short essay on quit india movement in english

Short Essay on Quit India Movement

Table of Contents

Amidst World War-II, on 8 th August 1940, the British Government announced ‘Dominion Status’ to India through its famous ‘August Offer’ which was rejected by the Indians.

The Cripps Mission of 1942 was another step ahead which suggested full ‘Dominion Status’ and also right to part from the British Commonwealth Nations. Thus proposal was rejected by the people of India .

Gandhi, who was not prepared to oppose the Government by a mass upsurge, so far, now changed his mind. He was convinced of the necessity of starting a mass movement again. He raised the slogan of ‘Do or Die’.

Quit India Resolution was passed on August 8, 1942, by the Indian National Congress . The Congress handed over the leadership of the movement entirely in the hands of Gandhi and appealed to the people of India to hold together under the leadership and carried out his instructions as disciplined soldiers of the Indian freedom.

Gandhi regarded the movement as the last struggle for Indian independence. In his speech before the All India Committee, he declared “it was going to be the last struggle of his life to win the freedom of India.”

The government became aware of the movement and prepared itself in advance. All the members of the Congress including Gandhi were arrested before they work. Other leaders were also arrested and people were left leaderless.

REAONS FOR THE QUIT INDIA MOVEMENT

Following were the main causes that led to the Quit India Movement.

• FAILURE OF THE CRIPPS MISSION :-the failure of the Cripps Mission to solve the constitutional deadlock exposed Britain’s unchanged attitude on constitutional advance and made it clear that any more silence would mean acceptance of the British right to decide the fate of Indians without consulting them.
• RISING PRICES :-hike in the prices and shortage of rice, salt etc. angered the people of Bengal and Orissa. British failed to calm down the angry people. Hence this also led to the rise of Quit India Movement.
• REVERSES IN THE SOUTH-EAST ASIA :-the news of defeat suffered by the British in South East Asia and an imminent Collapse made the Indians to believe that the British Government has become so weak that they can drive them away from their country. Moreover the belief in the stability of the government was so low that people started withdrawing their deposits from banks and post offices.
• RACIAL DISCRIMINATION :-after suffering reverses from South East Asia, left the subjects to their fate. Two roads were provided—Black Road for Indian refugees and White Road exclusively for European refugees. Thus the racist tendencies of the British were exposed. Thus Indians started Quit India Movement against the British rulers .
• DANGER OF JAPANESE INVASION :-there were the growing threat of Japanese invasion of India . Gandhi wanted to save India from that attack. He feared that if the British lost, Japanese might not take their place.

PHASES OF QUIT INDIA MOVEMENT

Quit India Movement has been popularly divided into three phases:

• THE FIRST PHASE

The first phase started from the day of arrest of Gandhi. The news of Quit India Movement and Gandhi’s arrest took the people unaware but the reaction was spontaneous.

All the major cities of India which included Bombay (now Mumbai) , Calcutta (now Kolkata), Bangalore, Ahmadabad and the entire nation came to a standstill. Government’s reaction was repressive which began with indiscriminate firing and mass arrest.

• THE SECOND PHASE

The second phase began from the middle of August when the focus shifted from the centre to the out skirts where the mob began to attack the court buildings. Places like eastern parts of U.P., Bihar, West Bengal , Karnataka, Maharashtra where the mob tried to set up parallel governments though short-lived and unsuccessful.

• THE THIRD PHASE

The large suppressions executed by the government helped the people to organise the third phase of the movement which entered its longest and most formidable phase.

This was characterised by the youth and was directed against communications and police confrontations, occasionally rising to the level of Guerrilla Warfare.

In Bombay, Poona, Satara, Karnataka and U.P., underground organisations became active. The Government atrocities crossed all the limits but failed to restrict the movement from reaching its climax.

FAILURE OF THE MOVEMENT

The Quit India Movement failed due to several reasons:

• The Muslim League did not extend its support to the movement.
• R. Ambedkar, the leader of the depressed class described the movement as ‘irresponsible and act of madness’.
• D. Sarvarakar, the leader of Hindu Mahasabha directed the Hindus not to participate in the movement.
• The apathetic attitude of different organisations towards the movement contributed a lot for its failure.
• As the prominent Congress leaders remained behind the bars, the movement could not receive proper direction.
• The faithfulness of the British officials also helped a lot for the failure of the movement.

IMPORTANCE OF THE MOVEMENT

The importance of the Quit India Movement can never be undermined. It witnessed nationalistic feelings of the people at the zenith.

• For the first time, the government was astonished by observing the powerful nationalistic feelings of the Indians added with Anti-British feelings.
• It convinced the British Government that their days were numbered in India and they had to free the country from their clutch.
• It hastened the process of India’s march towards freedom.
• Realising the anti-British feelings of the Indian people, the British Government changed its attitude.
• The Quit India Movement thus quickened the process of freedom.

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Essay on Quit India Movement

Students are often asked to write an essay on Quit India Movement in their schools and colleges. And if you’re also looking for the same, we have created 100-word, 250-word, and 500-word essays on the topic.

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100 Words Essay on Quit India Movement

Introduction.

The Quit India Movement was a significant event in India’s struggle for independence. Launched on August 8, 1942, by Mahatma Gandhi, it called for the end of British rule in India.

The main goal of the Quit India Movement was to achieve ‘An immediate end of British rule’. Gandhi urged everyone to follow a non-violent protest against the British.

The movement had a profound impact. It intensified the freedom struggle, leading to the eventual exit of the British in 1947. Despite its suppression, the movement marked a crucial step in India’s journey to independence.

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• 10 Lines on Quit India Movement
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250 Words Essay on Quit India Movement

The Quit India Movement, also known as ‘Bharat Chhodo Andolan’, was a critical milestone in the Indian freedom struggle. Launched on August 8, 1942, under the leadership of Mahatma Gandhi, it was a decisive call for the British to end their colonial rule in India.

Genesis of the Movement

The movement was born out of the increasing dissatisfaction among Indians due to the exploitative British policies. The failure of the Cripps Mission, which proposed dominion status for India after World War II, was the immediate trigger. Gandhi, with his clarion call of ‘Do or Die’, galvanized the nation into action.

Impact and Significance

The Quit India Movement was a mass civil disobedience movement that saw widespread participation from diverse sections of the society. The British government responded with repressive measures, leading to mass arrests and violence. Despite the lack of immediate success, the movement significantly weakened the British hold over India.

The Aftermath

Post the movement, the political dynamics in India underwent a sea change. The British realized that maintaining control over India was becoming increasingly untenable. The movement also sowed the seeds for the subsequent negotiations that eventually led to India’s independence in 1947.

The Quit India Movement was a testament to the indomitable spirit of the Indian people. It marked a significant shift in the Indian freedom struggle, steering the nation towards its inevitable tryst with destiny – Independence. The movement continues to inspire generations, symbolizing the power of unity and non-violent resistance in the face of oppression.

500 Words Essay on Quit India Movement

The Quit India Movement, also known as the August Movement, was a significant milestone in the history of India’s struggle for independence. Launched on August 8, 1942, under the leadership of Mahatma Gandhi, the movement was a direct response to the failure of the Cripps Mission and the escalation of World War II.

The Genesis of the Movement

The seeds of the Quit India Movement were sown with the failure of the Cripps Mission. Sir Stafford Cripps, a member of the British Cabinet, had been dispatched to India in March 1942 to negotiate terms for Indian independence. However, the proposals fell short of the expectations of the Indian National Congress, leading to widespread dissatisfaction.

Simultaneously, the horrors of World War II were escalating. The British government had dragged India into the war without consulting the Indian leaders. This unilateral decision further fueled the desire for independence.

The Launch of the Movement

In response to these events, the All India Congress Committee met in Bombay on August 8, 1942. Here, Mahatma Gandhi gave his famous “Do or Die” speech, calling for determined, but passive resistance. The Quit India Resolution was passed, demanding an end to British rule in India. The movement aimed to bring the British government to the negotiating table by crippling the administrative machinery of the country through mass civil disobedience.

Repression and Impact

The British government, anticipating the movement, arrested all prominent leaders of the Congress, leaving the movement leaderless. Despite this, the movement spread across the country, with strikes, protests, and acts of sabotage erupting everywhere. The British responded with repression, resulting in thousands of arrests, deaths, and destruction of property.

The Quit India Movement, though crushed by the British, had a significant impact. It marked the end of moderate nationalism and signified the rise of radical nationalism. It was the last major direct action campaign of the Indian National Congress and the final major struggle for independence before the British left India in 1947.

The Quit India Movement was a turning point in India’s struggle for independence. It was a testament to the Indian people’s resolve to gain independence and their willingness to endure hardship for their cause. The movement demonstrated the strength of popular dissent against colonial rule and set the stage for the final push towards independence. Despite its failure to achieve immediate objectives, the Quit India Movement galvanized the Indian masses and laid the groundwork for subsequent political developments leading to India’s independence.

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Quit India Movement: Essay and Important Facts

The fourth decade of the twentieth century is of utmost importance in the history of India’s struggle for freedom. This was the period of the Second World War (1939 -1945), which shattered the mighty British Empire to its core. During the Second World War, in 1942, the Allied Powers (the Soviet Union, the United States of America, and the United Kingdom) suffered losses in South East Asia. Being a British Colony, India feared the Japanese attack during the war, and hence Britain wanted Indian support in the war for which Britain sent Cripps Mission to India; however, the Cripps Mission failed to pacify Indian leaders. After the failure of the Cripps Mission, Mahatma Gandhi launched the Quit India Movement at the Bombay session of the All India Congress Committee at the Gowalia Tank Maidan on 8 August 1942; the movement is also known as the August Kranti Movement.

Quit India Resolution

On 14 July 1942, the Congress Working Committee at Wardha adopted a resolution, demanding an end to British rule in India following which a movement called the Quit India Movement started under the leadership of Mahatma Gandhi. On 8 August 1942, in his Quit India speech at the Gowalia Tank Maidan, Mahatma Gandhi said,

Everyone of you should from this moment onwards consider yourself a free man or women and act as if you are free. I am not going to satisfy with anything short of complete freedom. We shall do or die .We shall either free India or die in the attempt”

While proposing massive civil disobedience, Mahatma Gandhi summoned people from different sections of the society like government servants, soldiers, students, and princes of princely states.

Spread of the movement

On 9 August 1942, all Congress leaders were arrested and taken to some unknown location. The Congress Working Committee, the All India Congress Committee, and the Provincial Congress Committees were declared unlawful associations under the Criminal Law Amendment Act of 1908. Public meetings were strictly prohibited. As the senior leaders were under arrest, the responsibility of spearheading the movement came into the hands of young leaders. Aruna Asif Ali, a relatively unknown figure at that time presided over the Congress Committee session on 9 August 1942.

The arrest of Mahatma Gandhi and others and the underground activity

Mahatma Gandhi and Sarojini Naidu were arrested and kept in Aga Khan Palace in Pune. Dr. Rajendra Prasad and Jayaprakash Narayan were arrested in Patna and kept in Hazaribagh jail, but Jaiprakash Narayan escaped, and he started an underground network. Ram Manohar Lohiya, Jayaprakash Narayan, Aruna Asif Ali, Tushar Mehta, Biju Patnaik, Achyut Patwardhan, Sucheta Kriplani, and RP Goenka were actively involved in these underground activities. Usha Mehta was famous for starting an underground radio in Bombay. The main aim of these underground activities was to keep up the movement alive in the absence of its main leaders.

A newspaper cutting about the arrest of Mahatma Gandhi and others during the Quit India Movement in 1942

Parallel governments across the country

A significant feature of the Quit India Movement was the emergence of parallel governments in some parts of the country. The first such parallel government was set up in Ballia in Eastern UP under Chittu Pandey. He was responsible for the release of many arrested Congress leaders. In Tamluk (Medinipur Bengal), the ‘Jatiya Sarkar’ or Tamluk National Government undertook cyclone relief work, sanctioned grants to schools, and supplied paddy from the rich to the poor. In Satara (Maharashtra), a parallel government called ‘Prati Sarkar’ was organized under the leadership of YB Chavan, Nanaji Patel, etc. Village libraries and Nyayadan Mandals were organized, prohibition campaigns carried out, and ‘Gandhi Marriages’ were organized.

Prati Sarkar, a parallel government in Satara, Maharashtra during the Quit India Movement in 1942

Participation of the masses and the movement gaining momentum

There was wide participation of the people from every section of society. Youth, especially the students of schools and colleges, remained at the forefront. Women, workers, and peasants showed keen interest in participation. Government officials also participated in the movement to some extent. Muslims all across the country helped the movement to gain momentum by providing shelter to the underground leaders, and there was a complete absence of communal clashes during the movement. Contrary to popular sentiments, some organizations did not participate in the movement but rather opposed it. Communists, Muslim League, and Hindu Mahasabha were prominent among these. Many princely states showed a cold response to the movement, and the heads of these princely states were not enthusiastic about the movement.

Participation of masses during the Quit India Movement in 1942

Government’s tactic to suppress the movement

There was heavy repression from the government side. The agitating people were attacked, Lathi charged, and tear-gassed by the police. More than 10,000 people were killed across the country. The military took over many cities. The disobedient villages were fined heavily.

Police teargas demonstrators during the Quit India Movement in 1942

Consequences

Though the government succeeded in suppressing the movement, this movement demonstrated that the Nationalist feeling in the common masses had reached its zenith, and Britishers realized that they would no longer rule India against the wishes of its people. By this time, the immediate agenda of the movement had become ‘complete independence.’ The courage and resistance that the masses showed in this movement were unparalleled. The people wanted to get India free from the shackles of slavery, oppression, and insult. The dawn of freedom was near. In February 1943, Mahatma Gandhi started a fast to condemn the violence that the common people faced during government repression. Meanwhile, the Muslim League demanded a separate state of Pakistan and observed Pakistan Day on 23 March 1943, giving a clear message to the Muslim population that their fate was different from secular India.

Important Facts

• After the failure of the Cripps Mission in 1942, there was a feeling of frustration among all sections of the people across India.

The presence of British Empire in India is an invitation to Japan to invade.”

•  In July 1942, a resolution was adopted by the Congress Working Committee, which is generally referred to as the ‘Quit India resolution,’ under which a non-violent movement was started under the leadership of Mahatma Gandhi. Through individual civil disobedience, organizational revamping, and a consistent propaganda campaign, Mahatma Gandhi was preparing the masses for bigger future agitations against British Raj.
• On 9th August 1942, the big leaders of the Congress were arrested and taken to an unknown location. Consequently, leadership in the movement was provided by less-known leaders like Aruna Asif Ali.
• Congress and its associated organizations were declared illegal under the Criminal Law Amendment Act 1908.
• Many leaders like Jayaprakash Narayan, Aruna Asif Ali, Usha Mehta, etc., went underground and continued disruptive activities to keep the movement alive.
• An important feature of the Quit India Movement was the formation of parallel governments in many places across India like Ballia, Tamluk, and Satara.
• There was immense participation in the movement across various activities of society, which included women, youth, workers, government officials, and the Muslim population.
• Communists, the Muslim League, and the Hindu Mahasabha did not support the movement.
• The government suppressed the movement with an iron hand, killing more than 10,000 people, and many villages were fined heavily for participating in the movement.
•  This movement removed fear from the minds of the people against Colonial rule, demanding an end to British rule in India.

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Essay on Quit India Movement (1942)

The Quit India movement or the Revolt of 1942 or ‘August Revolution’ of 1942 was the most popular and powerful mass movement in the series of agitations led by Gandhi in the course of freedom struggle.

By the time this mass movement was planned, the Second World War was going on, the shadows of the Japanese invasion on India were making the sky dark and cloudy.

The efforts of Cripps mission bore no fruit and the prices of essential commodities were soaring high and the day does not appear to be far off for the deliverance from the British imperialism.

Sumit Sarkar writes “The summer of 1942 found Gandhi in a strange and uniquely militant mood, ‘Leave India to God or to anarchy” he repeatedly urged the British – this orderly disciplined anarchy should go, and if as a result there is complete lawlessness I would risk it”.

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These statements made, in May 1942 are indicative of the restlessness of the leader, who ‘promised’ Swaraj within one year and who is eager and anxious to see that his mission of gaining freedom for India is realized soon. Sumit Sarkar aptly observes “though the need for non-violence was always reiterated, Gandhi’s mantra of Do or Die represents the militant mood of Gandhi”.

In the working committee meeting held at Wardha on 14 July, 1942 the Congress first accepted the idea of a struggle. The All India Congress Committee that met in Bombay in August ratified this decision to go in for struggle. In his speech Gandhi made it very clear “I am not going to be satisfied with anything short of complete freedom. May be, he (the Viceroy) will propose the abolition of salt tax, the drink evil. But I will say nothing less than freedom” . Gandhi then followed up with the now famous exhortation Do or Die. “Here is a Mantra, a short one that I give you. You may imprint it on your hearts and let every breath of yours give expression to it. The mantra is Do or Die. We shall either free India or die in the attempt; we shall not live to see the perpetuation of slavery”.

Gandhi also gave a call to all sections of the people, the princes, the Jagirdars, the Zamindars, the propertied and moneyed classes, who derive their wealth and property from the workers in the fields and factories and elsewhere, to whom eventually power and authority belong. In the view of Sumit Sarkar, the above statement of Gandhi indicates his social radicalism and shift in the philosophy of the Congress, by now people with the goals of socialism and communism have become a part of the broad-based Congress organization; On the other hand, the British too were equally determined to crush any movement of the Congress.

The then Viceroy Linlithgow in a letter dated 8 August, 1946 categorically made his mind very clear “I feel very strongly that the only possible answer to a declaration of war by any section of Congress in the present circumstances must be a declared determination to crush the organization as a whole”. Thus, the two sides were ready to act and even before the formal launching of the movement, the government in a single sweep arrested all the top leaders of the Congress in the early hours of August 9, 1942. This led to spontaneous outburst of mass anger against the arrest of leaders. There was mass upsurge all over the country for six or seven weeks after the unexpected event of August 9, 1942.

Bipan Chandra writes, “People devised a variety of ways of expressing their anger in some places, huge crowds attacked police stations, post offices, courts, railway stations and other symbols of government authority. National flags were forcibly hoisted on public buildings in defiance of the police”. Cities, towns and villages witnessed the people’s wrath. Peasants, workers and students actively participated in showing their resentment against the government. By following tactics of brutality, the government suppressed the movement. Gandhi who was arrested in the early hours of 9 August, started fast on 10 February by declaring that the fast would last for 21 days.

One more feature to be noticed in this connection was the refusal of Gandhi to condemn the violence of the masses and held the government responsible for this violence. All over the country people responded positively and actively towards the fast of Gandhi. Gandhi was released on 6 May, 1944 on medical grounds.

It is to be noted that the Quit India movement was the spontaneous participation of the masses compared to the earlier non-cooperation and civil disobedience movements. Bipan Chandra was of the view: “the great significance of this historic movement was that it placed the demand for independence on the immediate agenda of the national movement. After ‘Quit India’ there could be no retreat. Independence was no longer a matter of bargain. And this became amply clear after the war”.

The spirit unleashed was carried further by Indian National Army of Subhas Chandra Bose. An understanding of the process of the struggle for independence of India reveals its long drawn dynamics of the strategy adopted by the leaders of this movement.

While the pre-Gandhian phase was one of creating conscious awareness of the evils of the colonial and imperialist among the masses, the Gandhian phase of ‘struggle-truce-struggle’ was one of sustaining the tempo of the movement through the stages of non-cooperation followed by civil disobedience, followed by the Quit India movement.

Besides Gandhi’s ideology of non-violence and technique of Satyagraha, it was the strategy of struggle-truce-struggle that accelerated and sustained the urge for freedom and enabled India to achieve freedom in 1947. We find a gradual and slow transition from mini-scale minority of freedom seekers to mass organi­zation of freedom seekers during the time of Gandhi, and his most outstanding contribution was the successful strategy of struggle-truce-struggle in stages to sustain the tempo of the movement. Undoubtedly, Gandhi was a great strategist of the 20th century mass political mobilization process motivated by self-reliant rule of the masses through more of non-violent means.

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Quit India Movement 1942, Phases, Causes, Impact and Outcomes

Quit India Movement started in year 1942 which was led by Mahatma Gandhi, to get freedom from British Government. Get here Quit India Movement Anniversary 2023 related information.

Table of Contents

The Quit India Movement started on August 8, 1942, also known as the August Kranti Movement, calling for the end of British rule in India at the All India Congress Committee’s session in Bombay.

It is an important topic of the UPSC History Syllabus and an important event of the Indian Freedom Struggle for Independence . UPSC aspirants should know the complete details about Quit India Movements for Prelims and Mains. 

Quit India Movement 

• Quit India Movement is observed annually on August 8, 1942. Quit India Movement Day is a day to remember the sacrifices made by the Indian freedom fighters and people in their fight for independence.
• At the meeting of the All-India Congress Committee in Mumbai, Mahatma Gandhi demanded the end of British rule and launched the Quit India Movement. In his address at the Gowalia Tank Maidan, now referred to as August Kranti Maidan, Mahatma Gandhi urged listeners to “Do or Die”.
• The Indian flag was raised at the Gowalia Tank Maidan in Mumbai during the Quit India Movement by Aruna Asaf Ali, also referred to as the “ Grand Old Lady ” of the Independence Movement. Yusuf Meherally, a socialist and trade unionist who served as Mayor of Mumbai, is the author of the phrase “Quit India.”

Quit India Movement Causes

• Failed Cripps mission: Indian leaders reject limited British concessions.
• Dissatisfaction with British rule: Indians suffered from economic exploitation, discrimination and lack of political representation.
• Impact of World War II: Indians opposed the decision of the British to include India in the war without consultation.
• Growing nationalism: Growing nationalist sentiments inspired by leaders like Gandhi and Nehru fueled the demand for independence.
• Pressure from global movements: The success of anti-colonial movements around the world inspired Indian nationalism.
• Gandhi’s leadership: Gandhi’s call for non-violent civil disobedience united Indians against British rule.
• Suppression of civil liberties: British suppression of dissent, including the arrest of leaders, provoked anger and resentment.

Quit India Movement Phases

Quit India Movement Phases are categorised into three phases that are described below in detail. Quit India Movement Day is commemorated every year on 8 August in India.

Quit India Movement of 1942 Impacts

The Quit India Movement of 1942, also known as the August Movement or Bharat Chhodo Andolan, was a civil disobedience movement that was a major turning point in India’s freedom struggle. The movement had many effects, including:

• New leaders: Aruna Asaf Ali became president of the Indian National Congress, and other new leaders emerged, including Ram Manohar Lohia, JP Narayan, and Usha Mehta.
• Political changes: Organizations like the Rashtriya Swayam Sevak Sangh, Hindu Mahasabha, and Muslim League gained popularity.
• Arrests: The government arrested nearly 100,000 people, including women and children, and kept them imprisoned until 1945. The government also declared the INC illegal and banned it.
• Complete freedom: India gained complete freedom on August 15, 1947.

Quit India Movement Importance

• The government used harsh repression tactics, but the populace was unmoved and kept up their fight.
• Even though the government claimed that independence could only be granted when the war ended, the movement emphasized that Indians must be involved in governance for it to work.
• The movement prioritized calling for total independence as the main goal of the freedom movement. Public spirit and anti-British feelings were raised.
• Underground activities were carried out by figures who eventually became well-known leaders such as Ram Manohar Lohia, J.P. Narayan, Aruna Asaf Ali, Sucheta Kriplani, and Biju Patnaik.
• Women participated actively in the movement.
• Usha Mehta, among other female activists, contributed to the establishment of an underground radio station, which sparked awareness of the movement.
• The Quit India Movement has strengthened the sense of brotherhood and unity among people.
• Many high school and college kids dropped out, while lots of adults quit their jobs and took money out of the banks.
• The costs of World War II led the British to come to the important conclusion that India was unmanageable in the long run, even though the Quit India movement collapsed in 1944 as a result of their insistence that independence could only take place when the war was over and their refusal to grant it immediately.
• The character of political negotiations with the British was altered, ultimately leading to India’s independence.

Quit India Movement UPSC

The Violence that wasn’t planned happened in certain places during the Quit India movement. The British forcefully put an end to the movement; people were shot, and lathi-charged, villages were set on fire, and huge fines were imposed. To suppress the unrest, the authorities used brutality and detained more than 100,000 individuals.

Many parties and collaborations like the Hindu Mahasabha, the Communist Party of India, and the Muslim League opposed this movement . The movement was also not supported by the Indian bureaucracy. The League opposed the British leaving India without first dividing the nation. Since the British were associated with the Soviet Union, the Communist Party supported them.

The Hindu Mahasabha publicly rejected the Quit India Movement’s appeal and boycotted it out of concern that it would lead to internal unrest and threaten internal security during the war. Subhas Chandra Bose organized the Azad Hind administration and the Indian National Army while operating from outside. Because they opposed Mahatma Gandhi’s concept, many Congress members, including C Rajagopalachari, resigned from the provincial legislature.

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Quit India Movement FAQs

What are the main points of the quit india movement.

An end to British dominion over India right now. A declaration of free India’s determination to fight off all forms of imperialism and fascism. Formation of India’s interim government following the exit of the British. During a movement of civil disobedience against British rule.

Who started Quit India Movement?

 At a meeting of the All-India Congress Committee in Bombay on August 8, 1942, Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi announced the start of the “Quit India” movement. The British government detained Gandhi, Nehru, and many other Indian National Congress leaders the following day.

Why did Gandhi launch Quit India Movement?

To get the British to leave India, Mahatma Gandhi started the Quit India movement in 1942. During this agitation, several Indian National Congress (INC) members were detained.

Who gave the Quit India slogan?

The Quit India Movement, also known as the Bharat Chhodo Andolan, was introduced by Mahatma Gandhi on August 8, 1942.

Who is the lady leader of the Quit India Movement?

Aruna Asaf Ali was a publisher, political activist, and educator from India. She was an ardent member of the campaign for Indian independence, and she is well-known for raising the Indian National flag at the Gowalia Tank Maidan in Bombay in 1942, during the Quit India Movement.

Who is the hero of the Quit India Movement?

Hero of the Quit India Movement are:

        Mahatma Gandhi         Jawaharlal Nehru         Subhash Chandra Bose         Jaiprakash Narain

When Quit India Movement ended?

The British came to the crucial conclusion that India was ungovernable in the long run as a result of the costs of World War II, even though the Quit India campaign was crushed in 1944 as a result of their refusal to grant immediate independence and instead insisting that it could only happen after the war had ended.

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The Quit India Movement was a crucial milestone in India’s struggle for independence from British colonial rule. Explain.

Topic: The Freedom Struggle — its various stages and important contributors/contributions from different parts of the country.

2. The Quit India Movement was a crucial milestone in India’s struggle for independence from British colonial rule. Explain. (250 words)

Difficulty level: Easy

Reference: Insights on India.

Key Demand of the question: To write how Quit India movement was different from the previous mass movements. Why the question: The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 1. Directive word:  Explain – Clarify the topic by giving a detailed account as to how and why it occurred, or what is the context. You must be defining key terms wherever appropriate and substantiate with relevant associated facts . Structure of the answer: Introduction:  Give the context of political scene of the country that led to the launch of Quit India movement Body: Write about the factors that made the movement stand apart from other struggles or movements against the Imperial rule, on lines of, Gandhi’s strategy, emergence of new leaders, Violence, Princely States, new developments and mass involvement etc and the way it aligned the local interest with that of national interest. Conclusion: Conclude by mentioning that the much-needed impetus towards conclusion to the national freedom struggle can be credited to the Quit India movement.

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• 01 Jun, 2024

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Essay on Quit India Movement

Mahatma Gandhi started the Quit India movement at Mumbai's Gowalia Tank Maidan, also called August Kranti Maidan. On August 8 and 9, 1942, he and other commanders assembled in this location. As a result of the effort, Congress' offices nationwide were searched and it was deemed an illegal group. The leaders were taken into custody, and this incident caused a chaotic situation.

The most well-known and effective mass movement in the series of agitations organised by Gandhi during the war for freedom was the movement to leave India, also known as the Revolt of 1942 or the "August Revolution" of 1942.  The Second World War had already begun when this massive migration was organised, and the sky was already dark and overcast due to the Japanese invasion of India.

The Cripps Mission's efforts were in vain, and prices for necessities were skyrocketing. However, the day of liberation from British imperialism does not seem far off. Gandhi frequently encouraged the British to "Leave India to God or to anarchy" and said, "This orderly disciplined anarchy should go, and if as a result there is complete lawlessness I would risk it." According to Sumit Sarkar, “The summer of 1942 found Gandhi in a strange and uniquely militant mood.”The man who 'promised' Swaraj within a year is restless and keen to see that his aim of securing freedom for India is quickly realised, as seen by his words made in May 1942. Though the need for non-violence was constantly emphasised, Gandhi's motto of "Do or Die" best captures his combative demeanour, as Sumit Sarkar notes.

The Congress initially agreed to a fight when the working committee met at Wardha on July 14, 1942. This decision to enter the conflict was approved by the All India Congress Committee at its meeting in Bombay in August. Gandhi made it quite clear in his address that he would not settle for anything less than total freedom. It's possible that the Viceroy will suggest eliminating the salt tax and drink evil. But I'll say it's freedom or nothing. Gandhi then gave his now-famous call to action, "Do or Die." "I give you this Mantra, which is a brief one. You can let it get ingrained in your souls and be expressed through every breath you take. Do or Die is the credo. We won't live to witness the continuation of slavery; we must either free India or perish trying.

Gandhi also issued a call to action to all groups of people, including the princes, Jagirdars, and Zamindars, as well as the wealthy and affluent classes, who draw their income and possessions from the workers in the fields, industries, and other places, to whom power and authority ultimately belong. Sumit Sarkar believes that Gandhi's aforementioned statement demonstrates his social radicalism and shift in the Congress's philosophical outlook. At this point, supporters of socialism and communism have joined the broad-based Congress organisation, and the British were equally determined to put an end to any movement of the Congress.

In a letter dated 8 August 1946, the then Viceroy Linlithgow made it very clear that he had made up his mind: "I feel very strongly that, in the present circumstances, the only possible response to a declaration of war by any section of Congress must be a declared determination to crush the organisation as a whole." Since both sides were prepared to act, the government detained all of the Congress' leading officials in a single sweep in the early hours of August 9, 1942, even before the movement had officially begun. Mass rage against the arrest of leaders erupted as a result of this. Following the unforeseen incident of August 9, 1942, there was a widespread upswing that lasted for six or seven weeks across the nation.

In certain locations, large crowds attacked police stations, post offices, courts, train stations, and other symbols of governmental authority, according to Bipan Chandra's writing. In defiance of the police, national flags were forcibly flown on public buildings. Cities, towns, and villages everywhere saw the anger of the populace. Peasants, labourers, and students all took part in the demonstrations to express their anger at the administration. The authorities repressed the movement by employing severe methods. Gandhi, who was taken into custody in the wee hours of August 9th, announced on February 10th that he would begin a 21-day fast.

Gandhi's failure to denounce the mass violence and hold the administration accountable for it is another aspect that should be noted in this context. People around the nation gave the Gandhi fast an enthusiastic and energetic response. On May 6, 1944, Gandhi was discharged for medical reasons. It should be highlighted that, in contrast to prior non-cooperation and civil disobedience activities, the Quit India movement saw the spontaneous participation of the whole public. According to Bipan Chandra, "the great significance of this historic event was that it immediately prioritised the demand for independence inside the national movement. After "Quit India," there was no turning back. Freedom was no longer up for negotiation. And after the war, this became very evident.

Subhas Chandra Bose's Indian National Army carried the spirit released further. Understanding the long-drawn-out dynamics of the leaders of this movement's approach is revealed by an understanding of the process of India's struggle for independence. The Gandhian phase of "struggle-truce-struggle" was one of maintaining the tempo of the movement through the stages of non-cooperation followed by civil disobedience, followed by the Quit India movement, whereas the pre-Gandhian phase was one of increasing conscious awareness of the evils of the colonial and imperialist among the masses.

Along with Gandhi's nonviolent philosophy and Satyagraha technique, it was the tactic of struggle-truce-struggle that fueled and sustained the freedom movement and helped India become independent in 1947. During Gandhi's time, we saw a steady and sluggish change from a small minority of freedom seekers to a mass organisation of these individuals. Gandhi's most notable contribution was the effective staged strategy of struggle-truce-struggle to maintain the momentum of the movement. Gandhi undoubtedly had a key role in the mass political mobilisation of the 20th century, which was driven by the desire for the masses to rule themselves more peacefully.

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• Famous Speeches
• The Quit India Speech

Essay On Quit India Movement For Students In Easy Words – Read Here

• Zaraki Kenpachi
• September 9, 2021

The Quit India Movement marks the beginning of the “Quit India Movement”, instigated by Mahatma Gandhi, and was started in 1942. The movement was centred around the following demands: (i) For the abolition of untouchability (ii) For the abolition of the communication and the school taxes (iii) For the removal of the salt tax (iv) For the prohibition of liquor (v) For the registration of births and deaths (vi) For the suspension of all foreign debts (vii) For the abolition of the Rowlatt Act (viii) For the repeal of the obnoxious sections of the Rowlatt Act (ix) For the restoration of all political rights and liberties (x) For the

The paper suggests students should be able to take up any job and should not be fearful of losing their jobs. The message is that students should be allowed to think and should be made aware of the consequences of their actions.

Quit India Movement was a mass movement by Indian students in the second half of the 1960s to defy the imposition of the Nizam of Hyderabad as the new ruler of India. The movement was started as a nonviolent protest against the imposition of the Nizam as the new ruler of India.

Introduction:

For many years, our India has been subjected to British enslavement and unspeakable crimes. All Indians had their right to life stripped away by the cruel British overlords.

In order to free the nation from the chains of slavery, Mahatma Gandhi, a renowned freedom fighter, started a similar campaign against the British in 1942, which he dubbed the “Quit India Movement.” The Quit India movement has played a significant part in anti-British efforts to liberate India from British domination.

What Was the Initiation of the Quit India Movement?

Many freedom warriors died as a result of these activities, but we all Indians now have independence in India thanks to the efforts of the country’s revolutionaries against the British.

The Origins of the Quit India Movement

At the same time, when Japan crossed the Pacific Ocean and began advancing towards India, America, China, Russia, and others were pressing Britain to get Indian assistance, after which Britain took the initiative to assist the British in their battle for India. In March 1942, Britain sent Stafford Cripps to India for this purpose.

The Proposal Was Rejected

The Indian delegates were unhappy with the British plan and refused to accept any of the Cripps Mission’s suggestions. Due to the failure of the Cripps Mission in India, Mahatma Gandhi urged that the British leave India and pass over control to the Indians.

A Way For The Quit India Movement To Succeed

Many political groups, including the Muslim League, the Communist Party of India, the Hindu Mahasabha, and the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh, did not accept Mahatma Gandhi’s idea, and the campaign was subsequently heavily condemned.

Following this, on August 8, 1942, the ‘All India Congress’ convened a conference at the “Gwalia Tank” in Bombay. It was agreed at this conference that the British would have to leave India in any event, that India was capable of self-defense, and that India would struggle against hanging and imperialism if India were to achieve independence.

Conclusion:

This mass movement’s assertion blazed throughout the nation in 1962. Millions of Indians gave up their height in order to achieve the goal of freedom. We must never forget our forefathers’ sacrifices.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is quit india movement in short.

Quit India Movement was a movement of Mahatma Gandhi in 1942, which aimed to end British colonial rule in India.

What is the importance of Quit India Movement?

The Quit India Movement was a mass nonviolent movement in British-ruled India, launched on August 8, 1942 by Indian nationalists led by Mahatma Gandhi.

What is Quit India Movement answer?

Quit India Movement was a movement in 1942 by Mahatma Gandhi to get the British out of India.

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Write A Paragraph On Quit India Movement

The quit mita movement was started by gandhiji ns 1942. the main aim of the movement was to demand the complete withdrawal of the british from india. this protest was started to demand a conclusion to the british rule in india. since august, the movement was held; it is otherwise called august kranti or august movement. the movement was begun on august 9, 1942, and from that point forward, the day is commended as august kranti day/diwas. the day is praised by paying tribute to political dissidents with national integration speeches and different occasions. the quit india movement is also called india august movement or “bharat choro andolan.”.