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The words ‘ dissertation ’ and ‘thesis’ both refer to a large written research project undertaken to complete a degree, but they are used differently depending on the country:
The main difference is in terms of scale – a dissertation is usually much longer than the other essays you complete during your degree.
Another key difference is that you are given much more independence when working on a dissertation. You choose your own dissertation topic , and you have to conduct the research and write the dissertation yourself (with some assistance from your supervisor).
Dissertation word counts vary widely across different fields, institutions, and levels of education:
However, none of these are strict guidelines – your word count may be lower or higher than the numbers stated here. Always check the guidelines provided by your university to determine how long your own dissertation should be.
At the bachelor’s and master’s levels, the dissertation is usually the main focus of your final year. You might work on it (alongside other classes) for the entirety of the final year, or for the last six months. This includes formulating an idea, doing the research, and writing up.
A PhD thesis takes a longer time, as the thesis is the main focus of the degree. A PhD thesis might be being formulated and worked on for the whole four years of the degree program. The writing process alone can take around 18 months.
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Caulfield, J. (2022, May 05). What Is a Dissertation? | 5 Essential Questions to Get Started. Scribbr. Retrieved 26 August 2024, from https://www.scribbr.co.uk/thesis-dissertation/what-is-a-dissertation/
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Guide to writing your thesis/dissertation, definition of dissertation and thesis.
The dissertation or thesis is a scholarly treatise that substantiates a specific point of view as a result of original research that is conducted by students during their graduate study. At Cornell, the thesis is a requirement for the receipt of the M.A. and M.S. degrees and some professional master’s degrees. The dissertation is a requirement of the Ph.D. degree.
The Graduate School sets the minimum format for your thesis or dissertation, while you, your special committee, and your advisor/chair decide upon the content and length. Grammar, punctuation, spelling, and other mechanical issues are your sole responsibility. Generally, the thesis and dissertation should conform to the standards of leading academic journals in your field. The Graduate School does not monitor the thesis or dissertation for mechanics, content, or style.
A “papers option” is available only to students in certain fields, which are listed on the Fields Permitting the Use of Papers Option page , or by approved petition. If you choose the papers option, your dissertation or thesis is organized as a series of relatively independent chapters or papers that you have submitted or will be submitting to journals in the field. You must be the only author or the first author of the papers to be used in the dissertation. The papers-option dissertation or thesis must meet all format and submission requirements, and a singular referencing convention must be used throughout.
The dissertation and thesis become permanent records of your original research, and in the case of doctoral research, the Graduate School requires publication of the dissertation and abstract in its original form. All Cornell master’s theses and doctoral dissertations require an electronic submission through ProQuest, which fills orders for paper or digital copies of the thesis and dissertation and makes a digital version available online via their subscription database, ProQuest Dissertations & Theses . For master’s theses, only the abstract is available. ProQuest provides worldwide distribution of your work from the master copy. You retain control over your dissertation and are free to grant publishing rights as you see fit. The formatting requirements contained in this guide meet all ProQuest specifications.
Copies of Ph.D. dissertations and master’s theses are also uploaded in PDF format to the Cornell Library Repository, eCommons . A print copy of each master’s thesis and doctoral dissertation is submitted to Cornell University Library by ProQuest.
Writing Guides
A dissertation is a lengthy, formal document that presents the research and findings of an individual as part of the requirements for a doctoral degree or, in some cases, a master’s degree. It involves conducting original research on a specific topic, making a significant contribution to the existing body of knowledge. The process typically starts with a thorough literature review to understand the current state of knowledge in the chosen area and identify gaps that the dissertation will address. This is followed by the development of a research methodology, where the methods used to conduct the research are detailed. The core of the dissertation includes the presentation of research findings, followed by a discussion section where these findings are analyzed and interpreted in the context of existing knowledge.
Table of Contents
The format of a dissertation can vary depending on the field of study and the specific guidelines of the academic institution. However, a typical dissertation structure includes the following sections:
This includes the title of the dissertation, the author’s name, the degree for which the dissertation is submitted, the name of the institution, and the date of submission.
A brief summary of the research, including the research question, methodology, key findings, and conclusions. It usually ranges from 150 to 300 words.
An optional section where the author can thank those who contributed to the completion of the dissertation, such as advisors, family, and friends.
A list of all the chapters and major sections, including page numbers.
If applicable, this section lists all the figures and tables included in the dissertation, along with their page numbers.
An overview of the research topic, the research question, the significance of the study, and an outline of the dissertation structure.
A comprehensive review of existing research relevant to the topic, identifying gaps that the dissertation aims to fill.
A detailed description of the research design, data collection methods, and data analysis techniques used in the study.
Presentation of the research findings, often including tables, graphs, and statistical analyses.
Interpretation of the findings, discussing their implications, how they fit with existing research, and any limitations of the study.
A summary of the research, key findings, implications, and suggestions for future research.
A list of all the sources cited in the dissertation, formatted according to a specific citation style (e.g., APA, MLA, Chicago).
Supplementary material that is relevant to the dissertation but not included in the main text, such as raw data, questionnaires, or additional analyses.
Here’s a step-by-step guide on writing dissertation paper:
Interest and Relevance: Select a topic you are passionate about and that is relevant to your field of study. Scope and Feasibility: Ensure the topic is manageable within the given time frame and resources. Research Gap: Identify a gap in the existing research that your dissertation will address.
Comprehensive Search: Review existing literature related to your topic. Theoretical Framework: Identify key theories and models relevant to your research. Critical Analysis: Critically analyze previous studies to identify strengths, weaknesses, and gaps.
Introduction: Introduce your research question and objectives. Literature Review: Summarize the key literature and highlight the research gap. Methodology: Describe the research methods you will use. Timeline: Provide a timeline for your research. References: List the sources you have cited.
Research Methods: Choose appropriate methods for data collection (qualitative, quantitative, or mixed methods). Data Collection: Collect data using surveys, interviews, experiments, or archival research. Ethical Considerations: Ensure ethical standards are maintained in data collection.
Data Cleaning: Prepare your data for analysis by cleaning and organizing it. Statistical Analysis: Use statistical software to analyze quantitative data. Thematic Analysis: Identify themes and patterns in qualitative data. Interpretation: Interpret the results in the context of your research questions.
Introduction: Introduce your topic, research questions, and objectives. Literature Review: Provide a detailed review of the existing literature. Methodology: Explain the research design, methods, and procedures. Results: Present the findings of your research. Discussion: Interpret the results, discuss their implications, and compare them with previous studies. Conclusion: Summarize the key findings, discuss their significance, and suggest future research directions. References: List all sources cited in your dissertation. Appendices: Include any additional material, such as raw data or detailed calculations.
Content Review: Ensure your dissertation addresses the research questions and meets academic standards. Clarity and Coherence: Check for clarity, coherence, and logical flow of arguments. Grammar and Style: Correct grammatical errors and ensure consistency in style and formatting. Feedback: Seek feedback from your supervisor and peers and make necessary revisions.
Submission: Submit the final draft of your dissertation according to your institution’s guidelines. Preparation for Defense: Prepare a presentation summarizing your research and findings. Defense: Present your dissertation and answer questions from the committee.
Below are some dissertation topics across various fields.
Sociology: The impact of social media on adolescent mental health. Urbanization and its effects on community structures in developing countries. The role of gender norms in workplace inequality. Psychology: Cognitive-behavioral therapy effectiveness in treating PTSD. The relationship between childhood trauma and adult relationship patterns. Neuroplasticity and its implications for rehabilitation after brain injury. Political Science: The rise of populism in Western democracies. Electoral reforms and their impact on voter turnout. The role of international organizations in conflict resolution.
Literature: Postcolonial readings of contemporary African literature. The evolution of dystopian themes in 21st-century novels. Gender and identity in Shakespearean plays. History: The socio-economic impacts of the Industrial Revolution in Europe. The influence of the Cold War on Latin American politics. Women’s roles in resistance movements during World War II. Philosophy: The relevance of existentialism in modern society. Ethical implications of artificial intelligence. The concept of justice in Rawls vs. Nozick.
Biology: The role of microbiomes in human health. Climate change impacts on biodiversity. Genetic engineering and its ethical considerations. Chemistry: Development of sustainable chemical processes. Advances in medicinal chemistry for cancer treatment. Nanotechnology applications in material science. Physics: Quantum computing and its future applications. Dark matter and dark energy in cosmology. The physics of renewable energy sources.
Computer Science: Machine learning applications in healthcare. Cybersecurity challenges in the era of the Internet of Things. Blockchain technology and its potential beyond cryptocurrencies. Civil Engineering: Sustainable urban infrastructure development. Innovations in earthquake-resistant building designs. The impact of climate change on coastal engineering. Electrical Engineering: Advances in renewable energy technologies. The development of smart grid systems. Applications of IoT in industrial automation.
Business Administration: The impact of corporate social responsibility on brand image. Strategies for managing remote teams in multinational companies. The role of innovation in start-up success. Economics: Economic impacts of universal basic income. The role of behavioral economics in policy making. Global trade dynamics in a post-pandemic world. Finance: The effects of fintech on traditional banking. Risk management in cryptocurrency investments. Financial implications of climate change for businesses.
The terms “dissertation” and “thesis” are often used interchangeably, but they can have different meanings depending on the country and academic institution. Here’s a general distinction:
In the United States:
Thesis: Usually refers to a research project or paper that is completed as part of a master’s degree program. It involves original research, but on a smaller scale compared to a dissertation. A thesis demonstrates the student’s understanding of a specific topic within their field of study.
Dissertation: Typically refers to a more extensive research project required for a doctoral (Ph.D.) degree. A dissertation involves original research that contributes new knowledge or theories to the field. It is usually more comprehensive and in-depth than a thesis.
In Europe and other parts of the world:
Thesis: Often used to describe the research project or paper completed at the end of a doctoral program (Ph.D.). It is similar to what is called a dissertation in the United States.
Dissertation: Sometimes used to refer to the research project or paper required for a master’s degree, similar to what is called a thesis in the United States.
Research: Both involve significant research and writing. The scope and depth may vary, but the fundamental process of conducting research, analyzing data, and presenting findings is common to both.
Originality: Both require original work, but the level of originality and contribution to the field is typically higher for a dissertation.
Structure: Both usually follow a structured format, including an introduction, literature review, methodology, results, discussion, and conclusion.
Scope: Dissertations are generally longer and more detailed than thesis. Degree Level: Thesis are often for master’s programs, while dissertations are for doctoral programs. Purpose: A thesis demonstrates mastery of a specific topic, while a dissertation contributes new knowledge to the field. Understanding these distinctions can help clarify what is expected for each type of research project depending on the academic context.
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Published on September 21, 2022 by Tegan George . Revised on July 18, 2023.
When starting your thesis or dissertation process, one of the first requirements is a research proposal or a prospectus. It describes what or who you want to examine, delving into why, when, where, and how you will do so, stemming from your research question and a relevant topic .
The proposal or prospectus stage is crucial for the development of your research. It helps you choose a type of research to pursue, as well as whether to pursue qualitative or quantitative methods and what your research design will look like.
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What should your proposal contain, dissertation question examples, what should your proposal look like, dissertation prospectus examples, other interesting articles, frequently asked questions about proposals.
Prior to jumping into the research for your thesis or dissertation, you first need to develop your research proposal and have it approved by your supervisor. It should outline all of the decisions you have taken about your project, from your dissertation topic to your hypotheses and research objectives .
Depending on your department’s requirements, there may be a defense component involved, where you present your research plan in prospectus format to your committee for their approval.
Your proposal should answer the following questions:
Ultimately, your proposal should persuade your supervisor or committee that your proposed project is worth pursuing.
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Strong research kicks off with a solid research question , and dissertations are no exception to this.
Dissertation research questions should be:
An easy rule of thumb is that your proposal will usually resemble a (much) shorter version of your thesis or dissertation. While of course it won’t include the results section , discussion section , or conclusion , it serves as a “mini” version or roadmap for what you eventually seek to write.
Be sure to include:
The length of your proposal varies quite a bit depending on your discipline and type of work you’re conducting. While a thesis proposal is often only 3-7 pages long, a prospectus for your dissertation is usually much longer, with more detailed analysis. Dissertation proposals can be up to 25-30 pages in length.
Writing a proposal or prospectus can be a challenge, but we’ve compiled some examples for you to get your started.
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The research methods you use depend on the type of data you need to answer your research question .
A thesis or dissertation outline is one of the most critical first steps in your writing process. It helps you to lay out and organize your ideas and can provide you with a roadmap for deciding what kind of research you’d like to undertake.
Generally, an outline contains information on the different sections included in your thesis or dissertation , such as:
A well-planned research design helps ensure that your methods match your research aims, that you collect high-quality data, and that you use the right kind of analysis to answer your questions, utilizing credible sources . This allows you to draw valid , trustworthy conclusions.
The priorities of a research design can vary depending on the field, but you usually have to specify:
A dissertation prospectus or proposal describes what or who you plan to research for your dissertation. It delves into why, when, where, and how you will do your research, as well as helps you choose a type of research to pursue. You should also determine whether you plan to pursue qualitative or quantitative methods and what your research design will look like.
It should outline all of the decisions you have taken about your project, from your dissertation topic to your hypotheses and research objectives , ready to be approved by your supervisor or committee.
Note that some departments require a defense component, where you present your prospectus to your committee orally.
Formulating a main research question can be a difficult task. Overall, your question should contribute to solving the problem that you have defined in your problem statement .
However, it should also fulfill criteria in three main areas:
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George, T. (2023, July 18). How to Write a Dissertation or Thesis Proposal. Scribbr. Retrieved August 26, 2024, from https://www.scribbr.com/dissertation/thesis-dissertation-proposal/
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Home » Thesis – Structure, Example and Writing Guide
Table of contents.
Definition:
Thesis is a scholarly document that presents a student’s original research and findings on a particular topic or question. It is usually written as a requirement for a graduate degree program and is intended to demonstrate the student’s mastery of the subject matter and their ability to conduct independent research.
The concept of a thesis can be traced back to ancient Greece, where it was used as a way for students to demonstrate their knowledge of a particular subject. However, the modern form of the thesis as a scholarly document used to earn a degree is a relatively recent development.
The origin of the modern thesis can be traced back to medieval universities in Europe. During this time, students were required to present a “disputation” in which they would defend a particular thesis in front of their peers and faculty members. These disputations served as a way to demonstrate the student’s mastery of the subject matter and were often the final requirement for earning a degree.
In the 17th century, the concept of the thesis was formalized further with the creation of the modern research university. Students were now required to complete a research project and present their findings in a written document, which would serve as the basis for their degree.
The modern thesis as we know it today has evolved over time, with different disciplines and institutions adopting their own standards and formats. However, the basic elements of a thesis – original research, a clear research question, a thorough review of the literature, and a well-argued conclusion – remain the same.
The structure of a thesis may vary slightly depending on the specific requirements of the institution, department, or field of study, but generally, it follows a specific format.
Here’s a breakdown of the structure of a thesis:
This is the first page of the thesis that includes the title of the thesis, the name of the author, the name of the institution, the department, the date, and any other relevant information required by the institution.
This is a brief summary of the thesis that provides an overview of the research question, methodology, findings, and conclusions.
This page provides a list of all the chapters and sections in the thesis and their page numbers.
This chapter provides an overview of the research question, the context of the research, and the purpose of the study. The introduction should also outline the methodology and the scope of the research.
This chapter provides a critical analysis of the relevant literature on the research topic. It should demonstrate the gap in the existing knowledge and justify the need for the research.
This chapter provides a detailed description of the research methods used to gather and analyze data. It should explain the research design, the sampling method, data collection techniques, and data analysis procedures.
This chapter presents the findings of the research. It should include tables, graphs, and charts to illustrate the results.
This chapter interprets the results and relates them to the research question. It should explain the significance of the findings and their implications for the research topic.
This chapter summarizes the key findings and the main conclusions of the research. It should also provide recommendations for future research.
This section provides a list of all the sources cited in the thesis. The citation style may vary depending on the requirements of the institution or the field of study.
This section includes any additional material that supports the research, such as raw data, survey questionnaires, or other relevant documents.
Here are some steps to help you write a thesis:
Example of Thesis template for Students:
Title of Thesis
Table of Contents:
Chapter 1: Introduction
Chapter 2: Literature Review
Chapter 3: Research Methodology
Chapter 4: Results
Chapter 5: Discussion
Chapter 6: Conclusion
References:
Appendices:
Note: That’s just a basic template, but it should give you an idea of the structure and content that a typical thesis might include. Be sure to consult with your department or supervisor for any specific formatting requirements they may have. Good luck with your thesis!
Thesis is an important academic document that serves several purposes. Here are some of the applications of thesis:
The purpose of a thesis is to present original research findings in a clear and organized manner. It is a formal document that demonstrates a student’s ability to conduct independent research and contribute to the knowledge in their field of study. The primary purposes of a thesis are:
The timing for writing a thesis depends on the specific requirements of the academic program or institution. In most cases, the opportunity to write a thesis is typically offered at the graduate level, but there may be exceptions.
Generally, students should plan to write their thesis during the final year of their graduate program. This allows sufficient time for conducting research, analyzing data, and writing the thesis. It is important to start planning the thesis early and to identify a research topic and research advisor as soon as possible.
In some cases, students may be able to write a thesis as part of an undergraduate program or as an independent research project outside of an academic program. In such cases, it is important to consult with faculty advisors or mentors to ensure that the research is appropriately designed and executed.
It is important to note that the process of writing a thesis can be time-consuming and requires a significant amount of effort and dedication. It is important to plan accordingly and to allocate sufficient time for conducting research, analyzing data, and writing the thesis.
The characteristics of a thesis vary depending on the specific academic program or institution. However, some general characteristics of a thesis include:
There are several advantages to writing a thesis, including:
There are also some limitations to writing a thesis, including:
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References provide the information necessary for readers to identify and retrieve each work cited in the text .
Check each reference carefully against the original publication to ensure information is accurate and complete. Accurately prepared references help establish your credibility as a careful researcher and writer.
Consistency in reference formatting allows readers to focus on the content of your reference list, discerning both the types of works you consulted and the important reference elements (who, when, what, and where) with ease. When you present each reference in a consistent fashion, readers do not need to spend time determining how you organized the information. And when searching the literature yourself, you also save time and effort when reading reference lists in the works of others that are written in APA Style.
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A dissertation is a long-form piece of academic writing based on original research conducted by you. It is usually submitted as the final step in order to finish a PhD program. Your dissertation is probably the longest piece of writing you've ever completed. It requires solid research, writing, and analysis skills, and it can be intimidating ...
Craft a convincing dissertation or thesis research proposal. Write a clear, compelling introduction chapter. Undertake a thorough review of the existing research and write up a literature review. Undertake your own research. Present and interpret your findings. Draw a conclusion and discuss the implications.
The meaning of DISSERTATION is an extended usually written treatment of a subject; specifically : one submitted for a doctorate. How to use dissertation in a sentence.
A dissertation (or thesis) is a process. Okay, so now that you understand that a dissertation is a research project (which is testing your ability to undertake quality research), let's go a little deeper into what that means in practical terms. The best way to understand a dissertation is to view it as a process - more specifically a ...
Revised on 5 May 2022. A dissertation is a large research project undertaken at the end of a degree. It involves in-depth consideration of a problem or question chosen by the student. It is usually the largest (and final) piece of written work produced during a degree. The length and structure of a dissertation vary widely depending on the ...
DISSERTATION definition: 1. a long piece of writing on a particular subject, especially one that is done in order to receive…. Learn more.
Definition of Dissertation and Thesis. The dissertation or thesis is a scholarly treatise that substantiates a specific point of view as a result of original research that is conducted by students during their graduate study. At Cornell, the thesis is a requirement for the receipt of the M.A. and M.S. degrees and some professional master's ...
A dissertation is a lengthy research paper written as a requirement to earn an academic degree. Typically, students must write a dissertation toward the end of their program to both prove their knowledge and contribute new research to their field. The term dissertation is sometimes used interchangeably with thesis paper.
A thesis is a type of research paper based on your original research. It is usually submitted as the final step of a master's program or a capstone to a bachelor's degree. Writing a thesis can be a daunting experience. Other than a dissertation, it is one of the longest pieces of writing students typically complete.
A dissertation is a lengthy, formal document that presents the research and findings of an individual as part of the requirements for a doctoral degree or, in some cases, a master's degree. It involves conducting original research on a specific topic, making a significant contribution to the existing body of knowledge. The.
Dissertation. Definition: Dissertation is a lengthy and detailed academic document that presents the results of original research on a specific topic or question. It is usually required as a final project for a doctoral degree or a master's degree. Dissertation Meaning in Research.
A dissertation is designed to be your own. Meaning that what you write about should be a new idea, a new topic, or question that is still unanswered in your field. Something that you will need to collect new data on, potentially interview people for and explore what information is already available. Generally, an idea will need to be approved ...
In American English, a dissertation is a research paper that's required to earn a doctorate degree, while a thesis is a research paper required to earn a master's degree. Dissertations and theses (the plural of thesis) are often mixed up because they're both lengthy research papers written for higher education, especially as part of a ...
A dissertation is a paper explaining the individual research that a student has conducted to earn a degree. It usually consists of several sections or chapters and follows the rules of formal academic writing. The degree candidate chooses the research topic. In the United States, a graduate student writes a dissertation to earn a doctorate degree.
When starting your thesis or dissertation process, one of the first requirements is a research proposal or a prospectus. It describes what or who you want to examine, delving into why, when, where, and how you will do so, stemming from your research question and a relevant topic. The proposal or prospectus stage is crucial for the development ...
Suggested Order For Writing: The easiest way to build a dissertation is inside-out. Begin by writing the chapters that describe your research (3, 4, and 5 in the above outline). Collect terms as they arise and keep a definition for each. Define each technical term, even if you use it in a conventional manner.
DISSERTATION meaning: 1. a long piece of writing on a particular subject, especially one that is done in order to receive…. Learn more.
The structure of a dissertation methodology can vary depending on your field of study, the nature of your research, and the guidelines of your institution. However, a standard structure typically includes the following elements: Introduction: Briefly introduce your overall approach to the research.
dissertation—that is,precursor of what is to come, with each element being more fully developed and explained fu. ther along in the book.For each key element, explain reason for inclusion, quality markers, and fr. OVERVIEWFRONT MATTERFollowing is a road map that briefly outlines the contents of. an enti.
dissertation (on something) a long piece of writing on a particular subject, especially one written for a university degree. He wrote his Master's dissertation on rats. Students can either do a dissertation or take part in a practical project.
A section that you will be required to include in your dissertation is a Definitions Section. You may wonder why you need to define terms that may seem simple or public knowledge to you, but the reality is that this section is actually of paramount importance because it:
dissertation: 1 n a treatise advancing a new point of view resulting from research; usually a requirement for an advanced academic degree Synonyms: thesis Type of: treatise a formal exposition
of your dissertation, so that the dissertation or thesis approval forms may be properly prepared to match your title page. • The table of contents and the lists of tables of figures do not match what is actually in text. You must make a systematic check of each of these pages against the text to be certain that titles and page numbers are ...
Thesis. Definition: Thesis is a scholarly document that presents a student's original research and findings on a particular topic or question. It is usually written as a requirement for a graduate degree program and is intended to demonstrate the student's mastery of the subject matter and their ability to conduct independent research.
References provide the information necessary for readers to identify and retrieve each work cited in the text. Consistency in reference formatting allows readers to focus on the content of your reference list, discerning both the types of works you consulted and the important reference elements with ease.