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A business plan for "Kopinoy"

The essence of coffee as a satisfying drink that most people are looking for, considering that Filipinos consume about 21,600,000 cups of coffee a day according to Nestlé’s consumer marketing division, drove the owners to start a new coffee shop business, “Kopinoy”. The name, “Kopinoy”, is a combination of the word ‘coffee’, the primary product of the business, and ‘Pinoy’, the mainstream term used in referring to Filipinos, will be a newly established coffee shop that will put up a new way of making coffee and will provide a different and enjoyable customer service experience.

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Ultimate Business Plan Guide in Creating a Winning Strategy 

Disclosure: Small Business Philippines strives to provide relevant and accurate information in all its articles. However, some information in our articles may differ or might be outdated from what you can see or read directly from the establishments’ or businesses’ websites. Please get in touch with us directly for any discrepancies.

A business plan is a strategic document that outlines your business idea, goals, target audience, competition, marketing strategies, financial projections, and operational plans. It serves as a comprehensive guide that not only helps you organize your thoughts but also convinces potential investors, partners, and stakeholders of your business’s viability.

2. Attracting Investors

3. decision-making, 4. resource allocation, 5. goal tracking, when to create a business plan, step 1: executive summary, step 2: company description, step 3: market analysis, step 4: products and services, step 5: marketing and sales strategies, step 6: organization and management, step 7: financial projections, step 8: funding request, step 9: operational plan, step 10: appendices, 1. research thoroughly, 2. be realistic, 3. know your audience, 4. update regularly, 5. be concise, key takeaways, why is a business plan essential.

A well-crafted business plan offers numerous benefits:

It helps you clearly define your business goals and the strategies to achieve them, providing you with a focused direction.

Investors are more likely to support a business with a solid plan, showcasing your commitment and potential returns.

A business plan helps you make informed decisions by analyzing potential risks and rewards.

Efficiently allocate your resources – both financial and human – to achieve your business objectives.

Measure your progress against the initial goals and make necessary adjustments for success.

The ideal time to create a business plan is before you launch your venture . However, it’s never too late to create or update your plan, especially when you’re looking to expand, secure funding, or navigate significant changes in your business.

Where to Begin: Step-by-Step Guide to Crafting Your Business Plan

Summarize your business idea , goals, target market, competition, and financial projections briefly. This section provides a snapshot of your entire plan.

Describe your company’s mission, vision, values, and unique value proposition that sets you apart in the market.

Research your target market, industry trends, and competition. Understand your customers’ needs, preferences, and behaviors.

Detail your offerings, explaining how they fulfill your customers’ needs. Highlight their features, benefits, and competitive advantages.

Outline how you’ll promote your products/services, attract customers, and convert leads into sales. Discuss pricing, distribution, and promotional tactics.

Introduce your team and their roles, highlighting their expertise and contributions to the business’s success .

Present detailed financial forecasts, including income statements, cash flow projections, and balance sheets. Be realistic and supported by thorough market research.

If you’re seeking funding, clearly state how much you need, how you’ll use the funds, and the potential returns for investors.

Describe your day-to-day operations, production process, and supply chain management. Address any potential operational challenges and how you’ll overcome them.

Include additional information such as market research data, legal documents, patents, licenses, and any other relevant materials.

Tips for Creating an Effective Business Plan

Ensure your plan is backed by solid market research and accurate data.

Set achievable goals and projections. Overly optimistic forecasts can damage your credibility.

Tailor your plan to your target audience, whether it’s investors, lenders, or partners.

Your business environment evolves. Regularly review and update your plan to stay relevant.

While thoroughness is important, avoid unnecessary jargon and keep your plan concise and easy to understand.

Crafting a business plan is an essential step in launching or growing a business in the dynamic Philippines market of 2023. A well-structured plan offers clarity, attracts investors, aids decision-making, guides resource allocation, and helps you track goals. By following our step-by-step guide and incorporating expert tips, you’re setting your business on a path toward success. Remember, a well-prepared business plan is the key to turning your entrepreneurial dreams into reality.

Ready to embark on your business journey? Start creating your comprehensive business plan today to build a successful and sustainable venture in the thriving Philippines market. Your roadmap to success begins with a well-crafted business plan .

Your Definitive Guide to Business Financing in the Philippines

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Learn more about Business Plan in Philippines

Using a business plan in the Philippines is crucial for several reasons. Firstly, a business plan serves as a roadmap that outlines the goals, strategies, and financial projections for a business venture. It helps to clarify the direction and vision of the business, ensuring that all stakeholders are aligned. Additionally, a well-developed business plan is often required when seeking financing from banks, investors, or government institutions. It demonstrates the feasibility and potential profitability of the business, increasing the chances of obtaining funding. Themis Partner helps you draft the best business plan for your company while being fully compliant with Philippines Laws.

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Table of contents, what is a business plan, when do you use business plan for your business, why is a business plan important for success, what does a business plan include in the philippines, how to make a business plan for the philippine market, what are the tips for writing a business plan for startups, how important is market research in developing a business plan, how to incorporate financial projections into my business plan.

A business plan is a comprehensive document that outlines the goals, strategies, and financial projections of a business. It serves as a roadmap for entrepreneurs, providing a clear vision of their business idea and how they plan to achieve success. A well-crafted business strategy roadmap includes sections such as an executive summary, company description, market analysis, marketing strategies, organizational structure, financial projections, and more. It helps entrepreneurs articulate their business concept, understand their target market, identify potential challenges, and plan for growth and sustainability.

Business plans are typically used in various scenarios throughout the lifecycle of a business. They are essential when starting a new venture as they provide a blueprint for success, helping entrepreneurs secure funding from investors or financial institutions. A business plan is also beneficial when seeking partners or collaborators, as it outlines the business’s potential and growth prospects. Moreover, established businesses can use these strategic roadmaps to strategize for expansion, diversification, or entering new markets. Additionally, a strategic roadmap can be periodically reviewed and updated to assess progress, make necessary adjustments, and attract new investors or stakeholders.

A comprehensive business plan is vital for success in the Philippines due to several reasons. Firstly, it helps entrepreneurs gain a deep understanding of the local market dynamics, consumer behavior, and competition. The Philippine market is diverse and rapidly evolving, making market knowledge crucial for business sustainability. A well-researched business strategic roadmap allows entrepreneurs to identify and capitalize on market opportunities, mitigate risks, and make informed decisions. The business strategic roadmap is essential for attracting investors in the Philippines. Investors often require a thorough strategic roadmap to assess the viability and potential of a venture. A comprehensive plan demonstrates professionalism, preparedness, and a strategic approach to business development. It provides investors with the necessary information to evaluate the financial projections, growth prospects, and return on investment. A strategic roadmap serves as a roadmap for entrepreneurs, outlining their goals, strategies, and milestones. It helps in aligning the efforts of the entire organization and provides a basis for decision-making. A well-structured plan enhances operational efficiency, resource allocation, and risk management, ultimately contributing to the overall success of the business in the dynamic Philippine market.

By incorporating these key elements into your business plan, you can create a comprehensive and tailored document that addresses the specific needs of ventures in the Philippines. This ensures that your document aligns with the local market dynamics, consumer preferences, and regulatory environment, increasing the chances of success.

1. Executive Summary: This section provides a concise overview of the business, its mission, vision, unique selling proposition, and key highlights.

2. Company Description: Describe the nature of the business, its legal structure, products or services offered, and the target market in the Philippines.

3. Market Analysis: Conduct a thorough analysis of the Philippine market, including market size, growth trends, customer demographics, and competitive landscape.

4. Marketing and Sales Strategies: Outline your marketing and sales approach, including pricing strategies, distribution channels, promotional activities, and customer acquisition plans.

5. Organizational Structure: Define the organizational structure of your business, including key management personnel, their roles, and responsibilities.

6. Product or Service Offering: Provide detailed information about your products or services, including their unique features, benefits, and competitive advantages in the Philippine market.

7. Financial Projections: Include financial statements, such as income statements, balance sheets, and cash flow projections, to showcase the financial feasibility and profitability of the venture.

8. Risk Assessment and Mitigation: Identify potential risks and challenges that may impact your business in the Philippine market and outline strategies to mitigate them.

9. Implementation Plan: Outline the steps and timelines for executing your document, including key milestones and resource requirements.

Step 1. Executive Summary

Provide an overview of your business idea, including your goals, target market, and unique value proposition for the Philippine market.

Step 2. Market Analysis

Conduct comprehensive research on the Philippine market, including customer demographics, buying behaviors, cultural nuances, and trends. Identify market gaps, competition, and potential opportunities specific to the Philippines.

Step 3. Business Concept and Value Proposition

Clearly articulate your business concept and how it addresses the needs of the Philippine market. Highlight your unique value proposition and how it differentiates you from competitors.

Step 4. Marketing and Sales Strategy

Outline your marketing and sales strategies tailored to the Philippine market. Define your target customers, pricing strategy, distribution channels, and promotional activities. Consider leveraging digital marketing platforms, local partnerships, and culturally relevant marketing approaches.

Step 5. Operational Plan

Detail the operational aspects of your business, including location, facilities, equipment, and production processes. Consider local regulations, permits, and licensing requirements that Philippines Laws may apply.

Step 6. Organization and Management

This document may indicate stability for your firm by demonstrating that you have planned ahead of time so that any issue can be resolved easily and quickly. This is very crucial for banks and other creditors who may be interested in investing in your firm.

Step 7. Product or Service Offering

Provide a comprehensive description of your products or services and how they meet the needs of the Philippine market. Highlight any customization or localization efforts specific to the local preferences and cultural context.

Step 8. Financial Projections

Develop realistic financial projections, including sales forecasts, expense estimates, and projected profitability. Consider local market conditions, pricing dynamics, and costs specific to the Philippine market.

Step 9. Risk Assessment and Mitigation

Identify potential risks and challenges that your business may face in the Philippine market. Develop strategies to mitigate these risks, such as contingency plans, partnerships, or diversification strategies.

Step 10. Implementation Plan

Create a step-by-step action plan outlining the tasks, timelines, and responsibilities for launching and operating your business in the Philippine market. Include milestones and measurable goals to track your progress.

ℹ️ Themis Partners legal experts also help you in your company registration so it helps you select the right type of company and ensure a full compliance to the Philippine Laws.

Writing an effective business plan for startups in the Philippines requires a focused and strategic approach. Begin by clearly articulating your business concept, value proposition, and target market, emphasizing what sets you apart from local competitors. Conduct thorough market research to understand customer needs and preferences, and tailor your products or services accordingly. Outline your marketing and sales strategies, incorporating digital marketing techniques and innovative promotional campaigns to reach and attract your target customers. Showcase your understanding of the local competitive landscape and explain how your startup will gain a competitive edge. Present a comprehensive financial plan with realistic revenue projections, expense forecasts, and a clear path to profitability. Highlight the qualifications and experience of your team, demonstrating their commitment to the success of the startup. By following these tips, you can create a compelling strategic roadmap that resonates with potential investors and stakeholders in the Philippines.

Market research and analysis play a critical role in developing a business plan for the Philippine market. It provides valuable insights into customer preferences, market trends, competition, and industry dynamics. Here’s why market research is important:

By incorporating comprehensive market research and analysis into your business plan, you demonstrate a thorough understanding of the Philippine market. This increases the credibility of your plan, enhances its strategic relevance, and positions your business for success in the dynamic and competitive Philippine market.

Financial projections and forecasting play a vital role in a business plan for ventures in the Philippines, providing a clear understanding of the financial feasibility and profitability of your business. To incorporate financial projections into your plan, develop realistic revenue projections based on market research and sales estimates. Estimate expenses comprehensively, considering operational costs, marketing expenses, and other relevant expenditures. Create a cash flow projection to track cash inflows and outflows, and conduct a break-even analysis to determine the point of profitability. Determine your financing needs and outline plans for raising capital, while considering sensitivity analysis to assess potential market fluctuations. By including comprehensive financial projections in your strategic roadmap, you demonstrate financial acumen, attract potential investors, and provide a strong foundation for decision-making and resource allocation in the Philippines.

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How To Start a Business in the Philippines: The Complete 15-Step Guide

Here’s the cold harsh truth about employment:

It’s a rat race and even if you win it, you still end up a rat.

A rat with no control over his schedule, income, and projects to work on.

I’m not saying everyone should leave their jobs en masse. Some people consider their jobs as a vocation and can’t imagine doing anything else.

But for others who are yearning for more freedom and feel stuck at their current jobs, there’s a great alternative–entrepreneurship.

The best part is you don’t have to start big. Even with a small capital, you can open a business in the Philippines and make it profitable through smart planning. This article will teach you exactly how.

How To Start a Small Business in the Philippines With Small Capital: A Step-by-Step Guide

Great things start from small beginnings.

When they started their businesses around WWII, Max’s Restaurant and National Bookstore were deprived of advantages. But with sheer persistence and great strategies, they eventually became household names.

The same is true for almost all the famous brands we recognize today.

Therefore, whether you want to supplement your current income or become your own boss someday, the only way to go big is to start with a small business.

Small business or small-scale enterprise is one that hires few employees and has a relatively smaller asset size.

In order for a small business to qualify for government assistance and incentives, it should have capital assets amounting from Php 3 million to Php 15 million and with employees numbering from 10 to 99 workers 1 . Anything below these levels is classified as microenterprise while businesses that exceed them are known as medium- to large-scale enterprises.

However, the consensus today is that micro, small, and medium enterprises all fall under the general term “small business”.

By starting a small business in the Philippines, you as the owner will pretty much wear several hats–from marketing and finance to production and management.

Hence, it’s crucial to arm yourself with knowledge about all these fields especially at the beginning when you still don’t have the means to hire specialists.

This article will teach you how to start a business in the Philippines with a small capital, no business experience, and little or no college education.

Let’s get the ball rolling.

Step 1: Know your “Why.”

Holocaust survivor Victor Frankl wrote in his book that “those who have a ‘why’ to live can bear with almost any ‘how'” .

Starting a business may not be as tragic as a Holocaust but it is certainly not a walk in the park either.

On one side, owning a business gives you unlimited opportunities to earn money , be your own boss, explore your creativity, help others, and build a legacy.

But there’s another side to the entrepreneurial coin: the risk of failure.

In addition to that, starting a business in the Philippines where unpredictability abounds will push you to go beyond your comfort zone. Success won’t come easily. Long hours of work, missed family times, and sleepless nights will hound you especially during the early stages.

And did I mention you’ll be juggling a lot of hats so you’ll be responsible not just for the welfare of your family but also for the livelihood of your own employees?

So, before taking the plunge, test the water first.

If you only want extra income , don’t resign from your job and look for a part-time job instead. But if you want complete control of your destiny, then it’s time to plan your exit. It doesn’t matter if you take baby steps; what’s important is you carefully weigh the risks and rewards and then make a decision based on your own judgment.

If you get discouraged, look at yourself in the mirror and ask the big “Why?”

As long as you know your purpose for starting a business, you can weather any challenges that life may throw at you.

Step 2: Understand What It Takes To Succeed in Entrepreneurship

You don’t need an MBA to start a profitable business in the Philippines.

However, life-long learning is at the core of successful entrepreneurship. You learn best from your own failures and the mistakes of those who came before you.

Another way to hone your knowledge is to take free or paid training courses designed for beginners. For example, the Philippine Trade Training Center (PTTC) and the U.P. Institute for Small-Scale Industries offer “start your own business” programs that will teach you basic principles of running a business.

We also recommend the following training centers/courses:

• Businessmaker Academy (1503A West Tower, Philippine Stock Exchange Building, Exchange Road, Ortigas Center, Pasig City).
• TESDA Online Entrepreneurship Training Program .
• Ultima EntrePinoy Center for meat processing, baking, and other food business courses (Nutrition Foundation of the Philippines Building, 107 E. Rodriguez Sr. Ave., Quezon City).
• Department of Trade and Industry Negosyo Center – Seminars and Workshops .

Entrepreneurial success takes more than just technical knowledge. Your business can only grow to the extent that you do . Hence, it’s important to also invest in personal development if you want your small enterprise to prosper.

According to Management Systems International 2 , there are attributes common among successful entrepreneurs that led them to the success they have today. These characteristics can be grouped into three clusters–Achievement, Planning, and Power.

Achievement cluster

• Opportunity-seeking – the ability to see opportunities and seize them as they come. For example, when people from your hometown are craving for donuts and there’s no single donut store that has been put up yet, will you be quick to act on this opportunity? An opportunity-seeking business person certainly would.
• Persistence – a trait that will allow you to stick to your vision even in the face of criticisms and failures.
• Commitment to contract – which means getting the job done on time and honoring your promises without any excuses.
• Risk-taking – or more specifically, taking calculated risks to minimize potential losses. A good business person doesn’t just invest in any venture without carefully studying the market and identifying flaws in the business model.
• Demand for quality and efficiency – a characteristic of great entrepreneurs who uphold excellence in everything they do and don’t just settle in a “puwede na ‘yan” attitude.

Planning cluster

• Goal-setting – a skill that enables you to clearly define your goals and withstand the pressures and struggles of today in the name of achieving these goals.
• Information-seeking – a quality you need in order to come up with informed decisions and calculated risks. When the future of your business is at stake, you gather only the best information from all the best sources–suppliers, experts, competitors, banks, and even government agencies.
• Systematic planning and monitoring – while planning gives you the opportunity to choose the right supplies, manpower, and materials to achieve your goals, monitoring allows you to fine-tune your plan to bring you closer to achieving your goals.

Power cluster

• Persuasion and networking – if you know how to leverage the power of persuasion, you can literally make everything you want to go in your favor: from persuading the bank to give you a loan to convincing your buyers that your product is worth a try.
• Self-confidence – if you don’t believe in yourself and your ideas, then no one else will. You can’t succeed in any undertaking if you have a deflated ego. Believe in your dreams and everything else will follow.

Step 3: Come Up With a Business Idea

Every successful business starts with one idea.

The problem, however, is many people think that a million-peso idea only shows up in a select few; it’s either you have it or you don’t.

While it’s true that some successful entrepreneurs got their ideas by accident, they are exceptions rather than the rule. For most of us, a winning business idea won’t magically fall into our laps so we have to look for it ourselves.

To start generating a list of business ideas, ask yourself the following questions:

What are the things you’re interested in?

Running a business can be tedious in the long run so you might as well choose a business that is in line with your interests.

Don’t worry if the idea has already been taken. Your goal, after all, is not to be original but to explore an already existing idea you’re interested in, turn it on its head, and make it better than what’s already out there.

Instead of trying too hard to be original, find ways to dominate an already existing market by offering better, cheaper, or faster products or solutions.

Do you have pain points in your life or problems that bother you that you wish could be solved?

Famous entrepreneur and Internet personality Gary Vaynerchuk believes that the best way to find the next great business idea is to stop looking 3 .

Instead, go through the daily grind of life with an open mind so that you can zero in on things that bother you when you encounter them. Chances are, you’re not the only one experiencing the same problem so if you figure out how to fix it, then you have a potential business idea.

The key here is to always have a problem-first approach; after all, the world doesn’t need more products but more solutions to their everyday problems .

What are your core skills or the skills you’ve developed?

You’re more likely to succeed in a business if you have the experience, knowledge, and skills that it demands.

Look back at your employment history and note the skills you’ve developed over the years that you’re both naturally good at and you enjoy doing. These can provide clues on what kind of business to pursue.

And we’re not just talking about skills that you’ve developed in your previous jobs; those that you’ve learned outside work are equally important and perhaps more reliable in helping you figure out what business to try. Since you enjoy doing them without any incentive to motivate you, then you can potentially turn it into a business you’ll never get bored doing.

What businesses are currently booming/trending?

First of all, there’s a difference between a business fad and a business trend. Whereas a business fad enjoys initial hype but proves to be short-lived, a business trend lasts longer as the consumers don’t easily lose interest in the product/service.

Apparently, your focus should be on the trending businesses because more people doing it means the idea is very profitable. In the Philippines, trending business ideas fall in any of these three categories: Food, online, or service.

Food businesses either focus on food manufacturing (i.e., creating your own products from scratch like what Eng Bee Tin did and other big names with humble beginnings in their founders’ own kitchens) or food trading which involves selling ready-made or frozen products like siomai, shawarma, etc.

Online home-based businesses are mostly done by professionals who sell their services instead of tangible products. These include virtual assistants, freelance writers, social media managers, bloggers, bookkeepers, graphic artists, and many more.

Last on the list are businesses in the service industry that are now thriving as more and more people become busier. Some of the best examples are laundry businesses , transportation/delivery services, pet grooming businesses, photography businesses, and wedding and events coordination businesses, among others.

In addition to asking yourself the above questions, you can further increase the number of business ideas you generate by reading this article: 100+ Best Small Business Ideas in the Philippine with High Profit.

Step 4: Conduct Market Research

Starting a business without doing market research is akin to entering an unfamiliar territory without any map to guide you.

But what exactly can you achieve with market research? The answer is knowledge. A wealth of information and insights about who and where your customers and buyers are; when they’re most likely to buy or use your product/service; who your competitors are; and how big is the potential market demand for the product/service you’re currently developing.

In other words, everything that can help your business start off on the right foot.

This step has three components:

• Market segmentation;
• Market research;
• Competitor analysis.

To begin your research, you have to know first that your business doesn’t necessarily need to appeal to everyone . It’s easier to focus on one segment of the market first and then expand later on.

In order to find this target market, you need to divide the general market into smaller subgroups. Also known as market segmentation, this process involves grouping the market according to location, demographics, behavior, or other variables that make sense for your business.

Let’s say you’re planning to develop and sell a mobile phone. You can find your market either at shopping malls or online shopping sites where mobile phones are being sold.

Through market segmentation, you can divide this market into different groups according to their motivations in buying a mobile phone. There are the housewives who only need phones with the most basic features since they’re only using them to call their loved ones; the students who look for phones with cameras and other features that will help them with their studies; the yuppies who prefer phones with a flashy look and more features to meet their professional needs; and so on and so forth.

Another example would be a business that will manufacture its own soap. There’s a huge market for soap but what type of soap exactly?

With the use of market segmentation, you’ll be able to identify different segments of the market with varying demands for a specific type of soap. There are the buyers who want to achieve whiter skin; people with sensitive skin who want to get rid of their pimples; people who just want a skin-friendly moisturizing soap; those who want scented soaps; people who prefer herbal soaps; etc.

After segmenting the market, it will be easier for you to figure out which specific group or type of buyers will be the target of your marketing efforts.

Once you’ve identified your target market, it’s time to put it under the microscope and get to know your prospective customers a little bit better.

This is when the market research comes into the picture. You employ tools and techniques to reach out to your target market and discover what makes them tick.

And if the sound of “market research” intimidates you, don’t worry. Although big companies require an equally big budget to recruit a huge number of respondents for their market research, small entrepreneurs can also gain access to a wealth of valuable information about their target markets without breaking the bank.

The following are the most common techniques you can use to conduct low-cost market research:

1. Survey – is the old-school way of collecting data from a sample group that is assumed to be the representative of the whole. You can use this method to learn what people think about the products currently available in the market and how you can create a better one in terms of quality and price.

Just make sure the survey participants are neither your friends nor relatives because of the biased opinions they tend to provide.

The questions in the survey should explore the factors the respondents consider when buying; what they like or dislike about the current products in the market; the kind of improvements they would like to see; and the price of the product that is reasonable for them.

2. Observation – is probably the crudest form of market research but one that remains effective nonetheless.

It can be in the form of contextual observation where the entrepreneur pays close attention to a sample of the target market as they use or experience a certain product or service. Other entrepreneurs take matters into their own hands and do a mock journey where they put themselves in the consumers’ shoes by buying and using the product/service themselves.

3. Prototyping – known in layman’s terms as simply “taste test” or “sampling”, this method allows the entrepreneurs to put their minimum viable product (or the early version of their product, warts and all) out there and use the customers’ feedback to further improve the said product as they go along.

Market research is a critical part of your initial entrepreneurial journey as it will help you realize whether there’s a demand for your product or not and if there is, who is most likely to buy it, how many they are, where they’re located, and how you can promote your business to them.

It will also identify both your direct (i.e., businesses selling the same product/service) and indirect competitors (i.e., businesses selling different products/services but are in the same category as you).

Speaking of competitors, the competitor analysis is just as, if not more, important than the market research itself.

Not finding time to learn more about your competitors, what they offer, and how much they cost will put your business on the losing end. This is because competitive analysis helps you discover ways to give your business a competitive advantage which will effectively prevent your target market from choosing others over yours.

Aside from collecting and analyzing available data about your competition, you can also go the extra mile and buy your competitor’s products to test them yourself. This way, you can once again put yourself in the customer’s shoes and gain ideas on how you can improve their experience through a product that only your business can provide.

Step 5: Decide Who Will Run the Business

Most starting entrepreneurs build their businesses on their own as a single proprietorship. However, entrepreneurship can be a lonely endeavor so there’s nothing wrong with starting a business with a partner or a group of people.

The following are the different types of business according to ownership and the pros and cons of each to help you decide which path to take:

• Single proprietorship – is the most basic type of business wherein you basically run the whole show. While it’s easier to set up and you’re free from outside interference, this type of business is also the most demanding and puts you at high risk for burnout. The growth of your company is also limited by your financial means.
• Partnership – a business owned by at least two parties, this is also relatively easier to set up than a corporation and has the advantage of having the check and balance maintained by the co-owners. Businesses under a partnership tend to grow faster than sole proprietorship since there is more than one investor. However, more owners mean more chances of having a conflict.
• Corporation – is a business run by at least five people. Like a partnership, a corporation can also grow faster because of the number of shareholders and is also highly flexible because all the owners can share the responsibilities. The downside is corporations are taxed more than sole proprietors, more difficult to set up, and have a tendency to institutionalize a bureaucracy.

To help you further in deciding which type of business structure to pursue, I recommend reading this section in our business registration guide . It contains crucial information on how to choose the right business structure based on your intention, risk appetite, capacity to raise capital, and other factors.

Step 6: Write a Business Plan

Ever heard of the saying “if you’re failing to plan, you’re planning to fail?” Nothing can prove this better than starting a business where your own (or your investors’) hard-earned money is on the line.

This is why writing a business plan is crucial regardless of the size of the business you’re planning to start.

A business plan is a document that will show how your business will evolve from start to finish . It offers a closer look into your business model and helps identify any loopholes in its profitability, thereby giving you a clearer picture of whether the business is worth pursuing or not.

Specifically, a business plan will help you accomplish the following:

• Prevent or eliminate the risk of losing money invested in businesses that are proven to be lacking in demand.
• Reduce total expenses that would not have been possible without a business plan to help you examine details that are easily overlooked. Remember, every peso counts when you’re starting a business in the Philippines so you don’t want it to be wasted on something not essential.
• Establish a healthy cash flow for your business especially during the lean and peak months. Cash is king when it comes to running a business for without it you’ll always be on the verge of bankruptcy . Through a business plan, you can create a contingency plan to make sure your business will stay afloat when the demand slows down and will be prepared enough to handle increased demands during peak seasons.
• Set goals in terms of the total number of sales, revenues, or expenses and measure the actual performance of your business against these set goals.
• Convince investors or lending institutions to lend you money to start your business. No sane person will easily hand you the capital for your business unless you can provide a well-thought-out business plan containing details on how the business will work and earn back the initial investment.

If you truly know your business inside out, it’s not that hard to write your own business plan. The more complicated and larger the business, the more pages the business plan would require.

Should you need assistance in writing a business plan, you may approach the following people/institutions:

• SME Counselors from the Department of Trade and Industry (DTI);
• Freelance consultants who charge lower fees than consulting firms because they don’t deal with big overhead expenses;
• Accountants/bookkeepers;
• Business professors;
• Extension offices of business schools like Baguio’s St. Louis University Extension Institute for Small-Scale Industries.

As for the content of the business plan, it must depend on what kind of enterprise you’re planning to start. No two businesses are alike so the business plan should be written according to the uniqueness and conditions of your business.

In general, however, the following sections are considered basic components of a good business plan:

• Title page – contains the name of your business and other basic details of your enterprise.
• Executive Summary – provides an overview of what the company or business idea is all about, the problem the business is going to solve, the solution your business will provide, and how it will fit into the marketplace. This section will give investors an idea of whether to invest or not so make sure to leave a great first impression.
• Business description – explains the type of business you’re planning to start, the industry it belongs to, and what it will look like in the future.
• Market strategies – describe how big the market you’re trying to penetrate, who your target market is, and how you plan to sell to this market.
• Competitive analysis – explores who your competitors are, their strengths and weaknesses, and how your business stack up against them. Essentially, this section shows what makes your business different from everybody and how you’re going to use this to beat your competitors.
• Design and development plan – determines what exactly is your product or service and how you will develop it over the short term, medium-term, and long term.
• Operations and management plan – describes how a day in your business will look like.
• Financial plan – discusses in detail where the money to fund your business will come from and whether it will be self-funded or financed by outside investors. It also covers the projections you should create and what factors you should take into consideration; how much financing you need to start the business; how long it will take to pay back the investments (ROI); how will the ownership be divided, if applicable; and your backup plans in case profits or the demand for your business dries up.

When writing your business plan, keep in mind that nothing is final. It’s a living, breathing document that you can update every now and then as your business evolves.

Step 7: Build Your Product/Service

Now that you have a business plan, you can start developing your minimum viable product. This is the earliest version of your product that you’ll introduce to your target buyers. You’ll then use their feedback in order to improve the product prior to mass production.

Even if you’re a perfectionist, it’s virtually impossible to create the perfect product or service right off the bat. So instead of succumbing to analysis paralysis, just release the first batch of your product into the wild and let the feedback dictate what changes you need to make.

Whether you’re planning to sell handicrafts, homemade cakes, or something more complicated, there are important aspects of product development you just can’t afford to take for granted. These are the following:

1. Process . Review the different steps that it will take to create your product. Are all of these steps necessary or can you remove some of them to save on costs without sacrificing product quality? What are tools and equipment will you need and how many skilled workers are needed to operate them?

2. Machines and equipment . Determine the things you’ll need to create your product, how much they are, and where are the best places that offer quality products at a minimal cost.

There are also some considerations to make depending on what type of business you’re going to start. Whereas a simple crafts business may only require hand tools and inexpensive machines, an Internet café will require specific computers with features that are completely different from those intended for personal use.

3. Materials . Know where and how you’ll get the materials you need as they will determine the pricing and eventually the profitability of the finished product.

For example, if your supplier is far from your business plant or location, and the transport facilities in the said place are limited, it will not only result in production delays but also additional manufacturing costs that will then jack up the price of the product.

However, it doesn’t mean you should just settle for the cheapest materials. Remember, don’t make a final decision based on price alone 4 as the reputation of your business is on the line.

To find the best deal, you can search online, get industry recommendations, or attend trade shows, among others.

4. Design . The product and the packaging must be able to get someone’s attention within the first few seconds of him/her glancing at them. The packaging should have a clean design, legible text, and clear branding that people recognize even from several feet away.

5. Pricing . Determine a reasonable price for your product/service by factoring in all the overhead costs. Make sure you have a good profit margin otherwise you may need to reduce the manufacturing costs (instead of increasing the product’s price) in order come up with a price that doesn’t turn off buyers.

The price of the product is also determined by the marketplace; if similar products are within a certain price range, then your product’s price should not veer off too much away from it if you want to capture the same market.

6. Trademark filing . Protect your business from copycats through trademark registration. You can either do it by yourself via the Intellectual Property Office of the Philippines (IPOPHL) website or hire a trademark lawyer to handle all the paperwork on your behalf.

Step 8: Get Feedback for Your Product

In the process of developing our product, we tend to be blinded by our own awesomeness that we forget what actually matters to those who will buy it. This is when feedback becomes very valuable.

Even if you’re only selling a humble kakanin , customer feedback will spell the difference between a profitable business and one that won’t earn repeat buyers.

Your aim is to get honest feedback from actual buyers (a.k.a strangers and not your close friends/relatives) so it won’t hurt if you offer free or discounted products in the beginning.

If you’re selling clothing items, on the other hand, you can sell beta versions of your products in small batches at first and let the customers order through your social media or website. These first few buyers can get your products at a discounted price in exchange for their feedback on the fabric, color, fit, comfort, and other areas of improvement of your product. Done right, these early adopters may turn out to be your first few brand advocates later on.

Through the strategy discussed above, you can get the product to your prospective customers’ hands faster instead of aiming for perfection that can never be attained, especially sans buyer feedback.

This principle, also known as Lean Startup 5 , can be applied to most businesses but most especially to startups that can’t afford to have a long incubation period for their products. Instead of being held back by perfectionism, they push out the early version of their products to the market in order to get that coveted feedback that will then propel those products into a series of improvements.

When collecting feedback from your prospective customers/buyers, remember these tips:

• Be thankful for the feedback regardless is it’s a positive or a negative one. This gesture will not only earn you their respect but also encourage them to continue providing honest opinions which you need the most.
• Dig a little bit deeper to learn what the negative feedback is all about. If someone doesn’t like your product, he or she is most likely referring to one aspect of the product and not its entirety. Ask questions to figure out whether to improve a specific flaw or just scrap the whole idea altogether.
• Look for patterns or the same comments given over and over again. Your customers know what’s best for them so if they’re specifically pointing out the same complaints, then address them as soon as you can before mass-producing your products.

Step 9: Look for Funding

Regardless of the size of your enterprise, you need money to get it started.

If you’re only selling home-cooked meals or desserts, you probably don’t need as much capital and you can start with whatever money is left in your savings account. No need to borrow money since you can get all or a portion of your profit and then reinvest it into your fledgling home-based business.

The same can’t be said for startups or huge businesses like restaurants that require large upfront capital. Aside from your personal savings, you may also need to go through several rounds of investing in order to get the business off the ground.

Here’s a list of different financing options in the Philippines you may consider to raise funds for your budding business:

1. Your own money. Using your life savings or proceeds from the sale of your personal assets is the safest way to finance your business. Since the money will come out of your pocket, you’ll be more in control of your destiny and retain 100% of your equity.

2. Friends and family. If your own money isn’t enough to raise the needed capital, you may also turn to your well-off friends and relatives with enough cash reserves. The advantage of borrowing from them is you’ll get relatively lower interest rates and more flexible payment terms compared to bank loans.

However, if you still fail to raise the needed funds after exhausting your own savings and borrowing money from friends and/or relatives, then it’s time to consider outside sources.

3. Government financing programs . The Philippine government is aware that small businesses are the backbone of the economy so they have established loan/credit programs to support our entrepreneurs.

Financial assistance is offered by different government agencies which include, but are not limited to, the following:

• Department of Science and Technology (DOST) and the Technology Resource Center which offer financing program for small businesses that are technology-related;
• Department of Agriculture ‘s Agri-Microfinance Program or AMP which is designed to provide financial relief to farmers and fishermen (and their families) in drought- or calamity-stricken areas;
• Department of Social Welfare and Development ‘s Sustainable Livelihood Program or SLP which seeks to improve the welfare and development of marginalized families through livelihood strategies.

For a comprehensive list of banks and government offices that offer financing programs for micro, small, and medium enterprises, you can check out the free ebook 6 published by the Bureau of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprise Development (BMSMED) in collaboration with DTI.

The Philippine government-owned LandBank of the Philippines also offers lending programs 7 for those who are involved in the agricultural industry. These are the following:

• Cacao 100 (Credit Assistance for Cacao Agri-Business and other Organizations) – offers loan assistance to farmers and entrepreneurs with the main goal of catalyzing the growth of cacao output in the Philippines. This is a good choice if you’re looking to fund your cacao nursery, cacao plantation, and all the processes involved in cacao beans processing.
• Agricultural Credit Support Project (ACSP) – suitable for agri-businesses needing additional funding to support increased production or business expansion. This is ideal for entrepreneurs who are seeking financing for their fisheries, farm equipment, agriculture-related services, and agricultural product distribution.
• KAWAYAN ( Kalikasang Kabuhayan para sa Wastong Pamayanan ) – this program provides financial assistance for farmers, LGUs, and entrepreneurs who have businesses involving bamboo nursery, bamboo plantation, trading, and eco-tourism.
• ISDA (Integrated Support for the Development of Aquaculture) – is a program established to help small fishers as well as small and medium enterprises.

For more information about LandBank’s lending programs, you may contact their customer care center at (02) 405-7000, visit the nearest LandBank Lending Center, or send an email to [email protected]

4. Angel investors or Venture Capital investors . Another alternative source of funding is individuals or groups of individuals who already have the intent to invest.

Angel investors are established and wealthy individuals who use their personal money to invest in their chosen startups. The Angel Investment Network is a great online platform that enables you to find individual investors in the Philippines who can relate to the vision of your company.

Venture capital firms like Kickstart Ventures , on the other hand, is composed of a group of professional investors that pool together all the money coming from individuals, corporations, foundations, and pension funds and then invest them to startups of their choice, the majority of which are businesses dealing with technology and science.

5. Startup incubator or accelerator . The thriving local ecosystem has prompted the launch of several startup incubators and accelerators, most notable of which are the IdeaSpace Foundation, Launchgarage Inc., and QBO Innovation Hub, among others 8 .

The goal of these companies is to provide support to startups (mostly technology or fintech companies) in the form of office facilities, consulting, pitch events and equity-free seed funding that will help get their enterprises off the ground.

6. Banks . There are SME-friendly banks that lend money to entrepreneurs despite the risks associated with small businesses. Just make sure you comply with their requirements and show enough proof (including a business plan) that you have a clear vision for the business you’re going to start.

Examples of local banks known for supporting small businesses include the government-owned LandBank of the Philippines, the Development Bank of the Philippines, Metropolitan Bank and Trust Company, and the Planters Development Bank.

Related: Best Banks in the Philippines

7. Pitching competitions . Early-stage businesses can also get funding by joining televised pitching competitions like The Final Pitch and the upcoming reality show “Project GO” 9 sponsored by GoDaddy Inc. and to be aired on AXN.

These reality shows will require qualified contestants to pitch their business ideas in front of a panel of esteemed Filipino business experts and investors (think Shark Tank ). Since they’re joining a reality show, investment decisions will not be made unless the entrepreneurs go through a series of entertaining challenges first.

Prizes for winning contestants may be in the form of funding in exchange for partial ownership of their businesses or equity-free funding to help jump-start their ventures.

8. Other sources of financing . Small business owners can also consider the following when seeking credit assistance:

• Pawnshops – the ideal choice if you’re only looking for quick cash. You can get the money you need by pawing your jewelry, gadget, or other valuables and then pay back the amount along with incurred interest.
• Credit cooperatives – popular especially in rural areas, the credit coop can lend you an amount up to five times bigger than what you initially deposited when you joined. Unlike banks, credit coops charge a significantly lower interest rate for your loan.
• Lending investors – a cross between banks and money lenders, these companies offer short-term loans to small enterprises with interest rates of usually 3% to 5% a month–higher than those offered by banks but lower than those charged by money lenders.

Step 10: Formulate Marketing Strategies

In a nutshell, marketing strategies refer to how you’re going to convince or influence your target market to buy your product or services.

Your marketing strategies can be summarized into four key components. Let’s go over them one by one.

1. Product strategies – revolve around the product itself and how it will be perceived by your target market. It starts with good branding which is the design, reputation, name, logo, or a combination of these that make your product or service different from other similar products/services in the market. Consistent branding must also be present in the product’s packaging and labeling.

However, an excellent product can only go so far; you also need to invest in product support which is a catch-all term for all warranty, delivery, installation, and other services that come with the purchase of the product.

2. Place strategies – focus on how you want to bring your product or services to your target market. Depending on your business, you can use traditional or modern distribution channels (or even both).

Traditional distribution channels exist in the form of kiosks and brick-and-mortar stores where face-to-face interaction between the buyer and seller can cultivate a long-term buying relationship. New distribution channels, meanwhile, are those that don’t necessarily require an in-person interaction since the transaction can easily be completed via phone or the Internet.

Your choice of distribution channels depends on your target market’s preference and behavior, competition, as well as the current state of the market (think the 2020 pandemic that has forced restaurants and a lot of businesses to shift to e-commerce).

3. Price strategies – cover everything that concerns the price tag for your product.

How you price your product can make or break your business. Therefore, ensure you price your product or service in a way that will keep your business profitable while meeting the needs of the target market.

To come up with a price, there are three factors you have to consider. First is the cost of making the product or service you’re selling. You can add the total cost you incurred in producing your product and then divide it by the total number of the products to determine the unit cost.

For example, if you spent Php 1,500 to bake 100 chocolate cookies, the unit cost would be Php 15 (1,500/100). As for the selling price, you need to add a markup which is a percentage of the unit cost that you think when added will sufficiently cover the direct (i.e., materials, labor, etc.) and overhead costs. Say the markup is 20%, and 20% of Php 15 is 3, then the selling price is Php 18 (15 + 3).

The second factor you have to consider is the competition. You will use the price they have set for a similar product/service as a benchmark when determining the price of your own. You may either go higher to make the target market perceive what you’re offering as higher in quality or lower to make an introductory offer and in so doing gain your first few fans.

Lastly, the current demand for the product/service you’re selling can also determine the selling price. Simply put, the higher the demand for the product that only a few businesses are offering, the higher the selling price becomes. Conversely, the lower the demand for a product with plenty of supply, the lower the price will be.

4. Promotion strategies – make up the core of your marketing strategies since these cover all the tools and channels you’ll use to reach out to your target market.

Remember that whether you’re using Internet ads or television commercials to promote your business, it’s important to convey your message in a way that resonates with your prospective buyers.

To do this, you must focus on highlighting the benefits and not the features of the products. People won’t care how many advanced technologies you’ve used to produce your product unless it offers solutions to their problems. If you’ve studied your market well, then you should know by now what keeps these people awake at night and how your product can address this.

Step 11: Register Your Business

Now that you’re a few steps away from launching your own business, it’s time to legitimize it by securing all the required permits and registration documents.

Whether your business is a sole proprietorship, partnership, or corporation, you’re required by the government to register it. Doing so will allow your business to be legal in the eyes of the law, file tax returns, apply for government loans, and avoid incurring penalties.

The process of business registration in the Philippines can be long and frustrating. Fortunately, we’ve covered all the basics and condensed them into one easy-to-follow business registration guide in the Philippines .

Step 12: Find a Strategic Location

Choose the right location for your retail business and you already have the battle half-won. But how do you pick a great location? Here are some guidelines you need to follow:

• It should be near the source of raw materials. The main reason why some products are priced ridiculously high is that it costs a lot for the raw materials to be delivered to the business location. Therefore, putting up a business near the source of the raw materials (e.g., sugar millers near sugarcane plantation, food processors near fruit/vegetable farm) will bring the transport cost down and in so doing make the product price more affordable for the consumers.
• It should be where the market is. In the same way that you save on transport costs by placing your business near the source of your raw materials, you should also make sure that the business is near and accessible for people you intend to serve. If the target market exists within the vicinity of your own home, much better since you can start a home-based business and save on rental fees.
• It should be accessible to your employees and customers. Foot traffic is the lifeblood of brick-and-mortar businesses so make sure the place where you’ll establish your store is easy to find, has plenty of public transport, and has available parking spaces for everyone. This strategic location will benefit not just your customers but also your current and future employees. A business near a good source of skilled labor won’t have a hard time finding new employees should the need arises and will also save on accommodation costs since they’re within the commuting distance of the business.
• It must be in a place with a reliable and adequate supply of power, water, and Internet services . Even the slightest disruption in any of the aforementioned utilities can drastically affect your daily business operations so make sure you choose a location with an established infrastructure. If you’ll be renting a place, verify beforehand if the utilities are included in the lease so you won’t be caught off guard by any hidden charges.
• It should be in a safe and peaceful environment. Building a business in a neighborhood notorious for looting and other forms of violence is a huge risk you can’t afford to take especially if you’re a first-time entrepreneur. Pick a place where established businesses have been thriving for decades and whose residents have high purchasing power. You also need to ensure that your business will comply with existing ordinances and zoning restrictions in your chosen community.
• It must be in a decent and pleasant place. You don’t want to start a business in an environment that will drive prospective customers away so make sure to check the place for the presence of disagreeable things like smoke, noise, foul odors, dust, as well as proximity to places like bars and pub houses (unless your businesses are bars and pub houses).
• It should be where a moderate number of your competitors are operating . The presence of competition can either be a good thing or not. If the place is full of competing stores placed one after another, it may be more difficult to stand out and penetrate the market. On the contrary, the absence of any competitor may be a telltale sign that the place is bad for business, especially if it has a history of similar businesses closing down or going bankrupt. In most cases, however, establishing your business beside one or two competitors can actually be a good thing since the presence of similar businesses in one place will attract more foot traffic.

Step 13: Form Your Dream Team

A business won’t run by itself. It needs people to complete its daily operations.

As a business owner, it’s your responsibility to find and choose the right employees to join your dream team. If you own a retail business, the rule of thumb is to hire people who are highly approachable and have a positive attitude. A grumpy Debbi Downer is a liability that will cost you a lot of loyal customers.

Once you’ve found the right people, it’s time to train them well and incentivize them to do their best work consistently. In order to keep your employees motivated and committed to their jobs, not only should you pay them right but also treat them with the same respect and kindness you’d want to receive if you’re the employee.

Should you need assistance in providing technical training for your staff, the government can help you through various programs offered by the Technical Education Development Authority (TESDA), the Technology Resource Center (TRC), and the Department of Science and Technology (DOST).

When it comes to employees’ rights, there are a few important things you have to keep in mind to ensure you’ll be in good terms with your employees:

• All employees, male or female, are entitled to equal compensation and work opportunities. Discrimination is not allowed in any way or form so you should not do unacceptable things like not hiring a woman just because she’s married or firing an employee just because she got pregnant.
• Every employee should be assured security of tenure. You can’t dismiss an employee unless it’s due to a just or authorized cause. Termination can only be done after observing due process.
• Employees are normally required to work for 8 hours a day . This 8-hour period already includes rest periods of less than an hour but excludes meal periods of at least one hour.
• Employees are entitled to get a rest day after not more than 6 consecutive workdays. They can also file different types of leaves to take a break from work. These include the five-day Service Incentive Leave (SIL) with pay which can be availed by the employee after a year of service in the company; Maternity Leave which is granted to qualified female SSS members in anticipation of childbirth or due to abortion or miscarriage; and the seven-day Paternity Leave with pay for the male spouse of a woman who is about to give birth or has suffered from a miscarriage.
• Employees must be paid the right wage commensurate to the amount of work rendered as well as wage-related benefits like accommodation, overtime, rest day, night differential, 13th-month pay , and holiday.
• Employees deserve to be protected from any injury, sickness, or death through a safe working environment .
• All employees have a right to join or form a legitimate worker’s organization or labor union without the employer’s interference. These groups are established for the purpose of upholding their rights as workers and doing collective bargaining. For instance, workers can be represented by these organizations in tripartite decision-making involving them, the government, and the employers’ organizations. This way, they can have their voices heard in matters concerning workers’ wages and labor disputes.

Step 14: Purchase All the Needed Equipment and Supplies

Some businesses can get by with just manual labor. However, for those that invest in machines and equipment, the increase in business productivity and profitability can be phenomenal if done right.

Therefore, you have to apply the same meticulousness in selecting the supplies, machines, and equipment needed to produce your product. Follow these proven tips before making a purchasing decision:

• Have a clear idea of what you want to buy before heading to the store/supplier. Know the specific needs of your business, the kind of machine/equipment that can meet these needs, and all the engineering features and operating characteristics you’re looking for. This way, you can cut down on shopping time and simply go straight to comparing only the products that meet all your criteria.
• Shop around and don’t settle with the first supplier that you come across no matter how great it is. Instead, get information on each supplier that sells the machine/equipment you’re looking for and judge them one by one in terms of reliability, price, warranty, payment terms, delivery, installation service, maintenance, etc. Just because the product is the cheapest doesn’t mean it’s also the best; multiple factors will determine which one suits your business best.
• Choose excellent machine/equipment that is within your price range . Remember, it’s an expensive investment so make sure you have done your assignment of comparing the cost of each machine/equipment that you’ve shortlisted based on their fuel efficiency, capacity, and other technical matters. Alternatively, you can lease or buy a second-hand machine/equipment so you won’t have to spend more money on a new one.

Step 15: Launch Your Business

And there you have it: You are now ready to start your own business. Although this article has only covered the basic details of jumping into entrepreneurship, it should be enough to get you started.

Remember, it’s not unusual for first-time entrepreneurs to make mistakes in their first ventures but the lessons from these mistakes are what will propel you forward as you learn more about your business.

Entrepreneurship is not just about earning big bucks. It’s also about generating job opportunities that will help a lot of families. As an entrepreneur, you’ll be serving not just yourself but also the community around you.

Regardless of the outcome, consider this journey as a launching pad to greater things. And if there’s one thing that owning a business can teach you, it’s the truth that learning doesn’t stop.

So keep learning and have faith both in God and in yourself. Who knows? Your greatest breakthrough may be just around the corner.

• Bureau of Small and Medium Enterprise Development (BSMED). (2015).  Your Guide to Starting a Small Enterprise  [Ebook]. Retrieved from https://www.dti.gov.ph/resources/e-library/business/starting-a-business/guide-in-starting-a-business-enterprise/
• Bureau of Small and Medium Enterprise Development (BSMED). (2015).  Do You Want to Go Into Business?  [Ebook]. Retrieved from https://www.dti.gov.ph/resources/e-library/business/starting-a-business/guide-in-starting-a-business-enterprise/
• Entrepreneur.com. (2017).  Need a Business Idea? The Best Way to Find One Is to Stop Looking.  [Video]. Retrieved from https://www.entrepreneur.com/video/295451
• Goodman, M. (2015). The 7 Steps of Effective Product Development. Retrieved 10 August 2020, from https://www.entrepreneur.com/article/244616
• The Lean Startup Methodology. Retrieved 12 August 2020, from http://theleanstartup.com/principles
• Bureau of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprise Development (BMSMED). (2012).  Financing Programs for Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs)  [Ebook].
• Summit Publishing Co. Inc. (2015).  52 Inspiring Success Stories: Breakthrough Ideas for the Aspiring Entrepreneur  (pp. 7-9). Mandaluyong City.
• Noda, T. (2018). 10 Notable Incubators and Accelerators In The Philippines. Retrieved 14 August 2020, from https://fintechnews.sg/22610/fintechphilippines/incubators-accelerators-in-the-philippines/
• GoDaddy, AXN launch reality show to jumpstart ventures of Filipino entrepreneurs. (2020). Retrieved 14 August 2020, from https://mb.com.ph/2020/08/12/godaddy-axn-launch-reality-show-to-jumpstart-ventures-of-filipino-entrepreneurs/

Written by Luisito Batongbakal Jr.

in Business and Finance , Juander How

Last Updated March 31, 2022 07:11 PM

Luisito Batongbakal Jr.

Luisito E. Batongbakal Jr. is the founder, editor, and chief content strategist of FilipiKnow, a leading online portal for free educational, Filipino-centric content. His curiosity and passion for learning have helped millions of Filipinos around the world get access to free insightful and practical information at the touch of their fingertips. With him at the helm, FilipiKnow has won numerous awards including the Top 10 Emerging Influential Blogs 2013, the 2015 Globe Tatt Awards, and the 2015 Philippine Bloggys Awards.

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• Laundry Business Plan Philippines (Sample + PDF Template)

By   Yesh Quijano

November 22, 2023

Starting a laundry business can be a profitable venture, allowing you to become a successful entrepreneur in a recession-proof industry. Planning, preparation, and a strong business plan are essential to achieving success in this venture.

Key takeaways

A comprehensive laundry shop business plan in the Philippines must include a detailed market analysis, customer segmentation, and a clear competitive strategy.

Financial projections, funding requirements, and operational milestones are crucial for attracting investors and/or securing a business loan.

Your laundry business plan should offer a unique value proposition and a robust marketing strategy to stand out in the Philippine market.

Parts of A Business Plan For Laundry Shops

Executive summary.

Whether you are considering a sole proprietorship or another form of business structure, this executive summary will provide you with a clear overview of the key components needed to create a solid foundation for your laundry business.

Here are some parts of a detailed executive summary:

First and foremost, it’s essential to identify your main objective. Are you planning to offer convenient, high-quality services, targeting busy professionals and families? Are you aiming to provide low-cost, efficient services to a diverse clientele? Or are you simply aiming to be the best service provider in your area?

Whatever your focus may be, understanding your target market and their needs will help you tailor your offerings and increase the likelihood of success.

Get a full business plan for your laundry shop for only PHP199 Buy Now

Your facility’s location will play a significant role in attracting your target customers, so choose a site with high foot traffic and easy access to public transportation. Additionally, it’s crucial to invest in durable, energy-efficient equipment to reduce utility expenses and extend the life of your machines.

Pricing Strategy

In a successful laundry business, having a well-thought-out pricing strategy is critical. Assess your target market and the level of competition in your area, then determine a pricing structure that strikes the right balance between affordability and profitability. Offering special promotions and loyalty programs can also help set you apart from the competition.

Marketing Plan

Marketing your business effectively is another crucial aspect of success. Utilize both digital and traditional marketing channels, including social media, local print and radio advertisements, and community events to raise awareness of your brand and services.

Consistently engaging your audience and fostering relationships with target customers will help establish your business as a trusted, go-to laundry service provider.

Standards of Hygiene & Customer Service

Lastly, keep in mind that it’s essential to maintain high standards of cleanliness and customer service. Your staff should be well-trained, friendly, and attentive to your customers’ needs. By providing a pleasant, efficient, and convenient experience, you can foster customer loyalty and build a strong reputation within your community.

Company Overview

Your laundry shop business plan should cover a general description of your brand, its history, and a summary of services. Below is a sample Company Overview:

Who is Labada Luxe’s Clean Laundry Shop?

Labada Luxe’s Clean Laundry Shop is a premier laundry business offering top-notch services to cater to your laundry needs. By choosing to start your own laundry business with Labada Luxe, you’re investing in a proven system and a brand that represents quality and customer satisfaction.

With an unwavering dedication to cleanliness and customer service, you can trust Labada Luxe to provide a reliable, efficient, and professional solution for your laundry requirements.

Labada Luxe Laundry Shop History

The journey of Labada Luxe began with a simple mission: to provide a convenient, affordable, and quality laundry experience. Over the years, the business has expanded and fine-tuned its operations, perfecting the art of managing a successful laundry business.

Today, Labada Luxe Laundry Shop stands as a proud symbol of innovation and customer satisfaction in the laundry industry. Your choice to venture into the world of laundry with Labada Luxe is a decision backed by extensive experience, strong support, and a loyal customer base.

Labada Luxe Laundry Services

Labada Luxe offers a range of laundry services to cater to various customer preferences. The services include:

Wash and Fold: A standard service for everyday laundry needs, ensuring your clothes are clean, fresh, and neatly folded.

Dry Cleaning Services: Treating delicate and specialty garments with extra care to maintain their condition and appearance.

Commercial Laundry: Catering to the needs of businesses and large-scale customers, such as hotels and restaurants, by providing professional-grade laundry services.

With Labada Luxe’s Clean Laundry Shop, your laundry business is backed by a comprehensive range of services, a solid reputation, and a history of success. Embrace the opportunity to be part of an exceptional brand with a bright future.

Industry Analysis

In the laundry shop business, understanding the industry is crucial for creating a successful business plan. As a service provider, you must be knowledgeable about the market, competition, and customer preferences.

Growth Factors

The laundry industry’s growth is driven by various factors, including increased urbanization, busy lifestyles, and the need for convenience. These factors contribute to a higher demand for efficient and professional laundry services.

Technology advancements also play a role in shaping the industry, with new equipment and software solutions emerging to streamline the laundry process.

Services & Service Provider Types

To excel in the laundry business, focus on offering high-quality services that cater to a wide range of clients, such as busy professionals, families, and students. Keep track of industry trends, consumer preferences, and potential opportunities to stay ahead of the competition.

Be aware of the different types of laundry service providers in the market. Some may specialize in particular niches such as eco-friendly cleaning, while others focus on a specific kind of clientele or offer additional services like ironing and folding. Identifying your target audience and tailoring your services will give you a competitive edge.

When it comes to choosing the right equipment for your laundry shop, efficiency and durability are essential factors to consider. Investing in high-quality, energy-efficient washers and dryers, or self-service machines will not only save you money in the long run but also appeal to environmentally conscious customers.

Customer Analysis

Demographic profile of target market.

In developing your laundry business plan, it’s crucial to analyze your target market’s demographic profile. Focus on working professionals, as they typically have a higher disposable income and are more likely to require laundry services due to their busy schedules.

Consider factors such as age, income, and household size in determining your target demographic. For example, younger professionals in their 20s and 30s may have different laundry necessities than those in their 40s and 50s. Additionally, the number of people in a household may affect the volume of laundry generated.

Customer Segmentation

Once you’ve identified your target demographic, segment your customer base to better tailor your services. Here are two groups to consider:

Working Professionals : These individuals have demanding jobs and minimal time to spend on chores like laundry. Offer services that cater to their needs, such as pick-up and delivery options, quick turnaround times, and convenient payment methods.

Families : Although not everyone falls into this category, households with multiple members might require larger capacities for laundry services. Offer family packages, discounts, or promotions to attract this customer segment.

Competitive Analysis

When starting your laundry business, understanding your direct and indirect competitors is essential for success. Analyzing the market will give you insights to shape your own business strategy and differentiate yourself from your competitors.

Direct Competitors

Direct competitors are other laundromats in your area. Begin by researching their services, prices, and unique selling points. Visit their facilities to get a feel for the cleanliness, wait times, and customer interactions, which will help you determine your advantages.

Look for unmet needs in the market that your laundry can address, such as extended opening hours or eco-friendly washers and dryers. To keep track of your competitors, consider creating a table with the following information:

Competitor Services Prices Unique Selling Points Example

Indirect Competitors

Indirect competitors include washing and folding services, dry cleaners, and even charitable organizations that offer laundry services for low-income or homeless individuals. Assess the services they provide and think of ways your business can complement or outshine them.

For example, offer pickup and delivery services for a fee or collaborate with a nearby dry cleaner to provide a one-stop shop for customers.

Building strong competitive advantages over your rivals is of utmost importance. You could differentiate your laundry business by investing in state-of-the-art equipment and technology, such as mobile apps for booking, monitoring machine usage, and making payments.

Additionally, consider offering loyalty programs that reward your customers for choosing your services, or special discounts during off-peak hours to make your business stand out.

Brand & Value Proposition

In starting your laundry business, it’s essential to have a clear brand and a strong value proposition. Your brand should be easily recognizable and reflect the quality of service you provide. A well-defined value proposition sets you apart from competitors and attracts customers.

One effective marketing strategy to establish your brand is to create a logo and use it consistently across various platforms, such as signage, promotional materials, and social media. Additionally, investing in professional photography can greatly enhance the visual appeal of your promotional content.

Focus on promoting your unique selling points, such as competitive pricing, fast turnaround times, eco-friendly practices, delivery, or superior customer service. This will ensure that your target audience appreciates the distinct benefits of choosing your laundry business.

Promotions Strategy

To expand your reach and attract customers, consider implementing various marketing strategies. A combination of online and offline promotions can maximize the impact of your efforts.

Here are a few marketing strategy ideas to consider:

Develop a user-friendly website to showcase your services and facilitate easy booking for patrons.

Utilize social media platforms, such as Facebook and Instagram, to reach your target audience and share updates and special offers.

Offer incentives like discounts and referral programs to encourage customer loyalty and word-of-mouth advertising.

In addition to online marketing , don’t forget traditional offline methods. Running a major newspaper ad campaign, for example, is a powerful way to reach a local audience. Depending on your target market, you might also consider:

Distributing flyers and brochures in high-traffic areas.

Partnering with local businesses and residential complexes to offer special deals and increase your visibility.

Sponsoring community events to strengthen your brand’s presence and connect with potential customers.

Operations Plan

Operation functions.

Your laundry business’s success will be based on a well-defined Operations Plan . As you create your plan, focus on the business model you’ll be following. Laundromats require less manpower but may need frequent maintenance checks.

To effectively run a self-service laundromat, prioritize these operations functions:

Location selection: Find an ideal place near residential areas or places with high foot traffic. Ensure the location provides an enjoyable atmosphere.

Equipment and maintenance: Invest in high-quality machines and ensure they operate smoothly.

Hygiene and safety: Regularly clean the premises and establish health and safety protocols.

Workforce: Hire competent and laundry attendants.

Set achievable milestones to help your laundry business grow:

Research phase: Understand the market, competition, and potential customers.

Business setup: Create your business plan, secure funding, and select the location.

Procurement and installation: Buy and install the laundry equipment.

Promotion and opening: Plan a grand opening event and promote your business through various channels.

Financial Plan

As you start your laundry business, it’s important to have a solid financial plan. This will not only set you up for success but also help you make informed decisions as you navigate the journey of entrepreneurship.

Key Revenue & Costs

Your main source of revenue will be from your laundry services. This can be broken down into various categories, such as:

Washing and drying : Charging customers for the use of your machines.

Pick-up and delivery : Offering convenient options for busy customers.

Additional services : Ironing, folding, and dry-cleaning.

Your business expenses can be categorized as follows:

Startup costs : These include licensing, permits, and equipment purchases.

Operational costs : Rent, utilities, and payroll for employees.

Maintenance and repair : Keeping your machines in top condition is crucial to the success of your business.

Consider conducting market research to determine the best pricing strategy for your services, keeping in mind your competition and target market.

Budget Requirements and Use of Funds

When starting your laundry business, it’s vital to determine how much funding you’ll need. Break down your use of funds into categories like equipment, renovations, and working capital. This will help you determine how much of your own capital you require, and whether a business loan or investment might be necessary.

Financial Projections

Create a detailed financial forecast for the first few years of your business. This should include monthly projections for revenue, expenses, and profits. Your financial projections will serve as a roadmap for reaching your goals and can be adjusted as your business evolves.

Income Statement

Prepare an income statement outlining your expected revenues, cost of goods sold (COGS), gross profit, and operating expenses. This will allow you to track the profitability of your business and make informed decisions regarding expansion or cost control.

Balance Sheet

A balance sheet is essential for tracking the assets, liabilities, and owner’s equity of your business. By regularly updating your balance sheet, you’ll have a clear understanding of your business’s financial position and can make necessary adjustments as needed.

Cash Flow Statement

Your cash flow statement will detail all cash inflows and outflows, helping you monitor your business’s liquidity. This is crucial for ensuring you have enough funds to cover operating expenses and any unexpected costs.

Laundry Business Plan FAQs

What is a laundry business plan.

A laundromat business plan is a comprehensive document that outlines your goals, strategies, financial projections, and action plans for starting and operating a successful laundry service. This document serves as a roadmap, guiding you through each decision and providing a clear understanding of your enterprise model.

Crafting a well-thought-out plan helps you identify potential challenges and opportunities, ensuring a more efficient use of resources and a higher likelihood of success.

What are the Main Types of Laundry Businesses?

There are several types of laundry businesses that you can consider for your venture:

Self-service laundromats: Customers use coin-operated machines to wash and dry their own laundry.

Full-service laundries: You offer washing, drying, and folding services on behalf of your customers, often charging per pound or load.

Dry cleaners: These businesses focus on cleaning delicate fabrics and garments using specialized cleaning methods and chemicals.

Mobile laundry services: Customers schedule pickups and deliveries through an online platform or phone, and you provide convenient services by collecting, washing, and returning their laundry.

How Do You Get Funding for Your Laundry Business Plan?

To secure funding for your laundry business, you will need to present a solid business plan that demonstrates the viability and potential profitability of your venture. Potential funding sources include:

Personal savings: Using your own money can be the fastest and easiest option.

Bank loans: Apply for a loan from a bank or credit union. Be prepared to provide detailed financial statements and a strong credit history.

Investors: Seek out individuals or firms that may be interested in investing in your business in exchange for equity or debt.

What are the Steps To Start a Laundry Business?

We have a full guide here on how to start your own laundry service. Or you can visit our laundry shop category for more information.

Where can I get a Laundry Business Plan PDF Template?

Want to have your own business plan? We offer affordable business plan templates for laundry services! Check out this link to get your own laundromat business plan template for only PHP199.

About the author 

Yesh Quijano

Yesh Quijano is an entrepreneur and digital marketer who's been in the game for over 11 years. He started several businesses and helped countless others reach new heights. His goal is to make digital marketing for SMEs simple, accessible, and effective. When he's not working, you can find him cuddling with his two cats.

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• How Much Is A Business Plan Philippines

How much is a business plan in the Philippines? – it may be surprising to hear, but a business plan can be purchased for free. Filipino Wealth has a free downloadable PDF business plan for the Philippines / Word document that can be used to help build your new business. This guide is a template that has been designed for Filipino businesses, including some of the basics of business.

If you are looking for a more advanced business plan in the Philippines, companies such as Bplans and Ultius can be used. Prices range from a few thousand pesos up to 10s of thousands of pesos. Alternatively, to purchase a business plan in the Philippines, you can head over to freelancing platforms such as Fiverr to get a customized business plan.

The last option is writing your business plan. In today’s article, we will be going through what you need to include when writing a business plan in the Philippines and have some additional tips and tricks along the way.

Table of Contents

How To Write A Business Plan Philippines

Suppose you are deciding to write a business plan for a Filipino business yourself, then great. However, I would recommend downloading the business plan template at the top of this page, as this may give you some extra ideas which you can add to your plan. Nonetheless, let’s look at how to write a business plan in the Philippines.

The Basics Of Business

The first section of writing a business plan for the Philippines is the basics of business. This includes what the business is, what you will sell, how you will be selling, and how your business will be making money.

The basics of business are always fairly relaxed as this is the initial idea stage. It is likely that you already have some ideas or you have passed this stage, so if you already know the answers, then you can move on to the next section, but if you haven’t, then it’s a good idea to write down your thoughts, and then you could start to look at how you can turn these ideas into a reality.

I would recommend that as a new Filipino business owner, you take a considerable amount of time looking over each of these sections as starting a new business can be exciting. Still, there may be something that is overlooked. But spending time on each section, especially the financial side, often saves much time and money.

Your Customers

As we know, customers are an essential part of any business. So in this section, when writing a business plan for the Philippines, you need to get very familiar with your customers. This is often an overlooked part of any business plan, but you can make important decisions about your business when you know your customers thoroughly.

Let’s say, for example, you are starting a YouTube channel! This is an excellent example as this is very common in today’s world. Let’s pretend that your videos are about succeeding on YouTube, so you help other YouTubers grow their YouTube channel. From looking at your customers (viewers), you find that they want their own YouTube channel because they want to make money online…

…. because of this information that you have found out from a business plan in the Philippines or from your YouTube analytics, you decide to also talk about monetization on YouTube and earning money online. You find that your YouTube channel grows because you could tap into your viewers, discover more about them, and tailor your business to their needs. Win-Win.

Market Research

When looking at how much is a business plan in the Philippines, we found that prices range, and even though I wouldn’t pay a lot of money for a business plan in the Philippines for a small business…I would be influenced if that plan included market research, which is a critical part of any business.

Market researc h follows from your customer information that you found previously but dives into the market in more detail (this will help during marketing later on). Unless you are offering a new type of business or new service, you will most likely have competition. This is where your customers are going, so you will need to find out who they are going to and how you can influence them to change.

You will also find more information about consumers’ potential buying triggers and behaviors if you are selling products for your business.

Market research, in general, requires a lot of digging and investigating, and it is often a task that can be pretty time-consuming. However, the great thing about writing a business plan in the Philippines is that specific tasks can be outsourced! My personal favorite is Fiverr to find experts offering their services in a relevant field, but there are many other platforms to find professionals offering their services.

Equipment’s, Location, And Tools

Recently we spoke about how to start a coffee shop in the Philippines. In that article, we focused certain sections on purchasing the right equipment, the location , and the tools, as this is a significant part of the business.

It may be surprising to some, but it can damage your business if you purchase the wrong equipment, especially if your business is new and you are on a budget. For example, if you are opening up a traditional business such as a cafe or coffee shop, it will most likely be more appropriate to rent a small coffee machine if you do not have the funds available.

When writing this section of your business plan for the Philippines, take a moment to write down all the equipment you think you will need. Next, put these items in relevant categories, including essential, non-essential but desirable, and finally unessential. You may find that some things can be purchased at a later date.

Profits, Costs And Financial Statements

Making a business plan for the Philippines can be a simple process, but it can become complex, especially when we look into the financial statements of a business.

In your business, you need to find out how much everything will cost you, how much the maintenance costs are, how much electricity and utilities will cost. Then cross-examine these with your prices. Finally, take away any expenses, and you are left with your final profit. Are you profitable?

This can also be an exciting time if you are an optimist like me. When creating your business plan for your business, you may find that you save money or make more profit selling items together or cross-selling certain products and services.

Let’s use the example we did at the start of the article, and that is a YouTube business; suppose you have a YouTube business, looking through your profits and financial statements, you may find that you can earn more money (not only from Google AdSense) by affiliate marketing and also offering your product or service to your viewers.

You may be surprised, but some YouTube videos have 4 – 5 different income streams all on one video! It’s also important to have a balance, of course, but it does show that whatever business you are deciding to do, there are always options to reduce time, increase sales, and earn more profit.

The last stage when writing a business plan in the Philippines is creating an exit plan. An exit plan is not permanently closing a business down. Sometimes an exit plan can be exiting from your current business and remodeling into a newer company.

After several weeks or months, you may find that your business needs to adapt. However, an exit plan can also mean closing the company down, which is sometimes the right decision depending on the circumstances.

In my previous businesses, when things were not going my way, I always try to change the business model before closing the business. This is very rare that I get to this stage, but I found that if I did, it was because the business plan was rushed and many parts were overlooked.

Tips On Starting A Small Business In The Philippines

When looking at how much a business plan is in the Philippines, you may decide to create your own or hire a professional to help you with your business. Whatever option you choose, some essential tips and tricks can be helpful for small Filipino business owners.

Previously, we documented several business tips in the Philippines and explored small business opportunities , so I won’t go over these in too much detail today. However, to summarise a few significant points in these articles, here are some quick and practical tips.

• Spend Time On The Finances. Majority Of Successful  Businesses Focus Heavily On This Topic
• Understanding Human And Business Psychology Can Help You Succeed
• Being Different Is Not Always Bad In Business. Don’t Be Afraid To Differentiate Yourself
• There’s An Old Phrase In Business Which Goes – You Need To Be The Best Or The First
• Build Your Business Around Your Customers
• When Offering New Products And Services, Create Something That Cannot Be Refused
• Always Look Into Upselling And Cross-Selling When Starting A Filipino Business
• After You Have Completed Your Business Plan, Gather Some Trusted Feedback

There are quite a few simple but highly effective business tips applied to small businesses in the Philippines. However, I often mention something even though it’s not something that everybody wants to hear….. This is….  with traditional companies, it can sometimes take a long time before it becomes profitable.

Online businesses in the Philippines are slightly different as there are very few initial costs on most occasions. But with traditional businesses, there is often startup capital that will be needed. On average, it can take anywhere from one to three years for a company to become profitable.

This is important to note when designing your business plan for a Philippines business. Feel free to click on the business plan tab at the top of this page to download a free template for a small business in the Philippines.

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Carinderia business plan (with pdf).

• Food & Beverage

A carinderia business may be attractive and seemingly easy to set up: have a stall near your house, few tables and chairs, adequate cooking equipment and utensils and a good cook might be all you need to get started. But it’s actually a tough business to manage with low margins and factors that are hard to control. That is why, just like in any other business venture, careful planning and execution is key to getting the carinderia business off the ground and get started. A misaligned priority or missing out on a key component of the business could easily shut it down. So we came up with this basic business plan for those interested but unsure if carinderia business is the way to go. Just because you like the business does not always mean it’s meant for you. Thorough research and sufficient business support are needed.

Table of Contents

Market research

Was the idea of establishing your business borne out of your passion to cook? Was it because a vacant stall in the public market seems suitable to set up your carinderia? Or was it because you hear so many people complain about not having enough meal choices in your neighborhood? If you tick any of the above boxes, you’ve got the potential to get started but not enough to steamroll with the carinderia bandwagon.

• Which segments do they belong to (low-wage workers, office workers, housewives, students, drivers, seasonal workers)?
• What is their corresponding buying power?
• Do they tend to be loyal at a specific eatery or can easily be swayed of their choices depending on available food, season, weather, etc?
• Are they encouraged to eat out or can easily switch back to prepared meals if provided with the opportunity?

Existing carinderias in the neighborhood . Identify them and ask yourself and others about them:

• Do they serve a good variety of food for customers ?
• Do they operate 24/7 or only during lunch/dinner or a certain times of the day?
• Do they operate as a legitimate business or behave like an extended table serving home-cooked meals?
• Do they source their materials from sustainable
• Do you or others have a good impression of them in terms of sanitation, food taste, price point, general ambiance, and customer service?
• Do they have generally favorable sentiment from customers?
• What are their advantages and disadvantages?

Urban planning and development. Think about what the neighborhood would look like in the next five to ten years.

• Are there proposed landmark buildings, infrastructure projects, new business establishments, or public projects forthcoming?
• Are there new schools, residential buildings, hospitals, or transport rerouting planned?

Available resources. This is key to sustaining the needs of your carinderia business.

• Are suppliers available nearby and accessible without investing a significant amount of money or time? They include meat, poultry, vegetable, seafood, or fruit dealers.
• Are there cheaper alternatives you can explore such as wholesalers who can give you better deals and stronger business relationships?
• Is it easy to find workers like waiters, dishwashers, cooks, assistants, cleaners, and cashiers who can augment the needs of a growing business?
• Is the power supply stable and does not require you to procure generators in case of a power failure?
• Is the water supply stable and does not require interruptions?
• Do you have existing materials and equipment such as fridges, freezers , or gas stoves that can be used and reduce initial spending to set up the carinderia business?
• Is there an ample disposal area to discard material waste?

Financial ability and literacy.  This is what everyone wants to discuss when planning for the business so this must be very important.

• Will you use your personal savings to invest in the business?
• Do you need to borrow money to finance the business?
• Do you have a credit line to use as a lifeline in procuring necessary materials?
• Do you or a partner have a background in accounting and basic concepts of cash flow?
• Are you familiar with the business licensing, taxes, wages, and benefits that go with the carinderia business?

Hopefully, the list provides a sufficient understanding of how suitable you are to pursue the business. This research is helpful not only for the business but also to prequalify you as a player in the business. Without due diligence and enough market know-how, challenges that would have been anticipated in this initial research stage could emerge down the road and it’s more difficult to back down and make hard choices.

Capital money

Some sources say us included, that a P15,000 investment will be enough to start the business, maybe as a food delivery business instead of a full-fledged carinderia entity. With limited capital money to buy bulk inventory of ingredients, food will be cooked in smaller portions, and orders are delivered to homes instead of accepting dine-in customers. But even before operations can begin, administrative expenses should be considered: barangay permits, rental fees, and so on. Profits will be minimal at around 5% depending on how you source your ingredients or save on costs (more on this later below). Breaking even will depend on your setup. If you are mostly utilizing your own resources such as vacant space in the backyard instead of renting a space in the market or family members helping out instead of hiring an extra hand, a significant amount of your capital expenses can be used for production. This counts utensils, cooking equipment, meat and seafood produce, vegetables, and condiments. Spending your capital money on a formal venue like a market stall may be more expensive but it also signifies your long-term commitment to the business. When the business falters when you find out your backyard does not have enough foot traffic, it’s easy to fold because you are less dependent on external factors. Hiring an experienced cook will help guarantee food quality especially if family members are less skilled or less committed to working for free for the family business. So it doesn’t mean that if you’re investing less in setting up your eatery business, you’ll more likely to succeed. Likewise, if you borrow a huge amount and are heavily invested in a proper venue, you’ll be less likely to prosper.

Carinderia design

The design of your eatery business will ideally evoke the character of your business: friendly and inviting, a place to relieve the cravings of a hungry stomach, and doubles as a place of socialization. Of course, we all imagine great designs as below with fancy design and bright, airy atmosphere. But we also think of practicality and associated costs. We ask ourselves:

• Do our customers stay long enough to marvel at the interiors or do we simply want them to spend half an hour so more customers can come in and eat?
• Do we wish to establish our presence as the talk of the town and generate word of mouth or even get featured in local magazines or TV shows?
• Do we have enough resources to execute our design plan? Money to pay a good interior designer. Materials to put brilliant design ideas into life.
• Are our ideal designs applicable to the neighborhood we wish to operate in terms of practicality such as comfort, ease of access, and efficiency in managing incoming and outgoing customers?

Nonetheless, let’s explore some inspiration designs for small food kiosks that can be applied to your carinderia.

Manpower resources

Managing a carinderia business can range from an all-around cook/dishwasher/accountant/procurement officer to a full team of specialized roles. Depending on the scale of operation and number of customers that can be accommodated at any given time, here are some of those specialty roles: Cook – the heart and soul of the carinderia business. He or she conceptualize which types of food appear on the menu, handpicks the ingredients, slices them accordingly, and does magical things in the kitchen. Whether honed by skills passed on in the family or acquired in a culinary school, the cook’s masterpiece will be significant in customer loyalty and the carinderia’s reputation. Manager – often the owner of the carinderia business, he or she oversees the overall operation of the business. From ushering in customers inside to ensure a steady supply of food choices in the tray, he/she attempts to troubleshoot problems and achieve harmony in the operation. The manager can also dabble into cleaning up tables, assisting the cashier, verifying supplier deliveries, and makes quick resolutions on issues that may arise. Cleaner – this person ensures that the sanitation of the carinderia is in top shape. The cleaner makes quick work of tables and prepares them for the next customer. He or she ensures that leftover soft drinks, plates, and discarded food are away from the eyes of the public as soon as possible and makes prompt disposal of garbage. After operating hours, he or she makes a thorough cleaning of the carinderia: floors, tables and chairs, food shelves, kitchen and cooking area, and lastly, the toilet. Dishwasher – this role extends beyond cleaning dishes and other tableware, glasses, and cooking utensils during business hours. After hours, the role of the dishwasher will transform to that of the cleaner. This separate role manifests the importance of making the tableware clean; a singular presence of blemish can tarnish the reputation of the carinderia. This is especially crucial if the eatery relies on handwashing and without the help of a dishwashing machine. Cashier/Accountant – this person takes charge of the finances of the business. He or she collects customer bill payment, looks at the inventory of materials, analyze which menu items are profitable or loss-making, makes suggestions on the menu from a profit perspective. He or she also looks after the cash flow management and makes tight monitoring of expenses (LPG supply, electricity/water bills, supplier invoices, salary/payroll, and taxes and permits ) against income. Utility person – this person does everything not defined from the above list. This role can assist the above jobs or tasks that are not anticipated in the operation. He or she helps arrange the delivery of meat/veggies of suppliers, replaces broken bulbs or faucets, orders extra rice from other restaurants or condiments from the supermarket if supply is short, or keeps an eye on customers who try to steal items like cutlery.

Keeping carinderia operation costs low

In a business known for razor-thin margins, keeping operational costs low is key. There are expenses that you cannot avoid (permits, raw materials, equipment, and labor), but you can keep them low without resorting to unlawful practices to get the bottom line.

• Location. Rental costs cover a significant amount in a daily expense, so if you can set up in a space you own, that saves up a lot of money. It can be a small space at the beginning, as you start to attract loyal customers and build your carinderia’s brand. You can later move to a more prominent location and expect your loyal customers to follow.
• Labor. Employing family members can help mitigate labor costs, but it’s also important to realize that even if they are not working for free, and must be compensated in some shape or form. Their presence helps minimize expenses that would otherwise go to a skilled and experienced worker, but their lack of know-how can also be detrimental to the carinderia operation. If they lack exposure to the job, family members can fill roles (dishwashing, cleaning) that are not specialized (cooking, accounting).
• Materials. Will you require high-end meat cuts to achieve premium taste or do lower-grade meats still do the job? Will you use ceramic which is more stylish and food safe or plastic plates that are less risky to damage or breakage?
• Buy equipment at second-hand shops, shops winding down, or nearby auction events. This includes fridges, cooking utensils, tables, and chairs. Buying brand-new ones minimize the risk of breakdown, but if you know how to examine the quality of say, a freezer or the safety of a gas stove offered at a second-hand shop, you can save lots of capital money.
• Rent items you don’t need to buy outright. Tables and chairs are classic examples. Once you’ve grown the business, you can replace these with more appropriate dining furniture.
• No freeloaders. Except for family members, do not allow anyone else to dine at the carinderia without paying. You are running a business and not a charity so your decision must be respected.
• Marketing the business. Will you advertise in your local newspaper or promote it on Google My Business? Are you investing in great-tasting food and planning to make each customer the salesperson in a word of mouth advertising? Are you willing to offer discounts to customers for an honest positive review online? Or do you wish to get the attention of influencers promoting your carinderia in their Instagram feed or YouTube channel? There are certainly ways to promote your carinderia without spending top money on traditional advertising media.

Commitment to growth

Starting your carinderia business is the most challenging, just like in any other business. You set up your venue, acquire equipment and tools, human resources and promote your eatery to the public. That’s an investment of so much effort, not to mention your financial input in the process. And that’s even before you transact with your first customers. Sustaining the business is another beast to tame. As you get started, there are adjustments to make as everything is a new experience. But you dismiss these early challenges in the name of committing to growing the carinderia business. Are you willing or prepared to change your lifestyle and make this commitment? Not all carinderia follow the same timeframe as it depends on sourcing ingredients, kitchen manpower, or operation plan but it’s not unusual to observe certain owners expend a lot of energy and sacrifice a tremendous amount of time.

• 2am – Wake up to source the freshest produce as ingredients for the day.
• 4am – Return to the kitchen to process the ingredients — wash, slice, marinate, etc.
• 7am – Prepare the kitchen and its equipment to cook after deciding what is the menu for the day.
• 10am – Open the carinderia for an early brunch menu or early lunch orders
• 11am – Be ready for the rush of customers
• 2pm – Close the carinderia for midday cleanup and preparation for the dinner menu
• 5pm – Open the carinderia for dinner guests
• 9pm – Last dinner orders received
• 10pm – Close of business day, calculation of income, cleanup, etc

There are types of food that are considered can’t miss and often attract the attention of customers. But menu items can only materialize and make more sense if:

• they are easily sourced and profitable, even if they are quite expensive to buy from suppliers
• the typical customers are likely to pick them based on taste or financial power. How much will students, office workers, or tricycle drivers be willing to spend for lunch?
• they align with the timing of your operation. A menu of goto, tapsilog, lugaw or tokwa is good to start the day while preparing the main menu for lunch.

Depending on your market research, you might decide that your carinderia will only serve lunch as it’s the peak time of activity in the area. Maybe folks (students, factory workers, laborers) will likely return home and eat dinner prepared by their families. In that case, you can narrow down options, even though there’s a lot in common between lunch and dinner options for a typical Filipino appetite. Fixed menu or flexible menu? It’s certainly your call as you discern the pattern of your past customers. But it would be great to have a bit of variety (think of specials for the day menu) available to those who wish to explore new options. Or have a certain specialty like lechon or ginisang munggo available on a specific day. This can be a deliberate choice of day or due to the required time to prepare or sourcing of raw materials. We have a list of popular carineria menu but you can consider the following items as well:

• Adobong manok
• Adobong baboy
• Adobong pusit
• Adobong kangkong
• Chicken tinola
• Chicken afritada
• Pork menudo
• Pork sinigang
• Bistek Tagalog
• Inihaw na liempo
• Nilagang baka
• Bicol express
• Pork barbecue

Pick 3-5 main specialties and make sure you have enough rice! This staple food is a Filipino favorite and cost-wise it helps customers get full without spending much. A safe bet would be items that don’t spoil easily. Otherwise, food poisoning and other health issues can easily break your personal reputation and destroy the business. If you think offering unlimited rice (even as an opening week promotion) will attract customers without going in the red, it would be a good marketing approach.

Focus on cleanliness and carinderia hygiene

Many carinderia businesses in the Philippines exist in places that are less desirable for health reasons. Many are located near the road where food and customers are exposed to dust, smoke, and other sources of unpleasant odor. And just because nobody got sick does not mean you are operations are up to prescribed sanitation standards. Operating a clean carinderia will incur extra costs but this will always pay off as customers will appreciate how you take care of their well-being as much as your business bottom line. After all, you are preparing what they’ll eat and that’s a big deal health-wise. Cleanliness is not just about food preparation. It also includes the sanitation process when cleaning plates and cutlery, sourcing of your drinking water, cleanliness of hand towels, and condition of floors, food shelves, and toilets. These are things you not only consider but follow by heart.

• Ensure everyone involved in the carinderia operation has health clearance.
• Maintain cleanliness and safety in your kitchen area. Clean pots, pans and maintain the cooking area in an orderly manner. Wipe the floors to avoid slipping.
• Maintain cleanliness of floors by wiping off dirt and discarded materials as often as possible.
• Keep pets, stray animals away from your kitchen and dining area.
• Make washing of hands a standard procedure and provide appropriate facilities for both workers and customers.
• The kitchen crew must wear proper clothing (apron, gloves, masks, hair nets).
• Servers also need to wear clean clothing.
• Make trash cans available in designated areas.
• Dispose of garbage frequently and in an orderly manner.
• Have sanitizers available in the kitchen and serving area
• Use electric fans or mosquito coils to keep insects like flies and mosquitoes away.
• Make sure all food served is properly covered with lids, aluminum foil, or cling wrap to avoid contamination.
• Sanitize all kitchen utensils, cutting boards, plates, bowls, and pans in hot water and anti-bacterial solution.
• Store food in sealed containers and incorrect temperature settings.
• Do not transact with suppliers with questionable sources or low-quality materials.
• Clean knives, tongs, spatula and wipe them clean before usage to avoid cross-contamination between meats and other ingredients.
• Sterilize utensils and wipe them clean before access to customers
• Use separate serving spoons for every dish.
• Use separate kitchen equipment for cooked and uncooked ingredients.
• Dispose of used oil properly.
• Throw away food or ingredients if you are unsure of its quality.
• Discard items once they are past their expiry dates.
• Make sure you end the carinderia’s business day with a clean kitchen, utensils and cutlery, dining area, toilet.
• The following day, wash all plates, utensils, and cutlery again.

A carinderia business is a business that requires a lot of work and dedication, so it’s suitable for people who value hard work but have little capital money. It requires the full cooperation of staff and commitment to great experience — food service, food quality, great dining experience, and clean surroundings. That builds up over time and your effort and commitment will bear fruits sooner than you expect. Loyal customers will soon sing praises of your carinderia once you have put in a consistent effort to achieve that great dining experience. Good luck from Pinoy Negosyo!

Download PDF – Carinderia Business Plan

• 9 Filipino Dishes Your Carinderia Should Serve
• 7 Reasons Why You Should Open a Carinderia Business
• Basic Guides on Operating a Carinderia / Catering Business
• 5 Stressful Challenges Carinderia Businesses Often Face
• Refrigerator Buying Guide for Pinoy Business Owners

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Why carinderia businesses fail and how to avoid the same experience.

8 Business Plan Templates You Can Get for Free

8 min. read

Updated April 10, 2024

A business plan template can be an excellent tool to simplify the creation of your business plan. 

The pre-set structure helps you organize ideas, covers all critical business information, and saves you time and effort on formatting.

The only issue? There are SO many free business plan templates out there. 

So, which ones are actually worth using? 

To help remove the guesswork, I’ve rounded up some of the best business plan templates you can access right now. 

These are listed in no particular order, and each has its benefits and drawbacks.

What to look for in a business plan template

Not all business plan templates are created equal. As you weigh your options and decide which template(s) you’ll use, be sure to review them with the following criteria in mind:

• Easy to edit: A template should save you time. That won’t be the case if you have to fuss around figuring out how to edit the document, or even worse, it doesn’t allow you to edit at all.
• Contains the right sections: A good template should cover all essential sections of a business plan , including the executive summary, product/service description, market/competitive analysis, marketing and sales plan, operations, milestones, and financial projections. 
• Provides guidance: You should be able to trust that the information in a template is accurate. That means the organization or person who created the template is highly credible, known for producing useful resources, and ideally has some entrepreneurial experience.
• Software compatibility: Lastly, you want any template to be compatible with the software platforms you use. More than likely, this means it’s available in Microsoft Word, Google Docs, or PDF format at a minimum. 

1. Bplans — A plan with expert guidance

Since you’re already on Bplans, I have to first mention the templates that we have available. 

Our traditional and one-page templates were created by entrepreneurs and business owners with over 80 years of collective planning experience. We revisit and update them annually to ensure they are approachable, thorough, and aligned with our team’s evolving best practices.  

The templates, available in Word, PDF, or Google Doc formats, include in-depth guidance on what to include in each section, expert tips, and links to additional resources. 

Plus, we have over 550 real-world sample business plans you can use for guidance when filling out your template.

Download: Traditional lender-ready business plan template or a simple one-page plan template .

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2. SBA — Introduction to business plans

The U.S. Small Business Administration (SBA) offers two different business plan templates along with a short planning guide. 

While not incredibly in-depth, it’s enough to help you understand how traditional and lean plans are structured and what information needs to be covered. The templates themselves are more like examples, providing you with a finished product to reference as you write your plan.

The key benefit of using these templates is that they were created by the SBA. While they may provide less guidance, you can be assured that the information and structure meet their expectations.

Explore: The SBA’s planning guide and free templates

3. SCORE — Planning workbook

SCORE’s template is more like a workbook. It includes exercises after each section to help you get your ideas down and turn them into a structured plan.

The market research worksheets are especially useful. They provide a clear framework for identifying your target market and analyzing competitors from multiple angles. Plus, they give you an easy way to document all the information you’re collecting.

You will likely have to remove the exercises in this template to make it investor-ready. But it can be worth it if you’re struggling to get past a blank page and want a more interactive planning method.

Download: SCORE’s business plan template

4. PandaDoc — A template with fillable forms

PandaDoc’s library offers a variety of industry-specific business plan templates that feature a modern design flair and concise instructions. 

These templates are designed for sharing. They include fillable fields and sections for non-disclosure agreements, which may be necessary when sending a plan to investors.  

But the real benefit is their compatibility with PandaDoc’s platform. Yes, they are free, but if you’re a PandaDoc subscriber, you’ll have far more customization options. 

Out of all their templates, the standard business plan template is the most in-depth. The rest, while still useful, go a bit lighter on guidance in favor of tailoring the plan to a specific industry.

Explore: PandaDoc’s business plan template library  

5. Canva — Pitch with your plan

Canva is a great option for building a visually stunning business plan that can be used as a pitch tool. It offers a diverse array of templates built by their in-house team and the larger creative community, meaning the number of options constantly grows.

You will need to verify that the information in the template you choose matches the standard structure of a traditional business plan. 

You should do this with any template, but it’s especially important with any tool that accepts community submissions. While they are likely reviewed and approved, there may still be errors.

Remember, you can only edit these templates within Canva. Luckily, you only need a free subscription, and you may just miss out on some of the visual assets being used. 

To get the most value, it may be best to create a more traditional planning document and transfer that information into Canva. 

Explore: Canva’s business plan gallery

6. ClickUp — The collaborative template

Out of all the project management tools that offer free business plan templates, ClickUp’s is the most approachable.

Rather than throwing you into all the features and expecting you to figure it out—ClickUp provides a thorough startup guide with resource links, images, and videos explaining how to write a plan using the tool. 

There’s also a completed sample plan (structured like an expanded one-page plan) for you to reference and see how the more traditional document can connect to the product management features. You can set goals, target dates, leave comments, and even assign tasks to someone else on your team. 

These features are limited to the ClickUp platform and will not be useful for everyone. They will likely get in the way of writing a plan you can easily share with lenders or investors. 

But this is a great option if you’re looking for a template that makes internal collaboration more fluid and keeps all your information in one place.

Sign Up: Get a free trial of ClickUp and explore their template library

7. Smartsheet — A wide variety of templates

I’m including Smartsheet’s library of templates on this list because of the sheer number of options they provide. 

They have a simple business plan template, a one-page plan, a fill-in-the-blank template, a plan outline, a plan grading rubric, and even an Excel-built project plan. All are perfectly usable and vary in visual style, depth of instructions, and the available format.

Honestly, the only drawback (which is also the core benefit) is that the amount of templates can be overwhelming. If you’re already uncertain which plan option is right for you, the lengthy list they provide may not provide much clarity.

At the same time, it can be a great resource if you want a one-stop shop to view multiple plan types.

Explore: Smartsheet’s business plan template library  

8. ReferralRock affiliate marketing business plan

I’m adding ReferralRock’s template to this list due to its specificity. 

It’s not your standard business plan template. The plan is tailored with specific sections and guidance around launching an affiliate marketing business. 

Most of the template is dedicated to defining how to choose affiliates, set commissions, create legal agreements, and track performance.

So, if you plan on starting an affiliate marketing business or program, this template will provide more specific guidance. Just know that you will likely need to reference additional resources when writing the non-industry sections of your plan.

Download: ReferralRock affiliate marketing business plan template

Does it matter what business plan template you use?

The short answer is no. As long as the structure is correct, it saves you time, and it helps you write your business plan , then any template will work. 

What it ultimately comes down to, is what sort of value you hope to get from the template. 

• Do you need more guidance? 
• A simple way to structure your plan? 
• An option that works with a specific tool?
• A way to make your plan more visually interesting?

Hopefully, this list has helped you hone in on an option that meets one (or several) of these needs. Still, it may be worth downloading a few of these templates to determine the right fit. 

And really, what matters most is that you spend time writing a business plan . It will help you avoid early mistakes, determine if you have a viable business, and fully consider what it will take to get up and running. 

If you need additional guidance, check out our library of planning resources . We cover everything from plan formats , to how to write a business plan, and even how to use it as a management tool . 

If you don’t want to waste time researching other templates, you can download our one-page or traditional business plan template and jump right into the planning process.

See why 1.2 million entrepreneurs have written their business plans with LivePlan

Kody Wirth is a content writer and SEO specialist for Palo Alto Software—the creator's of Bplans and LivePlan. He has 3+ years experience covering small business topics and runs a part-time content writing service in his spare time.

Table of Contents

• Qualities of a good template
• ReferralRock
• Does the template matter?

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Prudential Regulation Authority Business Plan 2024/25

Related links related links.

• PRA annual reports and business plans
• CP4/24 – Regulated fees and levies: Rates proposals 2024/25

Maintain and build on the safety and soundness of the banking and insurance sectors, and ensure continuing resilience

Be at the forefront of identifying new and emerging risks, and developing international policy

Support competitive and dynamic markets, alongside facilitating international competitiveness and growth, in the sectors that we regulate, run an inclusive, efficient, and modern regulator within the central bank, the pra’s strategy.

Our strategy for 2024/25 will be delivered through our strategic goals, extracts of which are below. For the full detail of our workplan against each strategic priorities, see pages 10 to 41 of this Business Plan . 

Foreword by Chief Executive Sam Woods

Sam Woods Deputy Governor, Prudential Regulation Chief Executive of the PRA

First, this will be our first full year operating under the Financial Services and Markets Act (FSMA 2023), which established a new, post-Brexit regulatory framework for the UK. FSMA 2023 expanded our rulemaking responsibilities and gave us a new secondary objective to support the competitiveness and growth of the United Kingdom.

Competitiveness and growth have always been important considerations for the PRA. Nonetheless, this new objective represents a significant change, and embedding it into our approach has been a major priority for the organisation as a whole, and for me personally as CEO. That effort will continue this year.

Our business plan includes a range of initiatives aimed squarely at promoting the UK’s competitiveness and growth. Some of the most significant are:

• Our ‘Strong and Simple’ project, which aims to simplify regulatory requirements for smaller banks, thus reducing compliance burdens without compromising on strong standards.
• The ‘Solvency UK’ reforms of insurance capital standards, which will reduce bureaucracy in the regulatory regime, while also allowing insurers to invest in a wider range of productive assets.
• The Banking Data Review, which aims to reduce burdens on firms by focusing our data collection on the most useful and relevant information.
• Improvements to our authorisation processes – we have made significant progress in improving the speed and efficiency of authorisations without sacrificing the robustness of our controls; maintaining this progress will be a key focus for next year.
• Reforms to ring-fencing, following the independent review led by Sir Keith Skeoch.

The second point I want to highlight is our ongoing programme of work to maintain the resilience of the UK’s banking and insurance sectors, which is at the heart of our role. The events of 2023 (including the high-profile failures of Silicon Valley Bank (SVB) and Credit Suisse (CS)) demonstrate the importance of a focus on resilience – and while I am encouraged by how the UK banking and insurance sectors have remained stable through a stressful period, we cannot take this for granted.

A major priority this year will be the implementation of the Basel 3.1 standards, which will complete the long process of post-financial crisis regulatory reform. While I expect the capital impact of these reforms to be limited for UK banks, they will nonetheless play a vital role in maintaining sufficient consistency in risk measurement across firms and jurisdictions – which is the cornerstone of the bank capital regime.

Another major priority this year will be ensuring firms have adequate standards of operational and cyber resilience. Following FSMA 2023, we have new powers to oversee the services provided to regulated firms by so-called ‘critical third parties’, and we will be implementing that regime over the coming year. And in March 2025 we will reach an important milestone with the full implementation of our wider operational resilience policy.

The day-to-day work of supervision will continue alongside these reforms. As always, our supervisory teams continue to work with PRA-regulated firms to ensure high standards of financial and operational resilience, governance, risk management, and controls. Stress testing remains a key element of our approach to resilience, and alongside colleagues from the wider Bank of England we will deliver a desk-based stress test of banks, and a system-wide exploratory scenario, in 2024. We will also work towards the next round of insurance stress tests in 2025.

I have really only scratched the surface of the work we are doing this year, as you can see from a glance at this document’s contents page. In order to deliver this work, we will need to run an efficient and effective regulator, and I am particularly excited by the potential of our data and analytics agenda to create new opportunities to improve how we work. And if past years are anything to go by, we will continue to engage with innovation in many forms across the industry, whether in the form of new entrants or new approaches to doing business in areas like digital money.

I am very much looking forward to the challenges that the next year will bring, and to working together with a team of very committed colleagues at the PRA to deliver on this business plan.

11 April 2024

Overview of responsibilities and approach

The PRA has two primary objectives: a general objective to promote the safety and soundness of PRA-authorised persons, and an objective specific to insurance firms for the protection of policyholders.

The PRA has two secondary objectives:

• the competition objective, which is focused on facilitating effective competition in the markets for services provided by PRA-authorised persons in carrying on regulated activities; and
• the competitiveness and growth objective, which is focused on facilitating, subject to alignment with relevant international standards, (a) the international competitiveness of the economy of the UK (including, in particular, the financial services sector through the contribution of PRA-authorised persons), and (b) its growth in the medium to long term.

In its December 2022 recommendations letter to the Prudential Regulation Committee (PRC), HM Treasury (HMT) set out aspects of the Government’s economic policy to which the PRA must have regard, while building on the important themes of openness, competitiveness, competition, and innovation, as well as delivering energy security and net zero.

In December 2023, the PRA published a consultation paper (CP)27/23 – The Prudential Regulation Authority’s approach to policy , which sets out the PRA’s approach to policymaking as it takes on expanded rule-making powers introduced through FSMA 2023. These expanded powers will enable the PRA to replace relevant assimilated law (previously known as retained EU law) with PRA rules and other policy material, and move towards a more British system of regulation, with most of the technical rules made by independent UK regulators within a framework set by Parliament. In addition, FSMA 2023 introduces new accountability measures that require the PRA to keep its rules under review , and to establish a Cost Benefit Analysis (CBA) Panel composed of external members, which will scrutinise and provide input into the PRA’s CBA framework. These measures should enable the PRA to deliver policies that are well suited to the UK’s financial sector. In addition:

• In December 2023, the PRA took a significant step towards implementing the remaining Basel III standards in the UK by publishing the first of two near-final sets of rules with policy statement (PS)17/23 – Implementation of the Basel 3.1 standards near-final part 1 , which takes account of responses received to CP16/22 . The near-final rules aim to promote the safety and soundness of PRA-regulated firms and support their international competitiveness by making capital ratios more consistent, comparable, and aligned with international standards. The PRA will publish its second near-final policy statement in 2024 Q2 on the remaining aspects of the Basel 3.1 package, which include credit risk, the output floor, reporting, and disclosure requirements. The PRA plans to implement the Basel 3.1 standards over a 4.5-year transitional period beginning on 1 July 2025 and ending on 1 January 2030. Among other things, the PRA will also continue to support international efforts to monitor and promote the implementation of Basel 3.1.
• In December 2023, the PRA published PS15/23 – The Strong and Simple Framework: Scope Criteria, Liquidity and Disclosure Requirements , taking account of feedback to CP4/23 . The policy addresses liquidity and disclosure requirements for Simpler-regime Firms and Pillar 3 remuneration disclosure. The PRA will move further towards finalising and implementing the Strong and Simple prudential framework for Small Domestic Deposit Takers (SDDTs) during 2024. footnote [1]
• Following the publication of discussion paper (DP)3/22 – Operational resilience: Critical third parties to the UK financial sector , in December 2023, the PRA published CP26/23 , jointly with the Bank of England (‘the Bank’) and FCA (‘the supervisory authorities’). CP26/23 sets out the supervisory authorities’ proposed requirements for critical third parties (CTPs), footnote [2] including the mechanism for identifying potential CTPs, recommending them for designation by HMT, incident notification triggers and requirements, and proposed CTP Fundamental Rules. In 2024, the PRA will continue to work with the supervisory and other authorities to develop the final policy and oversight approach.
• In September 2023, the PRA published CP19/23 – Review of Solvency II: Reform of the Matching Adjustment , which marks a significant milestone in the PRA's reforms to the Solvency II regime for the UK insurance market. Following the publication of PS2/24 – Review of Solvency II: Adapting to the UK insurance market and PS3/24 – Review of Solvency II: Reporting and disclosure phase 2 near-final , the PRA will publish its final rules, subject to alignment with anticipated legislation, in 2024.

The PRA’s objectives and priorities are delivered through regulation and supervision, and by developing standards and policies that set out expectations of firms. The PRA’s approach to supervision is forward-looking, judgement-based, and focused on the issues and firms that pose the greatest risk to the stability of the UK financial system and policyholders. This approach is set out in the  PRA’s approach to supervision of the banking and insurance sectors .

The PRA’s regulatory focus is primarily at the individual firm and sector level, with the most important decisions taken by the PRC, which works with the Bank’s other areas of remit, including its role as supervisor of Financial Market Infrastructures (FMIs), the UK’s Resolution Authority, and its committees, including the Financial Policy Committee (FPC), which has responsibility for the stability of the entire UK financial system. The PRA also works closely with the Financial Conduct Authority (FCA), including through the Chief Executive of the PRA being a member of the FCA Board and the Chief Executive of the FCA being a member of the PRC.

The PRA regulates 1,330 firms and groups. footnote [3] These consist of 730 deposit-takers (banks, building societies, credit unions, and designated investment firms footnote [4] (DIFs)), and 600 insurers of all types (general insurers, life insurers, friendly societies, mutuals, the London market, and insurance special purpose vehicles (ISPVs)).

Chart 1: PRA supervised deposit-takers, as at January 2024

Chart 2: pra supervised insurers, as at january 2024, the pra’s strategy, shaping the pra’s strategy.

Each year, the PRA is required by law footnote [5] to review and, if necessary, revise its strategy in line with its statutory objectives:

• the general primary objective to promote the safety and soundness of PRA-authorised firms;
• specifically for insurance firms, a primary objective to contribute to the securing of an appropriate degree of protection for those who are or may become policyholders;
• a secondary objective to act, so far as is reasonably possible, in a way that facilitates effective competition in the markets for services provided by PRA-authorised firms; and
• a new secondary objective to act, so far as reasonably possible, in a way that facilitates the UK economy’s international competitiveness and its growth over the medium to long term, subject to alignment with international standards.

In addition to the statutory objectives, the PRA’s strategy is shaped by other responsibilities, such as the requirement to implement legislation and other changes necessary to meet international standards, and to continue to adapt to market changes in areas such as financial technology (FinTech), climate change, and digitalisation.

When considering how to advance its objectives, there are a set of regulatory principles to which the PRA must also have regard. This includes regulatory principles from FSMA 2000, and considerations from HMT’s December 2022 letter to the PRC on the Government’s economic policy, the Equality Act 2010, the Legislative and Regulatory Reform Act 2006, and the Natural Environment and Rural Communities Act 2006. In its pursuit of its objectives, the PRA will review all the regulatory principles, identify which are significant to the proposed policy, and judge the extent to which they should influence the outcome being sought.

Furthermore, as part of the Bank, the PRA contributes to the delivery of the Bank’s wider financial stability and monetary policy objectives, for example by:

• maintaining and, where appropriate, strengthening or updating prudential standards;
• being at the forefront of identifying new and emerging risks, and developing international policy; and
• ensuring that banks and other financial institutions can continue to provide essential services.

Strategic priorities for 2024/25

This year’s business plan continues to be structured around the PRA’s four strategic priorities, as set out in its 2023/24 Business Plan . The PRA’s strategic priorities for 2024/25 will remain unchanged because the PRA updated its priorities in 2023 to take account of its new powers, new secondary objective, and expanded role brought about by FSMA 2023. The strategic priorities for 2024/25 are to:

• maintain and build on the safety and soundness of the banking and insurance sectors, and ensure continuing resilience;
• be at the forefront of identifying new and emerging risks, and developing international policy;
• support competitive and dynamic markets, alongside facilitating international competitiveness and growth, in the sectors that we regulate; and
• run an inclusive, efficient, and modern regulator within the central bank.

PRA Business Plan 2024/25

Maintain and build on the safety and soundness of the banking and insurance sectors and ensure continuing resilience.

During the decade following the financial crisis of 2007-09, the PRA designed and implemented extensive reforms that materially improved the safety and soundness of firms, insurance policyholder protection, and financial stability. Since then, the robust regulatory standards that the PRA has implemented and its strong international collaboration have played a key role in maintaining the resilience of the banking and insurance sectors, consistent with its objectives and those of the FPC. The PRA will continue to ensure that the firms it regulates remain adequately capitalised and have sufficient liquidity and stable funding profiles, with appropriately defined impact tolerances for disruption to their business services. The PRA’s regulatory framework encourages PRA-regulated firms to take a holistic approach to managing risks by identifying, monitoring, and taking action to remove or reduce systemic risks.

The PRA’s role as a rulemaker was further expanded following the introduction of FSMA 2023. Under the new regulatory framework , the PRA will continue to be a strong, accountable, responsive, and accessible policymaker, and make rules to meet its regulatory obligations, while adopting a risk-based approach, as set out in CP27/23 , in a way that is tailored to the specific features of financial services in the UK. Among other things, the PRA will continue to faithfully implement agreed international standards and reforms in a way that best serves the UK. For example, in 2024 the PRA will publish its final rules on the implementation of the Basel 3.1 standards and on replacing relevant and/or remaining firm-facing Solvency II requirements from assimilated law with the PRA’s own rules, which will become part of the PRA’s Rulebook and other policy materials. In addition, the PRA will move further towards finalising and implementing the Strong and Simple prudential framework , which provides a simpler but robust set of prudential rules for non-systemic, domestic-focused banks and building societies in the UK.

The PRA will also continue to pay particular attention to the business opportunities and threats that are posed by changes in the economic environment, both in the UK and other jurisdictions, that could pose risks to the UK.

The PRA will continue to promote a strong risk culture among regulated firms, including a conscious and controlled approach to risk taking activities, and ensure that this is supported by adequate financial and non-financial resources. At the same time, the PRA will maintain a robust regulatory regime that is able to respond to the external factors that pose the greatest risk to firms’ safety and soundness.

Risk factors also include global geopolitical risks, which have intensified over the past year. The PRA will continue to ensure that PRA-regulated firms are resilient to such risks by liaising with both domestic and international regulatory counterparts and continuing to monitor and engage with affected firms. Effective international collaboration remains central to addressing global risks and maintaining UK financial stability as well as the safety and soundness of internationally active firms.

The PRA will monitor and assess firms’ ability to manage cyber threats through the ongoing use of threat-led penetration testing ( CBEST and STAR-FS ) and the cyber questionnaire ( CQUEST ). In collaboration with the FCA, including in response to known technology, cyber and third-party incidents, the PRA will continue to monitor and engage with firms on their execution of large and complex IT change programmes. Furthermore, the FPC’s cyber stress testing has broadened the PRA’s understanding of how operational disruptions such as cyberattacks may affect financial stability.

The PRA will continue to engage in collective action to develop a view on sector-wide risks, support the building of firm- and sector-level resilience, and enhance the sector’s ability to respond to system-wide disruption. This will include ongoing sector engagement through the Cross-Market Operational Resilience Group (CMORG), which delivers industry guidance, response capabilities, and technical solutions, and through cross-jurisdictional coordination via the G7 Cyber Experts Group (CEG). Through CMORG, the PRA will deliver a sector-wide simulation exercise (SIMEX24) to assess the sector’s resilience to major operational disruption. The PRA will continue to develop its ability to respond to operational incidents in the sector through its authorities ( Authorities Response Framework ) and sector ( Cross Market Business Continuity Group ) response mechanisms.

Financial resilience – banking

Implementation of the basel 3.1 standards.

In March 2023, the PRA concluded its consultation on proposals published in November 2022 about the parts of the Basel III standards that remain to be implemented in the UK (‘Basel 3.1’). In September 2023, the PRA announced that it would split the publication of the near-final Basel 3.1 rules in two, moving implementation back by six months to 1 July 2025 to reduce the transitional period to 4.5 years and ensure full implementation by 1 January 2030, in line with the proposals set out in CP16/22. The first near-final PS17/23 – Implementation of the Basel 3.1 standards near-final part 1 , covering market risk, credit valuation adjustment risk, counterparty credit risk, and operational risk, was published in December 2023. The PRA will publish the second near-final PS, covering the remaining elements of credit risk, the output floor, as well as Pillar 3 disclosure and reporting requirements, in due course.

The near-final rules from the two PSs will be made final once Parliament has revoked the relevant parts of the Capital Requirements Regulation (CRR). The PRA expects this to happen later in 2024. In addition to finalising Basel 3.1 rules, the PRA will continue to increase its supervisory focus on firms’ implementation plans.

Bank stress testing

The concurrent stress testing of firms is one of the key tools used by the PRA and the Bank to support their microprudential and macroprudential objectives. Banking stress tests examine the potential impact of a hypothetical scenario on the major UK banks and building societies that make up the banking system, and on the system as a whole. The PRA normally runs two types of banking stress test – the annual cyclical scenario and other exploratory scenarios.

In 2024, the PRA will support the Bank in taking stock of and updating its framework for concurrent bank stress testing. The stocktake will draw on lessons from the first decade of concurrent stress testing, and so ensure that the framework continues to support the FPC and PRC in meeting its objectives. The PRA will also contribute to supporting the Bank’s desk-based stress test in 2024, which is being conducted in place of an ACS. The desk-based exercise will make use of the PRA’s risk expertise along with models developed in the PRA and elsewhere in the Bank to test the financial resilience of the UK banking system under more than one adverse macroeconomic scenario. Stress testing exercises involving firm submissions of stressed projections are currently expected to resume in 2025.

In addition, the Bank is conducting a system-wide exploratory scenario (SWES), working closely with and with the full support of the PRA, FCA, and TPR (The Pensions Regulator). The exercise was launched in June 2023 and aims to improve the understanding of the behaviours of banks and non-bank financial institutions (NBFI) in stressed financial market conditions. The participating firms in this exercise are representative of markets that are core to UK financial stability.

Private equity and credit

The evolving macro environment is expected to challenge firms’ approach to risk management, increasing the need for robust governance, risk management, and controls. One area of focus for the PRA will be exposures to NBFI, particularly any challenges that may manifest around the trend toward illiquid private equity financing and private credit. The PRA will continue to closely monitor private asset financing and the way that firms consider the risks they could face from these activities. In particular, the PRA will look for further improvements in firms’ ability to identify and assess correlations across financing activities with multiple clients.

Replacing assimilated law

HMT has prioritised the CRR as one of the initial areas of focus in the process of transferring assimilated law into the supervisory authorities’ rules and legislation following the enactment of FSMA 2023. The latter granted the PRA expanded rulemaking powers to replace assimilated law with PRA rules, thereby moving towards a more British system of regulation. In 2024/25, the PRA will consult on proposed rules to replace, with modifications where appropriate, the relevant firm-facing provisions in Part Two of the CRR.

Model risk management (MRM) and internal ratings-based approach/hybrid models

Banks’ use of and reliance on models and scenario analysis to assess future risks has increased significantly over the past decade. The introduction of new, sophisticated modelling techniques – including the potential use of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning (AI/ML) – has highlighted the need for sound model governance and effective model risk management practices.

In 2023, the PRA published a supervisory statement (SS)1/23 – Model risk management principles for banks , which applies to firms with internal model (IM) approval to calculate regulatory capital requirements. It is structured around five high-level principles that set out the core disciplines necessary for a robust model risk management framework to manage model risk effectively across all model and risk types. The adoption of these principles will help banks to develop good practices of model risk management, raising prudential standards at banks operating in the UK. The new policy comes into effect on 17 May 2024. Banks within the scope of the policy are expected to conduct an initial self-assessment against these principles, and, where relevant, prepare remediation plans to address any identified shortcomings.

During 2024, the PRA will focus on how banks are embedding and implementing the expectations set out in SS1/23. In particular, the PRA will seek to understand the extent to which banks’ management teams are adopting the principles and promoting the management of model risk as a risk discipline in its own right across their firms.

The PRA has published a range of policy statements on changes to the internal ratings-based (IRB) approach to credit risk over recent years. footnote [6] The PRA will continue to work with firms as they progress their model approval and review submissions in line with these requirements and expectations. The PRA will focus on the ‘hybrid’ approach to mortgage modelling, and the IRB repair programme, both carried forward from previous years.

Where appropriate, firms are holding post-model adjustments (PMAs) in the form of risk-weighted asset (RWA) add-ons, helping to mitigate potential capital underestimation while they develop their new models. During 2024, the PRA will continue to assess the adequacy of the PMAs to ensure any potential capital underestimation is addressed.

Liquidity risk management

The events of 2023 brought a further focus on the liquidity and funding risks faced by deposit takers, in particular the deposit outflows experienced by CS and SVB leading up to their acquisition and resolution, respectively.

The PRA will continue its close supervision of firms’ liquidity and funding risks in light of recent stresses. Through its ongoing supervision of banks and building societies, the PRA will follow up on how firms are taking account of the lessons they learnt from the events at CS and SVB. The PRA will continue to use its regular programme of Liquidity Supervisory Review and Evaluation Processes (L-SREPs) across PRA-authorised firms to assess their liquidity and funding risks, in quantitative and qualitative terms, and to ensure appropriate financial and non-financial resources are in place to manage and mitigate these risks.

The PRA will also continue to engage with firms and within the wider Bank on PRA-authorised firms’ access to the Bank’s Sterling Monetary Framework .

The PRA will also monitor closely how firms consider changes in depositor behaviour in the current funding environment and proactively take into consideration forthcoming changes in bank funding and liquidity conditions. footnote [7]

Credit risk management

The PRA is closely monitoring firms’ credit risk management practices given the uncertain credit risk outlook across key markets. The PRA’s assessment will include a focus on how credit risk management practices have evolved – in particular, how they can remain robust and adaptable to changing conditions, whether there is appropriate consideration of downside and contagion risks, as well as firms’ monitoring and planning for the impacts of customer refinancing. The PRA will undertake a thematic review of smaller firms’ credit risk management frameworks during 2024/25.

The PRA will monitor changes to firms’ business mix and credit exposures, and continue to monitor vulnerable segments, including cyclical sectors and key international portfolios, as well as traditionally higher-risk portfolios such as buy-to-let, credit cards, unsecured personal loans, small to medium-sized enterprises, leveraged lending, and commercial real estate. In addition, counterparty credit risk will remain a key area of supervisory focus through 2024, especially exposures to NBFI across certain business lines.

Separately, in 2024, the PRA will continue to progress its review of regulatory policies to assess whether the policy framework for trading book risk management, controls, and culture is adequate, robust, and accessible.

The UK banking system is well capitalised. However, the overall operating and risk environment remains challenging, and firms must manage their financial resilience to ensure that the financial sector can continue to support businesses and households. The PRA will continue to assess firms’ capital positions and planning, including firms’ use of forward-looking capital indicators, stress testing, and contingency plans.

The PRA intends to review its Pillar 2A methodologies (see section ‘Review of the Pillar 2 framework’ of PS17/23 ) for banks after the rules on Basel 3.1 are finalised, with a view to consulting on any proposed changes in 2025.

Securitisation regulation

HMT has prioritised the Securitisation Regulation as one of the initial areas of focus in the process of transferring assimilated law into regulatory rules and legislation following the enactment of FSMA 2023. The PRA will publish its final policy (simultaneously with the FCA) on final rules to replace or modify the relevant firm-facing provisions in the Securitisation Regulation and related Technical Standards in 2024-25.

The PRA also intends to consult on draft PRA rules to replace firm-facing requirements, subject to HMT making the necessary legislation. The PRA has gathered views and evidence from firms through DP3/23 – Securitisation: capital requirements , which will inform its approach to capital requirements for securitisation.

Financial resilience – insurers

Solvency uk implementation.

In June 2024, the PRA will publish its final policy on the matching adjustment (MA) reforms set out in CP19/23 – Review of Solvency II: Reform of the Matching Adjustment . The majority of these reforms will take effect from end-June to allow PRA-authorised firms to take immediate advantage of new investment opportunities. The remaining Solvency II reforms consulted upon in CP12/23 – Review of Solvency II: Adapting to the UK insurance market will take effect on 31 December 2024.

To facilitate implementation of the reforms consulted on in CP12/23 and CP19/23, the PRA will streamline the application processes for new internal model permissions and variations of existing permissions. There will be similar proposals for MA permissions, if the final policy is the same as set out in the CP. The PRA remains committed to assessing and providing decisions on applications for permissions as quickly as possible and aims to do this within the timescales published in the associated statements of policy. This will be supported by the establishment of dedicated, specialised teams for reviewing applications.

In practice, delivering timely decisions will in part depend on good engagement between firms and the PRA during the application process, and on the preparation of high-quality and complete applications by firms. To facilitate this, the PRA will publish templates for use by firms , including templates for reporting the updated Matching Adjustment Asset and Liability Information Return (MALIR) and the Analysis of Change (AoC) and Quarterly Model Change (QMC) for internal models. These measures are intended to assist with a smooth transition to the Solvency UK regime.

A variety of proposals were made in responses to CP19/23 to further reform the MA in the form of so-called ‘sandboxes’, which would allow an element of self-certification of eligibility, or a route to further expand eligibility in response to innovations in primary financing markets. In 2024, the PRA will explore these proposals with industry with the goal of determining whether they can be developed into schemes that further advance the objectives of the Solvency II review.

Solvency II reporting reforms

To deliver the regulatory reporting and disclosure reforms consulted on in CP14/22 and CP12/23 , the PRA published PS3/24 – Review of Solvency II: Reporting and disclosure phase 2 near-final , including finalised templates and instruction files. The PRA will also publish a finalised single taxonomy package in 2024 Q2, which encompasses proposals in CP14/22 and CP12/23 , and deletions published in PS29/21 . The PRA will engage with firms, including through industry roundtables, to prepare them in meeting the new reporting requirements coming into force from 31 December 2024.

Solvency II transfer

The PRA will publish a CP in 2024 H1 that will set out how it will transfer the remaining Solvency II requirements from assimilated law into the PRA Rulebook and other policy material such as supervisory statements or statements of policy (‘the UK framework’).

This will provide a more comprehensive Rulebook and will make it easier for firms to access and navigate the rules that apply to them.

Insurance stress testing

Stress testing forms an important part of the PRA’s supervisory approach and risk assessment of insurance firms, helping to assess and identify the vulnerabilities of life and general insurance sectors to a range of risks in different scenarios.

Major life insurers participate in regular and concurrent stress testing prescribed by the PRA, and the next test will take place in 2025. For the first time, the PRA will publish the individual results of the largest annuity-writing firms to help inform stakeholders about the level of firms’ resilience in the scenarios set out, and thereby strengthen market discipline.

The PRA will continue to engage with the industry on the technical, operational, and communication aspects of the stress test, and will publish an approach document for the life insurance stress test 2025. The 2025 test will for the first time include an exploratory scenario to assess exposure to the recapture of funded reinsurance contracts.

For general insurers, the PRA has previously conducted four general insurance stress test exercises between 2015 and 2022. In 2025, the PRA will run its first dynamic stress test . The objectives of the exercise will be to:

• assess the industry’s solvency and liquidity resilience to a specific adverse scenario;
• assess the effectiveness of insurers’ risk management and management actions following an adverse scenario; and
• inform the PRA’s supervisory response following a market-wide adverse scenario.

The dynamic nature of the 2025 exercise represents a significant change from previous exercises and will involve simulating a sequential set of adverse events over a short period of time. The PRA has begun engaging with industry trade bodies and will provide more details of this exercise (including participation, design, and timelines) during 2024. Results of this exercise will be disclosed at an aggregate industry level.

Cyber underwriting risk

As the scope of technology continues to expand globally, cyber underwriting risk has become increasingly relevant, as reflected in the actual and planned growth of cyber insurance within the UK sector. As well as being inherently volatile and systemic in nature, cyber underwriting risk is diverse in how it can manifest in different lines of business.

Given the uncertainty of this risk, robust risk management, risk appetite-setting, and stress testing will be important factors in ensuring that capital and exposure management capabilities reflect firms’ actual exposures.

Monitoring and assessing cyber underwriting risk will be at the core of the PRA’s supervisory focus, particularly for firms with material exposures. The PRA will share the aggregate findings of its recent thematic project focused on cyber underwriting risk with industry, and continue to monitor the risk landscape and market dynamics to identify and assess potential risk drivers, including areas such as contract (un)certainty risk.

Model drift

The PRA will continue its scrutiny of internal models used by insurers to calculate capital requirements and aid risk management, to identify potential trends in the strength of firms’ calibrations, and as an indicator of the effectiveness of firms’ risk management.

In its 2023 model drift analysis , the PRA identified a number of findings across firms using internal models within the non-life sector. These are related to levels of allowances for inflation uncertainty, potential optimism in expected underwriting profits, potential optimism in the cost and benefit of reinsurance, and the limited allowance for economic and geopolitical uncertainties.

In 2024, the PRA will address perceived systemic trends that may weaken the robustness of models used across the market as a whole. The PRA will also focus on specific model drift within individual firms, with an emphasis on improving the effectiveness of internal model validation, so that firms can develop the capability to self-identify and address potential challenges.

Funded reinsurance

In 2024, the PRA will continue to pay close attention to the rapidly increasing use of funded reinsurance transactions in the UK life insurance market, and the risks that the growth in their use may pose to policyholder protection and UK financial stability. The PRA is particularly focused on the risk of an erosion in standards for assets used as collateral in these transactions, and individual and sectoral concentrated exposures to correlated, credit-focused counterparties.

As well as preparing to examine exposures to the recapture of funded reinsurance in the 2025 life insurance stress test, in 2024. The PRA will also, subject to responses to CP24/23 – Funded reinsurance , finalise and implement its policy expectations for UK life insurers that use funded reinsurance arrangements. As stated in the PRA’s letter on ‘ Insurance supervision: 2024 priorities ’, these policy expectations will cover how firms should manage risks associated with funded reinsurance at both individual transaction and at aggregate level. This will include the expectation that firms place limits on their activities to ensure sound risk management.

Impact on general and claims inflation

Claims inflation continues to be a significant risk for general insurers. Following a thematic review, the PRA published a Dear Chief Actuary letter in June 2023 setting out its findings that, while reserves have increased, there remains material uncertainty and the potential for excessive optimism with respect to reserving, pricing, and capital and reinsurance planning.

The PRA expects a continued lag in the emergence of claims inflation in the data, which insurers should be alert to. The PRA will continue to monitor the ongoing impact through the regulatory data collected and supervisory activities throughout 2024. Should the PRA’s assessment of this risk change, further focused work may be considered.

Market-wide stresses in March 2020 and September 2022 highlighted gaps in insurers’ liquidity risk management frameworks and, consequently, the importance of having comparable, accurate, and timely information on insurers’ liquidity. The PRA will build on the existing liquidity framework, currently based on risk management expectations set out in SS5/19 – Liquidity risk management for insurers , and develop liquidity reporting requirements for insurance firms most exposed to liquidity risk. The information collected will be used to supervise firms’ liquidity positions more effectively and produce meaningful peer comparisons. The PRA will work closely with firms to inform them about its development of these requirements and explore the necessity of a minimum liquidity requirement as part of a future policy consultation.

In addition, the Bank has signalled its intention to develop a new lending tool for eligible NBFIs to help tackle future episodes of severe dysfunction in core markets that threaten UK financial stability. The development of the PRA’s approach to supervising liquidity will therefore inform the design of the lending tool as it relates to insurers.

The reforms to Solvency II offer life insurers opportunities to expand the range of credit risk assets that are used to back their annuity liabilities, and enable them to meet their commitment to invest in assets that contribute to the productivity of the economy and the transition to net zero. These opportunities require sophisticated credit risk management, and insurers’ capabilities will remain a key focus. Increased activity in the bulk purchase annuity (BPA) market is expected to lead to further growth in firms’ exposure to credit risk, and potentially to concentrations in exposure to internally valued and rated assets.

The PRA will continue to focus on the effectiveness of firms’ credit risk management capabilities and seek further assurance that firms’ internal credit assessments appropriately reflect the risk profile of their asset holdings. The PRA will assess how firms’ credit risk management frameworks are evolving in line with its supervisory expectations, and also review the suitability of firms’ current and forward-looking internal credit assessment validation plans and approaches. In both cases, the PRA will seek to provide feedback on a firm-specific or thematic basis as appropriate.

Regulatory reforms

Operational risk and resilience (including the implementation of the critical third-party regime).

Operational disruption can impact financial stability, threaten the safety and soundness of individual firms and financial market infrastructures, or cause harm to consumers, policyholders, and other parts of the financial system. The PRA defines operational resilience as the ability of firms and the financial sector to prevent, respond to, recover, and learn from operational disruptions, including cyber threats.

The FCA, Bank, and PRA’s operational resilience policies came into force in March 2022 . Firms have now identified their most important business services, set impact tolerances, and commenced a programme of scenario testing. The PRA will continue to work closely with the FCA to assess firms’ progress, with a particular focus on the ability of firms to deliver important business services within defined impact tolerances during severe but plausible scenarios over a reasonable time frame, and no later than March 2025.

The PRA will also continue to monitor threats to firms’ resilience, including their growing dependency on third parties, while respecting the principle of proportionality.

Critical third parties to the UK financial sector

Section 312L of FSMA 2023 gave HMT the power to designate certain third-party service providers as ‘critical’ if they provide services to the financial sector, which, if disrupted or subject to failure, could cause financial stability concerns or risks to the confidence in the UK’s financial system. Prior to designating these parties, HMT must consult with the Bank, PRA, and FCA (the authorities the Act appoints as Regulators of the new regime). FSMA 2023 also gives the Regulators new powers to oversee the services provided by critical third parties (CTPs) to regulated firms. In December 2023, the PRA, Bank, and FCA jointly published CP26/23 – Operational resilience: Critical third parties to the UK financial sector , proposing how these powers could be used to assess and strengthen the resilience of services provided by CTPs to firms and FMIs, thereby reducing the risk of systemic disruption. The PRA will continue to work with other authorities to develop the final policy and oversight approach in 2024.

Additionally, the PRA is developing regulatory expectations on incident reporting, aligned with its operational resilience expectations.

Review of enforcement policies

Enforcement supports and supplements the PRA’s regulatory and supervisory tools by ensuring that it has credible mechanisms for holding regulated firms to account when they do not meet requirements and expectations. Enforcement policies also provide a wider deterrent effect. The PRA is therefore committed to holding individuals to account and, when appropriate, taking regulatory and/or enforcement action against those individuals that breach its standards. The PRA clearly sets out, for the benefit of the whole regulated community, the actions and standards of behaviour that are considered unacceptable ( The Bank of England’s approach to enforcement ).

In January 2024, following a review of its policies and public consultation, the PRA published PS1/24 – The Bank of England's approach to enforcement , which sets out the revised approach to enforcement across the Bank’s full remit (including when acting as the PRA).

The PRA is committed to conducting any enforcement investigations as promptly and efficiently as possible. In line with that aim, PS1/24 introduced a new Early Account Scheme (EAS or ‘the Scheme’), which provides for a new path for early cooperation and greater incentives for early admissions with the aim of reaching outcomes more quickly in specific cases.

Diversity and inclusion in PRA-regulated firms

Enhancing diversity and inclusion (D&I) can support better governance, decision-making, and risk management in firms by reducing groupthink and promoting a culture that allows employees to feel able to speak up and challenge the status quo.

In September 2023, the PRA published CP18/23 – Diversity and inclusion in PRA-regulated firms . Under the proposals, all in-scope firms would need to understand their D&I position, develop appropriate strategies to make meaningful progress, and monitor and report on progress. The proposals are flexible and carefully tailored to recognise that firms are at different stages of their work on D&I, and, most importantly, are best placed to develop their own D&I solutions.

The PRA also outlined that the proposals in CP18/23 contribute towards its secondary objectives of ensuring effective competition and facilitating competitiveness and growth, because enhanced D&I can help support greater innovation and make firms more attractive in the labour market.

In 2024, the PRA will continue its industry engagement, assess responses to CP18/23, and provide a further update in due course.

The PRA maintains flexibility to adapt and respond to changes in the external environment, economic and market developments, and any other risks that may affect its statutory objectives or priorities. The PRA has continued to use its horizon-scanning programme to achieve the following aims:

• identify emerging external risks, regulatory arbitrage, and potentially dangerous practices;
• highlight features of the regulatory regime that are not yet delivering the desired results; and
• allocate supervisory and policy resources to tackling the highest-priority risks in a timely manner.

Consistent with its mission, the PRA will continue to contribute to lessons learned internationally, policy/standards evaluation, and, in particular, internationally agreed standards with the aim of promoting the safety and soundness of the firms it regulates. For example, in 2024/25, the PRA will continue to focus on identifying and addressing emerging risks internationally, working closely with the BCBS on its response to consultations launched in 2023 (including on cryptoassets; disclosure for climate-related financial risks; and the Basel Core Principles and other outstanding work in support of its 2023/24 work programme and strategic priorities ). The PRA will also continue to work closely with the International Association of Insurance Supervisors (IAIS) on its finalisation of the Insurance Capital Standard (ICS), Insurance Core Principles on valuation (ICP 14) and capital adequacy (ICP17) .

In addition, the PRA will continue to monitor the potential for capital and profit erosion in firms that are slower to adopt new technologies, as well as firms’ involvement in new technologies, and changes in the profile of cyber-risks they face.

International engagement and influencing regulatory standards

The PRA plays a leading role in influencing international regulatory standards and will continue to participate actively in global standard-setting bodies, such as the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision (BCBS) , the IAIS, and the Financial Stability Board (FSB) .

Building on the BCBS’s report on the 2023 banking turmoil , the PRA will work with international stakeholders and the BCBS to strengthen supervisory effectiveness and identify issues that could merit additional guidance at a global level. The PRA will work with BCBS to pursue additional follow-up analytical work based on empirical evidence to assess whether specific features of the Basel Framework have performed as intended, such as liquidity risk and interest rate risk in the banking book, and assess the need to explore policy options over the medium term, alongside supporting the BCBS in pursuing its medium-term programme on evaluating the impact and efficacy of Basel III, and in light of lessons drawn from the Covid-19 pandemic.

In addition, the PRA pursues international collaboration through less formal mechanisms, for example through regular bilateral and trilateral engagements, ensuring close collaboration on a number of supervision, risk, and policy topics of joint interest. The PRA also collaborates internationally on joint global thematic reviews with other regulatory authorities, for example, to address a joint interest in banks’ exposures to NBFIs and the use of critical third parties.

The PRA will also continue to support international efforts to monitor and promote consistent implementation of Basel 3.1, as well as the implementation and monitoring of the ICS.

Supervisory co-operation

Effective international collaboration remains crucial to addressing global risks, and is central to maintaining UK financial stability, the safety and soundness of internationally active firms, and reducing regulatory arbitrage.

The PRA will continue to promote international collaboration through supervisory colleges and set out clear expectations for firms wanting to branch into the UK. The PRA will also maintain its existing memoranda of understanding (MoUs) and, if needed, expand the number of jurisdictions with which it has an MoU to facilitate the supervision of international groups and therefore enhance the safety and openness of the UK for financial services activities.

The PRA will continue to support HMT via its international collaboration activities (eg The Berne Financial Services Agreement ) and with assessments of other jurisdictions to facilitate safe access to overseas markets for UK firms, among other benefits.

Overseas bank branches

The PRA will consult on targeted refinements to its approach to banks branching into the UK, reflecting lessons from the failure of SVB to ensure the PRA’s framework for assessing branches captures activities of potential concern. The PRA is committed to the UK remaining a responsibly open jurisdiction for branches, and expects the vast majority of branch business to be unaffected by any changes. The PRA also intends to consult on clarifying expectations for group entity senior manager functions (SMFs) footnote [8] and expectations of booking arrangements.

Operational and cyber resilience

The PRA engages internationally on operational and cyber resilience, in support of its supervision objectives and to raise international standards. The PRA co-chairs the G7 Cyber Expert Group (CEG), which works to coordinate cyber resilience strategy and management across G7 jurisdictions. The PRA also co-chairs the European Systemic Cyber Group (ESCG), which helps European authorities develop systemic capabilities to prevent and mitigate risks to the financial system that might emanate from cyber incidents. The PRA has also led work at the Financial Stability Board (FSB) on cyber incident reporting. In 2024, the PRA will continue to engage with standard-setting bodies and bilaterally with other jurisdictions on third-party risk management and CTPs.

Managing the financial risks arising from climate change

Climate change presents a source of material and increasing financial risk to firms and the financial system. Managing the risks to firms’ safety and soundness from climate change requires action and remains a key priority for the PRA. The Bank first set out expectations around enhancing banks’ and insurers’ approaches to managing the financial risks emanating from climate change in April 2019 via SS3/19 –  Enhancing banks’ and insurers’ approaches to managing the financial risks from climate change . The PRA has since provided further guidance via two Dear CEO letters, footnote [9] incorporating observations from supervisory processes and the 2022 Climate Biennial Exploratory Scenario exercise , as well as by providing thematic feedback via Dear CFO letters footnote [10] to promote high-quality and consistent accounting for climate change .

As noted in its 2024 priorities letter to firms, the PRA expects firms to make further progress and demonstrate how they are responding to the PRA’s expectations, and to set out the steps they are taking to address barriers to progress. The PRA will continue to assess firms’ progress in managing climate-related financial risks. In 2024, the PRA will commence work to update SS3/19 and publish thematic findings on banks’ processes to quantify the impact of climate risks on expected credit losses.

The PRA, alongside the FCA, will continue to work with industry through the Climate Financial Risk Forum to produce practical guides and tools that help financial firms embed the financial risks from climate change into their operations. The PRA will also continue to engage with domestic and international partners, including international standard-setters, to contribute to the development of international frameworks in support of managing climate-related risks.

Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning

Following the publication of a feedback statement (FS)2/23 – Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning , the PRA and FCA intends to conduct the third edition of the joint survey on machine learning in UK financial services , in 2024 Q2. Responses to the survey will allow the PRA and FCA to further explore how best to address the issues/risks posed by AI/ML in a way that is aligned with the PRA’s and FCA’s statutory objectives. The PRA will also continue to monitor firms’ compliance of its expectations, as set out in SS1/23 , and will seek to explore further updates where necessary.

International policy on digitalisation and managing associated risks

The PRA aims to be at the forefront of identifying and responding to opportunities and risks faced by PRA-authorised firms as they seek to use technology in innovative ways to attract and retain customers, reduce costs, and increase efficiencies.

External context and business risk are important facets of the PRA’s approach to supervision. Developments are monitored, with specialist input from the Bank’s Fintech Hub , to identify risks such as fragmentation of the value chain, novel outsourcing arrangements, and concentration risks across and within firms.

In order to take a responsive and responsibly open approach, the PRA will continue to consider policy proposals to respond to digitalisation and adapt its supervisory approach accordingly. Through the New Bank Start-up and Insurer Start-Up Units, the PRA will continue to engage with applicant firms that have novel uses of technology. The PRA will continue to work closely with domestic and international partners, and through engagement with industry and stakeholders, to take a pro-active approach to digital innovations within the financial sector.

The PRA is a significant contributor to discussions on digitalisation in international standard-setting fora, and will continue to support the BCBS’s work on the developments in the digitalisation of finance and the implications for banks and supervisors . The PRA will also continue be an active part of the IAIS Fintech Forum.

Digital money and innovation

In February 2023, HMT published a consultation and Call for Evidence on the future financial services regulatory regime for cryptoassets , focused on enhancing market integrity, custody requirements, and transparency. The consultation closed in October 2023 with the publication of an update on the government’s plans for its legislative approach to the regulation of stablecoins. HMT confirmed that tokenised deposits would continue to be regulated as deposits. The PRA will continue to work with HMT and the FCA to ensure that the regulatory perimeter and the boundaries between different activities are clearly and robustly delineated.

In November 2023, the Bank, PRA, and FCA published a cross-authority package on innovations in money and payments . As part of this, the PRA published a Dear CEO letter to provide clarity on the PRA’s expectation on how deposit-takers should address risks arising from the emergence of multiple forms of digital money and money-like instruments. footnote [11] It published the letter alongside the Bank’s proposed regime for systemic payment systems using stablecoins and related service providers , and the FCA’s proposed regime for stablecoin issuers, custodians, and the use of stablecoins as a means of payment. A roadmap paper was also published to explain how these regimes fit together.

The PRA will continue to contribute to the Bank’s broader work on innovation in money and payments, which in 2024 will include work on wholesale payments and settlements – and their interaction with retail payments.

In 2024, the PRA will continue to work within the global regulatory community to finalise a set of amendments made to the international standard on the treatment of banks’ cryptoassets exposures. These amendments were published for consultation by the Basel Committee in December 2023, following the finalisation of the standard in 2022.

Once the amendments are finalised, the PRA will implement the standard within the UK, following the PRA’s policymaking process. Alongside this, the PRA will continue to engage with international partners, including the BCBS, to assess bank-related developments in cryptoassets markets, the role of banks as issuers of stablecoins and tokenised deposits, custodians of cryptoassets, and potential channels of interconnections with the cryptoassets ecosystem.

The PRA advances its primary and secondary objectives by making rules that support competitive and dynamic markets in the sectors that it regulates. The PRA will go further in developing proportionate and efficient prudential requirements, thereby reducing the burden on firms where appropriate, and pursuing its secondary objectives. The PRA also remains committed to playing an active role in international standard-setting, given the important role of global rules in safeguarding the UK’s open economy through ensuring safe financial markets.

Regulatory change – embedding the PRA’s approach to rule-making

FSMA 2023 has significantly changed the powers and responsibilities of the PRA, allowing it to ensure the UK financial services framework is fit for the future, reflecting the UK’s position outside of the EU. FSMA 2023 also introduces enhanced objectives and accountability requirements that support the PRA’s transparency and accountability to Parliament.

FSMA 2023 provides a framework to repeal and replace assimilated law relating to financial services. Most technical rules will now be made by operationally independent regulators within a framework set by Parliament, enabling the PRA to deliver policies better suited to the UK financial sector. The PRA’s responsibility, in cooperation with HMT and FCA, is to ensure that the new rules are made in accordance with the PRA’s remit and statutory objectives, including the new secondary competitiveness and growth objective.

The PRA has worked closely with HMT and FCA on the sequencing of the repeal and the replacement of the files of assimilated law. Once the replacement material is in PRA rules, the PRA will have the power to evaluate these rules, amend them if needed, and/or create new rules when required.

The PRA has already made good progress with respect to the files that HMT has prioritised into the first two ‘tranches’, including key files such as Solvency II, Securitisation, CRR, among others. The PRA has consulted on significant parts of tranches 1 and 2 in 2023 and will continue this work throughout 2024 and 2025. The completion of the repeal and replacement of Solvency II and Securities Regulation files is expected by the end of 2024, and the last of the PRA's tranche 1 and 2 files is planned for implementation in 2026. Work on the remaining files that were not included in tranches 1 and 2 will begin in 2024.

The PRA is consulting its stakeholders as it develops its approach to policymaking in light of the new requirements. In December 2023, the PRA published CP27/23 , setting out the proposed approach to policy under the regulatory framework as amended by FSMA 2023, and building on the previously published DP4/22 – The Prudential Regulation Authority’s future approach to policy . CP27/23 outlines the PRA's planned approach to maintain robust prudential standards, which are the cornerstone of UK financial stability and long-term economic growth, while addressing risks and opportunities in a responsive manner, appropriately adapted to the circumstances of the UK. Responses to CP27/23 will inform the PRA’s finalised approach document to be published in 2024 H2.

Secondary competitiveness and growth objective (SCGO)

FSMA 2023 gave the PRA a new secondary objective which requires the PRA to act, so far as reasonably possible, to facilitate the UK economy’s international competitiveness (including in particular the financial services sector through the contribution of PRA-authorised persons) and its growth over the medium to long term, subject to alignment with international standards. FSMA 2023 maintained the PRA’s other objectives without change.

In addition to specific policy measures, the PRA has taken practical steps to embed the SCGO in its operations, including through internal changes, and the launch of a research programme to deepen its understanding of the ways prudential requirements can affect the international competitiveness and growth of the UK economy.

The PRA will continue to look for ways in which it can facilitate the UK’s competitiveness and growth when discharging its general functions. The approach focuses on strengthening the three regulatory foundations that were set out in CP27/23, specifically:

• Maintaining trust among domestic and foreign firms in the PRA and UK prudential framework via a range of policies, including those that promote strong prudential standards appropriately calibrated for the UK, and the alignment of said policies with international standards.
• Adopting effective regulatory processes and engagement, including providing for the efficient handling of regulatory processes, such as authorisations and data collections, as well as facilitating the accessibility of the PRA Rulebook to reduce the operating costs of firms.
• Taking a responsive and responsibly open approach to UK risks and opportunities, including making rules that account more effectively for the needs of the UK. This approach means responding faster to emerging risks and opportunities in the UK financial sector, for example, by using regulatory tools to support innovation safely. To this end, in 2024, the PRA will hold a pilot roundtable to gather stakeholders’ views on how the PRA can help to reduce the barriers to innovation that the industry faces.

The policy initiatives discussed in the rest of this section provide examples of how the PRA will advance its secondary objectives in 2024/25.

Furthermore, the Bank’s Independent Evaluation Office (IEO) is evaluating the PRA’s approach to its new secondary objective. Both the outcome of the IEO’s evaluation and the PRA’s response to it will be included in the PRA’s – ‘Secondary Objectives Report’ to be published alongside the PRA’s Annual Report 2023/24. The Secondary Objectives Report will also give an overview of all the PRA’s policy initiatives that have advanced the SCO and the SCGO .

Strong and Simple framework

In 2021, the PRA published FS1/21 – A strong and simple prudential framework for non-systemic banks and building societies , that set out a vision to simplify prudential requirements for smaller, domestic-focused banks and building societies, while maintaining those firms’ resilience.

As outlined in the PRA 2023/24 Business Plan , the PRA will continue its planned programme of work on creating a simpler but equally resilient prudential framework for smaller, domestically focused banks and building societies, known as the Strong and Simple framework. This framework is designed to maintain the financial resilience of banks and building societies operating in the UK, while reducing costs associated with prudential requirements for non-systemic banks and building societies. In 2023/24, the PRA published its final policy on scope criteria and simplified liquidity and disclosure requirements for SDDTs in PS15/23.

In December 2023, the PRA published PS16/23 – The Strong and Simple Framework: Scope criteria, liquidity and disclosure requirements , which finalises the scope of the framework. The PS builds on the first layer of the Strong and Simple framework, which focused on the smallest firms and is known as the SDDT regime. The overall aim of the framework is to maintain the financial resilience of banks and building societies operating in the UK, while addressing the ‘complexity problem,’ under which the same prudential requirements are applied to all firms, regardless of size, even though the costs of interpreting and operationalising those requirements are higher for small firms, relative to the associated public policy benefits.

In 2024/25, the PRA will move further towards finalising and implementing the Strong and Simple prudential framework for SDDTs. A key step will be to implement the simplifications to liquidity requirements that were introduced in Phase 1. The PRA will also finalise the rules for the Interim Capital Regime, which will allow firms eligible to be SDDTs to stay under capital rules equivalent to those currently in place until the simplified capital regime for SDDTs is implemented. The PRA plans to consult on a simplified capital regime for SDDTs in 2024 Q2.

Insurance Special Purpose Vehicles regime

In 2017, the PRA introduced a framework for the authorisation and supervision of ISPVs to provide guidance for parties wishing to obtain authorisation as an ISPV, or for insurers and reinsurers seeking to use UK ISPVs as risk mitigation in accordance with Solvency II.

The UK ISPV regime has not seen as much activity as originally envisaged. While new issuances of insurance-linked securitisations (ILS) transactions in the UK over the last two years have exceeded USD400 million, there are steps to be taken which can improve the regime and increase its usage.

The PRA has been in discussion with industry on this matter with the aim of understanding the key areas of the regime in which market participants would recommend changes.

The PRA expects to consult on a package of reforms to the UK ISPV regime. These reforms are intended to:

• allow a wider range of transaction structures in the UK regime;
• improve the speed of the application process, and thereby also reduce costs for applicants; and
• clarify the PRA’s expectations of UK insurers who cede risks to ISPVs, wherever they are established.

Remuneration reforms

The PRA’s remuneration rules ensure that key decision-makers and material risk-takers at PRA-regulated firms have the right incentives and can be held accountable. In 2023, following consultation, the PRA removed the bonus cap and made changes to its rules to enhance proportionality for small firms .

In advancing its primary and secondary objectives, the PRA is considering further changes to the remuneration regime that is better suited to the UK’s financial sector, while maintaining the remuneration regime’s overall structure and objectives, which are based on internationally agreed FSB principles and standards . The PRA intends to consult on any changes in 2024 H2.

Implementing changes to the Senior Managers & Certification Regime (SM&CR)

In March 2023, the PRA and FCA jointly published DP1/23 – Review of the Senior Managers and Certification Regime (SM&CR) , with a particular focus on gathering views about the regime’s effectiveness, scope, and proportionality. HMT in parallel launched a Call for Evidence covering the legislative aspects of the SM&CR. The period for sending responses to the discussion paper ended on 1 June 2023.

The PRA received over 90 responses relevant to its work as a prudential regulator, reflecting the significant level of stakeholder interest in the regime. The PRA, working closely with the FCA and HMT, is considering potential policy options for reform in response to the comments received and intends to consult on proposed changes to the regime in 2024 H1.

Complete the establishment of the Cost Benefit Analysis (CBA) Panel

The PRA is continuing to make progress under the new framework provided by FSMA 2023, setting out CBA as an integral part of developing the best possible policy approach, and the results will help shape the PRA’s policymaking. CBAs inform and refine the policy approach to identified issues, helping to design approaches that offer the greatest benefits.

One of the key elements of enhancing the PRA’s scrutiny and accountability mechanisms relates to its approach to CBA and the establishment of a new CBA panel. The role of the CBA Panel is to support increased transparency and scrutiny of the PRA’s policymaking by providing regular, independent input into the PRA’s CBAs relating to PRA rules and the PRA’s statement of policy in relation to CBAs . The Panel will review how the PRA is performing more generally in carrying out its duties with regard to CBA and may provide recommendations to the PRA.

The PRA has completed an open, competitive, and rigorous recruitment process for identifying and appointing a diverse range of expert individuals to constitute the CBA Panel. The PRA will finalise the set-up of the Panel and then start consulting it on the PRA’s statement of policy in relation to CBAs and on the preparation of CBAs. The appointments, including that of the Chair, will be announced in due course.

In 2024, the PRA will consult on its CBA framework, which will set out how the PRA intends to continue to conduct a robust CBA and how it engages with the CBA panel.

PRA Rulebook

The new regulatory framework set out in FSMA 2023 enables the PRA to develop a more coherent and easily accessible Rulebook. The aim is to improve the efficiency and accessibility of the PRA Rulebook by reducing the number of policy document formats currently in use to three: rules, supervisory statements, and statements of policy. In order to achieve this, the PRA’s specialist teams will begin the process of reviewing the EU Guidelines, European Supervisory Authorities (ESA) Q&As, and UK technical standards (UKTS) that are relevant to PRA rules, to determine what should be incorporated into those rules or related supervisory statements and statements of policy. Once the review of these documents is completed, references to the EU Guidelines, ESA Q&As, and UKTSs will be removed.

The PRA is also looking at grouping the elements in the Rulebook to make it easier for users to access relevant information. To support usability and clarity, the PRA will take a consistent approach to the structure of, and language in its policies.

The speed at which the PRA will achieve many of its ambitions for the Rulebook will partly depend on the Government’s approach to the repeal of relevant assimilated law and its replacement in PRA rules and other policy materials. However, the PRA will move ahead with the proposed reforms as quickly as possible to help users more easily navigate the new regulatory landscape.

Banking Data Review

The Banking Data Review BDR, launched in 2023-24, will be delivered as an integral part of the Transforming Data Collection TDC programme. The work will enable the PRA’s banking regulatory data collections to be better aligned with the day-to-day needs of supervisors, ensure the PRA has good-quality data to carry out its new policymaking responsibilities in line with the post-Brexit regulatory framework, and reduce burdens on firms by better integrating and streamlining data collections.

The PRA will consult on the first of three phases of reforms under the BDR in 2024 H2. The consultation will focus on streamlining of the existing regulatory reporting estate, removing reporting templates that may no longer be needed or which contain information that can be gathered at lower cost elsewhere, reviewing collections of counterparty credit information, and incorporating lessons from recent market events.

In parallel, the PRA will continue to work on plans for future phases of reform, focused on credit risk in the second phase, and with all remaining areas covered in a third phase. Engagement with industry participants will be done under the newly appointed TDC Advisory Board, which will be responsible for setting industry working groups on key topics relating to TDC. The TDC’s main industry forum in this area is the Data Standards Committee (DSC), which led the work on the recommendations underpinning the jointly published response by the Bank and the FCA, entitled Transforming data collection – Data Standards Review with recommendations and Bank of England and FCA response . A further working group is the BDR Industry Consultative Forum that is open to all PRA-regulated banks.

Supporting and authorising new market entrants via new ‘mobilisation’ regime

The PRA will continue to support potential market entrants in navigating the authorisation process. This includes providing clear online guidance and industry engagement to build awareness of expectations and seek feedback on firms’ experience of the process. The PRA offers potential applicants the opportunity to meet with staff through a structured pre-application stage, allowing firms to iterate and develop their proposition to support a better-quality application.

The PRA will continue to make use of the mobilisation stage for newly authorised banks, where appropriate, to allow them to operate with restrictions while they complete their set-up before starting to trade fully.

In line with PS2/24 – Review of Solvency II: Adapting to the UK insurance market , the PRA will introduce a new ‘mobilisation’ regime to facilitate entry and expansion for new insurers from 31 December 2024, similar to the mobilisation stage for new banks. Mobilisation will help to facilitate competition, and the international competitiveness and growth of the UK insurance sector, with the aim of benefiting firms who are contemplating applying for authorisation as an insurer in the UK now or in the future.

Newly authorised insurers in mobilisation could be offered the option of using a set period of extra time to build up systems and resources while operating with business restrictions, proportionate regulatory requirements, and lower minimum capital requirements. New insurers could be suitable for mobilisation when they have a shortlist of activities to complete before they can meet full regulatory requirements.

Ease of exit

Improving how firms can leave regulated markets in an orderly way is a vital corollary to greater ease of entry into those markets. It enables a dynamic and competitive market which entrants can join and leave with minimal impact on the wider market and the PRA’s statutory objectives. The PRA has published the first of two planned policy in this topic, (eg, PS5/24 – Solvent exit planning for non-systemic banks and building societies ). A further PS on solvent exit planning for insurers is expected in 2024 H2, following the completion of the market consultation initiated by CP2/24 – Solvent exit planning for insurers . Both of these form part of the PRA’s strategic focus on increasing the ease of exit.

Ring-fencing regime

The Bank and PRA continue to work closely with HMT on implementing the recommendations made in March 2022 by the Independent Review of Ring-fencing and Proprietary Trading , led by Sir Keith Skeoch. On 28 September 2023, both HMT and the PRA published consultations with the aim of giving effect to recommendations of that review.

HMT consulted on removing the blanket restriction which prevents ring-fenced bodies (RFBs) operating in countries outside the EEA. The PRA consulted on introducing a new rule and updating SS8/16 – Ring-fenced bodies (RFBs) , to align with HMT’s proposed legislative changes. These changes aim to implement certain safeguards to ensure that RFBs are not exposed to material risks through the business of their overseas subsidiaries or branches. The PRA will publish its policy and a rule Instrument once the legislative changes are brought into force. Simultaneously, the PRA will update SS8/16 to reflect the changes.

FSMA requires the PRA to conduct a review of its ring-fencing rules and provide a report to HMT every five years. The first such review was completed on 12 December 2023 and the resulting report was laid before Parliament on 25 January 2024 and published on the Bank’s website.

The PRA intends to consult on potential changes to the ring-fencing regime identified by the Rule Review once a fuller exploration of costs and benefits has been undertaken. The Bank and PRA will continue to support HMT with technical advice to enable HMT to finalise its legislative changes, and to consider responses to its Call for Evidence on longer-term reforms.

Effective authorisation processes

The PRA handles over 1,800 regulatory transactions a year, ranging from new firm authorisations to variations of permission for existing firms and cancellations of permission for firms leaving the market. Over the coming year, the PRA will continue to handle these transactions in more streamlined, efficient, transparent, and accessible way while maintaining strong risk controls to ensure the UK’s success as a global financial centre.

In parallel to consulting on reforms to the SM&CR, the PRA will continue to enhance and streamline internal processes on SM&CR applications and other transactions to drive further improvements in operational effectiveness, as measured through the quarterly publication of metrics on timeliness of decisions. This will include close collaboration with the FCA to ensure an efficient and coordinated review of cases, as well as improvements to case handling and recording technology platforms. The PRA will extend existing industry engagement on New Bank Start-ups to also cover new insurers and SM&CR applications in order to promote transparency and spread best practice in support of efficient case handling. In addition, the Wholesale Insurance Accelerated Authorisation Pathway, developed jointly by the PRA and FCA, will continue to provide an accelerated route for the authorisation of a sub-set of London market wholesale applicants.

The PRA’s operation within the Bank plays a critical role in maintaining the stability and integrity of the UK’s financial system. In pursuit of its objectives and work programme, the PRA ensures that its regulatory framework is inclusive, considering the diverse landscape of financial institutions. It aims to create a level playing field, while recognising and planning for the potential impact of the changes in the environment in which we are operating.

In line with its mission, the PRA continually adapts regulations to address emerging risks and opportunities, fostering inclusivity to enhance trust, transparency, and accountability in the financial sector. As a prudential regulator, the PRA maintains and strives for operational efficiency in its regulatory processes, technology, and its workforce. This involves streamlining procedures, driving inclusive recruitment, and leveraging technology to enhance effectiveness – noting that efficient regulation benefits both regulated entities and the broader economy by reducing unnecessary burdens and facilitating smoother interactions between financial institutions and the regulator.

Data and technology

The PRA will continue its programme of work to strengthen and transform its data-related capabilities. The PRA will also continue to play a leading role in international collaboration on the regulatory use of data and technology, liaising closely with other regulators, central banks, academic institutions, and industry. The PRA intends to run a multi-day innovation-focused event for PRA colleagues to support learning and increase awareness about the impact of technological advances and initiatives across the financial sector.

Transforming Data Collection by building on digital regulatory reporting

The PRA will continue to work towards achieving the objectives of the TDC programme for 2026:

• Goal 1: the PRA has the data and tools it needs to rapidly identify and probe emerging issues, risk, and policy questions, including integration into a single customisable supervisory dashboard; and
• Goal 2: the PRA only collects data that it needs from firms, thereby reducing unnecessary burdens on firms.

Regarding Goal 1, the PRA will continue to improve existing and deliver new priority data visualisation and analysis tools to support supervision, covering financial and operational data for PRA-regulated firms. The PRA will also make use of speech-to-text technology to support day-to-day work for staff, and to contribute to the Bank’s wider work on the appropriate use of artificial intelligence to support its objectives, including large third-party language models. This will be underpinned by ongoing support for PRA staff undertaking renewed digital skills training alongside individual and group coaching for some staff cohorts, and planning for those programmes in future years.

Regarding Goal 2, the PRA will continue to work with the FCA and the wider Bank on the TDC programme , which envisions that ‘regulators are able to get the data they need to fulfil their mission at the lowest possible cost to industry’ through improvements to the integration of reporting, reporting instructions, and data standards. Over the coming years, TDC therefore aims to deliver a new target operating model for all of the Bank’s regulatory, statistical, and stress-testing data collections.

Diversity, equity and inclusion at the PRA

The PRA continues to take action to strengthen its culture and working environment. The Bank’s Court review into ethnic diversity and inclusion reported its findings in July 2021. The PRA, alongside the rest of the Bank, is implementing the recommendations of this review and has made considerable progress in terms of embedding inclusive recruitment, investing in talent development, and advancing a psychologically safe culture to promote employees’ ability to voice their opinions via the ‘speak my mind’ initiative. There is also increased accountability for senior leaders to advance a diverse and inclusive Bank.

The PRA recognises the importance of all staff feeling valued and being able to thrive. Key focus areas for 2024/25 include progressing initiatives to improve psychological safety, ethnic and gender representation, and disability disclosure. The PRA continues to benefit from the Bank’s excellent employee networks that cater to diverse groups such as disability, LGBTQ+, social mobility, gender, age, carers, different ethnicities, and many more.

PRA Agenda for Research

The PRA plans to build on its research efforts in 2024/25, including through improving central coordination and capacity-building projects.

Research priorities are captured in the PRA Research agenda 2023+ below (Table 1). The PRA will continue to deliver on those, while making sure that a timely delivery of high-quality research, expertise, and critical evaluation is given to PRC, FPC, and other senior decision-making activities. These deliverables are captured in the research metrics and the PRA Research Annual. The metrics track the quantity, quality, and impact of the PRA’s research, while the PRA Research Annual provides further details on how timely and effective the research advisory (inside and outside the institution) has been. New for this business year is that the PRA will additionally produce impact cases, with the purpose of tracking the lifespan of key research projects and evaluating their total policy/social impact.

To ensure that the organisation has the right capacity and skills, the PRA will initiate new capacity-building projects on models, tools, and data, while reinforcing external collaborations on those. It will also continue efforts to disseminate this work and foster strategic cooperations with research departments at other central banks, regulatory authorities, research institutes, or universities.

Table 1: PRA Research agenda 2023+

Risks to delivery of business plan.

Operating in a complex and fast-moving environment gives rise to risks to the delivery of this business plan. The PRA monitors, manages, actively mitigates (where possible), and reports these risks to the PRC and relevant Bank fora on a regular basis.

Over the course of 2023/24, attrition levels reduced and there was an improvement in recruitment into key roles. Looking ahead to 2024/25, headcount required to deliver this Business Plan is forecast to remain broadly flat.

The PRA will continue to impose discipline on how it deploys its budget to ensure resources are allocated appropriately. The PRA will also need to reprioritise during the year in response to changes in the external environment, as it routinely does. The PRA will continue to focus on managing operational risks and strengthening horizon-scanning capabilities so that it can respond quickly to changes in risk and drive decisions on prioritisation, business planning, and resourcing.

Having access to the right technology and data remains a key area of focus in 2024/25 as part of a multi-year investment across the PRA and the Bank to ensure that the PRA’s technology capabilities support its strategic priorities. This focus will take account of developments in regulatory technology, reduce inefficiencies, and leverage the benefits of being a regulator within the UK’s central bank. There is a risk that the PRA may be unable to deliver its intended technology ambition given the congested change agenda across the Bank. This challenge is being managed through careful prioritisation and scoping of key projects, including delaying some lower-priority activities.

Dependencies

Given the interconnected nature of the global financial system, dependencies on external parties, such as the FCA, HMT, and overseas regulators, could present a risk for the PRA. Policy development, authorisation processes, and supervision activities are contingent on maintaining relationships and co-operation with these parties. The PRA fosters its domestic relationships to ensure effective regulation and supervision across the UK financial sector. The PRA also works closely with international regulators to address cross-border risks for firms operating internationally. The PRA continues to foster these important relationships at all levels of the organisation through several channels, including international committees, supervisory colleges, joint reviews, information-sharing, and joint publications.

PRA Budget 2024/25

The PRA’s provisional budget for 2024/25, which is subject to finalisation of pension costs and year-end adjustments, is estimated at £353.0 million. This is an increase of £34.0 million (11%) on the 2023/24 budget. To reduce the impact to firms in 2024/25, the PRA has taken two measures, as set out in CP4/24 , to limit the increase in fees paid by firms to 7%. This increase follows a 1% reduction to fees in 2023/24 compared with 2022/23.

The PRA is constraining the increase in its own direct costs to 2%, which means a real-terms cut to the budget that will be managed by increasing efficiency in the PRA’s supervisory approach, end-to-end policymaking process, and operations. Alongside this, the PRA needs to fund inflation-driven increases in support services provided to the PRA by the Bank and the PRA’s share of tackling obsolescence in the Bank’s technology estate on which the PRA relies.

Budgeted headcount is forecast to remain broadly flat for 2024/25 ending the year at 1,541 (this compares closely to the actual year-end headcount position for 2023/24 of 1,537). The budgeted headcount reflects the PRA’s need to invest in key areas, including increasing the capacity to approve the efficiency of the IRB model review process, the implementation and supervision of CTPs, investment in the BDR, and implementing lessons learned from the failure of SVB and CS.

Details on how the PRA proposes to fund its budget can be found in CP4/24 – Regulated fees and levies: Rates proposals 2024/25 . It includes proposals for allocating costs of the PRA’s 2024/25 ongoing regulatory activities across PRA fee payers.

Abbreviations

ACS – Annual Cyclical Scenario

AI/ML – Artificial Intelligence/Machine Learning

AoC – Analysis of Change

Bank – Bank of England

BCBS – Basel Committee on Banking Supervision

BDR – Banking Data Review

CBA – Cost Benefit Analysis

CEG – Cyber Expert Group

CEO – Chief Executive Officer

CMORG – Cross Market Operational Resilience Group

CP – Consultation Paper

CRR – Capital Requirements Regulation

CTP – Critical Third Party

DEI – Diversity, equity, and inclusion

DP – Discussion paper

DSC – Data Standards Committee

D&I – Diversity and inclusion

EAS – Early Account Scheme

EU – European Union

ESA – European Securities and Markets Authority

ESCG – European Systemic Cyber group

FCA – Financial Conduct Authority

FinTech – Financial Technology

FMI – Financial Market Intermediary

FMIs – Financial Market Infrastructures

FPC – Financial Policy Committee

FRF – Future Regulatory Framework

FSB – Financial Stability Board

FSMA – Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 (as amended)

HMT – His Majesty's Treasury

IAIS – International Association of Insurance Supervisors

ICS – Insurance Capital Standard

ILS – insurance-linked securitisations

IRB – internal ratings-based

IRRBB – interest rate risk in the banking book

ISPV – Insurance special purpose vehicle

L-SREPs – Liquidity Supervisory Review and Evaluation Processes

MA – Matching adjustment

MALIR – Matching Adjustment Asset and Liability Information Return

MDA - Maximum distributable amount

MoU – Memorandum of Understanding

MRM – Model Risk Management

NBFI – Non-Bank Financial Institution

PMA – Post Model Adjustment

PRA – Prudential Regulation Authority

PRC – Prudential Regulation Committee

PS – Policy statement

QMC – Quarterly Model Change

RFB – Ring-fenced bodies

RWA – Risk-weighted asset

SCGO – Secondary Competitiveness and Growth Objective

SCO – Secondary Competition Objective

SDDT – Small domestic deposit takers

SMCR – Senior Managers and Certification Regime

SME – Small and medium-sized enterprise

SMF – Senior management function

SS – Supervisory statement

SVB – Silicon Valley Bank

SWES – System-wide exploratory scenario

TDC – Transforming Data Collection

TFSME – Term Funding Scheme with additional incentives for SMEs

TPR – The Pension Regulator

UKTS – UK Technical Standards

Contacting the Bank of England and the PRA

Please send any enquiries related to this publication to [email protected] .

In PS15/23, the PRA set out its rationale to rename Simpler-regime firms to Small Domestic Deposit Takers (SDDTs), and Simpler-regime consolidation entities to SDDT consolidation entities. To avoid confusion, throughout the rest of this document, the PRA will refer to SDDTs, SDDT consolidation entities, the Small Domestic Deposit Takers regime or SDDT regime, and SDDT criteria, rather than Simpler-regime firm, Simpler-regime consolidation entities, simpler regime, and Simpler-regime criteria, even when referring to past consultations.

A CTP is an entity that will be designated by HMT by a regulation made in exercise of the power in section 312L(1) of 2000, as amended by the FSMA 2023.

As at 1 January 2024.

Strictly speaking, DIFs do not accept deposits and are included under the category of deposit-takers for presentational purposes only.

Section 2E of FSMA.

SS11/13 – Internal Ratings Based (IRB) approaches .

As set out in the 2024 priorities letter on UK deposit takers .

SMFs are a type of controlled function carried out by ‘approved persons’, ie individuals who have to be approved. SMFs are the most senior people in a firm with the greatest potential to cause harm or impact upon market integrity.

Managing climate-related financial risk – thematic feedback from the PRA’s review of firms’ SS3/19 plans and clarifications of expectations and Thematic feedback on the PRA’s supervision of climate-related financial risk and the Bank of England’s Climate Biennial Exploratory Scenario exercise .

Thematic feedback from the 2021/2022 round of written auditor reporting and Thematic feedback from the 2022/2023 round of written auditor reporting.

‘Digital money’ refers to claims on deposit-takers or other financial institutions, which exist only in electronic form and whose value is preserved through a combination of strict regulation and issuers’ access to central bank deposits. ‘Digital money-like instruments’ refers to other assets that exist only in electronic form and are used for payments. Some of these are regulated to support a stable value, but their issuers do not have access to central bank deposits and are subject to lighter regulation.

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Everyone deserves to succeed. But today, for too many Canadians, especially Millennials and Gen Z, your hard work isn’t paying off like it did for previous generations. Your paycheque doesn’t go as far as costs go up, and saving enough seems harder and harder. It doesn’t have to be this way. Every generation should get a fair chance to get ahead.

One of the biggest pressures on people right now is housing. Young Canadians are renting more than ever and being priced out of their communities. Families are finding it difficult to get a good place to settle down. The cost to build homes is too high, and the time it takes to finish projects is too long. We need to build more homes in Canada, and we need to build them by the millions.

The Prime Minister, Justin Trudeau, the Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Finance, Chrystia Freeland, and the Minister of Housing, Infrastructure and Communities, Sean Fraser, today unveiled the federal government’s ambitious housing plan, Solving the housing crisis: Canada’s Housing Plan , supported by new investments from the upcoming Budget 2024. At the heart of this plan lies a commitment to make housing affordable. No hard-working Canadian should have to spend more than 30 per cent of their income on housing costs. No Canadian should have to live without knowing they have a safe and affordable place to live.

The plan lays out a bold strategy to unlock 3.87 million new homes by 2031. This includes a minimum of 2 million net new homes, on top of the Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation’s forecast of 1.87 million being built anyway by 2031. Federal actions in this plan, in Budget 2024, and taken in fall 2023 will support at least 1.2 million new homes, and we call on all orders of government to build at least 800,000 more homes by 2031.

Here’s what we’re doing:

Building more homes by bringing down the costs of homebuilding, helping cities make it easier to build homes at a faster pace, changing the way Canadian homebuilders manufacture homes, and growing the workforce to ensure we get the job done. This includes:

• A Public Lands for Homes Plan to lead a national effort to build affordable housing on federal, provincial, territorial, and municipal lands across the country. We will partner with homebuilders and housing providers to build homes on every possible site across the public portfolio and ensure long-term affordability.
• $15 billion in additional loans for the Apartment Construction Loan Program to build a minimum of 30,000 new rental apartments, in big cities, small towns, and rural communities alike, will be proposed in Budget 2024. With this additional financing, the program is on track to build over 131,000 new apartments by 2031-32.
• Launching Canada Builds, a Team Canada approach to building affordable homes for the middle class on under-utilized lands across the country. Canada Builds combines federal low-cost loans with provincial and territorial investments to scale up construction on rental homes for the middle class, from coast to coast to coast.
• Supporting Indigenous Peoples in urban, rural, and northern areas . We will also provide additional distinctions-based investments for Indigenous housing to be delivered by Indigenous governments, organizations, housing, and service providers.

Making it easier to own or rent a home by ensuring that every renter or homeowner has a home that suits their needs, and the stability to retain it. We’re putting measures to protect tenants against unfairly rising rent payments, leverage rental payment history to improve credit scores, increase the Home Buyers’ Plan withdrawal limit, extend mortgage amortizations for first-time home buyers buying newly built homes, and more:

• Launching a Tenant Protection Fund to provide funding to legal services and tenants’ rights advocacy organizations to better protect tenants against unfairly rising rent payments, renovictions, or bad landlords.
• Leveraging rental payment history to improve credit scores, helping you qualify for a mortgage and better rates.
• Increasing the Home Buyers’ Plan withdrawal limit by $25,000 and extending the grace period to repay by an additional three years.
• Extending mortgage amortizations for first-time buyers buying newly built homes . Mortgage insurance rules will be amended to allow 30-year mortgage amortizations exclusively for first-time home buyers purchasing new builds.

Helping Canadians who can’t afford a home by creating more affordable and rental housing – including for students, seniors, persons with disabilities, and equity-deserving communities – and eliminating chronic homelessness in Canada. This includes:

• Providing $1 billion for the Affordable Housing Fund to build affordable homes and launching a permanent Rapid Housing Stream to build on the success of the previous three rounds of the Rapid Housing Initiative.
• Launching a $1.5 billion Canada Rental Protection Fund to protect and expand affordable housing.

The Prime Minister also announced new measures included in Canada’s Housing Plan to attract, train, and hire the skilled-trade workers Canada needs to build more homes.

• $90 million for the Apprenticeship Service , creating apprenticeship opportunities to train and recruit the next generation of skilled trades workers.
• $10 million for the Skilled Trades Awareness and Readiness program to encourage high school students to enter the skilled trades – creating more jobs and opportunities for the next generation of workers to build Canada up.
• $50 million in the Foreign Credential Recognition Program , with a focus on residential construction to help skilled trades workers get more homes built. Like our previous $115 million investment, this funding will remove barriers to credential recognition, so workers spend less time dealing with red-tape and more time getting shovels in the ground.

Transforming our housing system and solving the housing crisis will take a Team Canada effort. No one level of government, home builder, not-for-profit, or community can do it alone. We need every partner pulling in the same direction to build the homes Canadians need.

This is about realizing Canada’s promise of affordable housing for every generation – and it’s just one of the things that we are going to be doing in Budget 2024. Alongside these measures, we’re getting healthy food on kids’ plates, delivering stronger public health care, making life more affordable, and creating good jobs to make sure every generation can get ahead.

“We are changing the way we build homes in Canada. In our housing plan and Budget 2024, we are delivering ambitious action and investments to build more homes, make it easier to rent or own, and help the most vulnerable with stable housing. This is about restoring fairness for every generation, and housing is at the heart of that.” The Rt. Hon. Justin Trudeau, Prime Minister of Canada

“We are announcing today real, tangible measures that are going to help more younger Canadians get those first keys of their own. We are using every tool at our disposal to deliver housing without delay – because we want to make the dream of homeownership a reality for younger Canadians.” The Hon. Chrystia Freeland, Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Finance

“Canada can and will solve the housing crisis, and we’re going to do it by getting every home builder, not-for-profit, mayor, city councillor, and premier pulling in the same direction to build the homes Canadians need.” The Hon. Sean Fraser, Minister of Housing, Infrastructure and Communities

Quick Facts

• The Prime Minister today also announced the creation of a new Deputy Minister of Public Lands and Housing position within the Privy Council Office. The Deputy Minister will oversee and report on federal efforts to build more homes for Canadians through the use of public lands, providing a single point of accountability within the public service. An appointment to this position will be announced later today.
• Since 2015, the federal government has helped almost two million Canadians find a place to call home.
• Restore generational fairness for renters, particularly Millennials and Gen Z, by taking new action to protect renters’ rights and unlock pathways for them to become homeowners. Learn more .
• Launch a new $6 billion Canada Housing Infrastructure Fund to accelerate the construction or upgrade of essential infrastructure across the country and get more homes built for Canadians. Learn more .
• Top-up the Apartment Construction Loan Program with $15 billion, make new reforms so it is easier to access, and launch Canada Builds to call on all provinces and territories to join a Team Canada effort to build more homes, faster. Learn more .
• Support renters by launching a new $1.5 billion Canada Rental Protection Fund to preserve more rental homes and make sure they stay affordable. Learn more .
• Change the way we build homes in Canada by announcing over $600 million to make it easier and cheaper to build more homes, faster, including through a new Homebuilding Technology and Innovation Fund and a new Housing Design Catalogue. Learn more .
• The Apartment Construction Loan Program , a $40 billion initiative that will be topped up with an additional $15 billion in Budget 2024 to boost the construction of new rental homes by providing low-cost financing to homebuilders. Since 2017, the Apartment Construction Loan Program has committed over $18 billion in loans to support the creation of more than 48,000 new rental homes. With our recently announced measures , the Apartment Construction Loan Program is now on track to help build over 131,000 new rental homes across Canada by 2031-32.
• The  Affordable Housing Fund , a $14+ billion initiative that supports the creation of new market and below-market rental housing and the repair and renewal of existing housing. It is designed to attract partnerships and investments to develop projects that meet a broad spectrum of housing needs, from shelters to affordable homeownership. As of December 31, 2023, the Fund has committed $8+ billion to repair or renew over 150,000 homes and support the construction of more than 32,000 new homes.
• The Housing Accelerator Fund , a $4 billion initiative that will be topped up with an additional $400 million in Budget 2024 to encourage municipalities to incentivize building by making transformative changes, such as removing prohibitive zoning barriers. To date, the federal government has signed 179 Housing Accelerator Fund agreements which, combined, will fast-track an estimated total of over 750,000 housing units across the country over the next decade.
• The Rapid Housing Initiative , a $4 billion fund that is fast-tracking the construction of 15,500 new affordable homes for people experiencing homelessness or in severe housing need by 2026. The Rapid Housing Initiative also supports the acquisition of existing buildings for the purpose of rehabilitation or conversion to permanent affordable housing units, focusing on the housing needs of the most vulnerable, including people experiencing or at risk of homelessness, women fleeing domestic violence, seniors, Indigenous Peoples, and persons with disabilities.
• Progress on these and other programs and initiatives under Canada’s National Housing Strategy are updated quarterly at  www.placetocallhome.ca . The Housing Funding Initiatives Map  shows housing projects that have been developed.
• On November 9, 2023, we signed a historic Housing Accelerator Fund agreement with the Province of Quebec.
• Building on the success of the 2023 agreement, the federal government will continue to work closely with Quebec to build more homes for Quebecers, including by delivering additional funding through the Housing Accelerator Fund and the new Canada Housing Infrastructure Fund.
• The Government of Canada’s Budget 2024 will be tabled in the House of Commons by the Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Finance on Tuesday, April 16, 2024.
• Save more young families money and help more moms return to their careers by building more affordable child care spaces and training more early childhood educators across Canada. Learn more .
• Create a National School Food Program to provide meals to about 400,000 kids every year and help ensure every child has the best start in life, no matter their circumstances. Learn more .
• Secure Canada’s AI advantage through a $2.4 billion package of measures that will accelerate job growth in Canada’s AI sector, boost productivity by helping researchers and businesses develop and adopt AI, and ensure this is done responsibly. Learn more .
• Provide the Canadian Armed Forces with the tools and capacity they need to defend Canada and protect North America, advance Canada’s interests and values around the world, and support its members with an overall investment of $8.1 billion over five years and $73 billion over 20 years. Learn more .

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