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How Long is an Essay? Guidelines for Different Types of Essay

Published on January 28, 2019 by Shona McCombes . Revised on July 23, 2023.

The length of an academic essay varies depending on your level and subject of study, departmental guidelines, and specific course requirements. In general, an essay is a shorter piece of writing than a research paper  or thesis .

In most cases, your assignment will include clear guidelines on the number of words or pages you are expected to write. Often this will be a range rather than an exact number (for example, 2500–3000 words, or 10–12 pages). If you’re not sure, always check with your instructor.

In this article you’ll find some general guidelines for the length of different types of essay. But keep in mind that quality is more important than quantity – focus on making a strong argument or analysis, not on hitting a specific word count.

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Table of contents

Essay length guidelines, how long is each part of an essay, using length as a guide to topic and complexity, can i go under the suggested length, can i go over the suggested length, other interesting articles, here's why students love scribbr's proofreading services.

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In an academic essay, the main body should always take up the most space. This is where you make your arguments, give your evidence, and develop your ideas.

The introduction should be proportional to the essay’s length. In an essay under 3000 words, the introduction is usually just one paragraph. In longer and more complex essays, you might need to lay out the background and introduce your argument over two or three paragraphs.

The conclusion of an essay is often a single paragraph, even in longer essays. It doesn’t have to summarize every step of your essay, but should tie together your main points in a concise, convincing way.

The suggested word count doesn’t only tell you how long your essay should be – it also helps you work out how much information and complexity you can fit into the given space. This should guide the development of your thesis statement , which identifies the main topic of your essay and sets the boundaries of your overall argument.

A short essay will need a focused, specific topic and a clear, straightforward line of argument. A longer essay should still be focused, but it might call for a broader approach to the topic or a more complex, ambitious argument.

As you make an outline of your essay , make sure you have a clear idea of how much evidence, detail and argumentation will be needed to support your thesis. If you find that you don’t have enough ideas to fill out the word count, or that you need more space to make a convincing case, then consider revising your thesis to be more general or more specific.

The length of the essay also influences how much time you will need to spend on editing and proofreading .

You should always aim to meet the minimum length given in your assignment. If you are struggling to reach the word count:

• Add more evidence and examples to each paragraph to clarify or strengthen your points.
• Make sure you have fully explained or analyzed each example, and try to develop your points in more detail.
• Address a different aspect of your topic in a new paragraph. This might involve revising your thesis statement to make a more ambitious argument.
• Don’t use filler. Adding unnecessary words or complicated sentences will make your essay weaker and your argument less clear.
• Don’t fixate on an exact number. Your marker probably won’t care about 50 or 100 words – it’s more important that your argument is convincing and adequately developed for an essay of the suggested length.

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In some cases, you are allowed to exceed the upper word limit by 10% – so for an assignment of 2500–3000 words, you could write an absolute maximum of 3300 words. However, the rules depend on your course and institution, so always check with your instructor if you’re unsure.

Only exceed the word count if it’s really necessary to complete your argument. Longer essays take longer to grade, so avoid annoying your marker with extra work! If you are struggling to edit down:

• Check that every paragraph is relevant to your argument, and cut out irrelevant or out-of-place information.
• Make sure each paragraph focuses on one point and doesn’t meander.
• Cut out filler words and make sure each sentence is clear, concise, and related to the paragraph’s point.
• Don’t cut anything that is necessary to the logic of your argument. If you remove a paragraph, make sure to revise your transitions and fit all your points together.
• Don’t sacrifice the introduction or conclusion . These paragraphs are crucial to an effective essay –make sure you leave enough space to thoroughly introduce your topic and decisively wrap up your argument.

If you want to know more about AI tools , college essays , or fallacies make sure to check out some of our other articles with explanations and examples or go directly to our tools!

• Ad hominem fallacy
• Post hoc fallacy
• Appeal to authority fallacy
• False cause fallacy
• Sunk cost fallacy

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• Write a College Essay
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• College Essay Format & Structure
• Comparing and Contrasting in an Essay

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2500 Word Essay Examples & Topic Ideas

Writing a 2500-word essay can be challenging, especially for those who have never completed similar assignments before. Such word count is typical for a research paper, report, or term paper and usually takes 9 double-spaced or 4.5 single-spaced pages. A lengthy text like this requires careful organization and time management. You must set aside enough time for research, planning, writing, editing, and proofreading to ensure your essay is well-worded and compelling.

In this article, we will discuss the format and structure of a 2500-word essay. Also, you will get some practical examples to make your writing process smoother and faster! And if you need more inspiration, you can always read our free essays online for students .

• 🔎 Research Paper Examples
• ✒️ Interesting Essay Prompts
• 📊 Analytical Essay Examples
• ✏️ Topics on the Fall of Rome
• ✍️ How to Write a 2500-word Essay
• 🆚 Compare and Contrast Topics
• 📝 Argumentative Essay Examples
• 📕 Narrative Essay Topics
• 🏥 Cancer Essay Examples

🔎 2500 Word Research Paper: Best Examples

• Decline of Print Media The decline of the print media is as a result of over reliance on advertising than most newspapers in the rest of the world.
• The Role of Women in the American Society of the 17th Century As the paper reveals, the role of women in America was then a replica of the role of other women especially in Britain where it was well documented.
• Effects of World Hunger Activities of the United States indicate a tendency to increase world hunger; it seems to give the perception that it is fond to bask in the glory of the world’s dependency on foreign aid, so […]
• Housing Problem in Canada A total of 5% of the Canadian households live on the social housing program, representing the smallest social housing sector in any developed country with the exception of the United States of America.
• The Impact of the Culture on the Project Management The paper will be focusing on the attitudes and some of the factors connected to the project top and line managers’ attitudes in connection to the internal set of laws as well as with respect […]
• Cultural Background and First Language in Second Language Learners The importance of this topic emerged on its ability to clarify the relationship that exists amid the second language attainment, cognitive developments/learning abilities, and the ultimate learning and writing skills affected by the first language […]
• Measuring Poverty and Social Exclusion in Australia The topic, measuring poverty and social exclusion was chosen to broaden the understanding of poverty and elements of social exclusion. Therefore, it is imperative for policymakers to recognise the role of diverse indicators that measure […]
• The Emotional, Psychological, and Spiritual Impact of a Family with a Terminal Ill Child Although it is necessary to understand the problems of the parents, it is very cruel to overlook the needs of the child.
• Field Research in Luxury Beauty Products This has been due to many fashion options for them to choose from and also availability of major fashion houses in the world are located in the UK.
• Helping, Giving, and Volunteerism The role of voluntarism in term of donations and giving is immense and continues to change the lives of many people in different parts of the world.
• The Role of Japan in the Transformation of Modern China Japan knows that it has played a large role in the transformation of China and that is why they have never wanted to be at odds with its neighbor. This therefore helps to explain the […]
• HIV/AIDS Among African Americans As the cases of the disease continued to increase unabated among African Americans, the government and health care system had to revise their preventive strategies to help in combating the epidemic.
• History of Indigenous Australians before the Arrival of the First Fleet England was the first to claim the lands of the Aboriginal people and this was a strategy to make the French and the Spanish governments from taking it.
• Contribution of Slaves in Colonial America Contribution of Urban Slaves There was however a slight difference among the slaves that worked in the plantations and those that lived in the urban setups of the colonial America.
• Family Influences on the Development of a Child’s Behavior Objectives of the study: The general aim of the study is to determine how the organization of the family has a direct effect on the development of the child’s behavior.

✒️ Interesting Prompts for a 2500 Words Essay

If you’re looking for ideas for your 2500-word article, check out the prompts below:

• Compose a life story essay (2500 words). You can structure an essay around your experience as a youngster. Consider how you handled different circumstances and any lessons you learned from them.
• Write a 2500-word essay on global warming. Start your essay by explaining what global warming means. Then, you can review this phenomenon’s key causes and consequences and suggest possible solutions.
• Complete a 2500-word analysis of a Supreme Court justice. In your essay, you analyze Supreme Court justices’ decision-making. You can focus on a specific legal case and explore what factors affected justices’ decisions.
• Create a 2500-word memo “Why I made a mistake.” Start your paper by acknowledging the mistake and providing context or additional details about it. Also, you might write your apologies for the error and offer potential solutions.
• Write a 2500-word paper on Black Boy (Richard Wright). In your essay, you can explain why Wright titled his autobiography Black Boy and why his family treated him so harshly. In addition, highlight the role of art in Richard’s life and his feelings about it.
• How to treat friends: essay 2500 words. You can focus your paper on actions everyone should take to be a good friend. Examples include being kind and generous, acting supportive, showing loyalty, spending time together, etc. Describe each method and support them with stories from your life.
• U.S. Postal Service (USPS) essay: 2500 words. State some critical regulatory issues the United States Postal Service is confronting, including waning revenues, surging costs, and postal unions. You can also propose practical strategies for preventing the decline of this service.

📊 Analytical 2500 Word Essay Examples

• The Ethical Issues of Genetic Engineering Many people have questioned the health risks that arise from genetically modified crops, thus it is the politicians who have to ensure that the interests of the people are met and their safety is assured. […]
• TNT Company’s Marketing Management and Strategy Through the company’s mission that shows the purpose of the company, principle aims the company wants to meet are well outlined to clearly show the activities of the company, and the future position where the […]
• Airline Industry in Europe Included in the vision is also group and leading edge technology, which enables the companies in the industry to improve their opportunities in the competitive market.
• Influence of the Formal Cultural System on Ethics This scholar says that when developing an organizational culture, the management would try to ensure that they set a culture that is conscious of the expected ethics.
• Peace and Democracy: US Impact in the Middle East However, the aim is to determine the view of those individuals who are for the rules and policies that the United States has formulated towards the Middle East and its impacts on the region and […]
• Exegetical Study of Biblical Divorce The divine plan for marriage, the permission to divorce, and the issue of celibacy can be interpreted to help in understanding the passage of marriage and divorce.
• HRM Challenges in Multinational Companies The development of such advances in technology for HR functions managements is fostered by the need of the HR department to conduct its functions in the global markets in a manner that ensures speed, costs […]
• Managing Values and Corporate Responsibility in Global Business Operations The shocking conditions under which workers in the clothing industry are forced to endure in developing countries, the relaxed labour laws and the low wages paid predominantly to the young and underage women workers should […]
• The Key to Understanding Political Development A change in the political system in Uganda is one of the indicators of the presence and level of political development in the country.
• Men and Women in Internet and Social Media: Real-Life Stereotypes in the Virtual Communication Analyzing the peculiarities of the communication processes carried out via the Internet and social media, one can see the way gender issues impact the atmosphere and the course of the communication among men and in […]
• Vulnerability of World Countries to Climate Change While the third world nations strongly hold that climate is changing due to the development activities of the developed nations, the developed nations use scientific theories to point to natural causes of the vice.
• Homelessness in Canadian Society As a result, the demand for housing has surpassed the supply because of changes in government policies and efforts to address the issue of homelessness.
• Origins, Characteristics, and Consequences of Technological Systems Technological systems also share this complexity because technological systems are also processes of several political, technical, and ideological systems that work together to create the technological system. Broadly, this essay takes the example of electrification […]
• Emergency Agencies in Reducing Deliberate Fires The efforts put together by the emergency agencies will go a long way to open the eyes of the wicked youths who have been the arsonists and making them to see the insensitivity of their […]
• Substance-Use Disorder at the Workplace: Alcohol Dependence At the workplace, the presence of employees with mental disorders may affect the overall performance of the organisation due to the effects of the condition.
• Has E-Government Failed? For the purposes of discussion of this paper, the term e-government refers to the use of electronic processes to enhance communication and the provision of public services.
• Success of the Chinese Economy The exceptional growth in China has been forecasted to continue in most of the sectors. The economy of China is expected to grow in the future.

✏️ 2500 Word Research Paper Topics on the Fall of Rome

• The fall of Rome as one of the biggest cataclysmic events.
• The key reasons for Rome’s fall.
• What was the role of urban communities in maintaining the Roman Empire?
• The connection between climate change and the Roman Empire’s decline .
• Role conflicts and the struggle for power in the Roman Empire.
• The fall of Rome: external pressures and threats.
• The crisis of defense capability as the reason for the fall of the Roman Empire.
• What were the main consequences of Rome’s fall?
• The impact of the fall of the Roman Empire on subsequent historical epochs.
• Fall of the Roman Empire in literature and art.
• The role of women in the fall of the Roman Empire.
• How did Christianity impact the Roman Empire’s downfall?
• Political reforms and their role in stabilizing the Roman Empire.
• Social inequality and poverty in Rome as key reasons for its fall.
• The influence of epidemics and pandemics on the fall of Rome.

✍️ How to Write a 2500 Word Essay

A 2500-word essay is a good chance to conduct deep research on the topic you are interested in. In such an essay, you can cover the issue in detail, present arguments, and provide extensive evidence to support them.

From the following paragraphs, you’ll learn more about the structure of a 2500-word essay.

2500 Word Essay Structure

Appropriately structuring your academic work is crucial for your writing to be clear and logical. Your 2500-word essay should follow the outline below:

• Introduction. Start with a focused and compelling introduction. It should be 1-2 paragraphs.
• Main body. The total number of words for the main body is approximately 2000, and the number of paragraphs can vary from 10 to 16.
• Conclusion. The last section should summarize your main points and reinforce your thesis. It takes 1-2 paragraphs.
• References. On a separate page, list all the sources you cited in your paper.

If you need help structuring your essay, try our free outline generator .

2500 Word Essay Introduction

Introductions are used to pique readers’ attention, introduce the topic, and describe the essay’s focus. The introduction of a 2500-word essay takes 10% of the total word count — around 250 words.

In your opening paragraph, you should include the following elements:

• Interesting hook
• Background information
• Strong thesis statement

If you find writing a good introduction for your essay challenging, you can always use our free tools for help. Our hook sentence generator will assist you in crafting a killer first sentence, while the thesis generator will help you make a compelling and focused thesis statement. You can also use our background of the study generator for additional help.

2500 Word Essay Conclusion

An excellent concluding section provides your audience with food for thought while reminding them of the points covered in the body. Like the introduction, the conclusion of a 2500-word essay takes 10% of the word count, namely 250 words.

In your last paragraph, you need to include the following elements:

• Restated thesis
• Summary of the key ideas
• Call to action or directions for further research

You can also use our closing sentence generator to find more ideas for your ending paragraph!

How Many References for a 2500 Word Essay?

The number of references may differ depending on the paper type and your professor’s instructions. For instance, a research paper requires a lot of sources, while a narrative essay may not need them at all. We recommend you follow a golden rule: 1 source per 1 page. So, a 2500-word article will require 9-10 references .

Try our AI citation generator now and make the process of creating a reference list easier!

🆚 Compare and Contrast 2500 Words Essay Topics

• The similarities and differences between socialism and capitalism.
• Development of medicine in different cultures and eras.
• Compare and contrast the influence of mass media on youth and adults.
• Education of men and women: the key differences.
• Challenges of US and Canadian immigration policies.
• The similarities between utilitarianism and constructivism.
• Greek vs. Roman mythology : differences in gods and myths.
• The contrast in the rituals and practices in Christianity and Islam.
• The environmental impact of fossil fuels vs. nuclear energy.
• Communism vs. democracy: contrast the governance models.
• Compare the pro-life and pro-choice perspectives.
• The causes of the American vs. French Revolution.
• Romanticism and realism in art: similarities and differences.
• Compare and contrast the poetry of Wordsworth and Coleridge.
• Civil rights and feminism: the value of two different social movements.

📝 Argumentative 2500 Words Essay Examples

• Should Animals Be Used in Medical Research? It is therefore possible to use animals while testing the dangers and the toxicity of new drugs and by so doing; it is possible to protect human beings from the dangers that can emanate from […]
• Should a College Education Be Available to All People for Free? Many students are finding it hard to graduate because of financial constraints, even though the government offers financial support.
• Internet Should Be Free From All Government Control A report by the group of eight most developed countries in the world, the G 8, indicates that information and communication technology is one of the most powerful forces that will play a decisive role […]
• People Should Consider Owning a Pet Because Doing So Can Relieve Stress These are great techniques, but the issue of having a pet as a best friend is unique and one of the recently discovered best practices of relieving work-related strains or stress.
• Should Wiretapping Be Allowed? The Fourth Amendment pertains to “The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, will not be violated, and no Warrants will issue, but […]
• Should All Genetically Modified Foods Be Labeled? According to this scholar, members of the public are always comfortable with the idea of not labeling the genetically modified food.
• Is Political Analysis a ‘Scientific’ Enterprise? Should It Be? The fact that the results from studying a variety of governments of a given number of nations limits the probability of obtaining reproducible results and thus limits the study of political science to be classified […]
• Should Dichlorodiphenyl Trichloroethane (DDT) Be Banned Worldwide? The credit for the discovery of the DDT goes to the famous scientist Paul Mueller who has been the first to observe its insecticidal qualities in the year 1939.
• Should Family-Witnessed Resuscitation Be Allowed in the Emergency Department? This section also highlights the instruments that were used in the study and the pilot testing of the instruments. Demir conducted a study to examine the opinions of nurses about family presence during resuscitation.
• Why Should Coca-Cola Change Back to Natural Sugar? In the US, fructose corn syrup is the most used substance in the manufacture of soft drinks as a sweetening ingredient.
• Women Should Be Included in the Military Draft if the President Activates It This means that if there is to be a military draft, whether due to the need of health workers, or the already existing and growing numbers of women in the military, women should definitely be […]
• Candid Camera: Should Trials Be Televised? When there are court proceedings where a defendant is being tried, there usually are questions as to whether the general public should be let to witness the trial as part of the public right to […]
• Should We Reform Laws to Make Divorce Harder? Whenever an application for a divorce is placed before the court system, it is the jurisdiction of any legal authority to deny or authorize the request on the basis of existing laws. In the US, […]
• Why Should Catalonia Gain Independence from Spain? Majority of the province’s income and revenue sources come from the industry and services sector via textiles and other exports, and highly developed tourism that made Catalonia one of the most attractive destinations in Europe […]
• Both Abstinence and Safe Sex Should Be Taught in High Schools Sex education is paramount in modern world of socialization; the rate of teen pregnancy is based on the rise creating an urgent need to educate adolescence and teen concerning the dangers of becoming pregnant.
• How Managers Should Treat Employees It is therefore in the best interest of the manager to ensure that the employees are successful in their tasks. Negative Effects Using punishments will decrease the frequency of the behavior that is causing the […]
• Should Gay Marriages Be Allowed? However, there has been increased advocacy for the definition of marriage to include same-sex unions due to the prevalence of homosexual relationships in the society as well as the overwhelming acceptance of gay relationships in […]

📕 Narrative 2500 Word Essay Topics

• Methods to overcome a publicly embarrassing moment.
• The moment you realized you were unique.
• How does bad friendship help you become a better person?
• The social media post that inspired you the most.
• The power of true teamwork at the workplace.
• Experience that boosted your self-esteem.
• How have you learned to drive?
• Taking a stand against social norms.
• How do you express your personality through fashion?
• The person who helped you set a goal.
• How do you remove a toxic person from your life?
• A movie that mirrors your life.
• Methods to change your relationship with your parents for the better.
• A book that changed your viewpoint on life.
• What does a university degree mean to you?

🏥 Cancer: 2500 Word Essay Examples

• Health Psychology: Going Through a Breast Cancer Diagnosis He is unaware that she has been diagnosed with depression and that she is going for breast screening Stress from work is also a contributing factor to her condition.
• Children With Cancer and Schooling Challenges The rationale for the study was to identify what society has done to meet the social needs of children with cancer.
• Dietary Habits as a Risk Factor of Colorectal Cancer The risks, however, reduce with the adoption of healthy dietary habits, such as the intake of fresh fruits and vegetables. The author advised conducting more qualitative studies on factors affecting the Saudis population to adhere […]
• Cancer Among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander People When compared to non-Indigenous Australians, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people, also known as Indigenous Australians, are disadvantaged across a number of health and socioeconomic indices.
• Cancer Treatment Measures in the Sydney Cancer Center Overall, the study enhanced the proper understanding of the effectiveness through the analysis of the number of health specialists working in the Sydney Cancer Centre and the number of cancer patients attended per day.
• Oesophageal Cancer as a Global Health Concern The incidence of oesophageal cancer is high in various parts of the world, but for the purposes of this paper, China will be the region of focus.
• The Effective Pain Assessment in Patients With Lung Cancer The facilitators to the proper handling of pain in a patient by both patients and the caretakers are enablers while those that hinder the proper management of pain are called barriers to proper pain management. […]
• Lung Cancer Cells Migrating to Other Parts of the Body The case study used progression method to study the rapid movement of adenocarcinoma in the lung cancer for a period of two years.
• Creativity in People With Cancer The template approach of Csikszentmihalyi was used to find out how the ladies forgot their thoughts of cancer and “reprioritized their goals”.
• Motivational Interviewing as a Smoking Cessation Intervention for Patients With Cancer The dependent variable is the cessation of smoking in 3 months of the interventions. The study is based on the author’s belief that cessation of smoking influences cancer-treated patients by improving the efficacy of treatment.
• Lung Cancer Stages, Complications, and Support The purpose of this paper is to describe the diagnosis and staging of cancer, outline its complications, identify the support available to patients, and explain how a background in science and liberal arts is contributing […]
• Cannabis and Cancer Pain Management CBD that is selected as the intervention for the proposed study interacts with the cannabinoid cell receptors on its surface to activate and enhance the response of the nervous system.
• Cancer Alley: Environmental Justice Analysis The name “Cancer Alley” was created, due to the exceptionally high number of industrial and toxic facilities that are located in this area.”The seven-parish industrial corridor has the highest density of petrochemical industries in the […]
• Prostate Cancer Among African Americans in NYC For this reason, the research is supported by the literature review to improve the understanding of the issue and outline the basic aspects of prostate cancer among African Americans.
• Risk Factors, Staging, and Treatment of Breast Cancer This is so because huge amounts of resources have been used in the research and the development of the breast cancer drugs that in effect help the body to combat the cancer by providing additional […]

📌 2500 Word Essay: Answers to the Most Pressing Questions

📌 how many pages is 2500 words essay.

How many pages is a 2500-word essay? It depends on the line spacing. A paper of this length will take 5 pages (single-spaced) or 10 pages (double-spaced). The exact length of your 2500 words will depend on the citation style used, the footnotes, and the bibliography.

📌 How Many Paragraphs Is 2500 Words?

How much is 2500 words in paragraphs? A typical academic paragraph contains 100 to 150 words. So, a 2500-word essay will consist of 17-20 paragraphs.

📌 2500 Words Is How Many Sentences?

How many sentences is a 2500-word essay? A typical sentence in academic writing consists of 15-20 words. So, 2500 words are not less than 125-128 sentences.

📌 How to Write a 2500-Word Paper Outline?

An academic paper of 2500 words is not always an essay. A text of this length is more likely to be a research paper, term paper, or extended essay. An outline for such an assignment is more complicated than that for a standard essay. In addition to the usual parts (introduction, body, and conclusion), you’ll probably need to include other elements like an abstract and methodology. The details will depend on the exact requirements.

📌 How Fast Can You Write a 2500 Word Essay?

How long does it take to write a 2500-word essay? It will take you 50-100 minutes to type 2500 words on your keyboard (the total time will depend on your typing speed). Writing an academic paper will take more time because you’ll have to research, make an outline, write, format, and edit your text. It would be best if you planned to spend around 8 and a half hours for a 2500-word paper.

📌 How Many Body Paragraphs Are in a 2500 Word Essay?

A typical 2500 words essay consists of 21 to 23 paragraphs. Each of the paragraphs should contain 75-150 words.

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How Long is an Essay

How Long is an Essay?

High school essays typically range from 300-1000 words, focusing on a 5-paragraph structure. College admission essays are brief, 200-650 words, showcasing personal interests. Undergraduate essays vary, spanning 1500-5000 words, depending on course and institution specifics. Graduate admissions require more detailed essays of 500-1000 words, while graduate-level essays often extend from 2500-6000 words, reflecting deeper research and analysis.

The question of how long should an essay be– whether you are a pro or not–should come from something OTHER than your liking 💯. 

Sure, you can always follow your heart whenever you want to put your sentiments and purpose into words. It is, however, another truth that there is an external factor that always determines how effective you are as an essayist: the WORD COUNT.

Let us not all lie. No matter how good or bad we are at writing things, word count always matters. This factor may come into play when it becomes one of the criteria for judging one’s written output or a measure of someone’s writing prowess if it is made out of a career. Thus, one thing is for sure: even if it sucks, we always consider how long should an essay be.

But just like any other factor influencing good writing, managing an ideal word count for essays can be quite a breeze. All you have to do is pan out your purpose, know your audience, and be strategic in monitoring your word count. All of the know-how, and many others, will be discussed thoroughly in this blog, so stick around to see the magic!

How Long is an Essay Considering the Factors that I Have to Follow?

Factors everywhere. A good result cannot be determined well and objectively without these factors. Sure enough, good writing, while considering its word count, can be a walk in the park if one considers the following factors that regulate an ideal (or sometimes, required) word count.

Academic essay varies depending on multiple factors. Asking the “WHY” on something provides you with a clear way how you can finish it. In writing, this “why,” which represents your intention or purpose, gives you an outline of how you may navigate the entire process– and manage your word count as well.

Once you have set your writing goals before the writing process, you can prepare the right information that you will inject into the sections of your manuscript, as well as an approach (more than two is fine; do not be shy!) that will serve as your structure. Writers have different purposes– dictated or not, explicit or implicit, thus producing different preferences for word count.

One may have many demands in its purpose, making the word count a bit overboard. Some do not demand that much, translating to a permissible count. One thing is for sure, though: purpose drives your writing journey, so whether you measure your essay length or not, it must be clearly stated on the paper!

When we say that your feelings matter so much in your writing, that has to be minimized considerably because maintaining word count and determining how many words should an essay be sometimes depends on the people who read and use it.

A specific group of people always know what they want in a writing piece– either they like it long and extensive or short yet succinct. With this reality (arguing about it will not give you good marks) in mind, you have to be a sucker for their preferences.

The good thing about this, though, is you already have some ideas on how you will create your piece (versus thinking about it from scratch), and your horizons will widen since you will craft a piece that reflects other people’s liking. A little note when considering the audience as one of your considerations for word count is that they are already giving you a favor.

Nature of the Writing Task

Along with the wish to maintain an average essay word count, you must know WHAT you are writing about. Mostly common among academic institutions, the nature of a writing task may come off as explicit through the name itself (is it a traditional expository essay? A narrative report? A critical essay?) or implicit through the specifications of the task (Should there be an outline to adhere in the task? Should one use a specific structure or approach to the creation of a text?).

Determining how many words should there be in an essay will largely depend on what you are writing about, and the elements and features of these various tasks may shorten or lengthen the word count.

In Studyfy, however, you can see these factors come into play and create a concoction of a text like no other. With a tailor-fit custom essay writing service that offers a variety of academic, business, and personalized research papers that vary in word count depending on your purpose, you can yield personal success in your sheer convenience. 

How Long is an Essay in High School?

In high school, essays typically vary in length based on the assignment type, ranging from 500 to 1500 words for narratives, 800 to 1500 words for expository essays, 500 to 1000 words for reflective essays, and 600 to 1200 words for process essays. Always follow your teacher's guidelines.

High school is the period in education where students’ lower and higher-order thinking skills (LOTS/HOTS) are put into practice, and essays and other related written tasks are manifestations of their learning of these skills.

Although there is a tendency for students to ask someone “to write an essay for me ” because of being overwhelmed with too much information, writing an essay in high school is the best starting point for students to practice writing and presenting information by counting what is important and relevant.

The following is the list of common essay types and their ideal word count:

Narrative Essays

Its primary purpose is to narrate a specific event or describe a scenario using quotations, vivid descriptions, and imagery to convey the situation in writing accurately. Although adjectives, literary devices, and other strategies for vivid conveyance may mean a considerable amount of words to be injected into the piece, the essay length of a narrative text may range from 500-1500 words. 

Expository Essays

Typically following the traditional and rigid 5-paragraph format, these essays present information about a topic or clarify a particular concept, phenomenon, or entity. While some sources may put the count range from 300-1000 words, the extensiveness of this essay type may enlarge the range from 800-1500 words.

Reflective Essays

Also known as reflection entries, these essays are beneficial for developing students’ metacognitive skills, as they are expected to recall personal thoughts and experiences about a certain topic. A typical reflective essay falls within the range of 500-1000 words, depending on how downright or deep your reflection is. 

Process Essay

These kinds of essays are pretty common in Science courses, such as Biology, Chemistry, and Physics. Sometimes, coupled with a diagram or chart, a process essay explains how a certain practice, concept, or phenomenon happens step-by-step.

While some process essays may be words because some steps have to be elaborated for clarity, most are straightforward and do not need to be intricate since they are practical and mass-oriented. Because of this, process essays range from 600-1200 words.

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How Long is an Essay in College? Ideal Essay Length and Word Count

In college, essay lengths vary widely. Admission essays are typically 200-650 words, undergraduate essays range from 1500-5000 words, graduate admission essays are around 500-1000 words, and graduate-level essays can span 2500-6000 words. Always adhere to your assignment's specific word count guidelines.

To say that the essays in college get a lot more difficult than in high school, well– it is more complicated than that. Now that you are expected to have harnessed the necessary skills to process and interpret certain information, you now have to deal with types of writing tasks that are often extensive and time-consuming, to say the least.

Admission Essay

Impressing the admissions committee with a personalized essay is the number one goal, and guess what: You do not need a long string of words to do that. How long should essays be without using too many words in a college acceptance letter?

An admission college essay can be as short as a word count of 200-650 words, while graduate admission letters are more detailed with 500-1000 words. A quick tip: Show your personality and make an impact by clinching them with a few yet powerful or attention-catching quips. 

Critical Review Essay

Critiquing a text, film, book, or any other body of literature may require every bit of your research effort and HOTS. You have to dissect the subject into components and make sense of these components while making sure that you find gaps, associations, and relevance to a particular “lens” that helps a seemingly oblivious observation to become apparent.

It is thus safe to say that your word count may go bonkers, with an ideal range of 1500 to 3000 words, depending on the structure of your paper and the approach to criticism.

Persuasive Academic Essay

A persuasive college essay may land you a good harnessing of marketing and sales skills. This essay enables you to take a stand and advocate something for your audience to do the same thing by presenting credible and evidence-based claims and arguments.

A unique thing about persuasive college essays is that they use the technique called “Call to Action” to magically turn readers’ attention to your claim realistically and feasibly. Considering the elements that must be included in this essay, an 800-1500 word count is preferred.

Comparative Analysis Essay

Comparing and contrasting two ideas, phenomena, or concepts may take a while to provide total comprehensibility. Since the points of comparison may exceed the usual threshold, the word count may also swell up. Still dependent on the elements being compared in this analysis essay, the ideal word count is 1800-3000 words.

This writing task encapsulates the various documentation, research, and analysis of a specific case or scenario, most preferably something peculiar or novel. When creating a case study, it is somewhat impossible to be concise in describing the locale of the scenario.

You have to exhaust your vocabulary and presentation skills to convey the case into analysis effectively. With that being said, its ideal word count is 2000 to 3500 words, depending on the case’s complexity.

College Essays: Help is Near

College writeups can be difficult to do, and to pay for an essay may take a bit of shame and courage. However, the feeling of shame will change to relief if you know that a custom writing service that serves personal writing style and needs like Studyfy gets everything covered.

All of the specifications you need to be in the write-up, plus the necessary information that is pivotal to the success of your paper, will be yours if you sign up for a Studyfy service!

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FAQs: How Long Should An Essay Be?

How long is a typical essay if you will be using the ibc format.

IBC format, for starters, is the basic “Introduction-Body-Conclusion” format conventionally used for essays. Just like the IMRAD format in research papers, this format is standardized and widely accepted in academic institutions and other fields.

To determine the typical word count of an essay following this format, you must understand the weight of relevance each section holds. For instance, it is typical for an introduction to weigh less than the body, which should habituate the most significant information in the essay.

The same goes for conclusion. If the IBC format follows a 20-60-20 ratio and you aim for a 150-word minimum count per section, the entire count can be 750 words minimum.

How long are essays in college, considering that it will be a lot more difficult to write one?

Difficulty may translate to a longer word count, and we understand if it has been kept as a notion in your experience as a current or future college student. If you keenly noticed the type of essays presented at the collegiate level, the minimum word count is 250 (for admission essays) while the maximum is 3500 (mostly common among case studies).

Regularly, however, typical essay writing tasks range from 800-1000 words, especially if you are talking about concept, term, or research papers that are being done at the end of a unit of work or as a terminal course requirement.

Whether an undergraduate college essay, research paper, graduate school essays, or any type of academic writing, it's important to adhere to a specific word count and word limit. As college essays tend to be lengthy, an additional challenge is to incorporate all relevant information in a clear and succinct way.

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‍ How many words should an essay have if I wanted to fill an entire page?

Although this question is a bit practical and unhinged at the same time, we are also guilty about this, as we seldom check the word count of our paper when we finish a page. From our experience, you can fit 500-700 words in a page, but the count still depends on the font size, spacing, justification, and other formatting elements of your document. 

How long is an essay supposed to be in one paragraph?

The answer is invariable since we have to consider lots of factors about the purpose and nature of the writing task. From a general approximation, however, an essay paragraph can be within a hundred words. Exceeding it may render it lengthy and too tiring to read.

How many words should a high school essay be if no one provided an outline to adhere to?

When there is no explicit instruction about the word count of a high school essay task, you might find the 150-word minimum rule per section handy, in consonance with the 20-60-20 rule discussed briefly in the first question (although this is widely used if you are following the IBC format). You may adjust the minimum word limit depending on the difficulty or nature of the task.

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Sat / act prep online guides and tips, the best college essay length: how long should it be.

College Essays

Figuring out your college essay can be one of the most difficult parts of applying to college. Even once you've read the prompt and picked a topic, you might wonder: if you write too much or too little, will you blow your chance of admission? How long should a college essay be?

Whether you're a terse writer or a loquacious one, we can advise you on college essay length. In this guide, we'll cover what the standard college essay length is, how much word limits matter, and what to do if you aren't sure how long a specific essay should be.

How Long Is a College Essay? First, Check the Word Limit

You might be used to turning in your writing assignments on a page-limit basis (for example, a 10-page paper). While some colleges provide page limits for their college essays, most use a word limit instead. This makes sure there's a standard length for all the essays that a college receives, regardless of formatting or font.

In the simplest terms, your college essay should be pretty close to, but not exceeding, the word limit in length. Think within 50 words as the lower bound, with the word limit as the upper bound. So for a 500-word limit essay, try to get somewhere between 450-500 words. If they give you a range, stay within that range.

College essay prompts usually provide the word limit right in the prompt or in the instructions.

For example, the University of Illinois says :

"You'll answer two to three prompts as part of your application. The questions you'll answer will depend on whether you're applying to a major or to our undeclared program , and if you've selected a second choice . Each response should be approximately 150 words."

As exemplified by the University of Illinois, the shortest word limits for college essays are usually around 150 words (less than half a single-spaced page). Rarely will you see a word limit higher than around 650 words (over one single-spaced page). College essays are usually pretty short: between 150 and 650 words. Admissions officers have to read a lot of them, after all!

Weigh your words carefully, because they are limited!

How Flexible Is the Word Limit?

But how flexible is the word limit? What if your poignant anecdote is just 10 words too long—or 100 too short?

Can I Go Over the Word Limit?

If you are attaching a document and you need one or two extra words, you can probably get away with exceeding the word limit by such a small amount. Some colleges will actually tell you that exceeding the word limit by 1-2 words is fine. However, I advise against exceeding the word limit unless it's explicitly allowed for a few reasons:

First, you might not be able to. If you have to copy-paste it into a text box, your essay might get cut off and you'll have to trim it down anyway.

If you exceed the word limit in a noticeable way, the admissions counselor may just stop reading your essay past that point. This is not good for you.

Following directions is actually a very important part of the college application process. You need to follow directions to get your letters of recommendation, upload your essays, send supplemental materials, get your test scores sent, and so on and so forth. So it's just a good general rule to follow whatever instructions you've been given by the institution. Better safe than sorry!

Can I Go Under the Word Limit?

If you can truly get your point across well beneath the word limit, it's probably fine. Brevity is not necessarily a bad thing in writing just so long as you are clear, cogent, and communicate what you want to.

However, most college essays have pretty tight word limits anyways. So if you're writing 300 words for an essay with a 500-word limit, ask yourself: is there anything more you could say to elaborate on or support your points? Consult with a parent, friend, or teacher on where you could elaborate with more detail or expand your points.

Also, if the college gives you a word range, you absolutely need to at least hit the bottom end of the range. So if you get a range from the institution, like 400-500 words, you need to write at least 400 words. If you write less, it will come across like you have nothing to say, which is not an impression you want to give.

What If There Is No Word Limit?

Some colleges don't give you a word limit for one or more of your essay prompts. This can be a little stressful, but the prompts generally fall into a few categories:

Writing Sample

Some colleges don't provide a hard-and-fast word limit because they want a writing sample from one of your classes. In this case, a word limit would be very limiting to you in terms of which assignments you could select from.

For an example of this kind of prompt, check out essay Option B at Amherst :

"Submit a graded paper from your junior or senior year that best represents your writing skills and analytical abilities. We are particularly interested in your ability to construct a tightly reasoned, persuasive argument that calls upon literary, sociological or historical evidence. You should NOT submit a laboratory report, journal entry, creative writing sample or in-class essay."

While there is usually no word limit per se, colleges sometimes provide a general page guideline for writing samples. In the FAQ for Option B , Amherst clarifies, "There is no hard-and-fast rule for official page limit. Typically, we anticipate a paper of 4-5 pages will provide adequate length to demonstrate your analytical abilities. Somewhat longer papers can also be submitted, but in most cases should not exceed 8-10 pages."

So even though there's no word limit, they'd like somewhere in the 4-10 pages range. High school students are not usually writing papers that are longer than 10 pages anyways, so that isn't very limiting.

Implicit Length Guideline

Sometimes, while there's no word (or even page) limit, there's still an implicit length guideline. What do I mean by this?

See, for example, this Western Washington University prompt :

“Describe one or more activities you have been involved in that have been particularly meaningful. What does your involvement say about the communities, identities or causes that are important to you?”

While there’s no page or word limit listed here, further down on page the ‘essay tips’ section explains that “ most essay responses are about 500 words, ” though “this is only a recommendation, not a firm limit.” This gives you an idea of what’s reasonable. A little longer or shorter than 500 words would be appropriate here. That’s what I mean by an “implicit” word limit—there is a reasonable length you could go to within the boundaries of the prompt.

But what's the proper coffee-to-paragraph ratio?

Treasure Hunt

There is also the classic "treasure hunt" prompt. No, it's not a prompt about a treasure hunt. It's a prompt where there are no length guidelines given, but if you hunt around on the rest of the website you can find length guidelines.

For example, the University of Chicago provides seven "Extended Essay" prompts . You must write an essay in response to one prompt of your choosing, but nowhere on the page is there any guidance about word count or page limit.

However, many colleges provide additional details about their expectations for application materials, including essays, on FAQ pages, which is true of the University of Chicago. On the school’s admissions Frequently Asked Questions page , they provide the following length guidelines for the supplemental essays: 

“We suggest that you note any word limits for Coalition or Common Application essays; however, there are no strict word limits on the UChicago Supplement essays. For the extended essay (where you choose one of several prompts), we suggest that you aim for around 650 words. While we won't, as a rule, stop reading after 650 words, we're only human and cannot promise that an overly wordy essay will hold our attention indefinitely. For the “Why UChicago?” essay, we suggest about 250-500 words. The ideas in your writing matter more than the exact number of words you use!”

So there you go! You want to be (loosely) in the realm of 650 for the extended essay, and 250-500 words for the “Why UChicago?” essay.

Help! There Really Is No Guidance on Length

If you really can't find any length guidelines anywhere on the admissions website and you're at a loss, I advise calling the admissions office. They may not be able to give you an exact number (in fact, they probably won't), but they will probably at least be able to tell you how long most of the essays they see are. (And keep you from writing a panicked, 20-page dissertation about your relationship with your dog).

In general, 500 words or so is pretty safe for a college essay. It's a fairly standard word limit length, in fact. (And if you're wondering, that's about a page and a half double-spaced.) 500 words is long enough to develop a basic idea while still getting a point across quickly—important when admissions counselors have thousands of essays to read!

"See? It says 500 words right there in tiny font!"

The Final Word: How Long Should a College Essay Be?

The best college essay length is usually pretty straightforward: you want to be right under or at the provided word limit. If you go substantially past the word limit, you risk having your essay cut off by an online application form or having the admissions officer just not finish it. And if you're too far under the word limit, you may not be elaborating enough.

What if there is no word limit? Then how long should a college essay be? In general, around 500 words is a pretty safe approximate word amount for a college essay—it's one of the most common word limits, after all!

Here's guidance for special cases and hunting down word limits:

If it's a writing sample of your graded academic work, the length either doesn't matter or there should be some loose page guidelines.

There also may be implicit length guidelines. For example, if a prompt says to write three paragraphs, you'll know that writing six sentences is definitely too short, and two single-spaced pages is definitely too long.

You might not be able to find length guidelines in the prompt, but you could still hunt them up elsewhere on the website. Try checking FAQs or googling your chosen school name with "admissions essay word limit."

If there really is no word limit, you can call the school to try to get some guidance.

With this advice, you can be sure you've got the right college essay length on lockdown!

Hey, writing about yourself can even be fun!

What's Next?

Need to ask a teacher or friend for help with your essay? See our do's and dont's to getting college essay advice .

If you're lacking in essay inspiration, see our guide to brainstorming college essay ideas . And here's our guide to starting out your essay perfectly!

Looking for college essay examples? See 11 places to find college essay examples and 145 essay examples with analysis !

Ellen has extensive education mentorship experience and is deeply committed to helping students succeed in all areas of life. She received a BA from Harvard in Folklore and Mythology and is currently pursuing graduate studies at Columbia University.

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Free 2500 Words Essay Examples

A paper of 2500 words is a typical assignment in high school and college. A 2500-word essay can be focused on a wide range of topics, such as the effects of social media on one’s mental health, the relationship between crime rates and race in the US, etc.

As a rule, you will need to conduct research to write a 2500 words essay. The keys to success are: a well-formulated thesis, a good structure, and an extensive list of reliable sources used. Check free 2500-word essay examples on this page to get inspired!

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How long is a 2500 words essay.

A 2500 words essay would typically be about 10 pages long, assuming it is double-spaced and written with a standard font (Arial or Times New Roman) in 12-point size. If the text is single-spaced, it will be twice shorter. Other factors that influence the 2500-word essay length are formatting and paragraph structure.

How Many Paragraphs Is a 2500 Words Essay?

How many paragraphs are there in a 2500 words essay? A paper of such a length would contain 25 to 26 paragraphs. This works for an academic writing assignment because a typical paragraph there is about 100 words long.

How Long Does It Take to Write a 2500 Words Essay?

It usually takes 50 minutes to an hour and a half to type a text of this length on your keyboard at an average speed. However, if you are assigned a 2500 words essay, it is going to take much more time, as you will need to conduct research, study the sources, and plan your paper. Writing a solid essay of 2500 words will take about 8 hours 20 minutes.

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Introduction Human history knows few wars that have resulted in no casualties – and most of these were wars in name only. Most conflicts feature casualties that may range from not particularly significant in the grand scheme of things and almost negligible when compared to populations involved to colossal. Yet...

Role of BSN Students in the Promotion of Health

Course Overview: The course aims to introduce BSN students to their role in the promotion of health in the community. This outline will concentrate mainly on learning to think objectively and address healthcare professionals’ roles in the communities. Learners will be exposed to various cultures and health gaps in the...

“The Lottery” and “The Jilting of Granny Weatherall”: Books Analysis

“The Lottery” The topic of human estrangement and irresponsiveness to the others’ suffering is one of the issues attracting both general minds and creative genius. What is better, a steady observance of ancient traditions and norms, or a flexible attitude to standards, depending on the level of their humanity or...

Education in Africa

Abstract Education is crucial in improving communities and society in general. However, not every individual gets the opportunity to go through formal learning process due to various reasons. The problem with the quality of education in Africa is the fact that it houses developing countries. Consequently, challenges such as poverty,...

The Eye of Avant-Garde and Avant-Garde Fashion

Although the term Avant Garde literally means ‘before the troops’, the actual movement it describes gives more of an impression of abandoning the troops, and leaving them far behind, in real life. The Avant Garde as a term to describe art was first used in the early decades of the...

Advantages and Disadvantages of Homeschooling

Introduction Homeschooling in this research is referred to as an educational process involving personalized children, or a child, instruction by the parent or teacher for necessary living skills as well as academic study courses. It includes learning at home or in other places instead of school and is mostly done...

Bilingual Education in the USA

Introduction Bilingual education in the United States refers to a school system where instructions in the classroom are given in two languages: English and any other language. Some of the languages offered include Chinese, French, and Spanish. The United States has a diverse population comprised of people from several ethnic...

Perceived Values of Generation X

Generation X are likely to self-report higher self-transcendence values compared to how generation Y and baby boomers report the same self-transcendence values of Generation X. In addition, Generation X will report higher Self-Enhancement values compared to Generation Y and baby boomers perceptions of Generation X’s self enhancement values. This paper...

Abolishment of Slavery: Ideological Motivations

Introduction Britain at one point was considered the main nation where slave trade was one of the lucrative businesses. The business was conducted across all classes of people irrespective of their status. They considered slavery as one of the means through which they contributed to nation building. This led to...

Business Law: Intellectual Property in the UAE

Introduction The UAE is a member of various global conventions on intellectual property rights including Madrid and PCT (Patent Cooperation Treaty). This membership reveals the wide recognition of the purpose and the need for protection of international IP rights of other nations in the global marketplace. In the UAE, registration...

Fitzgerald and His Notion of a Hero in “The Beautiful and Damned”

Introduction F. Scott Fitzgerald, in all his novels, recounts the problems that were inherent in the American dream in the aftermath of the Civil War. The style and depiction of the characters in his fictional stories embody the American experience and identity. He criticises the American dream by depicting the...

The Behaviour of the Young towards Luxury Products

Consumption behavior of youths towards luxury product is influenced by a number of factors. The factors that influence consumption of luxury product among the youths is quite similar to that of the elders. Although the product demanded among the youth and elderly the consumption behavior are similar take for example...

Atomic Power as a Renewable Energy Source

Introduction Nuclear energy is the future of energy and the only sustainable source that will never be limited. The increasing population and depleting energy resources have urged scientists to look for sustainable energy sources. Petroleum, gas, and other sources of energy will be extinct in the coming 100 years or...

Game of Thrones: Cripples, Bastards, and Broken Things

Society tends to shape the way people perceive things and consequently how they react to them. For instance, the act of taking something that belongs to another person without his or her permission is known as stealing and in society’s eyes, it is wrong and by extension illegal. This perception...

Morality of Investigative Reporting and Misrepresentation

In the course of investigative reporting, the journalist can indulge in dubious practices such as faking identity, hiding identity, and undertaking jobs under pretenses. Whether such actions can be considered morally right is a widely debated question. Journalists must seek the truth and report it as completely as possible. As...

Strategic Vision and Planning Importance for Effective Project Management System

Introduction Strategic vision and planning are important elements of any project which determine the project outcomes. The development of effective project management becomes important in the maintenance of human relationships and ensuring the physical well-being of employees so that they give the maximum contri­bution to efficient working. Historically, project success...

The American Criminal Justice System and Violent Crimes

Criminal justice in the United States of America has certainly been through some of its more tumultuous times in recent years. With violent crime on the rise, finger pointers have found a new prey, the media. Through viewing graphic images from the media, some experts have argued, individuals are more...

Researching Sickle-Cell Disease

Abstract Sickle cell disease (SCD) is an inherited genetic disorder that arises from a single nucleotide polymorphism in the beta-globin gene. The resultant change of amino acid in the globin part affects the stability of the protein, which leads to the polymerization of two beta-globin chains of adjacent molecules. The...

Women in History and Different Religions

Women in Early Christianity In ancient Christianity, women played a significant role in the ministry. The pioneer of women’s increase in Christianity was Mary, the mother of Jesus. She was conceived as a virgin by the Holy Spirit and eventually gave birth to The Messiah. She was betrothed to Joseph,...

9/11 and Change in the Dynamics of Immigration

Introduction In recent history, September 11, 2001, is memorable because of the terrorist attack on American land. The incident was coordinated and executed by the Al-Qaeda terrorist organization. Four passenger jetliners were hijacked and crashed in different U.S. locations, which resulted in many deaths. The major attack took place in...

“The Effects of Foreign Language Anxiety on EFL Learners” by Rassaei

Research in language learning and acquisition is a significant part of applied linguistics. Foreign language anxiety is among the most popular subjects of study in this field since it affects language learners’ attitudes and progress. A study by Rassaei (2015) focused on the impact of oral corrective feedback on L2...

Domestic Violence and Elderly Abuse

Introduction The problem of domestic and elderly abuse remains one of the most urgent in the modern world. This is explained by the globally increased cruelty. Fear is one of the main factors which allows people to commit domestic crimes. There are several types of domestic violence and elderly abuse,...

Emotional and Cognitive Basis of Anxiety in Autism

Symptoms of anxiety commonly co-occur in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) adding extra burden to people already suffering from this condition. According to Bejerot, Eriksson, and Mörtberg (2014), close to 50 percent of people diagnosed with ASD have reported significant levels of anxiety, which affects their day-to-day functioning. Even in cases...

The Involvement of Victims in Criminal Law Process between Islamic Law and International Law

Abstract This proposal is going to explore the involvement of victims in criminal law. Under this discussion the analysis will be centered on the law process between international law and Islamic law. An in-depth analysis of this report has been widely explored under the following paragraphs. This is done with...

Canned Spam Act – Impact on Consumers

Introduction The use of e-mail services has greatly revolutionized the society in numerous areas. In the process, this usage has created its share of new difficulties, such as the influx of spam. According to Arora (2006), spam may be defined as unsolicited email, often of a commercial nature, sent indiscriminately...

Social Theories Related to Community Trauma and Gang Violence

When analyzing the reasons why adolescents from poor communities who have experienced trauma engage in gang violence, it is crucial to look at the problem through the lens of social theories. There is a variety of frameworks that might be useful to investigate the research question, but some of them...

The Efficiency of Repeated Reading in Education

Introduction Achieving grade-specific reading comprehension and fluency is among the essential skills that schoolchildren learn, although many experience difficulties with the task, either because of a disorder, a disability, or because they need more time and practice to master reading. Repeated reading (RR) is a method that can be used...

Burnout in Special Education Teachers

Background and Introduction Being the largest state in the Middle East, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is proud of its fast social and economic development and growth. At the same time, there are still some aspects in which the state does not succeed. Unfortunately, special education and support services for...

Effect of Deregulation on the US Airline Industry

Abstract Airline deregulation in the United States was established to correct the market defects caused by the government’s direct control over the aviation industry. Original practices in the industry were eliminated paving way for lower fares charged by carriers. The barriers to the market were broken creating a free entry...

Fashion Trend Forecasting in Kazakhstan

The research purpose Probably, the Kazakhstan designers follow fashionable tendencies or they have their own source of inspiration. To determine where they get their inspirations to design and forecast trends, the study will perform the following tasks: Analyzing the main definitions of fashion and fashionable tendencies To reveal the nature...

The International Commercial Arbitration: Its Advantages and Disadvantages

Introduction According to some scholarly writings, international commercial arbitration has become a preferred means of settling international commercial disputes. In this regard, these scholarly works suggest that international commercial arbitration has several advantages over the domestic court systems. This paper shall explore whether or not international commercial arbitration has become...

Intellectual Property Law Analysis

Introduction According to Shippey (2009, p.1) an Intellectual Property (IP) refers to a product of the mind. Intellectual properties are unique in that they are a product of creativity and inventiveness. They can either be represented by images, artistic works, images inventions, names, symbols, and designs that are used in...

Crime Prevention Through Social Development

The most common method used to deter crime is the combined efforts of law enforcement agencies and the judiciary. In an ideal situation, these two forces create a deterrent that reduces the number of criminals in the streets and at the same time, creates fear in the hearts and minds...

Importance of Improving Digital Divide Between All Countries of Different Socio-Economic Climates

Introduction Digital divide is a concept used to describe the disparity between individuals, families, businesses, and geographic regions at poles apart socio-economic levels. This is with reference to their prospects in accessing information and communication technologies (ICT’s), as well as their utility of the internet for an extensive variety of...

Polygamy in the Muslim Culture Context

Introduction The polygamy issue appears weird in the Christian communities and the reaction is always violent. Normally, polygamy is treated with horror and unanimous revulsion in Christian communities. Polygamy is the practice whereby a man marries many wives at the same time (Mensch, 2003). In principle, there exist three polygamy...

Research Methods in IAQ Overview

Research methods Survey methods are used when one plans on collecting descriptive information. They may be structured, unstructured, direct, or indirect. Researchers can use the survey method, through questionnaires and interviews, to collect data about various variables. One then uses analytical techniques to make inferences between the variables (McBurney &...

Global Warming at Australia: Environmental Health

Introduction The environment is very delicate and needs protection if it is expected to help sustain humanity. Global warming is an issue that has raised a lot of concern globally. The developed countries, especially China and the United States, have been identified to be the leading countries where greenhouse gases...

Car Manufacturing and Business Ethics in Japan

Introduction The concept of corporate social responsibility (CSR) may be adopted in different places because of different reasons. It emerged in the European nations towards the end of the 1990s. Its main objective was to resolve social problems such as unemployment, especially amongst young people in a bid to enhance...

Laws That Govern Corporate Governance in Australia

The underlying structure of relationships and operations that compel directors to operate accordingly is called corporate governance. Corporate governance includes the mechanism, processes, structure, rights and responsibilities of the investors, directions, regulator and stakeholder. The features of corporate governance include fair treatment among investors and stakeholders, responsibilities of chief executives,...

Vicious Circle of Poverty in Brazil

Introduction The prevalence of poverty in many areas of the developing world has transformed little in the past years. About 70 percent of the rural populations of Asia, Africa, and Latin America live in poverty (Dunand, 1992). According to Katel, Kregel, and Reinert (2009, p. 102), the vicious circle of...

History of Fourth Amendment

Introduction What makes the United States criminal justice system to be effective? The United States criminal justice system is termed as one of the most advanced criminal justice systems in the world because of the nature of criminal justice legislation. The Fourth Amendment is one of the legislations that seek...

Teacher Turnover: The Role of Leadership

Introduction The previous question of the role of leadership in influencing teacher turnover presented a large scholarly body of knowledge on leadership theories or styles that are likely to produce positive results concerning turnover management. However, only the contingency, transactional, and transformational leadership theories were discussed. It concluded that their...

Security of the SCADA System

Introduction The advent of new technologies that support enhanced communication has greatly influenced the manner in which sharing of information occurs within modern industries. In modern industrial practices, Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) system has been an imperative program in data acquisition and control because it supports system operations....

Ethanol as the Primary Biofuel in Many Countries

Introduction The modern world relies on huge amounts of energy to sustain itself. For decades, the energy demands of the world have been met primarily by fossil fuels. However, this major energy source will not be able to meet the energy demands of the world for an indefinite period of...

Role of Mobile Commerce

Introduction Since the invention of mobile phones, man’s life has tremendously changed. This change has been evidenced through several ways, with the most common change being personal relationships (Gs1 1). However, overall, mobile phones have enabled people to have more freedom to do whatever they please and at whatever time...

Evolution of Dogs

Background The dog (Canis familiaris) is a tame form of the Gray Wolf from which it evolved tens of thousands of years ago. The Gray Wolf is a part of the Canidae family of the order Carnivora. It is generally accepted that the dog is man’s oldest friend, a friendship...

New and Innovative Construction Materials and Methods

The construction industry uses more natural resources than any other industry world over. However, continuous use of natural resources results in environmental degradation. Currently, there are measures in all industries meant to control the usage of such resources in order to enhance environmental sustainability. Just like other industries, the construction...

The Future of the Juvenile Justice System

Introduction This report is a presentation made by JRA & Consultants regarding the future of the Juvenile Justice System. A juvenile can be defined as a person who is below a specific age and commits criminal offenses. In some states, a juvenile is a person who is below 16 years...

Computer and Network Architecture

Summary This paper takes us through computer systems architecture and the constituent components that make up a computer. It introduces us to the functions of the hardware parts of a computer and how each part of a computer system work. Ideally, computer architecture constitutes hardware that acts as a platform...

Cell Phone and Its Impact From Personal Experience

The cell phone is one of the most recent developments in the technology sector. It is an electronic device that was mainly used for communication between people; however, from the advancement in technology many other purposes including entertainment, security, and commerce use have been developed. The reason I chose the...

Australian Employment Relations

Introduction The history of labor relations in Australia is very complex. Since the early 1990s, there have been numerous legislations that have impacted differently on labor relations in this country. The work choices reforms act was the dominant legislation in the industrial relations field in 2005 when the Howard government...

The Technology Behind Bing Maps

Bing Maps was developed by Microsoft in response to the business threat posed by Google who also offer Google Earth Pro, for the visualization and mapping of much of the world using satellite imaging from low- and medium-Earth orbit satellites. The main competitor to Google Earth is Bing Maps which was...

Industrial Relations Laws in United Kingdom

Introduction The industrial relation system in United Kingdom has been portrayed by intentional associations among the social partners, without or with less state involvement or interference. In19th century when the country was still under the process of industrialization and political culture which was liberal enabled trade unions to combine their...

Female Serial Killer: Aileen Wuornos

Introduction For many years serial killers have been there, killing many unsuspecting victims. Despite serial killers being there for quite a long time, a distinctive definition of serial killing is relatively new. Many of the known serial killers are men. Serial killings are some of the controversial crimes in criminology....

The Evolution of Insect Wings in Relation to Environmental Changes

Introduction The question of insect wings evolution has always been controversial in the field of evolution. It is interesting especially since fossil evidence for winged insects remain full of missing links. The evolution of wings in different species of insects is based on their biological ancestry and adaptation to the...

Ocean Wave Energy Technologies

Energy It is quite hard to understand or to define exactly what energy is. However, it is scientifically agreed that energy is the power manifested in changing things from one form or state to another, or the ability to perform or do work. For instance, to walk from a lecture...

The Holy Spirit: Activating God’s Power in Your Life by Graham

Book Review Many Christians are confused and uninformed about the Holy Spirit, despite the availability of many works of literature addressing this subject. The implication is, people, do not know the role and essence that He plays in the redemption of humankind. The bible indicates that when Jesus was about...

The Role of IT in the Business Process

Introduction A business process can be defined as a set of activities that are implemented to ensure the provision of a product or service for an organization’s customers. Organizations implement a number of processes in order to ensure that their business is run successfully, however, there is always a need...

Child Poverty in Canada Problem Analysis

Introduction to child poverty in Canada Many people have made the mistake of assuming that only people living in third-world developing countries face the challenge of child poverty. However, sadly, in reality, it is not so. Canada, which promises equality to its entire population, has been facing the problem of...

Systems Acquisition and Implementation Management

Introduction To determine the directional influence of particular information systems on organizational decision-making, it is necessary to look at associated cost-reduction effects. Organizations like THM Corporation can employ new information systems to allow the cost-reduction effect to work in the direction of either centralization or decentralization. For example, the implementation...

Domestic Traveller’s Planning Tool in New Zealand

Introduction This dissertation defines a market-driven interactive portal that fulfils multiple interrelated objectives. The first, over-arching goal is to allow ‘Kiwi Airline’ to penetrate the domestic air travel market in New Zealand. One viable strategy in pursuit of this goal requires gaining presence in media that reach all relevant target...

The Colonial Legacy of the Offenses Against the Person Act in Jamaica

Introduction Colonial legacy has left significant marks on societies of numerous nations. One of the most prevalent colonial laws was the Offences Against the Person Act of 1861 passed by the United Kingdom Parliament and adopted by British colonies around the world in the following years. This paper will examine...

Women’s Rights Movements During the Reconstruction Period

Introduction The end of the Civil War became a turning point in America’s history since it contributed to the advancement of the civil rights of those who had been discriminated against. The new amendments to the U.S. Constitution abolished slavery and provided men with the right to vote regardless of...

Anaplasma Phagocytophilum and Tick Genes Analysis

Anaplasma phagocytophilum, the contributing agent of human granulocytic anaplasmosis and tick-borne fever, is the recently renamed obligate intracellular bacterium following the restructuring of the families Rickettsiaceae and Anaplasmataceae in the order Rickettsiaceae. It causes disease in humans, horses, dogs, and ruminants. This name was given replacing three species of granulocytic...

My Ability to Convey Verbal Messages: Personal Experiences

Introduction Verbal messages are messages that are transmitted orally from one party to another. Oral simply means by word of mouth. As part of the overall course objectives, I decided to make deliberate attempts to uplift my ability to convey my verbal message after having realized that I had a...

Why Juveniles Should be Waived to Adult Courts

Introduction Human civilization has from ancient times acknowledged the fact that children are the future of the present civilization. Our modern era also believes in these ideals and this being the case, our society has always strived to ensure that children and the youth are given the best opportunity to...

The Effect of Divorce on Children

Introduction The process of separation between couples is often characterized by pain and anger often expressed against each other. In extreme cases, violence may erupt leading to physical and mental frustration including body harm. In such instances the most forgotten people are the children who are often used as pawns...

Agile Project Management

Abstract The business environment in which organizations operate today is always changing, and it is becoming more and more complex. Organizations, both private and public, feel increasing pressures that force them to respond quickly to changing conditions and to be innovative in the way that they operate. Ever since the...

Structure and Flow - Skills Guide

Essay structure.

• Paragraph Structure
• Creating Flow
• YouTube Playlist This link opens in a new window
• Audio Playlist
• Downloadable Resources
• Further Reading

Introduction

What is a good structure?

A good structure to your academic work is vital to make it understandable, easy to read and engaging. An essay or report tells a story, so as any good story does, it needs a beginning, a middle and an end. It's not just the work as a whole that needs structure but your paragraphs too. This section includes guidance on how to create a good overall essay structure. For more information about creating structure for your individual paragraphs see our paragraph structure guide .

Why do I need to learn structure?

To gain good marks and fulfil the learning outcomes of your assignments, you need to demonstrate that you understand the concepts and the work that you have used to form your argument. Structure also ensures that:

• you avoid repeating yourself
• you include information that leads from one concept to another
• you show understanding of your thought process
• you don't forget a piece of information along the way

How do I use structure?

The basic structure of any academic work looks something like this:

• Title/Question
• Introduction (approx. 10% of the word count)
• Main body - development of argument (approx. 80% of the word count)
• Conclusion (approx. 10% of the word count)
• References/Bibliography

Creating sections helps you to plan how much you need to write on each area. This breaks the task down into smaller chunks.

For example:

Essay word count - 3,000 words Introduction - 300 words Main body - 2,400 words Conclusion - 300 words

If your subject has three major themes you can then break the main body down again:

Essay word count - 3,000 words Introduction - 300 words Main body - 2,400 words (theme 1 - 800 words; theme 2 - 800 words; theme 3 - 800 words) Conclusion - 300 words

This is not a precise rule; you can adjust the word counts to accommodate where more emphasis is needed or not, but it can be used to break a large word count into manageable sections.

Structure Resources

• Essay planning table
• Point, Evidence, Explain Example
• Academic Language at Level 6
• Words to Create Flow

Structure and Planning Podcast

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Home — Free Essays — 2500 Words — 2500

2500-Word Essay Examples

Exploring perspectives of death of the author.

Roland Barthes was a French critic and thinker. He wrote the essay “Death of the Author” in 1967. It is a deeply provocative and persuasive article and makes immense advancement and changes within the field of literary criticism Roland Barthes says in his essay The…

A Beacon of Caribbean Culture and Identity

Beryl McBurnie is a Caribbean figure who has contributed greatly to Caribbean culture and identity. The text, Beryl McBurnie, is written by Judy Raymond, a senior journalist and editor based in Trinidad. She is currently editor in chief at the Trinidad and Tobago Newsday. The…

A Heuristic Evaluation Approach with a Case Study of University of Sialkot Website

Abstract— this research will indicate the degree of usability of a web interface. Using a case study of University of Sialkot official website. The usability of such a website displaying content for millions of users is very important to maintain because of its high usability….

Digital Transformation in the Hospitality Sector

It has been close to fifty years since the commercial use of internet began and during this course of time, the businesses have changed at a remarkable pace all around. In today’s digital world (Verhoef et al., 2017) marketing and communication through internet has become highly important…

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A Comprehensive Approach to Physical Activity at Euclid Middle School

With obesity rates on the rise, and student MVPA time at an all time low, it is important, now more than ever, to provide students with tools and creative opportunities for a healthy and active lifestyle. A school following a CSPAP program should utilize all…

A Comprehensive Analysis of the Global Fast Food Giant

The brand that I have chosen is one of the most iconic and powerful brands in history of this nation and also the whole entire world. They are one of the most successful brands globally and almost everyone has come through their doors for something…

A Comprehensive Analysis of News Headlines

Every nation has a common language that represents their culture, norms, identity and context. According to Chomsky (1957), “A set (finite or infinite) of sentences, each finite in length and constructed out of a finite set of elements, a finite number of phonemes (or letters…

KFC’s Triumph and Turmoil in China

As the first western fast food company to enter china in 1987, KFC has become the MODERN blueprint for /of internationalisation (Knowledge.insead.edu, 2016). Engaging in a combination of high control methods of market entry, they have since grown to become the country’s most successful fast food company,…

The Enduring Impact of Colorism in Hollywood

Colorism is a standing problem for African Americans in Hollywood. Colorism is prejudice or discrimination against individuals with a dark skin tone, typically among people of the same ethnic or racial group. Historically, this social set up of racism perpetuated by slavery made the norm…

The Crucible: Difference Between Movie and Play

Introduction The Late Middle Ages was a contentious period in European history characterized by plague, famine, war, the expansion of Christianity, and the Inquisition by the Roman Catholic Church. The Catholic Inquisition aimed at eradicating heresy and religious dissent within the society in order to…

The Importance of Criminology in Our Society: Knife Crime Research

Introduction Criminology is a subdivision of sociology that has been taught in one form or another for many years. Regardless of its extensive history, until recently, criminology itself is considered a scientific discipline. Some specific areas of criminal interest involve the frequency of crimes, social,…

In-Depth Exploration of Mezirow’s Transformational Learning Theory

Jack Mezirow’s transformative (sometimes referred to as transformational) learning theory emphasized the importance of integration of experience into a person’s worldview. Founded on constructivist principles, Transformative learning occurs as an active exploratory process, after an individual experiences a disruptive event (what Mezirow calls a disorienting…

What Success Means to You Defines Your Goals and Motivation

What success means to you? If you’ve been feeling a little low lately, this essay on success is sure to boost your motivation levels and set the goals right! We hear about so many successful people from all the areas. Some of them may be…

Leadership and Teamwork Theories: Their Relevance in Today’s World

Leadership, Management and Teamwork are all a part of understanding and studying one’s behaviour in organizations and then using this to manage people’s behaviour in organisations. In order for people to be motivated to do work and complete objectives these three elements should be executed…

Teachers Professional Identity: Analysis of the Case of South Africa

An educator’s identity is formed by one’s own perception of education which is formed from one’s own school years, the school environment one is placed in, the teachers and parents one come in contact with, the support and guidance that one receives as well as…

Students Seminar Reflection: Conflict Sensitivity and Resolution

After attending the Conflict Sensitivity seminar, I wrote a thoughtful reflection essay to delve into my key takeaways and personal growth from the enriching experience. The topics stated here are the insights and reflection sowed from the Conflict Sensitivity Seminar and is divided into sections…

Analysis of Masculinity in Film and Contemporary Media

Do contemporary media representations offer celebrations or critiques of masculinity? Contemporary media representations of masculinity in film in film and television is the main theme of this essay to analyse. The traditional ideal of masculinity is critiqued, as there is “not only one version of…

Impact of Gender Orientation and Roles on Team Performances

The differences between the role women and men plays in managing a project and the project teams have been a concern from past years. These differences can result into conflicts, low quality result, decision making processes. This essay analyzes the combine and individual effect of…

Why Energy Drinks Should Be Banned: Research Study

Introduction The most widely consumed drug in human history is caffeine and more than 80% of the world’s population uses it. The intake of caffeinated-beverages such as energy drinks, coffee, and soft drinks among Filipinos continue to rise as well [1]. As of today, the…

 Binge Watching: Examination of Phenomenon Origin

Introduction Television is one of the major communication technologies and crucial element of mass culture industry as it holds the power to alter the world and culture around us. Thus, it is significant to notice that how it has evolved throughout time as a consequence…

What Is a 2500-Word Essay?

A 2500-word essay is a type of academic or scholarly writing that consists of approximately 2500 words. It is a longer piece of writing that typically follows a formal structure. It includes an introduction, several body paragraphs, and a conclusion. The introduction provides an overview of the topic, establishes the context, and presents a clear thesis statement that outlines the main argument or objective of the essay. In academic writings, a 2500-word essay requires you to demonstrate critical thinking, analytical skills, and the ability to synthesize and evaluate information from various sources. It is important to support your arguments with credible evidence and properly cite your sources using a recognized referencing style.

How Many Pages is 2500-Word Essay?

General estimation is that a 2500-word essay would be around 5 to 6 pages when using standard formatting guidelines. It's important to note that the page count can be influenced by factors such as the inclusion of headings, subheadings, block quotes, and the overall formatting choices. Additionally, different word processing software may have slight variations in how they calculate the page count. When in doubt, it's always best to refer to the specific formatting guidelines provided by your instructor or institution. They may have specific requirements regarding font size, spacing, and margins that can impact the page count of your 2500-word text.

How to Write a 2500-Word Essay?

A 2500-word essay is a type of academic or scholarly writing that consists of approximately 2500 words. Writing a 2500-word essay requires effective time management. Tou should familiarize yourself with the essay prompt, guidelines, and any specific requirements given by your instructor and then gather relevant information from credible sources such as books, scholarly articles, and reputable websites. Start with an engaging opening sentence to grab the reader's attention. Provide background information on the topic and present a strong thesis statement that encapsulates the main argument of your essay. Back up your arguments with relevant and credible evidence. Analyze and interpret the evidence to strengthen your position. Summarize the main points of your essay and restate the thesis. Reflect on the significance of your findings and leave the reader with a final thought or call to action. Carefully read through your essay to catch any remaining errors or typos. Consider seeking feedback from peers or professors to gain different perspectives.

How Many Sources Should You Include in a 2500-Word Essay?

Generally, it is advisable to include a sufficient number of credible sources to support your arguments and provide evidence. Aim for a balanced mix of primary and secondary sources, and use reputable scholarly books, articles, academic databases, and relevant websites.

How Long Should Each Section of a 2500-Word Essay Be?

While the length of each section may vary depending on the specific requirements and content, a general guideline could be to allocate approximately 10-15% of the word count to the introduction (250-375 words), 70-80% to the body paragraphs (1750-2000 words), and 10-15% to the conclusion (250-375 words). However, adapt these proportions based on the complexity and emphasis required for each section.

Another Word Count

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How Long Does It Take to Write 2,500 Words?

Writing 2,500 words will take about 1 hours for the average writer typing on a keyboard and 2.1 hours for handwriting. However, if the content needs to include in-depth research, links, citations, or graphics such as for a blog article or high school essay, the length can grow to 8.3 hours.

Documents that typically contain 2,500 words include college essays, operating manuals, and longer form blog posts.

You may write faster or slower than this depending on your average writing speed. Adults typically type at about 40 words per minute when writing for enjoyment and 5 words per minute for in-depth essays or articles. They can handwrite at 20 words per minute. College students typically need to be able to write at 60-70 words per minute in order to quickly write essays.

Writing Time by Word Counts

The table below will tell you how long it will take to write typical word counts. If you want to know how long writing an essay or book will take, check out the table below:

Writing Time by Page Counts

The table below will tell you how long it will take to write typical page counts. If you want to know how long writing an essay or book will take, check out the table below:

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How to Write a 2000-Word Essay and How Many Pages Is It?

You can easily compose a 2000-word essay with the help of ChatGPT or any other AI text generator. It will be well-written and resemble human writing; your professor might even believe you wrote it. However, using your academic writing skills is a better option if you want to create an essay that stands out.

Our expert team wants to demonstrate that essay writing can be enjoyable and exciting; just take the correct steps and use our tips! In this article, we’ll explain how to write an outstanding 2000-word essay in one day.

• 📝 2000 Word Essay
• ✅ 2000 Word Essay – Step by Step
• 📚 Essay Example
• ✍️ Writing Prompts
• 🔎 More Essay Topics
• 🔗 References

📝 What Does a 2000 Word Essay Look Like?

If you’re familiar with the structure and formatting requirements, writing a 2000-word essay should be easy. In the following section, we’ll outline the different parts of a 2000-word academic paper and explain how to approach each section.

2000 Word Essay Structure

A 2000-word essay is an extended form of an academic paper with no significant differences in structure and formatting. It consists of 3 main parts:

Let’s look at each section of a 2000-word essay separately.

Introduction

An introduction is the first paragraph or two of a 2000-word essay. It aims to grab the reader’s attention and introduce the topic. A good introduction includes the following elements:

• A hook . Usually, a hook is the first sentence of a paragraph that grabs readers’ attention by telling a story, discussing an interesting quote, or providing statistics or facts.
• Background information . Here, you must provide context and necessary information so readers know what to expect from the essay. For example, include key definitions, a summary of relevant theories, or a brief description of a debate you’re addressing.
• A thesis statement . A thesis statement is the most essential part of an introduction. It narrows down the topic and sums up the main arguments.

An essay longer than 1000 words is recommended to have headings and subheadings. Headings help readers to navigate the essay easily, and writers to structure the paper. They should be as simple and contain the main idea expressed in the section.

Subheadings are essential in the body section, as it consists of multiple paragraphs with different key ideas. The body paragraphs prove the thesis and connect the introduction to the conclusion. Each body paragraph needs to include the following elements:

• The topic sentence . The topic sentence is the statement that contains the main idea of the body paragraph.
• The evidence . Evidence supports your topic sentence. Examples of evidence include quotations, facts, statistics, or personal experiences.
• The analysis . This part of the paragraph explains the evidence. You need to ensure that the evidence is connected back to the paragraph’s main idea or topic sentence.
• The transition . Transition is the final sentence of a paragraph that helps you connect the ideas and move smoothly to the other part.

A conclusion is the last section of your paper; for a 2000-word essay, you might need two or three paragraphs. A conclusion usually does one of the two—or both at the same time:

• Paraphrases the thesis statement and summarize the arguments . Since the conclusion is the last part of your paper, it’s important to remind readers of the point you’ve made before. Even though you repeat what has already been said, try using different words and sentence structures not to repeat the thesis exactly but, instead, to restate it.
• Explains the significance of the arguments . Sometimes, after restating the thesis, you may need to emphasize the importance of your studies or, in other words, answer the “so what” question and show the readers why your arguments matter .

2000 Word Essay Length

Writing a 2000-word essay might feel overwhelming, especially if it’s your first time. Let’s start with the basics and see how many pages and paragraphs the paper takes.

2000 Words to Pages

• A double-spaced 2000-word essay is 7+ pages (275 words on each page).
• A single-spaced 2000-words essay is of 3,5 pages (550 words per page).
• A handwritten paper with 2000 words is around eight pages long.

In general, the number of pages depends on the font, font size, line spacing, paragraph spacing, margins, and the number of headings.

2000 Words: Paragraph Count

• A regular 2000-word essay consists of around 10-20 paragraphs, with one paragraph being 100-200 words long.
• The introduction and conclusion take 5-10% of the paper or 1-2 paragraphs each.
• The main body constitutes 80-90% of the paper or around 1600-1800 words.

To structure your essay, consider how many words you need for each part separately.

✅ How to Write a 2000-Word Essay

Writing an essay may seem challenging if you’re unsure how to start. Here’s a step-by-step guide to writing a 2000-words essay on any task.

Step 1: Pick a Topic

Sometimes, you may have your topic assigned by a professor. If you’re given a topic, make sure it’s specific enough. Often a given topic needs to be narrowed down so you can focus on a particular aspect and present thorough research in your paper.

If you haven’t been assigned a specific topic , choose one that interests or is relevant to you. Picking a subject that sparks your curiosity is essential because it will motivate you throughout the writing process.

Step 2: Prepare an Outline

To write a well-structured essay, you should organize your ideas first. Consider what you already know and what areas of the topic you need to research more. Don’t try to keep everything in your head. Instead, write your thoughts and ideas down, or create a mind map. It’ll help you see connections between ideas and arguments more clearly.

Step 3: Develop Your Thesis Statement

The next step is to create a thesis statement. A thesis statement should summarize the main point of your essay. Remember that a good thesis statement should contain your stance on the topic. Later, in the main body of your essay, you’ll need to support your thesis with relevant arguments.

Step 4: Write the Body

The essay’s body explains, argues, or describes the topic and supports the thesis statement. Each body paragraph follows a similar structure. It starts with a topic sentence that expresses the main idea and is followed by evidence and examples to support your position .

Step 5: Complete the Introduction

You can complete your introduction when your essay’s thesis statement and body are ready. Remember that the introduction needs to grab readers’ attention. You can use a thought-provoking question, shocking fact, statistics, or quotation for a hook. It’s also essential to provide readers with the context or background information on the topic so that they know what to expect from your paper.

Step 6: Write the Conclusion

The conclusion summarizes the main ideas and paraphrases the thesis statement. Don’t add any new information to the final part of your essay. You may mention the significance of your studies and explain why your arguments matter. However, the primary purpose of a conclusion is, to sum up the paper and remind readers of the main points.

📚 2000 Word Essay Example

Let’s have a look at one of our 2000-word essay samples. It’s called “The United Kingdom Employment Rights Act” and perfectly illustrates the abovementioned essay structure.   

✍️ 2000 Words Essay: Writing Prompts

Need help coming up with fresh ideas for a 2000-word essay? Check out our essay samples on the most burning topics for inspiration!

• 2000 Words Essay on Global Warming Climate change is a commonly chosen topic for essays as it discusses various issues, such as wildfires, floods, hurricanes, prolonged droughts, and other weather-related events. You can discuss how climate change and global warming affect people’s life and the natural environment in different parts of the words.
• Artificial Intelligence Essay: 2000 Words There’s an ongoing debate regarding Artificial Intelligence and its future. In the essay, you can talk about how new technological developments affect people’s everyday life and professional environment, considering both positive and negative changes. You can also mention the rising concern surrounding AI’s ethical impact and contribute to the discussion.
• 2000 Words Essay about Globalization An essay on globalization can cover various topics related to the increasing interconnectedness of the world’s economies, cultures, and societies. It may explore the causes and effects of globalization. The essay can also discuss the role of multinational corporations, governments, and international organizations in shaping the global economy and the challenges posed by globalization, such as political instability, inequality, and cultural homogenization.
• 2000 Words Essay on Organizational Behavior An essay on organizational behavior can explore topics like individual and group dynamics, leadership styles, communication patterns, and workplace culture. It can discuss how these factors influence employee behavior, motivation, and performance and how they affect the organization’s overall effectiveness and success. The paper may also delve into the various theories and models of organizational behavior and their practical applications in the business world.
• 2000 Word Essay on Accountability in the Army One more interesting topic to explore in your essay is military leadership and accountability. In the army, people learn to be accountable to their superiors and fellow officers for their actions. In your paper, you can explore how accountability in the military can be achieved and how it can help you become a good leader.
• Time Management Essay: 2000 Words In your essay about time management, you can explore factors that negatively impact effective time utilization, including procrastination, lack of sleep, and stress. You can also give some tips on how to use time more wisely or describe popular time-management techniques. By addressing these topics, the essay can offer valuable insights into the importance of effective time management for personal and professional success.

🔎 Topics for a 2000 Word Essay

• Modernism in literature.
• Describe your experience as a foreign exchange student.
• Your idea of a high-value individual.
• What are your life goals?
• The relationship between health and mental well-being.
• Describe how music affects your mood.
• How do you cultivate teamwork and cooperation?
• High school vs. college.
• Should smoking in public be banned?
• Tattoos and their perception in various cultures.
• Why is abortion a problem in modern society?
• How does domestic violence affect the behavior of a kid?
• The changing attitude towards gender roles in society. Does it solve most problems or cause them?
• Does your diet affect your productivity?
• Should vaccines be mandatory?
• Music Artists and Advertising Deals.
• Human Resource Management: Benefits and Key Issues.
• Touch of Hitchcock: Psycho and Vertigo.
• Americanization Is Not a Synonym for Globalization.
• Organizational Culture – Types and Importance.
• Human Factors and Risk Management in Aviation.
• The Theme of Transitioning into Adulthood in “Spirited Away” by Hayao Miyazaki and “Spring Awakening” by Frank Wedekind.
• The Main Themes in the Novel “Passing” by Nella Larsen.
• Organizational Behaviour in Teams and Groups.
• Diversity in the Workplace: Bridging the Gap.
• Virtue Ethics – The Environmental Documentary.
• Fad Diet, Their Threats, and Public Education Plan.
• Airport Security and the Reduction of Skills in Security Staff.
• Biotechnology: Methodology in Basic Genetics.
• Psychological Criticism in Allende’s “The House of Spirits.”
• Self-Care in Elderly as a Nursing Concern.
• The Evidence Forms of Law.
• Nursing History: Today and Beyond.
• Mayan Civilization: Political Collapse Theories.
• The Role of Disney Propaganda During the Cold War.
• Globalization’s Impact on Banks in Canada.
• Effects of Music Therapy on the Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia.
• Path-Goal Approach to Leadership.
• Depressed Women and Art Therapy.
• Modern Technology and Engineering: The Prospects for the Development.
• Health Psychology and Stress: Correlations.
• Managing Organizational Changes.
• Hospitality Environmental Management Plan.
• The American Civil Liberties Union and the Legislative Branch.
• Sugar Processing: Term Definition.
• How Reality Television Influences Teenagers.
• Adidas Corporation’s Organizational Justice.
• Islamic Architecture in Its Historical Context.
• Wind Energy as an Alternative Source.
• Innovation as a Contemporary Issue in Business.

❓ 2000 Words Essay Example: FAQ

How long is a 2000-word essay.

A 2000-word essay consists of 10-20 paragraphs, depending on the font, font size, and margins. The introduction and conclusion each take around 1-2 paragraphs, while the body paragraphs should include 80-90% of the total word count.

How Many Pages Is a 2000 Word Essay?

The number of pages depends on the font, font size, the number of headings, and other parameters:

• Double-spaced : slightly more than 7 pages (275 words each).
• Single-spaced : take around 3,5 pages (550 words each).

How Many Sources for a 2000 Word Essay?

According to the general rule, you need one source for each page of an essay. That means that for a 2000 words essay, you need to use at least eight sources. However, the number of articles also depends on the topic’s complexity. It’s also important to check your assignment’s requirements because the exact number of sources might be stated there.

How Long Does It Take to Write a 2000-Word Essay?

Many factors influence how long it’ll take you to finish the paper. Mostly it depends on your writing skills. If you’re used to academic writing, you may complete an essay within 2 hours. However, if the topic is complex, you may need at least 7 hours to do the research, create an outline, and write and proofread your essay.

How Much Is a 2000-Word Essay?

Most academic essays allow 10% deviation. That means a 2000-words paper can be 1800-2200 words in total. However, it’s better to make your essay as close to 2000 words as possible. You can also reference the assignment guidelines or consult your professor regarding the word limit.

🖇️ References

• Paragraphs-The Writing Center • University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill  
• Developing A Thesis | Harvard University  
• How to Write a Topic Sentence (With Examples and Tips) | Indeed.com  
• Make Your Essay Flow Using Transitions | ThoughtCo  
• How Do I Write an Intro, Conclusion, & Body Paragraph? | U-M LSA Sweetland Center for Writing  
• Writing The Main Body of Your Essay | Surrey-Content  
• How to Write an Analytical Essay in 6 Steps | Grammarly  
• MLA Formatting and Style Guide – Purdue OWL – Purdue University  
• Basic Essay Structure | University of Portsmouth  
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How Long Does It Take to Write a 1000 Word Essay?

How long does it take to research an essay?

If you’re writing an opinion piece on something you already have some knowledge about, you may not have to do any research at all. It may just be a matter of organizing your existing thoughts into a coherent essay. If you need to find out about a topic before you begin to write, you can easily get information on certain topics, whilst others will be more obscure and therefore more difficult to research. Clearly, the easier it is to find information, the faster you can write.

How good are your reading comprehension skills?

Some of us can just skim a piece and pick up all the salient points. Others will have to read with more attention, and even re-read a piece several times to extract the information we need. Having good reading and comprehension skills makes writing much faster since you’re able to “get” the facts faster and organize them better. Now you know why you had to do so many reading comprehension tests at school.

How well did you plan?

Throwing yourself headlong at a 1,000-word essay and writing till you reach the word count may seem like the easy option, but it isn’t. Planning your essay so that it begins with an introduction, highlights the most important points you want to make and then wraps everything up into a conclusion actually saves you time. Sometimes, essay instructions will tell you how to structure the piece, so read them carefully and extract any information you can use to guide your essay’s structure.

How fast do you type?

Have you ever gotten lost halfway through a sentence? You know what you wanted to say, but halfway through, the thought slips away from you. The faster you can type , the more easily you can capture thoughts before your mind moves onto the next thing and you forget what you were trying to say. Typing skills are essential in the modern world. Consider using typing games to improve your speed.

How long does it take me to write a 1,000-word essay?

Faster isn’t always better. The more in-depth your report is meant to be, the longer you should spend on it. I can usually research and write a fairly technical magazine article of 1,000 words in three hours, but do remember that I’m a professional writer. I’m fast because I write all day, every day.

The longest I’ve ever spent on a 1,000-word article was 12 hours. It was absolutely brutal! The information I needed to gather was very technical, hard to find, and even more difficult to understand, and you can’t write something until you really understand the subject matter. I also had to contact experts for their opinions, but I couldn’t even ask about their opinions until I could target them with the right questions. As a result, I actually had to write most of the article before slotting in the expert comment.

The quickest I’ve ever written a 1,000-word article is one hour. In this case, I already knew the subject matter well and didn’t have to back up every fact in the essay with references.

Reviewing your work also matters

If you’re writing for grades and want a good one, you need a really good essay. Don’t start writing it the day before you have to hand it in. Try and get your first draft down at least a day or two before you have to submit your work. Then return to it and do your editing. Read your essay aloud to yourself, since this will help you pick up any careless errors you wouldn’t otherwise spot. Check to see if your information flows logically from one point to the next and make sure that you’ve presented your information clearly.

Remember, teachers get tired. They have to read the same kind of essay over and over again when they grade. If they struggle to understand what you’re saying, you might not get as good a grade as you would if you stuck to using short sentences and relatively simple language.

Your reviewing process shouldn’t take all that long. If you don’t have to make a lot of changes, you should be able to do your final edit in under half an hour.

Take your time. Whatever you do, don’t rush. You might want your essay to be written quickly, but if it’s an important essay, taking your time will give you a better finished product. Budget your time conservatively. It’s better to find that you’ve still got time left over than to run out of time and end up dashing things off with a looming deadline.

Below are some basic guidelines if you need a rough estimate on how long it will take to write an essay. It’s important to remember that there are a plethora of mitigating factors that can increase or decrease the time it takes to write. The below numbers are using an estimate that it takes about 3 hours 20 minutes to write a 1000 word essay:

How long does it take to write a 100 word essay? It takes about 20 minutes to write a 100 word essay.

How long does it take to write a 200 word essay? It takes about 40 minutes to write a 200 word essay.

How long does it take to write a 250 word essay? It takes about 50 minutes to write a 250 word essay.

How long does it take to write a 300 word essay? It takes about 1 hour to write a 300 word essay.

How long does it take to write a 400 word essay? It takes about 1 hour and 20 minutes to write a 400 word essay.

How long does it take to write a 500 word essay? It takes about 1 hour and 40 minutes to write a 500 word essay.

How long does it take to write a 600 word essay? It takes about 2 hours to write a 600 word essay.

How long does it take to write a 700 word essay? It takes about 2 hours and 20 minutes to write a 700 word essay.

How long does it take to write a 800 word essay? It takes about 2 hours and 40 minutes to write a 800 word essay.

How long does it take to write a 900 word essay? It takes about 3 hours to write a 900 word essay.

How long does it take to write a 1,000 word essay? It takes about 3 hours and 20 minutes to write a 1,000 word essay.

How long does it take to write a 1,250 word essay? It takes about 4 hours and 10 minutes to write a 1,250 word essay.

How long does it take to write a 1,500 word essay? It takes about 5 hours to write a 1,500 word essay.

How long does it take to write a 1,750 word essay? It takes about 5 hours and 50 minutes to write a 1,750 word essay.

How long does it take to write a 2,000 word essay? It takes about 6 hours and 40 minutes to write a 2,000 word essay.

How long does it take to write a 2,500 word essay? It takes about 8 hours and 20 minutes to write a 2,500 word essay.

How long does it take to write a 3,000 word essay? It takes about 10 hours to write a 3,000 word essay.

How long does it take to write a 3,500 word essay? It takes about 11 hours and 40 minutes to write a 3,500 word essay.

How long does it take to write a 4,000 word essay? It takes about 13 hours and 20 minutes to write a 4,000 word essay.

How long does it take to write a 4,500 word essay? It takes about 15 hours to write a 4,500 word essay.

How long does it take to write a 5,000 word essay? It takes about 16 hours and 40 minutes to write a 5,000 word essay.

How long does it take to write a 6,000 word essay? It takes about 20 hours to write a 6,000 word essay.

How long does it take to write a 7,000 word essay? It takes about 23 hours and 20 minutes to write a 7,000 word essay.

How long does it take to write a 7,500 word essay? It takes about 25 hours to write a 7,500 word essay.

How long does it take to write an 8,000 word essay? It takes about 26 hours and 40 minutes to write an 8,000 word essay.

How long does it take to write a 9,000 word essay? It takes about 30 hours to write a 9,000 word essay.

How long does it take to write a 10,000 word essay? It takes about 33 hours and 20 minutes to write a 10,000 word essay.

How long does it take to write a 12,500 word essay? It takes about 41 hours and 40 minutes to write a 12,500 word essay.

How long does it take to write a 15,000 word essay? It takes about 50 hours to write a 15,000 word essay.

How long does it take to write a 20,000 word essay? It takes about 66 hours and 40 minutes to write a 20,000 word essay.

How long does it take to write a 25,000 word essay? It takes about 83 hours and 20 minutes to write a 25,000 word essay.

How long does it take to write a 50,000 word essay? It takes about 166 hours and 40 minutes to write a 50,000 word essay.

(Image courtesy of Miguel )

This isn’t accurate. I wrote my 1000 word essay in an hour, not three hours. You should change the times you have listed to reflect how long it actually takes to write. Obviously you don’t know since the mes you listed are not the same as what I can do!

Did you even read the article? The writer says that it’s based on what she writes and is just a general approximation. How long it takes you or anybody else to write an essay will obviously be different because you’re not the same as everybody else. Nobody writes at the same speed so how long it takes you to write an essay will be different for every person.

Someone doesn’t understand the meaning of “rough estimate”

Well then you must be superhuman or some shit I don’t care, I came here for a question not your butthurt comments. Also, if your so good at writing I wouldn’t have found 2 typos in 2 sentences 🙂

*you’re

If you already have all the research done and know what you want to say, then a 1000 word essay shouldn’t take more than an hour to write. In fact, it probably can be done in 30 minutes or less. The time-consuming part of an essay is the research and how long that takes depends on how much you have to do. But the actual writing of the essay shouldn’t take too long at all.

But research is part of the writing process. If a person writes a book, they don’t only count the time it took them at the typewriter writing. They count all the time it took to research the book as well. Trying to separate the two doesn’t make sense.

I think an important thing to point out here is that there’s a huge difference between writing a 1000 word essay and writing a good 1000 word essay. You can write an essay in hardly any time at all if you don’t do the proper research and don’t spend time editing what you wrote. If you’re going to write a good essay, it’s going to take more time. You should always give yourself more time than you think you’re going to need to get it done.

This applies to all writing. Writing and writing something something well will have a huge time discrepancy even if both writings are the same length. Just because you are able to finish something quickly doesn’t mean that’s the best way to do it.

Exactly! Actually, it can take hours or days to come up with the right line – or it can come in seconds. There’s no real counting in terms of the creative process.

Days to come up with the right line? 😀

It does. Sometimes, no matter how hard you look at something, you won’t be satisfied with it. It may take you days to figure it out. And then, one fine day, you suddenly stand up right in the middle of breakfast and then run upstairs and then type out the right line. Source: personal experience

I just spent 8 hours on a 500-word monologue… This comment made me feel better.

Wow, your advice is excellent it motivated me to do a lot better in my essay.

In my opinion, hours that are presented here a partially true. It may take about an hor to write 300 word essay but editing also takes some time. So on averege, I count the time to write the piece itself + time edit everything.

Research, first draft writing, editing, and rewriting are all part of the writing process. I think the time it takes to do all of them should be counted in the time it takes.

It takes way too long! Teachers should not be allowed to assign essays more than 250 words. They always complain they don’t have enough time and work too hard. It’s only because they make their students do too much work!!

This comment just makes you look lazy. 250 words is nothing. Any topic that needs to be explored will take many more words than this. If you don’t want to write, just admit it and don’t try to project that on others.

If you do your research, use annotations for resources and understand to whom and what you have to transfer than the fewer words the better. Remember that you are demonstrating deep knowledge of the topic by making it accessible to the audience without them doing the research. Simplify, simplify, simplify.

Contrary to what academia self-righteously preach, its imperative for any writing and explanation of thought to be simplified. If you cant explain it in short time/short essay you don’t understand it enough.

I disagree, I feel 250 words is way too less to explain any topic. In my opinion, the maximum word count for an essay should be 1500.

It should take long enough that you get all the points you want across in the writing, but not too long as to bore the reader. Writing should be engaging, not boring.

Nice philosophy, but completely unhelpful if you have a paper due tomorrow and limited amount of time to write. The real world doesn’t work that way.

If someone has an essay due tomorrow and they waste time reading this, then they are a bit of an idiot for giving themselves even less time to work with. If they’re leaving work to the last minute like that, then the only thing they should be doing is jumping right in and writing (or planning the essay, but that should be done much sooner).

This is so arbitrary and will depend on the individual. It’s like asking the question, “how long does it take to write a book?” For some, it will only take a couple of months while for others it will take a lifetime. it also depends on the type of writing you’re doing. Some writing is easy and quick and other writing is difficult and requires huge amounts of research.

The uphill task of writing an essay is doing thorough research. Once you have completed the research, you can deliver a 1000 word paper per hour

I completely agree with you on that one. I recently worked on a 4000 word essay, and while the research did take me three hours to conduct, I completed the essay itself in a bit less than four hours and scored a total of 32/34 points.

So happy to read that! That’s because I just realised, that that is what I needed to read. I’ve got two months to write six 2500 word essays. I’ve been procrastinating because I’m simply in fear of doing a bad job. I’ve done lots of research; made lots of notes; collected citations and written nothing. It’s time. I can do this!

I’m writing a 1600 word essay right now as I type this lol

Then show me after you have finished.

Im writing a 2500 word essay, almost done, I can’t even imagine writing a 10000 word essay in university, that sounds EXTREMELY painful 🙁

I found these estimations quite accurate, thank you.

I’m writing a narrative for my English class right this moment and the word requirements are 800-1000. I’ve only been working for two hours and I’m at 1,157. I’m nowhere near done…

your word requirements are 800-1000 and u have 1157? You’ve been done for a while I would say

Wow i have to write a 1 500 word essay in 4 days and I have about 1050 words left Dono how long thats gonna take me 😂😭😭😭

I am writing a dissertation and those estimations made me positive because just 41 hour to write 12,000 essay seems nothing. But at the moment I just finished literature review(though the hardest part yet) without editing I am already at over 35 hours of work. And that’s not even a half! But I am aiming for a good grade though…

I’ve found these estimates incredibly accurate in my years in college. I’m about to graduate next week and have one more 3500 word paper to write. We’ll see if the estimates hold true. However, the estimates (for me at least) don’t include the time it takes to edit so I usually add a little time depending on how long the essay/paper has to be.

Wow, these tips are helpful, Thank You to the creator of this website. These tips helped me a lot in my essay for school.

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Annie Jacobsen: 'What if we had a nuclear war?’

The author and Pulitzer prize finalist, who has written the latest pick for the New Scientist Book Club, Nuclear War: A scenario, on the "shocking truths" about a nuclear attack

By Annie Jacobsen

12 April 2024

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Not long after the last world war, the historian William L. Shirer had this to say about the next world war. It “will be launched by suicidal little madmen pressing an electronic button. Such a war will not last long and none will ever follow it. There will be no conquers and no conquests, but only the charred bones of the dead on an uninhabited planet.”

As an investigative journalist, I write about war, weapons, national security and government secrets. I’ve previously written six books about US military and intelligence programmes – at the CIA, The Pentagon, Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency– all designed to prevent, or deter, nuclear world war III . In the course of my work, countless people in the upper echelons of US government have told me, proudly, that they’ve dedicated their lives to making sure the US never has a nuclear war. But what if it did?

“Every capability in the [Department of Defense] is underpinned by the fact that strategic deterrence will hold,” US Strategic Command (STRATCOM), which is responsible for nuclear deterrence, insists publicly. Until the autumn of 2022, this promise was pinned on STRATCOM’s public Twitter feed. But to a private audience at Sandia National Laboratories later that same year, STRATCOM’s Thomas Bussiere admitted the existential danger inherent to deterrence. “Everything unravels itself if those things are not true.”

If deterrence fails – what exactly would that unravelling look like? To write Nuclear War: A scenario , I put this question to scores of former nuclear command and control authorities. To the military and civilian experts who’ve built the weapon systems, been privy to the response plans and been responsible for advising the US president on nuclear counterstrike decisions should they have to be made. What I learned terrified me. Here are just a few of the shocking truths about nuclear war.

The US maintains a nuclear launch policy called Launch on Warning. This means that if a military satellite indicates the nation is under nuclear attack and a second early-warning radar confirms that information, the president launches nuclear missiles in response. Former secretary of defense William Perry told me: “Once we are warned of a nuclear attack, we prepare to launch. This is policy. We do not wait.”

The US president has sole authority to launch nuclear weapons. He asks permission of no one. Not the secretary of defense, not the chairman of the joint chief of staff, not the US Congress. “The authority is inherent in his role as commander in chief,” the Congressional Research Service confirms. The president “does not need the concurrence of either his [or her] military advisors or the US Congress to order the launch of nuclear weapons”.

When the president learns he must respond to a nuclear attack, he has just 6 minutes to do so. Six minutes is an irrational amount of time to “decide whether to release Armageddon”, President Ronald Reagan lamented in his memoirs. “Six minutes to decide how to respond to a blip on a radar scope… How could anyone apply reason at a time like that?” And yet, the president must respond. This is because it takes roughly just 30 minutes for an intercontinental ballistic missile to get from a launch pad in Russia, North Korea or China to any city in the US, and vice versa. Nuclear-armed submarines can cut that launch-to-target time to 10 minutes, or less.

Today, there are nine nuclear powers, with a combined total of more than 12,500 nuclear weapons ready to be used. The US and Russia each have some 1700 nuclear weapons deployed – weapons that can be launched in seconds or minutes after their respective president gives the command. This is what Shirer meant when he said: “Such a war will not last long and none will ever follow it.”

Nuclear war is the only scenario other than an asteroid strike that could end civilisation in a matter of hours. The soot from burning cities and forests will blot out the sun and cause nuclear winter. Agriculture will fail. Some 5 billion people will die. In the words of former Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev, “the survivors will envy the dead”.

I wrote Nuclear War: A scenario to demonstrate – in appalling, minute-by-minute detail – just how horrifying a nuclear war would be. “Humanity is one misunderstanding, one miscalculation away from nuclear annihilation,” UN secretary-general António Guterres warned the world in 2022. “This is madness. We must reverse course.”

Nuclear War: A Scenario   by Annie Jacobsen, published by Torva (£20.00), is available now. It is the latest pick for the New Scientist Book Club: sign up  here  to read along with our members

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Michael Ian Black: Why I Might Leave the U.S. Even if Trump Loses

JFK was wrong—Americans don’t owe their country anything, and the U.S. has been letting its people down for a long time.

Michael Ian Black

Illustration by Elizabeth Brockway/The Daily Beast

Kennedy got it wrong. The real Kennedy , not the nepo baby crackpot currently rasping around trying to get Trump elected . I’m talking about his presidential uncle, JFK , who famously declaimed: “Ask not what your country can do for you. Ask what you can do for your country.”

It’s a good line. Folks love that line. It’s also total BS.

The fact is, most of us are here by happenstance. We found ourselves pushed into a world neither of our making nor our choosing. The fact that we find ourselves in this particular nation at this particular time is no more than luck of the draw. So why do I owe a single, solitary thing to this landmass on which I find myself?

Why should I ask myself what I can do for America when America is letting so many of us down?

There are many ways to think of a nation. One way is the JFK model: The nation is a home and all of us are responsible for maintaining and improving that home. That’s a pleasant way to think of it, but it also implies a family structure because a home, after all, is a place to house a family.

So what happens when the other family members aren’t holding up their end of the deal? What happens when Mom and Dad won’t stop bickering long enough to make sure the light bill gets paid? What happens when the family is a dysfunctional mess? What if I’m doing my part by washing the dishes but the roof is falling on my head?

I used to think of my nation as a home and my fellow Americans as, in a sense, my family. I feel that less and less. Not because I’ve “given up” on America, but because I’m not sure I ever understood America to begin with.

I’ve started to think about Kennedy’s words with something resembling bitterness. Yes, I’m grateful for the opportunities I’ve had in my life. But I can’t honestly say they were given to me by “America” any more than I can say the macaroni and cheese I made for lunch was given to me by Kraft. I paid for that mac and cheese and I have paid for America.

And America continues to let me down.

What does any nation owe its citizenry in return for the citizens’ allegiance? Safety, certainly. Can the U.S. be said to be holding up its end of the deal when people are routinely slaughtered in shopping malls, churches, concerts, and schools?

What about health care? Education? Infrastructure? What about opportunity-for-all? Is this nation, the richest and most powerful that history has ever known, using its vast resources to improve the lives of all Americans?

The question is rhetorical because the answer is obvious.

I’m not even going to even talk about our foreign follies over the last 80 years. I’m confining this conversation to our domestic situation and the lack of a cohesive national vision. We haven’t known who we were since the Soviets tapped out in the early ’90s.

Even then, what were we? A beacon of freedom in a darkening world? That’s the story we liked to tell ourselves, but it was always, at best, an exaggeration. Since World War II, what we’ve mostly been is a war machine sponsored by Ronald McDonald. The Soviets just gave us a place to point our missiles.

The values we claim to support: democracy, freedom, equality. Those same values we bomb other countries into accepting aren’t even being practiced at home. We’re neither the freest, most democratic, nor most equal nation.

Not even close.

Instead, we’re backtracking as we relitigate important questions about reproductive rights, freedom of self-expression, and the ability of any and all of us to rise through the narrow chokepoint of American opportunity to become, to quote the old Army recruitment poster, all we can be.

This isn’t about the 2024 election . I’m not going to embody the cliche of so many liberal Americans of privilege—saying I’m going to flee the nation if Donald Trump wins.

Increasingly, I’m not sure it matters who wins in November. Can any person reorient this hobbling and sclerotic nation in four years? In eight? What can be done to reinvigorate/redefine our national identity? Must we have another goddamned world war for Americans to find purpose?

If we’re going to defend so-called “American exceptionalism,” then let’s start by making this place exceptional. Not just for attendees of the Met Gala but for everybody.

I’m going to continue to advocate for this nation right up until the moment I leave it (should that day ever come). I’m going to advocate for the things I used to believe about this nation, not because I owe it anything, but because it owes me, just as it owes all of us. Allegiance is a two-way street. If you want ours, you’ve got to give us yours.

So I’m asking questions.

Why are health care costs out of control? Why are students starting their professional lives saddled with a hundred thousand dollars or more in student loan debt? Why can’t families survive on a single income? Why doesn’t the nation offer daycare for working mothers?

Why are educational outcomes in this country so bad for so many people? Why do minorities die at a higher rate than the majority population? Why does the richest nation in the world have falling life expectancy while other nations are seeing their citizens live longer lives?

Above all, I’m asking this: What can my country do for me?

Got a tip? Send it to The Daily Beast  here .

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NPR defends its journalism after senior editor says it has lost the public's trust

David Folkenflik

NPR is defending its journalism and integrity after a senior editor wrote an essay accusing it of losing the public's trust. Saul Loeb/AFP via Getty Images hide caption

NPR is defending its journalism and integrity after a senior editor wrote an essay accusing it of losing the public's trust.

NPR's top news executive defended its journalism and its commitment to reflecting a diverse array of views on Tuesday after a senior NPR editor wrote a broad critique of how the network has covered some of the most important stories of the age.

"An open-minded spirit no longer exists within NPR, and now, predictably, we don't have an audience that reflects America," writes Uri Berliner.

A strategic emphasis on diversity and inclusion on the basis of race, ethnicity and sexual orientation, promoted by NPR's former CEO, John Lansing, has fed "the absence of viewpoint diversity," Berliner writes.

NPR's chief news executive, Edith Chapin, wrote in a memo to staff Tuesday afternoon that she and the news leadership team strongly reject Berliner's assessment.

"We're proud to stand behind the exceptional work that our desks and shows do to cover a wide range of challenging stories," she wrote. "We believe that inclusion — among our staff, with our sourcing, and in our overall coverage — is critical to telling the nuanced stories of this country and our world."

NPR names tech executive Katherine Maher to lead in turbulent era

She added, "None of our work is above scrutiny or critique. We must have vigorous discussions in the newsroom about how we serve the public as a whole."

A spokesperson for NPR said Chapin, who also serves as the network's chief content officer, would have no further comment.

Praised by NPR's critics

Berliner is a senior editor on NPR's Business Desk. (Disclosure: I, too, am part of the Business Desk, and Berliner has edited many of my past stories. He did not see any version of this article or participate in its preparation before it was posted publicly.)

Berliner's essay , titled "I've Been at NPR for 25 years. Here's How We Lost America's Trust," was published by The Free Press, a website that has welcomed journalists who have concluded that mainstream news outlets have become reflexively liberal.

Berliner writes that as a Subaru-driving, Sarah Lawrence College graduate who "was raised by a lesbian peace activist mother ," he fits the mold of a loyal NPR fan.

Yet Berliner says NPR's news coverage has fallen short on some of the most controversial stories of recent years, from the question of whether former President Donald Trump colluded with Russia in the 2016 election, to the origins of the virus that causes COVID-19, to the significance and provenance of emails leaked from a laptop owned by Hunter Biden weeks before the 2020 election. In addition, he blasted NPR's coverage of the Israel-Hamas conflict.

On each of these stories, Berliner asserts, NPR has suffered from groupthink due to too little diversity of viewpoints in the newsroom.

The essay ricocheted Tuesday around conservative media , with some labeling Berliner a whistleblower . Others picked it up on social media, including Elon Musk, who has lambasted NPR for leaving his social media site, X. (Musk emailed another NPR reporter a link to Berliner's article with a gibe that the reporter was a "quisling" — a World War II reference to someone who collaborates with the enemy.)

When asked for further comment late Tuesday, Berliner declined, saying the essay spoke for itself.

The arguments he raises — and counters — have percolated across U.S. newsrooms in recent years. The #MeToo sexual harassment scandals of 2016 and 2017 forced newsrooms to listen to and heed more junior colleagues. The social justice movement prompted by the killing of George Floyd in 2020 inspired a reckoning in many places. Newsroom leaders often appeared to stand on shaky ground.

Leaders at many newsrooms, including top editors at The New York Times and the Los Angeles Times , lost their jobs. Legendary Washington Post Executive Editor Martin Baron wrote in his memoir that he feared his bonds with the staff were "frayed beyond repair," especially over the degree of self-expression his journalists expected to exert on social media, before he decided to step down in early 2021.

Since then, Baron and others — including leaders of some of these newsrooms — have suggested that the pendulum has swung too far.

Author Interviews

Legendary editor marty baron describes his 'collision of power' with trump and bezos.

New York Times publisher A.G. Sulzberger warned last year against journalists embracing a stance of what he calls "one-side-ism": "where journalists are demonstrating that they're on the side of the righteous."

"I really think that that can create blind spots and echo chambers," he said.

Internal arguments at The Times over the strength of its reporting on accusations that Hamas engaged in sexual assaults as part of a strategy for its Oct. 7 attack on Israel erupted publicly . The paper conducted an investigation to determine the source of a leak over a planned episode of the paper's podcast The Daily on the subject, which months later has not been released. The newsroom guild accused the paper of "targeted interrogation" of journalists of Middle Eastern descent.

Heated pushback in NPR's newsroom

Given Berliner's account of private conversations, several NPR journalists question whether they can now trust him with unguarded assessments about stories in real time. Others express frustration that he had not sought out comment in advance of publication. Berliner acknowledged to me that for this story, he did not seek NPR's approval to publish the piece, nor did he give the network advance notice.

Some of Berliner's NPR colleagues are responding heatedly. Fernando Alfonso, a senior supervising editor for digital news, wrote that he wholeheartedly rejected Berliner's critique of the coverage of the Israel-Hamas conflict, for which NPR's journalists, like their peers, periodically put themselves at risk.

Alfonso also took issue with Berliner's concern over the focus on diversity at NPR.

"As a person of color who has often worked in newsrooms with little to no people who look like me, the efforts NPR has made to diversify its workforce and its sources are unique and appropriate given the news industry's long-standing lack of diversity," Alfonso says. "These efforts should be celebrated and not denigrated as Uri has done."

After this story was first published, Berliner contested Alfonso's characterization, saying his criticism of NPR is about the lack of diversity of viewpoints, not its diversity itself.

"I never criticized NPR's priority of achieving a more diverse workforce in terms of race, ethnicity and sexual orientation. I have not 'denigrated' NPR's newsroom diversity goals," Berliner said. "That's wrong."

Questions of diversity

Under former CEO John Lansing, NPR made increasing diversity, both of its staff and its audience, its "North Star" mission. Berliner says in the essay that NPR failed to consider broader diversity of viewpoint, noting, "In D.C., where NPR is headquartered and many of us live, I found 87 registered Democrats working in editorial positions and zero Republicans."

Berliner cited audience estimates that suggested a concurrent falloff in listening by Republicans. (The number of people listening to NPR broadcasts and terrestrial radio broadly has declined since the start of the pandemic.)

Former NPR vice president for news and ombudsman Jeffrey Dvorkin tweeted , "I know Uri. He's not wrong."

Others questioned Berliner's logic. "This probably gets causality somewhat backward," tweeted Semafor Washington editor Jordan Weissmann . "I'd guess that a lot of NPR listeners who voted for [Mitt] Romney have changed how they identify politically."

Similarly, Nieman Lab founder Joshua Benton suggested the rise of Trump alienated many NPR-appreciating Republicans from the GOP.

In recent years, NPR has greatly enhanced the percentage of people of color in its workforce and its executive ranks. Four out of 10 staffers are people of color; nearly half of NPR's leadership team identifies as Black, Asian or Latino.

"The philosophy is: Do you want to serve all of America and make sure it sounds like all of America, or not?" Lansing, who stepped down last month, says in response to Berliner's piece. "I'd welcome the argument against that."

"On radio, we were really lagging in our representation of an audience that makes us look like what America looks like today," Lansing says. The U.S. looks and sounds a lot different than it did in 1971, when NPR's first show was broadcast, Lansing says.

A network spokesperson says new NPR CEO Katherine Maher supports Chapin and her response to Berliner's critique.

The spokesperson says that Maher "believes that it's a healthy thing for a public service newsroom to engage in rigorous consideration of the needs of our audiences, including where we serve our mission well and where we can serve it better."

Disclosure: This story was reported and written by NPR Media Correspondent David Folkenflik and edited by Deputy Business Editor Emily Kopp and Managing Editor Gerry Holmes. Under NPR's protocol for reporting on itself, no NPR corporate official or news executive reviewed this story before it was posted publicly.