essay writing format class 11

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Home » 11th Class » NCERT Book Class 11 English Chapter 4 Essay-writing (PDF)

NCERT Book Class 11 English Chapter 4 Essay-writing (PDF)

NCERT Book Class 11 English Chapter 4 Essay-writing is here. You can read and download Class 11 English Chapter 4 PDF from this page of aglasem.com. Essay-writing is one of the many lessons in NCERT Book Class 11 English in the new , updated version of 2023-24 . So if you are in 11th standard , and studying English textbook (named Hornbill ), then you can read Ch 4 here and afterwards use NCERT Solutions to solve questions answers of Essay-writing.

NCERT Book Class 11 English Chapter 4 Essay-writing

The complete Chapter 4 , which is Essay-writing , from NCERT Books for Class 11 English is as follows.

NCERT Book Class 11 English Chapter 4 Essay-writing PDF Download Link – Click Here To Download The Complete Chapter PDF

NCERT Book Class 11 English Full Book PDF Download Link – Click Here To Download The Complete Book PDF

NCERT Book Class 11 English Chapter 4 Essay-writing PDF

The direct link to download class 11 English NCERT Book PDF for chapter 4 Essay-writing is given above. However if you want to read the complete lesson on Essay-writing then that is also possible here at aglasem. So here is the complete class 11 English Ch 4 Essay-writing.

NCERT Book for Class 11 English

Besides the chapter on Essay-writing, you can read or download the NCERT Class 11 English PDF full book from aglasem. Here is the complete book:

• Chapter 1 : The Portrait of a Lady
• Chapter 2 : We’re Not Afraid to Die… if We Can All Be Together
• Chapter 3 : Discovering Tut: the Saga Continues; The Laburnum Top
• Chapter 4 : The Ailing Planet: the Green Movement’s Role
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Class 11 English Chapter 4 Essay-writing NCERT Textbook – An Overview

The highlights of this Essay-writing chapter PDF are as follows.

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NCERT Book Class 11 Economics Chapter 1 Indian Economy on the Eve of Independence (PDF)

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Essay Writing Topics and Ideas | How To Write An Essay, Format Structure & Examples

Essay Writing seems like an awful task among students. If students are very passionated to put their views and thoughts in a paper, then those students can easily write any type of essay if they have basic knowledge about the topic. Okay, let’s have a small discussion about the word “Essay” before going to know about the Essay Topics in English.

Have you ever heard that the word ‘Essay’ is derived from a Latin word ‘exagium’ that nearly converts to present the one’s case? That means, essays are a piece of writing or portraying one’s experiences, stories, or one’s side of the argument. So, we have come up with this topic to educate the students about the format of the essay, essay writing, types of essays, Essay Topics in English, and some tips for writing essays in any competitions right from schooling to graduation.

Read More: Swami vivekananda paragraph

Essay Writing in English, Topics, Examples, and Format

Coming up with the best essay topic in English could be difficult without having a prior idea about the topic and lack of thorough research. Students who are participating in essay writing competitions at schools, colleges face some issues while writing essays due to the lack of ideas and topics to come up with. To eliminate all these tiny issues at the time of essay writing in English, we have come up with a massive list of good essay topics in English from different categories

The essay topics are categorized based on various situations and they are like technology-based essays, environment essays, argumentative essays, essays on the education system, sports, and many more. These Essay Writing topics are helpful for students from 1st to 10th standards. We have given long and short both forms of essay for every topic listed over here for more help while reading and picking up the ideas to compose an effective essay for your readers.

List of Various Persuasive Essay Topics in English & Examples

The Following list of essay topics in English is crucial & beneficial for students from kindergarten to college. We as a team collected huge essay topics that are similar to a story, pamphlet, thesis, etc. You can use these essay topics in both formal as well as informal. We have focused on both types and gathered this list of English essay topics which are very effective for any type of essay writing competition.

• God’s Beautiful Creation Essay
• Courtesy Costs Nothing but Pays a Lot essay
• Are We Happier Than Our Forefathers Essay
• Importance of Co-Curricular Activities Essay
• Role Of Students In Modern India Essay
• What Can We Learn From History Essay
• Relevance of Gandhian Principles in Today’s World Essay
• Essay on Pursuit of Happiness

Essays on School’s Surroundings and Examinations

• My School Library Essay
• Ideal School Essay
• Essay On Social Service In School
• School Library Essay
• Essay on Annual Function In My School
• Essay on Examination for and Against

Essays on Society & Social Issues

• Communal Harmony Essay
• Dowry System Essay
• Drug Abuse Essay
• Population Explosion Essay
• Global Terrorism Essay
• Terrorism Essay
• Essay on Knowledge Society
• Essay on Our Earth Our Future
• Women Empowerment Essay
• E-Governance Essay

Essays on Education

• Education System In India Essay
• Role of Education in Development Essay
• Essay on My Favourite Subject
• Vocational Education Essay
• Essay On Books
• Essay on My Favourite Book
• Essay On Importance Of Sports And Games In Education
• Choosing a Career Essay

Essays on Relationships

• My Father Essay
• My Mother Essay
• My Family Essay
• Essay on Love
• My Favourite Teacher Essay
• Essay On Friend And Friendship
• Parents As Friends Essay

Essays on Great Personalities

• Essay on Great Leader
• Essay on Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose
• Essay on Mahatma Gandhi
• Jawaharlal Nehru Essay
• Essay on Rabindranath Tagore
• Sachin Tendulkar Essay
• Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel Essay
• Essay on Swami Vivekananda
• Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan Essay
• Rabindranath Tagore Paragraph

Essays on Festivals

• Essay on Holi
• Christmas Essay
• Essay on Diwali
• Indian Festival Essay

Essays on Nature

• Essay On Trees
• Essay On Nature

Essays on Life

• Village Life Essay
• Essay On Life In A Hostel

Essays on Health and Fitness

• Healthy Lifestyle Essay
• Smoking and Drugs Essay
• Morning Walk Essay

Essays on Moral Values

• Discipline Essay
• Good Manners Essay

Essays on Pets and Animals

• Essay on Pets
• The Elephant Essay
• My Pet Cat Essay
• Essay on Dog
• Essay on Animals

Essays on Visits

• A Visit To a Zoo Essay
• Essay on A Visit To A Historical Place
• Essay on A Visit To A Circus
• Essay on A Visit To A Railway Station
• Essay on Visit To A Hill Station

Essays on Events

• Mothers Day Essay
• Independence Day Essay
• Republic Day Essay
• World Food Day
• A Rainy Day Essay

Essays on India

• Slums in India Essay
• Essay on Ideal Indian Village
• Sports in India Essay
• Tourism in India Essay
• India of My Dreams Essay
• Essay on India’s Global Leadership
• Corruption in India Essay
• Democracy in India Essay
• Food Security in India Essay
• Poverty in India Essay

Essays on Pollution

• Essay on Pollution
• Soil Pollution Essay
• Environmental Pollution Essay

Essays on Persons We Come Across

• Essay on Policeman
• Postman Essay
• A Street Hawker Essay
• A Street Beggar Essay

Essays on Sports

• Essay on Cricket Match
• Essay on Football Match

Essays on Myself

• Myself Essay For Girl
• Myself Essay For Boy
• My School Essay
• My Hobby Essay
• My Birthday Essay
• My Class Teacher Essay
• My Best Friend Essay
• My Ambition Essay
• My City Essay
• Essay on The Game I Like Most

Essays on Science & Technology

• Science Is A Good Servant But A Bad Master Essay
• Essay on Uses and Abuses of Science
• Essay on Technology
• Essay On Television
• Aeroplane Essay

Essays on Environmental Issues & Awareness

• Essay on Flood’s Furry
• Essay on Biodiversity
• Climate Change Essay
• Earthquake Essay
• Sustainable Development Essay
• Global Warming Essay

Essay Topics Based on Proverbs

• All That Glitters is Not Gold Essay
• Essay on Where There Is A Will There Is A Way
• The Pen is Mightier Than the Sword Essay
• Time and Tide Wait for None Essay
• Child is the Father of Man Essay

General Essays

• An Ideal Student Essay
• Ambition Essay
• Superstitions Essay
• Gardening As a Hobby Essay
• Advertisements Essay
• Importance Of Newspapers Essay
• A Picnic Essay
• A House on Fire Essay
• National Flag Essay
• Good Citizen Essay

Miscellaneous

• Essay on Aids
• Essay on India
• Heritage of India Essay

• Pick a topic.
• Write the introduction with eye-catchy & attractive lines.
• Prepare an outline or diagram of your ideas.
• Write your thesis statement.
• Write the body by explaining your thesis statement in-depth.
• End with a Conclusion.
• Finally, add the finishing touches.

FAQs on Essay Writing Topics in English

1. How do you write a really good essay?

The following 8 steps are very helpful for all students to write a great essay:

• Analyze the essay prompt.
• Create a thesis statement.
• Make an outline.
• Begin with the body, not the introduction.
• Begin each paragraph with a topic sentence.
• Use credible sources.
• Don’t fake it.
• Conclude your essay.

2. What is an essay format example?

A basic essay format mainly consists of three main parts: Introduction, Body, and Conclusion. If you follow this format while essay writing then you write and organize an essay in an effective way. However, flexibility is important. Choose the best topic and write a persuasive essay by keeping this basic essay format in mind.

3. What are the 4 types of essays?

The four major types of essays address these purposes:

• Narrative Essays
• Descriptive Essays
• Expository Essays
• Persuasive Essays

4. From where can I find the best essay topics in English?

You can easily find the best topics for essay writing in English from our site Ncertbooks.guru or else you can also use the available direct links on this page. Conclusion We at Ncertbooks.Guru helps students in providing various content which improves their knowledge and various skills.

We hope the above-given information about Essay Writing in English, Essay topics, format, and tips has been useful for you to an extent. If you need more data or any assistance regarding essay writing in various languages, please reach us via the comment section below. Stay in touch with us or bookmark our site for getting more alerts & updates on these topics.

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• Short English Essay

English Essay

Are you intimidated about writing interesting essays? Well, there are some basic rules on how to write an essay so as to express one’s side of the argument, experiences, stories, etc. The word ‘essay’ has been derived from the Latin word ‘exagium’, meaning the ‘presentation of a case.’ Essay writing in English is basically making a case for the validity of a particular point of view, analysis, interpretation, or set of facts or procedures pertaining to the essay topics. Correct selection, critical evaluation, organization, and presentation of these facts are key to engrossing essay writing.

Certain essay writing topics in English may be tough but it is not rocket science. Proper chronology and expressive writing can help the writer draw the readers’ attention to a great extent.

Main Types of English Essays

Depending on what the writer wants to convey to his reader, essays can be classified into the following types:

Narrative Essays: Here the writer narrates a real-life incident on a story in the first person. The purpose is to make the reader feel present in the scenario described by the writer.

Descriptive Essays: The writer here describes a memory, a place, an object, or an event such as to evoke the senses of the reader. The idea is to give the reader the essence of the emotion felt by the writer.

Expository Essays: These essays are completely based on facts, statistics, examples, etc that the writer has acquired through extensive study and research. They are mainly thesis and have sub-types like contrast essays, cause and effect essays, etc.

Persuasive Essays: These essays not only present facts but also persuade the reader to agree with the writer’s point of view. These are more like written debates where the writer’s arguments hold the cornerstone.

In order to write a simple essay in English, one needs to follow the following format:

English Essay Format

Introduction

Synopsis of the Topic

Attention-grabbing 

Four to Six Lines

Chronological Lists of Arguments

Systematic Flow

One Paragraph or more

Rephrasing the main Topic and Subtopics

Global Statement or Call to Action

Best Essay Topics

Importance of Family

A Visit to a Historical Monument

Life after a Pandemic Breakout

Importance of Mangroves

Advantages and Disadvantages of Mobile Phones

India- A Land of Diversity

Effects of Technological Development on the Environment

Importance of the Health Sector in the Progress of the Country

Practice more with versatile vocabulary to ace English essay writing.

Essays can be described as a writer which combines authors on argument in a number of various ways. An essay was first to be written by Michael Montaigne who was a French writer who prepared an informal write-up and named that it as an "attempt' . Essay is a French word that means "to try" or "attempt". Essays can be broadly classified into formal and informal.

Formal essays are generally written for series purposes, it is quite dignified, and logical organizations and lengths are kept in mind while writing these types of formal essays.

Informal essays include personal elements which include self-regulation, individual taste, and experiences. It can also involve write-ups that are confidential humerus and depicts a graceful style. Informal sums up a huge type of essay which includes rambling structures and unconventional or Novelty of the theme.

Essays are used in a wide range of applications which includes literary criticism, political manifestos, arguments, observations of daily life, recollections, memorandums, and reflections of the author.

There is three force that makes an essay exist:

The essays can be personal and autobiographical. This type of essay includes some personal details such as the experiences noted by the authors. This simply uses their own way and makes themselves the protagonist to keep their point of view.

The second one is the objective, factual and concrete types of essay. These essays are also personal but are indirect. The author doesn't use himself or herself in order to give a point of view. The author usually uses a particular situation as different peoples who are troubled or are helped by a particular fact objective.

The abstract-universal is the third type of essay. These essays are not at all personal. They are mostly research-oriented. This essay includes things which are not at all related to any type of memory, objective, fact.

Essays include a huge range of types and forms which includes the following bulleted forms:

Cause and Effect:

This format generally discusses a particular problem, the causes, and the effects, also suggestions and includes a proper well-researched write-up.

Classification and Division:

This type of essay sums up the classification and divisions of particular objects and detailed information about those classifications.

Compare and Contrast:

As the name suggests these forms compare two objects with each other and give detailed information about their contrasting characters and criteria.

Narrative types of Essays:

Most of the time these essays are about a story narration or a historical moment. It also includes some autobiographical histories or any type of narration.

Argumentative Types of Essays:

These are truly the author's own suggestions and arguments on the basis of some social or economic issues.

Exposition:

This includes the social evils or any type of negative instances that have been encountered for a long time.

Descriptive:

As the name depicts itself this type of essay is quite a good description of a particular topic.

These are types that include philosophy.

Exemplification

And other logical structures

Essay Topic List

In general, the variety of English essay topics are:

Schools, Examinations

Personalities we come across

Festivals, Functions, and Events

Daily Incidents, Scenes, and Journeys

Relationships

About Myself

Visits/Monuments/Cities

Sports, Health and Fitness

Environmental and Social Awareness

Science and Technologies

National Essays

Current Affairs

Essay on Proverbs

Educational and Moral value Essays

Some Simple Essay Topics Pertaining to School Level Current Essay Topics are:-

A Scene in the Examination Hall

Annual Day Function

My Ambition in Life

My Favorite City

A Journey to a Hill Station/ Beach

Where There is a Will There's a Way

My Role Model

Autobiographies

Biography of a Leader

Right to Education

Some Essay Topics For College Students are:

How does “fake news” change Political and Social Life?

Socio-economic impact of a Global Pandemic

Communism vs. Capitalism

Effects of Technological Development on Mankind

Importance of Health Sector 

During exams, brainstorming a few minutes to frame the chronological idea of arguments can save you from a haphazard representation of the topic. As the proverb goes, “a stitch in time saves nine”, prior practice and through proofing can do wonders in your English essay. 

Points To Remember While Writing Essays:

Do proper research about the topic you are going to write which should include advantages disadvantages and even includes the wrong statement about the particular topic

Your introduction part should be effective.

Essays are considered to be informative. So try not to repeat the lines again and again while writing the body parts. For instance, you should not repeat the sentences in the conclusion part which you have already mentioned in your body or in the introduction part.

Make well-oriented paragraphs with different views and statements.

Even if your write-up has some contrast or conflict involving itself, do not forget to mention them too.

A well oriented essay includes a good introduction a well-written body which further includes advantages and disadvantages points to note your own suggestions except and finally the conclusion part where you update the things about the topic. While writing about some conflicting topics try to note down the positive impact that has been created around.

Essays play an important role in a wide variety of ranges. It is used in academic fields, non-literary fields, magazines, newspapers, and filmmaking too. The documentations not only help in proper knowledge but also provide access to knowledge and wide expressional views of people. Sometimes it is of a particular person, but most of the time, it acts as a representative of a particular group of people.  In today's generation, essays are most appropriately considered as more about research and truth. It helps a writer to reach a large number of people with one's view or sometimes a group of people's view.

FAQs on Short English Essay

1. What is an Essay?

An essay is a form of writing where the writer shares his or her experience, ideas, observations, and arguments about an incident, person, people, or issue.

2. How to write an engrossing Essay?

The basic steps to write an interesting essay are:

Brainstorm to generate multiple potential ideas

Write down every idea you think of

Include variations in vocabulary

Proofread your essay thoroughly

Practice more to make it perfect

3. What are some of the important current Essay Topics?

A current essay topics list looks something like this:

Environmental Awareness

Renewable Energy

Socio-economic effects of a Global Pandemic

Effect of Technology on Young Minds 

Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning

Urban vs. Rural Lifestyle

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Essay in English | Essay Writing Topics, Format, Tips

February 12, 2024 by Veerendra

Are you searching for Essay Writing Topics in English for various competitions and speeches for school events? Then you are on the right page here you will get all kinds of topics for essay writing in English. As we have gathered numerous essay topics in long and short forms for all classes students. Yes, what you heard is correct, this page is filled with Long essays for classes 10, 9, 8, 7, and Short essays for classes 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1. So, anyone can check out this Essay Writing in English Article on AplusTopper for school events & competitions.

Moreover, you can also find 10 lines on the selected far topic in English for the speeches in school programs. These Ten lines in English will assists students and teachers at the time of school speeches on special events. Hence, students can refer to the below provided massive list of essays in English and participate in any kind of events conducted by schools. For the sake of class 1 to 10 students, we have also covered 10 Lines and Essay on ‘My School’ in English and Hindi here.

• Class 1 Essay Topics
• Class 2 Essay Topics
• Class 3 Essay Topics
• Class 4 Essay Topics
• Class 5 Essay Topics
• Essay Topics for Class 6
• Essay Topics for Class 7
• Essay Topics for Class 8
• Essay Topics for Class 9
• Essay Topics for Class 10

Essay on School’s Surroundings and Examinations

• Essay on Festivals

Essay on Persons We Come Across

• Essay on About Myself

Essay on Relationships

Essay on visits, essay on scenes, sights, and journeys, essay on health and fitness, essay on personalities/people, essay on events, essay on monuments, essay on vacation/holidays, nature essay.

• Essay on Sports

Essay on Cities

• Essay on Life

Essay on Animals

General essays, global warming, essay on environmental issues & awareness, essay topics based on proverbs, essay on moral values, education essay.

• Essay on India

Essay on Science & Technology

Essay on social issues & social awareness, argumentative essay topics, types of essays, basic format of an essay, tips for essay writing in english, essay in english | list of essay writing topics in english.

Students, here is the list of a massive collection of various kinds of essays in English. No matter where you are from, our list will assist you to the fullest with any kind of essay you need. Because we have provided different categories of Essays in English such as General Essays, Education Essay, Essay on India, Essay on Personalities/People, Essay on Persons We Come Across, Essay on About Myself, Essay on School’s Surroundings and Examinations, Essay on Visits, Essay on Scenes, Sights and Journeys, Essay on Science & Technology and Environment, Essay on Animals, etc.

Moreover, you can also discover in some other categories like Essay on Festivals, Functions, and Celebrations, Essay on Cities, Essay on National Days, Essay on Social Issues & Social Awareness, Essay on Monuments, Essay on Relationships, Essay on Sports, Essay on Environmental Issues, Essay on Proverb, Essay on Moral Values, Essay on Nature, Essay on Health, etc. for students of lower and higher classes. On all these categories of topics, you will found long essays, short essays, and 10 lines in English so make use of these essays in essay writing competitions and speeches and win the first prizes at school events.

Essay Topics in English

The following are different types of essay topics in English for students who are categorized in many sections so that you can easily choose the topic as per your need and requirement.

• My School Essay
• A Farewell Party Essay
• Students’ Unrest Essay
• My School Life Essay
• Importance Of School Essay
• The Day Before an Examination Essay
• My Experience in the Examination Hall Essay
• Examination Fever Essay
• Prize Distribution Function in My School Essay
• Copying in the Examination Essay
• A Scene in the Examination Hall Essay
• When the Last Bell Goes Essay
• Recess in the School Essay
• An Ideal Student Essay
• Our School Canteen Essay
• If I were the Principal of My School! Essay
• Complete Blackout a Day Before Examination Essay
• My First Day in School Essay
• Sports Day in My School Essay
• Essay on Inter School Competition
• School Uniforms Essay
• Competitive Essay

Essay on Festivals, Functions, and Celebrations

• Essay on Eid
• Onam Festival
• Makar Sankranti Essay
• Essay on Christmas
• Festivals of India Essay
• Ganesh Chaturthi Essay
• Durga Puja Essay
• Deepawali Essay
• Janmashtami Essay
• Essay on Baisakhi
• Dussehra Essay
• Annual Day Function Essay
• Raksha Bandhan Essay
• Essay on Postman
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• My Favorite Newspaper Essay
• My Favourite Author Chetan Bhagat Essay
• The Person Who Influenced Me the Most Essay
• Essay on I Love My Family
• My Sister Essay
• My Family Essay
• Fathers Day Essay
• Romeo and Juliet Essay
• Essay on Importance of Family
• My Mother Essay
• Mother Tongue Essay
• Essay on Grandmother
• Essay on Mother’s Love
• My Father Essay
• Essay About Myself
• My Best Friend Essay
• Essay on Friendship
• Essay on Relationship
• Essay on A Good Friend
• Essay on Importance of Friends in our Life
• Essay on Teacher
• Essay on My Teacher
• Essay on My Favourite Teacher
• Essay on Grandparents
• Essay on Love
• Death Penalty Essay
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• A Visit to the Zoo Essay
• A Visit to a Cinema Show Essay
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• A Visit to an Exhibition Essay
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• An Indian Temple Essay
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• An Hour at the Railway Platform Essay
• A Walk by the Countryside Essay
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• A Drowning Tragedy Essay
• A Railway Accident Essay
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• Psychology Essay
• Diabetes Essay
• Euthanasia Essay
• Essay on Yoga
• Junk Food Essay
• Health and Fitness Essay
• Obesity Essay
• Childhood Obesity Essay
• Healthy Lifestyle Essay
• Essay on Cancer
• Essay on Importance of Yoga
• Essay on Happiness
• Essay on Health
• Essay on Addiction
• Essay on AIDS
• Essay on Environment and Human Health
• Abortion Essay
• Aabortion Argumentative Essay
• Essay on Drug Addiction
• Essay on Fit India Abhiyan
• Mudra Yojana Essay
• Essay on Ayushman Bharat Yojana
• Essay on Organic Food
• Essay on Addiction of Junk Food
• Health And Hygiene Essay
• Balanced Diet Essay
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• Ambedkar Jayanti Essay
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• Essay on Red Fort
• Essay on Qutub Minar
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• The Joys of Summer Essay
• An Unusual Summer Vacation Essay
• Essay on Summer Vacation
• How I Spent My Summer Vacation Essay
• Essay on My Plans for Summer Vacation
• Essay on Holidays
• Essay on Vacation
• Essay on Summer Camp
• Essay on Winter Vacation
• A Hot Summer Day Essay
• Essay on Effects of Deforestation
• Water is Precious Essay
• Marijuana Essay
• Essay on Nature
• Essay on Spring Season
• Essay on Rainy Season
• Winter Season Essay
• Seasons In India Essay
• Summer Season Essay
• Essay on Forest
• Essay on Water
• My Garden Essay
• Essay on Natural Resources
• Essay on Rainy Day
• Essay on Natural Resources Depletion
• Afforestation Essay
• Essay on Save Water Save Life
• Essay on Save Water Save Earth
• Essay on Conservation of Natural Resources
• Essay on Value of Oxygen and Water in Life/Earth
• Earthquake Essay
• Extracurricular Activities Essay
• Essay on Basketball
• Essay on My Favourite Game Badminton
• Essay on Badminton
• Cricket Essay
• Essay on Football
• Essay on Hockey
• Essay on Adventure
• Essay on Mountain Climbing
• Essay on Sports and Games
• A Football Match Essay
• A Cricket Match Essay
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• Importance Of Sports Essay
• Essay on Smart City
• Hyderabad Essay
• Essay on Goa
• Essay on Agra
• Essay on Mysore
• Essay on Solapur
• Essay on Guwahati
• Essay on Chandigarh
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• Essay on Vijayawada
• Essay on Coimbatore
• Essay on Jabalpur
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• Essay on Allahabad
• Essay on Navi Mumbai
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• Essay on Dhanbad
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• Essay on Kalyan Dombivli
• Essay on Varanasi
• Essay on Rajkot
• Essay on Meerut
• Essay on Faridabad
• Essay on Ranchi
• Essay on Nashik
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• Essay on Patna
• Essay on Bhopal
• Essay on Thane
• Essay on Indore
• Essay on Nagpur
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• Essay on Lucknow
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• Essay on Pune
• Essay on Surat
• Essay on Kolkata
• Essay on Chennai
• Essay on Ahmedabad
• Essay on Bangalore
• Essay on Delhi
• Essay on Mumbai
• A Historical City (Delhi) Essay
• The City I Live in Essay
• Essay on Vishakapatnam
• Does Your City Need Beautification? Essay
• Suicide Essay
• Pro Life Essay
• Life in a Big City Essay
• Town Life and Country Life Essay
• Village Life Essay
• Essay on City Life Vs Village Life
• Essay on Life on Mars
• Essay on Impact of Cinema in Life
• Essay on Life in an Indian Village
• Essay on Life in a Big City
• A Happy Life Essay
• Country Life Essay
• Importance of Success in Life Essay
• Success Definition Essay
• Academic Success Essay
• Life of A Nurse Essay
• A Rose for Emily Essay
• My Life in 10 Years Essay
• Why Abortion Should Be Banned Essay
• Animal Farm Essay
• Cruelty to Animals Essay
• Essay on Cow
• Essay on Tiger
• Essay on Save Tigers
• Essay on Elephant
• Essay on My Pet Animal
• Essay on My Favourite Animal
• Essay On Peacock
• Essay on My Pet Cat
• Essay on Parrot
• Essay on My Pet Dog
• The Horse Essay
• Camel Essay
• The Crow Essay
• Essay on Peacock
• Animal Testing Essay
• Animal Right Essay
• Essay on Vasai-Virar
• Essay on Hubli–Dharwad
• Essay on Barack Obama
• Essay on Olympics
• Marijuana Argumentative Essay
• Semantic Barriers in Peoples Communication English Language Essay
• The Term Dalit Literature English Literature Essay
• Importance of Advertising Essay
• Global Warming and Greenhouse Gas emission Essay
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• National Curriculum Framework Education Essay
• Importance of Being Earnest Essay
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• Impact of Globalisation Essay
• Right to Privacy Essay
• Poetry Analysis Essay
• Informative Essay
• Critical Analysis Essay
• Value of Games Essay
• Cyberbullying Essay
• Income Inequality Essay
• Essay on Leadership Qualities
• The Impact of Drug Legalization on the Economy Essay
• Critical Reflection Essay
• Essay on Faith
• How to Tame a Wild Tongue Essay
• Career Aspirations Essay
• Domestic Language Essay
• Language Essay
• Utilitarianism Essay
• Renaissance Essay
• Huck Finn Essay
• Pearl Harbour Essay
• Motherhood Essay
• Business Essay
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• Christopher Columbus Essay
• Texting While Driving Essay
• Fences Essay
• Autism Essay
• Essay on Stereotype
• Body Image Essay
• English as a Global Language Essay
• Should Cellphones be Allowed in School Essay
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• Stress Management Essay
• Essay on to Kill a Mocking Bird
• Essay on Business World
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• Science and Religion Essay
• Cultural Differences Essay
• Use of Mathematics in Daily Life Essay
• Inter State Water Disputes Essay
• Essay on Demonetisation
• Essay on Patience
• Affirmative Action Essay
• Freedom Definition Essay
• American Exceptionalism Essay
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• Electoral College Essay
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• Death of a Salesman Essay
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• Essay On Conservation Of Natural Resources
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• Essay on Agriculture and Rural Development
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• Essay on Bank
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• Essay on Gardening
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• Essay on A Journey by Train
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• Road Accidents Essay
• Indian Cinema Essay
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• Essay on Leisure
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• Essay On Things Fall Apart
• Tuskegee Experiment Essay
• Difference Between Islam And Christianity Essay
• Global Warming Argumentative Essay
• Global Warming Essay
• Essay on Global Warming
• Global Warming Solutions Essay
• Global Warming History Essay
• Causes of Global Warming Essay
• Effects of Global Warming Essay
• Prevention of Global Warming Essay
• Causes and Effects of Global Warming Essay
• Consequences of Global Warming Essay
• Green House Effect and Global Warming Essay
• Global Warming and Greenhouse Gas Emissions Essay
• Global Warming and Climate Change Essay
• Essay on History of Global Warming
• Essay on Role of Human activities in Global Warming
• Essay on Greenhouse Effect Essay on Impact of Global Warming on Oceans
• Essay on Effects of Global Warming on Coral Reefs
• Nuclear Pollution Essay
• Pollution Essay
• Plastic Pollution Essay
• Essay on Industrial Pollution
• Water Pollution Essay
• Pollution: A Threat to Life Essay
• Speech on Pollution
• Essay on Pollution due to Urbanization
• Essay on Pollution and its Effects
• Pollution due to Festivals Essay
• Essay on Pollution Due to Firecrackers
• Essay on Water Scarcity
• Deforestation Essay
• Air Pollution Essay
• Soil Pollution Essay
• Noise Pollution Essay
• Essay on Environmental Pollution
• Essay on Vehicle Pollution
• Land Pollution Essay
• Essay on Pollution Due to Diwali
• Essay on Thermal Pollution
• Importance of Environment Essay
• Surgical Strike Essay
• Essay on Disaster Management
• Trees are our Best Friends Essay
• Reconstruction Essay
• Environment Essay
• Essay on Environment
• Essay on COVID
• Essay On Save Earth
• Save Earth Essay
• Disaster Management Essay
• Climate Change Essay
• Biodiversity Essay
• Essay on Conservation of Biodiversity
• Essay on Loss of Biodiversity
• Essay on Acid Rain
• Essay on Drought
• Essay on Flood
• Recycling Essay
• Essay on Benefits of Planting Trees
• Tree Plantation Essay
• Importance of Trees Essay
• Essay on Waste Management
• Essay on Environment Protection
• Essay on Environment and Development
• Plastic – a Boon or a Bane? Essay
• Eco-friendly Living and Sustainable Development Essay
• Plastic Ban Essay
• Say No To Plastic Essay
• Essay on Plastic Bags
• Why Plastic Bags Should be Banned Essay
• Essay on Save Environment
• Essay on Environmental Issues
• Essay on the Importance of Trees in our Life
• Essay on Importance of Water
• Essay on Ocean Acidification
• Essay on Ocean Dumping
• Essay on Organic Farming
• Essay on Ozone Layer Depletion
• Essay on Littering
• Cleanliness is next to Godliness Essay
• Energy Conservation Essay
• Tsunami Essay
• River Linking Project Essay
• Essay on Non Conventional Sources of Energy
• Green Revolution Essay
• American Revolution Essay
• Tiger Conservation Essay
• Importance of Clean Environment Essay
• Every Cloud has a Silver Lining Essay
• Health is Wealth Essay
• Honesty Is The Best Policy Essay
• Knowledge is Power Essay
• Essay on Practice makes a Man Perfect
• Work is Worship
• Time and Tide Wait for None Essay
• Prevention Is Better Than Cure Essay
• Where there is a will there is a way Essay
• God helps those who help themselves Essay
• A Friend in Need is a Friend Indeed Essay
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• Child is The Father of Man Essay
• The Pen is Mightier than the Sword
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• “A Loaf Of Bread” by James Alan McPherson Essay
• Carter Racing Case Study Essay
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• Reasons for Pursuing Higher Education Essay
• Internship Application Essay Example
• Essay on Simple Living High Thinking
• Essay on Positive Thinking
• Unity Is Strength Essay
• Essay on Laughter is the Best Medicine
• Essay on Rome was not Built in a Day
• Essay on Charity Begins at Home
• Essay on A Stitch in Time Saves Nine
• All that Glitters is not Gold Essay
• Essay on Time is Money
• Importance of Being on Time Essay
• Should Columbus Day is a National Holiday
• A Thing of Beauty is A Joy Forever Essay
• If Winter Comes Can Spring Be Far Behind Essay
• A Little Knowledge Is A Dangerous Thing Essay
• Look Before You Leap Essay
• Sweet Are The Uses of Adversity Essay
• Failures are The Pillars of Success Essay
• Small is Beautiful Essay
• The Early Bird Catches The Worm Essay
• When The Going Gets Tough The Tough Gets Going Essay
• Uneasy Lies The Head That Wears The Crown Essay
• India Through My Eyes Essay
• Spare the Rod and Spoil the Child Essay
• Moral Values Essay
• Essay on Values
• Essay on Punctuality
• Discipline Essay
• Essay on Value of Time
• Essay on Honesty
• Essay on Integrity
• Essay on my Duty towards my Country
• Essay on Rights and Responsibilities of Citizens
• Essay on Good Manners
• Time Management Essay
• Essay on Ethics
• Essay on Kindness
• Essay on Importance of Good Manners in Life
• Essay on Time
• Essay on Self-Discipline and its Importance
• Importance of Communication Essay
• Essay topics for High School Students
• Model Essay for UPSC
• Essay Books for UPSC
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• IAS Essay Topics
• CAPF Essay Topics
• Bullying in School Essay
• Engineering Essay
• Essay on Online Education
• Importance of College Education Essay
• Why do you want to go to College Essay
• Schools Essay
• Study Abroad Essay
• Importance of English Language Essay
• The Importance of Education Essay
• Essay On Women Education
• Education System in India
• Best Education System in the World
• An Educational Tour Essay
• Speech on Education
• Essay on Education
• Education Should be Free Essay
• Contribution of Technology in Education
• Essay on Girl Education
• Women Education in India Essay
• Essay on Adult Education
• Essay on Career
• Essay on My Favourite Subject
• Essay on Communication
• Essay on My School Library
• Essay on My School Picnic
• Essay on Vocational Education
• Essay on My School Life
• Essay on Reading is Good Habit
• Essay on Advantages and Disadvantages of Hostel Life
• Essay on A Picnic with Family
• Essay on Library and Its Uses
• Essay on Knowledge
• Essay on Books
• Essay on Importance of Adult Education
• Essay on Mahatma Gandhi’s Educational Philosophy
• Essay on My School Fest/School Carnival
• Essay on Life after School
• Essay on Health Education
• Essay on My Favourite Author
• Autobiography of A Book Essay
• Essay On Right To Education
• Use Of Technology In Education Essay
• Sex Education In School Essay
• Essay on Books And Reading
• John Locke Essay Competition 
• Importance of Voting Essay
• Essay on Christianity
• Euthanasia In India Essay
• Religions Essay
• India China Relations Essay
• National Emblem Essay
• Essay on Indian Flag/National Flag
• Essay on Unity in Diversity
• Make In India Essay
• Digital India Essay
• Essay on Digital Marketing
• Indian Culture And Tradition Essay
• Essay on Ek Bharat Shreshtha Bharat
• Essay on Start-up India Stand-up India
• Essay on Cashless India
• Essay on Nationalism
• Essay on Democracy in India
• Essay on Fundamental Rights
• Essay on Freedom of Speech
• Essay on Role of Science in Making India
• Essay on My City
• Essay on Patriotism
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• Essay on Freedom of Press in India
• Essay on Democracy vs. Dictatorship
• Essay on Role of Judiciary in the Country Today
• Essay on National Festivals of India
• Essay on Unity
• Essay on Indian Army
• Army Values Essay
• Essay on Indian Politics
• Essay on Indian Heritage
• Essay on Indian Economy
• Essay on Road Trip
• Essay on Life of Soldiers
• Demonetisation Essay
• Election Essay
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• Essay on Election and Democracy
• Essay on Constitution of India
• Essay on Article 370 of Indian Constitution
• Essay on Article 35A of Indian Constitution
• Essay on Article 15 of Indian Constitution
• Essay on Section 377 of Indian Penal Code
• Essay on Casteism in India
• Essay on My Country India
• Essay on Forests of India
• Wildlife in India Essay
• Essay on Democracy has Failed in India
• Patriotism Essay

Economy & Infrastructure

• Water Resources In India Essay
• Essay On Mineral Wealth Of India
• Transport In India Essay
• Banking In India Essay
• Essay On Economic Reforms In India
• Essay On Democratic Decentralisation
• Essay On ATM Machine
• Essay On Inflation
• Essay On Plastic Money
• Essay On E-Commerce
• Essay On Foreign Direct Investment
• Importance of Technology Essay
• Importance of Computer Essay
• Pros and Cons of Social Media Essay
• Indian Space Program Essay
• Your Future Depends on Your Aspirations Essay
• Plagiarism Essay
• Essay on Science and Technology
• Essay On Internet
• Essay on Disadvantages of Internet
• Role of Computers and Internet in Our Lives Essay
• Uses Of Internet Essay
• Essay on ComputerEssay On Computer
• Technology Essay
• Wonder of Science Essay
• Service And Technology Essay
• Mobiles and Ipods – Should Their Use Be Restricted? Essay
• Television in our Daily Life Essay
• Essay on Science
• Essay on ISRO
• Essay on Wonders of Science
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• Social Media Essay
• Man vs. Machine Essay
• Essay On Mobile Phone
• Social Networking Sites Essay
• Essay on Social Media Addiction
• Essay on Computer Addiction
• Essay on Technology Addiction
• Essay on Mobile Addiction
• Essay on TV Addiction
• My Favourite Game Essay
• Essay on PUBG Mobile Game Addiction
• Essay on Addictions and Future of Youth of India
• Essay on Internet Addiction
• Essay on Video Games Addiction
• Essay on Cyber Security
• Essay on Ransomware
• Cyber Crime Essay
• Essay on Addiction to Gadgets
• Google Essay
• Essay on Computer
• Essay on Telephone
• Essay On UFO
• Advancements In Medical Technology Essay
• Life On Moon Essay
• Mobile Phones Essay
• Essay on Disadvantage of Mobile Phones
• Cloning Essay
• Supercomputer Essay
• E-Waste Essay
• Cloud Computing Essay
• Robotics Essay
• Internet Is Boon Or Bane Essay
• Science Is A Boon Or Curse Essay
• Role of Media Essay
• Internet is a Boon Essay
• Essay on Barriers to Empowerment of Women in India
• Essay on Consumer Rights
• Consumerism Essay
• Civil Rights Essay
• Causes of World War 1 Essay
• Social Justice Essay
• Corruption Essay
• Essay on Sociology Topics
• Sociology Essay
• Causes of the Civil War Essay
• French Revolution Essay
• Cold War Essay
• World War 1 Essay
• World War 2 Essay
• Causes of World War 2 Essay
• Uniform Civil Code Essay
• Racism Essay
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• Essay on Child Labour
• Essay on Cleanliness
• Essay on Terrorism
• Global Terrorism Essay
• How to Eradicate Corruption Essay
• National Integration Essay
• Essay on Swachh Bharat Abhiyan
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Recognizing types of essays is just an issue of deciding the writer’s goal. And it depends on what the writer wants to convey to the audience or portray something, or clarify an issue, or persuade the reader to acknowledge a certain perspective. There are generally four major types of essays as follows:

1. Narrative Essays: In this type of essay, the writer will narrate an incident or story in the form of an essay. And also the writer makes these types of essays as vivid and real as possible.

2. Descriptive Essays: Here the writer will explain about a place, an object, an event, or might even a special memory not just merely. He/she describe it by painting a picture with the words. This type of essay will connect readers emotionally to the essay.

3. Expository Essays: Writer provides a balanced study of a topic in this type of essay. To make this possible, the writer should require real and extensive knowledge about the subject. The main thing that you must know while writing your essay in an expository type is no space for the writer’s feelings or emotions. Why because expository essays totally depend on statistics, facts, examples, etc. Also, you can see sub-types in this type like cause and effect essays, contrast essays, and many more.

4. Persuasive Essays: In such an essay a writer should present the facts along with an attempt to convince the reader with the writer’s point of view. The purpose of this essay is to present both sides of the argument. Eventually, the main aim is to influence the audience that the writer’s argument holds more weight.

A basic essay contains three main parts such as Introduction, body, and conclusion. If you follow this format then it helps you compose and organize an essay. However, flexibility is important. Hence, follow the basic structure while writing essays in English. Let us take a look at the general format of an essay which is described below in the form of an image.

Parts of an Essay:

Introduction:  In the first paragraph, the writer should compose an attention-grabbing hook line of the topic where the audience needs to attract and connects with your essay initially. The writer has to introduce a very brief summary of an essay in the first paragraph. Generally, it should not extend to very long, needs to end in about 4-6 lines.

Thesis Statement:  The thesis statement shortly states the main concepts of the essay, sets limits on the topics, and can imply the organization of the essay. For the entire essay, thesis statements work as a road map, by showing the readers what you have to tell and which main points you will utilize to promote your ideas.

Body: The main points which are presented in the thesis are supported by the body part of an essay. Each and every point will be developed by one or more paras and supports with particular details. Compose the information in a systematic flow and provide a confusion-free essay to the reader for better involvement.

Conclusion: In the concluding paragraph, the writer should focus on concluding transition, reverse “hook”, and restatement of the thesis. Also, rephrasing main topics and subtopics, global statements, or call to action lines should be added at the end of an essay.

The following are some of the tips that should be maintained while writing an essay in English for any type of event. Have a look at the below points and follow:

• Present your essay with an interesting and suitable Title. It aids to pull the attention of the audience and provoke their curiosity.
• Maintain it between 300-500 words. Why because people always attract to read the short essays generally and the range mentioned here is the ideal length. If you want to increase or decrease it then you should take a creative license.
• Use simple and crisp language while writing an essay in English. Don’t go deep and stop complicating the essay by using difficult words to read. As it breaks the flow of the sentence while reading.
• It is necessary to recheck it again after finishing the essay because making grammar mistakes is not acceptable in any essay writings. So, use correct punctuation and spellings and make your reader connected with an essay.
• Prior to the start of an essay organize your thought and outline a rough draft. Like this, you can ensure that your story will flow and not create a mess.

Final Words

We hope you found your required topic to participate in essay writing in English at school events. If you need more assistance while writing essays in English, reach us via comments or visit our site Aplustopper for more support from our export team related to Essay Writing Topics in English.

FAQs on English Essay Writing

1.  How to write a Good Essay in English?

For any formal writing things, you should keep in mind is Introduction, Body, and Conclusion. Your Intro should be short and precise and convey what the subject is. The body should cover all the points regarding the topic and the conclusion should connect all the dots.

2. What are the best tips for Essay Writing?

Make sure you have researched all the content, information accuracy checked. Try writing an essay in a way that the user finds it interesting and develops enthusiasm in it and finishes it completely. Write the first paragraph interesting as it draws the user’s attention and they keep them going.

3. What is the best and simple way to write an Essay?

Introduction Paragraph and what you would like to discuss in it. Quotes or references if any followed by a Thesis Statement. Supporting Paragraphs for your Thesis Statement and a Conclusion Statement at the end.

4. How can I improve my essay writing skills?

Make an outline. Know what you are going to write about before you start writing. Acquire a solid understanding of basic grammar, style, and punctuation. Use the right vocabulary. Understand the argument and critically analyze the evidence. Know how to write a proper conclusion that supports your research.

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Essay Topics – List of 500+ Essay Writing Topics and Ideas

List of 500+ essay writing topics and ideas.

Essay topics in English can be difficult to come up with. While writing essays , many college and high school students face writer’s block and have a hard time to think about topics and ideas for an essay. In this article, we will list out many good essay topics from different categories like argumentative essays, essays on technology, environment essays for students from 5th, 6th, 7th, 8th grades. Following list of essay topics are for all – from kids to college students. We have the largest collection of essays. An essay is nothing but a piece of content which is written from the perception of writer or author. Essays are similar to a story, pamphlet, thesis, etc. The best thing about Essay is you can use any type of language – formal or informal. It can biography, the autobiography of anyone. Following is a great list of 100 essay topics. We will be adding 400 more soon!

But Before that you may wanna read some awesome Essay Writing Tips here .

Get the Huge list of 100+ Speech Topics here

Argumentative Essay Topics

• Should plastic be banned?
• Pollution due to Urbanization
• Education should be free
• Should Students get limited access to the Internet?
• Selling Tobacco should be banned
• Smoking in public places should be banned
• Facebook should be banned
• Students should not be allowed to play PUBG

Essay Topics on Technology

• Wonder Of Science
• Mobile Phone

Essay Topics on Festivals on Events

• Independence Day (15 August)
• Teachers Day
• Summer Vacation
• Children’s Day
• Swachh Bharat Abhiyan
• Janmashtami
• Republic Day

Essay Topics on Education

• Education Essay
• Importance of Education
• Contribution of Technology in Education

Essay Topics on Famous Leaders

• Mahatma Gandhi
• APJ Abdul Kalam
• Jawaharlal Nehru
• Swami Vivekananda
• Mother Teresa
• Rabindranath Tagore
• Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel
• Subhash Chandra Bose
• Abraham Lincoln
• Martin Luther King
• Lal Bahadur Shashtri

Essay Topics on Animals and Birds

• My Favorite Animal

Essays Topics About Yourself

• My Best Friend
• My Favourite Teacher
• My Aim In Life
• My Favourite Game – Badminton
• My Favourite Game – Essay
• My Favourite Book
• My Ambition
• How I Spent My Summer Vacation
• India of My Dreams
• My School Life
• I Love My Family
• My Favourite Subject
• My Favourite Game Badminton
• My Father My Hero
• My School Library
• My Favourite Author
• My plans for summer vacation

Essay Topics Based on Environment and Nature

• Global Warming
• Environment
• Air Pollution
• Environmental Pollution
• Water Pollution
• Rainy Season
• Climate Change
• Importance Of Trees
• Winter Season
• Deforestation
• Natural Disasters
• Save Environment
• Summer Season
• Trees Our Best Friend Essay In English

Essay Topics Based on Proverbs

• Health Is Wealth
• A Stitch in Time Saves Nine
• An Apple a Day Keeps Doctor Away
• Where there is a will, there is way
• Time and Tide wait for none

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Essay Topics for Students from 6th, 7th, 8th Grade

• Noise Pollution
• Environment Pollution
• Women Empowerment
• Time and Tide Wait for none
• Science and Technology
• Importance of Sports
• Sports and Games
• Time Management
• Cleanliness is next to Godliness
• Cleanliness
• Rome was not Built in a Day
• Unemployment
• Clean India
• Cow Essay In English
• Describe Yourself
• Festivals Of India
• Ganesh Chaturthi
• Healthy Food
• Importance Of Water
• Plastic Pollution
• Value of Time
• Honesty is the Best Policy
• Gandhi Jayanti
• Human Rights
• Knowledge Is Power
• Same Sex Marriage
• Childhood Memories
• Cyber Crime
• Kalpana Chawla
• Punctuality
• Rani Lakshmi Bai
• Spring Season
• Unity In Diversity
• Artificial Intelligence
• Online Shopping
• Indian Culture
• Healthy Lifestyle
• Indian Education System
• Disaster Management
• Environmental Issues
• Freedom Fighters
• Grandparents
• Save Fuel For Better Environment
• Importance Of Newspaper
• Lal Bahadur Shastri
• Raksha Bandhan
• World Environment Day
• Narendra Modi
• What Is Religion
• Charity Begins at Home
• A Journey by Train
• Ideal student
• Save Water Save Earth
• Indian Farmer
• Safety of Women in India
• Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan
• Capital Punishment
• College Life
• Natural Resources
• Peer Pressure
• Nature Vs Nurture
• Romeo And Juliet
• Generation Gap
• Makar Sankranti
• Constitution of India
• Girl Education
• Importance of Family
• Importance of Independence Day
• Brain Drain
• A Friend In Need Is A Friend Indeed
• Action Speaks Louder Than Words
• All That Glitters Is Not Gold
• Bhagat Singh
• Demonetization
• Agriculture
• Importance of Discipline
• Population Explosion
• Poverty in India
• Uses Of Mobile Phones
• Water Scarcity
• Train Journey
• Land Pollution
• Environment Protection
• Indian Army
• Uses of Internet
• All that Glitters is not Gold
• Balanced Diet
• Blood Donation
• Digital India
• Dussehra Essay
• Energy Conservation
• National Integration
• Railway Station
• Sachin Tendulkar
• Health And Hygiene
• Importance Of Forest
• Indira Gandhi
• Laughter Is The Best Medicine
• Career Goals
• Mental Health
• Save Water Save Life
• International Yoga Day
• Winter Vacation
• Soil Pollution
• Every Cloud Has A Silver Lining
• Indian Culture And Tradition
• Unity Is Strength
• Unity is Diversity
• Wildlife Conservation
• Cruelty To Animals
• Nelson Mandela
• Of Mice And Men
• Organ Donation
• Life in a Big City
• Democracy in India
• Waste Management
• Biodiversity
• Afforestation
• Female Foeticide
• Harmful Effects Of Junk Food
• Rain Water Harvesting
• Save Electricity
• Social Media
• Social Networking Sites
• Sound Pollution
• Procrastination
• Life in an Indian Village
• Life in Big City
• Population Growth
• World Population Day
• Greenhouse Effect
• Statue of Unity
• Traffic Jam
• Beti Bachao Beti Padhao
• Importance of Good Manners
• Good Manners
• Cyber Security
• Green Revolution
• Health And Fitness
• Incredible India
• Make In India
• Surgical Strike
• Triple Talaq
• A Good Friend
• Importance of Friends in our Life
• Should Plastic be Banned
• Nationalism
• Traffic Rules
• Effects of Global Warming
• Fundamental Rights
• Solar System
• National Constitution Day
• Good Mother
• Importance of Trees in our Life
• City Life Vs Village Life
• Importance of Communication
• Conservation of Nature
• Man vs. Machine
• Indian Economy
• Mothers Love
• Importance of National Integration
• Black Money
• Greenhouse effect
• Untouchability
• Self Discipline
• Global Terrorism
• Conservation of Biodiversity
• Newspaper and Its Uses
• World Health Day
• Conservation of Natural Resources
• A Picnic with Family
• Indian Heritage
• Status of Women in India
• Child is Father of the Man
• Reading is Good Habit
• Plastic Bag
• Terrorism in India
• Library and Its Uses
• Life on Mars
• Urbanization
• Pollution Due to Diwali
• National Flag of India
• Vocational Education
• Importance of Tree Plantation
• Summer Camp
• Vehicle Pollution
• Women Education in India
• Seasons in India
• Freedom of the Press
• Caste System
• Environment and Human Health
• Mountain Climbing
• Depletion of Natural Resources
• Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar
• Health Education
• Effects of Deforestation
• Life after School
• Starvation in India
• Jan Dhan Yojana
• Impact of Privatization
• Election Commission of India
• Election and Democracy
• Prevention of Global Warming
• Impact of Cinema in Life
• Subhas Chandra Bose
• Dowry System
• Ganesh Chaturthi Festival
• Role of Science in Making India
• Impact of Global Warming on Oceans
• Pollution due to Festivals
• Ambedkar Jayanti
• Ek Bharat Shreshtha Bharat
• Family Planning in India
• Democracy vs Dictatorship
• National Festivals of India
• Sri Aurobindo
• Casteism in India
• Organ trafficking
• Consequences of Global Warming
• Role of Human Activities in Global Warming
• Issues and Problems faced by Women in India
• Role of Judiciary in the Country Today
• Sugamya Bharat Abhiyan
• PUBG Mobile Game Addiction
• Role of Youths in Nation Building
• Value of Oxygen and Water in Life/Earth
• Farmer Suicides in India
• Start-up India
• Pollution Due to Firecrackers
• Life of Soldiers
• Child Labour
• Save Girl Child
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Essay Writing

Essays are pieces of writing that are longer than just a paragraph but not quite as long as a full-length book. Essay writing is an excellent way for students to demonstrate their understanding of various topics. Essays are typically assigned when a teacher wants students to think critically about the scope of the class or when they want to assess how much information was retained during class. Teachers can give essay-writing assignments or conduct competitions at any time during the academic year.

To learn how to write an essay, click on essay writing topics for children .

Essays are generally used in schools where students are expected to gather information from multiple sources and synthesise it into one written piece of work.

Essay writing in English is often a part of the curriculum for students attending primary or high school classes. This skill can be learned through practice with early writing assignments. There are broadly four types of essays: narrative essays, descriptive essays, expository essays and persuasive essays.

Importance of Essay Writing

Essay writing is an integral part of the curriculum. They are used to assess our knowledge and evaluate our understanding based on our study of certain subjects.

Essay writing is a skill that everyone should learn. It will help in many aspects of life, from school to interviews and other real-life situations. There are a lot of services available online that can help with this challenging task. If students are unsure how to write an essay, use a free essay writing service to provide tips and tricks for writing a good one.

Essays are an essential part of any modern education, and they are also handy for professional purposes. They help students learn how to organise their thoughts, communicate effectively, and develop research skills, among others.

If you’re not sure where to start with essay writing, take a look at this article. For more essay topics for kids, visit BYJU’S website.

Frequently Asked Questions on Essay Writing

Why is essay writing an integral part of the curriculum.

Essay writing is an integral part of the curriculum because it is a skill that everyone should learn. It helps students learn how to organise their thoughts, communicate effectively, develop research skills, etc. It will also help in many aspects of life, such as interviews and other real-life situations.

What is an essay?

Essays are pieces of writing that are longer than just a paragraph but not quite as long as a full-length book. Essay writing is an excellent way for students to demonstrate their understanding of the course material.

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10 Examples of Note Making and Summarizing Class 11 | Sample Questions

by Meenu Saini | Jul 26, 2023 | General | 0 comments

Are you looking for examples of Note Making and Summarizing for Class 11 , no worries, you’ve come to the right place! Our post provides 10 Note Making and Summarizing samples based on previous years’ exam question papers . These examples of Note Making and Summarizing can help you understand the format, tone, and language used in such writing skills. We offer detailed explanations for each sample and highlight the important features that make it effective. You can use these examples of Poster Making as a reference to write your own letters or as a guide to improve your writing skills. So, check out our blog post and learn all about the examples of Note Making and Summarizing for Class 11!

Here we go….

Note Making and Summarizing 10 Examples based on previous years question papers

Example 1 – Read the following passage

Conversation is indeed the most easily teachable of all arts. All you need to do in order to become a good conversationalist is to find a subject that interests you and your listeners. There are, for example, numberless hobbies to talk about. But the important thing is that you must talk about other fellow’s hobbies rather than your own. Therein lies the secret of your popularity. Talk to your friends about the things that interest them, and you will get a reputation for good fellowship, charming wit, and a brilliant mind. There is nothing that pleases people so much as your interest in their interest.

It is just as important to know what subjects to avoid and what subjects to select for good conversation. If you don’t want to be set down as a wet blanket or a bore, be careful to avoid certain unpleasant subjects. Avoid talking about yourself, unless you are asked to do so. People are interested in their own problems, not in yours. Sickness or death bores everybody. The only one who willingly listens to such talk is the doctor, but he gets paid for it.

To be a good conversationalist you must know not only what to say, but how to say it. Be mentally quick and witty. But don’t hurt others with your wit. Finally try to avoid mannerism in your conversation. Don’t bite your lips or click your tongue, or roll your eyes or use your hands excessively as you speak.

Don’t be like that Frenchman who said, “How can I talk if you hold my hand?”

(a) One the basis of your reading of the above passage, make notes on it using headings and subheadings. Use recognizable abbreviations (minimum four) and a format you consider suitable. Supply a suitable title to it. (5)

(b) Make a summary of the above passage in about 80 words. (3)

How to Be A Good Conversationalist

I. What to do? 1. Int. topics 1.1. Hobbies 1.2. Acc. to other person’s personlty. 2. Mentally quick and witty 3. Listen to problems II. What not to do? 1. Topics to avoid 1.1. Urself. a. Hobbies b. Problems c. Sickness d. Death 1.2. Unpleasant topics 2. Don’t hurt others with ur wit 3. Mannrsms. 1.1. biting lips 1.2. clicking tongue 1.3. rolling eyes 1.4. use hands too much 1.5. Frenchman III. Result 1. Popularity 2. Famous for good fellship. , charm, wit, and mind

How to Be A Good Conversalist

Being a good conversalist is the key to being popular. To be a good conversalist, one should know what topics can interest the person you are speaking to. Talking about their hobbies is a good start. Avoid talking about yourself, your hobbies and problems. Adding witty comments enhances your conversation. Make sure that your wit does not hurt the sentiments of the person. Avoid unnecessary mannerisms. Doing this will make you a good fellow to be with.

Example 2 – Read the following passage

You may never want to fly kites to keep away evil spirits, as the Chinese have done for centuries, or to make rain, as the Tibetans did, but some more modern and western uses may tempt you to try experimenting yourself along similar lines. Ancient and medieval Chinese sources describe kites being used for measuring distances, testing the wind, lifting men, signalling and communication for military operations.

The earliest known Chinese kites were flat (not bowed) and often rectangular. Later, tailless kites incorporated a stabilising bowline. Kites were decorated with mythological motifs and legendary figures; some were fitted with strings and whistles to make musical sounds while flying. From China, kites were introduced to Cambodia, India, Japan, Korea and the western world.

The most widespread use of kites in modern times has been for meteorological investigations. Everybody knows about how Benjamin Franklin, the great American scholar and statesman, sent a kite up in 1752 during a thunderstorm to prove that lightning was caused by electricity. He produced sparks at ground level from a key hung on the wet line as the current flowed down it.

A second investigator repeated Franklin’s experiment shortly afterwards and was killed. By sending up instruments on kites it has been possible to make readings of air pressure, temperature, speed, direction and humidity. Although thermometers had been sent up long before, it was not until 1894, that a self-reading thermometer, a thermograph, was sent up by a kite.

History of Kites

I. Origin 1. Chinese 1.1. flat 1.2. rectanglr. 1.3. used to keep away evil spirits 1.4. mythlgcl. and legendary figures 1.5. strings & whistles 2. Tibetan 1.1. to make rain II. Modern Times 1. meteorlgcl. investigations 1.1. sending instruments on kites 1.2. taking readings of temp., speed, direction, humidity, ap. 2. Benjamin Franklin 2.1. American scholar & statesman 2.2. experiment done in 1752 a. sent kite up during thunderstorm b. to prove – lightning caused by electcty. c. produced sparks at ground level from key on wet line 2.3. Second investigator died 3. Military operations III. Thermograph 1. 1894 2. self-reading thermometer

Kites are of Chinese and Tibetan-origin. The Chinese kites were flat and mostly rectangular, with mythological or legendary figures on them. While the Chinese used kites to ward off evil spirits, the Tibetans used kites to bring rain. Now, kites are used to measure air pressure, temperature, humidity, speed and direction of the wind. This use was discovered by Benjamin Franklin in 1752, who wanted to prove that lightning was caused by electricity. Taking readings has become easier with the invention of thermography.

Example 3 – Read the following passage

Homoeopathy has come to be known, over the years, as a form of medical treatment without side effects.

In the eighteenth century, Dr Samuel Hahnemann, convinced that existing medical practices did more harm than good, began to look for an alternative that would be safe, gentle, and effective. He reasoned that instead of suppressing symptoms as allopathy does, one should seek to stimulate and so encourage and assist the body’s natural healing process. Hahnemann had already discovered that a small dose of quinine in a healthy person produced the symptoms of malaria. A number of systematic experiments followed this discovery. Hahnemann then worked to establish the smallest effective dose as he realised that this was the best way to avoid side effects. In so doing, he unexpectedly discovered one of the basic tenets of homoeopathy, that the more a remedy was diluted, the more effective it became. Thus, by trial and perseverance, Hahnemann finally arrived at his goal.

One of the principles of homoeopathy is that a person’s response to a disease varies according to his or her basic temperament. Thus, a homoeopathy doctor will take into account the patient’s temperament and responses to certain conditions before prescribing any medicine because it is the patient who is being treated and not the disease. Patients with the same ailment may often require different remedies.

Homoeopathy does not reject the great discoveries of modern science, only their commercial abuse. In many cases, homoeopathy is complementary to the newer methods of modern medical practice.

Homoeopathy

I. What is it? 1. med. treatment w/o side effects 2. rejects commercial abuse of science 3. Complimntry. to new med. practice 4. basic principle – an ind. responds to a disease acc. to his tempramnt. 5. two people with same disease may need diff. treatment II. Allopathy 1. contrary to hompathy. 2. suppresses symptoms III. Dr Samuel Hahnemann 1. 18th century 2. Allopathy is harmful 3. Searched for alt. 3.1. encourage the natural healing process 3.2. systematic experiments 3.3. saw that smallest dose was effective 3.4. discovered a tenet – more remedy is diluted, more effective it is

Homoeopathy is a type of medical treatment without any side effects. Unlike allopathy which suppresses the symptoms, homoeopathy focuses on enhancing the natural healing process. The basic principle is that a person responds to a disease according to his or her temperament. Dr Samuel Hahnemann saw that modern practices were harmful. After doing systematic experiments, he discovered that the smallest dose of a medicine was effective enough to stop the disease. This showed that the more a remedy is diluted, the more effective it is – one of the tenets of homoeopathy.

Example 4 – Read the following passage

Despite the French sounding name, papier mache was not made in France until the mid – seventeenth century. However, they were the first country in Europe to do so. Papier mache actually originated from China; the inventors of paper itself. They used papier mache to make helmets of all things, which they toughened by many layers of lacquer. Examples have been found dating back to the Han Dynasty (BC 202 – AD 220).

From China, the interest in papier mache spread to Japan and Persia, where it was used in mask making and festival activities. Eventually it spread across the world. Large imports of papier mache objects swamped European markets. This in turn led France to start making its own wares, and England followed suit in the 1670s.

Papier mache (French for “chewed paper”) is believed to have got its name from French workers in London papier mache shops who did just that!

In 1740, the manufacturer John Baskerville, well known for his fine quality books and typefounding, began to imitate the lacquered pieces from Japan. This is how the term “japanning” came about. His business was very successful and later his assistant Henry Clay, invented a way to produce papier mache so strong that it was equally as durable as wood. He did this by glueing specially prepared paper under heat to form tough, heat resistant panels.

Papier Mache

I. Origin 1. China 1.1. inventors of paper 1.2. used to make helmets 2. Han Dynasty (BC 202 – AD 220) 3. Spread to Japan and Persia 3.1. used for mask making & festival actvties. 4. Spread to Europe 4.1. France – first country 4.2. England followed in 1670s II. France 1. First country in Europe 2. Name “p.m.” is French 2.1. Meaning – “chewed paper” 2.2. got its name from French workers in London p.m. shops III. John Baskerville 1. Manufacturer 1.1. famous for books and typefounding. 2. 1740 2.1. Began to copy the lacqed. pieces from Japan 2.2. Japaning 3. Henry Clay 3.1. Assistant 3.2. Made p.m. as durable & strong as wood 3.3. Glued p.m. under heat to make hard & resistnt. panels

Papier mache originated from China, the country which invented paper. It was used to make helmets. It spread to Japan and Persia, where it was used for mask-making and festival activities. France was the first European country to use it. It got its name from the French workers in London, which translates to “chewed paper”. John Baskerville was a famous businessman, who was greatly influenced by Japanese culture. His assistant, Henry Clay made papier mache as durable and strong as wood.

Example 5. Read the following passage: (Question Paper CBSE, 2020)

1. How does television affect our lives? It can be very helpful to people who carefully choose the shows that they watch. Television can increase our knowledge of the outside world; there are high quality programmes that help us understand many fields of study, science, medicine, the different arts and so on. Moreover, television benefits very old people, who can’t leave the house, as well as patients in hospitals. It also offers non-native speakers the advantage of daily informal language practice. They can increase their vocabulary and practise listening. 2. On the other hand, there are several serious disadvantages of television. Of course, it provides us with a pleasant way to relax and spend our free time, but in some countries people watch television for an average of six hours or more a day. Many children stare at the TV screen for more hours a day than they spend on anything else, including studying and sleeping. It’s clear that TV has a powerful influence on their lives and that its influence is often negative. 3. Recent studies show that after only thirty seconds of television viewing, a person’s brain ‘relaxes’ the same way that it does just before the person falls asleep. Another effect of television on the human brain is that it seems to cause poor concentration. Children who view a lot of television can often concentrate on a subject for only fifteen to twenty minutes. They can pay attention only for the amount of time between commercials. 4. Another disadvantage is that television often causes people to become dissatisfied with their own lives. Real life does not seem so exciting to these people. To many people, television becomes more real than reality and their own lives seem boring. Also many people get upset or depressed when they can’t solve problems in real life as quickly as television actors seem to. 5. Before a child is fourteen years old, he or she views eleven thousand murders on the TV. He or she begins to believe that there is nothing strange about fights, killings and other kinds of violence. Many studies show that people become more violent after viewing certain programmes. They may even do the things that they see in a violent show.

Solution 1:

Suggested Notes as per CBSE

Advantages and Disadvantages of Watching Television

1. Benefits 1.1 increases know . 1.1.1 of outside world 1.1.2 science 1.1.3 medicine 1.1.4 diff . Arts 1.2 recreation for old ppl . & patients 1.3 informal lang . practice 1.4 increases vocab . & helps practise listening 2. Disadvantages 2.1 ppl . watch for 6 hrs . or more 2.2 students stare at screen for hrs . 2.3 negative influence 2.4 effect on human brain 2.4.1 poor conc . 3. Impact 3.1 feels life not very exciting 3.2 TV more real, life seems boring 3.3 depression when can’t solve problems 4. Violence shown on TV 4.1 children become violent 4.2 killings seem normal

Key to Abbreviations

Watching television increases knowledge of the outside world, science, medicine and different arts. It helps old people and patients to recreate. It assists in informal language practice, improving vocabulary and practise listening. However, watching television for more than six hours and staring on screens has a negative influence on students. It affects the human brain and leads to poor concentration. Television makes life boring and nothing feels exciting. People can feel depressed when they are unable to solve problems as quickly as actors do. Television normalises violence which can make children violent.

Example 6. Read the passage given below: (Question Paper, CBSE 2019)

1. Well-being is not just the absence of disease or illness. It is a complex combination of a person’s physical, mental, emotional and social health factors. Well-being is strongly linked to happiness and life satisfaction. In short, it could be described as how one feels about oneself and one’s life. Every aspect of one’s life influences the state of one’s well-being. Researchers investigating happiness have found the following factors which enhance a person’s well-being : network of close friends, enjoyable and fulfilling career, enough money, regular exercise, nutritious diet, sufficient sleep, fun hobbies and leisure pursuits, healthy self-esteem, optimistic outlook and so on. 2. The factors that influence one’s well-being are interrelated. For example, a job provides not just money but purpose, goals, friendships and a sense of belonging. Some factors also make up for the lack of others; for example, a good marriage can compensate for a lack of friendship, while religious beliefs may help a person to accept physical illness. Money is linked to well-being, because having enough money improves living conditions and increases social status. But various international studies have shown that it is the quality of our personal relationships, not the size of our bank balance, which has the greatest effect on our state of well-being. Believing that money is the key to happiness can also harm a person’s well-being. 3. Understanding the well-being of the population is very important. Measuring well-being, however, in a population is difficult because the interpretation of well-being is so subjective — how one feels about peoples’ lives largely depends on the way one sees it. Like the saying goes: ‘one person’s problem is another person’s challenge.’ 4. Keeping track of a population’s well-being helps governments to decide on particular policies. It also acts as an indicator for various population trends. For example, knowing the average weekly income of a population helps to set the ‘poverty line’, which may then influence decisions on social welfare reforms. Well-being can be achieved through a variety of means. Some are as follows : developing and maintaining strong relationships with family and friends, making regular time available for social contact, trying to find work that is enjoyable and rewarding, rather than just working for the best pay, eating healthy, nutritious foods, doing regular physical activity, involving oneself in activities that interest the people, joining in local organisations or clubs that appeal, setting achievable goals and working towards them and trying to be optimistic and enjoying each day.

(a) On the basis of your reading of the above passage, make notes on it using recognizable abbreviations (minimum four), wherever necessary. Use a format you consider suitable. Give it a suitable title also. (5)

(b) Write a summary of the above passage in about 80 words. (3)

Solution 2:

Suggested Notes by CBSE

1. Definition of WB 1.1 absence of disease & illness 1.2 combination of physical, emotional & health factors 1.3 strongly linked to happiness & satisfaction 2. factors which improve WB 2.1 network of close friends 2.2 enjoyable, fulfilling career 2.3 enough money, good health 2.4 religious beliefs 3. Imp. of understanding people’s WB 3.1 helps govt . frame good policies 3.2 helps determine poverty line 3.3 helps take appropriate action 4. How best achieved 4.1 having strong relationship with family & friends. 4.2 enjoyable, rewarding work 4.3 involvement in interesting activities 4.4 nutritious food & good health

Well- being not just refers to absence of disease and illness, rather it is a combination of physical, emotional and health factors. Well being is strongly linked to happiness and satisfaction. The factors that improve well being include a network of close friends, enjoyable and fulfilling career, money, good health and religious beliefs. It is important to understand people’s well being to frame government policies which would further help to determine the poverty line and take appropriate action. Well-being is best achieved by having strong relationships with family and friends, doing enjoyable and rewarding work, involvement in interesting activities and eating nutritious food for good health.

Example 7. Read the passage given below: (Question Paper CBSE, 2018)

Keeping cities clean is essential for keeping their residents healthy. Our health depends not just on personal hygiene and nutrition, but critically also on how clean we keep our cities and their surroundings. The spread of dengue and chikungunya are intimately linked to the deteriorating state of public health conditions in our cities. The good news is that waste management to keep cities clean is now getting attention through the Swachh Bharat Mission. However, much of the attention begins and stops with the brooms and the dustbins, extending at most to the collection and transportation of the mixed waste to some distant or not so distant place, preferably out of sight. The challenge of processing and treating the different streams of solid waste, and safe disposal of the residuals in scientific landfills, has received much less attention in municipal solid waste management than is expected from a health point of view. One of the problems is that instead of focusing on waste management for health, we have got sidetracked into ‘‘waste for energy’’. If only we were to begin by not mixing the biodegradable component of solid waste (close to 60 percent of the total) in our cities with the dry waste, and instead use this stream of waste for composting and producing a gas called methane. City compost from biodegradable waste provides an alternative to farmyard manure (like cow-dung). It provides an opportunity to simultaneously clean up our cities and help improve agricultural productivity and quality of the soil. Organic manure or compost plays a very important role as a supplement to chemical fertilisers in enriching the nutrient-deficient soils. City compost can be the new player in the field. Benefits of compost on the farm are well-known. The water holding capacity of the soil which uses compost helps with drought-proofing, and the requirement of less water per crop is a welcome feature for a water-stressed future. By making the soil porous, use of compost also makes roots stronger and resistant to pests and decay. Farmers using compost, therefore, need less quantity of pesticides. There is also evidence to suggest that horticulture crops grown with compost have better flavour, size, colour and shelf-life. City compost has the additional advantage of being weed-free unlike farmyard manure which brings with it the seeds of undigested grasses and requires a substantial additional labour cost for weeding as the crops grow. City compost is also rich in organic carbon, and our soils are short in this. Farmers clearly recognize the value of city compost. If city waste was composted before making it available to the farmers for applying to the soil, cities would be cleaned up and the fields around them would be much more productive. Quite apart from cleaning up the cities of biodegradable waste, this would be a major and sustainable contribution to improving the health of our soil without further damage by excessive chemical inputs. What a marvellous change from waste to health! The good news is that some states are regularly laying plastic roads. Plastic roads will not only withstand future monsoon damage but will also solve a city’s problem of disposing of non-recyclable plastic. It is clear that if the mountains of waste from our cities were to be recycled into road construction material, it would tackle the problem of managing waste while freeing up scarce land.

(a) On the basis of your understanding of the above passage, make notes on it using headings and sub- headings. Use recognisable abbreviations wherever necessary (minimum four) and a format you consider suitable. Also supply an appropriate title to it. (5)

(b) Write a summary of the passage in about 80 words. (3)

Solution 3: Suggested Notes as per CBSE

Waste Management: Some Facts

1. Reasons for keeping cities clean 1.1 to keep the residents healthy 1.2 health depends on 1.2.1 personal cleanliness 1.2.2 cleanliness of city 2. Reasons for waste management 2.1 being promoted through SBM 2.2 to sensitize imp . of waste separation 3. Challenges of waste management 3.1 has received less attn . 3.2 no focus on WM for health 3.3 biodegradable being mixed with solid waste 4. Benefits of organic manure 4.1 supplement of chem . fertilisers. 4.2 drought-proofing 4.3 makes roots stronger 5. Benefits of city compost 5.1 weed-free 5.2 more productive fields 5.3 chemical inputs avoided 6. Benefits of plastic roads 6.1 withstand monsoon damage 6.2 free lands from dumping waste

It is important to keep the cities clean to keep the residents healthy. Their health depends on personal cleanliness and the cleanliness of the city. It is crucial to sensitise the importance of waste separation. Waste management is promoted through Swachh Bharat Mission. Waste management is given less attention and biodegradable waste is mixed with solid waste. There is no focus on waste management for health. Organic manure acts as a supplement to chemical fertilisers, makes roots stronger and leads to drought-proofing. City compost is weed-free, avoids chemicals and leads to productive fields. Plastic rods are able to withstand monsoon and dumping is avoided.

Example 8. Read the passage given below: (Sample Question Paper CBSE, 2017-18)

1. Colour Therapy is a complementary therapy for which there is evidence dating back thousands of years to the ancient cultures of Egypt, China and India. If we define it in simple terms, Colour is a light of varying wavelengths, thus each colour has its own particular wavelength and energy. 2. Colours contribute to energy. This energy may be motivational and encouraging. Each of the seven colours of the spectrum are associated with energy. The energy relating to each of the seven spectrum colours of red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo and violet, resonates with the energy of each of the seven main chakras/energy centres of the body. Colour therapy can help to re-balance and/or stimulate these energies by applying the appropriate colour to the body. 3. Red relates to the base chakra, orange the sacral chakra, yellow the solar plexus chakra, green the heart chakra, blue the throat chakra, indigo the brow chakra (sometimes referred to as the third eye) and violet relates to the crown chakra. 4. Colour is absorbed by the eyes, skin, skull, our ‘magnetic energy field’ or aura and the energy of colour affects us on all levels, that is to say, physical, spiritual and emotional. Every cell in the body needs light energy – thus colour energy has widespread effects on the whole body. There are many different ways of giving colour, including; Solarised Water, Light boxes/lamps with colour filters, colour silks and hands on healing using colour. 5. Colour therapy can be shown to help on a physical level, which is perhaps easier to quantify, however there are deeper issues around the colours on the psychological and spiritual levels. Our wellbeing is not, of course, purely a physical issue. Fortunately, many more practitioners, both orthodox and complementary, are now treating patients in a holistic manner. 6. Colour Therapy is a totally holistic and non-invasive therapy and, really, colour should be a part of our everyday life, not just something we experience for an hour or two with a therapist. Colour is all around us everywhere. This wonderful planet does not contain all the beautiful colours of the rainbow for no reason. Nothing on this earth is here just by chance; everything in nature is here for a purpose. Colour is no exception. All we need to do is to heighten our awareness of the energy of colour, absorb it and see how it can transform our lives.

(a) On the basis of your understanding of the above passage, make notes on it using headings and sub- headings. Use recognizable abbreviations (wherever necessary-minimum four) and a format you consider suitable. Also supply an appropriate title to it. (5)

Solution 4: Suggested Notes as per CBSE

NOTE MAKING FORMAT FOR ABOVE QUESTION Colour Therapy 1. Age old therapy 1.1 Found in 1.1.1 Egypt 1.1.2 China 1.1.3 India 1.2 light of vryng wvlngth & energy 2. Colour relate to energy of chakras 2.1 red –base 2.2 orange – sacral 2.3 yellow – solar plexus 2.4 green – heart 2.5 blue – throat 2.6 indigo – brow 2.7 violet – crown 3. Holistic benefits 3.1 phy’l 3.2 spirit’l 3.3 emtn’l

Summary Colour Therapy

Colour therapy is an age-old therapy found in the cultures of Egypt, China and India. Each colour has light of varying wavelength and energy. Colours relate to the energy of chakras. Red is for base chakra, orange to sacral, yellow to solar plexus, green to heart, blue to throat, indigo to brow and violet to crown. Colour impacts us on all levels, including the physical, spiritual and emotional well being. Colour therapy has holistic benefits.

Example 9. Read the passage and answer the questions given below: (Sample Question Paper CBSE, 2018-19)

1. There is a clear dichotomy between Jayashankar Prasad’s daily life and the one that found expression in his literature. In his literary formulations, Prasad advocated an escape- from personality ideals and categorically stated: “An artist‟s art, and not his person, is the touchstone to assess his work . . . it is only after losing his personality that he emerges in his art as an artist”. 2. In Prasad‟s works – his poems, short stories, novels, dramas etc. – what emerges is life as shaped in the writer’s inner self by his emotions, fancies, dreams, reveries . . . His writings are a record not of outer reality, but of the artist’s inner world. As such, of a proper appreciation and understanding of his works more emphasis needs to be placed on the working of his mind, than the events of his dayto-day life. 3. Prasad was born in a renowned family of Varanasi. His grand-father Shiv RatanSahu, a dealer in high quality perfumed tobacco (snuff). Besides being an astute businessman, he was endowed with a marked cultural taste. His home was the meeting place of the local poets, singers, artists, scholars and men of religion. Prasad‟s father Devi Prasad Sahu carried forward this high tradition of family. Prasad, therefore, had a chance to study the various phases of human nature in the light of the business traditions, artistic taste and religious background of his family. 4. When the business had somewhat recovered, Prasad planned the publication of a literary journal. Prasad started the “Indu”. The inaugural number appeared in July 1909. By this time Prasad’s notions of literature had crystallized into a credo. In the first issue of Indu, he proclaimed, “Literature has no fixed aim; it is not a slave to rules; it is a free and all-embracing genius, gives birth to genuine literature which is subservient to none. Whatever in the world is true and beautiful is its subject matter. By dealing with the True and Beautiful it establishes the one and affects the full flowering of the others. Its force can be measured by the degree of pleasure it gives to the reader‟s mind as also by the criticism which is free of all prejudice”. The words sound like the manifesto of romanticism in literature. 5. Even while recognizing the social relevance of literature, Prasad insisted, “The poet is a creator . . . he is not conditioned by his milieu; rather it is he who moulds it and gives it a new shape; he conjures up a new world of beauty where the reader for the time being, becomes oblivious of the outer world and passes his time in an eternal spring garden where golden lotuses blossom and the air is thick and pollen”. Thus, the chief aim of literature according to Prasad is to give joy to the reader and to create a state of bliss in him. Later under the impact of Shiv Advaitism, this faith of Prasad got further strengthened.

(Extract from ‘Jayashankar Prasad- His mind and Art’ by Dr. Nagendra)

(a) On the basis of your understanding of the above passage, make notes on it using headings and subheadings. Use recognizable abbreviations (wherever necessary-minimum four) and a format you consider suitable. Also supply an appropriate title to it. (5)

Solution 5: Suggested Notes as per CBSE Jayashankar Prasad- His life 1. His exprsn . in lit . 1.1 an escape 1.2 lose your personality 1.3 record of writer’s inner world 1.4 more emphsz . on mind than body 2. Personal life 2.1 renowned fam . of Varanasi 2.2 home- meeting place of the local poets, singers 2.3 grand-father- an astute businessman 2.4 had a chance to study phases of human nature 3. Started the “Indu” 3.1 in July 1909 3.2 proclaimed a) lit . has no fixed aim b) is free and all embracing genius c) gives birth to genuine lit. 4. Social relevance of lit . 4.1 poet is a creator 4.2 moulds it 4.3 conjures up a new world of beauty 4.4 becomes oblivious of the outer world 5. Chief aim of lit . 5.1 give joy to the reader 5.2 create a state of bliss

Jayashankar Prasad- His life

Jayshankar Prasad found expression in literature and created an escape only after losing his personality. His writings are a record of the writer’s inner world with more emphasis on mind than body. He was from a renowned family of Varanasi where home-meetings of poets and singers would take place. His grandfather was an astute businessman and therefore Prasad had a chance to study phases of human nature. In July 1909, he started ‘Indu’, in which he proclaimed that literature has no fixed aim, is free and all embracing genius and gives birth to genuine literature. He recognised the social relevance of literature as the poet is the creator who mould it, conjures up a new world and becomes oblivious to the outer world. The chief aim of literature is to give joy to the reader and create a state of bliss.

Example 10. Read the passage given below: (Sample Question Paper CBSE, 2019-20)

BALANCING THE SCALES

Artificial intelligence (AI) is making a difference to how legal work is done, but it isn’t the threat it is made out to be. AI is making impressive progress and shaking up things all over the world today. The assumption that advancements in technology and artificial intelligence will render any profession defunct is just that, an assumption and a false one. The only purpose this assumption serves is creating mass panic and hostility towards embracing technology that is meant to make our lives easier. Let us understand what this means explicitly for the legal world. The ambit of AI includes recognizing human speech and objects, making decisions based on data, and translating languages. Tasks that can be defined as ‘search-and-find’ type can be performed by AI. Introducing AI to this profession will primarily be for the purpose of automating mundane, tedious tasks that require negligible human intelligence. The kind of artificial intelligence that is employed by industries in the current scene, when extended to the law will enable quicker services at a lower price. AI is meant to automate a number of tasks that take up precious working hours lawyers could be devoted to tasks that require discerning, empathy, and trust- qualities that cannot be replicated by even the most sophisticated form of AI. The legal profession is one of the oldest professions in the world. Thriving over 1000 years; trust, judgement, and diligence are the pillars of this profession. The most important pillar is the relationship of trust between a lawyer and clients, which can only be achieved through human connection and interaction. While artificial intelligence can be useful in scanning and organizing documents pertaining to a case, it cannot perform higher-level tasks such as sharp decisionmaking, relationship-building with valuable clients and writing legal briefs, advising clients, and appearing in court. These are over and above the realm of computerization. The smooth proceeding of a case is not possible without sound legal research. While presenting cases lawyers need to assimilate information in the form of legal research by referring to a number of relevant cases to find those that will favour their client’s motion. Lawyers are even required to thoroughly know the opposing stand and supporting legal arguments they can expect to prepare a watertight defence strategy. AI, software that operates on natural language enables electronic discovery of information relevant to a case, contract reviews, and automation generation of legal documents. AI utilizes big-data analytics which enables visualization of case data. It also allows for creation of a map of the cases which were cited in previous cases and their resulting verdicts, as per the website Towards Data Science. The probability of a positive outcome of a case can be predicted by leveraging predictive analytics with machine learning. This is advantageous to firms as they can determine the return on investment in litigation and whether an agreement or arbitration should be considered.

(a) On the basis of your understanding of the above passage, make notes on it using headings and subheadings. Use recognizable abbreviations (wherever necessary- minimum four) and a format you consider suitable. Also supply an appropriate title to it. (5)

SAMPLE NOTE MAKING FORMAT FOR ABOVE QUESTION

Solution 6: Suggested Notes by CBSE Artificial Intelligence: Not a threat 1. Not a threat 1.1 is of help 1.2 makes life easier 1.3 no profession defunct 2. AI .will help legal field 2.1 recog .human speech and object 2.2 making decisions based on data 2.3 translates langs . 2.4 do search and find tasks 3. AI. cannot perform high level tasks like 3.1 writing legal briefs 3.2 advising clients 3.3 apprng in courts 3.4 sharp decision making 4. Function of AI . 4.1 collates data 4.2 predicts probable outcomes 4.3 tells return on invest . 4.4 considering agreement or arbitration

Suggested Summary as per CBSE

Artificial Intelligence: Not a threat

Artificial Intelligence is not a threat but makes life easier especially in the legal field. It cannot perform certain high-level tasks like writing legal briefs, advising clients, making sharp decisions and appearing in courts but it can collate data, aid research and decisions based on data. It can recognize human speech and translate languages. It can also predict probable outcomes, tell return on investment, consider agreement or arbitration and is thus advantageous to legal firms.

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Class 11 English Creative Writing Format, Examples, Topics, Exercises

Creative writing is an important skill that allows individuals to express their thoughts, emotions, and ideas in a unique and imaginative way. In the context of English studies for Class 11 students, creative writing plays a crucial role in developing language proficiency and fostering creativity. This article aims to provide a comprehensive guide to the format, examples, topics, and exercises related to Class 11 English creative writing.

Understanding Class 11 English Creative Writing:

Definition and Importance Creative writing can be defined as the art of using words to create original and engaging narratives, poems, or essays. It goes beyond the realm of factual or expository writing and encourages students to explore their imagination, thoughts, and emotions. By engaging in creative writing, students can develop their linguistic skills, critical thinking abilities, and self-expression.

Benefits of Creative Writing Creative writing offers numerous benefits to Class 11 students. Firstly, it helps them improve their language proficiency and vocabulary by encouraging them to experiment with different words, phrases, and literary devices. Secondly, it enhances their ability to think critically and develop coherent arguments through the construction of well-structured narratives or essays. Lastly, creative writing nurtures creativity and imagination, allowing students to express themselves in unique and innovative ways.

Also Read: Creative Writing Skills Class 10

Format Of Class 11 English Creative Writing:

To create a well-structured and coherent piece of creative writing, it is essential to follow a format that includes an introduction, body, and conclusion.

Introduction The introduction sets the tone and introduces the readers to the main ideas or themes that will be explored in the creative piece. It should capture the readers’ attention and provide a glimpse of what is to come.

Body The body of the creative writing piece contains the main narrative, events, or arguments. It develops the plot, introduces the characters, and explores the chosen theme. The body should be organized logically and flow smoothly from one idea to another.

Conclusion The conclusion provides a check to the creative piece. It wraps up the narrative, reflects on the main ideas or themes, and leaves the compendiums with a sense of satisfaction or reflection. A strong conclusion can leave a lasting print on the compendiums.

Examples Of Class 11 English Creative Writing:

Creative writing encompasses various forms and genres, including short stories, poetry, and personal essays.

Short Stories Short stories are concise narratives that focus on a specific event, character, or theme. They often have a clear plot structure and limited word count, making them an excellent medium for practicing storytelling skills.

Poetry Poetry allows for the expression of emotions, thoughts, and ideas in a condensed and rhythmic manner. It employs literary devices such as metaphors, similes, and imagery to evoke feelings and create vivid mental images.

Personal Essays Personal essays offer a platform for individuals to share their personal experiences, opinions, or reflections. They blend elements of storytelling with the author’s own insights and perspectives, creating a unique and engaging narrative.

Choosing Topics For Class 11 English Creative Writing:

Selecting the right topic is crucial for an engaging and successful creative writing piece.

Personal Experiences Drawing inspiration from personal experiences can add authenticity and emotional depth to the writing. Reflecting on significant moments, challenges, or achievements can provide rich material for creative exploration.

Observations Observing the world around you and paying attention to the details can lead to fascinating creative writing topics. Everyday encounters, nature, or interactions with others can serve as inspiration for unique narratives or poems.

Imaginary Scenarios Letting your imagination run wild and creating fictional scenarios can be an exciting way to generate creative writing ideas. Building new worlds, characters, or situations allows for unlimited creative possibilities.

Exercises To Improve Class 11 English Creative Writing:

To enhance their creative writing skills, Class 11 students can engage in various exercises and techniques.

Freewriting Freewriting involves writing continuously for a set amount of time without worrying about grammar, punctuation, or coherence. It helps unleash creativity, overcome self-censorship, and generate ideas.

Writing Prompts Writing prompts provide specific topics, scenarios, or sentences to stimulate creative thinking and writing. Students can use prompts to kickstart their imagination and explore different writing styles or genres.

Editing and Revising Editing and revising are essential steps in the creative writing process. Students should review their work, check for clarity and coherence, and make necessary improvements to refine their writing.

Conclusion On The Class 11 English Creative Writing:

Creative writing is an integral part of English studies for Class 11 students. It enables them to develop their language skills, express their thoughts and emotions, and cultivate creativity. By understanding the elements of creative writing, following a structured format, exploring different examples and topics, and engaging in exercises to improve their skills, students can enhance their creative writing abilities and create compelling narratives, poems, or essays.