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The Ultimate Guide to Acing the AP U.S. Government & Politics Exam

By Eric Eng

The Ultimate Guide to Acing the AP U.S. Government & Politics Exam

Ready to dive into the fascinating world of U.S. government and politics? Whether you’re a history enthusiast, a budding lawmaker, or just someone curious about how this whole democracy thing works, we’ve got your back! In this blog, we’re spilling the beans on how to ace the AP U.S. Government & Politics Exam.

There is no need for fancy words or confusing jargon here – we’re breaking it down in plain and simple terms. So, grab your favorite study snack, kick back, and get ready to conquer the AP exam like a champ!

What is the AP U.S. Government & Politics Exam?

The AP U.S. Government and Politics Exam is an Advanced Placement exam offered by the College Board that tests students’ understanding of the political concepts covered in the course units, including their ability to analyze foundational documents and apply Supreme Court decisions to real-life scenarios.

What is on the AP U.S. Government & Politics Exam?

The AP U.S. Government & Politics Exam covers various topics related to the U.S. political system. It is designed to test your understanding of the principles, institutions, and processes that shape American government and politics.

The exam consists of two sections:

• Multiple-Choice Questions: This section tests your knowledge of key concepts, institutions, and U.S. government and political policies.
• Free-Response Questions: This section requires you to apply your knowledge and skills to answer questions based on real-world scenarios, analyze data, and write coherent responses.

When you sit for the exam, you can expect to encounter a variety of questions that assess your knowledge and analytical skills in the following areas:

Constitutional Underpinnings of U.S. Government

This section explores the origins and foundations of American government. It delves into the principles and ideas that influenced the creation of the U.S. Constitution, such as federalism, separation of powers, checks and balances, and individual rights. You will be asked to analyze primary source documents, such as the Constitution and the Federalist Papers, to understand the historical context and significance of these principles.

Political Beliefs and Behaviors

This section examines the factors that shape the political attitudes and behaviors of individuals and groups in the United States. You will explore topics such as political socialization, public opinion, political ideology, and the role of the media in shaping public perception. You may be asked to analyze data from public opinion polls, study the impact of demographic factors on voting patterns, or evaluate the influence of interest groups on policy outcomes.

Political Parties, Interest Groups, and Mass Media

In this section, you will study the role and function of political parties, interest groups, and the mass media in the American political system. You will analyze the strategies and tactics employed by political parties to mobilize voters and win elections. Additionally, you will examine the influence of interest groups in shaping public policy and the role of the media in disseminating political information and shaping public opinion.

Institutions of National Government

This section focuses on the three branches of the federal government: the executive, legislative, and judicial branches. You will study the powers and responsibilities of each branch, as well as the checks and balances that exist between them. You may be asked to analyze Supreme Court cases, understand the role of Congress in the legislative process, or evaluate the powers of the presidency.

Public Policy

This section explores the policy-making process in the United States. You will study how policies are formulated, implemented, and evaluated at the federal level. You may be asked to analyze case studies or evaluate the effectiveness of specific policies in addressing societal issues, such as healthcare, education, or the environment.

Civil Rights and Civil Liberties

This section examines the protection of individual rights and liberties in the United States. You will study landmark Supreme Court cases that have shaped the interpretation of the Bill of Rights, such as Brown v. Board of Education and Roe v. Wade. You may be asked to analyze the impact of these decisions on society or evaluate the tension between individual rights and public order.

Overall, the AP U.S. Government & Politics Exam is designed to assess your understanding of the complexities and nuances of the American political system. It requires thinking critically, analyzing primary and secondary sources, and applying your knowledge to real-world scenarios. By mastering the content and skills covered on the exam, you will gain a deeper understanding of the foundations and workings of the U.S. government and politics.

Format of the AP U.S. Government & Politics Exam

How long is the ap u.s. government & politics exam.

The AP U.S. Government & Politics Exam is a comprehensive assessment that evaluates students’ understanding of the principles, institutions, and processes of the U.S. government and political system. The exam is designed to test students’ knowledge and analytical skills in this subject area.

The exam is divided into two sections, each with its own time limit:

• Section 1: Multiple-Choice Questions – In this section, students are required to answer 55 multiple-choice questions within 80 minutes. These questions cover a wide range of topics, including the Constitution, political parties, interest groups, public opinion, and the branches of government. Students must carefully read each question and select the most appropriate answer from the given options.
• Section 2: Free-Response Questions – The second section of the exam consists of 4 free-response questions that must be completed within 100 minutes. These questions assess students’ ability to apply their knowledge of U.S. government and politics to real-world scenarios. Students are expected to analyze political concepts, interpret data, and construct well-reasoned arguments in their responses.

It is essential for students to manage their time effectively during the exam to ensure that they have enough time to complete both sections. Time management is crucial to allocate sufficient time to read and understand each question, formulate thoughtful responses, and review their answers before submitting the exam.

Let’s discuss these sections further in length:

Multiple-Choice Section

The multiple-choice section of the AP U.S. Government and Politics Exam consists of 55 questions covering various topics related to the political landscape in the United States. The topics covered in the multiple-choice section include :

• Foundations of American Democracy: The historical and philosophical ideas underpinning the U.S. Constitution, and the compromises and conflicts that have continued to this day.
• Interactions Among Branches of Government: The distribution of power, and the checks and balances that keep each branch under control.
• Civil Liberties and Civil Rights : The freedoms and protections granted through the Constitution, specifically the Bill of Rights and the Fourteenth Amendment, and the balance between liberty and social order.
• American Political Ideologies and Beliefs: The values and ideas held by both individuals and groups, the factors that influence these beliefs, and the impact of these ideologies on political outcomes.
• Political Participation: The role of citizens in the political process, including voting, campaigning, and engaging with political issues.
• Political Parties: The organization, goals, and strategies of political parties, as well as their impact on the political landscape.

The multiple-choice section is divided into two categories:

• Individual questions (no stimulus): Approximately 30 questions
• Set-based questions: Approximately 25 questions

The set-based questions cover the analysis of quantitative material, text-based primary and secondary sources, and qualitative visual information.

Tackling the Multiple-Choice Section

To tackle the multiple-choice section of the AP U.S. Government and Politics Exam, several strategies can be helpful. Here are some tips:

• Read the entire question: Read each question thoroughly before reviewing answer options. This will help you understand what the question is asking and prevent you from jumping to conclusions.
• Answer it in your mind first: After reading a question, answer it before reviewing the answer options. This will help you avoid talking yourself out of the correct answer.
• Eliminate wrong answers: Eliminate answer options that you are sure are incorrect before selecting the answer you think is correct. This will increase your chances of selecting the right answer.
• Monitor your time: You will have 80 minutes to complete 55 multiple-choice questions, so keeping track of your time and pacing yourself accordingly is essential.
• Focus on key topics: The multiple-choice questions cover various topics, but units 1, 2, and 5 comprise most of the content. Focus on these units when reviewing for the exam.
• Practice: Practice with sample questions and exams to get a feel for the questions that will be asked and to build your confidence.

Remember that the multiple-choice section is worth 50% of your exam score, so it is vital to approach it with a clear strategy and a solid understanding of the course material.

Free-Response Section

The free-response section of the AP U.S. Government and Politics Exam consists of four questions, each of which is worth 12.5% of the total score . The questions cover various topics and require students to demonstrate their understanding of political concepts and ability to apply this knowledge to real-world scenarios .  The types of questions in the free-response section include:

• Concept Application: Students are given a political scenario and must explain the impact of a political “institution, behavior, or process” .
• Quantitative Analysis: This question type requires students to analyze and interpret data related to political concepts and processes .
• SCOTUS Comparison: Students are asked to compare and contrast a Supreme Court case with a current political issue or situation .
• Argument Essay: This question type requires students to construct a well-reasoned argument about a specific political topic or issue .

The free-response section lasts 1 hour and 40 minutes, accounting for 50% of the total AP Gov score, with each question worth 3-6 raw points . To excel in this section, students should practice writing essays that effectively address the prompts and demonstrate a deep understanding of the course material.

Tackling the Free-Response Section

To tackle the free-response section of the AP U.S. Government and Politics Exam, consider the following strategies:

• Time Management: Allocate your time wisely. For example, in the AP U.S. Government and Politics Exam, you have 60 minutes for the free-response questions, with 10 minutes for reading and planning. This leaves 50 minutes to answer one long question and two short questions .
• Partial Credit: Even if you are unsure of the complete answer, attempt to provide a response for each part of the free-response questions. Partial credit may be awarded for demonstrating some understanding of the concepts .
• Consistency: Remain consistent in your approach. If you encounter difficulty with one part of a free-response question, move on to the next part and maintain a consistent effort throughout the section .
• Connect Text to Self: In the AP U.S. Government and Politics Exam, students can use personal experiences to connect to the text, which can help them gain insights about the texts and culture. This strategy can be applied to other free-response questions as well .
• Practice with Past Questions: Utilize past free-response questions from the College Board website to practice and refine your test-taking abilities. This will familiarize you with the format and questions you may encounter on the exam .

Here are some samples from previous exams so you’d know what to expect:

Preparing for the AP U.S. Government & Politics Exam involves not only studying the content but also practicing time management and familiarizing oneself with the exam format. By understanding the structure of the exam and developing effective strategies, students can approach the exam confidently and maximize their chances of success.

AP U.S. Government & Politics Exam Scoring Breakdown

The AP U.S. Government & Politics Exam is an assessment that measures students’ understanding of the principles, institutions, and processes of the United States government and political system. This exam plays a crucial role in determining a student’s proficiency in the subject and can potentially earn them college credit.

When scoring the AP U.S. Government & Politics Exam, it is essential to understand how the exam is evaluated. The exam is scored on a scale of 1 to 5, with 5 being the highest score achievable. This scoring system allows colleges and universities to assess a student’s level of mastery in the subject.

The exam has two sections: a multiple-choice section and a free-response section. The scoring breakdown for each section is as follows:

• 50% of the exam score
• Takes 1 hour and 20 minutes to complete
• Takes 1 hour and 40 minutes to complete

It is crucial for students to perform well in both sections of the exam to maximize their chances of receiving a high score. By thoroughly preparing for the multiple-choice questions and practicing the skills necessary for the free-response section, students can showcase their understanding of U.S. government and politics and increase their likelihood of earning a favorable score.

Scoring well on the AP U.S. Government & Politics Exam not only demonstrates a student’s proficiency in the subject but can also lead to various benefits. A high score may result in earning college credit, which can save both time and money by allowing students to bypass introductory courses in college. Additionally, a strong score can enhance a student’s college applications and potentially open doors to scholarships and other academic opportunities.

Therefore, it is crucial for students to approach the AP U.S. Government & Politics Exam with dedication, thorough preparation, and a solid understanding of the scoring breakdown. By doing so, students can confidently navigate the exam and increase their chances of achieving a desirable score.

Topics Covered in the AP U.S. Government & Politics Exam

The AP U.S. Government & Politics Exam covers a variety of topics that are essential to understanding the U.S. political system. These topics delve into the intricate workings of the American government and provide students with a comprehensive understanding of the nation’s political landscape.

The College Board’s AP U.S. Government and Politics framework, as detailed in the Course and Exam Description (CED), highlights specific skills for students to hone over the academic year. These skills are designed to immerse students in the mindset and methodologies of political scientists, fostering their ability to think critically and engage actively in the field.

It is essential to have a solid understanding of these topics and their significance to perform well on the exam. Mastery of these concepts will prepare students for success on the AP U.S. Government & Politics Exam and equip them with a deeper understanding of the American political system and their role as engaged citizens.

Why is the AP U.S. Government & Politics Exam important?

The AP U.S. Government & Politics Exam is an important assessment tool that can greatly impact your academic and career path. A high score on the exam can help with:

• Acing the AP U.S. Government & Politics Exam can earn you college credit. Many colleges and universities recognize high scores on AP exams as equivalent to completing introductory-level courses, allowing you to advance in your academic journey.
• Successfully navigating the exam showcases your ability to handle college-level coursework. It demonstrates skills in critical thinking, analysis, and understanding complex political concepts – all valuable in higher education.
• High scores on AP exams, including U.S. Government & Politics, can enhance your college applications. Admissions officers appreciate students who challenge themselves with rigorous coursework, and AP exams provide tangible evidence of such efforts.
• The exam delves deep into the U.S. government’s structures, processes, and principles. By preparing for and taking the AP U.S. Government & Politics Exam, you gain a comprehensive understanding of the political landscape, fostering informed citizenship.
• Studying for this exam encourages civic engagement by promoting awareness of government functions, political processes, and the importance of active participation in a democratic society. It equips students to become informed and responsible citizens.
• The exam is designed to assess your knowledge of facts and your analytical and reasoning skills. This emphasis on critical thinking is crucial for success in higher education and future careers.
• The rigor of the AP U.S. Government & Politics Exam mirrors the demands of college-level coursework. Taking and succeeding in AP courses helps you adjust to the academic expectations of higher education.
• A strong performance in the AP U.S. Government & Politics Exam can lay a solid foundation and demonstrate a genuine interest in the subject for students considering majors or careers in political science, law, public policy, or related fields.
• Engaging with the material and preparing for the exam fosters a love for learning about the political landscape. This commitment to lifelong learning is an essential trait for success in any field.
• Global Perspectives:
• Understanding the U.S. government’s structure and functions contributes to a broader understanding of global politics. It equips students to analyze the role of the United States on the international stage.

How hard is the AP U.S. Government & Politics Exam?

The difficulty level of the AP U.S. Government & Politics Exam can vary depending on individual strengths and weaknesses. However, with proper preparation and study habits, the exam is manageable. It is important to start preparing early and develop a study plan that works best for you.

What factors affect the difficulty of the AP U.S. Government & Politics Exam?

Several factors can influence the difficulty of the AP U.S. Government & Politics Exam, including:

• The exam covers a broad and complex range of content, including government structures, political ideologies, and the functioning of political institutions. The depth and breadth of this content can pose a challenge for some students.
• Success in the exam is not solely dependent on rote memorization; it demands a deep understanding of concepts and the ability to analyze political scenarios critically. Students are expected to apply their knowledge to real-world situations, requiring a higher level of thinking.
• The exam assesses how well students can grasp the interconnectedness of political concepts. Understanding how different branches of government, political ideologies, and public policies interact requires a holistic comprehension of the subject.
• The exam includes various question formats, such as multiple-choice, free-response, and document-based questions. This diversity demands adaptability in test-taking skills and the ability to navigate different types of assessments.
• Historical context is crucial in understanding the U.S. government’s and political institutions’ evolution. Students must integrate historical knowledge with contemporary issues, requiring a multifaceted understanding of the subject.
• Free-response questions often require students to write essays or responses that demand solid analytical writing skills. This includes constructing clear arguments, providing evidence, and articulating well-reasoned conclusions.
• Staying informed about current political events is essential for success on the exam. Questions may reference recent developments, and students are expected to connect their knowledge to ongoing political realities.
• The availability of resources, the quality of teaching, and the depth of coverage in the classroom can impact a student’s preparedness. Schools with robust AP programs and experienced teachers may provide a more supportive learning environment.
• A student’s level of interest and engagement with the subject matter can significantly affect their ability to grasp and retain complex political concepts. Genuine interest often correlates with increased effort and success in learning.
• The effectiveness of a student’s preparation strategies, including study habits, review techniques, and practice exams, plays a vital role. Well-organized and consistent preparation tends to yield better results.
• Students with prior exposure to political science concepts through coursework or personal interest may find certain aspects of the exam less challenging. However, the exam is designed to be accessible to students without formal prior knowledge.
• Time Management Skills:
• The time constraints of the exam can be challenging. Effective time management during the test is critical, especially considering the need to answer various question types within a limited timeframe.

Who should take the AP U.S. Government & Politics Exam?

The AP U.S. Government & Politics Exam is well-suited for various students interested in understanding the complexities of the United States government and political processes. Here are the individuals who might find value in taking the exam:

• Those with a genuine interest in political science, government structures, and the functioning of political institutions.
• Students planning to major in political science or related fields in college can benefit from the foundational knowledge provided by the exam.
• Individuals with aspirations for careers in government, public service, or politics, seeking a solid understanding of the U.S. political system.
• Students considering law school may find the exam beneficial as it provides insights into the legal and constitutional foundations of the U.S. government.
• Those passionate about civic engagement and understanding how government decisions impact society.
• Generally, high school seniors who have completed or are currently enrolled in an AP U.S. Government & Politics course wish to challenge themselves academically.
• Individuals who enjoy staying informed about current political events and wish to deepen their understanding of the historical and constitutional context.
• Students preparing for college who want to demonstrate their academic rigor and commitment to challenging coursework on their college applications .
• Those who enjoy social studies want to expand their knowledge of U.S. government structures beyond basic civics.
• Individuals who enjoy critical thinking, analysis, and discussing political issues in depth.
• Students interested in American history, as the exam often contextualizes political developments within a historical framework.
• Anyone curious about how the U.S. government operates, the roles of different branches, and the impact of political decisions.
• Those exploring potential academic interests and wanting exposure to political science before entering college.
• Aspiring policy analysts or individuals interested in understanding the formulation and impact of public policies.
• Those Seeking College Credit:
• Students looking to earn college credit by demonstrating proficiency in U.S. government and politics.

Do colleges care about the AP U.S. Government & Politics Exam?

Yes! Colleges often care about the AP U.S. Government & Politics Exam, and performance on the exam can impact college admissions in several ways:

• Taking and succeeding in AP courses, including U.S. Government & Politics, demonstrates a commitment to academic rigor. Colleges appreciate students who challenge themselves with advanced coursework.
• A high AP U.S. Government & Politics Exam score may allow students to earn college credit. This can allow them to advance in their college curriculum, potentially saving time and money.
• Including successful completion of AP courses and exams in college applications strengthens a student’s academic profile. It showcases a willingness to engage with challenging material and succeed in a college-level environment.
• Some high schools factor AP course grades into a weighted GPA, allowing students to boost their GPA and demonstrate their ability to excel in more challenging courses.
• Success on the AP U.S. Government & Politics Exam signals to colleges that a student is prepared for the demands of college-level coursework. It can serve as an indicator of a student’s readiness for the academic challenges of higher education.
• For students considering majors in political science, law, public policy, or related fields, performing well on the AP U.S. Government & Politics Exam demonstrates a genuine interest and foundational knowledge.
• Some colleges have specific course requirements for certain majors or programs. Earning credit through AP exams can help fulfill these requirements, allowing students to dive into more advanced coursework sooner.
• In the competitive landscape of college admissions, excelling in AP courses and exams can provide a competitive edge. It distinguishes students who seek out and thrive in challenging academic environments.
• Some scholarships consider academic achievements, including success in AP courses and exams, as part of their criteria. A solid academic record can enhance a student’s eligibility for various scholarship opportunities.
• Preparation for Future Studies:
• For students considering majors or careers that involve a strong understanding of political structures, law, or public policy, success in the AP U.S. Government & Politics Exam can lay a solid foundation for future studies.

It’s important to note that while success on the AP U.S. Government & Politics Exam can positively impact college admissions, it is one of many factors considered during the admissions process.

Colleges typically review a holistic set of criteria, including GPA, standardized test scores, extracurricular activities, letters of recommendation, and personal essays. Each college may weigh these factors differently in its admissions decisions.

How to register for the AP U.S. Government & Politics Exam

To register for the AP U.S. Government & Politics Exam, follow these steps:

• Typically, students take an AP U.S. Government & Politics course at their high school. Speak with your school counselor or AP coordinator to confirm enrollment in the corresponding AP class.
• Your AP teacher or coordinator will provide you with a join code for your class. This code is essential for accessing AP resources and registering for the exam.
• Go to the College Board’s AP website , create a new account, or log in to your existing one. This account will be used to register for the exam and access your scores.
• Once logged in, access the AP Classroom using the join code provided by your teacher. AP Classroom is an online platform that offers resources and information about your AP class.
• In AP Classroom, review the AP Bulletin for Students and Parents. This document provides essential information about exam policies, dates, and what to bring on exam day.
• Your AP teacher or coordinator will guide you through registering for the exam. This may involve completing certain tasks on the AP Classroom platform.
• Exam fees vary, and some schools cover part or all of the costs. Your school will provide information about the fees and the payment process. If applicable, submit the required fees by the deadline.
• Your exam schedule, including the date and time of your AP U.S. Government & Politics Exam, will be provided by your school. Make sure to mark the date on your calendar.
• Review the AP Exam Day policies in the AP Bulletin as the exam date approaches. Ensure you know what to bring, what not to bring, and other important details.
• If you have been approved for accommodations due to a documented disability, confirm with your school that these accommodations will be provided on exam day.
• Many schools offer review sessions or additional support leading up to the exam. Take advantage of these opportunities to reinforce your understanding of the material.
• On the exam day, arrive at the designated location on time. Follow all your school’s exam day instructions, and do your best on the test.

Remember that the specific process may vary slightly from school to school, so it’s crucial to communicate with your AP teacher or coordinator for detailed information about the registration process at your school. Additionally, stay informed about deadlines and any updates regarding exam administration.

How to study for the AP U.S. Government & Politics Exam

Studying for the AP U.S. Government & Politics Exam requires a strategic and comprehensive approach to cover the broad range of content and develop the analytical skills needed for success. Here’s a guide to help you prepare effectively:

• . Understand the Exam Format: Familiarize yourself with the exam format, including the types of questions (multiple-choice, free-response, and document-based questions), time constraints, and scoring guidelines. This understanding will guide your study plan.
• Create a Study Schedule: Develop a study schedule that spans the entire preparation period. Allocate specific times for different topics, and be realistic about your study habits. Consistency is key.
• Review Course Materials: Go through your class notes, textbooks, and any additional materials provided by your teacher. Ensure you have a solid grasp of key concepts, historical events, and the structure of the U.S. government.
• Use Review Books and Resources: Invest in a reputable AP U.S. Government & Politics review book. These resources often provide concise summaries, practice questions, and test-taking strategies. Online platforms like Khan Academy and College Board’s AP Classroom are also valuable.
• Practice with Past Exams: Work through past AP U.S. Government & Politics Exam papers to familiarize yourself with the question formats and time constraints. Analyze your responses using scoring guidelines to identify areas for improvement.
• Create Concept Maps and Diagrams: Visual aids can help reinforce complex concepts. Create concept maps, diagrams, and charts to illustrate relationships between different branches of government, political ideologies, and historical events.
• Form Study Groups: Collaborate with classmates to discuss concepts, share insights, and quiz each other. Explaining concepts to others can enhance your understanding, and group discussions can provide different perspectives.
• Use Flashcards for Key Terms: Create flashcards for essential terms, definitions, and key concepts. Review these regularly to reinforce your memory and quicken recall during the exam.
• Watch Educational Videos: Supplement your reading with educational videos. Platforms like YouTube offer content explaining government processes, historical events, and political theories in an engaging format.
• Stay Informed About Current Events: The exam often includes questions related to current events. Stay updated on political news and analyze how recent developments may connect to broader political concepts.
• Practice Writing Essays: Work on your essay-writing skills by practicing free-response questions. Pay attention to crafting clear, concise, and well-organized responses. Practice under timed conditions to simulate the exam environment.
• Review Supreme Court Cases: Familiarize yourself with landmark Supreme Court cases and their implications. Understand the legal reasoning behind decisions and how they have influenced the U.S. government and society.
• Utilize Online Resources: Explore online resources such as podcasts, blogs, and interactive simulations that cover U.S. government and politics. These can provide additional perspectives and insights.
• Seek Help When Needed: If you encounter challenges with specific topics, don’t hesitate to seek help from your teacher, classmates, or online resources. Understanding foundational concepts is crucial for success.
• Take Care of Yourself: Prioritize self-care, especially as the exam date approaches. Ensure you get adequate sleep, eat well, and manage stress. A healthy mind and body contribute to effective studying.
• Review and Adjust Your Plan: Regularly review your study plan and assess your progress. Adjust your approach based on areas that need more attention. Be flexible and adaptive in your preparation.

The day of the AP U.S. Government & Politics Exam can be nerve-wracking, but with these tips, you can approach the exam with confidence:

• Get a good night’s sleep: Make sure you are well-rested the night before the exam to ensure optimal focus and concentration.
• Eat a balanced meal: Fuel your brain with a nutritious meal before the exam to maintain energy levels throughout the day.
• Arrive early: Give yourself ample time to travel to the exam location and avoid any unnecessary stress.
• Read the instructions carefully: Before diving into the exam, thoroughly read the instructions for each section to understand what is expected of you.
• Manage your time: Keep an eye on the time during the exam to ensure you have enough time to complete all sections. Pace yourself accordingly.
• Stay positive and confident: Believe in yourself and your abilities. Remember that you have put in the effort to prepare for this exam.

When is the AP U.S. Government & Politics Exam in 2024?

For a complete list of the 2024 AP Exam dates, here’s a full list:

When do AP scores come out?

AP scores are typically released in early to mid-July of the year the exams were taken. The exact release date may vary slightly from year to year, but students who took their AP exams in May can generally expect their scores to become available.

You can check for updates on the College Board’s official AP scores website if you are waiting for your AP scores. They will also email you when your scores are added to your score report. If you haven’t received your scores by mid-August, contacting AP Services for Students is recommended for assistance.

Post-exam tips

Once the AP U.S. Government & Politics Exam is over, there are a few things you can do to reflect on your performance and make the most of your experience:

• Reflect on your strengths and weaknesses: Identify areas where you performed well and areas where you can improve. This can guide your future studies and help you focus on necessary skills.
• Seek feedback: Talk to your teacher about your performance and ask for feedback on your essays. Understanding your strengths and weaknesses can inform your future studies in U.S. government and politics.
• Celebrate your hard work: Regardless of the outcome, acknowledge the effort you put into preparing for the exam. Treat yourself to something enjoyable as a reward for your dedication.
• Continue learning: Use the knowledge you gained from studying for the exam as a foundation for further exploration of the U.S. government and politics. Engage in current events and consider taking advanced courses in the subject.

And there you have it, rockstars! You’ve just unlocked the secrets to owning the AP U.S. Government & Politics Exam. From understanding the branches of government to answering those tricky essay questions, you’re armed with the knowledge to shine on exam day.

Remember, it’s not just about memorizing facts; it’s about seeing the big picture. So, take a deep breath, believe in yourself, and march into that exam room with confidence. You’ve put in the work, and now it’s time to showcase your brilliance.

Whether you’re dreaming of a future in politics or just curious about the ins and outs of Uncle Sam’s world, this journey has been about more than just passing a test. It’s about becoming an informed citizen ready to tackle the challenges of our ever-changing world.

So go on, give yourself a high-five, take a well-deserved break, and know that you’re stepping into that exam room as a superhero of U.S. Government & Politics. Best of luck, and remember – you’re destined for greatness!

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By following this ultimate guide, you can approach the AP U.S. Government & Politics Exam with confidence and maximize your chances of success. Remember to be diligent in your preparation, manage your time effectively during the exam, and maintain a positive mindset throughout the process. Good luck!

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AP United States Government and Politics

Learn all about the course and exam. Already enrolled? Join your class in My AP.

Not a Student?

Go to AP Central for resources for teachers, administrators, and coordinators.

About the Exam

The AP U.S. Government and Politics Exam will test your understanding of the political concepts covered in the course units, including your ability to analyze the foundational documents and to apply Supreme Court decisions you studied in the course to real-life scenarios.

Update: Roe v. Wade

Although the Supreme Court recently overturned Roe v. Wade , it remains required course content and is part of Topic 3.9, “Amendments: Due Process and the Right to Privacy” along with two additional cases, Griswold v. Connecticut (1965) and Dobbs v. Jackson Women’s Health Organization (2022). Any of these cases can be the focus of AP Exam questions related to this topic, but none of them will be the focus of Free Response Question 3.

Tue, May 6, 2025

12 PM Local

AP U.S. Government and Politics Exam

This is the regularly scheduled date for the AP United States Government and Politics Exam.

Exam Components

Section i: multiple choice.

55 questions 1hr 20mins 50% of Score

The multiple-choice section includes individual, single questions as well as sets of questions. You’ll be asked to:

• Describe, explain, and compare political concepts and processes
• Apply Supreme Court decisions in real-life scenarios
• Analyze data in graphs, charts, tables, maps, or infographics
• Read and analyze foundational documents and other text-based and visual sources

Section II: Free Response

4 questions 1hr 40mins 50% of Score

In the free-response section, you’ll respond to four questions with written answers. The section includes:

• 1 concept application question: You’ll describe and explain the effects of a political institution, behavior, or process, and apply concepts in a new situation.
• 1 quantitative analysis question: You’ll analyze data in the form of a table, graph, map, or infographic to find patterns and trends and reach a conclusion.
• The prompt specifies 1 required SCOTUS case, and you are asked to identify how that required case is related to the case given in the scenario.
• 1 argument essay:  You’ll write an evidence-based essay supporting a claim or thesis.

Exam Essentials

Exam preparation, ap classroom resources.

Once you join your AP class section online, you’ll be able to access AP Daily videos, any assignments from your teacher, and your assignment results in AP Classroom. Sign in to access them.

• Go to AP Classroom

Free-Response Questions and Scoring Information

Go to the Exam Questions and Scoring Information section on the AP United States Government and Politics Exam page at AP Central to review the latest released free-response questions and scoring information.  

Past Exam Free-Response Questions and Scoring Information  

Go to AP Central to review free-response questions and scoring information from past AP United States Government and Politics exams. 

AP United States Government and Politics Course and Exam Description

This is the core document for the course. It clearly lays out the course content and describes the exam and the AP Program in general.

Services for Students with Disabilities

Students with documented disabilities may be eligible for accommodations for the through-course assessment and the end-of-course exam. If you’re using assistive technology and need help accessing the PDFs in this section in another format, contact Services for Students with Disabilities at 212-713-8333 or by email at [email protected] . For information about taking AP Exams, or other College Board assessments, with accommodations, visit the Services for Students with Disabilities website.

Credit and Placement

Search AP Credit Policies

Find colleges that grant credit and/or placement for AP Exam scores in this and other AP courses.

Additional Information

• Teacher Opportunities
• AP U.S. Government Key Terms
• Bureaucracy & Regulation
• Campaigns & Elections
• Civil Rights & Civil Liberties
• Comparative Government
• Constitutional Foundation
• Criminal Law & Justice
• Economics & Financial Literacy
• English & Literature
• Environmental Policy & Land Use
• Executive Branch
• Federalism and State Issues
• Foreign Policy
• Gun Rights & Firearm Legislation
• Immigration
• Interest Groups & Lobbying
• Judicial Branch
• Legislative Branch
• Political Parties
• Science & Technology
• Social Services
• State History
• Supreme Court Cases
• U.S. History
• World History

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• Bell Ringers
• Lesson Plans
• Featured Resources

Lesson Plan: AP Government: Argumentative Essay Practice

The Federalist Papers

Boston College professor Mary Sarah Bilder gives a brief overview backgrounding the Federalist Papers

Description

This is intended as an end-of-course review activity for practice with the argumentative essay format included on the AP United States Government and Politics exam since the 2018 redesign. Eleven practice prompts are provided, reflecting content from Units 1-3.

ARGUMENTATIVE ESSAY PROMPT ANALYSIS

• Review the provided Argumentative Essay Prompts in either an individual or jigsaw format.
• Write a thesis statement for your selected prompt(s) and identify the selection you would make from the provided list and the second piece of evidence you would choose.
• If there are prompts for which you struggle to develop a thesis, or items on the bulleted lists with which you are not conversant, use the hyperlinked C-SPAN Classroom resources to extend your understanding of the required founding documents and SCOTUS cases that you found challenging.

ARGUMENTATIVE ESSAY

• Chose one or more of the provided Argumentative Essay Prompts , as assigned, and use the planning and exploration you did above to write a full essay in response to your designated prompt(s) in 25 or fewer minutes , since that's the time limit you'll face on the AP Exam!
• Exchange essays with a classmate and evaluate each others' work.
• 1st Amendment
• Branches Of Government
• Constitution
• House Of Representatives
• Separation Of Powers
• Supreme Court

AP® US Government

Ap® us government faq: everything you need to know for 2024.

• The Albert Team
• Last Updated On: February 8, 2024

Read below for detailed answers to the most common questions about the 2024 AP® United States Government and Politics exam.

What We Review

Is AP® US Government easy? What can make it hard?

The AP® US Government and Politics exam is more difficult than a regular high school level government and politics course. AP® courses are generally meant to simulate introductory college-level courses, so the AP® exams are crafted to test content understanding higher than most high school courses. 

Compared with other AP® courses, the AP® US Government and Politics exam is more difficult than other AP® exams, as explained below.

On the 2023 AP® US Government and Politics exam, 49.2% of students who took the exam scored a 3 or better . The mean score for 2022 was 2.59. In general, scores on the AP® US Government and Politics exam are a bit lower on average than other AP® exams.

The statistics above are based on an average of approximately 300,000 yearly exam takers.  In 2023, there were 329,132 test-takers. The AP® US Government and Politics exam is among the more popular exams in the AP® course catalog.

If you want to achieve the highest score possible on the AP® US Government and Politics exam, it is useful to understand which of the course’s units carry more weight than others on the exam. This knowledge will help you focus on those units as you study.

The AP® US Government and Politics exam has two units that carry between 45% and 63% of the total exam. Unit 2: Interactions Among Branches of Government is weighted at 25-36%, and Unit 5: Political Participation is weighted at 20-27%. Focusing half of your study time on these two sections will ensure that you’re prepared for approximately half of the exam questions. 

The rest of the units for the AP® US Government and Politics exam are weighted as follows:

• Unit 1: Foundations of American Democracy (15-22%)
• Unit 3: Civil Liberties and Civil Rights (13-18%)
• Unit 4: American Political Ideologies and Beliefs (10-15%)

While the percentage weighting for Units 1, 3, and 4 are lower than that for units 2 and 5, they still make up a significant portion of the exam, so you should be sure to cover all AP® US Government and Politics course content topics in preparation for the exam. 

Achieving a score of 3 or better on the AP® US Government and Politics exam is no easy feat. You may find it useful to know exactly how many questions you must correctly answer in each section to pass this exam. Albert’s AP® US Government and Politics score calculator (previewed below) shows that you would need to answer at least 28 of the 55 multiple-choice questions correctly and at least half of the total possible points on the free-response questions to get a score of 3 or higher.

Is AP® US Government and Politics worth it?

There are many reasons why students feel that taking AP® US Government and Politics is worth it for them. First, taking AP® courses shifts students’ mindset toward the critical thinking and analysis required in college courses. Doing well in the course can help students to build their confidence academically. 

When applying to colleges, the AP® courses on your high school transcript will show admissions counselors that you are prepared for college’s rigors. According to College Board research , “students who receive a score of 3 or higher on AP® Exams typically experience greater academic success in college and have higher graduation rates than their non-AP® peers.”

Of course, parents will be very interested in the potential cost-savings of taking AP® courses. At many colleges, students who pass an AP® exam can substitute that exam for the class in college. This translates into savings on college tuition and can sometimes mean that the student can graduate early, if they entered college with a significant number of college credits at high school graduation. 

This chart highlights just a few of the hundreds of colleges that accept AP® US Government and Politics for college credit and how that can translate into tuition savings.

When you factor in the tuition savings, the academic confidence, and the benefits in the admissions process, you can see that taking AP® US Government and Politics is worth it.

When is the 2024 AP® US Government and Politics exam?

The 2024 AP® US Government and Politics exam will be given in person using paper-and-pencil tests. The 2024 AP® US Government and Politics exam will take place on:

Mon, May 6, 2024 at 8am local time

Curious about when other AP® exams are happening in 202 4? View or download the complete AP® exam schedule here .

Return to the Table of Contents

When do AP® US Government and Politics scores typically come out?

According to the latest update from the College Board exam season timeline , students will receive their AP® scores in July 2024. Historically, the College Board typically releases AP® scores early in the month of July.

You’ll be able to access your AP® scores online with your College Board account username and password.

How is AP® US Government and Politics scored? What’s the weighting of different questions?  

Below is a breakdown of the scoring for the AP® US Government and Politics exam:

The first section of the AP® US Government and Politics exam consists of 55 multiple-choice questions. You will have one hour and 20 minutes to complete this section. This section consists of approximately 30 individual questions and 25 set-based questions. The set-based questions will cover analysis of quantitative material, text-based primary and secondary sources, and qualitative visual information. 

Section 2 of the AP® US Government and Politics exam is the free response portion. This section consists of four questions you must answer within the one hour and 40 minute time limit. The first question will be a concept application in which you must describe and explain the effects of a particular political scenario, institution, behavior or process. 

The second question will require a quantitative analysis of supplied data. From this data, you must identify any trends or patterns you see and relate these to a political scenario, institution, behavior or process. 

The third question will require a comparison of a non-required and required Supreme Court case with an explanation of which elements from the required case are relevant to the non-required case.

NOTE: Although the Supreme Court recently overturned  Roe v. Wade , this case is still required course content and is part of Unit 3, along with  Griswold v. Connecticut and  Dobbs v. Jackson Women’s Health Organization . Any of these cases can be assessed in AP® questions, but none of them will be the focus of Free Response Question 3.

The fourth free-response question is an argument essay. In this response, you will need to develop an essay-length argument using supplied documents and relevant course concepts.

Reminder: When creating a thesis statement to answer the free-response questions, make sure that you establish a strong position. Simply restating the prompt does not go far enough in creating a strong thesis statement. 

The AP® US Government and Politics exam is weighted as follows:

What happens if you fail AP® US Government and Politics?

The important thing to remember if you fail the AP® US Government and Politics exam is not to panic. You can retake the exam as many times as you choose in order to pass or even to achieve a higher score. Note that you will have to pay the exam fee each time you retake the exam.

If you are worried about the impact of failing the AP® US Government and Politics exam on your high school GPA, don’t worry. Most schools do not use your AP® US Government and Politics exam score as part of your course grade. Instead, they base that grade on your coursework, class tests and assignments. So failing this AP® US Government and Politics exam should not have any impact on your GPA.

If you are using the AP® US Government and Politics exam for college credit, failing the exam would disqualify you from getting credit for the course. If you receive a score of 3 or higher on the exam, you’ll want to check with your college of choice to see if your score qualifies for college credit. Typically, scores lower than 3 do not qualify for credit.

You can minimize the impact of failing the AP® US Government and Politics exam on your college admissions chances if you retake the exam and pass it. Students are in control of which colleges receive their AP® scores, so you have the option of not sending your low score to particular colleges. Even if you do send them a low score, most schools will allow you to replace that score with a higher score if you retake the exam. 

When do students typically take AP® US Government and Politics? When is best?

The AP® US Government and Politics exam is one that students typically take in their last two years of high school. 

When you should take the AP® US Government and Politics exam will depend on the requirements of your high school. Some schools will require students take certain prerequisite courses, typically an introductory U.S. History course, so taking AP® US Government and Politics in your freshman year could be a challenge. 

Many students wait until their junior or senior year to take AP® US Government and Politics. By the second half of your high school career, you are better able to manage the demands of high school courses and may have even taken one or two other AP® courses and are more aware of what to expect. 

If you take other AP® courses prior to taking the AP® US Government and Politics exam, you will have more experience with the types of questions required in AP® courses and the level of detail required in the free-response section of this exam. All of this experience will help you be more successful in this course detailing the United States government and political process. 

The decision of when to take the AP® US Government and Politics exam will be different for each student. Your parents, guidance counselor and teachers can assist you with this decision and help you decide when is the right time to take AP® US Government and Politics.

Where can I find past AP® US Government and Politics exams?

You can find past ap® us government and politics exam questions on the college board’s ap® central website ..

The College Board has also provided online access to the practice tests for the last few years so that you can become familiar with the types of questions on past exams. These practice tests will also allow you to understand the academic rigor of the questions and to see what kinds of answers have resulted in full credit in the past. 

Below are links to the AP® US Government and Politics exam practice tests for the last five years:

• 2023 AP® US Government and Politics Free-Response Questions
• 2022 AP® US Government and Politics Free-Response Questions (Set 1)
• 2022 AP® US Government and Politics Free-Response Questions (Set 2)
• 2021 AP® US Government and Politics Free-Response Questions (Set 1)
• 2021 AP® US Government and Politics Free-Response Questions (Set 2)
• 2019 AP® US Government and Politics Free-Response Questions
• 2018 AP® US Government and Politics Free-Response Questions

NOTE: The 2020 AP® US Government and Politics Exam is not listed above because it had a unique format given the COVID-related adjustments.

The course content was changed for the 2018-2019 academic year .

If you are interested in examples of multiple choice questions for the AP® US Government and Politics exam, you can access those here . The number of multiple-choice questions in the guide is limited, so it won’t encompass all of the content and learning objectives that the actual exam will cover. But it does provide a glimpse into what to expect from the multiple-choice portion of the exam.

If you want to get more practice on the multiple choice portion of the AP® US Government and Politics exam, visit Albert to find hundreds more multiple choice practice questions that are aligned with the learning objectives and units covered by the AP® US Government and Politics.

The AP® Central website contains a wealth of other useful information that you should consider reviewing in order to maximize your chances at a high score on the AP® US Government and Politics. These resources include:

• AP® US Government and Politics Scoring Guidelines: 2023 / 2022 (Set 1) / 2022 (Set 2) / 2021 (Set 1) / 2021 (Set 2) / 2019 / 2018 / 2017 / 2016
• AP® US Government and Politics Chief Reader Reports: 2023 / 2022 / 2021 / 2019 / 2018 / 2017 / 2016
• AP® US Government and Politics Scoring Reports: 2023 / 2022 (Set 1) / 2022 (Set 2) / 2021 (Set 1) / 2021 (Set 2) / 2019 / 2018 / 2017 / 2016

Viewing the scoring guidelines can be useful because they will show you how the points are assigned for each short answer question.

While the multiple choice questions are straightforward at one point each, the short answer questions are more subjective to grade. The scoring guidelines above can provide examples of the types of answers awarded full or partial credit on past exams. 

The Chief Reader Reports are very useful for getting even more insight into the grading process for the short answer and essay questions. This report explains the expectations for each question and provides guidance on the information and elements that are necessary for a successful response.  Using this report you can find out what kinds of information you must include and get a glimpse of where other students fell short in answering the question. 

For example, the 2019 Chief Reader Report for AP® US Government and Politics revealed that many students struggled with establishing a unique line of reasoning. Instead, they often just restated the question prompt.  The reader felt that this signaled a tentativeness in their argument.  

The Scoring Report for AP® US Government and Politics is useful because it shows you which questions were most missed by students in past exams and which ones were most often answered successfully. For example, in 2019, question #3 had a mean score of 1.74 out of 4 possible points, which was the lowest mean score of all of the questions. 

The correct answer to this question required students to read a Supreme Court case summary and compare it to the required course case. Students also had to identify the common clause in the Constitution that applied to the cases. The Chief Reader Report showed that students often identified the wrong clause. Those that did identify the correct clause missed points by discussing the ruling rather than the facts of the case.

Once you’ve reviewed all of the resources above, you should also review the sample responses for the AP® US Government and Politics. Three sample responses are provided for each question. At the end of the three responses, there is a breakdown of how many points each would have received as well as detailed explanations of why they earned or failed to earn points. 

The AP® Central website provides a wealth of information about the successful answering and scoring of the short answer and essay questions for the AP® US Government and Politics exam. With all of this emphasis on these questions, it can be easy to forget that 50% of the exam score comes from your ability to successfully answer the multiple choice questions. Albert provides you with thousands of multiple-choice practice questions that are aligned with the AP® US Government and Politics. Each question includes a detailed explanation of each question and the correct answer. 

Click here to learn more about Albert

Who should take AP® US Government and Politics? What sort of students may like it more than others?

There are a variety of factors to consider when deciding if you should take AP® US Government and Politics. If you enjoy current events and the workings and origins of the American political system, the course content will be interesting to you. The course overview can give you more insight into what the course will cover. 

Of course, no student is required to take AP® US Government and Politics in order to graduate. If the content outlined in the course overview does not align with your interests and strengths, you might want to choose a different AP® course. The College Board provides a wide variety of AP® courses and you would be better off choosing one you are interested in, as this will consume a good portion of your academic time for the year. 

Taking the AP® US Government exam can be a good idea if you are planning on attending college. This is especially true if you plan to major in political science, history or any other writing and reading intensive major. AP® courses like AP® US Government and Politics can help you get acclimated to the rigors of college-level courses. They can also signal to admissions counselors that you are serious about and prepared for college academics. 

Getting a higher score on AP® exams can increase your chances of being accepted at some highly selective colleges. If your goal in taking the AP® US Government and Politics exam is to score a 5, it will be useful to know the difficulty of achieving this goal on this particular exam. For 2022, 12.0% of students who took this exam scored a perfect 5. 

This percentage is higher than that of most of the AP® History exams.

Achieving a perfect score on any AP® exam is a difficult task. You should choose AP® courses that best align with your skills and interests rather than choosing those with the best chance for a perfect score. While the final choice is up to you, the decision of which AP® courses to take should be made in consultation with your teachers, your guidance counselor and your parents. 

How do students typically score on AP® US Government and Politics? What’s the score distribution?

How students typically score on the AP® US Government and Politics exam depends on such factors as how well they studied for the exam, their aptitude for the subject, and their writing ability. The chart below outlines the score distributions for the AP® US Government and Politics exam for the last three years. 

This exam has historically yielded a passing rate of around 50% or better. The number of AP® US Government and Politics exam test-takers has remained relatively stable over those years.

The 2023 AP® US Government and Politics exam mean score was 2.59 . This mean was based on a total of 329,132 students who took this exam in 2023 . 

Need help preparing for your AP® US Government exam?

Albert has hundreds of AP® US Government practice multiple-choice questions, free-response questions, and full-length practice tests to try out.

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Guide to the AP® U.S. Government and Politics Exam

Why take ap ® u.s. government and politics.

When faced with the choice of whether or not to take AP ® U.S. Government and Politics, the benefits often outweigh the costs for most students.

Maybe you’re a political junkie looking for a way to learn more about the government, or maybe you’re just really into taking AP ® tests (if you are, you’re on the perfect website).

Whether you’re considering taking the course this year for credit or if you’re just curious about the inner workings of the U.S. government, here are some good reasons to take the class.

Many colleges require students to fulfill a history or social science course before they can graduate. However, if you take the AP ® U.S. Government and Politics Exam and attain a high score while you are in high school, you may be able to qualify for credit toward that requirement and not have to take another social sciences course in college.

A more recent argument for taking AP ® Exams, is that more colleges are going test-optional . This means that SAT ® and ACT ® scores are potentially holding less weight when it comes to college applications, and a good AP ® score could help tip the scale in your favor when it comes to college admissions.

Besides creating the opportunity to earn college credit for the work you do, AP ® Gov courses also help you to develop crucial skills, challenge you academically, and help round out your knowledge in ways you wouldn’t otherwise be able to. In addition to that, preparing for and taking the AP ® U.S. Government and Politics Exam provides excellent practice for college-level exams you may take in the future. Still unsure? This article goes into more detail about the benefits of taking AP® U.S. Government and Politics .

How to sign up for AP ® U.S. Government and Politics

To register for the AP® U.S. Government Exam, you need to contact your school’s AP ® Coordinator, who can help facilitate your courses and exams.

Bear in mind you’ll likely need to complete requirements to be eligible to enroll in an AP ® course. In order to register for the AP ® U.S. Government and Politics Exam, you have to join your class section online, on College Board’s My AP ® Portal . Some schools will automatically register you for the exam if you’re enrolled in an AP ® U.S. Government and Politics class, but others won’t and you will have to register online through the portal. If you are unsure whether or not you are registered for the AP® U.S. Government and Politics Exam, check with your AP ® Coordinator.

For the 2020-21 school year, College Board is waiving their cancellation fees, so if you are unsure about taking the exam, you are better off registering for it anyway, and cancelling for free if you later decide not to take the exam. There is however, still a deadline for exam registration on November 13th, 2020, so definitely make sure you register through your AP ® Coordinator by then to avoid paying any late fees.

Specific deadlines may vary by the school—always be sure to check with your teacher or AP ® Coordinator what date you need to register by in line with your school’s policies.

How much does the AP ® Exam cost?

Each AP ® Exam costs a total of $96—if you’re in the mainland United States and its territories and commonwealths, Canada, or a U.S. Department of Defense Dependents School.

If you’re outside of those areas, the AP ® Exam will cost $126 per exam.

The College Board has a financial aid program that offers a $3 fee reduction in the exam. Read more about exam fees here .

You cannot use the My AP ® Portal to pay fees – they will be collected by your AP ® coordinator.

When you take into account the cost of a college course versus the cost of the exam, though, you’ll see that the AP ® Exam is actually a bargain. With a passing score, you may be able to earn college credit and save hundreds or even thousands of dollars.

When can I take the AP ® U.S. Government and Politics Exam?

The AP ® U.S. Government and Politics Exam date in 2022 is Monday, May 2nd. You can find more information about dates and late-testing schedules for the 2022 AP ® U.S. Government and Politics Exam in our 2022 AP ® Exam Dates article.

What’s on the AP ® U.S. Government and Politics Exam?

The AP ® U.S. Government and Politics exam covers a breadth of topics surrounding the cultural, political, and social changes in U.S. history.

The AP ® U.S. Government and Politics exam will test you on the subjects of “constitutionalism, liberty and order, civic participation in a representative democracy, competing policy-making interests, and methods of political analysis.” ( College Board )

To get the best score possible, you’re going to want to make sure you know what to expect when you sit down to take the test.

That’s why we want to break down exactly what’s on the AP ® U.S. Government and Politics Exam—as well as give you a few good tips on how to study for it.

The AP ® U.S. Government and Politics exam tests students on their knowledge of a wide variety of topics surrounding the United States’ governmental bodies and institutions. The course itself will go over five units covering the following topics:

• Foundations of American Democracy
• Interactions Among Branches of Government
• Civil Liberties and Civil Rights
• American Political Ideologies and Beliefs
• Political Participation

It is also important to become familiar with all of the required Supreme Court cases. They are, after all…required! In the free-response section of your AP® U.S. Government Exam, you will have to answer four essay questions. The third of these questions is a SCOTUS comparison essay, in which you will be required to compare a non-required Supreme Court case with a required Supreme Court case, so get to know each case as well as possible!

The required Supreme Court cases for the AP U.S. Government and Politics Exam  in 2021 are:

Marbury v. Madison (1803) McCulloch v. Maryland (1819) Schenck v. the United States (1919) Brown v. Board of Education (1954) Engel v. Vitale (1962) Baker v. Carr (1962) Gideon v. Wainwright (1963) Tinker v. Des Moines Independent Community School District (1969) New York Times Co. v. United States (1971) Wisconsin v. Yoder (1972) Roe v. Wade (1973) Shaw v. Reno (1993) United States v. Lopez (1995) McDonald v. Chicago (2010) Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission (2010)

What is the test format for the AP ® U.S. Government and Politics Exam?

Students have 3 hours and 15 minutes to complete the exam. There is a 1 hour and 20-minute multiple-choice section, followed by a 1 hour and 40-minute free-response section. A full breakdown of each section is provided below:

There are four questions students must answer with an essay on the AP ® U.S. Government and Politics Exam. The questions are:

• Concept Application. Students are given a political scenario and must explain the impact of a political “institution, behavior, or process.”
• Quantitative Analysis. Students are given a piece of quantitative data, and they must show how that data relates to a political process.
• SCOTUS Comparison. Students are tasked with comparing a non-required Supreme Court case with a required one and showing how they’re relevant to one another.
• Argument Essay. Students must craft an argumentative essay based on required documents and evidence.

College Board suggests that students take at least 20 minutes to answer each question during the allotted time.

How is the AP ® U.S. Government and Politics Exam scored?

The free-response and multiple-choice sections are scored differently. The multiple-choice section is scored by a computer that scans your answer sheet and records the total number of correct responses.

It’s worth noting that incorrect answers aren’t deducted from your score. So be sure to answer every question even if you’re unsure!

The free-response section is scored during an annual event called the AP ® Reading. This occurs during the first two weeks of June. Professors and high school teachers from all over the country gather to help read and score thousands of essays from the free-response section of every AP ® test.

The AP ® Exam’s scoring system is on a scale of one to five—with five being the best and one being the worst.

Here’s a good table that breaks down the score you could get and what it means.

When it comes to the AP ® U.S. Government and Politics Exam, you’ll want to aim for 3 or higher. Most colleges will give you college credit if you score within that range. But it does vary from school to school, so if you want to find out the score you’ll need, you should contact the school’s registrar’s office and ask for information about their AP ® credit policies. Alternatively, you can check the school’s website for more information.

NOTE: Schools sometimes change the score required for AP ® college credit. So be sure to check in with the school to make sure you have the most recent information.

What can I bring to the AP ® U.S. Government and Politics Exam?

Below is a list of all the things you can bring with you into the exam room. Note: It’s possible that not all of the items will apply to you (e.g., the Student Accommodations Letter).

• Two No. 2 pencils with erasers. These will be used on the multiple-choice portion of the exam.
• Two black or dark blue ink pens. These will be used for the free-response questions. Be sure to bring black or dark blue ink pens only. Leave your gold glitter pens at home.
• A watch. This is a simple analog or digital watch with no internet access or alarms. Don’t even try to bring your smart watch in the room.
• The AP ® Student Pack. This is given to you just before you take your exam and contains a label that you need to place on your exam. Follow the labeling instructions carefully.
• Government- or school-issued ID. If you don’t attend the school where you’re taking the AP ®  U.S. Government and Politics Exam, you must also bring a government- or school-issued ID.
• College Board SSD Student Accommodation Letter. If you require accommodations beyond the regular exam, you’ll receive a letter that verifies this (e.g., you need a braille or large-type exam).
• Remember, you won’t have to bring all these things—but it’s in your best interest to be as prepared as you can for the exam.

Take a look at our Test Day Checklist to make sure you are 100% prepared to take your AP ® U.S. Government and Politics Exam when the time comes!

How do I study for AP ® U.S. Government and Politics?

Here are the best study tips for AP® U.S. Gov:

The best way to prepare for what’s on the AP ® U.S. Government and Politics exam is through proper study tactics. Here are a few of the best ones you should employ to make sure you get the best score possible:

Study Tip #1: Talk to someone who’s been there before

One of the best ways to learn any topic is by talking to someone who has experience taking AP ® exams—and asking them questions.

It might seem simple, but many students often ignore this step and try to learn things on their own. While it’s possible to get a good score by studying by yourself, you’re actually short changing yourself by not drawing on the experience and expertise of others.

That’s why it’s a good idea to get mentorship from someone with experience in the AP ® U.S. Government and Politics exam—preferably a former student who scored high on the test themselves.

Sit down with them and ask them different questions on what to expect. Some suggestions:

How did you go about studying the topics?

What was the most difficult part of the exam and course?

If you could go back, what would you change about the way you studied and the topics you looked over?

These questions will give you a wealth of insight into the exam you wouldn’t have otherwise.

Study Tip #2: Read (and re-read) as much as possible

A big portion of the exam covers the reading and interpreting of foundational documents, Supreme Court cases, and multiple data sets. That’s why it’s so important that you’re both familiar with these readings and know how to interpret them.

The best way to do that is through good old-fashioned reading.

Make sure you read through all of your course material and review it frequently. Frequent reviewing is actually one of the most crucial factors when it comes to learning and retention.

It’s scientifically proven that the more consistently you review and repeat information to yourself each day, the better you remember it. So make sure you take time out of each day to read and review your material.

Study Tip #3: Take a lot of practice tests

The best way to get better at something is by practicing.

That’s why it’s so important that you take practice tests to help you get better at the AP ® U.S. Government and Politics Exam. Only then can you expect to get a good score—and even improve your score.

If you don’t have much experience taking practice tests, check out John Moscatiello’s Step-by-Step Guide to taking a practice test like a pro .

Study Tip #4: Find resources that work

When it comes to studying for your exam, there is no “one size fits all”. Just because your older sister studied best with flashcards doesn’t necessarily mean that flashcards are right for you. We encourage you to take some time to figure out what study methods you are most comfortable with; it could be a mixture of everything!

We know it can be overwhelming starting from scratch. If you feel stuck, we suggest downloading our free AP® U.S. Government and Politics study guide as a jumping off point and going from there.

If you’re looking for live video reviews before the AP ® Exams, we will host live AP ® review sessions on our YouTube channel . As well as live sessions, you can review content for the AP ® U.S. Government and Politics Exam here: AP ® Gov Content Review .

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Last Modified: 1/24/2023

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You understand and acknowledge that you are responsible for any User Contributions you submit or contribute, and you, not the Company, have full responsibility for such content, including its legality, reliability, accuracy, and appropriateness.

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Without limiting the foregoing, we have the right to cooperate fully with any law enforcement authorities or court order requesting or directing us to disclose the identity or other information of anyone posting any materials on or through the Website. YOU WAIVE AND HOLD HARMLESS THE COMPANY AND ITS AFFILIATES, LICENSEES, AND SERVICE PROVIDERS FROM ANY CLAIMS RESULTING FROM ANY ACTION TAKEN BY ANY OF THE FOREGOING PARTIES DURING, OR TAKEN AS A CONSEQUENCE OF, INVESTIGATIONS BY EITHER SUCH PARTIES OR LAW ENFORCEMENT AUTHORITIES.

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(collectively, the “ Content Standards ”)

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This Website may provide certain social media features that enable you to:

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• Cause limited portions of content on this Website to be displayed or appear to be displayed on your own or certain third-party websites.

You may use these features solely as they are provided by us, and solely with respect to the content they are displayed with and otherwise in accordance with any additional terms and conditions we provide with respect to such features. Subject to the foregoing, you must not:

• Establish a link from any website that is not owned by you.
• Cause the Website or portions of it to be displayed on, or appear to be displayed by, any other site, for example, framing, deep linking, or in-line linking.
• Link to any part of the Website other than the homepage.
• Otherwise take any action with respect to the materials on this Website that is inconsistent with any other provision of these Terms of Use.

The website from which you are linking, or on which you make certain content accessible, must comply in all respects with the Content Standards set out in these Terms of Use.

You agree to cooperate with us in causing any unauthorized framing or linking immediately to stop. We reserve the right to withdraw linking permission without notice.

We may disable all or any social media features and any links at any time without notice in our discretion.

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TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PROVIDED BY LAW, THE COMPANY HEREBY DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, WHETHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, STATUTORY, OR OTHERWISE, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, NON-INFRINGEMENT, AND FITNESS FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSE.

THE FOREGOING DOES NOT AFFECT ANY WARRANTIES THAT CANNOT BE EXCLUDED OR LIMITED UNDER APPLICABLE LAW.

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THE FOREGOING DOES NOT AFFECT ANY LIABILITY THAT CANNOT BE EXCLUDED OR LIMITED UNDER APPLICABLE LAW.

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You agree to defend, indemnify, and hold harmless the Company, its affiliates, licensors, and service providers, and its and their respective officers, directors, employees, contractors, agents, licensors, suppliers, successors, and assigns from and against any claims, liabilities, damages, judgments, awards, losses, costs, expenses, or fees (including reasonable attorneys’ fees) arising out of or relating to your violation of these Terms of Use or your use of the Website, including, but not limited to, your User Contributions, any use of the Website’s content, services, and products other than as expressly authorized in these Terms of Use or your use of any information obtained from the Website.

Governing Law and Jurisdiction

All matters relating to the Website and these Terms of Use and any dispute or claim arising therefrom or related thereto (in each case, including non-contractual disputes or claims), shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the internal laws of the State of New Jersey without giving effect to any choice or conflict of law provision or rule (whether of the State of New Jersey or any other jurisdiction).

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2024 AP US Government & Politics Exam Guide

12 min read • july 11, 2024

Your Guide to the 2024 AP US Government & Politics Exam

We know that studying for your AP exams can be stressful, but Fiveable has your back! We created a study plan to help you crush your AP Government and Politics exam. This guide will continue to update with information about the 2024 exams, as well as helpful resources to help you do your best on test day.  Unlock Cram Mode for access to our cram events—students who have successfully passed their AP exams will answer your questions and guide your last-minute studying LIVE! And don't miss out on unlimited access to our database of thousands of practice questions.

Format of the 2024 AP US Gov Exam

Going into test day, this is the format to expect:

• 📃 55 multiple-choice questions with 80 minutes to complete them.- - There will be ~30 individual, stand-alone questions.- - All the other questions will be put together into sets. You may be asked to complete a quantitative, qualitative, or visual analysis in these questions.
• ✍ 4 free-response questions with 100 minutes to complete them. You should devote ~20 minutes to each response.- - Question 1 is always a  concept application question.- - Question 2 is a  quantitative analysis question, where you will analyze data and come to a conclusion.- - Question 3 is a  Supreme Court case comparison  essay. You will compare a required court case with a nonrequired one, explaining how they are related.- - Lastly, question 4 is an  argumentative essay . 👉 Check out the 2023 AP US Government and Politics Free-Response Section posted on the College Board site. 

Scoring Rubric for the AP US Government Exam

View an example set of questions and the corresponding  scoring guidelines (page 186) from the College Board to get an idea of what they look for in your responses! You can also focus in on the argumentative essay (free response #4) and take a look at that  rubric here .

Check out our study plan below to find resources and tools to prepare for your AP US Government exam. 

When is the 2024 AP Gov Exam and How do I Take it?

Tests will be taken in person at your school. Here is what we know from College Board so far:

• The exam date will be in-person and on paper at your school on Monday, May 6, 2024 at 8 am, your local time. You have 3 hours to take the exam. We will have more updates from College Board soon, but as of now, this is what we know!

How Should I Prepare for the AP Gov Exam?

• First, you need to take stock of your progress in the course so far so that you can build your study plan according to your needs. Download the  AP Government and Politics Cheatsheet PDF —a single sheet that covers everything you need to know—so that you can see a map of the entire course and quickly spot the weak areas that you need to focus on.
• Then, create your study plan by focusing on your learning styles and areas to improve. Which types of questions do you need to practice more? We've put together the study plan found below to help you study between now and May. This will cover all of the units and essay types to prepare you for your exam. Pay special attention to the units that you need the most improvement in.
• Study, practice, and review for test day with other students during our live cram sessions via  Cram Mode . Cram live streams will teach, review, and practice important topics from AP courses, college admission tests, and college admission topics. These streams are hosted by experienced students who know what you need to succeed.
• Finally, build your study schedule in advance! We highly suggest making your study schedule ahead of time so that you can easily join interactive study sessions such as live streams, voice chats, and study groups.

Pre-Work: Set Up Your Study Environment

Before you begin studying, take some time to get organized. 

🖥 Create a study space.

Make sure you have a designated place at home to study. Somewhere you can keep all of your materials, where you can focus on learning, and where you are comfortable. Spend some time prepping the space with everything you need and you can even let others in the family know that this is your study space. 

📚 Organize your study materials.

Get your notebook, textbook, prep books, or whatever other physical materials you have. Also create a space for you to keep track of review. Start a new section in your notebook to take notes or start a Google Doc to keep track of your notes. Get yourself set up!

📅 Plan designated times for studying.

The hardest part about studying from home is sticking to a routine. Decide on one hour every day that you can dedicate to studying. This can be any time of the day, whatever works best for you. Set a timer on your phone for that time and really try to stick to it. The routine will help you stay on track.

🏆 Decide on an accountability plan.

How will you hold yourself accountable to this study plan? You may or may not have a teacher or rules set up to help you stay on track, so you need to set some for yourself. First set your goal. This could be studying for x number of hours or getting through a unit. Then, create a reward for yourself. If you reach your goal, then x. This will help stay focused!

AP US Government & Politics 2024 Study Plan

🏛️unit 1: foundations of american democracy, big takeaways:.

Unit 1 introduces the concept of democracy and its various forms. The documents that first started the United States are analyzed by looking at the challenges and promises associated with each. The division of power within our government: individual rights vs government authority and state vs federal government powers are at the heart of this unit and discussed within each founding document. 

Definitely do this:

🎥 Watch these videos:

Intro to American Government, models of Representative Democracy : A full review of the types of democracy, the difference between government and politics as well as the functions of government are discussed.

Foundational Documents Review : A deep dive into the foundational documents you need to know for the exam.

Ratification of the Constitution: Constitutional Convention : A review of the compromises leading to the ratification of the Constitution. 📰 Check out these articles:

• Unit 1 Overview: Foundations of American Democracy 
• 1.1 Ideals of Democracy
• 1.2 Types of Democracy 
• 1.3 Federalist No. 10 & Brutus 1 Summary 
• 1.4 Challenges of the Articles of Confederation
• 1.5 Ratification of the US Constitution
• 1.6 Principles of American Government
• 1.7 Relationship Between States and the Federal Government
• 1.8 Constitutional Interpretations of Federalism
• 1.9 Federalism in Action 
• 1.10 Required Founding Documents ✍️ Practice:
• Best Quizlet Deck:   AP Gov Unit 1 by bryce_s

If you have more time or want to dig deeper:

• 👻 Check out  Too Late to Apologize: An Ode to the [object Object] (YouTube)
• Types of Federalism Part 1 - Dual vs Cooperative
• Marbury v. Madison, McCulloch v. Maryland and US v. Lopez
• The Powers - Expressed, Implied, Concurrent, Denied...

⚖️ Unit 2: Interactions Among Branches of Government

Unit 2 dives into the separation of powers between our three branches of government. It looks at the specific powers of each branch as outlined in the Constitution and how each branch has grown in power through the years. The system of checks and balances and the role each branch plays in holding the other accountable is analyzed. 

Legislative and Judicial Branch Review : This stream provides a review of the legislative and judicial branches including their powers and role within the federal government.

• Powers of the Presidency : This stream provides a review of the executive branch including its powers and role within the federal government.

Separation of Powers/Checks and Balances : This video from Crash Course reviews the separation of powers between the three branches of government. It also looks at the ways each branch “checks” the other. 📰 Check out these articles:

Unit 2 Overview: Interactions Among Branches of Government

• 2.1 Congress : The Senate and the House of Representatives

2.2 Structures, Powers, and Functions of Congress

2.3 Congressional Behavior

2.4 Roles and Power of the President

2.5 Checks on the Presidency

2.6 Expansion of Presidential Power

2.7 Presidential Communication

2.8 The Judicial Branch

2.9 Legitimacy of the Judicial Branch

2.10 The Court in Action

2.11 Checks on the Judicial Branch

2.12 The Bureaucracy

2.13 Discretionary and Rule-Making Authority

2.14 Holding the Bureaucracy Accountable

2.15 Policy and the Branches of Government ✍️ Practice:

Best Quizlet Deck:   Unit 2 – AP Gov by k8te13

• Bill to Law Process
• Review and Application of Iron Triangles and Issue Networks
• Selection and Nomination of Federal Judges

✊ Unit 3: Civil Liberties and Civil Rights

Unit 3 takes the principles of our government established in Units 1 and 2 to analyze maintaining those principles while balancing liberty and order. The role of the  Bill of Rights and the 14th amendment in guaranteeing civil rights and liberties for all citizens is at the heart of this unit.  

🎥  Watch these videos:

First and Second Amendments : This stream looks at what the first and second amendments say, how they have been interpreted and some of the major Supreme Court cases around them.

Civil Liberties and Civil Rights : This video from crash course provides a review of the civil liberties and civil rights guaranteed to US citizens. It also looks at the way the  Bill of Rights has been interpreted since its inception in relation to liberties and rights.

The 14th Amendment : This stream breaks down the 14th amendment and many of the key terms associated with it: due process, equal protection, incorporation, citizenship, and privileges or immunities clause.

Required Supreme Court Cases from 1st-10th Amendments : This stream reviews Supreme Court cases about the 1st-10th Amendments and how they protect civil liberties today! 📰 Check out these articles:

• Unit 3 Overview: Civil Liberties and Civil Rights
• 3.1 The Bill of Rights
• 3.2 First Amendment: Freedom of Religion
• 3.3 First Amendment: Freedom of Speech
• 3.4 First Amendment: Freedom of the Press
• 3.5 Second Amendment: Rights to Bear Arms
• 3.6 Amendments: Balancing Individual Freedom with Public Order and Safety
• 3.7 Selective Incorporation & the 14th Amendment
• 3.8 Amendments: Due Process and the Rights of the Accused
• 3.9 Amendments: Due Process and the Right to Privacy
• 3.10 Social Movements and Equal Protection
• 3.11 Government Responses to Social Movements
• 3.12 Balancing Minority and Majority Rights
• 3.13 Affirmative Action ✍️ Practice:

Best Quizlet Deck:   AP Gov – Civil Liberties and Rights by Sandy_Midgley

• 📜 Check out  Bill of Rights and  Bill of Rights (YouTube)
• Civil Liberties and Civil Rights (Fiveable stream)

🐘Unit 4: American Political Ideologies and Beliefs

Unit 4 focuses on political ideology - the idea that there are different and consistent patterns of beliefs about political values and the role of government within the context that we live in. This unit will discuss the different American ideologies and how major parties influence them.

Political Socialization and Political Ideology :  This stream discusses what influences people's political views and a few different dominant political ideologies.

Political Parties and Their Platforms :  This stream dives into the major beliefs and ideologies of the Republican and Democratic party platforms, the history of political parties, their impact on voters and the government, and third parties were also discussed.

Economic Ideology - Keynesian vs Supply Side :  In this stream we dived into fiscal economic theory and policy, looking at the liberal take on Keynesian theory and the conservative look at supply-side theory. 📰 Check out these articles:

Unit 4 Overview: American Political Ideologies and Beliefs

4.1 American Attitudes about Government and Politics

4.2 Political Socialization

• 4.4 Influence of Political Events on Ideology

4.5 Measuring Public Opinion

4.6 Evaluating Public Opinion Data

4.7 Ideologies of Political Parties

4.8 Ideology and Policy Making

4.9 Ideology and Economic Policy

4.10 Ideology and Social Policy ✍️ Practice:

Best Quizlet Deck:   AP GOV Unit 4 by MARGARET_CYLKOWSKI

• A Review of Public Policy (Social Policy)
• A Review of Public Policy (Economic Policy)
• Social Security, Healthcare, and Education Policy

🗳Unit 5: Political Participation

This unit focuses on how we, citizens, can participate in politics as well as how the media, finance and other factors play a part in our government and policy-making. 

Voting and Voter Behavior : Who votes and why do they vote? This stream answers these questions and explains the process of voting in the US in this stream.

Campaign Finance : Campaign finance isn't as scary as you think! This stream looks at the Federal Elections Campaign Act, hard vs soft money, Buckley vs Valeo, Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act, Citizens United vs FEC, 501(c)s, and more!

Media Ownership and Bias :  This steam discusses the growing concentration of media companies and how bias in media affects both policy-making and public interest.

• Critical Elections: Realignments and Dealignment :  Often, students are confused on the differences between a party realignment and dealignment. This stream covers those around the five critical elections in US history. 📰 Check out these articles:
• Unit 5 Overview: Political Participation
• 5.1 Voting Rights and Models of Voting Behaviour 
• 5.2 Voter Turnout 
• 5.3 Political Parties 
• 5.4 How and Why Political Parties Change 
• 5.5 Third-Party Politics
• 5.6 Interest Groups Influencing Policy Making 
• 5.7 Groups Influencing Policy Outcomes 
• 5.8 Electing a President 
• 5.9 Congressional Elections
• 5.10 Modern Campaigns
• 5.11 Campaign Finance 
• 5.12 The Media 
• 5.13 Changing Media ✍️ Practice:

Best Quizlet Deck:   AP Government - Political Participation by Carpenter-Economics

🧐AP US Government - Multiple Choice Questions (MCQ)

📰 Check out these articles:

• AP US Government Multiple Choice Questions
• AP US Government Multiple Choice Help (MCQ)

🏛️AP US Government - Free Response Questions (FRQ)

Breaking Down the Supreme Court Case Comparison Essay : This stream discusses how exactly to write the Supreme Court Case Comparison Essay, FRQ #3, on the AP Gov exam! We talked about the elements of a good response, and wrote one ourselves!

Writing Workshop on the Argumentative Essay : This stream explores the Argumentative Essay, looking at the rubric and then using the remainder of the time to practice our skills. 📰 Check out these articles:

AP US Government Free Response Help - FRQs

FRQ: Conceptual Analysis

FRQ: SCOTUS Application

AP Gov FRQ: Argument Essay Review (2020)

AP Gov FRQ: Quantitative Analysis Review (2020) ✍️ Practice:

AP Gov SAQ Practice Prompt Answers & Feedback

AP GoPo Free Response Questions (FRQ) – Past Prompts

• AP Gov Federalism Practice Prompt Answers & Feedback

As you're studying for the AP exam, make sure that you have a handle on all of the Required Cases.  Check out this comprehensive study guide that outlines all the Supreme Court Cases you have to know to do your best in May!

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AP US Government and Politics Free Response Strategies

Overview of the ap us government and politics exam.

Every AP U.S. Government and Politics exam will contain the same four free-response question (FRQ) types, always in the following order:

• Concept Application : Apply government and politics concepts to a scenario described in a paragraph.
• Quantitative Analysis : Interpret data from an information graphic, and apply the data to government and politics concepts.
• SCOTUS Comparison : Compare a provided description of a non-required Supreme Court case to a required Supreme Court case.
• Argument Essay : Construct an essay with a thesis, support it with evidence, and respond to a view that opposes the thesis.

AP US Government and Politics Writing Strategies

Step 1: analyze the prompt.

• The stimulus. The first three prompts will all include a stimulus, paragraph(s) or an information graphic that serves as the base of the questions that follow. Whether text or visual, analyze the stimulus just as carefully as you do the questions themselves. Take notes, underline key facts, and mark data trends. Most of the questions will be based directly on information from the stimulus, so it is essential to fully understand the stimulus.
• The content of the questions. Consider exactly what topics the questions address. Underline key terms and requirements. Some prompt parts might ask for more than one item—perhaps a “similarity” and a “conclusion based on the similarity”—so make sure you address them all. Read all the questions before starting work on your responses; often, the questions ask for related information or build upon each other, so understanding the set as a whole will help you plan out your response.
• identify : point out a trend or piece of information
• describe : fully lay out the details of something
• explain : describe something, including why or how factors (e.g., what causes it, why it’s important)
• analyze : explain something, considering multiple perspectives, and assert a claim based on evidence and logic

Step 2: Plan Your Response

• Think about what you will write for each part of each prompt. Jot down brief notes—phrases and/or examples—for each part.
• When asked to describe, discuss , or explain , see if you can come up with an example to help support your response.
• Double check your notes against the prompt to make sure you didn’t skip any required tasks.
• Devote an appropriate amount of time to each part, depending on the complexity of the required task. (Parts that only ask you to identify something will require less time than parts that ask you to explain or describe .)

Step 3: Action! Write Your Response

Step 4: proofread.

Learn more about each free response question on the AP U.S. Government and Politics exam. Concept Application   •  Quantitative Analysis   •  SCOTUS Comparison   •  Argument Essay

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AP U.S. Government and Politics Exam Questions

Free-response questions and scoring information.

Download free-response questions from this year's exam and past exams along with scoring guidelines, sample responses from exam takers, and scoring distributions.

If you require an accessible version of any documents on this page, please email [email protected] . We will respond to your email within 3 business days.

Note : Some questions and scoring guidelines from the 2023 and earlier AP U.S. Government and Politics Exams may not perfectly align with the course and exam updates that take effect in the 2023-24 school year. These questions remain available because teachers say that imperfectly aligned questions still provide instructional value.

2024: Free-Response Questions

2023: Free-Response Questions

2022: Free-Response Questions

2021: Free-Response Questions

2020: Free-Response Questions

The 2020 free-response questions are available in the  AP Classroom question bank .

2019: Free-Response Questions

2018: Free-Response Questions

2017: Free-Response Questions

2016: Free-Response Questions

2015: Free-Response Questions

2014: Free-Response Questions

2013: Free-Response Questions

2012: Free-Response Questions

2011: Free-Response Questions

2010: Free-Response Questions

2009: Free-Response Questions

2008: Free-Response Questions

2007: Free-Response Questions

2006: Free-Response Questions

2005: Free-Response Questions

2004: Free-Response Questions

2003: Free-Response Questions

2002: Free-Response Questions

2001: Free-Response Questions

2000: Free-Response Questions

1999: Free-Response Questions