biography of robert frost in 100 words class 9

Robert Frost

(1874-1963)

Who Was Robert Frost?

Frost spent his first 40 years as an unknown. He exploded on the scene after returning from England at the beginning of World War I . He died of complications from prostate surgery on January 29, 1963.

Early Years

Frost was born on March 26, 1874, in San Francisco, California. He spent the first 11 years of his life there, until his journalist father, William Prescott Frost Jr., died of tuberculosis.

Following his father's passing, Frost moved with his mother and sister, Jeanie, to the town of Lawrence, Massachusetts. They moved in with his grandparents, and Frost attended Lawrence High School.

After high school, Frost attended Dartmouth College for several months, returning home to work a slew of unfulfilling jobs.

Beginning in 1897, Frost attended Harvard University but had to drop out after two years due to health concerns. He returned to Lawrence to join his wife.

In 1900, Frost moved with his wife and children to a farm in New Hampshire — property that Frost's grandfather had purchased for them—and they attempted to make a life on it for the next 12 years. Though it was a fruitful time for Frost's writing, it was a difficult period in his personal life and followed the deaths of two of his young children.

During that time, Frost and Elinor attempted several endeavors, including poultry farming, all of which were fairly unsuccessful.

Despite such challenges, it was during this time that Frost acclimated himself to rural life. In fact, he grew to depict it quite well, and began setting many of his poems in the countryside.

Frost met his future love and wife, Elinor White, when they were both attending Lawrence High School. She was his co-valedictorian when they graduated in 1892.

In 1894, Frost proposed to White, who was attending St. Lawrence University , but she turned him down because she first wanted to finish school. Frost then decided to leave on a trip to Virginia, and when he returned, he proposed again. By then, White had graduated from college, and she accepted. They married on December 19, 1895.

White died in 1938. Diagnosed with cancer in 1937 and having undergone surgery, she also had had a long history of heart trouble, to which she ultimately succumbed.

Frost and White had six children together. Their first child, Elliot, was born in 1896. Daughter Lesley was born in 1899.

Elliot died of cholera in 1900. After his death, Elinor gave birth to four more children: son Carol (1902), who would commit suicide in 1940; Irma (1903), who later developed mental illness; Marjorie (1905), who died in her late 20s after giving birth; and Elinor (1907), who died just weeks after she was born.

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Early Poetry

In 1894, Frost had his first poem, "My Butterfly: an Elegy," published in The Independent , a weekly literary journal based in New York City .

Two poems, "The Tuft of Flowers" and "The Trial by Existence," were published in 1906. He could not find any publishers who were willing to underwrite his other poems.

In 1912, Frost and Elinor decided to sell the farm in New Hampshire and move the family to England, where they hoped there would be more publishers willing to take a chance on new poets.

Within just a few months, Frost, now 38, found a publisher who would print his first book of poems, A Boy’s Will , followed by North of Boston a year later.

It was at this time that Frost met fellow poets Ezra Pound and Edward Thomas, two men who would affect his life in significant ways. Pound and Thomas were the first to review his work in a favorable light, as well as provide significant encouragement. Frost credited Thomas's long walks over the English landscape as the inspiration for one of his most famous poems, "The Road Not Taken."

Apparently, Thomas's indecision and regret regarding what paths to take inspired Frost's work. The time Frost spent in England was one of the most significant periods in his life, but it was short-lived. Shortly after World War I broke out in August 1914, Frost and Elinor were forced to return to America.

Public Recognition for Frost’s Poetry

When Frost arrived back in America, his reputation had preceded him, and he was well-received by the literary world. His new publisher, Henry Holt, who would remain with him for the rest of his life, had purchased all of the copies of North of Boston . In 1916, he published Frost's Mountain Interval , a collection of other works that he created while in England, including a tribute to Thomas.

Journals such as the Atlantic Monthly , who had turned Frost down when he submitted work earlier, now came calling. Frost famously sent the Atlantic the same poems that they had rejected before his stay in England.

In 1915, Frost and Elinor settled down on a farm that they purchased in Franconia, New Hampshire. There, Frost began a long career as a teacher at several colleges, reciting poetry to eager crowds and writing all the while.

He taught at Dartmouth and the University of Michigan at various times, but his most significant association was with Amherst College , where he taught steadily during the period from 1916 until his wife’s death in 1938. The main library is now named in his honor.

For a period of more than 40 years beginning in 1921, Frost also spent almost every summer and fall at Middlebury College , teaching English on its campus in Ripton, Vermont.

In the late 1950s, Frost, along with Ernest Hemingway and T. S. Eliot , championed the release of his old acquaintance Ezra Pound, who was being held in a federal mental hospital for treason due to his involvement with fascists in Italy during World War II . Pound was released in 1958, after the indictments were dropped.

Famous Poems

Some of Frost’s most well-known poems include:

• “The Road Not Taken”
• “Fire and Ice”
• “Mending Wall”
• “Home Burial”
• “The Death of the Hired Man”
• “Stopping By Woods on a Snowy Evening”
• “Acquainted with the Night”
• “Nothing Gold Can Stay”

Pulitzer Prizes and Awards

During his lifetime, Frost received more than 40 honorary degrees.

In 1924, Frost was awarded his first of four Pulitzer Prizes, for his book New Hampshire . He would subsequently win Pulitzers for Collected Poems (1931), A Further Range (1937) and A Witness Tree (1943).

In 1960, Congress awarded Frost the Congressional Gold Medal.

President John F. Kennedy’s Inauguration

At the age of 86, Frost was honored when asked to write and recite a poem for President John F. Kennedy's 1961 inauguration. His sight now failing, he was not able to see the words in the sunlight and substituted the reading of one of his poems, "The Gift Outright," which he had committed to memory.

Soviet Union Tour

In 1962, Frost visited the Soviet Union on a goodwill tour. However, when he accidentally misrepresented a statement made by Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev following their meeting, he unwittingly undid much of the good intended by his visit.

On January 29, 1963, Frost died from complications related to prostate surgery. He was survived by two of his daughters, Lesley and Irma. His ashes are interred in a family plot in Bennington, Vermont.

QUICK FACTS

• Name: Robert Lee Frost
• Birth Year: 1874
• Birth date: March 26, 1874
• Birth State: California
• Birth City: San Francisco
• Birth Country: United States
• Gender: Male
• Best Known For: Robert Frost was an American poet who depicted realistic New England life through language and situations familiar to the common man. He won four Pulitzer Prizes for his work and spoke at John F. Kennedy's 1961 inauguration.
• Fiction and Poetry
• Astrological Sign: Aries
• Harvard University
• Lawrence High School
• Dartmouth College
• Death Year: 1963
• Death date: January 29, 1963
• Death State: Massachusetts
• Death City: Boston
• Death Country: United States

We strive for accuracy and fairness.If you see something that doesn't look right, contact us !

CITATION INFORMATION

• Article Title: Robert Frost Biography
• Author: Biography.com Editors
• Website Name: The Biography.com website
• Url: https://www.biography.com/authors-writers/robert-frost
• Access Date:
• Publisher: A&E; Television Networks
• Last Updated: December 1, 2021
• Original Published Date: April 2, 2014
• The ear does it. The ear is the only true writer and the only true reader.
• I would have written of me on my stone: I had a lover's quarrel with the world.

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Life and Works of Robert Frost

The Risk of Spirit: An Artist's Life

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English Project On the Biography Of Robert Frost For 9th Class

Table of Contents

Acknowledgment

Embarking on this exploration of Robert Lee Frost’s life and poetry has been a rewarding journey, and it is with sincere gratitude that I extend my appreciation to those who have contributed to the realization of this project.

First and foremost, I express my heartfelt thanks to the literary scholars and biographers whose insightful works served as beacons guiding this endeavor. The richness of their research laid the foundation for a comprehensive understanding of Robert Frost’s life, his struggles, triumphs, and the enduring legacy of his poetry.

To the academic community and institutions that have preserved Frost’s lectures and writings, I extend my appreciation for providing valuable resources that enriched the depth of this project. The dedication of those who have curated and maintained archives has been instrumental in fostering a nuanced portrayal of Frost’s academic contributions.

I extend my gratitude to the authors of critical analyses and interpretations, whose meticulous examinations illuminated the nuances of Frost’s poetry, offering fresh perspectives and fostering a deeper appreciation for his literary prowess.

Furthermore, I acknowledge the creators of general works on American literature, whose broad perspectives contextualized Frost within the broader tapestry of literary history. Their contributions have been instrumental in framing Frost’s significance in the broader narrative of American literary heritage.

A special note of thanks goes to the educators and mentors who have inspired a passion for literature and provided guidance throughout this academic pursuit. Your encouragement has been a constant source of motivation.

Lastly, I express my gratitude to the enduring legacy of Robert Frost himself. His words, as immortalized in verse, have been both a guide and a source of inspiration. The simplicity and profundity of his poetry continue to resonate, and it is an honor to contribute to the ongoing dialogue surrounding his life and works.

This project stands as a collaborative effort, and it is with sincere appreciation for the collective wisdom, dedication, and inspiration from the literary community and beyond that I present this exploration into the life and legacy of Robert Frost.

Introduction

In the tapestry of American literature, few figures stand as tall and enduring as Robert Lee Frost, a luminary whose poetic brilliance has left an indelible mark on the cultural landscape. Born on March 26, 1874, in the bustling city of San Francisco, Frost’s journey unfolded against the backdrop of familial tragedies, financial struggles, and an unwavering spirit that would come to define his artistry.

This project endeavors to unravel the multifaceted narrative of Robert Frost’s life, exploring the crucible of his early years marked by adversity and resilience. From the poignant verses inspired by the loss of his father to the exploration of rustic New England life and the nuances of human nature, Frost’s poetry encapsulates the essence of the human condition.

The odyssey of Frost’s poetic career, from the self-publishing endeavors of “A Boy’s Will” to the critical acclaim earned with “North of Boston,” takes center stage. His sojourn across the Atlantic, encounters with influential poets in England, and the subsequent return to the United States form pivotal chapters in this literary exploration.

Beyond the realms of verse, Frost’s later years unfold, marked by academic recognition, prestigious awards, and a poetic legacy that transcends temporal boundaries. As we navigate Frost’s impact on poetry, his profound reflections on life’s choices in iconic works like “Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening” and “The Road Not Taken” beckon our contemplation.

This project further delves into Frost’s academic sojourn, his esteemed professorship, and the resonating cadence of his lectures. The symphony of accolades, including multiple Pulitzer Prizes and a memorable recitation at President John F. Kennedy’s inauguration, paints a portrait of a poet whose influence extends far beyond the confines of verse.

As we explore Frost’s legacy, we traverse the enduring impact of his poetry on generations of readers and writers. The simplicity of rural themes, clarity of expression, and profound insights echo through literature classes worldwide, underscoring Frost’s role as a literary giant.

The narrative concludes with reflections on Frost’s death in 1963, and the enduring legacy that persists through his timeless verses. Through the lens of this project, we embark on a journey through the life, works, and lasting influence of Robert Frost, a poet whose words continue to resonate, transcending the boundaries of time and enriching the literary tapestry of America.

• Childhood : Amidst the tapestry of Robert Frost’s childhood, threads of tragedy were woven. At a tender age of 11, Frost confronted the untimely departure of his father, William Prescott Frost Jr., thrusting the family into the throes of financial uncertainty.Difficulties served as the crucible of Frost’s early years, forging a tenacious spirit and unyielding determination.
• Education : The hallowed halls of Dartmouth College briefly embraced Frost, yet financial constraints compelled him to depart before securing his degree.In the crucible of life, Frost donned various hats, embracing roles as a teacher, a tiller of the soil, and even as the wordsmith behind a local newspaper’s editorial helm.

Poetry Career Begins

• Early Poems : The lyrical odyssey embarked with “My Butterfly: An Elegy” in 1894, a nascent whisper of Frost’s poetic prowess.In 1913, the self-published “A Boy’s Will” heralded Frost’s distinctive voice, resonating with the cadence of authenticity.
• Move to England : Venturing across the Atlantic in 1912, Frost and his kin found themselves in England’s embrace, crossing paths with luminaries like Edward Thomas and Ezra Pound.The 1914 masterpiece, “North of Boston,” etched Frost’s name in literary annals, anointed as a noteworthy poet.

Return to the United States

• Recognition : The prodigal poet returned to the United States in 1915, greeted by a crescendo of acclaim for his verse.In 1924, the first of four Pulitzer Prizes graced Frost’s mantelpiece, bestowed upon “New Hampshire: A Poem with Notes and Grace Notes.”
• Notable Works : “Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening” (1923): Frost’s magnum opus, renowned for its contemplative aura and vivid imagery.”The Road Not Taken” (1916): An icon in the literary firmament, this work navigates the labyrinth of choices and their profound repercussions.

Later Years

• Academic Recognition : Embarking on an intellectual sojourn, Frost assumed the mantle of a professor at Amherst College in 1916, later gracing the hallowed halls of Harvard University. His indelible mark on academia echoed his unique perspective, seamlessly blending rustic wisdom with scholarly rigor.Lectures and Readings: Within the academic embrace, Frost’s lectures and readings became a mesmerizing symphony, resonating with the intellectual elite and solidifying his status as a literary giant.
• Awards and Honors : In a chorus of accolades, Frost stood adorned with numerous honors, including the prestigious Pulitzer Prize and the Congressional Gold Medal. His poetic eloquence reached its zenith when he recited “The Gift Outright” at President John F. Kennedy’s inauguration in 1961.
• Impact on Poetry : Frost’s poetic opus, bathed in the crystal-clear waters of clarity, delved into rural themes, offering profound reflections on the tapestry of life. His verses stand as timeless monuments, shaping the contours of poetic expression.
• Enduring Influence: Like a pebble cast into a literary pond, Frost’s work created ripples that endure. Studied and savored in literature classes worldwide, his influence transcends time, touching the hearts and minds of poets and readers across generations.
• Death : On January 29, 1963, the poetic lyre fell silent as Robert Frost departed this world in Boston, Massachusetts.
• Enduring Legacy: Beyond the mortal realm, Frost’s legacy weaves itself into the very fabric of American literature. His verses, like whispered secrets of the countryside, continue to echo, a testament to a literary luminary whose impact refuses to wane.

In tracing the contours of Robert Lee Frost’s life and legacy, this project has sought to illuminate the profound resonance of his poetry and the indomitable spirit that shaped his journey. As we draw the curtains on this exploration, a tapestry of resilience, introspection, and literary brilliance unfurls before us.

Frost’s early years, etched with the ink of familial tragedies and financial constraints, birthed a spirit that would navigate the complexities of existence. His verses, like seeds sown in adversity, germinated into the rich tapestry of rural New England life, human observations, and the nuanced use of everyday language.

The trajectory of Frost’s poetic career, from the self-published pages of “A Boy’s Will” to the critical acclaim of “North of Boston,” paints a portrait of a poet who dared to carve his own path. The sojourn to England, encounters with influential poets, and the return to the United States marked pivotal chapters in a narrative that transcends geographical boundaries.

Academic recognition and accolades adorned Frost’s later years, casting a spotlight on his intellectual prowess and the enduring impact of his lectures. The legacy of awards, including multiple Pulitzer Prizes and a momentous recitation at President John F. Kennedy’s inauguration, attests to Frost’s position as a literary giant.

As we reflect on Frost’s legacy, his poetry emerges as a timeless echo, resonating across generations. The simplicity of rural themes, the clarity of expression, and the profound reflections on life’s choices continue to reverberate in literature classes worldwide. Frost’s legacy endures not merely as ink on paper but as a living testament to the enduring power of words.

In the quietude of conclusion, we recognize the profound impact of Robert Frost’s death in 1963, even as his legacy persists through the lasting contributions he made to American literature. Through the lens of this project, we have journeyed through the complexities of Frost’s life, the beauty of his verse, and the lasting influence of his literary footprint.

In closing, this exploration into the life and works of Robert Frost is more than an academic pursuit; it is a celebration of a poet whose words continue to breathe life into the human experience. Through adversity and acclaim, Frost’s legacy stands as a testament to the enduring power of language, reminding us that within the cadence of carefully chosen words lies the ability to transcend time and touch the soul.

Bibliography

• Thompson, Lawrance Roger. Robert Frost: The Early Years, 1874-1915.
• Pritchard, William H. Frost: A Literary Life Reconsidered.
• Frost, Robert. A Boy’s Will.
• Frost, Robert. North of Boston.
• Frost, Robert. New Hampshire: A Poem with Notes and Grace Notes.
• Parini, Jay. Robert Frost: A Life.
• Faggen, Robert. Robert Frost and the Challenge of Darwin.
• Sheehy, Donald. Robert Frost: The People, Places, and Stories Behind His New England Poetry.
• Thompson, Lawrance Roger. Fire and Ice: The Art and Thought of Robert Frost.
• Meyers, Jeffrey. Robert Frost: A Biography.
• Bloom, Harold, ed. Robert Frost.
• Richardson, Mark. The Ordeal of Robert Frost: The Poet and His Poetics.
• Poirier, Richard. Robert Frost: The Work of Knowing.
• Travis, Molly. Reading the Poetry of Robert Frost: The Poems in Depth.
• Cox, James M. Robert Frost: A Collection of Critical Essays.
• Untermeyer, Louis. Modern American Poetry.
• Baym, Nina, et al. The Norton Anthology of American Literature.

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Robert Frost

Robert Frost was born on March 26, 1874, in San Francisco, where his father, William Prescott Frost, Jr., and his mother, Isabelle Moodie, had moved from Pennsylvania shortly after marrying. After the death of his father from tuberculosis when Frost was eleven years old, he moved with his mother and sister, Jeanie, who was two years younger, to Lawrence, Massachusetts. He became interested in reading and writing poetry during his high school years in Lawrence, enrolled at Dartmouth College in Hanover, New Hampshire in 1892 and, later, at Harvard University, though he never earned a formal degree.

Frost drifted through a string of occupations after leaving school, working as a teacher, cobbler, and editor of the Lawrence Sentinel . His first published poem, “My Butterfly,” appeared on November 8, 1894 in the New York newspaper The Independent .

In 1895, Frost married Elinor Miriam White, with whom he’d shared valedictorian honors in high school, and who was a major inspiration for his poetry until her death in 1938. The couple moved to England in 1912, after they tried and failed at farming in New Hampshire. It was abroad where Frost met and was influenced by such contemporary British poets as Edward Thomas , Rupert Brooke , and Robert Graves . While in England, Frost also established a friendship with the poet Ezra Pound , who helped to promote and publish his work.

By the time Frost returned to the United States in 1915, he had published two full-length collections, A Boy’s Will (Henry Holt and Company, 1913) and North of Boston (Henry Holt and Company, 1914), thereby establishing his reputation. By the 1920s, he was the most celebrated poet in America, and with each new book—including New Hampshire (Henry Holt and Company, 1923), A Further Range (Henry Holt and Company, 1936), Steeple Bush (Henry Holt and Company, 1947), and In the Clearing (Holt Rinehart & Winston, 1962)—his fame and honors, including four Pulitzer Prizes, increased. Frost served as a consultant in poetry to the Library of Congress from 1958–59. In 1962, he was presented the Congressional Gold Medal. 

Though Frost’s work is principally associated with the life and landscape of New England—and, though he was a poet of traditional verse forms and metrics who remained steadfastly aloof from the poetic movements and fashions of his time—Frost is anything but merely a regional poet. The author of searching, and often dark, meditations on universal themes, he is a quintessentially modern poet in his adherence to language as it is actually spoken, in the psychological complexity of his portraits, and in the degree to which his work is infused with layers of ambiguity and irony.

In a 1970 review of The Poetry of Robert Frost , the poet Daniel Hoffman describes Frost’s early work as “the Puritan ethic turned astonishingly lyrical and enabled to say out loud the sources of its own delight in the world,” and comments on Frost’s career as the “American Bard”: “He became a national celebrity, our nearly official poet laureate, and a great performer in the tradition of that earlier master of the literary vernacular, Mark Twain.”

President John F. Kennedy, at whose inauguration Frost delivered a poem, said of the poet, “He has bequeathed his nation a body of imperishable verse from which Americans will forever gain joy and understanding.” And famously, “He saw poetry as the means of saving power from itself. When power leads man towards arrogance, poetry reminds him of his limitations. When power narrows the areas of man’s concern, poetry reminds him of the richness and diversity of his existence. When power corrupts, poetry cleanses.”

Robert Frost lived and taught for many years in Massachusetts and Vermont, and died in Boston on January 29, 1963.

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Robert Frost

Robert Frost (Robert Lee Frost) was an American Poet. Before his works were published in America, they were published in England. Frost is known for his accurate description of country life and his grasp on the colloquial speech of America. Frost wrote about the rural life of New England in the early 20 th century. He used the settings of New England to analyze the philosophical and complex social themes.

Frost was admired and honored for his poetry. He is the only poet who received four Pulitzer Prizes in Poetry. He turned out to be one of the rare literary figures of America who was almost an artistic institution. In 1960, he was honored with the Congressional Gold Medal for his poetry. He was named as poet laureate of Vermont on 22 nd July 1961. 

A Short Biography of Robert Frost

Robert Frost was born on 26 th August 1874 to William Prescott, Jr. and Isabelle Moodie Frost. His father, William, was a journalist and was ambitious to make his career in California. He has only one sister Jeanie Frost. In 1885, his father died, and his mother shifted to Lawrence, Massachusetts, with her two children. The children were taken by the paternal grandparents of Robert and grew up in Lawrence, whereas his mother started teaching at different schools in Massachusetts and New Hampshire. In 1892, Robert graduated from high school. He was a top student in the class and shared his valediction honors with his beloved Elinor White.

Both Elinor and Robert shared interest in poetry; however, they were separated as Robert continued his education at Dartmouth College, and Elinor went to St. Lawrence University. The poetic career Robert had started in high school was continued by him. He published his first poem, My Butterfly: An Elegy” in 1894 in a weekly journal, The Independent. Frost left Dartmouth College before the completion of his first year because of the tiring academic routine. 

In 1985, he married Elinor. However, life was difficult, and Robert started teaching and farming to support his family. His fields of career did not meet any notable success. In the following twelve years, they had six children. Two of the children died at an early age. In 1897, Robert resumed his education at Harvard University and left the university after two years. From1900 to 1909, the family started poultry on a farm in New Hampshire; Frost also started teaching at the Pinkerton Academy in Derry. Frost turned into an ambitious botanist and attained his poetic identity of a rural sage of New England during these years. He was writing poetry during the time, but the publishing opening shows that he did not have much interest in it.

Frost was struggling against the discouragement by 1911. For him, poetry was regarded as a game of a young person. Whereas Frost, who was almost 40 years old, could not publish a book and only had published a few handfuls of poems in magazines. In 1911, Frost got ownership of the Derry farm. He made a sudden decision to sell the farm and started a new life in London. To him, the publishers in London were more approachable to new talent than in America. In 1912, Frost, along with his family, moved to England. Frost also took his poems with him that he had written in America but did not publish it. Indeed the publishers of England proved receptive to an innovative verse of Robert Frost. Frost n with his own efforts and help of Ezra pound published his book A Boy’s Will in 1913. His poems “The Tuft of Flowers,” “Mowing,” and “Storm Fear” from the first book were the standard pieces.

In 1914, he published his second collection North of Boston. The collection contained the major and most popular poems of Robert Frost. These poems include “The Death of the Hired Man,” “After Apple-Picking,” “Mending Wall,” and “Home Burial.” In 1914, Anne Lowell, the Boston poet, traveled to England and encountered Frost’s work in the bookstore. She took the books with her to America and launched a campaign to publish it in America. In the meantime, she also started writing a complimentary review of North of Boston.

Frost had achieved great fame without his knowledge. In 1915, Frost returned to America because of World War I. Till that time, the review of Amy Lowell was already published, and everyone was aware of the unusual qualities of Robert Frost. His book North of Boston had been published by Henry Holt Publishers in 1914. It was the best-seller, and when Frost was moving to America, it had already started publishing the American edition of A Boy’s Will. Frost was instantly approached by various magazines to publish his poems.

In 1915, at Franconia, New Hampshire, Frost bought a little farm. However, he was unable to support his family with the income of poetry and farm.  Thus, he started lecturing part-time at Amherst College. From 1916 to 1938, he taught at the University of Michigan. In 1916, he published a new collection of poems, Mountain Interval. The collection continued to be as successful and the previous one. In 1923, he published New Hampshire. This collection received a Pulitzer Prize for poetry. 

His further collection was published in the succeeding years. He published Collected Poem in 1930, Further Range in 1936, and A Witness Tree in 1942. He also published volumes of poetry that includes West-Running Brook in 1928, In Clearing in 1962, and Steeple Blush in 1947. From 1939 to 1943, he served as the Poet-in-residence at Harvard; from 1943 to 1949 at Dartmouth; and from 1949 to 63 at Amherst College. He gathered awards and honors from every year in his last years. He also served as the poetry consultant to the Library of Congress from 1958 to 1959.

In 1962, on a goodwill tour, Frost visited the Soviet Union. However, he, by mistake, altered the statement by Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev after the meeting. The good intended by the visit was unwittingly undone.

On 29 th January 1963, frost faced complications from his prostate surgery and died. He left two daughters, Irma and Lesley. His remains are buried in Bennington, Vermont, in a family plot. 

Robert Frost’s Literary Style

A regional poet.

Robert Frost was living in the region of New England, almost in New Hampshire. He considered it to be one of the two best states in the United States of America; the other was Vermont. He was a poet in his region. He did not include the region of all of America in his poetic scope. However, he also did not attempt to bring regional unity to his characters and also create a Utopian world for them. According to John Lynen, “Frost is the best known to the public as the poet of New England. Like Faulkner, he stands forth as both the interpreter and the representative of his regional culture.”

The setting of New England offered him stories, characters, attitudes that he needed. He loved the tradition of New England and sought strength from it. His works fall in the pastoral literary tradition. His characters, subjects, and events belong to rural New England. He focuses on the ordinary setting and events of rural areas.

Symbolism in Robert Frost’s Poetry

Symbolism is an indirect and veiled mode of communication. Along with the surface meaning, a literary piece also has a deeper meaning, which can only be understood when one reads the poem/literary work through close examination. The poems of Robert Frost have symbolic meaning.

For example, the poem “Mending Wall” apparently suggests that good neighbors are made by good friends. However, the poem symbolically deals with one of the significant problems. It put forwards the question of whether to make the natural boundaries strong to protect ourselves or to remove them as they limit our interaction with other people.

Similarly, the poem “Stopping by Woods” symbolically suggests the struggle of every individual between their social duties towards others with the stresses of our practical life and the moving longing to escape into nature and relax. Moreover, darks woods in the poem that is covered with the snow, and the speaker is greatly attracted to it, symbolizes death. However, the speaker turns down the call of nature (wood) and decides on fulfilling his social obligations. The speaker says:

“The woods are lovely, dark and deep

  But I have promises to keep,

  And miles to go before I sleep,

  And miles to go before I sleep.”

The poem “Stopping by Woods on a snowy evening” has a new sort of symbolism, unlike the outdated traditional pastoral symbolism. The subtly and indirect nature of Frost’s symbolism in the poem is due to its fondness for inference than obvious statements.  It is due to this subtle quality that readers admire Frost’s poetry. Another unique quality in the reading of the poems of Frost is that our surface understanding of the poem does not coincide with deeper meaning. 

 Though the poems or subject matters, Frost’s poetry is complicated. However, clarity in verse veiled the complications and made the poem comprehensible. Even if the poems had nothing but surface meaning, Frost would be admired for his clarity of verse.

Seriousness and Spontaneity in Frost’s Poetry

The whole life of Robert Frost was dedicated to his poetry, which shows his seriousness for his art. But in the initial life, he did not pay much attention to his poetic talent or analyze the source of his poetic gift. This turned the poetry of Frost having unforced, simple, and lyric charm. It appears to be written effortlessly and naturally, just as breathing.

The verse of Robert Frost d stately, formed, and easily anticipated. The technique he employed is simple. He carefully handles the language and rhythm that his most sophisticated poems have spontaneity. Therefore, his ideas seem to be suddenly discovered, not conceived earlier.

Isolation and Loneliness in Robert Frost’s Poetry

One of the important themes of the poetry of Robert Brown is the isolation of man in the universe and his feeling of alienation from nature. The Majority of his poems deal with the feeling of loneliness and sense of isolation. These themes are also influenced by Frost’s personal experiences. Frost’s sister Jeanie has been mentally ill for a long period due to which she became completely alienated from the world. Jeanie was not able to cope with the stiffness and cruelty of existence. For her, the reality of love, birth, and death was conflicting. The ideal world of Jeanie never reconciled with her real world.

In the poem “Home Burial,” the plight of the husband is similar to the plight of Frost in being powerless to deter her sister from the view of the world. The woman in the poem is unable to accept the reality of the situation, just like Jeanie. The woman is unable to reconcile herself to the death of her child and becomes totally alienated from the world.

Similarly, in the poem “An Old Man’s Winter Night” is about an old man roaming alone in the empty house on a winter night and then goes to the store and sleep beside it. The poem efficiently portrays the loneliness of old age and shows deep hostility of life counter to death.

“One Aged Man—-One Man—Can’t Keep A House,

  A Farm, A Countryside, Or If He Can,

  It’s Thus He Does It Of A Winter Night.”

The Portrayal of Characters and Psychoanalysis

Frost’s poems also depict the characters with a psychoanalytical approach. The psychoanalytical approach shows the features of modernism in Frost’s poetry. In these poems, Frost explores the unconscious mind of his characters, although Frost does not seem to be directly influenced by Sigmund Freud. His poetry also focuses on abnormal psychology, dealing with morbid and unconventional behavior of humans. In these poems, the characters are lonely and neurotic. For example, in the poem Home Burial , there is an over-wrought mother who is outrageous in the grief of the death of her child.

Similarly, in “The Death of Hired Man,” the decaying Silas is adhering through carelessness and failure to his need for self-respect. The characters of Robert Frost are full of blood and flesh; he enters into their mind with intense awareness and brings into reality their movements, actions, and speeches with psychoanalytical power.

Narrative and Dramatic Quality of Frost’s poetry

Robert Frost’s poetry is essentially dramatic, no matter what the theme is. He dramatizes his poetry for his readers by creating full scenes of situations and a realistic atmosphere. The dramatic quality is at the peak in the poem at denouement when the fact of the world in the poem attains its metaphysical significance.

For example, in the poem “Home Burial” and “The Death of Hired Man” characters, scenes, and dialogues are shown with full narrative skills like a stage drama.

Fancy and Fact in Frost’s Poetry

The poetry of Robert Frost is beautifully blended of fancy and fact. He inculcates everything in his observation. In the poem “Stopping by Woods,” Frost blends the fancy and facts through the feeling of enjoying the scene of beautiful wood and trying to escape from reality. The speaker is captivated in a lovely scene, but at the same time, he realizes his social obligations of the real and practical life.

Conversational and colloquial Style of Robert Frost

Robert Frost mastered the colloquial and conversational style. He uses sober, quire, and bewitching sort of words. His dialogues are homely, such as in Poem “Home Burial” and “Death of The Hired Man.” His poetry has actual speech rhythm and employed it with mastery. One of his distinguishing features includes the movement of blank verse. The diction he uses is also simple and colloquial. Just like Wordsworth, he employed the language really used by the common man.

Poet of Nature

One of the dominant subjects of Frost’s poetry is Nature; however, he is not nature-poet like that of Thomas Hardy and Wordsworth. His poetry focuses on a man in nature, whereas the poetry of Wordsworth deals with the prospect of the natural world. He perceives no infusing essence in the natural objective and hardhearted. For Frost, nature provides comfort as well as a threat. 

Philosophy, Moral Didacticism, and Aphorism

The wisdom that develops by tolerance, understanding, and observation is preferred by Frost. He is a philosophical poet, and his philosophical value lies in the incentive of intelligence which assists human actions in everyday life. The main characteristics of Frost’s poetry are: it is philosophical, didactic, and aphoristic. The aphoristic verses in the poem provide philosophical and didactic quality. The Following are the examples of his aphoristic lines from different poems.

“A Home is a place where, when you have to go there, they have to take you in” from the poem “Death of Hired Man.”

“Something there is that doesn’t love a wall” From the poem “Mending Wall.”

“Earth’s right place for love

I do not know where it’s likely to go better ” From the poem “Birches.”

“But I have promises to keep,

And miles to go before I sleep” from the poem “Stopping by Wood.”

Though the poems of Frost have a moral purpose, however, the moral lesson is given through either an argument moving the lyric or in a dramatic situation. The moral lesson is not explicit and obvious. Similarly, he deals with the notions of life, birth, truth, and death to make his poem philosophical.

Lyrical Quality

In his poetry, Frost employs the oldest way to make a new and distinctive lyrical form of poetry. Musicality is an essential feature of a lyrical poem, and musicality in the verses is achieved by rhyme, meter, and traditional patterns of stanzas. Frost’s main reputation is based on the lyrical quality of his poetry. For example, in the poem “Stopping by Wood” and “The Road Not Taken” is full of lyricism. In his poetry, Frost not only renews the subject of lyricism in poetry but also brought originality and astonishing sophistication to it. Frost focuses much on the tune and sound of his poem.

Fusion or Integration in Frost’s Poetry

In Frost’s poetry, heterogeneous ideas and elements are fused together in a single independent unit. The main problem is to achieve fusion and integration. Once the integration is achieved, wonder, mystery, and magic are observed in the poetry. According to Frost, a variety of poetry lies not in its uniqueness of form but in the uniqueness of its subject matter. The two ideas fused together in a poem may be difficult to separate from each other. In Frost, poetry, two different subjects are happily united, not forcefully.

Metaphysical Elements in Frost’s Poetry

Just Emerson and Emily Dickenson, Frost is also a metaphysical poet. His metaphysical quality permits him to see beyond the ordinary. Throughout the poems of Frost, like other great metaphysical poems, there is an increased tension created between the simple feet and the mystery revolving around it. The conflict is resolved at the end of the poem with a moral lesson. 

The Irony in Robert Frost’s Poetry

In “Two Ways of Looking at Robert Frost, Randel Jarrell writes: “At its best, Frost’s irony is the sharpest of poetic weapons; at its worst, it is the forgivable pun of a wise old duffer.”

There are two personalities of Robert Frost. The one that everyone knows and the one nobody really knows it or talks about it. The personality of Frost that everyone knows is the one who writes poetry with good puns, and these puns are easily understood by the common readers. For academic writers, the easy side is very attractive, and it is this side that the other personality of the poet is neglected. Similarly, the poetry of Frost has two sides: simple and ironic. The irony is hardly understood by anyone. 

Works Of Robert Frost

• The Road Not Taken
• Mending Wall

The Road Not Taken – Beehive – Class IX – English – NCERT

The Road Not Taken By Robert Frost

Image Reference:  biography.com

P1: The Road Not Taken

Two roads diverged in a yellow wood, And sorry I could not travel both And be one traveller, long I stood And looked down one as far as I could To where it bent in the undergrowth;

Then took the other, as just as fair, And having perhaps the better claim, Because it was grassy and wanted wear; Though as for that the passing there Had worn them really about the same,

And both that morning equally lay In leaves no step had trodden black. Oh, I kept the first for another day! Yet knowing how way leads on to way, I doubted if I should ever come back.

I shall be telling this with a sigh Somewhere ages and ages hence: Two roads diverged in a wood, and I- I took the one less travelled by, And that has made all the difference.

About the Poet

Robert Frost was born in 1874 in San Franscisco. He spent most of his adult life in rural New England. He attended Dartmouth and Harvard but never earned a degree. He attempted to write poetry while working on a farm or teaching in a school. American editors rejected his submitted poems. Frost moved his family to England in 1912 and the following year a London publisher brought out his first book. After publishing a second book, Frost returned to America and determined to win a reputation in his own country, which he gradually achieved. He became one of the country’s best-loved poets.

One day the poet comes to a bifurcation in the road and needs to decide which road he should take to continue his journey. One road was a beaten track. Many people had walked on it. It was lost in the small shrubs. The other road was grassy and seemed less trodden. Being adventurous in nature, the poet chooses the second road which was grassy and less walked on and left the first one for some other day.

1. Read the following extract and answer the questions given below.

Two roads diverged in yellow wood And sorry I could not travel both And be one traveller long I stood And looked down one as far as I could To where it bent in the undergrowth

Q. Where did the poet stand? What did he see? Ans. The poet stood at a point where two road diverged in a forest. It was autumn and the leaves of the trees had turned yellow and were falling.

Q. Why did the poet stand there for “long”? Ans. The poet stood there for “long” as he was thinking which road he should choose. The poet here is using ‘roads’ as symbols of choices in life one makes

Q. Why does the poet describe the woods as yellow? Ans. It is autumn time and the leaves have turned from green to brown to yellow and the entire forest looks like this so he has described it as yellow.

Q. Why did the poet feel like travelling both the roads? Ans. He wanted to do so because both the roads looked equally fair and promising.

Q. Why did the poet choose the other road? Ans. He chose the other road because it was grassy, less travelled and wanted wear.

Q What was the doubt in poet’s mind? Ans. The poet doubted if he would ever be able to come back to travel the first road.

2. Read the following extract and answer the questions given below.

Q. Which road did the poet take? Ans. The poet took the other road; meaning the road that was not taken by most of the travellers.

Q. Why did the poet take the “other” road? Ans. The poet took the road less travelled because it was grassy and wanted wear.

3. Read the following extract and answer the questions given below.

And both that morning equally lay In leaves no step had trodden black Oh, I kept the first for another day! Yet knowing how way leads on to way, I doubted if I should ever come back.

Q. What decision does the speaker take of the ‘first’ road?

Ans. When the poet sees two roads diverging in a forest, he decides to take the second one and leave the first one for some other day.

Q. Explain: ‘‘In leaves no step had trodden black.’’ Ans. It means that the leaves on the other road were intact. There were no marks that anyone had trodden on them.

Q. What doubt crops up in the speaker’s mind? Ans. The poet was in a dilemma as to which road, out of the two, he should follow.

4. Read the following extract and answer the questions given below.

I shall be telling this with a sigh  Somewhere ages and ages hence:  Two roads diverged in a wood, and I- I took the one less travelled by,  And that has made all the difference.

Q. Why does the poet say he shall tell people ‘this with a sigh’? Ans. The poet wishes to walk on the road that he has not chosen, but he has accepted the fact that once a choice is made it is difficult to go back on it.

Q. What does the poet mean by “I took the one less traveled by”? Ans. “I took the one less traveled by’ indicates that the poet made a choice not exercised by a majority of people.

Q. What “difference” has been made by his choice? Ans. He is what he is today because of the choice he made several years ago. If he had chosen a different path, he would not be what he was today, he would have been a different person. Short and Long Answer Type Questions

Short and Long Answer Type Questions

Q. Describe the two roads that the author finds. Which road does he choose?

Ans. One day the poet comes to a bifurcation in the road and needs to decide which road he should take to continue his journey. One road was a beaten track. Many people had walked on it. It was lost in the small shrubs. The other road was grassy and seemed less trodden. Being adventurous in nature, the poet chooses the second road which was grassy and less walked on and left the first one for some other day.

Q. Why did the poet keep the first road for another day?

Ans. Once the poet had to make a decision as to which road he should travel out of two in front of him. He examines both the roads and finds the other road less travelled. He didn’t want to follow a beaten track and decides to take the other road and keep the first road for some other day. But somewhere in his mind, he is troubled with the thought that he may not be able to do so.

Q. “I took the one less travelled by.” What do we come to know about the poet from this line?

Ans. This line reveals the adventurous nature of the poet because when he had to take a decision of making a choice, he did not take the beaten track. He chooses the path which is not f requented. He decides to leave the first road for some other day knowing fully well that he will not get a chance to go back to it.

Q. Why was it so difficult for the poet to make a decision? Give reasons.

Ans. It was difficult for the poet to make a decision as he had no idea what any of them had in store for him. He was at a difficult time in his life, to remain in USA where he was not given recognition or to migrate to England. Only the future could tell. It was like taking a leap in the dark. Who could tell its result? It was difficult to say how he would be received in England as his experience of his birthplace USA was bitter.

Q. Write a brief note on the theme of Robert Frost’s poem ‘The Road Not Taken.’

Ans. The poem ‘The Road Not Taken’ is based on the theme of making a difficult choice which has a universal appeal. We regret in life when we do not make the right decision. Life is full of challenges and difficult decisions have to be made on which depends our future life and success.

Road is a symbolic word which stands for a choice. It is just not possible to make more than one choice, and to take both the roads. We have to make one choice, we have to take one road. While making our choice we do consider all the factors still it is not foolproof. So the element of regret remains which takes away our contentment. This is the great tragedy of life.

———xxXxx———

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• POET'S PAGE

Robert Frost

Biography of robert frost.

Robert Lee Frost (March 26, 1874 – January 29, 1963) was an American poet. His work was initially published in England before it was published in America. Known for his realistic depictions of rural life and his command of American colloquial speech, Frost frequently wrote about settings from rural life in New England in the early twentieth century, using them to examine complex social and philosophical themes.

Frost was honored frequently during his lifetime and is the only poet to receive four Pulitzer Prizes for Poetry. He became one of America's rare "public literary figures, almost an artistic institution." He was awarded the Congressional Gold Medal in 1960 for his poetic works. On July 22, 1961, Frost was named poet laureate of Vermont.

Early years

Robert Frost was born in San Francisco, California, to journalist William Prescott Frost, Jr., and Isabelle Moodie. His mother was a Scottish immigrant, and his father descended from Nicholas Frost of Tiverton, Devon, England, who had sailed to New Hampshire in 1634 on the Wolfrana.

Frost was a descendant of Samuel Appleton, one of the early settlers of Ipswich, Massachusetts, and Rev. George Phillips, one of the early settlers of Watertown, Massachusetts.

Frost's father was a teacher and later an editor of the San Francisco Evening Bulletin (which later merged with The San Francisco Examiner), and an unsuccessful candidate for city tax collector. After his death on May 5, 1885, the family moved across the country to Lawrence, Massachusetts, under the patronage of (Robert's grandfather) William Frost, Sr., who was an overseer at a New England mill. Frost graduated from Lawrence High School in 1892. Frost's mother joined the Swedenborgian church and had him baptized in it, but he left it as an adult.

Although known for his later association with rural life, Frost grew up in the city, and he published his first poem in his high school's magazine. He attended Dartmouth College for two months, long enough to be accepted into the Theta Delta Chi fraternity. Frost returned home to teach and to work at various jobs, including helping his mother teach her class of unruly boys, delivering newspapers, and working in a factory maintaining carbon arc lamps. He did not enjoy these jobs, feeling his true calling was poetry.

Adult years

In 1894, he sold his first poem, "My Butterfly. An Elegy" (published in the November 8, 1894, edition of the New York Independent) for $15 ($434 today). Proud of his accomplishment, he proposed marriage to Elinor Miriam White, but she demurred, wanting to finish college (at St. Lawrence University) before they married. Frost then went on an excursion to the Great Dismal Swamp in Virginia and asked Elinor again upon his return. Having graduated, she agreed, and they were married at Lawrence, Massachusetts on December 19, 1895.

Frost attended Harvard University from 1897 to 1899, but he left voluntarily due to illness. Shortly before his death, Frost's grandfather purchased a farm for Robert and Elinor in Derry, New Hampshire; Frost worked the farm for nine years while writing early in the mornings and producing many of the poems that would later become famous. Ultimately his farming proved unsuccessful and he returned to the field of education as an English teacher at New Hampshire's Pinkerton Academy from 1906 to 1911, then at the New Hampshire Normal School (now Plymouth State University) in Plymouth, New Hampshire.

In 1912, Frost sailed with his family to Great Britain, settling first in Beaconsfield, a small town outside London. His first book of poetry, A Boy's Will, was published the next year. In England he made some important acquaintances, including Edward Thomas (a member of the group known as the Dymock poets and Frost's inspiration for "The Road Not Taken"), T. E. Hulme, and Ezra Pound. Although Pound would become the first American to write a favorable review of Frost's work, Frost later resented Pound's attempts to manipulate his American prosody. Frost met or befriended many contemporary poets in England, especially after his first two poetry volumes were published in London in 1913 (A Boy's Will) and 1914 (North of Boston).

In 1915, during World War I, Frost returned to America, where Holt's American edition of A Boy's Will had recently been published, and bought a farm in Franconia, New Hampshire, where he launched a career of writing, teaching, and lecturing. This family homestead served as the Frosts' summer home until 1938. It is maintained today as The Frost Place, a museum and poetry conference site. He was made an honorary member of Phi Beta Kappa at Harvard in 1916. During the years 1917–20, 1923–25, and, on a more informal basis, 1926–1938, Frost taught English at Amherst College in Massachusetts, notably encouraging his students to account for the myriad sounds and intonations of the spoken English language in their writing. He called his colloquial approach to language "the sound of sense."

In 1924, he won the first of four Pulitzer Prizes for the book New Hampshire: A Poem with Notes and Grace Notes. He would win additional Pulitzers for Collected Poems in 1931, A Further Range in 1937, and A Witness Tree in 1943.

For forty-two years – from 1921 to 1962 – Frost spent almost every summer and fall teaching at the Bread Loaf School of English of Middlebury College, at its mountain campus at Ripton, Vermont. He is credited as a major influence upon the development of the school and its writing programs. The college now owns and maintains his former Ripton farmstead, a National Historic Landmark, near the Bread Loaf campus. In 1921 Frost accepted a fellowship teaching post at the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, where he resided until 1927 when he returned to teach at Amherst. While teaching at the University of Michigan, he was awarded a lifetime appointment at the University as a Fellow in Letters. The Robert Frost Ann Arbor home was purchased by The Henry Ford Museum in Dearborn, Michigan and relocated to the museum's Greenfield Village site for public tours. Throughout the 1920s, Frost also lived in his colonial era home in Shaftsbury, VT. The home opened as the Robert Frost Stone House Museum in 2002 and was given to Bennington College in 2017.

In 1934, Frost began to spend winter months in Florida. In March 1935, he gave a talk at the University of Miami. In 1940, he bought a 5-acre (2.0 ha) plot in South Miami, Florida, naming it Pencil Pines; he spent his winters there for the rest of his life. In her memoir about Frost's time in Florida, Helen Muir writes, "Frost had called his five acres Pencil Pines because he said he had never made a penny from anything that did not involve the use of a pencil." His properties also included a house on Brewster Street in Cambridge, Massachusetts.

Harvard's 1965 alumni directory indicates Frost received an honorary degree there. Although he never graduated from college, Frost received over 40 honorary degrees, including ones from Princeton, Oxford and Cambridge universities, and was the only person to receive two honorary degrees from Dartmouth College. During his lifetime, the Robert Frost Middle School in Fairfax, Virginia, the Robert L. Frost School in Lawrence, Massachusetts, and the main library of Amherst College were named after him.

In 1960, Frost was awarded a United States Congressional Gold Medal, "In recognition of his poetry, which has enriched the culture of the United States and the philosophy of the world," which was finally bestowed by President Kennedy in March 1962. Also in 1962, he was awarded the Edward MacDowell Medal for outstanding contribution to the arts by the MacDowell Colony.

Frost was 86 when he read at the inauguration of John F. Kennedy on January 20, 1961. Frost originally attempted to read his poem "Dedication", which was written for the occasion, but was unable to read it due to the brightness of the sunlight, so he recited his poem "The Gift Outright" from memory instead.

In the summer of 1962, Frost accompanied Interior Secretary Stewart Udall on a visit to the Soviet Union in hopes of meeting Nikita Khrushchev to lobby for peaceful relations between the two Cold War powers.

Frost died in Boston on January 29, 1963 of complications from prostate surgery. He was buried at the Old Bennington Cemetery in Bennington, Vermont. His epitaph quotes the last line from his poem, "The Lesson for Today" (1942): "I had a lover's quarrel with the world."

One of the original collections of Frost materials, to which he himself contributed, is found in the Special Collections department of the Jones Library in Amherst, Massachusetts. The collection consists of approximately twelve thousand items, including original manuscript poems and letters, correspondence and photographs, as well as audio and visual recordings. The Archives and Special Collections at Amherst College holds a small collection of his papers. The University of Michigan Library holds the Robert Frost Family Collection of manuscripts, photographs, printed items, and artwork. The most significant collection of Frost's working manuscripts is held by Dartmouth.

Personal Life

Robert Frost's personal life was plagued by grief and loss. In 1885 when he was 11, his father died of tuberculosis, leaving the family with just eight dollars. Frost's mother died of cancer in 1900. In 1920, he had to commit his younger sister Jeanie to a mental hospital, where she died nine years later. Mental illness apparently ran in Frost's family, as both he and his mother suffered from depression, and his daughter Irma was committed to a mental hospital in 1947. Frost's wife, Elinor, also experienced bouts of depression.

Elinor and Robert Frost had six children: son Elliot (1896–1900, died of cholera); daughter Lesley Frost Ballantine (1899–1983); son Carol (1902–1940, committed suicide); daughter Irma (1903–1967); daughter Marjorie (1905–1934, died as a result of puerperal fever after childbirth); and daughter Elinor Bettina (died just three days after her birth in 1907). Only Lesley and Irma outlived their father. Frost's wife, who had heart problems throughout her life, developed breast cancer in 1937, and died of heart failure in 1938.

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Essay, Biography or Paragraph on “Robert Frost” great author complete biography for Class 10, Class 12 and Graduation and other classes.

Robert Frost

(1874 – 1963)

Robert Frost was one of the finest of rural New England’s 20th century pastoral poets. Frost published his first books in Great Britain in the 1910s, but he soon became in his own country the most read and constantly anthologised poet. Frost was awarded the Pulitzer Prize four times. He was born in San Francisco, California on March 26, 1874. His father, a journalist and local politician, died when Frost was eleven years old. His Scottish mother resumed her career as a schoolteacher to support her family. The family hired in Lawrence, Massachusetts, with Frost’s paternal grandfather. In 1892 Frost graduated from a high-school and attended Dartmouth College for a few months. Over the next ten years he held a number of jobs. In 1 dent published Frost’s poem My Butte the New York Independent he had five poems privately printed. In 1895 he married a former schoolmate, Elinor White. Frost worked as a teacher and continued to write and publish his poems in magazines. From 1897 to 1899 Frost studied t Harvard, but left without receiving, a degree. He moved to Derry, New Hampshire, working there as a cobbler, farmer, and teacher at Pinkerton Academy and at the state normal school, in Plymouth.

In 1912 Frost published his first collection of poems, A Bay’s Will (1913) followed by North Boston (1914) , which gained international  reputation. The collection contains some of Frosts best known poems: Mending Wall, The Death of the Hired Man, Home Burial, After Apple-Picking, and The Mod-Pile. He taught later at Amherst’ College (1916-38) and Michigan universities. In 1916 Frost was made a member of the National Institute of Arts and Letters. In the same year appeared his third collection of verse, Mountain Interval. His wife died in 1938 and he lost four of his children. Frost also suffered from depression and continual self-doubt. After the death of his wife, Frost became strongly attracted to Kay Morrison, whom he employed as his secretary and adviser. Frost composed for her one of his finest love. poems, A Witness Tree. Frost participated in the inauguration of President John Kennedy in 1961 by reciting two of his poems. He travelled in 1962 to Soviet Union as a member .of a goodwill group. Over the years he received a remarkable number of literary and academic honours.

At the time of his death on January 29, 1963, Frost was regarded as a kind of unofficial poet laureate of the United States.

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Robert Frost Biography – Project Class 10

The “Robert Frost Biography Project” for Class 10 is an educational initiative designed to explore the life and literary contributions of the renowned American poet, Robert Frost. This project aims to provide students with a comprehensive understanding of his life, poetry, and the significant impact he had on American literature. Robert Frost, a four-time Pulitzer Prize-winning poet, is celebrated for his profound and evocative works that often delve into themes of nature, human existence, and the complexities of life.

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Robert Frost Biography (Early Life)

Robert Lee Frost was born on March 26, 1874, in San Francisco, California, but he spent most of his childhood in Lawrence, Massachusetts. He came from a family of educators; his father, William Prescott Frost Jr., was a journalist, and his mother, Isabelle Moodie, was a teacher. Tragically, Frost’s father died of tuberculosis when he was just 11 years old, and this event had a profound impact on his life and work.

Education and Early Career

Frost attended Dartmouth College and later Harvard University but never completed his degree. He held various jobs, including working at a mill, teaching, and writing for newspapers, before moving to England in 1912 with his family. It was during his time in England that he published his first poetry collection, “A Boy’s Will” (1913), which was followed by “North of Boston” (1914). These collections marked the beginning of his successful writing career.

Return to the United States

In 1915, Robert Frost returned to the United States and settled in New Hampshire. His rural surroundings greatly influenced his poetry, and he continued to write about the beauty and challenges of rural life. His poems often celebrated the New England landscape and its simple, yet profound, aspects.

Literary Success

Frost’s poetic career took off in the 1920s, and he achieved widespread recognition and acclaim. He won his first of four Pulitzer Prizes for his poetry collection “New Hampshire” in 1924. His other Pulitzer Prize-winning works include “Collected Poems” (1931), “A Further Range” (1936), and “A Witness Tree” (1943).

Major Works

Some of Robert Frost’s most famous poems include:

• “ The Road Not Taken “: A reflective piece that explores the idea of choices and the paths we take in life.
• “Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening”: A contemplative poem that touches on themes of nature and solitude.
• “Mending Wall”: A poem that discusses the notion of boundaries and their necessity.
• “Birches”: A reflection on childhood and the experience of climbing and swinging on birch trees.
• “Fire and Ice”: A concise exploration of human emotions and the destructive forces of desire and hatred.

Awards and Honors

• Four Pulitzer Prizes for Poetry (1924, 1931, 1937, 1943)
• Congressional Gold Medal (1960)

Notable Quotes

• “Two roads diverged in a wood, and I— I took the one less traveled by, And that has made all the difference.”
• “In three words I can sum up everything I’ve learned about life: it goes on.”
• “Good fences make good neighbors.”

Robert Frost’s poetry is celebrated for its accessible style and deep philosophical themes. His work has had a lasting impact on American literature and continues to be studied and appreciated in schools and universities worldwide. Frost’s life and poems encourage readers to contemplate the human experience and the intricate relationship between nature and humanity.

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Robert Frost Biography , Works and Literary Awards

Table of Contents

Robert Frost was an American poet and playwright who is widely considered one of the most important literary figures of the 20th century. His work explores complex themes of nature, humanity, and identity, and his unique style of writing helped to establish him as a prominent figure in American literature.

Robert Frost Biography and Work:- Robert Lee Frost was born on March 26, 1874, in San Francisco, California. His father, William Prescott Frost Jr., was a journalist and a teacher, and his mother, Isabelle Moodie, was a Scottish immigrant. When Frost was eleven years old, his father died of tuberculosis, and the family moved to Lawrence, Massachusetts, where his grandfather, a former state senator, had purchased a farm.

Frost attended high school in Lawrence and then went on to attend Dartmouth College for a few months before dropping out. He later attended Harvard University but left after only two years, never earning a degree. He then moved to England, where he published his first book of poetry, “A Boy’s Will,” in 1913.

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Robert Frost Biography and Work:- Frost’s poetry is known for its rural and pastoral themes, as well as its use of natural imagery. He often wrote about life in New England, where he spent most of his adult life. His early poetry, which includes “A Boy’s Will” and “North of Boston” (1914), was well-received and helped establish Frost as a prominent literary figure.

Frost’s later work continued to explore themes of nature and the human condition, and his unique style of writing often incorporated elements of colloquial speech and traditional verse forms. His best-known poems include “The Road Not Taken,” “Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening,” and “Mending Wall.”

Throughout his career, Frost was recognized for his contributions to American literature. He won four Pulitzer Prizes for Poetry, was awarded the Congressional Gold Medal in 1960, and served as a consultant in poetry to the Library of Congress from 1958 to 1959.

Robert Frost Works :

Robert Frost penned numerous poems that have become literary classics. Let’s explore a few of his most popular works:

1. “The Road Not Taken”

“The Road Not Taken” is perhaps Frost’s most well-known poem. It presents readers with a contemplation of choices, as the speaker reflects on the diverging paths in life and the consequences they entail. The poem’s iconic lines, “Two roads diverged in a wood, and I—I took the one less traveled by,” have become a symbol of individuality and the courage to follow one’s own path.

2. “Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening”

In this enchanting poem, Frost describes a quiet moment in nature as the speaker pauses to admire the beauty of a snowy evening. The vivid imagery and rhythmic flow of the verses create a serene atmosphere, inviting readers to contemplate the allure of nature and the allure of life’s distractions. The repetition of the final line, “And miles to go before I sleep,” echoes the responsibilities and obligations that keep us from fully indulging in life’s pleasures.

3. “Fire and Ice”

“Frost and Ice” is a compact yet profound poem that explores the destructive forces of desire and hatred. Through the simple question of whether the world will end in fire or ice, Frost raises profound questions about human nature and the potential for self-destruction. The poem’s brevity and powerful imagery make it a striking commentary on the darker aspects of the human condition.

4. “Mending Wall”

“Mending Wall” reflects on the age-old practice of building and repairing boundaries. The poem explores themes of tradition, isolation, and the human desire for connection. Frost skillfully intertwines the literal act of repairing a stone wall with broader metaphors for the barriers that exist between individuals and communities. The memorable line, “Good fences make good neighbors,” has become a proverbial statement, sparking discussions on the necessity of boundaries in human relationships.

Robert Frost Biography and Work:- Frost’s writing style is characterized by its simplicity and accessibility, as well as its use of natural imagery. He often used rural settings and landscapes as a backdrop for his poetry, and his work frequently explored themes of nature, humanity, and identity.

Frost was also known for his use of traditional verse forms, such as blank verse and rhyme, and his poetry often incorporated elements of colloquial speech. His writing is noted for its clarity and directness, and he often used simple language to convey complex emotions and ideas.

Robert Frost Biography and Work:- Frost’s work explores a variety of complex themes, including the nature of humanity, the relationship between the individual and society, and the passage of time. He often used rural settings and natural imagery to explore these themes, and his writing frequently focused on the lives of ordinary people.

Literary Awards

One of Frost’s most common themes is the idea of choice and consequence. In “The Road Not Taken,” for example, he explores the idea that our choices in life can have a profound impact on our future. Other themes in Frost’s work include the importance of individualism, the complexity of human relationships, and the beauty of nature.

Robert Frost’s contributions to literature have been widely acknowledged, earning him numerous awards and accolades. In 1924, he received his first Pulitzer Prize for his collection of poems titled “New Hampshire: A Poem with Notes and Grace Notes.” Frost was awarded the Pulitzer Prize three more times in his lifetime, cementing his status as one of America’s most esteemed poets.

Robert Frost is widely considered one of the most important American poets of the 20th century, and his work continues to be studied and appreciated by readers and scholars around the world. His unique style of writing, which combined traditional verse forms with colloquial speech and natural imagery, helped to establish him as a prominent literary figure.

Robert Frost Biography and Work:- Frost’s poetry has been translated into numerous languages and has influenced countless writers and poets. His work has also been adapted for the stage and screen, with several of his poems, including “Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening,” serving as the basis for popular songs and musical compositions.

Themes and Style

Robert Frost’s work is characterized by its simplicity and accessibility, as well as its use of natural imagery. He often used rural settings and landscapes as a backdrop for his poetry, and his work frequently explored themes of nature, humanity, and identity.

Robert Frost Biography and Work:- One of the most common themes in Frost’s poetry is the idea of choice and consequence. In “The Road Not Taken,” for example, he explores the idea that our choices in life can have a profound impact on our future. This theme is also evident in his poem “Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening,” in which the speaker must choose between staying in the tranquil woods and fulfilling his obligations in the outside world.

Another important theme in Frost’s work is the relationship between the individual and society. Frost was interested in the complexities of human relationships and often explored the tension between the needs of the individual and the demands of the larger community. His poem “Mending Wall,” for example, examines the tension between the desire for privacy and the need for connection and communication.

Robert Frost Biography and Work:- Frost’s writing is noted for its clarity and directness, and he often used simple language to convey complex emotions and ideas. He also used traditional verse forms, such as blank verse and rhyme, and his poetry often incorporated elements of colloquial speech. Frost’s use of natural imagery, including landscapes and weather, helped to create a sense of atmosphere and mood in his work.

Robert Frost Biography and Work:- Overall, Frost’s poetry reflects a deep respect for the natural world and an appreciation for the complexities of human relationships. His unique style of writing, which combined traditional verse forms with colloquial speech and natural imagery, helped to establish him as a prominent literary figure and continues to inspire readers and writers today.

Robert Frost’s contribution to American literature is significant, and his poems continue to be studied and admired by readers and scholars alike. Frost’s unique style, which combined traditional verse forms with natural imagery and colloquial language, helped to establish him as a prominent literary figure and set him apart from his contemporaries. His work explored complex themes such as choice, consequence, and the individual’s relationship to society, and his writing often reflected a deep appreciation for the natural world. Frost’s poetry remains a source of inspiration and insight into the complexities of the human experience, and his legacy as one of America’s greatest poets continues to endure.

Q: What was Robert Frost’s most famous poem?

A: Robert Frost’s most famous poem is arguably “The Road Not Taken,” which was published in 1916.

Q: What themes are present in Robert Frost’s poetry? A: Robert Frost’s poetry often explores themes such as choice and consequence, the individual’s relationship to society, and the complexities of human relationships.

Q: What is Robert Frost’s writing style?

A: Robert Frost’s writing style is characterized by its simplicity and accessibility, as well as its use of natural imagery. He often used rural settings and landscapes as a backdrop for his poetry, and his work frequently explored themes of nature, humanity, and identity.

Q: What influenced Robert Frost’s poetry?

A: Robert Frost was heavily influenced by his rural upbringing in New England, as well as by his experiences as a teacher and farmer. He was also influenced by the works of other writers, such as William Shakespeare and Robert Browning.

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