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Unlock Your Full Writing Potential

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AI For Dissertation: Best AI Tools For Masters & PhD Thesis Writing

Writing a dissertation can be a daunting task for master’s and PhD students, but AI tools are transforming this challenging process.

From generating detailed mind maps to providing accurate citations and real-time research insights, AI-powered writing assistants streamline every aspect of thesis writing.

In this article, we explore the best AI tools available, highlighting how they can:

• enhance your academic writing,
• simplify complex tasks, and
• help produce high-quality, well-structured content.

Best AI Tools For Masters & PhD Thesis Writing

Heuristi.ca – Mind Map Maker

Heuristi.ca is an AI-powered writing tool designed to streamline your dissertation writing process.

This AI tool helps you write your thesis or research paper by creating detailed mind maps tailored to academic writing.

You input a topic, like “organic photovoltaics,” and the AI generates related concepts and real-time insights. This assists in organising your literature review and structuring your academic writing.

The AI assistant ensures coherence by connecting related ideas, making writing more manageable and efficient. It helps avoid plagiarism by providing original content and AI-driven citation suggestions. 

By automating and streamlining aspects of the writing process, Heuristi.ca helps you meet deadlines and maintain academic standards.

Open Read – Generate Summaries 

Open Read is an AI-powered writing tool designed to enhance your thesis writing process. With Open Read, you can upload research papers and receive AI-generated summaries, making literature reviews more manageable.

The tool offers real-time features like paper Q&A and AI summaries, which streamline your academic writing tasks.

For example, you can upload a PDF and get a concise summary, along with detailed insights into the paper’s background and significance.

This AI tool helps you write your dissertation by breaking down complex information into bite-sized chunks, saving you time and effort.

Open Read also helps ensure academic integrity by providing accurate citations and checking for plagiarism. 

Explain Paper

Explain Paper is an AI tool that simplifies the academic writing process.E xplain Paper supports dissertation writing by making research more digestible and manageable. 

To use Explain Paper, simply:

• upload a research paper,
• select the text you want to understand, and
• choose an explanation level. 

The AI provides clear explanations tailored to different educational levels, making complex research accessible. 

You can select a dense paragraph and have it explained as if to a middle schooler or a college student. This helps in breaking down intricate concepts, streamlining your literature review.

The tool also ensures your writing adheres to academic standards by providing coherent summaries and related resources.

Paper Brain

Paper Brain is an AI tool designed to streamline your academic writing process. You upload a research paper, and the AI analyzes and generates concise summaries, making it easier to grasp complex topics.

This AI-powered assistant helps you write your dissertation by providing clear and concise explanations, ensuring coherence and adherence to academic standards.

You can upload a paper on graphene thickness measurement, and Paper Brain will summarise its key points and answer specific questions about the research.

This tool is invaluable for literature reviews, as it simplifies the extraction of relevant information. Graduate students writing a thesis can benefit from Paper Brain’s AI technology, which makes writing tasks more manageable and efficient. 

Einblick is an AI-powered writing tool that simplifies data visualisation for your dissertation or thesis.

Einblick can analyze and present data coherently, helping you write your dissertation with accurate, well-organized charts and graphs.

This tool is simple to use – you upload your dataset, describe the chart you need, and Einblick generates it.

This tool helps you visualise complex data quickly and efficiently, which is crucial for academic writing and literature reviews.

Let’s say if you need a scatterplot of N2O versus CH4 emissions. Einblick creates it in seconds. This AI assistant streamlines the thesis writing process by providing clear, tailored visual aids, ensuring your research paper meets academic standards.

Tavily is an AI-powered research assistant designed to streamline your dissertation writing process. You simply input your research topic, and Tavily creates an AI agent that scours the internet for relevant information.

This AI tool ensures that the data you receive is accurate and up-to-date, helping you write your dissertation or thesis with confidence.

If you’re researching organic photovoltaic devices, Tavily will provide:

• detailed summaries,
• key findings, and
• relevant sources.

This AI writing assistant makes the literature review process more manageable by automating and streamlining the search for academic papers.

It also offers tailored content that adheres to academic standards, ensuring coherence and quality in your writing.

Graduate students find Tavily invaluable for meeting deadlines and enhancing academic writing skills. The tool’s ability to analyse and synthesise vast amounts of data in real-time allows you to focus on the writing process. 

Using AI technology, Tavily helps you achieve academic success by providing a solid foundation for your thesis or dissertation.

Power Drill

Power Drill is an AI-powered writing tool designed to assist you in the dissertation writing process. To use Power Drill, you start by uploading your data sets, which can be:

• web pages, or
• files. 

The AI then analyses these data sources, providing insightful summaries and answers to specific questions.

This helps streamline the research and writing process, making it easier to organize your thoughts and structure your thesis.

You can upload a research paper, and Power Drill will highlight key points and generate concise summaries. This AI tool helps you write your dissertation by breaking down complex information into manageable parts, saving you time and effort.

Graduate students find Power Drill particularly helpful for meeting deadlines and adhering to academic standards.

The tool ensures coherence in your writing by offering accurate citations and reducing the risk of plagiarism.

Power Drill can also scan vast databases and provide real-time insights, helping you achieve academic success and write a compelling thesis or dissertation.

SciSpace is an AI-powered writing tool designed to simplify the academic writing process for dissertations and theses.

You upload your research papers, and SciSpace provides detailed summaries and key insights, making literature reviews more manageable. This AI tool uses natural language processing to extract essential information, helping you organise and streamline your writing tasks.

When you upload a PDF, SciSpace offers a concise “too long; didn’t read” summary, highlighting conclusions and significant points.

This is especially useful for graduate students who need to write their dissertation or thesis efficiently.

SciSpace also includes an AI writing assistant, which helps ensure coherence and adherence to academic standards by generating accurate citations and checking for plagiarism.

Using AI technology, SciSpace can analyze vast databases and provide real-time insights, making your writing process more manageable.

This tool helps you meet deadlines and achieve academic success by automating and streamlining various aspects of academic writing, ultimately supporting you in creating well-structured and high-quality written content.

Next Net – For Drug & Health Research

Next Net is an AI-powered tool tailored for those in the drug and health research fields. This AI assistant helps you write your dissertation or thesis by providing comprehensive, real-time searches of the latest literature and research data.

You input your query, and Next Net uses advanced AI technology to scan vast databases for relevant information.

For example, if you’re researching new drugs, Next Net offers detailed insights into recent developments, gene expressions, and clinical trials.

This AI tool streamlines the literature review process by organizing complex data into manageable, easy-to-understand summaries.

Graduate students find Next Net invaluable for its ability to generate accurate citations and ensure academic integrity.

Next Net’s AI-driven approach makes writing a thesis more efficient, allowing you to focus on creating well-structured, high-quality content. This AI tool is essential for achieving academic success in the health research domain.

Chat GPT, Perplexity, Bing

ChatGPT , Perplexity, and Bing are AI-powered writing tools that significantly enhance the academic writing process. Each tool leverages artificial intelligence to assist with various aspects of dissertation and thesis writing.

ChatGPT uses advanced natural language processing to generate coherent, detailed responses to research queries. You can ask it to help:

• outline your thesis,
• draft sections of your dissertation, or
• provide insights on complex topics.

It’s particularly useful for brainstorming and refining ideas, making writing tasks more manageable. You can also create templates to help you generate texts faster.

Perplexity , another AI tool, excels at providing real-time, accurate references for your research paper. By asking Perplexity detailed questions, you get precise, sourced answers that streamline your literature review. 

Bing, integrated with AI, offers a balanced approach to research. You can specify the type of response you need—creative, balanced, or precise—making it a versatile assistant for academic writing.

Bing’s AI can scan vast databases to find relevant information, helping you write your dissertation or thesis with comprehensive, up-to-date data.

By automating and streamlining the writing process, ChatGPT, Perplexity, and Bing help you achieve academic success with well-researched and well-written content.

AI Tools For Thesis and Dissertation Writing

From Heuristi.ca’s mind mapping to ChatGPT’s brainstorming capabilities, these AI-powered assistants streamline literature reviews, ensure academic standards, and provide accurate citations.

Tools like Open Read and Explain Paper simplify complex concepts, while Einblick and Next Net offer data visualization and real-time research insights.

By leveraging these AI tools, graduate students can enhance their academic writing skills, meet deadlines, and achieve academic success efficiently.

Dr Andrew Stapleton has a Masters and PhD in Chemistry from the UK and Australia. He has many years of research experience and has worked as a Postdoctoral Fellow and Associate at a number of Universities. Although having secured funding for his own research, he left academia to help others with his YouTube channel all about the inner workings of academia and how to make it work for you.

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Best AI Tools for Research Paper Writing in 2024

Table of Contents

Before discussing the unique benefits and characteristics of using AI tools in research, let’s look at some of the AI writing tools that can help you with writing a research paper. There’s a plethora of AI research tools available today tailored to different research purposes and with different capabilities. Let’s look at the 5 best AI tools for research that you can incorporate into your research and writing process.

Top 5 AI Tools for Research Paper Writing

• SciSpace Literature Review
• ChatGPT | Custom GPTs for Research Writing

Let's explore these tools in detail!

1 . SciSpace Literature Review

SciSpace’s Literature Review tool is designed for researchers to conduct systematic literature reviews efficiently. This AI research tool helps you compare and contrast scientific papers, and extract key information, themes, patterns, and concepts of numerous research papers in minutes, all in one single workspace.

By simply entering your questions or keywords or niche-specific topics, you can find relevant research articles from SciSpace’s repository of 282M+ scientific papers. With the matrix feature, you can filter and derive useful insights from relevant research papers and save time. You can extract the summaries of all the prominent sections of the research paper including introduction, abstract, methodologies, conclusions, discussions, etc. And ask follow-up questions simultaneously to Copilot, the AI research assistant, to identify gaps in the literature, and even extract empirical data from papers. This lets you dive deeper into each paper and get more clarity on concepts or ideas within them. With an AI research tool like SciSpace Literature Review, researchers can save hours of valuable time and boost the overall quality and productivity of their research while improving academic writing.

Here’s a sample:

2. ChatGPT | Custom GPTs for Research Writing

ChatGPT serves as a valuable ally for brainstorming research paper outlines and structures . Researchers can leverage ChatGPT to generate ideas, refine research questions , and outline the paper's framework. Custom GPTs that are tailored to research paper writing can also be very helpful.

Especially, custom GPTs for research writing like SciSpace’s GPT (formerly ResearchGPT) that are trained on scientific papers can help you locate relevant literature with ease and also brainstorm ideas for your research paper.

An example of a simple outline:

3. WordVice

WordVice enhances language precision, ensuring the clarity and coherence of research papers. It offers advanced proofreading, language enhancement, and coherence improvement.

By automatically detecting and correcting errors in academic papers with WordVice, researchers can let their words flow without the typical interruptions to make amends. It can also give coherent explanations of each error and suggest stylistic changes in your writing.

This AI writing tool is incredibly helpful in writing your research paper, especially if you’re not a native speaker of the language or if you don’t have enough grasp of grammar and the conventional usages in academic writing.

Take a look at this example:

4. Wordtune

A personal AI writing assistant that excels in paraphrasing, aiding researchers in presenting ideas with clarity and originality. It helps to rephrase and refine sentences, avoiding plagiarism and enhancing the overall quality of writing.

Do you want to sound more authentic in your writing and also find the appropriate words for different contexts? Wordtune can help you fine-tune any text and also improve the quality of writing by suggesting a plethora of options with the Spices feature. Spices feature is essentially meant to improve your writing by generating text and giving you different options to choose from.

This AI writing tool also includes the option to ‘Incorporate data from verified sources’ to make your paper more empirically adequate and relevant. This way, Wordtune will help you deal with writer’s block and also give you relevant information, and suggest stylistic adjustments to boost the quality of your research paper.

Here's an example:

An AI-powered transcription tool, is a valuable asset for researchers, particularly those involved in the social sciences. It streamlines tasks such as transcribing interviews, capturing research ideas, and converting spoken words into text through mobile dictation.

Despite the inherent challenges of AI-generated transcriptions, Otter excels in providing quick and automated solutions, saving significant time for researchers. The tool's support for real-time transcriptions enhances its utility as an efficient starting point for various research endeavors.

Here’s what it might look like to get started:

Benefits and Challenges of Using AI Tools

While these tools offer immense benefits, challenges exist. AI research tools can streamline tasks but must be used responsibly. The responsible integration of AI into research processes ensures a harmonious blend of technological guidance without compromising the researcher's intellectual rigor and creative input.

Let’s look at some of the main benefits and challenges of using ai for research paper writing.

• Time Efficiency: AI tools accelerate tedious tasks, allowing researchers to focus on critical thinking and analysis. It also enables researchers to manage their time better, by focusing more on areas that require manual, intellectual effort.
• Language Precision: Tools like WordVice and Wordtune refine language, elevating the quality of communication in research papers.
• Heuristic support: AI tools can help you get acquainted with new theories, concepts, and arguments while offering personalized support to your learning process. Being better informed will positively reflect in your writing as well.
• Improving overall quality: The tools we’ve seen so far are capable of improving your overall work quality. By helping you with idea organization, extracting information, creating rough drafts, and fine-tuning your writing skills, AI tools can improve your work’s overall quality.

Challenges:

• Overreliance: Researchers must avoid overreliance on AI, preserving their unique insights and analytical skills. This balance ought to be cultivated in budding researchers, allowing them to explore diverse sources of information while remaining anchored in good research practices.
• Potentials for Bias: While we think that AI tools have overcome biases, the truth is quite far from it. Especially in research, AI tools can generate responses that conform to the  restricted data available at the source, betraying its lack of reflexivity and bias-recognition ability.
• Ethical Considerations: Responsible use involves addressing ethical concerns, such as data privacy and algorithmic biases. With the use of AI tools, the necessity for ethical considerations and regulations has become even more important in research.
• Inherent limitations: There are inherent limitations to AI, which of course is a result of its design itself. For example, despite several attempts to overcome AI hallucinations, we still encounter the problems of AI tools generating fake or untrue information, precisely because the model runs on iterative text-predictions in a given context.

Despite the many challenges associated with it, AI tools can indeed propel radical changes in scientific research. Embracing the best AI tools for research paper writing pushes academia into a new era of efficiency and precision.

The synergy between human intellect and AI tools can cultivate a research landscape where technological advancements complement, rather than overshadow, our intellectual endeavors.

As you embark on your next research journey, consider integrating these tools and navigating the intricate path toward academic success with confidence.

1. How do I use AI for academic writing?

2.can ai tools help me brainstorm and outline my research paper.

Yes, AI tools like SciSpace can assist in generating ideas and outlining a research paper. AI tools can also help refine your writing, including the style and overall structure of your ideas.

3.Which is the top AI tool for writing research papers in 2024?

SciSpace is the best AI tool for writing research papers in 2024. It has a plethora of AI tools geared towards locating relevant papers, conducting literature reviews, and finessing your research writing.

4.What are the pros and cons of using AI tools for academic writing?

Pros include time efficiency, language precision, heuristic support, and improved productivity. Cons include overreliance on AI tools, potential for bias, ethical challenges, and limitations of the models themselves.

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Adapting a Dissertation or Thesis Into a Journal Article

Dissertations or theses are typically required of graduate students. Undergraduate students completing advanced research projects may also write senior theses or similar types of papers. Once completed, the dissertation or thesis is often submitted (with modifications) as a manuscript for publication in a scholarly journal. Thus, the dissertation or thesis often provides the foundation for a new researcher’s body of published work.

Writers will first want to determine whether the work in their dissertation or thesis merits publication. If it does, we then provide guidance on how to adapt a dissertation or thesis for submission to a journal.

Adapting a dissertation or thesis into a journal article is covered in the seventh edition APA Style Publication Manual in Section 12.1

Deciding to submit a dissertation or thesis for publication

When deciding whether to publish the work in your dissertation or thesis, first consider whether the findings tell a compelling story or answer important questions. Whereas dissertations and theses may present existing knowledge in conjunction with new work, published research should make a novel contribution to the literature. For example, some of your original research questions might be suitable for publication, and others may have been sufficiently addressed in the literature already. Likewise, some of your results may warrant additional experiments or analyses that could help answer the research questions more fully, and you may want to conduct these analyses before seeking publication.

You may also want to consider such factors as whether the current sample size provides sufficient power to adequately inform the analyses and whether additional analyses might clarify ambiguous findings. Consultation with colleagues can help evaluate the potential of the manuscript for publication as well as the selection of an appropriate journal to which to submit it. For information on selecting and prioritizing a journal (and tips for avoiding predatory or deceptive journals), see Sections 12.2 to 12.4 of the Publication Manual .

Adapting a dissertation or thesis for publication

Once a decision is made to convert your dissertation or thesis into a manuscript for submission to a journal, you will want to focus attention on adapting it for publication. By attending to brevity and focus, writing style, relevant literature review and data analyses, and appropriate interpretation of the results or findings, you can enhance the fit of your manuscript for journal publication. Editors and reviewers readily recognize an article that has been hastily converted; careful attention when reformatting the dissertation or thesis is likely to increase the manuscript’s potential for serious consideration and eventual publication.

There are several steps writers seeking to prepare their dissertation or thesis for publication can take beforehand:

• Look at articles in the field and in relevant journals to see what structure and focus are appropriate for their work and how they are formatted.
• Request and consider the input of advisors, colleagues, or other coauthors who contributed to the research on which the dissertation or thesis is based.
• Review an article submitted to a journal alongside their advisor (with permission from the journal editor) or serve as a reviewer for a student competition to gain firsthand insight into how authors are evaluated when undergoing peer review.

The original research reported in a dissertation and thesis can then be reformatted for journal submission following one of two general strategies: the multiple-paper strategy or the conversion strategy.

Multiple-paper strategy

The quickest strategy for converting (or “flipping”) a dissertation or thesis into one or more publishable articles is to use a multiple-paper format when initially writing the dissertation or thesis. This involves structuring the dissertation or thesis used to fulfill the requirements for a degree as a series of shorter papers that are already formatted for journal submission (or close to it). These papers are usually each the length of a journal article, conceptually similar, and come from the same overarching project—but can stand alone as independent research reports. Consult your university’s editorial office to confirm that this is an approved format for your dissertation or thesis and to obtain the specific guidelines.

Conversion strategy

A second strategy is to reformat and convert a dissertation or thesis into a journal article after completing your dissertation or thesis defense to fit the scope and style of a journal article. This often requires adjustments to the following elements:

• Length: Brevity is an important consideration for a manuscript to be considered for journal publication, particularly in the introduction and Discussion sections. Making a dissertation or thesis publication-ready often involves reducing a document of over 100 pages to one third of its original length. Shorten the overall paper by eliminating text within sections and/or eliminating entire sections. If the work examined several research questions, you may consider separating distinct research questions into individual papers; narrow the focus to a specific topic for each paper.
• Abstract: The abstract may need to be condensed to meet the length requirements of the journal. Journal abstract requirements are usually more limited than college or university requirements. For instance, most APA journals limit the abstract length to 250 words.
• Introduction section: One of the major challenges in reformatting a dissertation or thesis is paring down its comprehensive literature review to a more succinct one suitable for the introduction of a journal article. Limit the introductory text to material relating to the immediate context of your research questions and hypotheses. Eliminate extraneous content or sections that do not directly contribute to readers’ knowledge or understanding of the specific research question(s) or topic(s) under investigation. End with a clear description of the questions, aims, or hypotheses that informed your research.
• Method section: Provide enough information to allow readers to understand how the data were collected and evaluated. Refer readers to previous works that informed the current study’s methods or to supplemental materials instead of providing full details of every step taken or the rationale behind them.
• Results section: Be selective in choosing analyses for inclusion in the Results section and report only the most relevant ones. Although an unbiased approach is important to avoid omitting study data, reporting every analysis that may have been run for the dissertation or thesis often is not feasible, appropriate, or useful in the limited space of a journal article. Instead, ensure that the results directly contribute to answering your original research questions or hypotheses and exclude more ancillary analyses (or include them as supplemental materials). Be clear in identifying your primary, secondary, and any exploratory analyses.
• Discussion section: Adjust the discussion according to the analyses and results you report. Check that your interpretation and application of the findings are appropriate and do not extrapolate beyond the data. A strong Discussion section notes area of consensus with and divergence from previous work, taking into account sample size and composition, effect size, limitations of measurement, and other specific considerations of the study.
• References: Include only the most pertinent references (i.e., theoretically important or recent), especially in the introduction and literature review, rather than providing an exhaustive list. Ensure that the works you cite contribute to readers’ knowledge of the specific topic and to understanding and contextualizing your research. Citation of reviews and meta-analyses can guide interested readers to the broader literature while providing an economical way of referencing prior studies.
• Tables and figures: Make sure that tables or figures are essential and do not reproduce content provided in the text.

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How to Write a Journal Article from a Thesis

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Table of Contents

You are almost done with your PhD thesis and want to convert it into a journal article. Or, you’re initiating a career as a journal writer and intend to use your thesis as a starting point for an article. Whatever your situation, turning a thesis into a journal article is a logical step and a process that eventually every researcher completes. But…how to start?

The first thing to know about converting a thesis into a journal article is how different they are:

Thesis Characteristics:

• Meets academic requirements
• Reviewed by select committee members
• Contains chapters
• Lengthy, no word limits
• Table of contents
• Lengthy research of literature
• IRB approval described in detail
• Description and copies of tools used
• All findings presented
• Verb tenses may vary

Journal Article Characteristics:

• Meets journalistic standards
• Reviewed by a panel of “blind” reviewers
• Word limits
• Manuscript format
• Succinct research of literature
• IRB described in 1 to 3 sentences
• Essential and succinct tool information
• Selected findings presented
• Verb tenses are fairly consistent

Converting your thesis to a journal article may be complex, but it’s not impossible.

A thesis is a document of academic nature, so it’s more detailed in content. A journal article, however, is shorter, highlighting key points in a more succinct format. Adapting a thesis for conversion into a journal article is a time-consuming and intricate process that can take you away from other important work. In that case, Elsevier’s Language Editing services may help you focus on important matters and provide a high-quality text for submission in no time at all.

If you are going to convert a thesis into a journal article, with or without professional help, here is a list of some of the steps you will likely have to go through:

1. Identify the best journal for your work

• Ensure that your article is within the journal’s aim and scope. How to find the right journal? Find out more .
• Check the journal’s recommended structure and reference style

2. Shorten the length of your thesis

• Treat your thesis as a separate work
• Paraphrase but do not distort meaning
• Select and repurpose parts of your thesis

3. Reformat the introduction as an abstract

• Shorten the introduction to 100-150 words, but maintain key topics to hold the reader’s attention.
• Use the introduction and discussion as basis for the abstract

4. Modify the introduction

• If your thesis has more than one research question or hypothesis, which are not all relevant for your paper, consider combining your research questions or focusing on just one for the article
• Use previously published papers (at least three) from the target journal as examples

5. Tighten the methods section

• Keep the discussion about your research approach short

6. Report main findings in the results

• Expose your main findings in the results section in concise statements

7. Discussion must be clear and concise

• Begin by providing an interpretation of your results: “What is it that we have learned from your research?”
• Situate the findings to the literature
• Discuss how your findings expand known or previous perspectives
• Briefly present ways in which future studies can build upon your work and address limitations in your study

8. Limit the number of references

• To choose the most relevant and recent
• To format them correctly
• Consider using a reference manager system (e.g. Mendeley ) to make your life easier

If you are not a proficient English speaker, the task of converting a thesis into a journal article might make it even more difficult. At Elsevier’s Language Editing services we ensure that your manuscript is written in correct scientific English before submission. Our professional proofers and editors check your manuscript in detail, taking your text as our own and with the guarantee of maximum text quality.

Language editing services by Elsevier Author Services:

How to Choose a Journal to Submit an Article

How to Submit a Paper for Publication in a Journal

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• Insights blog

Extracting a journal article from your thesis

Top tips from award-winning author.

What should you consider before and during the process of writing an article from your thesis?

We caught up with Marissa Rollnick, winner of a 2018  NARST  Distinguished Contributions to Science Education through Research Award, who gave us her advice for those starting out.

Turning your thesis into publications should mark the beginning of your publication career. It is important to publish work post PhD as this makes your research more accessible to others.

One of the most important points to note is that writing an article from a thesis is not simply a task of cutting and pasting. The purpose and format of a thesis or dissertation is very different from that of a journal article or book chapter. The primary audience for the thesis is the examiner, and the student needs to convince the examiner that they have mastered research techniques and understand the arguments they are making. This can make the thesis repetitive and full of detail. The wider audience for the article or book chapter will want to know about the arguments or findings and at the same time be convinced that the findings are authentic and trustworthy.

Post information

Related posts, insights topics.

Selecting articles from a thesis or dissertation depends greatly on the work itself. There may be new theories, methods or findings that are worth sharing and the supervisor’s role is to assist the student in formulating purposes for the paper. There are several steps involved:

Deciding on authorship

Planning the article, selecting a journal, writing the article.

Reviewing the article before submission

Anyone included as an author of a journal article must have made  a significant contribution to it . You may need to decide whether this includes your supervisor and agree the order of the authors’ names. Different disciplines have different authorship practices, but in the humanities the principal author is mentioned first.

A single paper in a journal should contain a central message that you want to get across. This could be a novel aspect of methodology that you have used in your PhD study, a new theory, or an interesting modification you have made to theory or a novel set of findings. Decide what this central focus is.

Then create a paper outline bearing in mind the need to:

Isolate a manageable size

Create a coherent story/argument

Make the argument self-standing

Target the journal readership

Change the writing conventions from that used in your thesis

Selecting a journal is a very important step in planning the article. The journal you select should target appropriate readership, be accredited and be accessible to your peers. Start by asking yourself the following questions:

Look at your own reference list. Which journals have you used?

Study the editorial policies of the relevant journals: some are more restrictive than others (e.g. content, research paradigm, article length)

Scan past editions. Are there any similar papers?

Is it a trusted journal? There are several marks of quality and reliability to look out for in a journal, and people may judge your ability to choose appropriate journals to submit to. The Think. Check. Submit. initiative provides tools to help you evaluate whether the journal you’re planning to send your work to is trustworthy.

When selecting your journal think about audience, purposes, what to write about and why. Decide the kind of article to write. Is it a report, position paper, critique or review? What makes your argument or research interesting? How might the paper add value to the field?

When writing the article consider your choice of ‘theoretical framework’ and ‘voice’. Be clear what your article is about, and what it is trying to do. Finally ask your supervisor /co-author to go through the article with the following in mind:

Use the criteria the reviewers will use.

Read and edit acting as a sympathetic friend and mentor.

Ask another colleague or friend who thinks differently to read it.

Get someone to edit it for language and spelling. Many authors use professional proof readers. This is not a sign of weakness as the editor has some distance from the article. This is particularly important if you come from a country where a different language to that of the journal is used.

Marissa Rollnick is professor emeritus in science education at Wits University of Education in Johannesburg, South Africa. She holds a doctorate in science education from Wits University and is a specialist in academic development and science education. Her professional career includes appointments as high school science and maths teacher, teacher educator (William Pitcher college, Swaziland and University of Swaziland), lecturer and professor in chemistry and chemistry education on access programmes and subsequently teacher education at Wits University and science education research at Wits University. She has had various visiting appointments at University of York, UK, Western Michigan University (Fulbright award), USA and University of Cape Town. She is currently also working at the Univerisites of Pretoria and Johannesburg.

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• Writing Tips

How to Turn Your Thesis into a Journal Article

4-minute read

• 11th September 2019

If you are writing a PhD thesis , you may be thinking about how to get your work published when you’re done. One option is to convert your thesis – or part of your thesis – into an academic journal article .

And if you want to do this, you’ll need to:

• Pick a journal with a scope that matches your research interests.
• Decide which parts of your thesis you want to use for the article.
• Think about whether to co-author the article with someone else.
• Check the journal publisher’s website for author instructions.
• Have the article proofread by an academic editor.

Let’s look at each of these steps in more detail to see how the process works.

1. Pick a Journal

To maximize your chances of publication, pick a suitable journal. The journal’s scope – i.e., the kind of work it publishes – is the most important factor here.

Specialist journals with a narrower scope may be more open to submissions from early career academics than larger, multidisciplinary journals (simply because there is more competition for Nature than, say, the American Journal of Potato Research ). But the most important thing is that your work fits the research interests and approaches of the publishing journal.

Other things to consider when choosing a journal include:

• Article rejection rate.
• Journal metrics (e.g., the impact factor ).
• Journal reputation (e.g., the turnaround times for acceptance/publication).

For more advice, check out the Think. Check. Submit. campaign.

2. Plan Turning Your Thesis into a Journal Article

A PhD thesis is, typically, a long, detailed account of your research. By comparison, a journal article will usually be more focused.

As such, part of turning your thesis into a journal article involves deciding what you will include. This could be a case of setting out your overall argument in clear, concise terms. Or it could be looking for parts of your PhD research that you could use for standalone articles.

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When planning your article, you will therefore need to:

• Have a clearly defined research question.
• Find the parts of your thesis that are most relevant to your question.
• Summarize the aims, methods, results, and outcomes involved.
• Rewrite key sections to make them self-standing.
• Tweak the article to fit the journal requirements.

The first step, then, is creating a paper outline with the factors above in mind.

3. Consider Co-Authorship

If anyone else made a significant contribution to your research, such as your PhD supervisor, you may want to ask them about co-authoring your article. As well as ensuring academic fairness – i.e., crediting them for the contribution they made – this has a couple of distinct advantages:

• You can benefit from their experience of publishing academic work.
• Having an established name with a good reputation in your field of study on the paper may boost your chances of publication.

Remember, though, anyone credited as an author on an article must have made a significant contribution . If they have not, you may want to mention them in a footnote or an “Acknowledgements” section instead.

4. Check the Author Instructions

Before writing your article, check the journal publisher’s website for author instructions. These should tell you all you need to know about:

• The journal’s submission guidelines (e.g., review by an ethics committee).
• The journal’s style requirements (e.g., word count, terminology)

Make sure to follow these guidelines when preparing your journal article.

5. Have Your Article Proofread

Finally, once you have drafted an article, have someone check it.

Asking a colleague is a good first step, as they may have feedback on content. But you’ll also want to ask a professional proofreader to review your document before submission, thus ensuring it is typo free.

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How to Turn Your Thesis Into a Journal Article

In many cases, publishing thesis is often one of the requirements for graduate students to finish their academic program. Publishing research findings is one of the more important ways to share research data with the scientific community. However, the structure of it is different from that of a research article. In this article, we shall discuss how to turn your thesis to journal article.

Characteristics of a Thesis and a Journal Article

Differences Between a Thesis and a Journal Article

While both contain similar sections, you cannot simply publish your thesis research as a journal article. Converting it into a journal article has many steps. It is important to recognize that an article is much shorter than the thesis. However, turning your thesis into a journal article will not be a simple matter of copy and paste. You will need to use the data in your thesis as the starting point for writing your article.

Related: Planning to publish your Ph.D. research in a good journal? Check these journal selection guidelines now!

The  many differences  between a thesis research and a journal article are as follows:

• A thesis meets academic requirements while a journal article meets journalistic standards.
• The abstract of an article is usually shorter than that of a thesis.
• The introduction in a thesis is used to show that you are familiar with the literature in your chosen field. In a research paper , the introduction is much shorter as it is assumed that your target audience is familiar with the necessary background to understand your work. The introduction to your paper will, therefore, focus more on setting the stage for the data/research output that you are about to present.
• The results section in a thesis will include all your findings. In a paper, this would be too much detail. The data in this section should be only what you need to support your research problem or hypothesis. Often, the results in former may represent two to three different papers.
• The discussion in your paper will be much more focused than in your thesis. It will be guided by the results presented in the paper. Finally, only citations of articles actually mentioned in your paper will be listed in the references section.

Turning Thesis Research to Journal Article

As a researcher, you need to publish your work to advance your career and make contributions to the research field. Now that the differences have been outlined, how do you actually write one?

1. Identify a Suitable Journal

You could start by  journal selection . Look at your reference list. Chances are at least some of the papers you read were published in journals whose scope would match your work. Selecting a journal also allows you to tailor the paper to the specific requirements of that journal. Ensure that your research article coincides with the aim and scope of the journal. Understand the journal’s guidelines, recommended manuscript structure, and reference style

2. Reduce Redundant Length of Your Thesis

An important aspect of turning your thesis research to journal article is focusing on the word count without deleting crucial information. In order reduce word count , extract the data that answers just one research question. This should result in a more focused information than your thesis research presented. Discuss results in context with your problem statement-that is the focus of your paper. Good language and structure are crucial – your paper may get rejected even though it contains valuable data if it is difficult to understand. Use your data to tell a coherent story and avoid sweeping conclusions your data cannot support. Ensure that your title matches the contents of your paper. Paraphrase the content without changing the meaning.

3. Modify Introduction as Abstract

Repurpose the introduction as an abstract by shortening your thesis introduction to 100-150 words. Remember to maintain key points of the introduction to hold the reader’s attention. Formulate the introduction and discussion of thesis as basis for the journal article’s abstract. Furthermore, consider combining multiple research questions or focus on just one for the journal article.

4. Focus on Relevant and Selective Information

Since the discussion, methods and methodology, and results section of your thesis is an in-detail explanation of your research, these sections must be kept short while writing in a journal article.  Familiarize yourself with the target journal’s standards by referring previously published papers and understanding their format. Most importantly, provide interpretation of main findings in the results section in concise statements or tabular formats. Avoid repeating your results in the discussion section. However, discuss how your findings expand and support previous perspectives of the research. Finally, mention how future studies can build upon your work and address limitations in your study.

5. Limit the Number of References

As your thesis is a work of several years put together, it involves numerous literature reviewing. However, while turning your thesis to journal article, you must include only limited references that are relevant to the research question addressed in the journal article. Focus on using most recent references. Consider using reference management tools such as Zotero, Mendeley, Quiqqa, etc. to make the referencing process easier and efficient.

It is an academic requirement that you publish your data for the benefit of the scientific community. Considering that the structure of journal article is different from the structure of a thesis, turning a thesis to journal article must be done following logical steps as mentioned above.

Did you ever have to convert your thesis to journal article? How did you plan it? What strategies did you use while reducing the word count of your thesis? Let us know in the comments section below! You can also visit our  Q&A forum  for frequently asked questions related to different aspects of research writing and publishing answered by our team that comprises subject-matter experts, eminent researchers, and publication experts.

I was Searching For This From So Many days. Thank you for Sharing

Thanks! Glad you liked it.

Are we also going to talk Code of Conduct in Research, as authorship is part of the conduct (ethics)?

Regards, Elvia

I guess you are referring to our upcoming webinar on Assigning Authorship & Contributorship | Tips for Researchers. We will be discussing the ethical dilemmas in authorship during the session.

We would request you to register and attend the webinar for additional insights on this topic.

Meanwhile, we would recommend you to share your queries with us on our FREE Q&A forum . In addition, you may download our FREE mobile app to stay updated on the latest resources in research writing and academic publishing.

What about the Topic? we need to rephrase the topic or keep it same with Thesis topic?

Hi Shahid, Thank you for your question. Your thesis topic would be a cumulative title for all the chapters described in your thesis. When you publish your thesis as a journal article, every chapter would be published as an individual article in most cases. You may or may not use the same title that you have used for that particular chapter in the thesis. Your thesis would have chapter names that are more suited to the overall objective of your thesis. On the other hand, your manuscript should ideally have a catchy and search-optimized title highlighting a general perspective. It may not be the same as your thesis title. However, if your thesis chapter title meets the requirement of the manuscript you intend to publish, you can go ahead with the same.

You could also go through our articles on writing good research paper titles: https://www.enago.com/academy/top-10-tips-on-choosing-an-attractive-research-title/ https://www.enago.com/academy/writing-a-good-research-title-things-to-avoid/ https://www.enago.com/academy/write-irresistible-research-paper-title/

Did you get a chance to install our FREE mobile app . Make sure you subscribe to our weekly newsletter: https://www.enago.com/academy/subscribe-now/ .

Hi Dr. Durga, Amazing article and I am sure it will surely help the writers to write more carefully and also plagiarised free.

Greeting from Enago Academy! Thank you for your positive comment. We are glad to know that you found our resources useful. Your feedback is very valuable to us. Happy reading!

i just read the article and also the comments section it’s so helpful. thank you so much for sharing it.. good work!

Thanks a lot for this informational blog which surely going to help the students pursuing the Phd. Nowdays due to assignment burden students started taking the help of professional academic experts. There are many writing services.

Thank you for the very useful article. I will definitely look into it.

Writing a book: needed advice and help at one point. I found enago academy in my search of Answers. You were a Great Help! I hope to use your services again, if I am stuck on correct writing principles! Thank You for being here. K.R. Plante

This helped me a lot; thank you for this informative article.

Thanks for writing such an informative blog which will surely be a great help for the students as well as the institutions

Great article! One question…. should I cite the thesis in the paper? If so, how do I do that efficiently since it would be all over the place?

good, insightful piece of text.

Rate this article Cancel Reply

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How to turn your dissertation into journal articles

How-to-turn-your-dissertation-into-journal-articles.

Eva Lantsoght, Assistant Professor, Universidad San Francisco de Quito

August 06, 2015

Depending on your institution's guidelines, you will either finish your PhD by having a number of papers accepted for publication, or by writing a "big book"-style thesis.

This post is entirely aimed at those of us who spend months on end delivering a thesis of several hundreds of pages. We might be overly proud of having our baby finally sent out into the world, but then it will dawn upon us: the majority of researchers would prefer to read a 10-page paper about a more specific part of this research than plow through our 400 pages of labor. The only one who would ever want to read through it all and spend an entire week making sense of your thesis is a fellow PhD student….

And thus, for most of us "big book"-thesis-writing-and-publishing folks, we'll need to revisit all our material again after publication of the thesis, and turn it into a number of journal papers.

If you are lucky enough to get into a post-doc position that is fully research-oriented, you have all the time (or at least, you might think you have) to write your papers. If you venture out into the industry, you'll have to do it in your evenings and weekends.

Regardless of the time constraints , it's still extremely valuable to take the step of turning your dissertation into journal papers. Two years past my thesis defense, I'm reaching the end of this process (with a number of papers published, a number in review and a few more to write). Below are some of my observations on the process.

1. Plan for it

After you graduate, life is going to take over. You might be changing jobs, moving to a different place/city/country , and these papers might start to slip to the back of your mind. Take some time while your dissertation is still freshly printed, and ask yourself the following questions:

• Which chapters or subchapters would serve as a good journal paper?
• Which journal should I submit my work to?
• How much time do I think I need for writing this paper?

Then, start planning paper by paper . I’m keeping an overview in a Google docs spreadsheet with the papers, the journals I want to submit to, and the tentative self-imposed deadlines. My goal is to produce six new drafts per year, but some months are entirely filled with dealing with reviewers’ comments, delivering research reports with new work, or teaching duties. I typically give my co-authors (maximum) a month to send their feedback. The feedback is usually limited, so I might need just a morning to make a few changes, and then submit. I plan to start writing the next paper (or replying to reviewers’ comments and reworking the manuscript) whenever the draft of the previous one is done, so that I create a constant stream of writing, revising, sending to co-authors and submitting.

2. Enlist some good co-authors

Now that you have -hopefully- worked well with your thesis committee members, and implemented their advice to deliver the final draft of your dissertation, is there any part of your research that particularly benefited from their input? If you are planning to write a paper on this topic, consider inviting this committee member to be a co-author.

Writing with authors other than your supervisor will improve your writing, and is typically well-received in most fields. Publishing with different authors shows that you can work across research groups and universities and that you are ready to reach out into the world.

3. Remember that not all papers are born equal

Some papers will roll out from your dissertation in just a few writing sessions . For other papers you'll be sweating and sighing as you try to force a piece of research into a stand-alone narrative. Don't get mad at yourself or your work - just accept this fact as it is. And if the frustration becomes too much, head to the gym, grab some chocolate or do whatever typically relieves your stress.

Have you published several papers from the work in your dissertation? How did you organize this, and what advice would you like to share with me?

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