benefits of science essay

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Understanding Science

How science REALLY works...

• Understanding Science 101
• Scientific findings frequently benefit society through technological and other innovations.
• Technological innovations may lead to new scientific breakthroughs.
• Some scientists are motivated by potential applications of their research.

Benefits of science

The process of science is a way of building knowledge about the universe — constructing new ideas that illuminate the world around us. Those ideas are inherently tentative, but as they cycle through the process of science again and again and are tested and retested in different ways, we become increasingly confident in them. Furthermore, through this same iterative process, ideas are modified, expanded, and combined into more powerful explanations. For example, a few observations about inheritance patterns in garden peas can — over many years and through the work of many different scientists — be built into the broad understanding of genetics offered by science today. So although the process of science is iterative, ideas do not churn through it repetitively. Instead, the cycle actively serves to construct and integrate scientific knowledge.

And that knowledge is useful for all sorts of things: designing bridges, slowing climate change, and prompting frequent hand washing during flu season. Scientific knowledge allows us to develop new technologies , solve practical problems, and make informed decisions — both individually and collectively. Because its products are so useful, the process of science is intertwined with those applications:

• New scientific knowledge may lead to new applications. For example, the discovery of the structure of DNA was a fundamental breakthrough in biology. It formed the underpinnings of research that would ultimately lead to a wide variety of practical applications, including DNA fingerprinting, genetically engineered crops, and tests for genetic diseases.
• New technological advances may lead to new scientific discoveries. For example, developing DNA copying and sequencing technologies has led to important breakthroughs in many areas of biology, especially in the reconstruction of the evolutionary relationships among organisms.
• Potential applications may motivate scientific investigations. For example, the possibility of engineering microorganisms to cheaply produce drugs for diseases like malaria motivates many researchers in the field to continue their studies of microbe genetics.

The process of science and you

This flowchart represents the process of formal science, but in fact, many aspects of this process are relevant to everyone and can be used in your everyday life. Sure, some elements of the process really only apply to formal science (e.g., publication, feedback from the scientific community), but others are widely applicable to everyday situations (e.g., asking questions, gathering evidence, solving practical problems). Understanding the process of science can help anyone develop a scientific outlook on life.

• Take a sidetrip

To find out how to develop a scientific outlook, visit  A scientific approach to life: A science toolkit .

• Science in action
• Teaching resources

Scientific results regularly make their way into our everyday lives. Follow scientific ideas from lab bench to application:

• The structure of DNA: Cooperation and competition
• Ozone depletion: Uncovering the hidden hazard of hairspray

Want to learn even more about the relationship between science and its applications? Jump ahead to these units:

• Science and society
• What has science done for you lately?
• Use our  web interactive  to help students document and reflect on the process of science.
• Learn strategies for building lessons and activities around the Science Flowchart: Grades 3-5 Grades 6-8 Grades 9-12 Grades 13-16
• Find lesson plans for introducing the Science Flowchart to your students in: Grades 3-5 Grades 6-8 Grades 9-16
• Get  graphics and pdfs of the Science Flowchart  to use in your classroom. Translations are available in Spanish, French, Japanese, and Swahili.

Copycats in science: The role of replication

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Most Americans say science has brought benefits to society and expect more to come

While public trust in scientists and their work can be mixed , a strong majority of the American public thinks of science as having a positive effect on society, and most expect continued benefits to accrue from science in the years ahead.

About seven-in-ten U.S. adults (73%) say science has had a positive effect on society, just 3% say it has had a negative effect and 23% say it has yielded an equal mix of positive and negative effects, according to a Pew Research Center survey .

White adults are more likely than black and Hispanic adults to see the effects of science in positive terms. And people who have higher levels of factual knowledge about science, based on an 11-item index , are especially likely to think science has had a positive effect overall.

When people who said science has had a mostly positive effect were asked to elaborate on how science has benefited society, 56% mentioned advancements in medical science – such as “disease eradication,” “medical devices and new medications” and “cancer research.”

Some mentioned benefits from an aspect of technology and computerization (23% of those asked), offering general references to new or helpful technology and changes to communication. One respondent put it this way: “Science has advanced our communication avenues which opens the world to all.” Others highlighted benefits for the environment (14% of those asked), with one respondent saying that science has “kept us abreast of what to expect from climate change.” Still others (47% of those asked) cited a miscellany of effects, ranging from improvements in food production to developing a better understanding of our world.

Those who saw negative or mixed effects of science on society were also asked their reasons why, and they cited a range of reasons. About one-in-ten (11%) in this group mentioned concerns about scientists and scientific theories. One said, “Scientific research has been contaminated by big business paying to have findings skewed in their favor to deceive the public.” Another replied, “Conflicting results reported on breakthroughs, don’t know what is true. What is true today will change over time.”

As Americans look ahead to the next 20 years, a large majority of the public (82%) expects scientific developments to make people’s lives better, while 11% think new developments will make no difference and 6% expect such developments will make people’s lives worse. Large majorities of white and Hispanic adults (84% and 83%, respectively) and somewhat fewer black adults (74%) are optimistic that new scientific developments will improve lives.

Here, too, medical advances prevail in the public mind as a likely source for improvements ahead, with six-in-ten U.S. adults (60%) referencing this topic when asked to think about developments in science that will make people’s lives better.

When asked to think about potential downsides from science for people’s lives coming down the road, the most common concerns referenced technology and computerization (29% of U.S. adults), such as automation in the workforce; others cited genetics (12%), including concerns about cloning and “designer babies,” and developments in medicine (11%).

Note: The quoted responses above are lightly edited for spelling and punctuation. See topline for full question wording and the Methodology section of the main report for more information on the index of science knowledge.

• Trust in Science

Cary Lynne Thigpen is a former research assistant focusing on science and society .

Cary Funk is director of science and society research at Pew Research Center .

Striking findings from 2023

Americans’ trust in scientists, positive views of science continue to decline, americans continue to have doubts about climate scientists’ understanding of climate change, why some americans do not see urgency on climate change, americans’ largely positive views of childhood vaccines hold steady, most popular.

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Essay on Advantages of Science

Students are often asked to write an essay on Advantages of Science in their schools and colleges. And if you’re also looking for the same, we have created 100-word, 250-word, and 500-word essays on the topic.

Let’s take a look…

100 Words Essay on Advantages of Science

Introduction.

Science is an integral part of our daily lives. It has transformed our lives by providing solutions to complex problems and making tasks easier.

Health Improvements

Science has led to medical advancements, helping cure diseases and improving health.

Technological Progress

Science fuels technological innovation, making communication and information access easier.

Understanding the Universe

Through science, we can explore and understand more about the universe.

In a nutshell, science brings numerous benefits, improving our lives in many ways.

250 Words Essay on Advantages of Science

Science, the systematic study of the natural world, has revolutionized human existence. Its impact is profound, permeating every aspect of our lives, and offering a myriad of advantages.

Science has been the backbone of technological progress. The digital age, marked by computers, the internet, and artificial intelligence, is a testament to scientific advancements. These technologies have transformed communication, education, and business, making our lives more convenient and efficient.

Medical Advancements

Scientific discoveries have revolutionized healthcare. The understanding of diseases at a molecular level has led to the development of targeted therapies and vaccines. This has significantly improved life expectancy and quality of life. For instance, the rapid development of COVID-19 vaccines underscores the power of science in combating global health crises.

Environmental Conservation

Science also plays a crucial role in environmental conservation. Scientific research has shed light on the causes and effects of climate change, prompting the development of sustainable technologies. Renewable energy sources like solar and wind power are prime examples of science’s contribution to environmental preservation.

In summary, the advantages of science are vast and varied. It drives technological progress, advances healthcare, and aids in environmental conservation. As we continue to unlock the mysteries of the universe, the potential benefits of science are limitless, promising a brighter future for all of humanity.

500 Words Essay on Advantages of Science

Foremost among the benefits of science is technological progress. From the invention of the wheel to the development of quantum computers, each technological breakthrough is underpinned by scientific discovery. Science has made it possible to harness the power of nature, leading to innovations like electricity, the internet, and artificial intelligence, which have revolutionized our lives. For instance, medical technologies such as MRI machines and robotic surgeries are direct applications of scientific principles, transforming healthcare.

Improved Quality of Life

Science has dramatically improved our quality of life. It has extended our lifespan through medical advancements, eradicated diseases, and improved sanitation and public health. Furthermore, science has made our lives more comfortable through inventions like air conditioning, refrigeration, and transportation. Even in the realms of entertainment and leisure, scientific advancements in the form of digital media, virtual reality, and streaming services have enriched our experiences.

Enhanced Understanding of the Universe

Driving sustainable development, promoting critical thinking.

The scientific method, which involves observation, hypothesis formation, experimentation, and conclusion, promotes critical thinking. It encourages skepticism, curiosity, and a desire for evidence, which are fundamental to rational decision-making. This scientific literacy is not only essential for scientific professions but also for informed citizenship in an increasingly complex and technological society.

If you’re looking for more, here are essays on other interesting topics:

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Essays About Science: Top 12 Examples and Prompts

Science can explain almost every aspect of our lives; if you want to write essays about science, start by reading our guide.

The word “science” comes from the Latin word Scientia or “knowledge,” It does indeed leave us with no shortage of knowledge as it advances to extraordinary levels. It is present in almost every aspect of our lives, allowing us to live the way we do today and helping us improve society. 

In the 21st century, we see science everywhere. It has given us the technology we deem “essential” today, from our mobile phones to air conditioning units to lightbulbs and refrigerators. Yet, it has also allowed us to learn so much about the unknown, such as the endless vacuum of space and the ocean’s mysterious depths. It is, without a doubt, a vehicle for humanity to obtain knowledge and use this knowledge to flourish. 

To start writing essays about science, look at some of our featured essay examples below. 

1. The challenging environment for science in the 21st century by Nithaya Chetty 

2. disadvantages of science by ella gray, 3. reflections from a nobel winner: scientists need time to make discoveries by donna strickland.

• 4.  ​​The fact of cloning by Cesar Hill

5. T. Rex Like You Haven’t Seen Him: With Feathers by Jason Farago

6. common, cheap ingredients can break down some ‘forever chemicals’ by jude coleman, 1. what is science, 2. a noteworthy scientist, 3. why is it important to study science, 4. are robots a net positive for society, 5. types of sciences, 6. science’s role in warfare.

“Open-ended, unfettered science in its purest form has, over the centuries, been pursued in the interests of understanding nature in a fundamental way, and long may that continue. Scientific ideas and discoveries have often been very successfully exploited for commercial gain and societal improvements, and much of the science system today the world over is designed to push scientists in the direction of more relevance.”

For South Africa to prosper, Chetty encourages cooperation and innovation among scientists. He discusses several problems the country faces, including the politicization of research, a weak economy, and misuse of scientific discoveries. These challenges, he believes, can be overcome if the nation works as one and with the international community and if the education system is improved. 

“Technology can make people lazy. Many people are already dependent and embrace this technology. Like students playing computer games instead of going to school or study. Technology also brings us privacy issues. From cell phone signal interceptions to email hacking, people are now worried about their once private information becoming public knowledge and making profit out of video scandals.”

Gray discusses the adverse effects technology, a science product, has had on human life and society. These include pollution, the inability to communicate properly, and laziness. 

She also acknowledges that technology has made life easier for almost everyone but believes that technology, as it is used now, is detrimental; more responsible use of technology is ideal.

“We must give scientists the opportunity through funding and time to pursue curiosity-based, long-term, basic-science research. Work that does not have direct ramifications for industry or our economy is also worthy. There’s no telling what can come from supporting a curious mind trying to discover something new.”

Strickland, a Nobel Prize winner, explains that a great scientific discovery can only come with ample time for scientists to research, using her work as an example. She describes her work on chirped pulse amplification and its possible applications, including removing brain tumors. Her Nobel-awarded work was done over a long time, and scientists must be afforded ample time and funding to make breakthroughs like hers. 

4.  ​​ The fact of cloning by Cesar Hill

“Any research into human cloning would eventually need to be tested on humans. Cloning might be used to create a “perfect human”. Cloning might have a detrimental effect family relationship. However the debate over cloning has more pros out weighting the cons, giving us a over site of the many advantages cloning has and the effects of it as well. Cloning has many ups and downs nevertheless there are many different ways in which it can be used to adapt and analyse new ways of medicine.”

Hill details both the pros and cons of cloning. It can be used for medical purposes and help us understand genetics more, perhaps even allowing us to prevent genetic diseases in children. However, it is expensive, and many oppose it on religious grounds. Regardless, Hill believes that the process has more advantages than disadvantages and is a net good. 

“For the kids who will throng this new exhibition, and who will adore this show’s colorful animations and fossilized dino poop, T. rex may still appear to be a thrilling monster. But staring in the eyes of the feather-flecked annihilators here, adults may have a more uncanny feeling of identification with the beasts at the pinnacle of the food chain. You can be a killer of unprecedented savagery, but the climate always takes the coup de grâce.”

In his essay, Farago reviews an exhibition on the Tyrannosaurus Rex involving an important scientific discovery: it was a feathered dinosaur. He details the different displays in the exhibition, including models of other dinosaurs that helped scientists realize that the T-Rex had feathers. 

“Understanding this mechanism is just one step in undoing forever chemicals, Dichtel’s team said. And more research is needed: There are other classes of PFAS that require their own solutions. This process wouldn’t work to tackle PFAS out in the environment, because it requires a concentrated amount of the chemicals. But it could one day be used in wastewater treatment plants, where the pollutants could be filtered out of the water, concentrated and then broken down.”

Coleman explains a discovery by which scientists were able to break down a perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substance, a “forever chemical” dangerous to the environment. He explains how they could break the chemical bond and turn the “forever chemical” into something harmless. This is important because pollution can be reduced significantly, particularly in the water. 

Writing Prompts on Essays about Science

“Science” is quite a broad term and encompasses many concepts and definitions. Define science, explain what it involves and how we can use it, and give examples of how it is present in the world. If you want, you can also briefly discuss what science means to you personally. 

Many individuals have made remarkable scientific discoveries, contributing to the wealth of knowledge we have acquired through science. For your essay, choose one scientist you feel has made a noteworthy contribution to their field. Then, give a brief background on the scientists and explain the discovery or invention that makes them essential. 

Consider what it means to study science: how is it relevant now? What lessons can we learn from science? Then, examine the presence of science in today’s world and write about the importance of science in our day-to-day lives- be sure to give examples to support your points. Finally, in your essay, be sure to keep in mind the times we are living in today.

When we think of science, robots are often one of the first things that come to mind. However, there is much to discuss regarding safety, especially artificial intelligence. Discuss the pros and cons of robots and AI, then conclude whether or not the benefits outweigh the disadvantages. Finally, provide adequate evidence to reinforce your argument and explain it in detail. 

From biology to chemistry to physics, science has many branches, each dealing with different aspects of the world and universe. Choose one branch of science and then explain what it is, define basic concepts under this science, and give examples of how it is applied: Are any inventions requiring it? How about something we know today thanks to scientific discovery? Answer these questions in your own words for a compelling essay.

Undoubtedly, technology developed using science has had devastating effects, from nuclear weapons to self-flying fighter jets to deadly new guns and tanks. Examine scientific developments’ role in the war: Do they make it more brutal? Or do they reduce the casualties? Make sure to conduct ample research before writing your essay; this topic is debatable. 

For help with your essays, check out our round-up of the best essay checkers .

If you’re looking for inspiration, check out our round-up of essay topics about nature .

Essay on Science for Students and Children

500+ words essay on science.

Essay on science:  As we look back in our ancient times we see so much development in the world. The world is full of gadgets and machinery . Machinery does everything in our surroundings. How did it get possible? How did we become so modern? It was all possible with the help of science. Science has played a major role in the development of our society. Furthermore, Science has made our lives easier and carefree.

Science in our Daily Lives

As I have mentioned earlier Science has got many changes in our lives. First of all, transportation is easier now. With the help of Science it now easier to travel long distances . Moreover, the time of traveling is also reduced. Various high-speed vehicles are available these days. These vehicles have totally changed. The phase of our society. Science upgraded steam engines to electric engines. In earlier times people were traveling with cycles. But now everybody travels on motorcycles and cars. This saves time and effort. And this is all possible with the help of Science.

Secondly, Science made us reach to the moon. But we never stopped there. It also gave us a glance at Mars. This is one of the greatest achievements. This was only possible with Science. These days Scientists make many satellites . Because of which we are using high-speed Internet. These satellites revolve around the earth every day and night. Even without making us aware of it. Science is the backbone of our society. Science gave us so much in our present time. Due to this, the teacher in our schools teaches Science from an early age.

Get the huge list of more than 500 Essay Topics and Ideas

Science as a Subject

In class 1 only a student has Science as a subject. This only tells us about the importance of Science. Science taught us about Our Solar System. The Solar System consists of 9 planets and the Sun. Most Noteworthy was that it also tells us about the origin of our planet. Above all, we cannot deny that Science helps us in shaping our future. But not only it tells us about our future, but it also tells us about our past.

When the student reaches class 6, Science gets divided into three more subcategories. These subcategories were Physics, Chemistry, and Biology. First of all, Physics taught us about the machines. Physics is an interesting subject. It is a logical subject.

Furthermore, the second subject was Chemistry . Chemistry is a subject that deals with an element found inside the earth. Even more, it helps in making various products. Products like medicine and cosmetics etc. result in human benefits.

Last but not least, the subject of Biology . Biology is a subject that teaches us about our Human body. It tells us about its various parts. Furthermore, it even teaches the students about cells. Cells are present in human blood. Science is so advanced that it did let us know even that.

Leading Scientists in the field of Science

Finally, many scientists like Thomas Edison , Sir Isaac Newton were born in this world. They have done great Inventions. Thomas Edison invented the light bulb. If he did not invent that we would stay in dark. Because of this Thomas Edison’s name marks in history.

Another famous Scientist was Sir Isaac Newton . Sir Isaac Newton told us about Gravity. With the help of this, we were able to discover many other theories.

In India Scientists A..P.J Abdul was there. He contributed much towards our space research and defense forces. He made many advanced missiles. These Scientists did great work and we will always remember them.

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Science Essay Examples

Best Science Essay Examples to Learn From

Published on: May 3, 2023

Last updated on: Jan 31, 2024

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Are you struggling to write a science essay that stands out? 

Are you tired of feeling overwhelmed by scientific jargon and complicated concepts? 

You're not alone. 

Science essays can be a challenge for even the most dedicated students. It's no wonder that so many students struggle to produce top-notch papers.

But fear not! 

In this blog post, we'll provide you with some science essay examples and tips. We will help you write a top-notch paper that impresses your professor and earns you a high grade. 

So buckle up and get ready to tackle science essays like a pro!

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Science Essay Examples for Students

Writing a science essay can be a daunting task for students. However, with the right guidance and examples, it can also be a rewarding and enlightening experience.

Here, we'll provide you with examples so you can elevate your own writing.

Science Essay Example SPM

Scientific Essay Example Pdf (Insert

Science Paper Example

Science Project Essay Example

Science Essay Examples for Different Subjects

Science is a vast field that encompasses many different subjects, from biology to physics to chemistry. As a student, you may find yourself tasked with writing a science essay on a subject that you're not particularly familiar with. 

We have provided you with science essay examples for different subjects to help you get started.

Social Science Essay Example

Political Science Essay Example

Environmental Science Essay Example

Health Science Essay Example

Computer Science Essay Example

University Science Essay Examples

Science essays are important part of university-level education. However, different universities may have different requirements and expectations when it comes to writing these essays. 

That's why we've compiled some science essay examples for different universities. You can see what works and what doesn't, and tailor your own writing accordingly.

Scientific Essay Example University

Mcmaster Health Science Essay Example

Cornell Arts And Science Essay Example

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Structure of a Science Essay

Science essays are a crucial part of many subjects, and learning to structure them effectively is essential for achieving academic success. 

Let’s explore scientific essay structure.

Introduction

The introduction of a science essay should introduce the topic and provide some context for the reader. 

You should explain the purpose of the essay and provide a thesis statement that outlines the main argument you will make in the essay. A good introduction should also capture the reader's interest and motivate them to read on.

Check out these how to start a science essay examples for better understanding:

Body Paragraphs

The body paragraphs of a science essay should provide evidence to support the thesis statement. You should use scientific evidence, research, and data to support your argument. 

Each paragraph should focus on one key point, and the points should be organized logically to create a coherent argument. It is essential to provide citations for all sources you use in your essay.

Here is an example for you:

The conclusion of a science essay should summarize the main points of the essay and restate the thesis statement in a compelling manner. 

You should also provide some final thoughts or recommendations based on the evidence presented in the essay. 

The conclusion should be concise and leave a lasting impression on the reader.

Natural Science Essay Topics

There are countless interesting, thought-provoking and problem solving essay topics in science.

Explore some compelling natural science essay topics to inspire your writing.

Science Essay Topics for 5th Graders

• The importance of recycling for our environment
• The different types of clouds and how they form
• How animals hibernate during the winter months
• The different types of rocks and how they are formed
• The role of bees in pollination and food production
• How light travels and how we see objects
• The properties of magnets and how they work
• The different stages of stem cell research 
• The human digestive system and how it works
• The effects of pollution on our environment and health

Science Essay Topics for 6th Graders

• The impact of climate change on the planet
• The different types of energy and how they are produced
• The importance of water conservation and management
• The role of artificial intelligence in human life
• The structure and function of the human respiratory system
• The properties and uses of acids and bases
• The effect of light on plant growth and development
• The differences between renewable and non-renewable energy sources
• The process of photosynthesis and its importance for life on Earth
• The impact of technology on the environment and society

Science Essay Topics for 7th Graders

• The structure and function of the human circulatory system
• The different types of fossils and how they are formed
• The impact of natural disasters on the environment and human life
• The pros and cons of bacteria in our bodies and in the environment
• The physics of sound and how it travels
• The effects of air pollution in United States
• The properties and uses of different types of waves (sound, light, etc.)
• The process of cell division and its role in growth and repair
• The structure and function of the human nervous system
• The different types of ecosystems and their unique characteristics

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Tips for Writing a Science Essay

Writing a science essay can be challenging, especially if you don't have much experience in writing academic papers. 

However, with the right approach and strategies, you can produce a high-quality science essays. 

Here are some tips to help you write a successful science essay:

Understand the assignment requirements: Before you start writing your essay, make sure you understand the assignment requirements. Read the prompt carefully and make note of any specific guidelines or formatting requirements.

Choose a topic that interests you: Writing about a topic that you find interesting and engaging can make the process enjoyable and rewarding. Consider topics that you have studied in class or that you have a personal interest in.

Conduct thorough research: To write a successful science essay, you need to have a deep understanding of the topic you are writing about. Conduct thorough research using reliable sources such as academic journals, textbooks, and reputable websites.

Develop a clear and concise thesis statement: Your thesis statement should clearly state your argument or position on the topic you are writing about. It should be concise and specific, and should be supported by evidence throughout your essay.

Use evidence to support your claims: When writing a science essay, it's important to use evidence to support your claims and arguments. This can include scientific data, research findings, and expert opinions.

Edit and proofread your essay: Before submitting your essay, make sure to edit and proofread it carefully. Check for spelling and grammatical errors. Ensure that your essay is formatted correctly according to the assignment requirements.

In conclusion, this blog has provided a comprehensive guide to writing a successful science essay. 

By following the tips, students can produce high-quality essays that showcase their understanding of science.

If you're struggling to write a science essay or need additional assistance, CollegeEssay.org is one of the best online essay services to help you out,

Our expert writers have extensive experience in writing science essays for students of all levels. 

So why wait? Contact our science essay writing service today!

Frequently Asked Questions

What are some common mistakes to avoid when writing a science essay.

Some common mistakes to avoid include:

• Plagiarizing content
• Using incorrect or unreliable sources
• Failing to clearly state your thesis
• Using overly complex language 

How can I make my science essay stand out?

To make your science essay stand out, consider choosing a unique or controversial topic. Using relevant and up-to-date sources, and present your information in a clear and concise manner. You can also consider using visuals such as graphs or charts to enhance your essay.

What should I do if I'm struggling to come up with a topic for my science essay?

If you're struggling to come up with a topic for your science essay, consider discussing potential topics with your instructor or classmates. You can also conduct research online or in academic journals to find inspiration.

How important is research when writing a science essay?

Research is an essential component of writing a science essay. Your essay should be grounded in accurate and reliable scientific information. That is why it's important to conduct thorough research using reputable sources.

Can I use personal anecdotes or experiences in my science essay?

While personal anecdotes or experiences can be engaging, they may not always be relevant to a science essay. It's important to focus on presenting factual information and scientific evidence to support your argument or position.

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Caleb S. has extensive experience in writing and holds a Masters from Oxford University. He takes great satisfaction in helping students exceed their academic goals. Caleb always puts the needs of his clients first and is dedicated to providing quality service.

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Importance of Science and Technology Essay

If we look at the global scenario, the modern world is moving exceptionally fast. There are rapid scientific and technological changes that are occurring in a steady progression.

After going through this post, you will be able to understand the importance of Science and Technology.

Importance of Science and Technology Essay (400+ Words)

In today’s rapidly changing world, the ability to harness modern science and technology has become a significant determinant of a nation’s wealth and power. The development of science and technology has far-reaching implications for the future of social and economic growth, allowing us to shape the fate of our country.

Thanks to rapid technological advances, the dependency on natural resources or their proportional factors has reduced significantly. Machines, aided by quick technological changes resulting from scientific advancements, enable man to perform with greater precision and efficiency, resulting in a significant improvement in his work.

The most crucial aspect of our current era is the sustained efforts to leverage the gains of science to enhance the human condition. Human ingenuity must convert scientific discoveries into technological innovations, which must be developed to bring about significant improvements in our living conditions.

Agricultural scientists have made remarkable contributions by introducing new innovations that employ scientific methods to grow crops, thereby improving our national economy and human welfare. By providing machines and developing quality seeds, fertilizers, and insecticides suited to bringing about a green revolution in agriculture, we have achieved complete self-sufficiency in food grains.

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The desired scientific and technological advancements have been achieved, and our country has successfully boosted various crucial national activities such as information and telecommunication, television, meteorological services, medical advancements, industrial development, nuclear research, Space Research, and Oceanographic Research.

A robust science and technology infrastructure base has been established over the years, providing modern shapes to world industries. It encompasses a chain of laboratories, specialized centers, academic and research institutes, training centers, and development programs that consistently provide skilled and technically trained manpower and technological support to industries for better execution.

In the field of medical care, science has made significant strides, and new technology has enabled the development of a compelling medical care framework at an affordable cost. Innovative medical technology provides a system for confidently handling critical cases and saving human lives. Medical research has yielded positive results in areas such as nutrition, tuberculosis, reproduction, child care, leprosy, drugs, communicable diseases, cholera , and malaria. Today, man has the ability to treat these dreaded diseases using established methods of treatment and care.

As the modern world moves exceptionally fast, with rapid scientific and technological changes occurring steadily, our country must prioritize science and technology as its foremost national priority to accomplish its objective of becoming a world power and a global competitor.

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The most important application of science

Science is valued by society because the application of scientific knowledge helps to satisfy many basic human needs and improve living standards. Finding a cure for cancer and a clean form of energy are just two topical examples. Similarly, science is often justified to the public as driving economic growth, which is seen as a return-on-investment for public funding. During the past few decades, however, another goal of science has emerged: to find a way to rationally use natural resources to guarantee their continuity and the continuity of humanity itself; an endeavour that is currently referred to as “sustainability”.

Scientists often justify their work using these and similar arguments—currently linked to personal health and longer life expectancies, technological advancement, economic profits, and/or sustainability—in order to secure funding and gain social acceptance. They point out that most of the tools, technologies and medicines we use today are products or by-products of research, from pens to rockets and from aspirin to organ transplantation. This progressive application of scientific knowledge is captured in Isaac Asimov’s book, Chronology of science and discovery , which beautifully describes how science has shaped the world, from the discovery of fire until the 20 th century.

However, there is another application of science that has been largely ignored, but that has enormous potential to address the challenges facing humanity in the present day education. It is time to seriously consider how science and research can contribute to education at all levels of society; not just to engage more people in research and teach them about scientific knowledge, but crucially to provide them with a basic understanding of how science has shaped the world and human civilisation. Education could become the most important application of science in the next decades.

“It is time to seriously consider how science and research can contribute to education at all levels of society…”

More and better education of citizens would also enable informed debate and decision-making about the fair and sustainable application of new technologies, which would help to address problems such as social inequality and the misuse of scientific discoveries. For example, an individual might perceive an increase in welfare and life expectancy as a positive goal and would not consider the current problems of inequality relating to food supply and health resources.

However, taking the view that science education should address how we apply scientific knowledge to improve the human condition raises the question of whether science research should be entirely at the service of human needs, or whether scientists should retain the freedom to pursue knowledge for its own sake—albeit with a view to eventual application. This question has been hotly debated since the publication of British physicist John D. Bernal’s book, The Social Function of Science , in 1939. Bernal argued that science should contribute to satisfy the material needs of ordinary human life and that it should be centrally controlled by the state to maximise its utility—he was heavily influenced by Marxist thought. The zoologist John R. Baker criticised this “Bernalistic” view, defending a “liberal” conception of science according to which “the advancement of knowledge by scientific research has a value as an end in itself”. This approach has been called the “free-science” approach.

The modern, utilitarian approach has attempted to coerce an explicit socio-political and economic manifestation of science. Perhaps the most recent and striking example of this is the shift in European research policy under the so-called Horizon 2020 or H2020 funding framework. This medium-term programme (2014-2020) is defined as a “financial instrument implementing the Innovation Union, a Europe 2020 flagship initiative aimed at securing Europe’s global competitiveness” ( http://ec.europa.eu/europe2020/index_en.htm ). This is a common view of science and technology in the so-called developed world, but what is notable in the case of the H2020 programme is that economic arguments are placed explicitly ahead of all other reasons. Europe could be in danger of taking a step backwards in its compulsion to become an economic world leader at any cost.

“Europe could be in danger of taking a step backwards in its compulsion to become an economic world leader at any cost.”

For comparison, the US National Science Foundation declares that its mission is to “promote the progress of science; to advance the national health, prosperity and welfare; to secure the national defence; and for other purposes” ( http://www.nsf.gov/about/glance.jsp ). The Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST) states that it “promotes creation of intellect, sharing of intellect with society, and establishment of its infrastructure in an integrated manner and supports generation of innovation” ( http://www.jst.go.jp/EN/about/mission.html ). In his President’s Message, Michiharu Nakamura stated that, “Japan seeks to create new value based on innovative science and technology and to contribute to the sustained development of human society ensuring Japan’s competitiveness” 1 . The difference between these declarations and the European H2020 programme is that the H2020 programme explicitly prioritises economic competitiveness and economic growth, while the NIH and JST put their devotion to knowledge, intellect, and the improvement of society up front. Curiously, the H2020 programme’s concept of science as a capitalist tool is analogous to the “Bernalistic” approach and contradicts the “liberal” view that “science can only flourish and therefore can only confer the maximum cultural and practical benefits on society when research is conducted in an atmosphere of freedom” 2 . By way of example, the discovery of laser emissions in 1960 was a strictly scientific venture to demonstrate a physical principle predicted by Einstein in 1917. The laser was considered useless at that time as an “invention in the search for a job”.

“… we need to educate the educators, and consequently to adopt adequate science curricula at university education departments.”

The mercantilisation of research is, explicitly or not, based on the simplistic idea that economic growth leads to increased quality of life. However, some leading economists think that using general economic indicators, such as Gross Domestic Product (GDP), to measure social well-being and happiness is flawed. For example, Robert Costanza, of the Australian National University, and several collaborators published a paper in Nature recently in which they announce the “dethroning of GDP” and its replacement by more appropriate indicators that consider both economic growth and “a high quality of life that is equitably shared and sustainable” 3 .

If the utilitarian view of science as an economic tool prevails, basic research will suffer. Dismantling the current science research infrastructure, which has taken centuries to build and is based on free enquiry, would have catastrophic consequences for humanity. The research community needs to convince political and scientific managers of the danger of this course. Given that a recent Eurobarometer survey found significant support among the European public for scientists to be “free to carry out the research they wish, provided they respect ethical standards” (73% of respondents agreed with this statement; http://ec.europa.eu/public_opinion/archives/ebs/ebs_224_report_en.pdf ), it seems that a campaign to support the current free-science system, funded with public budgets, would likely be popular.

The US NSF declaration contains a word that is rarely mentioned when dealing with scientific applications: education. Indeed, a glance at the textbooks used by children is enough to show how far scientific knowledge has advanced in a few generations, and how these advances have been transferred to education. A classic example is molecular biology; a discipline that was virtually absent from school textbooks a couple of generations ago. The deliberate and consistent addition of new scientific knowledge to enhance education might seem an obvious application of science, but it is often ignored. This piecemeal approach is disastrous for science education, so the application of science in education should be emphasised and resourced properly for two reasons: first, because education has been unequivocally recognised as a human right, and second, because the medical, technological and environmental applications of science require qualified professionals who acquire their skills through formal education. Therefore, education is a paramount scientific application.

“The deliberate and consistent addition of new scientific knowledge to enhance education might seem an obvious application of science, but it is often ignored.”

In a more general sense, education serves to maintain the identity of human culture, which is based on our accumulated knowledge, and to improve the general cultural level of society. According to Stuart Jordan, a retired senior staff scientist at NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center, and currently president of the Institute for Science and Human Values, widespread ignorance and superstition remain “major obstacles to progress to a more humanistic world” 4 in which prosperity, security, justice, good health and access to culture are equally accessible to all humans. He argues that the proliferation of the undesirable consequences of scientific knowledge—such as overpopulation, social inequality, nuclear arms and global climate change—resulted from the abandonment of the key principle of the Enlightenment: the use of reason under a humanistic framework.

When discussing education, we should therefore consider not only those who have no access to basic education, but also a considerable fraction of the populations of developed countries who have no recent science education. The Eurobarometer survey mentioned provides a striking argument: On average, only the half of the surveyed Europeans knew that electrons are smaller than atoms; almost a third believed that the Sun goes around the Earth, and nearly a quarter of them affirmed that earliest humans coexisted with dinosaurs ( http://ec.europa.eu/public_opinion/archives/ebs/ebs_224_report_en.pdf ). Another type of passive ignorance that is on the increase among the public of industrialised countries, especially among young people, is an indifference to socio-political affairs beyond their own individual and immediate well-being.

Ignorance may have a relevant influence on politics in democracies because ignorant people are more easily manipulated, or because their votes may depend on irrelevant details, such as a candidate’s physical appearance or performance in public debates. A democracy should be based on an informed society. Education sensu lato —including both formal learning and cultural education—is therefore crucial for developing personal freedom of thought and free will, which will lead to adequate representation and better government 5 .

To improve the cultural level of human societies is a long-term venture in which science will need to play a critical role. We first need to accept that scientific reasoning is intimately linked to human nature: Humanity did not explicitly adopt science as the preferred tool for acquiring knowledge after choosing among a set of possibilities; we simply used our own mental functioning to explain the world. If reason is a universal human feature, any knowledge can be transmitted and understood by everyone without the need for alien constraints, not unlike art or music.

Moreover, science has demonstrated that it is a supreme mechanism to explain the world, to solve problems and to fulfil human needs. A fundamental condition of science is its dynamic nature: the constant revision and re-evaluation of the existing knowledge. Every scientific theory is always under scrutiny and questioned whenever new evidence seems to challenge its validity. No other knowledge system has demonstrated this capacity, and even, the defenders of faith-based systems are common users of medical services and technological facilities that have emerged from scientific knowledge.

For these reasons, formal education from primary school to high school should therefore place a much larger emphasis on teaching young people how science has shaped and advanced human culture and well-being, but also that science flourishes best when scientists are left free to apply human reason to understand the world. This also means that we need to educate the educators and consequently to adopt adequate science curricula at university education departments. Scientists themselves must get more involved both in schools and universities.

“Dismantling the current science research infrastructure, which has taken centuries to build and is based on free enquiry, would have catastrophic consequences for humanity.”

But scientists will also have to get more engaged with society in general. The improvement of human culture and society relies on more diffuse structural and functional patterns. In the case of science, its diffusion to the general public is commonly called the popularisation of science and can involve scientists themselves, rather than journalists and other communicators. In this endeavour, scientists should be actively and massively involved. Scientists—especially those working in public institutions—should make a greater effort to communicate to society what science is and what is not; how is it done; what are its main results; and what are they useful for. This would be the best way of demystifying science and scientists and upgrading society’s scientific literacy.

In summary, putting a stronger emphasis on formal science education and on raising the general cultural level of society should lead to a more enlightened knowledge-based society—as opposed to the H2020 vision of a knowledge-based economy—that is less susceptible to dogmatic moral systems. Scientists should still use the other arguments—technological progress, improved health and well-being and economic gains—to justify their work, but better education would provide the additional support needed to convince citizens about the usefulness of science beyond its economic value. Science is not only necessary for humanity to thrive socially, environmentally and economically in both the short and the long term, but it is also the best tool available to satisfy the fundamental human thirst for knowledge, as well as to maintain and enhance the human cultural heritage, which is knowledge-based by definition.

Conflict of interest

The author declares that he has no conflict of interest.

• Japan Science and Technology Agency. 2013. Overview of JST program and organisation 2013–2014 http://www.jst.go.jp/EN/JST_Brochure_2013.pdf ). Last accessed: March 20, 2014.
• McGucken W. On freedom and planning in science: the Society for Freedom in Science, 1940–46. Minerva. 1978; 16 :42–72. [ Google Scholar ]
• Costanza R, Kubiszewski I, Giovannini E, Lovins H, McGlade J, Pickett KE. Time to leave GDP behind. Nature. 2014; 505 :283–285. [ PubMed ] [ Google Scholar ]
• Jordan S. The Enlightenment Vision. Science, Reason and the Promise of a Better Future. Amherst: Promethous Books; 2012. [ Google Scholar ]
• Rull V. Conservation, human values and democracy. EMBO Rep. 2014; 15 :17–20. [ PMC free article ] [ PubMed ] [ Google Scholar ]

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Science In Everyday Life: 50 Examples Showing How Science Impacts Our Daily Activities

Science plays a vital role in our daily lives, even if we don’t always realize it. From the alarm that wakes us up to the phones we scroll through before bed, advancements in science, technology, engineering, and math touch every aspect of our routines.

If you’re short on time, here’s a quick answer on examples of science in daily life: Science gives us technology like smartphones, WiFi, microwaves, and virtual assistants . It brings us medical treatments, weather forecasts, and green energy solutions.

Fields like chemistry, biology, and physics explain the world around us and advancements that enhance how we live.

This comprehensive guide provides over 50 examples demonstrating the many amazing ways science impacts our lives. We’ll cover common technologies, healthcare innovations, environmental applications, and insights science provides into the world around us.

Read on to gain appreciation for just how integral STEM is to our modern lives.

Technology Innovations from Science

Smartphones and wifi.

Smartphones have become an integral part of our lives, and we can thank science for their existence. These devices combine various technologies, such as wireless communication, touchscreen displays, and powerful processors, all made possible through scientific advancements.

With the advent of WiFi technology, we can now connect our smartphones to the internet seamlessly, allowing us to access information, communicate with others, and stay connected wherever we go. According to a report by Statista, there are over 3.8 billion smartphone users worldwide, highlighting the widespread impact of this technology.

Virtual Assistants and AI

Virtual assistants, like Siri, Alexa, and Google Assistant, have become an integral part of our daily lives. These AI-powered technologies are the result of extensive research and development in the field of artificial intelligence.

They can perform a wide range of tasks, from answering questions and setting reminders to controlling smart home devices. Virtual assistants have revolutionized the way we interact with technology and have made our lives more convenient.

According to a study by Pew Research Center, around 46% of Americans use voice assistants, showcasing the widespread adoption of this technology.

Streaming Entertainment

Gone are the days when we had to wait for our favorite TV shows or movies to air on traditional television networks. Thanks to scientific advancements, we now have streaming platforms like Netflix, Hulu, and Amazon Prime Video that allow us to enjoy a vast library of entertainment content on demand.

Streaming services rely on technologies like high-speed internet connections and video compression algorithms, which have made it possible to deliver high-quality content to our devices. According to a report by Conviva, global streaming hours increased by 57% in 2020, highlighting the growing popularity of streaming entertainment.

Kitchen Appliances

Science has also revolutionized our kitchens with innovative appliances that make cooking and food preparation easier and more efficient. From microwave ovens and induction cooktops to smart refrigerators and programmable coffee makers, these appliances utilize scientific principles to enhance our culinary experiences.

For example, microwave ovens use electromagnetic waves to heat food quickly, while induction cooktops use magnetic fields to generate heat directly in the cookware. These advancements have saved us time and energy in the kitchen, allowing us to focus on creating delicious meals.

Healthcare and Medicine

Medical treatments and drugs.

Science plays a crucial role in the development of medical treatments and drugs. Through extensive research and experimentation, scientists are able to discover new medications and therapies that help treat diseases and improve the quality of life for patients.

From antibiotics to cancer-fighting drugs, science has revolutionized the field of medicine. For instance, in recent years, breakthroughs in immunotherapy have provided hope for patients with previously untreatable cancers, offering them a chance at a longer and healthier life.

Medical Imaging and Scans

The advancement of medical imaging technology has greatly contributed to the field of healthcare. X-rays, CT scans, MRIs, and ultrasounds are all examples of medical imaging techniques that allow doctors to visualize the internal structures of the body without invasive procedures.

These imaging tools aid in the diagnosis and monitoring of various conditions, such as broken bones, tumors, and organ abnormalities. With the help of these technologies, doctors can make more accurate and timely diagnoses, leading to better treatment outcomes for patients.

Prosthetics and Implants

Science has also revolutionized the field of prosthetics and implants, providing individuals with enhanced mobility and improved quality of life. With advancements in materials science and robotics, prosthetic limbs have become increasingly sophisticated, allowing amputees to regain functionality and perform daily activities with greater ease.

Additionally, advancements in medical implants, such as pacemakers and artificial joints, have significantly improved the lives of individuals with chronic conditions, enabling them to live longer and more fulfilling lives.

Genetic Testing

Genetic testing is another area where science has had a significant impact on healthcare. With advancements in DNA sequencing technology, scientists are now able to analyze an individual’s genetic makeup and identify potential genetic disorders or predispositions to certain diseases.

This information can be used for early detection and prevention, allowing individuals to make informed decisions about their health. Genetic testing has also paved the way for personalized medicine, where treatments can be tailored to an individual’s specific genetic profile, leading to more effective and targeted therapies.

Energy and Environment

Renewable energy.

Renewable energy plays a crucial role in reducing our carbon footprint and preserving the environment. Solar power, for example, harnesses the energy from the sun and converts it into electricity, providing a sustainable and clean alternative to traditional fossil fuels.

Wind power is another example, where the kinetic energy of the wind is converted into electricity through wind turbines. According to the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA), renewable energy accounted for 26% of global electricity generation in 2018, and this number is expected to rise significantly in the coming years.

Harnessing the power of renewable energy sources not only reduces greenhouse gas emissions but also leads to economic growth and job creation in the renewable energy sector.

Water Filtration and Conservation

Science has greatly contributed to improving water filtration systems and promoting water conservation. Advanced technologies such as reverse osmosis and ultraviolet (UV) disinfection are used to remove impurities and pathogens from water, making it safe for consumption.

These filtration systems are essential in areas where access to clean drinking water is limited. Additionally, scientific research has led to the development of water-saving devices and techniques, such as low-flow showerheads and rainwater harvesting systems.

These innovations help conserve water resources and reduce water wastage, ultimately benefiting both the environment and our daily lives.

Weather Forecasting

Weather forecasting relies heavily on scientific advancements to accurately predict and analyze weather patterns. Meteorologists use a variety of tools and technologies, including satellites, radar systems, and computer models, to collect data and make predictions about future weather conditions.

By understanding atmospheric phenomena and analyzing historical data, scientists can provide crucial information regarding upcoming storms, hurricanes, and other weather events. Accurate weather forecasts not only help us plan our daily activities but also play a vital role in disaster preparedness and mitigation efforts, potentially saving lives and minimizing damage.

Recycling and Waste Management

In today’s world, proper waste management and recycling have become essential for the health of our environment. Science has played a significant role in developing efficient recycling processes and waste management systems.

Recycling helps reduce the amount of waste sent to landfills and conserves valuable resources. Through various scientific methods, materials such as paper, plastic, glass, and metal can be recycled and used for the production of new products.

Furthermore, advancements in waste management technologies, such as waste-to-energy systems, enable the conversion of waste materials into renewable energy sources. These innovations not only reduce the environmental impact of waste but also contribute to a more sustainable and circular economy.

Science continues to drive innovations and advancements in the energy and environmental sectors. By embracing renewable energy, implementing efficient water filtration and conservation methods, improving weather forecasting accuracy, and promoting recycling and waste management, we can create a more sustainable and environmentally friendly future.

Transportation Innovations

Aircraft technology.

Aircraft technology has come a long way since the Wright brothers’ first flight. Today, we have advanced and sophisticated airplanes that allow us to travel to any corner of the world in a matter of hours.

From the use of composite materials to improve fuel efficiency, to the development of quieter engines and advanced navigation systems, science has played a crucial role in revolutionizing air travel. The aerodynamic design of modern airplanes allows them to achieve incredible speeds while maintaining stability and safety.

This not only makes air travel more convenient for passengers but also reduces the environmental impact of aviation.

Automotive Engineering

The field of automotive engineering has witnessed tremendous advancements, making our cars safer, more efficient, and more comfortable. Science has enabled the development of innovative safety features such as airbags, ABS brakes, and collision avoidance systems, which have significantly reduced the number of accidents and saved countless lives.

The use of lightweight materials and aerodynamic designs has made cars more fuel-efficient, reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Additionally, the integration of GPS technology and smart infotainment systems has made navigation and entertainment more convenient for drivers and passengers alike.

Traffic Optimization Systems

With the increasing number of vehicles on the road, traffic congestion has become a major issue in many cities around the world. Science has played a vital role in developing traffic optimization systems that help manage and reduce congestion.

These systems use advanced algorithms and real-time data to analyze traffic patterns and suggest the most efficient routes for drivers. By optimizing traffic flow, these systems not only save time for commuters but also reduce fuel consumption and air pollution.

Examples of such systems include smart traffic lights, intelligent transportation systems, and traffic management apps.

Supply Chain Logistics

Supply chain logistics involves the management and coordination of the flow of goods and services from the point of origin to the point of consumption. Science has revolutionized this field by introducing innovative technologies and processes that improve efficiency and reduce costs.

For example, the use of barcode scanning, RFID tags, and GPS tracking has made inventory management more accurate and streamlined. Advanced analytics and predictive modeling help optimize routing and scheduling, ensuring timely delivery while minimizing transportation costs.

These innovations have transformed the way goods are transported, making supply chains more efficient and responsive to customer demands.

Insights into Our World

Science plays a fundamental role in our daily lives, often in ways we may not even realize. From the stars in the sky to the products we use, science provides us with valuable insights and understanding. Let’s explore some examples of how science impacts our everyday activities.

Astronomy and Space Science

Have you ever looked up at the night sky and marveled at the stars? Astronomy, the study of celestial objects and phenomena, helps us understand the vastness of the universe. Through telescopes and satellites, scientists have made groundbreaking discoveries about galaxies, planets, and even the origins of the universe itself.

Websites like NASA offer a wealth of information and breathtaking images that bring the wonders of space closer to us.

Physics Principles at Work

Physics is the study of matter and energy, and its principles can be found in many aspects of our daily lives. For example, the laws of motion explain why objects fall to the ground, why vehicles move, and why we can ride a bicycle.

Understanding these principles allows us to design safer cars, build sturdy bridges, and even enjoy thrilling roller coaster rides. Physics is not just for scientists in labs; it’s all around us!

Earth Sciences – Climate, Seismology

Earth sciences, such as climatology and seismology, provide us with valuable knowledge about our planet. Climate science helps us understand the changes happening in our environment and the impact of human activities on the Earth’s climate.

Seismology, the study of earthquakes, allows us to monitor and predict seismic activity, helping to save lives and minimize damage. Websites like climate.gov and USGS offer comprehensive information on these topics.

Chemistry in Everyday Products

Chemistry is present in countless products we use every day, from cleaning supplies to personal care items. For instance, the chemical reactions that occur in batteries power our smartphones and other electronic devices.

Additionally, the development of new materials and pharmaceuticals relies heavily on chemical research. Understanding the principles of chemistry allows us to create safer and more efficient products. Websites like American Chemical Society provide valuable resources on the role of chemistry in our daily lives.

Science is an integral part of our lives, providing us with knowledge and improving our understanding of the world around us. Whether it’s exploring the mysteries of space, harnessing the power of physics, studying our planet’s climate, or utilizing chemistry in everyday products, science impacts our daily activities in profound ways.

As this extensive list of examples shows, science fundamentally shapes our daily lives in modern society. Cutting-edge innovations that enhance how we live, work, communicate, travel, stay healthy, and understand the world all stem from scientific discovery.

Fields like physics, chemistry, biology, astronomy, and engineering create astounding technologies, life-saving medications, and solutions for sustainability. They also unlock deeper insights into our own bodies, the environment, and the universe around us.

So whether you’re video chatting on your phone, cooking dinner, driving your car, or just breathing – you have science to thank! Our modern world simply would not function without the dedicated work of scientists pushing boundaries every day.

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Science is the systematic classification of experience.

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Essay on Science

Introduction.

Children are curious about many things, and they ask questions about what they see around them. Sometimes, they will be eager to know how a fan works or milk turns into curd. So, it would be interesting to teach them that science has an answer to all their queries. This is the perfect time and age to introduce them to the wonder of science through this essay on science.

Science has seen tremendous progress over the years, and we are able to lead a comfortable life because of many scientific inventions and discoveries. Today, everything is run on a machine, and we attribute this success to science. Through this essay on science in English, we will make our children realise its significance and influence in our lives.

Importance of Science

Without science, we would not have reached anywhere, and the comforts we see around us like fans, grinders, washing machines or laptops would not have existed. In this importance of science essay, we will discuss some aspects where science has contributed largely to society.

Can you imagine a day without smartphones? From calling friends and families who are countries apart and sending messages to them to transferring money and paying the bills, science has opened a new world before our eyes through the invention of smartphones. Moreover, it was difficult to travel long distances earlier, but now, we have motor vehicles, metro rails, and bullet trains that make it easy to travel far within a short time.

We have also heard the news of people landing on the moon, and this is the greatest achievement so far in the scientific realm. Likewise, this essay on science emphasises that it would not have been possible without science to stay cool during hot summers or cook our favourite dishes.

Uses of Science

In this part of the essay on science in English, we will see the uses of science in different fields and sectors. This will make children aware of the huge influence of science in our lives and society. We have already seen how science has contributed in the areas of transportation and communication in the previous section. Let us now see its impact on other fields through the importance of science essay.

The field of medicine has hugely benefited from science as it led to the discovery  of medical equipment that cured many diseases. In addition, many agricultural activities have become easy due to the influence of science. With special machines for sowing the seeds and drip irrigation systems, science has taken agriculture to a different level.

Thus, this essay on science emphasises that science has and will continue to amaze us in different ways. So, let us nurture the curiosity of our children through such amazing essays from BYJU’S.

Frequently Asked Questions on Essay on Science

Why is it necessary to study science.

Science is a vast field that teaches many things about the natural and social world. It has made our lives easier with the invention of several gadgets and machinery. So, by studying science, children can also be a part of such discoveries.

Name some famous scientists of the world.

Dr A.P.J Abdul Kalam was a leading scientist whose creation of advanced missiles earned him a place in India’s space research and defence forces. Isaac Newton and Thomas Alva Edison are other recognised scientists whose theories about gravity and the invention of the light bulb respectively revolutionised the field of science.

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Essay on Science in English: Check 200, 300 & 500 Words Essay

Science is the study of logic. It explains why the world is round, why stars twinkle, why light travels faster than sound, why hawks soar higher than crows, why sunflowers face the sun and other phenomena. Science answers every question logically rather than offering mystical interpretations. Students are very interested in science as a topic. This subject is indeed crucial for those hoping to pursue careers in science and related professions.

People who are knowledgeable in science are more self-assured and aware of their environment. Knowing the cause and origin of natural events, a person knowledgeable in science will not be afraid of them.

However, science also has a big impact on a country’s technological advancement and illiteracy.

Table of Content

English-language Long and Short Science Essay

Essay on science  (200 words), essay on science (300 words), essay on science (400 words), essay on science (500 words), essay on science (600 words).

We have included a brief and lengthy English essay on science below for your knowledge and convenience. The writings have been thoughtfully crafted to impart to you the relevance and meaning of science. You will understand what science is, why it matters in daily life, and how it advances national progress after reading the writings. These science essays can be used for essay writing, debate, and other related activities at your institution or school.

Science entails a thorough examination of the behavior of the physical and natural world. Research, experimentation, and observation are used in the study.

The scientific disciplines are diverse. The social sciences, formal sciences, and natural sciences are some of them. Subcategories and sub-sub-categories have been created from these basic categories. The natural sciences include physics, chemistry, biology, earth science, and astronomy; the social sciences include history, geography, economics, political science, sociology, psychology, social studies, and anthropology; and the formal sciences include computer science, logic, statistics, decision theory, and mathematics.

The world has positively transformed because of science. Throughout history, science has produced several inventions that have improved human convenience. We cannot fathom our lives without several of these inventions since they have become essential parts of them.

Global scientists persist in their experiments and occasionally produce more advanced innovations, some of which spark global revolutions. Even if science is helpful, some people have abused knowledge, usually those in positions of authority, to drive an arms race and destroy the environment.

There is no common ground between the ideologies of science and religion. These seeming opposite viewpoints have historically led to a number of confrontations and still do.

Science is a way to learn about, comprehend, examine, and experiment with the physical and natural features of the world in order to apply it to the development of newer technologies that improve human convenience. In science, observation and experimentation are broad and not restricted to a specific concept or area of study.

Applications of Science

Science has given us almost everything we use on a daily basis. Everything, from laptops to washing machines, microwaves to cell phones, and refrigerators to cars, is the result of scientific experimentation. Here are some ways that science affects our daily lives:

Not only are refrigerators, grills, and microwaves examples of scientific inventions, but gas stoves, which are frequently used for food preparation, are as well.

Medical Interventions

Scientific advancements have made it feasible to treat a number of illnesses and conditions. Thus, science encourages healthy living and has helped people live longer.

Interaction

These days, mobile phones and internet connections are necessities in our life and were all made possible by scientific advancements. These innovations have lowered barriers to communication and widened global connections.

E nergy Source

The creation and application of numerous energy forms have been facilitated by the discovery of atomic energy. One of its greatest innovations is electricity, and everyone is aware of the effects it has on daily life.

Variety in Cuisine

There has also been an increase in food diversity. These days, a wide variety of fruits and vegetables are available year-round. It’s not necessary to wait for a given season to enjoy a certain meal. This modification is the result of scientific experimentation.

So, science is a part of our daily existence. Without scientific advancements, our lives would have been considerably more challenging and varied. Nonetheless, we cannot ignore the fact that a great deal of scientific innovation has contributed to environmental deterioration and a host of health issues for humankind.

There are essentially three main disciplines of science. The Natural Sciences, Social Sciences, and Formal Sciences are some of them. To examine different aspects, these branches are further divided into subcategories. This is a thorough examination of these groups and their subgroups.

Scientific Subdisciplines

Natural Science

This is the study of natural phenomena, as the name implies. It investigates how the cosmos and the world function. Physical science and life science are subcategories of natural science.

a) Science of Physics

The subcategories of physical science comprise the following:

• Physics is the study of matter’s and energy’s properties.
• Chemistry is the study of the materials that make up matter.
• The study of space and celestial bodies is called astronomy.
• Ecology is the study of how living things interact with their natural environments and with one another.
• Geology: It studies the composition and physical makeup of Earth.
• Earth science is the study of the atmosphere and the physical makeup of the planet.
• The study of the physical and biological components and phenomena of the ocean is known as oceanography.
• Meteorology: It studies the atmospheric processes.

The subcategories of life science include the following:

• The study of living things is called biology.
• The study of plants is known as botany.
• The study of animals is known as zoology.

c) Social Science

This includes examining social patterns and behavioral patterns in people. It is broken down into more than one subcategory. Among them are:

• History: The examination of past occurrences
• Political science is the study of political processes and governmental structures.
• Geographic: Study of the atmospheric and physical characteristics of Earth.
• Human society is studied in social studies.
• Sociology: The study of how societies form and operate.

Academic Sciences

It is the area of study that examines formal systems like logic and mathematics. It encompasses the subsequent subcategories:

• Numbers are studied in mathematics.
• Reasoning is the subject of logic.
• Statistics: It is the study of numerical data analysis.
• Mathematical analysis of decision-making in relation to profit and loss is known as decision theory.
• The study of abstract organization is known as systems theory.
• Computer science is the study of engineering and experimentation as a foundation for computer design and use.

Scientists from several fields have been doing in-depth research and testing numerous facets of the subject matter in order to generate novel ideas, innovations, and breakthroughs. Although these discoveries and technologies have made life easier for us, they have also permanently harmed both the environment and living things.

Introduction

Science is the study of various physical and natural phenomena’ structures and behaviors. Before drawing any conclusions, scientists investigate these factors, make extensive observations, and conduct experiments. In the past, science has produced a number of inventions and discoveries that have been beneficial to humanity.

I deas in Religion and Science

In science, new ideas and technologies are developed through a methodical and rational process; in religion, however, beliefs and faith are the only factors considered. In science, conclusions are reached by careful observation, analysis, and experimentation; in religion, however, conclusions are rarely reached through reason. As a result, they have very different perspectives on things.

Science and Religion at Odds

Because science and religion hold different opinions on many issues, they are frequently perceived as being at odds. Unfortunately, these disputes occasionally cause social unrest and innocent people to suffer. These are a few of the most significant disputes that have happened.

The World’s Creation

The world was formed in six days, according to many conservative Christians, sometime between 4004 and 8000 BCE. However, cosmologists assert that the Earth originated about 4.5 billion years ago and that the cosmos may be as old as 13.7 billion years.

The Earth as the Universe’s Center

Among the most well-known clashes is this one. Earth was considered to be the center of the universe by the Roman Catholic Church. They say that it is surrounded by the Sun, Moon, stars, and other planets. Famous Italian mathematician and astronomer Galileo Galilei’s discovery of the heliocentric system—in which the Sun is at the center of the solar system and the Earth and other planets orbit it—led to the conflict.

Eclipses of the Sun and Moon

Iraq was the scene of one of the first wars. The locals were informed by the priests that the moon eclipse was caused by the gods’ restlessness. These were seen as foreboding and intended to overthrow the kings. When the local astronomers proposed a scientific explanation for the eclipse, a disagreement arose.

There are still many myths and superstitions concerning solar and lunar eclipses around the world, despite astronomers providing a compelling and rational explanation for their occurrence.

In addition to these, there are a number of other fields in which religious supporters and scientists hold divergent opinions. While scientists, astronomers, and biologists have evidence to support their claims, the majority of people adhere closely to religious beliefs.

Not only do religious activists frequently oppose scientific methods and ideas, but many other facets of society have also taken issue with science since its discoveries are leading to a host of social, political, environmental, and health problems. Nuclear weapons are one example of a scientific invention that threatens humanity. In addition, the processes involved in preparation and the utilization of the majority of scientifically created equipment contribute to pollution, making life more difficult for all.

In the previous few decades, a number of scientific advancements and discoveries have greatly eased people’s lives. The previous ten years were not an anomaly. A good number of important scientific discoveries were acknowledged. The top ten most amazing recent scientific inventions are shown below.

New Developments and Findings in Science

Amputee Gains Control of Biomechanical Hand via Mental After a tragic accident took away his forearm, Pierpaolo Petruzziello, an Italian, used his mind to control a biomechanical hand attached to his arm. The hand used wires and electrodes to connect to the nerves in his arm. He became the first to become skilled at doing motions like gripping objects, wriggling his fingers, and moving.

The Global Positioning System

In 2005, the Global Positioning System, or GPS as it is more often known, went into commercial use. It was incorporated into mobile devices and worked wonders for tourists all over the world. Traveling to more recent locations and needing instructions couldn’t be simpler.

The Self-Driving Car Toyota debuted Prius shortly after Google launched its own self-driving car experiment in 2008. The accelerator, steering wheel, and brake pedals are absent from this vehicle. It runs without the need for user input because it is driven by an electric motor. To guarantee that the driverless experience is seamless and secure, it is integrated with specialized software, a collection of sensors, and precise digital maps.

Android, widely regarded as one of the most significant innovations of the decade, revolutionized the market by flooding it with devices running Java and Symbian earlier on. These days, Android is the operating system used by the majority of smartphones. Millions of applications are supported by it.

c) Computer Vision

A number of sub-domains fall under the umbrella of computer vision, including learning, video tracking, object recognition, object pose estimation, event detection, indexing, picture restoration, and scene reconstruction. In order to produce symbolic information, the field includes methods for processing, analyzing, obtaining, and understanding images in high-dimensional data from the real world.

d) Touch Screen Technology

It appears that touch screen technology has taken over the planet. The popularity of touch screen gadgets can be attributed to their ease of use. These gadgets are becoming quite popular everywhere.

e) Method of 3D Printing

The 3D printer is capable of producing a wide range of items, such as lamps, cookware, accessories, and much more. Alternatively referred to as additive manufacturing, this process uses digital model data from electronic data sources like Additive Manufacturing Files (AMF) to construct three-dimensional items of any shape.

Git Hub is an online hosting service and version control repository that was founded in 2008. It provides features including bug tracking, task management, feature requests, and the sharing of codes, apps, and other materials. The GitHub platform was first developed in 2007, and the website went live in 2008.

f) Smart Timepieces

The market for smart watches has been around for a while. The more recent models, like the one introduced by Apple, have garnered enormous popularity and come with a number of extra capabilities. Nearly all of the functionality found on smartphones are included in these watches, which are also more convenient to wear and use.

g) Websites for Crowdfunding

The emergence of crowdsourcing websites like Indiegogo, Kickstarter, and GoFundMe has been a blessing for innovators. Inventors, artists, and other creative people can share their ideas and gain the funding they need to put them into action by using these websites.

Global scientists constantly observe and experiment to develop new scientific discoveries that improve people’s lives. Not only do they consistently create new technologies, but they also adapt the ones that already exist whenever there is an opportunity. Even while these innovations have made life easier for humans, you are all aware of the numerous environmental, social, and political risks they have brought about.

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Essay on Science- FAQs

Who is father of science.

Galileo is the father of science.

Why is it called science?

The word “scientia” has Latin origins and originally meant “knowledge,” “an expertness,” or “experience.”

What is science for students?

Science is the study of the world by observation, recording, listening, and watching. Science is the application of intellectual inquiry into the nature of the world and its behavior. Think like a scientist, anyone can.

What is science’s primary goal or objective?

Science’s primary goal is to provide an explanation for the facts. Moreover, science does not prohibit the explanation of facts in an arbitrary manner. Additionally, science organizes the data and develops theories to explain the data.

Describe what a scientific fact is.

Repeatable, meticulous observations or measurements made through experiments or other methods are referred to as scientific facts. Furthermore, empirical evidence is another name for a scientific fact. Most importantly, the development of scientific hypotheses depends on scientific facts.

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August 20, 2024

Science Improves When People Realize They Were Wrong

Science means being able to change your mind in light of new evidence

By Naomi Oreskes

Scott Brundage

Many traits that are expected of scientists—dispassion, detachment, prodigious attention to detail, putting caveats on everything, and always burying the lede—are less helpful in day-to-day life. The contrast between scientific and everyday conversation, for example, is one reason that so much scientific com­­munication fails to hit the mark with broader audiences. (One ob­server put it bluntly : “Scienti­­fic writing is all too often ... bad writing.”) One aspect of science, however, is a good model for our behavior, especially in times like these, when so many people seem to be sure that they are right and their opponents are wrong. It is the ability to say, “Wait—hold on. I might have been wrong.”

Not all scientists live up to this ideal, of course. But history offers admirable examples of scientists admitting they were wrong and changing their views in the face of new evidence and arguments. My favorite comes from the history of plate tectonics.

In the early 20th century German geophysicist and meteorologist Alfred Wegener proposed the theory of continental drift, suggesting that continents were not fixed on Earth’s surface but had mi­­grated widely during the planet’s history. Wegener was not a crank: he was a prominent scientist who had made important contributions to meteorology and polar re­­search. The idea that the now separate continents had once been somehow connected was supported by extensive evidence from stratigraphy and paleontology—evidence that had already inspired other theories of continental mobility. His proposal did not get ignored: it was discussed throughout Eur­ope, North America, South Africa and Australia in the 1920s and early 1930s. But a majority of scientists rejected it, particularly in the U.S., where geologists objected to the form of the theory and geophysicists clung to a model of Earth that seemed to be incompatible with moving continents.

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In the late 1950s and 1960s the debate was reopened as new evidence flooded in, especially from the ocean floor. By the mid-1960s some leading scientists—including Patrick M. S. Blackett of Imperial College London, Harry Hammond Hess of Princeton University, John Tuzo Wilson of the University of Toronto and Edward Bullard of the University of Cambridge—endorsed the idea of continental motions. Between 1967 and 1968 this revival began to coalesce as the theory of plate tectonics.

Not, however, at what was then known as the Lamont Geological Laboratory, part of Columbia University. Under the direction of geophysicist Maurice Ewing, Lamont was one of the world’s most respected centers of marine geophysical research in the 1950s and 1960s. With financial and logistical support from the U.S. Navy, Lamont researchers amassed prodigious amounts of data on the heat flow, seis­micity, bathymetry and structure of the seafloor. But Lamont under Ewing was a bastion of resistance to the new theory.

It’s not clear why Ewing so strongly opposed continental drift. It may be that having trained in electrical engineering, physics and math, he never really warmed to geological questions. The evidence suggests that Ewing never engaged with Wegener’s work. In a grant proposal written in 1947, Ewing even confused “Wegener” with “Wagner,” referring to the “Wagner hypothesis of continental drift.”

And Ewing was not alone at Lamont in his ignorance of de­­bates in geology. One scientist recalled that in 1965 he personally “was only vaguely aware of the hy­­pothesis” [of continental drift] and that colleagues at Lamont who were familiar with it were mostly “skeptical and dis­missive.” Ewing was also known to be auto­cratic; one oceanographer called him the “oceanographic equivalent of General Patton.” It wasn’t an environment that en­­couraged dissent.

One scientist who did change his mind was Xavier Le Pichon . In the spring of 1966 Le Pichon had just defended his Ph.D. thesis, which denied the possibility of regional crustal mobility. After seeing some key data at Lamont—data that had been presented at a meeting of the American Geophysical Union just that week—he went home and asked his wife to pour him a drink, saying, “The conclusions of my thesis are wrong.”

Le Pichon had used heat-flow data to “prove” that Hess’s hypothesis of seafloor spreading—the idea that basaltic magma welled up from the mantle at the mid-­oceanic ridges, creating pressure that split the ocean floor and drove the two halves apart—was incorrect. Now new geomagnetic data convinced him that the hypothesis was correct and that something was wrong with either the heat-flow data or his interpretation of them.

Le Pichon has described this event as “extremely painful,” explaining in an essay that “during a period of 24 hours, I had the im­­pres­sion that my whole world was crumbling. I tried desperately to reject this new evidence.” But then he did what all good scientists should do: he set aside his bruised ego (presumably after polishing off that drink) and got back to work. Within two years he had co-­authored several key papers that helped to establish plate tectonics. By 1982 he was one of the world’s most cited scientists—one of only two geophysicists to earn that distinction.

In the years that followed, Lamont scientists made many crucial contributions to plate tectonics, and Le Pichon became one of the leading earth scientists of his generation, garnering numerous awards, distinctions and medals, including (ironically) the Maurice Ewing Medal from the American Geophysical Union. In science, as in life, it pays to be able to admit when you are wrong and change your mind.

This is an opinion and analysis article, and the views expressed by the author or authors are not necessarily those of Scientific American.

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Essay on Scientific Discoveries

• Updated on  
• Feb 7, 2024

Writing and speaking skills are the most important skills in the world. It shows how well a student will convey his or her ideas, experiences and thoughts. Essays are one of the most popular forms of writing to ascertain an applicant’s general knowledge, experiences, writing style and language skills. It is used in many entrance exams like SAT, IELTS, TOEFL and in college applications as well. From a very early age, school curriculums have been encouraging students to write essays and give speeches. Sometimes the topics provided to students can be complicated. So, today we have come up to help the students with an essay on Scientific Discoveries.

Check out our 200+ Essay Topics for School Students in English

Five Qualities of A Good Essay

Before we provide you with an essay on scientific discoveries. Let’s learn about essay writing. Writing an essay is a difficult thing. The writing should be rich in content plus should not bore its readers. Here are the five qualities a perfect essay should have:-

• Focus: All of your writing should come under one single topic. No matter how vast your essay is, it should always revolve around the topic of the essay. Avoid unnecessary details.
• Development: Every paragraph of your essay should centre the topic of your essay. Try to use examples, details and descriptions.
• Free composition: Always follow a basic structure. Before finalising your essay, jot down the points you would like to mention and then make a series. Do not surprise the reader with complicated words, try to keep it as simple as possible. 
• Correctness: Make sure your essay is free from any grammatical errors, spelling mistakes, mismatched sentences, etc. Always use standard English and complete sentences.
• Introduction and Conclusion: The introduction and the conclusion of the writing are the most important parts of the essay. The first impression is always the last, and so is the introduction of your writing. After reading the first two or three lines, if the reader gets bored, he may not read your whole essay. So make sure your essay contains a crispy beginning. Alternatively, make the conclusion so strong and effective that the reader never forgets your essay. Don’t feel afraid to use quotes, catchy lines, slogans and all. They are the cherry on the cake for your essay.

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Sample Essay on Scientific Discoveries

Here is an example of an essay on scientific discoveries to help them out in their school assignments.

Everything around us is a great discovery. Be it a necessity, comfort, or luxury, they all came from different scientific discoveries that took place over some time. Starting from a small pin to a big ship, everything is just a mere invention to make the lives of humans easier. Scientistic discoveries take place in every arena of thought so before we talk about these inventions. Let’s examine what is science. What is science? Science is a system for acquiring knowledge. We use observations, and experimentation to come to a conclusion and explain any natural phenomenon. In simple language, science is the systematic field of study or knowledge gained from experimentations, observations and some accepted facts. And so scientific discoveries have done miracles in human lives.  Scientific discoveries and inventions have made our lives easier and more comfortable than we could have ever imagined. Scientific equipment accomplishes lengthy tasks in just minutes. Be it in the health sector, education, transportation, and more. All the inventions are just the gifts of science. Nowadays we are in a situation where without science, we cannot imagine our survival. In the absence of Science, no country, and no single person would have made progress. Scientific discoveries and inventions are machines that accomplish any task of humans either fully or partially. According to the business dictionary, the word ‘invention’ is “a new scientific or technical idea and the means of its embodiment or accomplishment. To be patentable, an invention must be novel, have utility, and be non-obvious. To be called an invention, an idea only needs to be proven as workable. But to be called an innovation, it must also be replicable at an economical cost and must satisfy a specific need. That’s why only a few inventions lead to innovations because not all of them are economically feasible.” Wikipedia further says, “An invention is a unique or novel device, method, composition or process. It may be an improvement upon a machine or product or a new process for creating an object or a result. An invention that achieves a unique function or result may be a radical breakthrough. Such works are novel and not obvious to others skilled in the same field.” These definitions made us clear about how important scientific discovery is for us. Due to science, we can get all kinds of things we desire for. Electricity is a miracle that gives us light even in the dark. It further helps us to run industries conserve the environment and control pollution .  A cricket match is going on in America and we can watch it. Why? Inventions! Nowadays medical science is doing its best all over the world. Let us not forget computers, which is the greatest invention of mankind.  However, it is rightly said that every coin has two sides. Scientific discoveries and inventions have given us a lot and at the same time created a lot of disadvantages too. Nowadays people have become so dependent on technology that even walking has become difficult. Inventions made people so lazy, especially the young generation. All they could think about now is sitting at their home, with their computers and tablets on.

Gone are the days when people used to go out, play and have actual fun in life. Also, scientific inventions have made people jobless. Employers are substituting their employees with heavy machines. And this is the sad reality everywhere. Along with a luxurious life, technology has made our lives more complicated. People nowadays catch the disease early due to no exercise and sitting in front of their computer the whole day.  The biggest and most disastrous inventions are weapons, guns and bombs. What’s worse than taking the life of people? It has ruined unity, peace and harmony all over the world.  Scientific discoveries and inventions have contributed so much that my essay would never be enough to explain it. Ultimately, I would like to say that do not take up the monstrous side. Try the blessing of discoveries and make your life better in every aspect.

Also Read: Essay on Information Technology in 400 Words

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The Benefits of Donating Your Body to Medical Science

Columbia’s Anatomical Donor Program gives students the education of a lifetime — and donors some posthumous perks.

It’s not unusual for people to donate their bodies, or parts of their bodies, to science. In fact, almost 170 million Americans are registered organ donors, and people with specific medical conditions often donate their bodies for disease research. But giving your body to a medical school so that students can learn anatomy — the fundamental basis of medicine — is not an option you can check off while renewing your driver’s license. That may help explain why many institutions, including Columbia, are currently experiencing a body shortage.

This is an urgent problem, because for first-year medical students, a cadaver is the ultimate learning tool. “In a sense, that body is a student’s first patient,” says Paulette Bernd ’77GSAS, ’80VPS, director of the Anatomical Donor Program at CUIMC. Bernd, who runs the clinical gross-anatomy course at Columbia and gives most of the lectures, maintains that regardless of the increasing sophistication of 3D computer models, there is no better teacher than the human body itself. “An actual body is obviously more realistic,” she says. “The artery or the nerves or the muscles might not look like they do in the textbook, so there’s an act of discovery that students have to do on their own.”

At Columbia, all first-year medical, dental, and physical-therapy students take a human dissection course, and the rewards of studying real bodies can’t be overstated. “For those who are going into surgery — which is a pretty good number of medical students here — it’s invaluable,” says Louie Kulber, a second-year MD-PhD student. “They’re never going to have another opportunity to do a full-body dissection, where it’s OK to make mistakes.” Then there’s the human side: “You have to care for your cadaver and keep it properly covered. You have to make sure you’re being respectful.” 

Last spring, Kulber helped organize Columbia’s annual anatomical-donor memorial service, which dates to the 1970s. More than 150 students and faculty gathered in the Vagelos Education Center at CUIMC to honor the donors with whom they had become so powerfully connected. Bernd, along with University chaplain Jewelnel Davis and dean of students Jean-Marie Alves-Bradford, offered remarks, and then the students got up to talk about “the incredible selflessness of the donors,” Kulber says.

During Bernd’s course, which runs from August to December, two moments of silence are observed. One comes at the beginning, when the cadavers are first brought out. The other comes toward the end. “In the class, we start with the chest and then work our way to the arms and legs, then back to the chest and abdomen,” says Kulber. “The last thing we do is the head.” Up to that point, the head is covered with an opaque bag, and students take time to silently express their gratitude before the bag is removed. “As the semester goes on, little by little, the work becomes more mechanical,” explains Kulber. “But when you see the face, it all comes back: this is a person. So there’s this very emotional response.”

Because of the body shortage, and because dissection takes time, Bernd has two groups of students sharing one donor. “If the first group does the upper arm, then the next group will do the forearm,” Bernd says. “And they’ll learn from each other’s dissections.” And because the lab is open at all hours, students can return at night and on weekends to examine other cadavers. “You can see big people, small people, people of different ethnicities, people with different conditions or comorbidities and different causes of death,” Kulber says. “The lab is accessible to the entire class.”

To qualify as a donor, a person must be over eighteen at the time of death and within sixty miles of the University. The body cannot be morbidly obese or emaciated and cannot have had a communicable disease or recent major surgery. Columbia will pick up the body and bring it to the morgue at CUIMC. The embalming process takes six months, since the embalming fluid must diffuse through all the body’s systems and tissues. Once the body is prepared, it becomes available for Bernd’s lab.

Donors benefit in multiple ways, says Bernd. One is knowing that, after they die, they will provide an unparalleled training opportunity for future physicians; another is saving on the cost of burial. Columbia pays for the donor’s cremation, gets the death certificate, and returns the ashes to the family. Alternatively, the ashes can be interred, for free, in a Columbia plot at Green-Wood Cemetery in Brooklyn, the gentle-sloped, verdant resting place of Horace Greeley, Boss Tweed, Leonard Bernstein, and Jean-Michel Basquiat.

There, among the elms, a granite monument reads: In memory of those individuals whose bequeathal to Columbia University advanced medical science. IN LUMINE TUO VIDEBIMUS LUMEN. 

If you are interested in donating your body to medical science, visit the webpage of Columbia's  Anatomical Donor Program  for instructions and contact information. 

This article appears in the Fall 2024 print edition of Columbia Magazine with the title "Body of Knowledge." 

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Nicki Lisa Cole

August 29th, 2024, how far can we assess the societal impact of open science.

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Estimated reading time: 7 minutes

Drawing on a review of the published research into the societal impact of open science, Nicki Lisa Cole and colleagues find considerable evidence for the benefits of citizen science, but a much thinner evidence base for the impact of other aspects of open science. Their findings suggest that there is a greater need to consider how these impacts are monitored, and an opportunity to address open science as an inclusive practice, rather than simply a method of opening scientific outputs.

Open Science is a collection of practices that aim to open the scientific process and its outputs for the benefit of both science and society . In doing so, Open Science is meant to increase the societal impact of science, relative to the traditionally ‘closed’ nature of it. Proponents believe that Open Science should democratise both the scientific process by fostering societal inclusion in it, and through free, Open Access to published reports and data sets. Proponents also believe that Open Access materials will better enable policymakers to develop evidence-based policies.

However, to date, there is a lack of cohesive evidence to prove that Open Science is achieving its aim of fostering societal impact. There are more and more efforts around the world to measure and monitor the implementation of Open Science practices (often referred to as “uptake”), like the European Commission’s Open Science Monitor , but there is no systematic way of monitoring its societal impact.

In response to this gap, we set out to synthesise and evaluate published evidence of societal impacts stemming from Open Science generally, and its key aspects , including Open Access publications, open/FAIR data , open-source code and software, open evaluation, and Citizen Science. Our scoping review considered more than 14,000 published papers and reports, and identified within these 196 that demonstrated evidence of societal impact.

We found considerable evidence for a multitude of societal impacts stemming from Citizen Science. In fact, as shown in Fig.1, nearly all of the existing published evidence focuses on this aspect of Open Science.

Fig.1: Number of papers by type of Open Science (% of all papers). Figure created by Eva Kormann.

The societal impacts attributed to Open Science within this literature include mostly positive impacts in education and awareness, to the climate and environment, the fostering of social engagement with science and within communities, impacts on policy and governance, equity and empowerment, as well as on health and healthcare, trust in and attitudes toward science, and privacy and ethics.

Fig.2: Number of papers by type of impact (% of all papers). Papers may demonstrate more than one type of impact. Figure created by Eva Kormann.

Because most of the papers included in our society focused on Citizen Science , and other forms of participatory, inclusive research, most of the evidence around types of impact, shown in Fig.2, is attributed to it.

The evidence shows that by opening the scientific process to include the participation of ordinary citizens, of all ages and in communities around the world, a diverse array of beneficial societal impacts can be achieved. Among the largest set of impacts are those that we classified as forms of education and awareness. The evidence shows that Citizen Science leads to increases in both subject and scientific knowledge and skills, and that it fosters an interest in science. Importantly, these benefits are not limited to project participants but extend to their families, social networks, and communities.

There is also considerable evidence that Citizen Science drives positive impacts on our climate and the environment. The literature shows that participating in Citizen Science leads to beneficial changes in awareness of, attitudes toward, and values related to climate and environmental issues, and changes in behaviour that benefit both. There is evidence that these impacts occur in various realms, including conservation, biodiversity, pollution, natural resource management, and in community development and activism.

And, while we found evidence that data generated through Citizen Science projects can fill important gaps that better allow communities and government agencies to monitor the climate and environmental issues, we found rather limited evidence of policy impact stemming from Citizen Science or other aspects of Open Science, with some reporting on the difficulties of achieving this. There is sometimes a lack of respect for Citizen Science data and competing political and corporate interests in the policymaking process.

Evidence of societal impact from other aspects of Open Science is limited. We found some evidence that Open Access publications democratize access to knowledge. Open Access books have more geographically diverse readership than do books for purchase, and Open Access publications typically foster more interaction on social media, on blogs and on Wikipedia. However, these studies are largely based on altmetrics , which are used to measure the reach of a publication and engagement with it, but do not actually measure the societal impact of these publications beyond this.

Notably, we found no published evidence that open/FAIR data creates societal impact. While there is quite some evidence that Open Government Data creates societal impact (out of scope for our study), there was no evidence at the time of our study that open academic data does this. This does not mean that open/FAIR data is not producing societal impact. It very well may. However, no studies have yet to provide evidence that this is happening.

It’s clear that establishing the societal impact of Open Science requires considerably more research effort, particularly around open/FAIR data, open-source code and software, and Open Access publications. Admittedly, we recognise that doing this work is challenging in that it requires first tracing usage of an Open Science resource before evaluating the impact of using that source. On the other hand, the large amount of evidence from Citizen Science is likely due to the fact that there are established methods for evaluating conditions prior to and after a Citizen Science project. It is fairly easy for a Citizen Science research team to build this type of impact evaluation into any given project.

Yet, we can conclude that opening the scientific process leads to a diversity of beneficial societal impacts. This is an important finding because, to date, science policy and funding for Open Science has tended to focus on fostering, and even requiring, open outputs, and providing extensive and expensive infrastructures and platforms to achieve this. Typically, science policy and funding have put far less emphasis on opening the process. We hope that science policymakers and funders will take note of our findings and recognize the immense value of societally inclusive approaches to science.

This post draws on the author’s co-authored article,  The societal impact of Open Science: a scoping review , published in Royal Society Open Science. 

The content generated on this blog is for information purposes only. This Article gives the views and opinions of the authors and does not reflect the views and opinions of the Impact of Social Science blog (the blog), nor of the London School of Economics and Political Science. Please review our  comments policy  if you have any concerns on posting a comment below.

Image Credit: Featured image,  Sergey Nivens , on Shutterstock , Author headshot: Thomas Klebel

About the author

Nicki Lisa Cole, PhD, is a Senior Researcher in the Open and Reproducible Research Group at Know-Center, in Graz, Austria. Nicki is a sociologist with a research focus on diversity, equity and inclusion within scientific research and scholarship. She leads research focused on epistemic diversity, societal inclusion and impact, and contributes to policy evaluation on related topics.

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Trends in Medicine

The benefits of the latest ai technologies for patients and clinicians.

Today, artificial intelligence (AI) is changing the trajectory of health care—from automating routine tasks and increasing efficiency to improving diagnoses, accelerating the discovery of more effective treatments, and so much more.

“When we talk about the application of AI, we can think of applying it across the entire spectrum of health care specialties, from the administrative side through to clinical care,” explains Samir Kendale, MD, FASA, medical director of Anaesthesia Informatics at Beth Israel Lahey Health, assistant professor of Anaesthesia at Harvard Medical School, and course director of the Harvard Medical School Continuing Education course, AI in Clinical Medicine .

The Need for Clinicians to Get Up to Speed on AI

Despite the potential AI brings, Kendale points out that many health care providers are not yet familiar with this technology. “AI wasn’t introduced in medical school until recently,” he says. This means that generations of doctors have not been trained on how AI works or how to use it. But, with changing times comes the need for clinicians to fill in their skill gaps in this area.

“It’s prime time for clinicians to learn how to incorporate AI into their jobs,” agrees Maha Farhat, MD, MSc, associate physician of Pulmonary and Critical Care at Massachusetts General Hospital, and Gil Omenn, Associate Professor of Biomedical Informatics at Harvard Medical School. Farhat also joins Kendale and Isaac Kohane, MD, PhD, as a course director of AI in Clinical Medicine.

When clinicians get up to speed on AI, Farhat says that they will be able to use the latest tools strategically to benefit their practices, their health systems, and the patients they serve. “AI can help us learn new approaches to treatment and diagnostic testing for some cases that can reduce uncertainty in medicine,” she says.

Exploring AI Use Cases

Here are several examples Kendale and Farhat share that illustrate the benefits AI can bring:

• AI can automate tasks to free up a clinician’s time to focus more on their patients, “humanizing” care in new ways . With many health care providers feeling overworked today, tools like medical scribe technology can automatically capture visit notes and store them in a patient’s medical record, even flagging key details and insights. This can increase efficiency and free up clinicians to focus more on face-to-face time with their patients. “Doctors can also use AI algorithms to write letters to patients, to collect past history and summarize it to support medical decision making, and to select the best medicine for each patient’s specific case,” Kendale says. All of this can reduce the manual and cognitive burden that many clinicians are feeling. Ultimately, this can help prevent clinician burnout while improving the patient experience.
• AI can help clinicians better interpret imaging results. For instance, in gastroenterology, AI can improve the process of getting colonoscopy results, using image recognition to detect and identify polyps on the imaging files. AI can also be used to interpret EKG and CAT scan results and to identify irregularities. While this doesn’t replace the need for specialists in pathology, histology, or radiology, Kendale points out that it can help these experts put their time to better use. Additionally, AI can clear those imaging tests with normal results and flag those that need to be reviewed more closely by the experts, helping them focus their time in the very best way. AI can also help clinicians hone in on the top four or five possible diagnoses to consider. This means that patients can get their results sooner, and clinicians can spend more time focused on patient care.
• AI can help health care organizations improve quality and safety. One example is using AI software to review a large amount of data quickly and easily to identify people at high risk of developing sepsis. This can enable a health system to respond proactively to try to prevent this problem, such as moving a high-risk patient to a unit with higher acuity staffing. AI can also identify people who have a higher likelihood of developing opioid dependency after surgery to monitor them closely and wean them off the drugs as soon as possible. In addition, it can be used to identify areas where drug errors are most likely to occur in a health system so the staff can implement stronger safety protocols. These are just a few of the many ways that AI can be used to help achieve value-based care.
• AI can be an important source of data and expertise for clinicians. In the past, clinicians had to do extensive research to help zero in on a case that was difficult to diagnose or treat. Today, clinicians can ask AI chatbots diagnostic questions and gain immediate access to a wealth of information and advice, saving hours or even days of searching for similar cases. AI can also support clinical decision-making. When clinicians are looking at similar cases to predict who will best respond to certain treatment options, AI can help them better personalize their treatment regimens. 
• AI can aid in the diagnosis and treatment of rare diseases. One of the challenges of diagnosing and treating someone with a rare disease has traditionally been that clinicians may not recognize the signs of a condition they have not personally encountered. Finding other cases of rare diseases online can also be challenging. By scanning large data sets to find similar cases, AI can help clinicians not only get to a diagnosis more quickly but also find examples of treatments that have been effective in people with this condition.

How to Leverage AI

For clinicians looking to boost their AI IQ within their own organizations, Kendale stresses the need to look for the person or team in the health system who oversees informatics. They will be well positioned to explain the options that exist and share the process to integrate these tools into existing workflows or use them to improve processes.

Clinicians can also connect with local, state, and national professional organizations to learn more about using AI and explore the wealth of ways it can benefit their practices and their patients.

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© 2024 by the President and Fellows of Harvard College

Assessing Access to Nature and Their Benefits in EJ Communities Across U.S. Cities with Geospatial Data

With the U.S. urban population at 83%, natural areas in cities is how most people in the U.S. experience nature. Despite their human and environmental health benefits, there are no systematic assessments of natural areas in cities. Furthermore, lack of information about urban natural areas precludes an understanding of EJ and CJ communities’ access to nature. Synchronous with NASA's priorities, this project fills these two knowledge gaps by characterizing the amount and quality of urban natural areas with satellite remote sensing and assessing EJ communities’ geographic and perceived access to urban natural areas and their health benefits.

The project will be undertaken in 17 U.S. cities with in-depth work in 4 cities. It uses satellite data from Landsat, Sentinel-2, PlanetScope, and Worldview-2, and airborne imagery from the National Agriculture Imagery Program to create 1m to 30m multitemporal maps of urban nature. It uses publicly accessible socioeconomic and health data (redlining maps, U.S. Census, American Community Survey) and couples them with novel social science methods such as in vivo observations, community focus group discussions, and confidential surveys. We will create a HAVEN-MAP tool (Health, Access, Vulnerability, Equity, Nature-MAP) using Google Earth Engine to share project findings with end-users and the public.

The study objectives are:

• Measure and quantify urban natural area land cover with multi-source, multi-resolution satellite data in 17 U.S. cities.
• Model and measure the geographic access of EJ communities to urban natural areas and their climate, physical and mental health benefits in 17 U.S. cities.
• Assess the perceived access of EJ communities to urban natural areas, including their socio-cultural and physical barriers in 4 U.S. cities.
• Engage and collaborate with three nationwide end-user NGOs who work with underserved communities to improve access to nature, urban equity, and urban resilience: Forest in Cities, Resilient Cities Network (R-Cities), and the Trust for Public Land. The project has the potential to scale and inform EJ and CJ communities worldwide through R-Cities and its 100 partner cities in 40 countries by developing Earth science methods and products that can be replicated in other cities.

Requisite Skills and Qualifications:

• Experience with geospatial data and methods, including satellite and GIS data (or interest to learn)
• Spatial statistics
• Coding (python and R preferred)

• DOI: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2024.143437
• Corpus ID: 272070025

Does Income Inequality Undermine the Carbon Abatement Benefits of Artificial Intelligence?

• Zequn Dong , Lingran Zhang , +2 authors Lixiang Zhang
• Published in Journal of Cleaner Production 1 August 2024
• Environmental Science, Economics, Computer Science

68 References

Carbon dioxide emissions, population, foreign direct investment, and renewable energy nexus: new insights from thailand, do population-related factors matter for carbon emissions lessons from different income groups of countries, leveraging the power of artificial intelligence toward the energy transition: the key role of the digital economy, assessing the impact of industrial intelligence on urban carbon emission performance: evidence from china, renewable energy, inequality and environmental degradation., how does artificial intelligence affect pollutant emissions by improving energy efficiency and developing green technology, industrialization, urbanization, and innovation: nonlinear drivers of carbon emissions in chinese cities, do the benefits outweigh the disadvantages exploring the role of artificial intelligence in renewable energy, artificial intelligence, green technological progress, energy conservation, and carbon emission reduction in china: an examination based on dynamic spatial durbin modeling, the role of industrial intelligence in peaking carbon emissions in china, related papers.

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