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Gcse physical education (9-1) - j587.

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Our GCSE in Physical Education equips students with the knowledge, understanding and skills to develop their own performance in sport. They develop their understanding of socio-cultural influences on participation in sport, and the benefits of physical activity to health, fitness and well-being.

Specification code: J587 Qualification number: 601/8442/5 This qualification is available in English only

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Football Example

Practical performance, physical education, saint ambrose college - altrincham.

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PE Coursework Football: Left Winger Strength Fitness Component- Agility My sport of choice is football, I play football regularly and I play as a left winger. There are multiple important components of fitness that are needed to assure I compete to the best of my ability in the matches. I believe that power, reaction time and co-ordination are very important components of fitness. However, I believe my most influential component of fitness strength in football is agility. Agility is the ability to move and change direction and position of the body quickly and effectively while under control. It requires quick reflexes, coordination, balance, speed, and correct response to the changing situation. Agility is a crucial part of my game in many ways, as a winger, I am required to be able to attack and aid in defence. This refers to multiple possible match situations. Once my team loses the ball in attack I must quickly react, stop my run and turn back to help in defence. This ability for me to quickly change direction at speed like is pivotal in the game and determines whether I am effective in the game and help my team. Agility also influences my ability to attack and beat players. When taking on a player I must be able to ‘move and change direction quickly and effectively while under control’. A great example of a player with first rate agility is, in my opinion, Eden Hazard, who happens to play in my position. Eden Hazard showed many times at Chelsea how agility, along with balance, creates a perfect blend for a winger. This ability made Hazard arguably the best player in the English Premier League for nearly five years. Many pundits would call Hazard the perfect winger because of how easy he found it to beat players and score. As dribbling is an open skill, the environment is continually changing and therefore you need to be able to change direction in order to avoid opponents. Having superior agility allows a player to do execute the correct responses at speed and beat their opposing player. Players like Hazard, Messi, Salah and Sterling are all considered the best wingers in the world and they can all beat defenders despite not always being the fastest player. The

component of fitness that contributes the most to this ability is their superior agility. Therefore, I believe agility is the most crucial component of fitness for a winger. During a match my agility is tested in different scenarios. The most important scenario is when the midfield has the ball and I attempt to make a run in behind the defensive line. For these runs to be affective I need to make sure that I am onside. The offside law states that ‘a player is in an offside position if any of their body parts, except the hands and arms, are in the opponents' half of the pitch, and closer to the opponents' goal line than both the ball and the second-last opponent (the last opponent is usually, but not necessarily, the goalkeeper)’. In the cup final last year, I noticed that the opposition’s defence were trying to play an offside trap. As I needed to make sure that I was not in front of this offside line when the pass was played, I had to alter my run. I used my ability to change direction at speed, while maintaining control, to curve my attacking run and stay onside. I was then able to control the ball and take it round the keeper, without losing speed, allowing me to score the winner and make it 2-1. We won the final thanks to my superior agility allowed me to score, proving how important agility is in matches. Another example where my agility had a positive influence on my performance was during the final league game of last season. We were drawing 2-2, needing a draw to clinch promotion, and were under a lot of pressure with about 10 minutes to go. I was running forward to create an attack when our midfielder got caught in possession while looking for a pass. There was a man free on my side that I had to get back to mark. I very quickly changed direction and pumped my arms and legs to give me the high speed I needed to get back to cover our net. My opposition man received the ball and although I missed him, I was able to change direction and slide across our goal line to clear the ball and save a goal. Although my speed played a part in my clearance, it was my agility that allowed me to get into a position where I could extend my knee, and plantarflex my ankle, so that I could marginally tip the ball round the post. We were promoted because of this result whereas we would have finished third if we had conceded that goal.

Another example of when my lack of cardio-vascular endurance negatively affected my performance was when I was making an attacking run while our midfield had the ball. The pass was a miss and I had to get back in and stop the opposition attack. As I was too tired, I got in to defend late and made a bad challenge giving away a penalty. The FA law states ‘A penalty kick is awarded against a team which commits any of the offences for which a direct free kick is awarded inside its own penalty area and while the ball is in play.’ The opposition scored the penalty and I single handily cost my team the game due to my poor cardio-vascular endurance. If my body had the ability to supply my active muscles with energy, then I may have been able to get back and safely make the tackle. Strength Skill- Shooting There are many skills that are very important in football, or more specifically in my game. I believe that skills like passing, vision, off-ball movement etc are all important, but in my opinion my best, and most influential, skill is shooting. I think that my shooting is my best and most important skill as the old cliché says if you don’t shoot you don’t score. Shooting can be defined as the act of trying to kick the ball into the goal and is important in football as it is the only way that a team can independently score a goal. In the first section I talked about how wingers are expected to attack and many of the best wingers in the world are some of the top scorers in their leagues. For example, Eden Hazard consistently scored between 10 and 20 goals in a Premier League season. Two of best players of all time, Cristiano Ronaldo and Lionel Messi, started off as wingers and were voted as the best players in the world for their ability to score 40 or 50 goals a season. This makes it clear that shooting is an important skill for a winger. Somebody is skilful if they can correctly, and consistently, bring about a successful outcome, in this case it would be scoring from shots. In the system I play in I am instructed to play very narrow and make runs in behind. This leads to me having more opportunities to score and therefore my ability to shoot is vital to helping

the team. An example of this in the modern game would be Sergio Aguero. Aguero isn’t a winger but is arguably the best striker in the world right now and has the most clinical shot in the Premier League. Currently, after 8 games, Aguero has had 9 shots on target, and scored 8 goals. Aguero has done this for his whole career and is now Manchester City’s top scorer in history. This is a great example of how being good at shooting can be so important for anyone taking a shot. As a winger I tend to have more long-range shots than a striker and it is my long-range shots that I consider my greatest skill strength. A player whose long- range shooting is a perfect example is Kevin De Bruyne, a fellow winger, who is commonly considered one of the best wingers in the world. He contributes numerous goals for his team and therefore has a positive impact on his teams’, and his personal, performance. It is increasingly difficult to create goal scoring opportunities in football and therefore a higher success rate means that a team has more chance of winning matches, especially if those successful shots come from distance. A shot requires many muscles and muscle groups to generate the right power and accuracy. The quadriceps and hamstrings are the most important muscles for a shot as they create the power as they swing back and power through. When winding up for a shot the quadriceps flex and the hamstrings extend for the leg to go back. The hamstring is the antagonist in this example but once the leg powers through to shoot it becomes the agonist controlling the movement and flexing. A shot is an open skill as the player must receive and respond to the ball, their teammate’s position and the opposition’s position all at once. A shot can be internally paced as you decide when to shoot and where to shoot on your own accord. You could argue otherwise and say that a shot is externally paced as you may be rushed into the shot based off your opponent’s meaning they almost have control of when you release the ball. The action of shooting is basic but making your shot affective, powerful, accurate and then scoring is much more complex meaning it is somewhere in the middle of the classification. It is obvious that shooting is a gross skill as you are using large muscles and muscle groups with your quadriceps, hamstrings, gastrocnemius and tibialis anterior creating the movement.

weaker. I scored with that shot and equalised earning us an important point against a team much better than us. Another example where my shooting ability had a positive effect on my team would be when I scored a late equaliser in the semi-final to take it to extra time. This time it was a free kick that I won. The pressure on me was very high so I had to remain clam. To remain calm, I imagined myself scoring and was breathing deeply to calm myself and reach optimum arousal. I struck the ball towards the goalie’s side and he stepped across thinking I was going over the wall. He was left going the wrong way and my well Struck shot beat everyone along with the keeper who was diving back, trying to stop the ball. The match ended with my team winners after extra time which was achieved by me scoring the free kick. We made it to the final thanks to my powerful and accurate shooting. Weakness Skill- Tackling The skill in my football that I believe is my weakest is being able to tackle. Tackling involves ‘the primary and important purposes of tackling are to dispossess an opponent of the ball, to stop the player from gaining ground towards goal or to stop them from carrying out what they intend.’ There are many different tackles that can be made in football and all involve defensive play. You can make a standing tackle, which involves straying on your feet, remaining reserved and trying to be tactical about the moment you step in. You can also attempt a slide tackle which is more dangerous and involves sliding in at the ball. This may be done when out of position as an attempt to catch the opponent ahead of you or this could be done to win the ball from a stronger player who you won't beat with a stand tackle. As I have stated previously, in my system I am required to defend and attack, so the tackling skill is particularly important. As I am naturally an attacker, adapting to this system is difficult and being able to tackle is part of that adaption. Being able to sit in under pressure, almost as a fullback and stand the opposition winger up is a skill needed for my game. In the 2018/19 season, Felipe Anderson played as a Left

Winger for West Ham completing the 9th most tackles of any player in the league that year. He played as a similar player to me, having to sit deep as his team spent a lot of the time under pressure. A team like West Ham spend a lot of the time without the ball, meaning Anderson’s tackling had to be at a high level to relieve pressure from his team. An example of my failure to tackle in my game would be in a match where we had the chance to overtake the team at the top of the league. In that game I was left to tuck when we had won a corner. The corner resulted in a counter attack and I ended up in a 1-on-1 situation with the opposing attacker. Due to my lack of attacking ability, I was unable to dispossess the attacker and also ended up on the ground unable to recover. As a result, the attacker punished us and made the game 1-0, just as it ended. This emphasises the importance of the ability to tackle due to my inability to win the ball and losing my team the game. Another example where my poor tackling had a negative impact on my team and my game was when in a semi-final where I was highly aroused which was negatively affecting my performance. I then attempted a tackle that was completely mistimed and dangerous. The referee deemed that as violent conduct which, by law of the FA is an S2 charge code meaning I was sent off and received a 3 match ban. Due to my inferior tackling ability I was able to have no effect on that game therefore proving the importance of the ability to tackle in my position. Improving Component of Fitness Weakness To improve my cardio vascular endurance I must use the the training types to consider which will have the most positive effect on my weakness. Chosen Training Type: Continuous Training (specifically Fartlek Training) Fartlek training or ‘speed play’ training involves varying your speed and the type of terrain over which you run, walk, cycle or ski. It improves your aerobic and anaerobic fitness as well as your cardio vascular endurance. This makes it a perfect training type for football as the game is played at aerobic and anaerobic intensities. My

 Gradual pulse racing activity of a light jog, 35% of MHR, for 3 minutes.  Dynamic and static stretching of the muscles used in the training muscles are: gastrocnemius, tibialis anterior, hamstring, quadriceps, gluteus maximus, groins and hip flexors.  A quick run over of the intensity switches and my plan for run. Fartlek Training:  I will complete 5 ‘reps’ of this one course to complete a single session.  The course will be a lap of a field, the lap being 600m.  I will jog the first 200m and sprint the next 50m, then jog 150m and sprint 50m and then jog 100m and end on a final 50m sprint.  The rest will be 4 minutes and then another lap will be done.  This course is ¼ sprinting and involves reducing the rest of the jog the longer the run becomes. Theory for skill weakness I have come to the conclusion that the reason that my tackling, closing down, marking and jockeying of players in the game is my weakness is because when completing every one of these actions, my arousal levels are much too high. Arousal is defined as a physiological and psychological state of alertness/excitement varying from deep sleep to deep sleep to intense excitement. For fine and gross skills, there is a different optimum level of arousal, and this is represented through the inverted u- theory diagram below. In the majority of these situations, these actions are gross, simple skills. This means that optimum levels of arousal must be quite high (O). However, when I am attempting these skills, my arousal is near the far right end (X). As shown on the diagram, my arousal levels lie on the blue 'x’ on the red section of the graph. My elevated levels of arousal lead to very low levels of performance, which is why if I learn to control my levels arousal, my standard of tackling, jockeying, closing down and marking will increase. There are a number of ways I plan to control my arousal during a game to ensure my levels of performance increase, and these are:

 Deep breathing (physical/somatic)  Mental rehearsal/visualisation/imagery (mental/cognitive)  Positive self-talk (mental/cognitive) Firstly, all three of these arousal control methods are relatively simple and can be done both before and during a game. Deep breathing is a somatic arousal control technique that simply involves exaggerating the in/out action of breathing. This can be done before the game and in-between active phases of play. This leads to controlled levels of arousal and calmed nerves, both of which leading to higher levels of performance. Mental rehearsal is the first of the two cognitive arousal control methods. This involves the performer picturing themselves completing the desired action successfully, and this leads to the performer relaxing and being able to focus on the desired skill. I would carry this out by imagining myself completing the actions contained within my skill weakness successfully. Johnny Wilkinson famously adopted a pose whereby he would breathe deeply, and mentally rehearse a successful conversion in rugby, and this lead to a high majority of his conversion kicks being successful. Finally, the last arousal control method, positive self-talk, involves the performer talking to themselves. This cognitive action reassures the performer that they are playing well or that they are prepared for the desired outcome that they wish to bring about. I will carry out a combination of all three of these arousal control methods in order to ensure that my standard of performance in relation to tackling, jockeying, closing down and marking increases, which will allow the results of my team to improve. An example of where these arousal control methods would have led to a better performance is the second example for my tackling where I have received a red card. During this game, my team were winning 1-0. However, the opposition were mounting a great deal of pressure. I was fouled twice, and due to this my arousal levels increased massively, and this led to me carrying out a direct aggression (using physical contact to deliberately inflict harm), and instead of attempting to dispossess

Multiple Choice

Topic : Practical performance

Subject : physical education.

Discover more from: Physical Education GCSE Year 2 115 Documents Go to course
More from: Practical performance 15 Documents Go to topic
More from: Physical Education GCSE Year 2 115 Documents Go to course

OCR GCSE PE Past Papers

On this page, you can download the three most recent papers for OCR GCSE PE and view a comprehensive a breakdown of what each examine, including:

Number of marks for each unit.
Number of marks for each topic
Assessment objective breakdown
Topic of the Extended Questions.

Note: You may notice that the marks allocated to each topic do not cumulatively add up to the total marks for a given paper. This is because questions with more than one topic required for the marks are included in both topic tallies.

2023 Series

Applied Anatomy and Physiology: 38

Skeletal System – 4
Muscular System – 1
Lever Systems – 2
Planes and Axes – 4
Cardiovascular System – 15*
Respiratory System – 7
Anaerobic and Aerobic Exercise – 5
Effects of Exercise – 19*

Physical Training: 22

Components of Fitness & Fitness Testing – 5
Principles of Training – 5
Optimising Training/Types of Training – 6
Preventing Injury – 6

AO1 – 25 marks, AO2 – 20 marks, AO3 – 15 marks

6 marker – Long Term Effects of Exercise, Consequences of a Sedentary Lifestyle and the Cardiovascular System

Health, Fitness and Well-being – 9
Consequences of a Sedentary Lifestyle – 2
Diet and Nutrition – 7

Sports Psychology: 21

Sport Psychology – 11
Guidance and Feedback – 10

Socio-Cultural Influences: 22

Engagement Patterns – 11
Ethical and Socio-cultural Issues – 9
Commercialisation of Physical Activity and Sport – 1

AO1 – 23 marks, AO2 – 20 marks, AO3 – 17 marks

6 marker – Health, Fitness and Wellbeing, Types of Training

2022 Series

Skeletal System – 7
Muscular System – 5
Lever Systems – 4
Cardiovascular System – 8
Anaerobic and Aerobic Exercise – 4
Effects of Exercise – 11

Physical Training: 23

Components of Fitness & Fitness Testing – 4
Principles of Training – 1
Optimising Training/Types of Training – 14*
Preventing Injury – 8

6 marker – Optimising Training, Participation in Sport

Health, Fitness and Well-being – 9*

Sports Psychology: 20

Sport Psychology – 9
Guidance and Feedback – 11
Engagement Patterns – 17
Ethical and Socio-cultural Issues – 3
Commercialisation of Physical Activity and Sport – 2

6 marker – Health, Fitness and Wellbeing, Optimising Training

2021 Series

Applied Anatomy and Physiology: 37

Skeletal System – 10
Cardiovascular System – 3
Respiratory System – 8
Effects of Exercise – 15
Components of Fitness & Fitness Testing – 6
Principles of Training – 3
Optimising Training/Types of Training – 9*
Preventing Injury – 7

AO1 – 27 marks, AO2 – 18 marks, AO3 – 15 marks

6 marker – Optimising Training, Mental Preparation

Health, Fitness and Well-being – 8
Consequences of a Sedentary Lifestyle – 7*
Diet and Nutrition – 3

Sports Psychology: 28

Sport Psychology – 21*
Guidance and Feedback – 7

Socio-Cultural Influences: 15

Engagement Patterns – 9
Ethical and Socio-cultural Issues – 5

AO1 – 25 marks, AO2 – 21 marks, AO3 – 13 marks

6 marker – Consequences of a Sedentary Lifestyle, Injury Prevention

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