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Let’s Take a Tour of Some Mouthwatering Pakistani Foods

We’ve all heard the cliché that the way to a man’s heart is through his stomach.

But are you familiar with the following words from George Bernard Shaw?

“ There is no love sincerer than the love of food. “

Or these from Virginia Woolf?

“One cannot think well, love well, sleep well, if one has not dined well.”

Considering the significant role that food plays in our lives, we’ve decided to compose an entire article dedicated to Pakistani food and cuisine . In this article, you’ll learn about a variety of traditional Pakistani dishes, from Pakistani street food to recipes you can make at home. You’ll also discover some facts about Pakistani food culture and pick up essential food-related vocabulary.

Let’s dig in.

Must-Try Dishes in Pakistani Restaurants
Unique Pakistani Foods
Food-Related Vocabulary
Cultural Tips Regarding Food in Pakistan

1. Must-Try Dishes in Pakistani Restaurants

A superb way to begin is with some widely popular Desi dishes of Pakistan . You’ll find them available at just about any Pakistani restaurant, with few exceptions.

چکن/مٹن کڑاہی (Chicken/Mutton Karahi)

Chicken or mutton Karahi is one of the most popular main courses in Pakistani restaurants. Karahi refers to the cookware the meal is cooked (and sometimes also served) in. It’s a metal pan, often made of iron, with a flattened base.

The meat (either chicken or mutton) is fried in an open fire until tender, usually right in front of the customers. Seeing the meat cooked in front of you makes the dish more desirable. The main ingredients include:

Chicken/Mutton (cut into small pieces)

Common spices include coriander, pepper powder, cumin seeds, and red button chilis.

The meat can be served with butter, and many Desi foodies love to have it cooked in desi ghee which makes the meal very authentically Desi. The best time to have this dish is in the evening, though it’s also served in the afternoon. Of course, روٹی ( roti ) and نان ( naan ) are Pakistani food staples that will always be present at the table. Enjoy your karahi with a crispy Roti or Nan.

Chicken Karahi recipe

Nihari, another Desi delicacy, is said to have been the recipe of the eighteenth century. It’s associated with the Nawabs of the Indian subcontinent. Since, etymologically, the word is derived from the Urdu word نہار ( nihar ) meaning “morning,” it’s clear to see that the best time to enjoy this dish is in the morning at breakfast time.

On average, it takes 6-8 hours to cook beef Nihari, though the time frame may change for lamb or chicken. This dish’s main ingredients are:

Ginger-garlic paste
Chili paste
Wheat flour

The main spices are coriander, cumin, cinnamon, salt, and cardamom. Lemon, ginger, and coriander can also be used as tasty garnishes.

Nihari recipe

The first two Pakistani dishes we described are served with Roti or Nan. Now, let’s move toward something a little different: Biryani. This is a frequent main course in Pakistani homes and restaurants, easily identified by the unique aroma of Pakistani Basmati rice.

Its main ingredient is rice boiled in water, and you can add chicken, mutton, or beef depending on your preferences. This dish features a range of flavors from spices like:

Green chili paste
Black pepper

Note that this dish has a completely different taste and texture when cooked in the cauldron! Biryani recipe

Haleem is another must-eat Pakistani Desi dish. Beef is usually the main ingredient, but you can replace it with chicken or mutton. This dish also includes grains and lentils, including rice, mixed lentils, barley, and wheat.

Cumin, coriander, cardamom, and cinnamon are commonly used to flavor haleem. Popular garnishes include chopped ginger, fried onion, green chilis, and lemon wedges.

Haleem recipe

It’s not unusual to see whole chickens being barbecued at small ‘Sajji corners’ throughout Pakistan. Sajji is a common delicacy everywhere in the country. That said, you should expect a little bit of variation in the recipe and ingredients depending on the region.

Originally, Sajji was a Balochi dish from the nomads of Balochistan. But today, it’s just as popular among Pakistanis all over the country.

Sajji is barbecued on the coals; a whole chicken is grilled on the fire and served with a great deal of simplicity, with or without fried rice. Other ingredients and spices used in this simple meal include:

Sajji recipe

(Chapli Kabab)

The authentic Pakistani cuisine item chapli kabab , also called Chappal kabab , is a delicacy of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (the Northern Western province of Pakistan). The city of Peshawar is the most famous place to order chapli kabab in the country.

The most important ingredient in this dish is mince of mutton or beef, preferably with a reasonable amount of fat. Other essentials include:

After marinating the mixture for an hour or two, the kababs are ready to be fried and enjoyed. They’re typically served with Naan or Roti.

The unique flavor and aroma of these kababs distinguish them from the rest!

Chapli Kabab recipe

Another popular Desi Pakistani recipe, Hareesa consists of a meat, porridge, and lentil mixture. This dish demands patience; it’s cooked slowly and requires constant stirring.

Beef is the ideal meat for this delicacy, though people may use lamb or chicken instead. It’s also worth noting that three types of lentils are used: channa , moong , and maash .

Although it looks like gravy, Hareesa is ultimately unique from other Desi gravies in its taste and texture. When it’s ready, some chefs add kababs or koftas (meatballs) to it to make it thicker. It’s then served with Roti or Naan.

Hareesa recipe

One of the most popular Pakistani cuisine dishes, paye (goat/calf trotters) are often served as the main course at breakfast. This delicacy is normally eaten during winter, but it’s easily available year-round as it’s never out of demand. To prepare it, one uses goat/cow trotters and spices them with:

You can get ready-to-cook paye in any meat market in Pakistan. This delicacy tastes best when served fresh with lemon wedges, green coriander, and green chilis for garnish.

Paye recipe

2. Unique Pakistani Foods

Having discussed some finger-licking main course Desi Pakistani dishes, let’s expand your knowledge of Pakistani food culture. Below is a list of unique Pakistani foods that are typically used as side dishes, appetizers, desserts, or staples to be eaten with certain main course dishes.

پراٹھہ (Paratha)

In Pakistan, paratha is a staple food that can be used with curry in place of Roti or Naan. It can also be stuffed with potatoes or mince and eaten as a main course. It’s made by kneading wheat flour and frying it in oil or desi ghee on a traditional tawa (a Desi utensil).

Lassi is a traditional Pakistani drink, usually taken alongside breakfast. It’s prepared by blending yogurt, milk, butter, and sugar or salt.

(Halwa Poori)

While visiting Pakistan, never miss Halwa Poori at breakfast; it’s a real exotic specialty of Pakistani cuisine. This typical Desi breakfast consists of fried bread served with the traditional sweet dish halwa . A curry of chickpeas ( channay ) is another integral part of this meal.

(Gol Gappay)

For those who love spicy foods, Gol Gappay is a must-try dish. You’ll enjoy the hollow, ball-like fried Poori with the tamarind drink. You may fill the Poori with boiled chickpeas or aloo-chat to discover a range of flavors.

(Sweets/Desserts)

We can’t forget dessert. Never underestimate the power of Pakistani sweets—they’re good enough to challenge any main course! There are three Pakistani desserts you really need to try on your visit:

1. جلیبی (Jalebi)

Jalebi consists of maida flour batter that’s been fried in a circular shape and then dipped in sugar syrup. This usually red-colored Pakistani sweet is a treat for the eyes and the tongue! We recommend you treat your taste buds to it during your visit.

2. رس ملائی (Ras Malai)

Ras Malai (roughly translated to “juicy cream” in English) is a Desi Pakistani dessert consisting of milk, sugar, cream, cardamom, saffron, and pistachio.

3. گلاب جامُن (Gulab Jamun)

Gulab Jamun is known as the national sweet of Pakistan. It’s prepared with dried milk ( khoya ), oil, and flour ( maida ). It’s dipped in sugar syrup and flavors such as saffron, rose water, and cardamom are added to it.

3. Food-Related Vocabulary

Now that you’re good and hungry for Desi Pakistani cuisine, it’s time to jump into some practical vocabulary. We’ll cover phrases you can use during conversations or at the restaurant, as well as other food-related words you should know!

Basic Phrases

مجھے سخت بھوک لگی ہے۔ Mujhe sakht bhook lagi hai. I am very hungry.

مجھے بھوک نہیں ہے۔ Mujhe bhook nahi hai. I am not hungry.

مجھے لسّی پسند ہے۔ Mujhe lassi pasand hai. I like lassi.

مجھے سلاد پسند نہیں ہے۔ Mujhe salaad pasand nahi hai. I don’t like salad.

میں گوشت نہیں کھاتا۔ Mei gosht nahi khata. I don’t eat meat.

مجھے سی فوڈ سے الرجی ہے۔ Mujhe seafood se allergy hai. I am allergic to seafood.

میرا پسندیدہ کھانا پلاؤ ہے۔ Mera pasandeeda khana pulao hai. My favorite dish is pulao.

Ingredients

Whether you plan on reading through some Pakistani food recipes in Urdu or just want to add to your core vocabulary, these ingredient words will come in handy.

چینی ( cheeni ) – sugar
نمک ( namak ) – salt
لال مرچ ( lal mirch ) – red chili
کالی مرچ ( kaali mirch ) – pepper
تیل ( teil ) – oil
دودھ ( doodh ) – milk
پانی ( pani ) – water
آٹا ( aata ) – flour
پھل ( phal ) – fruit
گوشت ( gosht ) – meat
سبزی ( sabzi ) – vegetable

You should also be familiar with the names of common cooking utensils:

کڑاہی ( karrahi ) – a type of Desi cooking pan
تندور ( tandoor ) – a type of Desi oven
دیگ ( deig ) – cauldron
چاقو ( chaqoo ) – knife

To learn more utensil-related vocabulary, please visit our vocabulary list for Talking About Utensils and Tableware in Urdu .

Cooking Verbs

Here are a few cooking verbs you’ll come across often in recipes:

پکانا ( pakana ) – to cook
تلنا ( talna ) – to fry
کاٹنا ( katna ) – to cut
چیلنا ( cheelna ) – to peel

You can find more useful words and their pronunciations on our list of Essential Vocabulary About Cooking .

How to Order at a Restaurant

Learn the following Urdu sentences to impress the crew of a Pakistani restaurant with your Urdu speaking skills.

مینو لائیں۔ menu layain Bring the menu.

آپ کھانا کتنی دیر میں لاؤ گے؟ aap khana kitni der mei lao gey? How much time will you take to bring food?

بِِل لے آئیں۔ bill le ayain. Bill, please.

To learn more relevant phrases, please visit our list of the Most Useful Phrases and Vocabulary for Ordering Food in Urdu .

4. Cultural Tips Regarding Food in Pakistan

Because Pakistan is an Islamic country, it has some cultural specificities concerning food. Let’s wade through these customs together so you can become familiar with them and respect them while in Pakistan.

Remember to Ask for Hilal Food Only

Pakistani society is traditionally orthodox and Islamic, so you should never ask for any food item that’s not Hilal . If you insist on doing so, you’ll have to face the music. We recommend that you don’t do this under any circumstances.

Hospitality in Pakistan

Because Pakistan is a tradition-bound society, you’ll find that the majority of the population follows the tradition of hospitality. If you’re a guest, they’ll go out of their way to entertain you.

On a side note, if you have a Pakistani host who has invited you to a meal, do not try to pay the bill. He will take this as a token of discourtesy.

5. Conclusion

In this article, you’ve learned about the most popular Pakistani foods, relevant vocabulary, and crucial Pakistani food customs.

Are you ready to order your favorite Pakistani dish in Urdu? Have we answered all your questions? If we missed anything, please let us know in the comments and we’ll get back to you as soon as possible.

Continue exploring UrduPod101.com to speed up your Urdu language learning process. Our website is a huge compendium of Urdu language learning resources that will prove useful in improving your Urdu vocabulary , pronunciation , grammar , and more.

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Country Specific

Rice knowledge for pakistan.

This page highlights country-specific, up-to-date information on rice and rice-based cropping systems for farmers and extension workers in Pakistan.

You may also visit the Pakistan Cereal Knowledge Bank developed in close partnership with CSISA, Pakistan.

AGRONOMY GUIDES FOR PAKISTAN

Summary of Aamer Hussein Sweet Rice

Shireen, a doctor with a third-world degree and experience, was given an unexpected gift by her husband Jamil, who had important people visiting from abroad and others to whom he desperately owed a seasonal invitation. She had to cater for over a dozen guests at less than a week’s notice, and she knew that even her best was never good enough for Jamil’s Libran discernment.

In London, Shireen had spent years and money on her medical expertise, but her husband had always found excuses to keep her husband tied to her table, including sundry colleagues. She had to cook for Jamil and his guests, but he suggested they order food from a fancy Pakistani lady caterer. He believed her home cooking wasn’t fancy enough for his guests, but she refused to consider food from elsewhere.

Shireen continued to cook dishes she loved, like spinach with meat or potatoes, oil-rich courgettes and aubergines, rich buttery breads, and dry, fragrant pea-speckled rice tinted yellow. She would freeze the food for days when it rained or snowed and read stories of Han Suyin’s life among the women of China and Malaya.

At a party with associates or prospective clients from Asia-Pacific and the Americas, Shireen was determined to prepare something special and outdo those society hostesses whose homes he dragged her to every six weeks or so when he was there. With the frustrated and frustrating perfectionism that constantly chilled her bones, she wanted to cross the final boundary and cook one of the feasts she’d heard her grandmother describe with such chop-licking ecstasy.

Shireen recalls a sweet rice recipe her grandmother made for her, which she named after her. Her mother’s parents, who had come from Northern India, had lost their landholdings after 1947, and they had never applied for recompense. Shireen’s grandmother lived on her physician’s earnings, and her father was a doctor. They had fallen into a world that respected material manifestations of heritage but hardly elemsee. As she turns the corner from Seymour Place into York Street, she realizes her grandmother is no longer there and her mother may have forgotten the recipe. She struggles to find it in her arthritic hand, exercise books, and Madhur Jaffrey cookbooks. Despite friends’ claims of authentic recipes, Shireen’s vanity prevents her from turning to them. She tries to find a solution in a pile of discarded notebooks, but her determination refuses to give up.

Shireen recalls signing a defiant signature for her home, which was named after her. She recalls her father’s son, an English child, who prefers dubiously prepared hamburgers and chips. She recalls a bundle of books, including Perveen Shakir’s first two volumes of verse, novels by A. R. Khatun, romances of Islam and colonialism, and the ’57 uprising by Abdul Halim Sharar. She also finds a classic book of recipes, Naimatkhana, which she had taken from her grandmother’s cupboard when she died. The book, written in old-fashioned Urdu script, contains recipes for orange rice, chicken or lamb, rice, clarified butter, onions, coriander, garlic, salt, cummin, black pepper, cloves, cardamom, and sugar. She finds the sauce of orange peel, almonds, pistachios, cardamoms, water, and crystallized rock sugar, all easily found in the city with no cuisine of its own. Little Asias of restaurants and eating places have taken over the city, with Drummond Street being a short walk away. Shireen and Yasmien joke about the spice islands’ influence on the city’s cuisine.

Shireen finds herself immersed in a collection of books and recipes. She discovers that the author of one of her favorite books is a turn-of-the-century housewife, Muhammadi Begum. She had written at least a dozen books in just ten years, including guides to housekeeping and good manners, as well as novels for adults.

Begum was a master cook who nurtured generations of women, including doctors, lawyers, opposition leaders, and even prime ministers. She left behind a cookery book, which she would share with others. She would go to the India Office library to excavate and reclaim any of Begum’s writings, spending her remaining fallow years in the foreign country recreating a forgotten time from her own past.

On her way home, Shireen pays little attention to the child’s customary pampered nonsense. She thinks about her husband Mumtaz Ali, who encouraged her endeavors and recognized her superior talent. Recognizing her superior talent, he set up a press for her and published her books.

Shireen wonders if Jamil will remember her when she returns to the city or if living abroad pushes him back into the realm of the colonized, fearing the vocal freedom of their equals and partners. She wonders who will support her research on the life of a woman whose potent writings are probably interred in the mildewed and mite-infested coffers of empire.

Shireen, after spending time with her husband, calls Yasmin to discuss compiling a recipe book called Sweet Rice. Yasmin, who is free all week, suggests a publisher in Pakistan who may be interested in assisting Shireen in writing about her heroine’s life. The Pakistani lady caterers will launch the book, claiming the recipes originated in their mothers’ kitchens. Yasmin suggests a subtitle and a Bountiful Feast with bright illustrations and stories about Muhammadi Begum. The book will serve as a refreshing treat between the recipes.

Summary of Aamer Hussein The Keeper of the Shrine

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Today's Paper | May 19, 2024

Pakistan’s rice-water dilemma.

Pakistan is grappling with a dilemma. While striving to boost its rice exports to alleviate the country’s current account deficit, it faces the challenge of dwindling water resources needed to sustain the continuously increasing area of the highly water-intensive rice crop.

From FY12 to FY24, rice area has expanded from 2.57 million hectares to 3.62m hectares — reflecting a substantial growth of 40 per cent. During the same period, total rice production surged by 46pc, from 6.2m tonnes to 9m tonnes (provisional estimates of the United States Department of Agriculture for 2023-24).

In fact, the actual rice acreage is even greater than what government statistics report for the Kharif crop, as they don’t account for a recent trend in some districts where farmers are planting two rice crops from mid-April to mid-November — within a single Kharif season — under wheat-rice-rice, potato-rice-rice, and other cropping systems. The new short-duration basmati (Kissan basmati) and coarse hybrid rice varieties, which mature in under 90 days, have made this possible.

However, there is another side to this story. The ongoing increase in rice cultivation is outpacing available surface water, which is diminishing due to dam sedimentation. Consequently, indiscriminate groundwater extraction is increasing with each passing day, resulting in a continual drop in the water table. This not only degrades the quality of irrigation water but also necessitates greater energy to pump water from deeper depths.

Govt must look into short to medium term water management as surging rice farming and depleting ground water may lead to serious environment consequences

In the past, the government’s flat-rate tariff (fixed monthly bill) for tube wells encouraged excessive groundwater pumping. Likewise, the recent rapid transition to solar-powered tube wells enables farmers to operate them without restraint, which will eventually intensify the strain on already dwindling groundwater resources.

In Pakistan, groundwater remains unregulated. Last year, the Punjab Irrigation Department tried to discourage rice cultivation by announcing a much higher abiyana (canal water charges) on rice farmers compared to other crops like wheat, gram, oil seeds, and cotton effective in 2024.

The government’s reasoning for this rate increase is that, while all crops receive the same canal water allocation, rice farmers are pumping much more groundwater. In fact, Pakistan’s unsustainable usage of groundwater is causing a lot of concerns within environmentalist groups.

With this context, it’s essential to reflect on how Pakistan can reconcile conflicting priorities of managing dwindling water resources while simultaneously expanding or at least sustaining rice exports, especially in the short to medium-term, until the economy rebounds.

It is worth noting that Pakistan has a very limited exportable surplus in its agriculture and food export group, comprising mainly rice, maize, sesame, mangoes, dates, citrus, ethanol (derived from sugarcane), and potatoes. Among these, rice is currently the largest item. The Rice Exporters Association of Pakistan is optimistic, based on the first six months’ export figures, that rice exports will reach a record 5m tonnes in FY24, amounting to $3 billion.

Restricting the area under rice — the second largest crop after wheat — doesn’t seem feasible at the moment, particularly given that climate change and erratic rains during the Kharif season have reduced cotton cultivation, leading to an increase in rice area, along with maize and sugarcane.

The ongoing increase in rice cultivation is outpacing available surface water, which is diminishing due to dam sedimentation

Moreover, since rice is a major staple food in Pakistan, second only to wheat, a drop in production could increase wheat dependency, potentially triggering a new wave of food inflation.

A potential solution is to enhance the country’s water storage capacity. Undoubtedly, there is currently no substitute for dams. However, in the short to medium term, we need to manage existing water resources effectively by focusing on four key areas: reducing water conveyance losses, improving water-use efficiency, enhancing crop water productivity, and recharging groundwater.

In regards to improving water-use efficiency and water productivity of rice fields, three recent developments involving increased use of laser land levellers, adoption of short-duration rice varieties, and greater usage of high-yielding hybrid varieties have been very positive.

Despite these, our water usage is still in the range of 1,200mm - 2,000mm compared to the rice crop’s actual requirements of about 700 mm of water. Such excessive water wastage and low crop yields result in a water productivity of just 0.23 kilogram rice per cubic meter (kg/m3) in comparison with the world average of 0.79 kg/m3.

These inefficiencies highlight the shortcomings of our continuous-flooding irrigation practices, and flawed rice planting techniques, resulting in unsustainable rice production. There is a great need to promote water-saving and eco-friendly rice production.

Over past years, the government has tried to promote direct seeded rice (DSR) and bed planting techniques to save water, but these resulted in lower crop yields and failed to gain traction among farmers. However, there are several other international best-practices and techniques that have delivered notable results in other countries. By learning from their experiences and success stories, we can improve the knowledge and skills of our own farmers.

Unfortunately, groundwater recharge, especially at the farmer’s level, has always been neglected in Pakistan. Each year, an excessive amount of rainwater flows through fields, into drains, and then into rivers, ultimately reaching the sea. This water could otherwise be used to recharge underground aquifers. Such rainwater harvesting could also help reduce the risk of flooding during the monsoon season.

Rice exports are undoubtedly crucial in reducing Pakistan’s growing trade deficit. Yet, they also have colossal environmental consequences, as each kilogram of rice exported carries around 4,500 litres of embedded (hidden) water.

Our record rice exports in FY24 are largely attributed to India’s July 2023 ban on exporting its non-basmati rice. However, this situation may not persist in the future. Will our exporters be able to export the same quantity in the coming years? If not, a market glut caused by overproduction may ruin rice farmers.

Khalid Wattoo is a farmer and a development professional, and Dr Waqar Ahmad is a former Associate Professor at the University of Agriculture, Faisalabad.

Published in Dawn, The Business and Finance Weekly, May 13th, 2024

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urdu essays

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Editor : Syed Zaheeruddin Madni

Publisher : writers emporium, mumbai, origin : mumbai, india, year of publication : 1957, language : urdu, categories : essays & profiles, sub categories : essays, pages : 228, contributor : darul musannefin shibli academy, azamgarh.

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Essay Writing Tips in the Urdu Language

Post author: Mr-Teacher
Post last modified: February 21, 2023

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Are you learning Urdu and need to write your first essay in the Urdu language? It won’t be as easy as ABC because you must do much research to complete a high-quality paper. Urdu refers to rare languages and has distinctive features and peculiarities. More and more students decide to contact professional academic writers at essay writing services not to fail and submit a flawless essay in Urdu. Want to write an insightful essay that will be evaluated positively? You’ve come to the right place. Here is a collection of expert writing tips from SmartWritingService that will make the essay writing process easier and more effective.

Choose the Topic You Know the Best

First, choose the topic you can reveal in the Urdu language. If you are a beginner, you shouldn’t pick complex topics. It will be hard to discuss them, and you won’t be able to give information on all the topic issues. Don’t choose too broad or too narrow topics. Brainstorm ideas on the topics you are interested in and feel passionate about discussing. Ensure you know all the necessary Urdu words and terms to discuss the chosen subject.

Conduct Research and Analysis

The second thing you need to do is to search for credible sources of information. You need to use only educational websites and electronic libraries with trusted sources. Don’t use any facts or data until you make sure all the information is true. You can use books, articles from newspapers, and web sources. The more sources you use, the better. Collect all the information on the topic you can find and analyze what pieces of information are valuable for your essay.

Write a Detailed Essay Outline

Now you have a topic and enough material to get started. Make an essay outline to have a clear picture of how to structure your essay paper. Using a good outline you won’t miss any important ideas on the subject.

Divide Your Content into 3 Parts

Your essay should consist of 3 parts: an introduction, the main body, and the conclusion. You should start with an engaging opening paragraph. The main key to success is to include interesting facts or a story about your topic. You should structure your essay, so the content is easy to perceive and understand. There is a wealth of literature in Urdu. This is the literature of Indian Muslims that dates back to the 13th century. Until the beginning of the 19th century, it was represented mainly by lyric poetry on religious-philosophical themes and was strongly influenced by Persian poetry. It’s a good idea to include poetry in your essay. Find several lines that reflect on your essay topic and use them at the beginning of your essay paper.

Write a short introduction to attract the reader’s attention and proceed to the main part of the essay. Here, you need to discuss all the key issues, give arguments for each of the discussion points, and start any new idea from the new paragraph. Finally, conclude your Urdu essay with several sentences that will make it clear to the reader why he/she has spent time learning the topic. Write about the possibility of further research on the topic. The conclusion should be brief, clear, and concise.

Pay a Special Attention to Grammar in Urdu

The grammar of Urdu is generally similar to that of Hindi; however, due to the cultural separation of Muslims from Hindus, Urdu has incorporated some elements characteristic of the grammar of Arabic and Persian.

Nouns, pronouns, and verbs change in numbers (singular and plural) and cases (direct, indirect, vocative), verbs, some adjectives, and nouns also in gender (masculine and feminine). Some postpositions also vary in gender and number.
Urdu pronouns are classified into several groups of meanings. Urdu has no negative pronouns; instead, negative constructions with indefinite pronouns are used. By the nature of the changes and functions in the sentence, pronouns are divided into pronouns-nouns, pronouns-adjectives, and pronouns-numerals. There are several types of participles in Urdu. The participles combine verbal and nominal signs. Foreign language (Arabic, Persian) participles in Urdu are used as ordinary adjectives.
There are several types of verb tenses in Urdu. In terms of the present, there are two kinds, in terms of the past – three, and in terms of the future, the kind can both be expressed (in three forms) and remain unexpressed. Most tenses are formed by creating a nominal predicate from a participle and an auxiliary verb. The imperative mood has several forms, which differ in the degree of politeness. Also, in Urdu, there are “intensive verbs” – combinations of the stem of a verb with one of the 12 service verbs. As a result of this combination, the main verb receives a refined shade of its meaning. Intensive verbs are usually not recorded in dictionaries, they are not separate verbs, and in each particular case, they are formed directly in speech.

Proofread and edit the essay, if necessary. Make sure it doesn’t contain grammar errors, and that the whole essay sounds logical. If you lack essay writing skills or knowledge of the Urdu language, don’t hesitate to ask custom writers to check your paper and make it error-free. Experienced writers will provide a high-quality essay sample on the necessary topic to get inspired and learn how to express your thoughts in Urdu.

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How to Write the Rice University Essays 2023-2024

Rice University has three supplemental essays. Two of them are required for all applicants, while one of them gives you a choice between two different prompts. If you are applying to the School of Architecture, you are required to write two additional supplemental essays.

Rice is an extremely selective school, which means that your essays need to truly shine, to set you apart from other smart, talented applicants. In this post, we’ll break down each prompt, and explain how to write an excellent response that will maximize your chances of acceptance.

Read these Rice essay examples to inspire your writing.

Rice University Supplemental Essay Prompts

All applicants.

Prompt 1: Please explain why you wish to study in the academic areas you selected. (150 words)

Prompt 2: Based upon your exploration of Rice University, what elements of the Rice experience appeal to you? (150 words)

Prompt 3: The Rice Box: In keeping with Rice’s long-standing tradition, please share an image of something that appeals to you.

Prompt 4: Please respond to one of the following prompts to explore how you will contribute to the Rice community (500 words):

Option A: The Residential College System is at the heart of Rice student life and is heavily influenced by the particular cultural traditions and unique life experiences each student brings. What life experiences and/or unique perspectives are you looking forward to sharing with fellow Owls in the residential college system?
Option B: Rice is strengthened by its diverse community of learning and discovery that produces leaders and change agents across the spectrum of human endeavor. What perspectives shaped by your background, experiences, upbringing, and/or racial identity inspire you to join our community of change agents at Rice?

Applicants to the School of Architecture

Architecture applicants will not be required to answer Prompt 4 (above). Instead, they will answer Prompts 1-3 above, along with the following:

Prompt 1: Why are you determined to study architecture? Could you please elaborate on your past experiences and how they have motivated you to apply to Rice University and the School of Architecture in particular? (250 words)

Prompt 2: Please expand on relevant experiences and motivations outside of your academic trajectory that have inspired you to study architecture, focusing on aspects that are not accommodated by other prompts in the application. (250 words)

All Applicants, Prompt 1

Please explain why you wish to study in the academic areas you selected. (150 words).

For this prompt, you want to discuss the reason behind your intended major and why you want to study that subject at Rice. It is particularly important to avoid giving the reader the impression that your chosen major attracts you because of the associated monetary reward or prestige—this will come across as shallow, and your passion for it will be deemed unsustainable. Instead, consider what excites you about your intended field of study, as well as the specific dimensions of this subject that fit your strengths and ambitions.

Instead of mentioning the general advantages of a Rice education, such as the high standard of academic performance and the accomplished faculty, you should discuss explicit offerings such as the Century Scholars Program , which assigns participants a faculty mentor for guidance in undergraduate research.

If you’ve visited the campus, writing about the content of a lecture that you sat in on, or the reflections of current students in the same program can demonstrate your interest in the school. It would also provide a strong basis for your belief that you and Rice’s environment are a match. If you haven’t had such opportunities, do extensive online research to show that you’ve carefully reflected on your compatibility with Rice.

For example:

The School of Social Sciences emphasizes the professional development of students through the Gateway Program. If you’re interested in research, there are several social science institutes at Rice, such as the Shell Center for Sustainability and the Houston Education Research Consortium, that focus on understanding and solving specific social issues.
In the Wiess School of Natural Sciences, academic programs (such as the Department of Kinesiology) and research organizations (such as the Smalley-Curl Institute, specializing in nanoscience) offer opportunities in unique niches of science that lend themselves to important applications. Here, you will find out that those unique niches include everything from heterogeneous cell systems to plasmids in E.coli. This is the level of specificity that you should strive for.

All Applicants, Prompt 2

Based upon your exploration of rice university, what elements of the rice experience appeal to you (150 words).

In this classic “Why This College?” essay, the goal is to strike a balance between discussing the academic advantages of Rice, and the sociocultural elements of Rice’s campus that dovetail with your personality and goals. You want to be careful to avoid the pitfall of common sentiments—don’t cite the low student-to-faculty ratio and small class sizes that the university’s website advertises, as, while wonderful things, those are features of plenty of other schools as well.

You also want to avoid repeating the benefits of studying your intended major, as Prompt 1 already addresses that topic. Remember, you already only get so much space in your college application, so you don’t want to voluntarily limit yourself even further by repeating information that can already be found elsewhere.

Instead, dig beyond the first page of Rice’s website, to find details about the school that most other applicants do not have, and show Rice admissions officers that you already have a clear sense of how you would fit into their campus community. These could be details about student organizations, study abroad programs, research opportunities, or really anything that takes admissions officers outside of the classroom, to show them what your broader Rice experience would look like.

For example, if you are interested in interdisciplinary studies, you might spend part of your essay talking about your desire to join the Houston Institute Club, whose mission is to “explore the intersection of the humanities with the sciences and technology,” as that would show how this element of your personality overlaps with a feature of Rice.

Alternatively, if activism is important to you, you might mention wanting to join Rice for Black Life, a newly-formed racial justice group that raised almost $100k in a day for organizations fighting anti-Black violence. If you’re not sure exactly what you want to do at Rice, that’s also okay! Nailing down your desire to attend a particular school in the way this kind of essay requires is tricky, but there are a few different strategies you can use for getting started on your research.

Finally, keep an eye on the word count—150 words isn’t many to work with. You probably have a whole bunch of reasons for wanting to attend Rice, but you don’t want this essay to turn into a grocery list, as you need to give yourself room to elaborate on why you’re interested in the opportunities you’ve selected. So, make sure you keep your focus narrow, on just 1-2 features of Rice that are particularly attractive to you.

All Applicants, Prompt 3

The rice box: in keeping with rice’s long-standing tradition, please share an image of something that appeals to you..

They say a picture is worth a thousand words, so choose your image carefully! The image needs to make sense on its own, as you get to include a caption or accompanying essay, but you also want it to tell admissions officers something new about you. For example, if your common app essay is about kayaking, and you include a picture of a kayak, you’re essentially just repeating yourself in visual form.

What you want to do instead is take advantage of this creative “supplement” to show a side of your personality that doesn’t come across anywhere else in your application. College applications are, by their nature, somewhat limited in what they allow you to say about yourself. As you think about what image you want to include, think about something that’s crucial to understanding who you are, but doesn’t come across in your grades, extracurriculars, or essays.

That could be a photo of your childhood teddy bear, as that would show admissions officers you are sentimental, and hold onto things that are important to you. Alternatively, you could include a picture of your collection of Taylor Swift CDs, as that will show them that, when you love something or someone, you are dedicated and passionate.

While the Rice Box is a great chance for you to get creative, you don’t want to get too creative, as, again, you aren’t able to include any explanation with your image. So, if you include a photo of an abstract painting you did, admissions officers might not understand what they’re looking at. Make sure your image can stand alone, but other than that, don’t be afraid to (despite this prompt’s reference to the “Rice Box”) think outside the box here!

All Applicants, Prompt 4, Option A

The residential college system is at the heart of rice student life and is heavily influenced by the particular cultural traditions and unique life experiences each student brings. what life experiences and/or unique perspectives are you looking forward to sharing with fellow owls in the residential college system (500 words).

Rice’s Residential College System randomly places students in one of eleven colleges and the majority of students live in their college for all four years. Rice considers diversity of perspective and experience fundamental to the success of the Residential College System, so your response should demonstrate how you would add to this system and the broader Rice community.

Although the question is framed around the Residential College System, this is a classic example of the Diversity Essay . That means you want to focus on some aspect of your background, culture, or life experiences that has given you a unique perspective to share with other Rice students.

The prompt itself casts quite a wide net, by asking you to write about your “life experiences and/or unique perspectives.” That certainly includes race, gender, sexuality, ethnicity, and other aspects of our identities that people often associate with diversity. But you could also talk about your passion for Egyptian mythology, or your family’s love of fishing, or really anything that has been influential in making you who you are today.

Once you have selected a topic, you want to be sure to show, not tell, as you explain how this part of your identity would enrich Rice’s residential community. In other words, use examples to show how going on fishing trips every summer (for example) has shaped your personality. Don’t just say “Fishing has taught me patience and respect for the natural world.” Rather, describe an experience that helped teach you those lessons. That detail will give your reader a much clearer sense of exactly how you grew into the person you are today, and how you see yourself sharing your values with your peers at Rice.

As you flesh out the feature of your identity you’ve chosen to focus on, you want to make sure that you address the “Residential College System” component of this prompt, as Rice admissions officers aren’t just looking for a diversity essay. They also want you to connect your experiences to this feature of their school, which would play a huge part in your experience there.

In drawing this connection, you want to go beyond generic college tropes like late-night conversations with your roommate, as those are things you can find at any school. Instead, find some element of the Residential College System specifically that you’re intrigued by. Obviously, you don’t know which college you would be sorted into, but detail will still show Rice admissions officers that you’re genuinely interested in this feature of their school.

For example, if your essay is about coming to terms with your sexuality, and how today you are finally unafraid to express yourself in whatever way feels best, you could connect that to Brown college’s holiday decoration contest, and how your flair and confidence would make you a serious contender.

One last word of advice: make sure this supplement gives your reader new information. The broad scope of the prompt means you may be inspired to write about something you have already written about elsewhere in your application (in your common app essay, for example). But space in college applications is already incredibly limited, so you don’t want to voluntarily limit yourself even further by passing up one of the opportunities you do have to share something new with admissions officers.

All Applicants, Prompt 4, Option B

Rice is strengthened by its diverse community of learning and discovery that produces leaders and change agents across the spectrum of human endeavor. what perspectives shaped by your background, experiences, upbringing, and/or racial identity inspire you to join our community of change agents at rice (500 words).

Like the first option for this prompt, this is a good example of the common Diversity Essay , but without the twist of incorporating Rice’s Residential College System. So, much of what we wrote above applies here too: you want to select some aspect of your identity that you feel is particularly important to understanding who you are overall, and use anecdotes to explain how this aspect has shaped you.

As noted in our breakdown of the first option, the part of your identity you focus on can be just about anything. In this prompt, the phrasing is slightly different, but Rice is still intentionally casting a wide net with the line “background, experiences, upbring, and/or racial identity.”

Do keep in mind that, after the Supreme Court struck down affirmative action , the way colleges evaluate race in admissions will be different this year. While schools can no longer factor race into their broader admissions strategies, they can still consider it on an individual level, through essays. So, if you would like to share how your racial background has shaped you and inspires you to become an agent of change, you’re welcome to do so here.

As an example of a good topic, you could write about how your parents immigrating from Costa Rica and speaking Spanish to you at home taught you the value of working to preserve the things that are most important to you. But you could also write about something more unconventional, like how helping organize files at your dad’s law firm every summer showed you that every great achievement is the sum of many small, seemingly insignificant actions.

Neither approach is better or worse than the other. Just ask yourself honestly which aspect of your identity (which you have not already shared elsewhere in your application) is most important for admissions officers to know about, and structure your response around it.

What you do want to make sure to include in your response is a broader takeaway, along the lines of the ones highlighted in our examples above. Remember that Rice admissions officers are trying to get a sense of what you would look like as a member of their campus community, so they need to know more than just “my parents spoke Spanish to me at home” or “I worked at my dad’s law firm in the summer.”

They also need to understand why these experiences are relevant to understanding what you’d look like as a Rice student, so make sure your response answers that question. For example, for the above examples, the Costa Rican student might write that they were once speaking Spanish in a grocery store with their mom when a stranger made a xenophobic comment and told them to speak English. Because she feels most connected to her roots when speaking Spanish, she wanted others to have a supportive space to learn and speak Spanish (both heritage speakers and non-heritage speakers), so she started a Spanish club at school and put on cultural events. She can write that she wants to continue to foster these spaces at Rice and beyond.

School of Architecture Applicants, Prompt 1

Why are you determined to study architecture could you please elaborate on your past experiences and how they have motivated you to apply to rice university and the school of architecture in particular (250 words).

This is an example of the traditional “Why This Major” essay, that you will likely become familiar with as you work through your supplements. Rice wants to know two things: why you want to study architecture, and why Rice is a good fit for you to pursue your architectural goals. Remember that you’ll also be submitting your response to Prompt 1, which is also about your academic interests, so be sure that this essay presents new information and isn’t repetitive.

In fleshing out your motivation for studying architecture, you want to draw on your past experiences to demonstrate your personal connection to the subject. If you rely on abstract theories of how to design windows, or spend 200 of your 250 words talking about why Frank Lloyd Wright is your favorite architect, admissions officers will likely want to accept him, or install a new window in their house, rather than accept you.

Instead, you could talk about how your town renovated its bus station when you were starting high school, and your fascination with the choices they made to ensure the station would still run efficiently even during snowy winters. Rather than just telling your readers that you’re interested in infrastructure, you ground this interest in a personal narrative, which gives them a much clearer understanding of why you’re drawn to architecture.

You can also take a longitudinal approach to this essay, by explaining how your passion for architecture unfolded over time.

For example, you could begin by describing your sense of wonder the first time you saw The Vessel in Hudson Yards, a relatively new development in New York City. You could then transition into talking about how, when you started researching the project, you learned about the controversial tax breaks the Hudson Yards development project received, which prompted a broader interest in the political side of architecture.

Regardless of the approach you take, you want to be sure that you don’t just answer “Why architecture?” but also “Why architecture at Rice ?” Rice isn’t the only school with an architecture program, so you want to make sure you explain why you are interested in theirs in particular.

For the bus station example, you could connect that experience to your hope to work with Professor Georgina Baronian, whose work explores “the interrelation of climate and aesthetics.” For the Hudson Yards example, you could talk about how you hope to delve deeper into the intersection between architecture and politics through courses like ARCH 350 (2): HOUSE: Historical, Representational, Political, which “considers the house typology as a connective thread through history with embedded representational imagery and political implications.” These connections to Rice specifically will give admissions officers confidence that you are ready to take advantage of all that Rice’s architecture program has to offer.

School of Architecture Applicants, Prompt 2

Please expand on relevant experiences and motivations outside of your academic trajectory that have inspired you to study architecture, focusing on aspects that are not accommodated by other prompts in the application. (250 words).

The key to this prompt is the phrase “outside of your academic trajectory.” You already have two essays that give you space to talk about your academic interest in architecture. But choosing a major, and potentially a career, is about more than just books and classes. In this essay, you want to show admissions officers what broader fulfillment architecture gives you, to the point that you want to dedicate your higher educational experience to the field.

There’s no one right way to do that, but one approach is to consider your informal experiences, or self-motivated educational endeavors, that contributed to your interest in architecture. That could be the story of how as a child you used to hold screws in place for your dad when he was building you the bunk bed you’d always wanted.

Alternatively, you could talk about how watching a documentary on Italian Renaissance architecture inspired you to want to build something as beautiful and enduring as the duomo in Siena. Or you could connect your interest in architecture to more general values you hold, by, for example, describing how architecture allows you to combine your love of beautiful things with your belief in the importance of efficiency.

The only real rule here is that you’re honest. If you’re having a hard time crafting your response to this prompt, take a step back, from the essay and from your application to Rice in general, and ask yourself honestly: Why do I want to study architecture? In sports, athletes sometimes talk about the importance of never losing your love for the game, and a similar idea applies here. When you’re not in class or discussing building codes, what makes your heart burn for architecture? That’s the question you want to answer in this essay.

Where to Get Your Rice Essays Edited

Do you want feedback on your Rice essays? After rereading your essays countless times, it can be difficult to evaluate your writing objectively. That’s why we created our free Peer Essay Review tool , where you can get a free review of your essay from another student. You can also improve your own writing skills by reviewing other students’ essays.

If you want a college admissions expert to review your essay, advisors on CollegeVine have helped students refine their writing and submit successful applications to top schools. Find the right advisor for you to improve your chances of getting into your dream school!