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How to Write a Cover Letter for Your Manuscript? Here are the Tips and Examples

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A cover letter is often the first thing an editor reads when reviewing your submission. As your first pitch to the editor, the cover letter helps them gauge the suitability of your manuscript for publication in their journal. Imagine your work shaping the future of your field, gathering citations, and sparking discussions. A powerful cover letter is thus the first step to making that vision into a reality.   

In this article, we will guide you through the process of writing an effective cover letter and explain how you can get it right every time with examples. First, let us get started with the basics!  

Getting the Basics Right  

When writing a cover letter, it is crucial to address the editor by their correct and complete name¹ . If there are multiple co-editors, you can address your letter to the right person, based on their specialization or designated responsibilities. If unsure, it is okay to go with a more general salutation, such as “Dear Editors”¹ .   

Presenting your Research  

Provide a clear and concise title for your submission and specify whether it is an article, communication, review, perspective, or a manuscript belonging to some other category. If the journal guideline recommends, consider including a list of all authors in the manuscript.   

After covering the preliminary information, briefly explain your paper’s central theme or focus to give the editor an idea of its contents. Ensure this stays a brief outline, without going into too much detail.   

Conveying the Importance of Your Work  

How you communicate the impact of your work can make or break your cover letter. To make a strong impression on the editor, articulate the significance of your research clearly, emphasizing its relevance to the field. Additionally, show how your work aligns with the journal’s scope and mission.  

Including a Formal Declaration  

Some journals require a set of declarations from you to ensure that your manuscript adheres to its ethical code and the larger ethical standards of scientific publishing. Here are the required declarations in a cover letter:  

• Originality of work:  
• Confirm that your work is original and has not been published elsewhere. This tells the editor your research is unique.  
• Conflict of interest statement:  
• Be clear about any potential conflicts of interest. This includes any personal, financial, or professional connections that might affect your research.  
• Funding source (if applicable):  
• Tell where your research funding came from, if any. This includes any support or grants from organizations.   

Including Personal Suggestions for Reviewers on a Separate Page (optional)  

If there is no part of the submission process that collects researcher suggestions for reviewers, and there are special requests from the researcher for reviewers (e.g., recommending the inclusion or suggesting the exclusion of a specific reviewer, etc.), you may also make a note about this in the cover letter.  

Combining these five points, here is a good example of a cover letter for researchers’ reference:  

(This image is intended to demonstrate the norms of formatting and tone of expression in a cover letter, it is to be used only by the researcher as a reference in writing² .)  

Conclusion  

A strong cover letter can go a long way in ensuring success for researchers looking to publish their manuscripts! Your cover letter is the opening act, setting the stage for how editors perceive your manuscript. So, look at it not as just another formality but as a crucial opportunity to make a strong impression.   

Understanding what to include, what is optional, and what is best left unsaid can be tricky. That is where our team of experts at Elsevier Language Services can step in. We will provide personalized recommendations and expert guidance to help you craft a cover letter that perfectly complements your manuscript. Reach out to us today to make a great first impression and embark on a successful academic journey!  

Reference  

• Nicholas, D. (2019). How to choose a journal and write a cover letter. Saudi Journal of Anaesthesia, 13(5), 35. https://doi.org/10.4103/sja.sja_691_18  
• Loyola University Chicago. (n.d.). JCSHESA Sample Cover Letter. https://ecommons.luc.edu/jcshesa/cover_letter_template.pdf  

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Written Samples

15 sample cover letters for journal submission.

Submitting your research paper to a journal can be a nerve-wracking experience, especially when you’re unsure of how to craft a compelling cover letter.

A well-written cover letter can make all the difference in catching the editor’s attention and increasing your chances of publication.

Sample Cover Letters for Journal Submission

In this article, we’ll explore 15 sample cover letters that showcase various strategies for effectively communicating the significance of your research and its potential impact on the field.

These examples will serve as a valuable resource for researchers across disciplines, providing inspiration and guidance for crafting their successful cover letters.

Let’s dive in and discover the key elements that make these cover letters stand out from the crowd.

Cover Letter One

Subject: Submission of Research Article – “The Impact of Social Media on Adolescent Mental Health”

Dear Editor,

I am writing to submit my research article titled “The Impact of Social Media on Adolescent Mental Health” for consideration in your esteemed journal. This study provides a comprehensive analysis of the relationship between social media use and mental health outcomes among adolescents, offering valuable insights for mental health professionals, educators, and policymakers.

The article presents findings from a large-scale survey of 5,000 adolescents aged 13-18, exploring their social media habits and mental health status. The results reveal a significant correlation between excessive social media use and increased rates of anxiety, depression, and low self-esteem. Furthermore, the study identifies specific social media behaviors that contribute to negative mental health outcomes, such as cyberbullying and exposure to unrealistic beauty standards.

I believe that this research makes a substantial contribution to the existing literature on adolescent mental health and social media use. The findings have important implications for developing targeted interventions and educational programs to promote healthy social media habits among young people. The article also highlights the need for further research to understand the long-term effects of social media on mental health and to develop evidence-based guidelines for safe and responsible use.

Thank you for considering my submission. I look forward to the opportunity to share this research with your readers and contribute to the ongoing dialogue on this critical issue.

[Your Name]

[Your Affiliation]

Cover Letter Two

Subject: Submission of Original Research – “Exploring the Potential of Renewable Energy in Developing Countries”

I am pleased to submit my original research article titled “Exploring the Potential of Renewable Energy in Developing Countries” for consideration in your respected journal. This study investigates the challenges and opportunities for implementing renewable energy solutions in developing nations, with a focus on solar and wind power.

The article presents a comprehensive analysis of the current state of renewable energy adoption in five developing countries across Africa and Asia. Through a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods, including surveys, interviews with key stakeholders, and geospatial analysis, the study identifies the major barriers to widespread renewable energy adoption, such as lack of infrastructure, limited access to financing, and inadequate policy support.

However, the research also highlights the significant potential for renewable energy to transform the lives of millions of people in developing countries by providing access to clean, affordable, and reliable electricity. The article presents case studies of successful renewable energy projects in each of the five countries, demonstrating the feasibility and benefits of these solutions.

I believe that this research makes a valuable contribution to the field of sustainable development and energy policy. The findings have important implications for policymakers, investors, and development organizations seeking to promote renewable energy in developing countries. The article also lays the groundwork for further research on the social, economic, and environmental impacts of renewable energy adoption in these contexts.

Thank you for your consideration. I am excited about the opportunity to share this research with your readers and contribute to the global effort to achieve sustainable energy for all.

Cover Letter Three

Subject: Submission of Review Article – “The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare: Opportunities and Challenges”

I am writing to submit my review article titled “The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare: Opportunities and Challenges” for consideration in your distinguished journal. This article provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of AI applications in healthcare, exploring the potential benefits and risks of these technologies for patients, healthcare providers, and health systems.

The article begins by defining AI and its various subfields, such as machine learning and natural language processing, and discussing their relevance to healthcare. It then presents a systematic review of the literature on AI applications in healthcare, covering areas such as medical imaging, drug discovery, personalized medicine, and clinical decision support.

The review identifies several key opportunities for AI to improve healthcare outcomes, such as enhancing diagnostic accuracy, optimizing treatment plans, and reducing healthcare costs. However, it also highlights the significant challenges and risks associated with AI in healthcare, such as data privacy concerns, algorithmic bias, and the need for robust regulatory frameworks.

I believe that this review article makes a timely and important contribution to the ongoing debate about the role of AI in healthcare. As healthcare systems around the world grapple with the challenges of rising costs, aging populations, and the COVID-19 pandemic, AI has emerged as a potentially transformative technology. However, the adoption of AI in healthcare also raises complex ethical, legal, and social questions that require careful consideration.

Thank you for considering my submission. I am confident that this review article will be of interest to a wide range of healthcare professionals, researchers, and policymakers, and I look forward to the opportunity to contribute to the scholarly discourse on this critical topic.

Cover Letter Four

Subject: Submission of Case Study – “Implementing a Successful Remote Work Policy: Lessons from Company X”

I am pleased to submit my case study titled “Implementing a Successful Remote Work Policy: Lessons from Company X” for consideration in your esteemed journal. This study provides a detailed analysis of how one company successfully transitioned to a remote work model during the COVID-19 pandemic, offering valuable insights for organizations seeking to adapt to the changing nature of work.

The case study focuses on Company X, a mid-sized technology firm that implemented a comprehensive remote work policy in response to the pandemic. Through interviews with company leaders, employees, and external stakeholders, as well as an analysis of company documents and performance metrics, the study identifies the key factors that contributed to the success of the remote work transition.

These factors include a clear and consistent communication strategy, the provision of necessary technology and support for remote workers, a focus on maintaining company culture and employee engagement, and a flexible approach to managing work-life balance. The case study also discusses the challenges that Company X faced during the transition, such as managing cybersecurity risks and ensuring equitable access to remote work opportunities.

I believe that this case study makes a valuable contribution to the growing body of research on remote work and organizational resilience. As companies around the world continue to grapple with the impacts of the pandemic and the changing nature of work, there is a pressing need for evidence-based guidance on how to implement successful remote work policies.

Thank you for considering my submission. I am confident that this case study will be of interest to a wide range of organizational leaders, HR professionals, and researchers, and I look forward to the opportunity to share these insights with your readers.

Cover Letter Five

Subject: Submission of Original Research – “The Impact of Climate Change on Biodiversity: Evidence from a Long-Term Field Study”

I am writing to submit my original research article titled “The Impact of Climate Change on Biodiversity: Evidence from a Long-Term Field Study” for consideration in your respected journal. This study presents findings from a 20-year field study of the impacts of climate change on biodiversity in a temperate forest ecosystem, offering new insights into the complex relationships between climate, species interactions, and ecosystem functioning.

The study combines long-term monitoring data on temperature, precipitation, and other climate variables with detailed observations of plant and animal populations in a 100-hectare forest reserve. Using advanced statistical modeling techniques, the study identifies significant changes in species composition, phenology, and interactions over the 20 years, with some species showing marked declines while others have adapted or even thrived in the changing climate.

The article discusses the implications of these findings for conservation policy and practice, highlighting the need for adaptive management strategies that take into account the complex and dynamic nature of ecosystems in a changing climate. It also identifies key areas for further research, such as the role of species interactions and ecosystem services in mediating the impacts of climate change on biodiversity.

I believe that this research makes a significant contribution to the growing body of evidence on the impacts of climate change on biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. As the world continues to grapple with the urgent challenges posed by climate change, there is a critical need for long-term, empirical studies that can inform effective conservation and adaptation strategies.

Thank you for considering my submission. I am excited about the opportunity to share this research with your readers and contribute to the ongoing efforts to understand and address the impacts of climate change on the natural world.

Cover Letter Six

Subject: Submission of Meta-Analysis – “The Effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Interventions for Chronic Pain Management: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis”

I am pleased to submit my meta-analysis titled “The Effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Interventions for Chronic Pain Management: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis” for consideration in your distinguished journal. This study provides a comprehensive and up-to-date synthesis of the evidence on the use of mindfulness-based interventions for the management of chronic pain, offering valuable insights for healthcare providers, researchers, and patients.

The study follows a rigorous systematic review protocol, including a comprehensive search of multiple electronic databases, a standardized screening and data extraction process, and a detailed assessment of study quality and risk of bias. The meta-analysis includes data from 25 randomized controlled trials, involving a total of 2,500 participants with various types of chronic pain, including low back pain, fibromyalgia, and neuropathic pain.

The results of the meta-analysis indicate that mindfulness-based interventions are associated with significant reductions in pain intensity, pain-related disability, and psychological distress, as well as improvements in quality of life and well-being. The study also identifies several moderators of treatment effectiveness, such as the type and duration of the intervention, the characteristics of the patient population, and the presence of co-occurring mental health conditions.

I believe that this meta-analysis makes a valuable contribution to the growing body of research on the use of mindfulness-based interventions for chronic pain management. As the prevalence of chronic pain continues to rise, there is an urgent need for effective, non-pharmacological approaches to pain management that can improve patient outcomes and reduce the burden on healthcare systems.

Thank you for considering my submission. I am confident that this meta-analysis will be of interest to a wide range of healthcare professionals, researchers, and policymakers, and I look forward to the opportunity to contribute to the evidence base on this important topic.

Cover Letter Seven

Subject: Submission of Qualitative Study – “Exploring the Experiences of Transgender Individuals in the Workplace: A Qualitative Study”

I am writing to submit my qualitative study titled “Exploring the Experiences of Transgender Individuals in the Workplace: A Qualitative Study” for consideration in your esteemed journal. This study provides a rich and nuanced understanding of the challenges and opportunities faced by transgender individuals in the workplace, offering valuable insights for employers, policymakers, and advocates.

The study uses a qualitative phenomenological approach, consisting of in-depth interviews with 20 transgender individuals from diverse backgrounds and industries. The interviews explore participants’ experiences of transitioning in the workplace, including their interactions with colleagues and supervisors, their experiences of discrimination and support, and their strategies for navigating the challenges of being transgender in the workplace.

The findings of the study highlight the complex and varied experiences of transgender individuals in the workplace, from the difficulties of coming out and transitioning to the importance of inclusive policies and practices. The study also identifies several key themes, such as the role of allies and support networks, the impact of intersectionality on workplace experiences, and the potential for workplace transitions to be a source of personal and professional growth.

I believe that this qualitative study makes a valuable contribution to the growing body of research on the experiences of transgender individuals in the workplace. As more and more companies seek to create inclusive and equitable workplaces, there is a pressing need for in-depth, qualitative research that can inform best practices and policies for supporting transgender employees.

Thank you for considering my submission. I am excited about the opportunity to share this research with your readers and contribute to the ongoing efforts to create more inclusive and equitable workplaces for all individuals, regardless of their gender identity.

Cover Letter Eight

Subject: Submission of Theoretical Article – “Rethinking the Concept of Leadership in the Age of Digital Transformation”

I am pleased to submit my theoretical article titled “Rethinking the Concept of Leadership in the Age of Digital Transformation” for consideration in your distinguished journal. This article provides a novel and thought-provoking perspective on the changing nature of leadership in the context of the digital age, offering valuable insights for scholars, practitioners, and educators.

The article begins by reviewing the traditional theories and models of leadership, from trait-based approaches to transformational and servant leadership. It then argues that these models are increasingly inadequate for understanding and practicing leadership in the context of digital transformation, which is characterized by rapid change, complexity, and uncertainty.

Drawing on recent research and examples from a range of industries and sectors, the article proposes a new framework for conceptualizing leadership in the digital age. This framework emphasizes the importance of adaptability, collaboration, and innovation, as well as the need for leaders to be comfortable with ambiguity and to embrace a more distributed and networked model of leadership.

The article also discusses the implications of this new framework for leadership development and education, arguing for a greater emphasis on experiential learning, design thinking, and cross-disciplinary collaboration. It concludes by identifying several key areas for further research and practice, such as the role of technology in shaping leadership practices and the need for more inclusive and diverse models of leadership.

I believe that this theoretical article makes a significant contribution to the ongoing debate about the future of leadership in the digital age. As organizations around the world grapple with the challenges and opportunities of digital transformation, there is a pressing need for new and innovative approaches to leadership that can help them navigate this complex and rapidly changing landscape.

Thank you for considering my submission. I am confident that this article will be of interest to a wide range of scholars, practitioners, and educators, and I look forward to the opportunity to contribute to the scholarly discourse on this important topic.

Cover Letter Nine

Subject: Submission of Empirical Study – “The Relationship Between Social Support and Mental Health Among College Students During the COVID-19 Pandemic”

I am writing to submit my empirical study titled “The Relationship Between Social Support and Mental Health Among College Students During the COVID-19 Pandemic” for consideration in your respected journal. This study provides a timely and important examination of the impact of social support on the mental health of college students during a period of unprecedented stress and uncertainty.

The study uses a cross-sectional survey design, collecting data from a sample of 500 college students across the United States. The survey includes validated measures of social support, mental health symptoms (depression, anxiety, and stress), and demographic variables. The data are analyzed using a combination of descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and multiple regression modeling.

The results of the study indicate that higher levels of social support are significantly associated with lower levels of mental health symptoms among college students during the pandemic. The study also identifies several key sources of social support, including family, friends, and faculty/staff, and highlights the importance of both emotional and instrumental support in promoting mental health.

I believe that this empirical study makes a valuable contribution to the growing body of research on the mental health impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic, particularly among college students who have faced significant disruptions to their academic and social lives. The findings have important implications for college administrators, mental health professionals, and policymakers seeking to support the well-being of students during this challenging time.

Thank you for considering my submission. I am confident that this study will be of interest to a wide range of researchers, practitioners, and educators concerned with the mental health and well-being of college students, and I look forward to the opportunity to share these findings with your readers.

Cover Letter Ten

Subject: Submission of Methodological Article – “Advancing the Use of Mixed Methods in Health Services Research: A Guide for Researchers”

I am pleased to submit my methodological article titled “Advancing the Use of Mixed Methods in Health Services Research: A Guide for Researchers” for consideration in your distinguished journal. This article provides a comprehensive and practical guide for researchers interested in using mixed methods approaches to study complex health services research questions.

The article begins by defining mixed methods research and discussing its key principles and benefits, including the ability to triangulate findings, explore both breadth and depth and address multiple research questions within a single study. It then provides a step-by-step guide for designing and conducting mixed methods health services research studies, from developing research questions and sampling strategies to collecting and analyzing data and integrating findings.

The article also discusses several key considerations and challenges in conducting mixed methods research, such as ensuring the quality and rigor of both quantitative and qualitative components, managing large and diverse datasets, and publishing and disseminating findings. It provides practical tips and strategies for addressing these challenges, drawing on examples from successful mixed methods studies in health services research.

I believe that this methodological article makes a valuable contribution to the growing field of mixed methods research in health services. As health systems around the world face increasingly complex and multifaceted challenges, there is a pressing need for innovative and rigorous research approaches that can capture the full range of factors influencing health services delivery and outcomes.

Thank you for considering my submission. I am confident that this article will be of interest to a wide range of health services researchers, from novice to experienced investigators, and I look forward to the opportunity to support the continued growth and development of mixed methods research in this important field.

Cover Letter Eleven

Subject: Submission of Case Report – “Successful Treatment of Refractory Chronic Migraine with Botulinum Toxin Type A: A Case Report”

I am writing to submit my case report titled “Successful Treatment of Refractory Chronic Migraine with Botulinum Toxin Type A: A Case Report” for consideration in your esteemed journal. This report describes the clinical course and successful treatment of a patient with chronic migraine who had failed multiple previous therapies.

The report presents the case of a 45-year-old woman with a 20-year history of chronic migraine, characterized by 15-20 headache days per month and significant disability. Despite trials of several preventive and abortive medications, as well as non-pharmacological therapies such as cognitive-behavioral therapy and acupuncture, the patient’s migraines remained refractory to treatment.

The patient was initiated on treatment with botulinum toxin type A, administered according to the PREEMPT protocol. After two treatment cycles, the patient experienced a significant reduction in headache frequency and intensity, as well as improvements in quality of life and functional status. The report discusses the potential mechanisms of action of botulinum toxin in chronic migraine, as well as the implications for clinical practice.

I believe that this case report makes a valuable contribution to the literature on the management of refractory chronic migraine. As a debilitating and often treatment-resistant condition, chronic migraine poses significant challenges for patients and healthcare providers alike. This report highlights the potential of botulinum toxin as a safe and effective treatment option for carefully selected patients.

Thank you for considering my submission. I am hopeful that this case report will be of interest to neurologists, pain specialists, and other healthcare professionals involved in the care of patients with chronic migraine, and I look forward to the opportunity to share this important clinical experience with your readers.

Cover Letter Twelve

Subject: Submission of Commentary – “The Ethics of Gene Editing: Balancing Scientific Progress and Societal Values”

I am pleased to submit my commentary titled “The Ethics of Gene Editing: Balancing Scientific Progress and Societal Values” for consideration in your distinguished journal. This commentary provides a timely and thought-provoking perspective on the ethical implications of recent advances in gene editing technology, offering insights for scientists, policymakers, and the general public.

The commentary begins by discussing the scientific background and potential applications of gene editing, from treating genetic diseases to enhancing human traits. It then explores the ethical considerations raised by these applications, including questions of safety, equity, and the moral status of human embryos.

Drawing on principles of biomedical ethics and recent public debates, the commentary argues for a balanced approach to the regulation and oversight of gene editing research and applications. It emphasizes the importance of public engagement and dialogue, as well as the need for clear and enforceable guidelines to ensure responsible and socially beneficial use of the technology.

The commentary also highlights the global nature of the gene editing debate, discussing the need for international cooperation and governance to address the transnational implications of the technology. It concludes by calling for ongoing ethical reflection and analysis as the science of gene editing continues to evolve.

I believe that this commentary makes a valuable contribution to the ongoing public and scholarly discourse on the ethics of gene editing. As this transformative technology continues to advance, there is an urgent need for informed and nuanced perspectives that can guide its responsible development and use.

Thank you for considering my submission. I am confident that this commentary will be of interest to a wide range of stakeholders, from scientists and bioethicists to policymakers and the general public, and I look forward to the opportunity to contribute to this important conversation.

Cover Letter Thirteen

Subject: Submission of Systematic Review – “The Effectiveness of School-Based Interventions for Preventing Adolescent Substance Use: A Systematic Review”

I am writing to submit my systematic review titled “The Effectiveness of School-Based Interventions for Preventing Adolescent Substance Use: A Systematic Review” for consideration in your respected journal. This review provides a comprehensive and up-to-date synthesis of the evidence on school-based prevention programs for adolescent substance use, offering valuable insights for researchers, educators, and policymakers.

The review follows a rigorous protocol, including a pre-specified search strategy, inclusion and exclusion criteria, and data extraction and quality assessment procedures. It includes studies published in peer-reviewed journals over the past 20 years, encompassing a range of school-based interventions, from educational programs to skills training and peer leadership.

The findings of the review indicate that school-based interventions can be effective in reducing adolescent substance use, particularly when they are interactive, skills-based, and implemented over an extended period. However, the review also highlights the limitations of the current evidence base, including the lack of long-term follow-up data and the need for more rigorous evaluation designs.

I believe that this systematic review makes a significant contribution to the field of adolescent substance use prevention. As rates of substance use among adolescents continue to be a major public health concern, there is a critical need for evidence-based interventions that can be implemented in school settings, where young people spend a significant portion of their time.

Thank you for considering my submission. I am confident that this review will be of interest to a wide range of researchers, practitioners, and policymakers concerned with promoting the health and well-being of adolescents, and I look forward to the opportunity to contribute to the evidence base on this important topic.

Cover Letter Fourteen

Subject: Submission of Short Communication – “The Potential of Telemedicine for Improving Access to Mental Health Services in Rural Areas”

I am pleased to submit my short communication titled “The Potential of Telemedicine for Improving Access to Mental Health Services in Rural Areas” for consideration in your esteemed journal. This communication provides a concise and focused discussion of the role of telemedicine in addressing the significant disparities in access to mental health care in rural communities.

The communication begins by highlighting the high prevalence of mental health disorders in rural areas, as well as the numerous barriers to accessing care, including shortages of mental health professionals, long travel distances, and stigma. It then discusses the growing evidence base for the effectiveness of telemedicine in delivering mental health services, particularly for conditions such as depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder.

Drawing on examples from recent research and practice, the communication argues that telemedicine has the potential to significantly improve access to mental health care in rural areas, by enabling remote delivery of services, reducing travel burdens, and increasing the flexibility and convenience of care. However, it also acknowledges the challenges and limitations of telemedicine, such as the need for reliable internet connectivity and the importance of maintaining the therapeutic alliance in a virtual setting.

I believe that this short communication makes a valuable contribution to the ongoing discussion about the role of technology in addressing health disparities and improving access to care. As the COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated the adoption of telemedicine across many areas of healthcare, there is a timely opportunity to explore its potential for expanding mental health services in underserved communities.

Thank you for considering my submission. I am hopeful that this communication will be of interest to mental health professionals, rural health researchers, and policymakers concerned with improving access to care, and I look forward to the opportunity to share these insights with your readers.

Cover Letter Fifteen

Subject: Submission of Opinion Piece – “The Importance of Diversity and Inclusion in Higher Education: A Call to Action”

I am writing to submit my opinion piece titled “The Importance of Diversity and Inclusion in Higher Education: A Call to Action” for consideration in your distinguished journal. This piece provides a passionate and persuasive argument for the critical role of diversity and inclusion in promoting educational excellence and social justice in colleges and universities.

The piece begins by discussing the many benefits of diversity in higher education, from enhancing learning outcomes and fostering innovation to preparing students for success in a globalized world. It then highlights the persistent challenges and barriers to achieving true diversity and inclusion in many institutions, including issues of access, equity, and campus climate.

Drawing on a range of examples and personal experiences, the piece argues that diversity and inclusion must be prioritized as core values and strategic imperatives in higher education. It calls on institutional leaders, faculty, staff, and students to take concrete actions to create more inclusive and equitable learning environments, from diversifying curricula and faculty to addressing bias and discrimination.

The piece also emphasizes the importance of accountability and assessment in driving progress toward diversity and inclusion goals and provides specific recommendations for how institutions can measure and report on their efforts. It concludes with a powerful call to action, urging all members of the higher education community to embrace their responsibility to create a more just and inclusive future.

I believe that this opinion piece makes a timely and important contribution to the ongoing national conversation about diversity, equity, and inclusion in higher education. As colleges and universities grapple with the urgent challenges of racial injustice, political polarization, and social inequality, there is a critical need for bold and visionary leadership on these issues.

Thank you for considering my submission. I am confident that this piece will be of interest to a wide range of stakeholders in higher education, from administrators and faculty to students and community partners, and I look forward to the opportunity to contribute to this vital dialogue.

These 15 sample cover letters demonstrate the diverse range of topics, research designs, and perspectives that can be effectively communicated to journal editors.

By highlighting the significance, novelty, and relevance of their work, these cover letters make a compelling case for why the submitted articles deserve to be considered for publication.

Ultimately, a well-crafted cover letter can be a powerful tool for researchers seeking to share their insights and ideas with the wider scientific community.

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How to Write a Cover Letter for Journal Submission

If you’re looking for solid advice on how to write a strong journal submission cover letter that will convince journal editors to review your research paper, then look no further! We know that cover letters  can  impact an editor’s decision to consider your research paper further.

This guide aims to explain (1) why you should care about writing a powerful cover letter, (2) what you should include in it, and (3) how you should structure it. The last segment will include a free downloadable submission cover letter template with detailed how-to explanations and some useful phrases. Finally, be sure to get journal manuscript editing , cover letter editing , and other academic editing services by Wordvice’s professional editors to ensure that you convey an academic style and error-free text, along with including all of the most important content.

Why does a good cover letter matter?

While your research paper’s role is to prove the merits of your research, a strong introductory cover letter is your opportunity to highlight the significance of your research and “sell” its concept to journal editors.

While your research paper’s role is to prove the merits of your research, a strong introductory cover letter is your opportunity to highlight the significance of your research and “sell” its concept to journal editors.

Sadly, we must admit that part of the decision-making process of whether to accept a manuscript is based on a business model. Editors must select articles that will interest their readers. In other words, your paper, if published, must make money . When it’s not quite clear how your research paper might generate interest based on its title and content alone (for example, if your paper is too technical for most editors to appreciate), your cover letter is the one opportunity you will get to convince the editors that your work is worth further review.

In addition to economic factors, many editors use the cover letter to screen whether authors can follow basic instructions . For example, if a journal’s guide for authors states that you must include disclosures, potential reviewers, and statements regarding ethical practices, failure to include these items might lead to the automatic rejection of your article, even if your research is the most progressive project on the planet! By failing to follow directions, you raise a red flag that you may be careless, and if you’re not attentive to the details of a cover letter, editors might wonder about the quality and thoroughness of your research. This is not the impression you want to give editors!

What to Include in a Cover Letter for a Journal Submission

We can’t stress this enough: Follow your target journal’s instructions for authors ! No matter what other advice you read in the vast webosphere, make sure you prioritize the information requested by the editors of the journal you are submitting to. As we explained above, failure to include required statements will lead to an automatic “ desk rejection ”.

With that said, below is a list of the most common elements you must include in your cover letter and what information you should NOT include:

Essential information:

• Editor’s name (when known)
• Name of the journal to which you are submitting
• Your manuscript’s title
• Article type (review, research, case study, etc.)
• Submission date
• Brief background of your study and the research question you sought to answer
• Brief overview of methodology used
• Principle findings and significance to scientific community (how your research advances our understanding of a concept)
• Corresponding author contact information
• Statement that your paper has not been previously published and is not currently under consideration by another journal and that all authors have approved of and have agreed to submit the manuscript to this journal

Other commonly requested information:

• Short list of similar articles previously published by the target journal
• List of relevant works by you or your co-authors that have been previously published or are under consideration by other journals. You can include copies of those works.
• Mention of any prior discussions with editor(s) (for example, if you discussed the topic with an editor at a conference)
• Technical specialties required to evaluate your paper
• Potential reviewers and their contact information
• If needed, reviewers to exclude (this information is most likely also requested elsewhere in online submissions forms)

Other disclosures/statements required by the journal (e.g., compliance with ethical standards, conflicts of interest , agreement to terms of submission, copyright sign-over, etc.)

What you should NOT do:

• Don’t use too much jargon or include too many acronyms.
• Don’t over-embellish your findings or their significance. Avoid words such as “novel,” “first ever,” and “paradigm-changing.” These types of statements show bias and will make the editor question your ability to assess your work’s merits objectively.
• Don’t name-drop. Listing people who might endorse your paper and discussing authors’ reputations do not interest editors. They want to know if your content fits their criteria, so focus solely on addressing that point.
• Don’t write a novel. While you want to adequately explain your work and sell its concept to editors, keep your cover letter to a maximum of one page. The letter is only meant to be an introduction and brief overview.
• Avoid humor . As much as we want to grab the editors’ attention, there are too many ways in which humor can go wrong!

How to Structure a Cover Letter

You should use formal language in your cover letter. Since most submissions are delivered electronically, the template below is in a modified e-mail format. However, if you send your cover letter on letterhead (PDF or hard copy by mail), move your contact information to the upper-left corner of the page unless you use pre-printed letterhead, in which case your contact information should be centered at the top of the letter.

ANNOTATED TEMPLATE Journal Submissions Cover Letter

[Journal Editor’s First and Last Name][, Graduate Degree (if any)] TIP: It’s customary to include any graduate degrees in the addressee’s name. e.g.,  John Smith, MD or Carolyn Daniels, MPH [Title] e.g.,  Editor-in-Chief, Managing Editor, Co-Editors-in-Chief [Journal Name] [Journal Address] [Submission Date: Month Day, Year]

Dear Dr./Mr./Ms. [Editor’s last name]:

TIP: Where the editor’s name is not known, use the relevant title employed by the journal, such as “Dear Managing Editor:” or “Dear Editor-in-Chief:”. Using a person’s name is best, however.

TIP: Use “Ms.” and never “Mrs.” or “Miss” in formal business letters.

TIP:  Never   use “Dear Sirs:” or any similar expression. Many editors will find this insulting, especially given that many of them are female!

[Para.1: 2–3 sentences]  I am writing to submit our manuscript entitled, [“Title”] for consideration as a [Journal Name][Article Type]. [One to two sentence “pitch” that summarizes the study design, where applicable, your research question, your major findings, and the conclusion.]

e.g.,  I am writing to submit our manuscript entitled, “X Marks the Spot” for consideration as an  Awesome Science Journal  research article. We examined the efficacy of using X factors as indicators for depression in Y subjects in Z regions through a 12-month prospective cohort study and can confirm that monitoring the levels of X is critical to identifying the onset of depression, regardless of geographical influences.

TIP: Useful phrases to discuss your findings and conclusion include:

• Our findings confirm that…
• We have determined that…
• Our results suggest…
• We found that…
• We illustrate…
• Our findings reveal…
• Our study clarifies…
• Our research corroborates…
• Our results establish…
• Our work substantiates…

[Para. 2: 2–5 sentences]  Given that [context that prompted your research], we believe that the findings presented in our paper will appeal to the [Reader Profile] who subscribe to [Journal Name]. Our findings will allow your readers to [identify the aspects of the journal’s  Aim and Scope  that align with your paper].

TIP: Identify the journal’s typical audience and how those people can utilize your research to expand their understanding of a topic. For example, if many of your target journal’s readers are interested in the public policy implications of various research studies, you may wish to discuss how your conclusions can help your peers to develop stronger policies that more effectively address public concerns.

TIP: Include context about why this research question had to be addressed.

e.g.,  “Given the struggle policymakers have had to define proper criteria to diagnose the onset of depression in teenagers, we felt compelled to identify a cost-effective and universal methodology that local school administrators can use to screen students.”

TIP: If your paper was prompted by prior research, state this. For example, “After initially researching X, Y approached us to conduct a follow-up study that examined Z. While pursuing this project, we discovered [some new understanding that made you decide the information needed to be shared with your peers via publication.]”

e.g.,  Given the alarming increase in depression rates among teenagers and the lack of any uniform practical tests for screening students, we believe that the findings presented in our paper will appeal to education policymakers who subscribe to  The Journal of Education . Although prior research has identified a few methods that could be used in depression screening, such as X and Y, the applications developed from those findings have been cost-prohibitive and difficult to administer on a national level. Thus, our findings will allow your readers to understand the factors involved in identifying the onset of depression in teenagers better and develop more cost-effective screening procedures that can be employed nationally. In so doing, we hope that our research advances the toolset needed to combat the concerns preoccupying the minds of many school administrators.

[Para 3: Similar works]  “This manuscript expands on the prior research conducted and published by [Authors] in [Journal Name]” or “This paper [examines a different aspect of]/ [takes a different approach to] the issues explored in the following papers also published by [Journal Name].”

TIP: You should mention similar studies recently published by your target journal, if any, but list no more than five. If you only want to mention one article, replace the preceding sentence with “This paper [examines a different aspect of]/ [takes a different approach to] the issues explored by [Authors] in [Article Title], also published by [Journal Name] on [DATE].”

[Para. 4: Additional statements often required]  Each of the authors confirms that this manuscript has not been previously published and is not currently under consideration by any other journal. Additionally, all of the authors have approved the contents of this paper and have agreed to the [Journal Name]’s submission policies.

TIP: If you have previously publicly shared some form or part of your research elsewhere, state so. For example, you can say, “We have presented a subset of our findings [at Event]/ [as a Type of Publication Medium] in [Location] in [Year].”

e.g.,  We have since expanded the scope of our research to contemplate international feasibility and acquired additional data that has helped us to develop a new understanding of geographical influences.

[Para. 5: Potential Reviewers]  Should you select our manuscript for peer review, we would like to suggest the following potential reviewers/referees because they would have the requisite background to evaluate our findings and interpretation objectively.

• [Name, institution, email, expertise]

To the best of our knowledge, none of the above-suggested persons have any conflict of interest, financial or otherwise.

TIP: Include 3–5 reviewers since it is likely that the journal will use at least one of your suggestions.

TIP: Use whichever term (“reviewer” or “referee”) your target journal uses. Paying close attention to a journal’s terminology is a sign that you have properly researched the journal and have prepared!

[Para. 6: Frequently requested additional information]  Each named author has substantially contributed to conducting the underlying research and drafting this manuscript. Additionally, to the best of our knowledge, the named authors have no conflict of interest, financial or otherwise.

[Your Name]

Corresponding Author Institution Title Institution/Affiliation Name [Institution Address] [Your e-mail address] [Tel: (include relevant country/area code)] [Fax: (include relevant country/area code)]

Additional Contact [should the corresponding author not be available] Institution Title Institution/Affiliation Name [Institution Address] [Your e-mail address] [Tel: (include relevant country/area code)] [Fax: (include relevant country/area code)]

Quick Cover Letter Checklist Before Submission

• Set the font to Arial or Times New Roman, size 12 point.
• Single-space all text.
• Use one line space between body paragraphs.
• Do not indent paragraphs.
• Keep all text left justified.
• Use spelling and grammar check software. If needed, use a proofreading service or cover letter editing service  such as Wordvice to review your letter for clarity and concision.
• Double-check the editor’s name. Call the journal to confirm if necessary.

• SpringerLink shop

Cover letters

A good cover letter can help to “sell” your manuscript to the journal editor. As well as introducing your work to the editor you can also take this opportunity to explain why the manuscript will be of interest to a journal's readers, something which is always as the forefront editors’ mind. As such it is worth spending time writing a coherent and persuasive cover letter.

The following is an example of a poor cover letter:

Dear Editor-in-Chief, I am sending you our manuscript entitled “Large Scale Analysis of Cell Cycle Regulators in bladder cancer” by Researcher et al. We would like to have the manuscript considered for publication in Pathobiology. Please let me know of your decision at your earliest convenience. With my best regards, Sincerely yours, A Researcher, PhD

Instead, check to see whether the journal’s Instructions for Authors have any cover letter requirements (e.g. disclosures, statements, potential reviewers). Then, write a letter that explains why the editor would want to publish your manuscript. The following structure covers all the necessary points that need to be included.

• If known, address the editor who will be assessing your manuscript by their name. Include the date of submission and the journal you are submitting to.
• First paragraph: include the title of your manuscript and the type of manuscript it is (e.g. review, research, case study). Then briefly explain the background to your study, the question you sought out to answer and why.
• Second paragraph: you should concisely explain what was done, the main findings and why they are significant.
• Third paragraph: here you should indicate why the readers of the journal would be interested in the work. Take your cues from the journal’s aims and scope. For example if the journal requires that all work published has broad implications explain how your study fulfils this. It is also a good idea to include a sentence on the importance of the results to the field.
• To conclude state the corresponding author and any journal specific requirements that need to be complied with (e.g. ethical standards).

TIP: All cover letters should contain these sentences:

• We confirm that this manuscript has not been published elsewhere and is not under consideration by another journal.
• All authors have approved the manuscript and agree with its submission to [insert the name of the target journal].

Submission checklist

Before submitting your manuscript, thoroughly check its quality one more time. Evaluate it critically—could anything be done better?

Be sure that:

• The manuscript follows the Instructions for Authors
• All files are in the correct file format and of the appropriate resolution or size
• The spelling and grammar are correct
• You have contact information for all authors
• You have written a persuasive cover letter

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Scientific Publishing in Biomedicine: How to Write a Cover Letter?

Zahra bahadoran, parvin mirmiran, khosrow kashfi, asghar ghasemi.

• Author information
• Article notes
• Copyright and License information

Corresponding Author: Endocrine Physiology Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Email: [email protected]

Received 2021 Apr 13; Revised 2021 May 29; Accepted 2021 Jun 12; Collection date 2021 Jul.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ ) which permits copy and redistribute the material just in noncommercial usages, provided the original work is properly cited.

A cover (covering) letter is a brief business letter introducing the scientific work alongside the submission process of a manuscript and is required by most scientific peer-review journals. A typical cover letter includes the name of the editor and the journal, date of submission, the characteristics of the manuscript, the importance of the work and its relevance to prospective audiences, declarations such as author agreements, conflicts of interest statement, funding source (s), and ethical statements. The letter also includes the contact information of the corresponding author (s) and may also include suggestions of potential reviewers. Spending enough time to draft an informative, comprehensive, and concise cover letter is quite worthwhile; a poorly drafted one would not persuade the editor that the submitted work is fit for publication and may lead to immediate rejection. Here, we provide a practical guide to draft a well-written, concise, and professional cover letter for a scientific medical paper.

Keywords: Cover Letter, Medical Scientific Journals, Scientific Writing, Scientific Publishing

The Cambridge dictionary defines a cover letter as “a letter that contains information about the thing it is sent with”. The cover letter is commonly known as a motivation letter submitted along with the curriculum vitae (CV) or a job application for employment ( 1 ) or academic position ( 2 ), and it is not clear why and how it was introduced into the scientific field ( 3 ). In scientific writing and publishing, a cover/covering letter is a letter to the editor’s target journal ( 4 ).

Providing a cover letter alongside the submission process is now required by most scientific journals. In fact, some high-quality and prestigious journals pay specific attention to the cover letter ( 3 ). Amongst the different steps of the publication process, the cover letter is the last step and is often overlooked ( 5 ). One of the most common complaints voiced by editors regarding submitted manuscripts is that the authors neglect to write a well-written cover letter, including a statement justifying the importance of their work ( 6 ). Missing this opportunity may have unintentional consequences, rejection without further consideration instead of being sent for external peer-review ( 5 , 6 ). Contrary to this view, some believe that the cover letter’s content overlaps with the manuscript’s abstract and gives mostly redundant information already found within the online submission system ( 3 ). The cover letter may also be a “misleading commercial advertisement” where it would not represent the content of the manuscript ( 3 ).

Although many editors may not read or seriously consider the cover letters of the submitted manuscripts ( 3 , 4 ), neglecting the importance of the cover letter may be a risk for the authors. Therefore, spending an adequate amount of time to write a coherent and persuasive cover letter is worth it. Following our previous publication on choosing a journal in a new series entitled Scientific Publishing in Biomedicine ( 7 ), here, we provided a practical guide to draft a well-written, professional, and concise cover letter needed to be accompanied by an original scientific paper, either with the initial submission or subsequently at revision/resubmitting stage. Since there are subtle differences in writing a cover letter for an original research paper versus a review article or an opinion, some points for drafting a cover letter for such papers are also discussed.

2. The Function of the Cover Letter

A cover letter is “a brief business letter”, which introduces the submitted manuscript to a prospective editor (s) ( 8 ). There are essentially two types of letters; the first is the one that is initially submitted with the manuscript (cover letter), and the second is when a revision is being submitted (revised letter). The first letter introduces the work at the initial manuscript submission ( 9 ), while the second one is needed following an invitation to revise and resubmit the manuscript. Here, the authors respond to the suggestions/criticisms of the reviewers ( 10 ). In this paper, “cover letter” and “second letter” refer to the first/submit letter and the revised letter, respectively.

A well-written cover letter is an effective tool for authors to sell their work to the journal editor and make a “good first impression”. A cover letter is a summary that highlights the main points, emphasizes the novelty, and communicates the potential implications of the submitted work ( 3 ). A cover letter allows the authors to persuade the editors regarding the novelty/originality and significance of the research in a less formal manner than in the manuscript itself ( 6 ). A well-written and informative cover letter helps the journal’s editor to be informed about the work and its significance. Regardless of the novelty and significance of the submitted manuscript, editors may miss those points without providing insights in a cover letter ( 5 ).

3. The Content of a Cover Letter

3.1. first cover letter (submit letter).

One point of view is that the cover letter’s content should be covered in the manuscript’s abstract ( 3 ). A typical cover letter includes the name of editor (s) and the journal, date of submission, the characteristics of the manuscript (i.e., title, type of the manuscript, e.g., review, original, case report), the importance of the work and its relevance to the readership of the journal, verification of the originality of the work, the authors’ confirmation that the manuscript is currently submitted only to this journal, declarations and ethical statements, suggested potential reviewers, and contact information of the corresponding author of the submitted work ( 5 , 6 ). Other manuscript characteristics, including the length and number of tables and figures, can also be indicated. If the manuscript belongs to a special issue or is being submitted upon an official invitation from the journal’s editorial office, it should also be addressed. The main contents of the first cover letter are described in Table 1 .

Table 1. Components of a First Cover Letter (Submit Letter).

The most critical element of a cover letter is a “statement of novelty/significance/implication.” The authors are advised to carefully write a brief and concise description of their work’s impact toward communicating its significance ( 6 ). The authors are strongly advised not to copy the abstract into the cover letter and instead explain in their own words the significance of the work and the reason for submitting it to the journal ( 11 ). If this information is lacking, the editors may rely on the reviewers who may not appreciate the significance of the work and just focus on the technical issues rather than the scientific value of the work ( 5 ). Providing a clear and robust statement of novelty and significance would be more critical for editors and potential reviewers with diverse and interdisciplinary backgrounds ( 6 ).

The statements are expected to answer the following questions: (1) why is the work important? (e.g., emphasizing a new measurement, a new diagnostic method or criterion, a newly discovered biological process); and (2) how does the work advance current knowledge in the field? The best approach to answer this question is by describing the current state of knowledge in the field and clarifying how the work provides an added value by answering a previously unanswered question, finding the solution to a problem, or improving existing methods ( 5 ). Checking the recently published papers on similar topics in the journal provides new insights for the authors to clarify in the cover letter as to how the manuscript follows the publication trends of the journal and will add something new that would be relevant to the trend ( 12 ).

The cover letter is also expected to emphasize why the manuscript will attract the journal’s readers ( 5 ). The authors also need to consider the journal’s Aims and Scope to underscore how the manuscript would fit within the journal’s scope and attract potential readers ( 13 ). Instead of stating simply that the manuscript is “of interest to the field” or “novel,” the authors should address specific aspects of the journal’s Aims and Scope statement, e.g., “We believe that this manuscript is appropriate for publication by [journal name] since it… [reference to the journal’s aims and scope] ( 11 ).

For a review, opinion, or a trends paper, emphasizing the timeline and novelty is needed, as stated by Sacristán, the editor of trends in molecular medicine: “The synthesis and conceptual advance should be particularly stated in terms of what is new and has been trending in the field for the last one to five years”. She also recommends that the authors need to provide a future perspective beyond the main take-home message of the manuscript for a trends paper and take a strong and novel stance on a hypothesis or idea for a cover letter of an opinion manuscript ( 14 ).

The cover letter must contain some predefined statements, including the “author agreement” statement ( 13 ). An “author agreement” is a statement to confirm that “all authors have read and approved the final version of the manuscript being submitted” ( 8 ). Furthermore, “the authors warrant that the manuscript is their original work, has not received prior publication and is not under consideration for publication elsewhere” ( 8 ). Some journals may request the corresponding author to confirm that he/she will take responsibility for informing co-authors of editorial decisions, reviews received, and any changes or revisions made; additionally, the editor (s) should be informed about any closely related manuscript (s) simultaneously submitted for consideration to the same or another journal ( 15 ). The authors also should declare if any part of the submitted work has been previously published elsewhere, even as an abstract ( 16 ); e.g., “there is some overlap in the content of the introduction section, which we have noted in the text”.

Depending on the journal’s policy, other statements, including “conflict of interest statement”, “funding source declarations”, and “permission note”, may also be required to be included in the cover letter ( 8 , 11 ). As indicated by Elsevier, a conflict of interest statement, known as a disclosure statement, is a declaration from the author that “there is no financial/personal interest or belief that could affect their objectivity”. The publisher emphasizes that the authors should declare and state the potential conflict’s source and nature in cases where a conflict of interest exists. A funding source declaration is defined by the publisher as “a declaration of any funding or research grants (and their sources) received in the course of study, research or assembly of the manuscript”. Elsevier also defines the permission note as a statement that declares that “permission has been received to use any material in the manuscript such as a figure, which is not original content” ( 8 , 17 ). Other statements like “Statement of English native editing” may also be added.

Furthermore, informing the editor (s) regarding any information that will support the submission (e.g., original or confirmatory data, supplementary materials, relevance, topicality) can be helpful ( 8 ). Other operational information, typically provided within checkboxes of the journal’s submission system, is not required to be included in the cover letter ( 5 ).

3.2. Second Cover Letter

The second cover letter, which accompanies the revised version of the manuscript, must be a model of clarity and must address every issue posed by the editor and reviewers ( 10 ). If the revised manuscript is sent for the second round of peer-review, the reviewer (s) will see the letter. The content of the header and footer sections of the revised letter is similar to that of the submitted cover letter. The letter should be directed to the editor as addressed in the first letter unless the authors are informed that a new editor will process the revised version ( 10 ). The first paragraph should start with an “expression of polite gratitude”, e.g., “we would like to thank you for the opportunity to revise and resubmit our manuscript.” The “manuscript ID” or “identification number,” usually assigned by the journal in the first submission, should be addressed in the first paragraph ( 10 ).

The second paragraph usually “signals attention to the reviewers’ comments” by providing an explicit reference to the comments made by the reviewers and the editor. Furthermore, it may contain a positive statement regarding the results, methodology, conclusions, etc., in which case the authors need to acknowledge reviews’ insights ( 10 , 18 ). For example, “We sincerely appreciate all the valuable comments and suggestions made, which helped us improve the revised version of our manuscript” or “we found the reviewers’ comments helpful in guiding us to revise the manuscript.” Such statements will help the authors in creating a polite, formal tone throughout the letter. The paragraph should be followed by providing the editor with a roadmap or a summary of the revisions, addressing “the response to comments attachment.” A point-by-point response to the specific comments of the reviewers must be provided. If the authors disagree with a point raised by a reviewer, a rebuttal or counterstatement may be in order. A scientific and polite approach should spell out why the authors disagree, never losing sight of the reviewer’s opinion ( 19 ).

The footer section (closing salutation) of the letter returns to polite formalities, using statements like “we hope that the revised version of our manuscript is now acceptable to the reviewers, and suitable for publication in the [name of journal], we look forward to hearing from you at your earliest convenience” ( 10 ).

4. Organization

Although it is not a rule, the cover letter’s content can be organized within a cover letter header (opening salutation), three main paragraphs (the body of cover letter), and a cover letter footer (closing salutation), as described in Table 1 .

The cover letter should be initiated by addressing the editor (s) and the target journal; however, the author’s affiliation and contact information may also be included at the top of page ( 4 ). The name of the editor (s) can be easily found on the journal’s information page. If it is known, the authors must address the editor who will receive the manuscript and handle the peer-review process ( 13 ). If there are several co-editors, the person the author feels has the most appropriate background, and specialty of the topic should be addressed. In cases where such information is lacking, authors can mention all editors by name or address the letter to “dear editors” ( 12 ); however, it has been recommended to avoid writing “dear editor” ( 16 ). Also, the submission date and the journal’s name where the manuscript will be submitted are required ( 13 ).

In the first paragraph of the cover letter body, to introduce the submitted work, the title and the type of manuscript, authors’ name, journal name, and manuscript length are presented ( 4 ). In addition, it is mentioned that whether the manuscript is submitted upon an invitation or belongs to a special issue. The importance of the study, including novelty, potential implications, and its take-home message, are addressed in the second paragraph of the cover letter body. In addition, it is explained why the work would be attractive for journal readers. The third paragraph of the cover letter body includes some statements including authorship agreement, conflicts of interest, funding source, and ethical considerations. If required, potential reviewers are also suggested here.

Within the closing salutation, the authors can appreciate the editor for taking the time to read the cover letter and considering the submitted work for potential publication.

5. Some Practical Tips: The Length, and Dos and Don’ts

The authors need to spend plenty of time crafting their cover letters. They are advised to avoid too many details and keep it within one page (less than 200 words), like an introduction or a brief overview ( 4 , 11 ). The authors should check the guide for authors and cover letter suggestions provided by the journal, including all the requirements, e.g., specific disclosures, statements, and potential reviewers. Some publishers (e.g., Springer, https://www.springer.com/gp/authors-editors/journal-author/cover-letters/1398, Taylor & Francis, https://authorservices.taylorandfrancis.com/publishing-your-research/making-your submission/writing-a-journal-article-cover-letter/) provide sample cover letters that the authors can use. Figure 1 provides a sample for a cover letter.

Figure 1. A sample for a cover letter.

If the authors address previously published papers in the cover letter, then appropriate citation should be considered. The authors should carefully check the letter for any spelling and grammatical errors ( 11 , 20 ). They should make sure that they correctly spell the name of the journal’s editor (s) ( 4 ). Being careless regarding the editor’s name or the change of a journal’s name in a cover letter of a resubmitted manuscript, can be embarrassing and make a bad impression ( 4 ). It is suggested that the cover letter be written on the authors’ institutional letterhead to display professionalism and reliability ( 20 , 21 ).

5.2. Don’ts

When authors suggest a number of potential reviewers, they should avoid suggesting their friends and colleagues, as this would be viewed as a conflict of interest. Collaborators whom the authors have published with in the past five years should not be suggested either; an editor may easily be informed of such associations by a quick search of PubMed or other databases ( 22 ). The authors should avoid using complex sentence structures, jargon, and acronyms and keep the text straightforward and easy to read ( 11 , 20 ). The authors should also avoid including unrelated personal information or glorifying their past research papers or any of their academic accolades ( 20 ). They must not be rude towards the editors or complement the editor’s accomplishments ( 4 ). The novelty statement should not exaggerate or overstate the findings of the work; furthermore, any conclusion stated should be completely supported by the data provided in the manuscript ( 23 ). Finally, authors are recommended not to write a generic cover letter that could be used for any manuscript and could be sent to any journal ( 21 ).

6. Conclusion

In summary, a cover letter should highlight the novelty, importance, take-home message, and goodness-of-fit of the manuscript to the journal. These are critical information that can persuade an editor that the submitted work merits publication consideration in the journal. The cover letter should not be general but should be custom-written for the target journal. Although the submitted manuscript may usually pass through the peer-review process and get published regardless of the cover letter, a well-written, informative, and concise cover letter increases the chance of gaining acceptance.

Authors' Contribution: Study concept and design, Zahra Bahadoran and Asghar Ghasemi; Drafting of the manuscript, Zahra Bahadoran, Parvin Mirmiran, and Asghar Ghasemi; Critical revision of the manuscript for important intellectual content, Khosrow Kashfi and Parvin Mirmiran.

Conflict of Interests: The authors have no conflict of interest.

Funding/Support: This study was supported by the Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences (grant number 28127).

Contributor Information

Zahra Bahadoran, Email: [email protected].

Parvin Mirmiran, Email: [email protected].

Khosrow Kashfi, Email: [email protected].

Asghar Ghasemi, Email: [email protected].

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18 The Cover Letter

• Published: July 2019
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Many view the cover letter as a nuisance that must be dealt with when a manuscript is submitted. Some journals make no mention of specific requirements for the letter; others not only require it, but also have specific guidelines. The cover letter is the opportunity to speak directly to the editor with the goal of convincing her to send your paper out for review. This chapter discusses the importance of the cover letter and its essential elements.

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