/64069/.

Nelson, Eisha Amanda. "Changes and solutions to improve humanitarian aid." Thesis, Webster University, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1526651.

The 1990s saw a rise in the participation of NGOs answering the demands of affected populations caught in between armed conflicts, bouts of natural disasters and diseases. Though their intentions were good, it was from this point onwards NGOs have gained their notoriety, despite the work they do to address the needs of man. With a consistent rise of the number of actively participating NGOs, these humanitarian actors have since gone under scrutiny by the general population, which range from ineffective operations, scandals surrounding aid money, ethics within humanitarianism as well as many aid organizations that still remain independent from each other.

This paper will seek to answer how to improve the role of humanitarian aid in emergency situations, and address its issues and shortcomings. This will be done by analyzing the different criticisms faced by these humanitarian actors, as well as analyzing the different solutions that have since been proposed in order to answer these criticisms and find a new way for these organizations to operate and define themselves. Finally, these analyses will be evaluated and compared among one another.

Interviews have been held with aid workers and members of humanitarian organizations, in order to get a more intimate perspective of the inside workings of an NGO. Recent literature, studies and findings have also been utilized in order to get a clearer picture of the current state of humanitarian aid, notably from writers such as Thomas Weiss, Hugo Slim, David Rieff and Linda Polman.

Humanitarian aid cannot be cured with a simple solution; instead, it is an ongoing, gradual process that requires cooperation from governments and organizations in order to move forward. The non-protit sector can stand to learn a lot from the for-profit sector, especially in terms of professionalism and collaborating amongst one another. This change will not come easily, but humanitarian aid also cannot remain stagnant if they hope to reach out to populations in need with quality aid.

Klingsbo, Dina. "Palestinians’ Right to Property in the Occupied Territory Under International Humanitarian Law." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för juridik, psykologi och socialt arbete, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-76596.

Östberg, Jenny. "Prisoner of War or Unlawful Combatant : An Evolution of International Humanitarian Law." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Management and Economics, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-5603.

The construction of International Humanitarian Law and the norms regarding protection of prisoners of war have evolved as a reaction to the horrors of war. After September 11 and the following war on terrorism the notion of POWs has been widely debated. The USA holds prisoners at the navy base at Guantánamo Bay, Cuba without granting them status as POWs; this thesis is placing the treatment of these detainees within a historical context. The norm concerning rights of POWs is today both internationalized and institutionalized, but that has not always been the case. This thesis illuminates how the norms have evolved during World War I, World War II and Vietnam War; finally the war against terrorism and the treatment of the prisoners at Guantánamo Bay is analyzed. The intention of the thesis is to use a historical overview of the evolution of IHL, and the rights of POWs in particular, to formulate a wider assumption about the implication of IHL in the war against terrorism and the future.

The thesis adopts a theory which combines constructivism and John Rawls´ theory of justice and uses constructivist ideas about the nature of the international system applied to Rawls´ notion of justice. The constructivist theory and ontology are the basis of the theoretical framework of this thesis and Rawls´ definition of justice as the base of social institutions are viewed from a constructivist perspective. IHL and the norms regarding protection of POWs are thus considered as social facts, constructed and upheld through social interaction between states.

Dinniss, Heather Harrison. "The status and use of computer network attacks in international humanitarian law." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2008. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/2527/.

Hardie, Kathleen. "Humanitarian Intervention, Human Rights and the use of force in International Law." Thesis, Hardie, Kathleen (2009) Humanitarian Intervention, Human Rights and the use of force in International Law. Masters by Research thesis, Murdoch University, 2009. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/2446/.

Olulowo, Kunle Adebamiji. "Unmanned Aerial Vehicles in Counterterrorism Efforts and Implications for International Humanitarian Law." ScholarWorks, 2018. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/5766.

Macak, Jakub (Kubo). "Internationalized armed conflicts in international law." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:793d605d-dea3-403c-95df-c88bfe0cf19f.

Giesen, Stefan. "Roberta Arnold/Noëlle Quénivet (Hrsg.), International humanitarian law and human rights law : towards a new merger in international law / [rezensiert von] Stefan Giesen." Universität Potsdam, 2009. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2009/3573/.

Du, Plessis Madri. "Evaluation of the international law regarding humanitarian intervention in human rights abuses not breaching international peace and security." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/53742.

Sutton, Rebecca. "The international humanitarian actor as 'civilian plus' : the circulation of the idea of distinction in international law." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2018. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3803/.

Mavridis, Iakovos. "The practice of humanitarian intervention after the end of the Cold War : emerging norm or just practice? : humanitarian intervention and international law." Thesis, University of Hull, 2006. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:5858.

Steiner, Hrafn. "Cyber operations, legal rules and state practice : authority and control in international humanitarian law." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Juridiska institutionen, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-142944.

Moir, Lindsay. "The protection of civilians during non-international armed conflict." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.284993.

Vanegas, Guzman Maria del Pilar. "Integrating legal pluralism to ICRC's task of enhancing compliance with international humanitarian law." Thesis, McGill University, 2011. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=97134.

Güler, Hande. "The Interaction between International Human Rights Law and International Humanitarian Law: Seeking the most effective protection for children in armed conflicts." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-21526.

Kolb, Andreas Stephan. "The responsibility to protect : legal rights and obligations to save humans from mass murder and ethnic cleansing." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/4160.

Ferstman, Carla. "Reparation for violations of human rights and humanitarian law : the responsibility of international organizations." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2016. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:4ac8ab4f-6c87-4238-b2df-ea8dadb22110.

Bantekas, Ilias. "Principles of individual responsibilty for violations of international humanitarian law after the ICTY." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.489897.

McDonald, A. M. "Rights to legal remedies of victims of serious violations of international humanitarian law." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.273093.

Bates, Elizabeth Torbe Stubbins. "Solving the conundrum between military training, prevention and compliance in international humanitarian law." Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 2018. http://eprints.soas.ac.uk/30290/.

Zamir, Singer Noam Ziso. "Classification of conflicts in cases of foreign intervention in civil wars." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2014. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/283965.

Uyar, Abatay Lema. "The accountability of UN post-conflict administrations for violations of international humanitarian law and human rights law." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2013. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:a3dc00e1-afe1-4503-a9de-e18af88c2982.

Schlagheck, Heidi Michelle. "The Importance of International Law in Counter-Terrorism: The Need for New Guidelines in International Law to Assist States Responding to Terrorist Attacks." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/36371.

Kamanzi, Aziza. "Legal protection of humanitarian workers during a non-international armed conflict." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2010. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_2491_1299492391.

This research paper focuses on the legal protection of humanitarian workers. It refers to the experience of governmental organizations with a humanitarian vocation, and international humanitarian organizations, such as, the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC), active in more than 80 countries. The ICRC was created in order provide assistance and protection to wounded combatants,11 but its activity has gradually extended to include prisoners of war and civilians, territories. Also Medecin Sans Frontiere (MSF), functioning in more than 70 countries, was established to provide medical assistance to victims of conflicts or natural and other disasters.

Al-Tarawneh, Mekhled Irkhyes. "The legality of humanitarian intervention under the United Nations Charter and contemporary international law." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.272484.

Ali, Abed Sara. "Targeted killing under International Humanitarian Law : The lawfulness of targeted killing in armed conflicts." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för juridik, psykologi och socialt arbete, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-86493.

Von, Tigerstrom Barbara. "Human security and international law prospects and problems /." Oxford ; Portland, OR : Hart Pub, 2007. http://www.netlibrary.com/urlapi.asp?action=summary&v=1&bookid=227756.

Macarchuk, Ashley. "The Effect of International NGOs on Influencing Domestic Policy and Law." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2018. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/1866.