deemed assignment of a lease

What Tenants Need to Know About Change in Control Provisions

By Annalise Catania Senior Lawyer

Updated on April 5, 2022 Reading time: 5 minutes

This article meets our strict editorial principles. Our lawyers, experienced writers and legally trained editorial team put every effort into ensuring the information published on our website is accurate. We encourage you to seek independent legal advice. Learn more .

What is a Change in Control of a Tenant Entity?

Effect of a change in control, other issues to be aware of, actions you may take, key takeaways, frequently asked questions.

Under every lease, there are generally provisions governing the situations where a tenant can assign a lease, and when this is deemed an assignment of lease. Often, a change of control of a corporate tenant entity will be deemed an assignment under that lease’s terms. Each lease will contain its own provisions surrounding when a change in control will occur and whether this will trigger a lease assignment.

As a tenant, you must be aware of these change in control clauses, and their practical effect. This article will set out when a change of control may be deemed to occur and the important implications of the inclusion of change of control clauses in leases. 

Each individual lease will generally define the trigger events that cause a change in control of the tenant entity. A change in control for a corporate entity generally occurs when either a different person or group of persons controls: 

• the composition of the board of directors; or 
• more than 50% of the shares that give a right to vote at general meetings of the tenant or holding company. 

Where the tenant entity is not a corporate entity, generally:

• for an ASX Listed Entity, if the tenant ceases to be so listed or ceases to be wholly owned by a corporation that is so listed. 
• for a unit trust , if there is any change in the ownership of units in the unit trust or a holding trust which results in a change in control of the unit trust.

Whilst the above are some examples of common provisions that trigger a change in control, the actual trigger events in each lease may vary drastically. You should carefully review them to ensure you are aware of any events that may trigger a change in control.

This guide will help you to understand your options when you purchase a business with leased premises.

When a change in control occurs, this is generally deemed an assignment of the lease . Due to the change in control of the tenant entity, the entity has changed, triggering an assignment of lease. Most leases will require a tenant to seek the landlord’s consent before an assignment of lease occurs. 

Suppose a change in control occurs, and did not seek the landlord’s prior consent (in the form as required by the landlord where prescribed in the lease itself). In that case, this may be a breach of the lease. T his may entitle the landlord to take further action, including terminating the lease.

If you are not aware of the events that may trigger a change in control, you may unknowingly make changes to the tenant entity. This can inadvertently cause a change in control.

For example, if you are a corporate entity, and you alter 20% of the shareholding of your entity in year 1, then a further 30% of your shareholding in year 3, this may create a change in control. The two changes in shareholding amount to 50% of the total shares. This will likely be deemed a change in control, triggering the assignment of lease provisions. 

An important consideration is the relationship between change in control clauses and any clawback provisions in a lease. Landlords often require that you pay back the incentive during a lease assignment. 

You should carefully review the provisions that will apply if a lease is assigned and consider how these will affect you. A change in control may breach your lease, and it can also have monetary consequences. A lease may include provisions requiring a tenant to enter into a new lease upon assignment or allow the landlord to change other lease provisions. You should note any such provisions to ensure you are aware of their implications before any change in control occurs.

It is important to carefully review change in control provisions. Consider their practical implications when reviewing the lease. Suppose you know that throughout the term of the lease, a change in control is likely to occur. In that case, you should seek to amend the provisions to accommodate these changes.

Suppose you cannot amend the change in control provisions. In that case, you should ensure you seek legal advice regarding the provision s. Then, t ake note of any events that will trigger a change in control. Throughout the lease term, you should ensure you monitor any changes in the tenant entity that may affect the control . Then, you can t ake note to seek the landlord’s consent where appropriate. 

Before entering into a lease, you must understand any change in control provisions in the lease and their implications. You should ensure a lawyer reviews any such provisions and generally seek to amend them, especially where you know you will be unable to comply with them. If change in control provisions remain in your lease, you should take due care to note any events that cause a change in control, to ensure you seek the landlord’s consent where required. 

If you have any questions about change in control provisions, our specialist property lawyers can assist you as part of our LegalVision membership. For a low monthly fee, you will have unlimited access to lawyers to answer your questions and draft and review your documents. Call us today on 1300 544 755 or visit our membership page.

A change in control for a corporate entity generally occurs when either a different person or group of persons controls the board of directors or a majority of the voting shares.

Most leases will require a tenant to seek the landlord’s consent before an assignment of lease occurs. 

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Assignment and Consent Standards in Commercial Leases

Mar 6, 2020

Assignment provisions in commercial leases are heavily negotiated and very important to both landlords and tenants. This article presents a brief overview of the assignment provision in commercial leases, both office and retail.

Assignment provisions in commercial leases are heavily negotiated and very important to both landlords and tenants. When a tenant’s interest in a lease is assigned, the tenant is transferring its entire leasehold interest and 100% of the leased premises to a third party for the entire remaining term of the lease. For the tenant, the assignment provision represents a potential exit strategy, dependent of course on the local market, and increased flexibility for future needs. For the landlord, the assignment offers greater security for its revenue stream and hopefully the avoidance of a tenant bankruptcy or default while keeping its building occupied. The tenant’s desire for flexibility and the landlord’s need for control is where the negotiations are focused. This article presents a brief overview of the assignment provision in commercial leases, both office and retail, with particular attention on the laws of Maryland, Virginia and the District of Columbia. The landlord’s standard for providing consent to a request to an assignment will be reviewed, and we will conclude by offering suggested language.

What If The Lease Does Not Contain An Assignment Provision?

The law traditionally favors the free alienation of property. Therefore, under the laws of almost every state, if the lease is silent on whether the landlord’s consent to an assignment is required, then the commercial tenant has the right to assign its interest. This is true in Maryland, Virginia and the District of Columbia. Given this baseline, almost every lease form will have a detailed provision setting forth the assignment process. Note also, however, that in most states it is also enforceable for a commercial lease to have an outright prohibition against assignments. Such a provision would likely be a non-starting deal point for most sophisticated tenants.

What Does Reasonable Mean?

If a lease simply provides that the tenant requires landlord’s consent to an assignment, but does not include the standard for giving or withholding that consent, then in many states the implied standard is that the landlord’s consent may not be unreasonably withheld. Historically this was the minority view, with the historical rule allowing the landlord to withhold consent for any reason. The implied duty of reasonableness is now more the norm as more states adopt this position when presented with the issue. There is express case law establishing this rule in Maryland, and most courts in Virginia and Washington, DC will imply such a covenant of good faith and fair dealing. Most states, though, do allow a landlord the sole right to grant or withhold its consent if the lease clearly expressly provides, and in Maryland the lease must specifically state that the landlord’s consent may be granted or withheld in the sole and absolute subjective discretion of the landlord. Again though, a sophisticated tenant with any leverage should never agree to such a provision.

Most negotiated leases will instead contain a provision requiring that landlord’s consent to an assignment is required, but such consent will not be unreasonably withheld. The tenant will likely also try to include landlord’s obligation to not unreasonably delay or condition its consent. A short clause without further defining what constitutes “reasonableness” generally favors the tenant, and landlords typically prefer including specific standards as to the criteria it can consider when reasonably deciding whether or not to consent to an assignment. Without such specificity, defining “reasonable” is difficult as the landlord and tenant clearly will have differing viewpoints and it may be left as a factual question to be decided in litigation. The typical definition (set forth in the Restatement (Second) of Property) would be that of a reasonably prudent person in the landlord’s position exercising reasonable commercial responsibility.

Absent a detailed provision listing the criteria a landlord can consider when reasonably reviewing a request to assign, a landlord is typically found to be considered reasonable if it considers certain general broad factors. First, the landlord reviews the assignee’s proposed use. In a retail setting, the landlord will be concerned whether the proposed use fits with the existing center and/or violates any existing exclusives or insurance requirements. In an office setting, the landlord might review the expected traffic and wear and tear on the building. Second, the landlord will consider the creditworthiness of the assignee. The landlord (and the assignor) will want to be confident that the assignee is capable of performing tenant’s obligations under the lease and a large creditworthy tenant increases the value of the asset. The assignor might argue that a strict financial test (such as a minimum net worth, for example) is unfair since the assignor is likely not being released upon the assignment and the landlord can still pursue the assignor in the event of a default. Third, the landlord will review the experience and history of the assignor. As mentioned above, landlords instead prefer a detailed list setting forth the many factors that they can include as part of reasonably reviewing a request for a lease assignment.

Without further establishing the criteria, the landlord puts itself at risk of a challenge by the tenant that a denial of a consent is unreasonable.

In defining “reasonable,” courts typically do not allow a landlord to deny or condition consent to an assignment based purely on economic reasons where the landlord results in substantially increasing what it was entitled to under the lease. In Washington, DC, there is well established case law holding that it is unreasonable for a landlord to withhold consent solely to extract an economic concession or improve its economic position. For example, a court would not consider it reasonable for a landlord to condition its consent on the assignee paying a greatly increased rent. Instead, as discussed below, landlords should look to protect their interests in a market of increasing rents by providing for either the sharing of excess rentals or a right to recapture.

What Are Typical Provisions In an Assignment Clause?

As discussed above, tenants generally prefer a short assignment provision simply requiring the landlord to not unreasonably withhold, condition or delay its consent to an assignment. But most leases are drafted by landlords, and over the years the assignment provisions have evolved to contain many typical provisions in addition to further defining “reasonableness,” including the following below.

• Sharing of Excess Rents. Since many states do not permit a landlord to condition its consent on improving its economic position (e. g. , by increasing the rent), most leases instead contain a provision where the landlord is entitled to all or a portion of the profits. The profits may mean increased rent, or it may even be construed more broadly to consider the value of the location in a sale of the tenant’s business. The landlord’s argument is that it doesn’t want the tenants competing in the real estate market. The tenant should push back here, and certainly try to lower the percentage shared, carve out any consideration received in the sale of tenant’s business, and only share profits after all of the tenant’s reasonable costs incurred in connection with the assignment were first deducted.
• Corporate Transfers. Since a purchase of the entity constituting tenant is likely not deemed an assignment under the law, most leases make clear that any such corporate sale, including the sale of either a controlling interest in the stock or substantially all of the assets of the tenant, is deemed an assignment for purposes of the lease. The tenant should carve out permitted transfers for typical mergers and acquisitions under certain conditions, and also carve out routine transfers of stock (or other ownership interests) between existing partners or for estate planning purposes. The landlord will likely accept a permitted transfer concept provided they receive adequate notice and the successor entity succeeds to all of the assets of the original tenant with an acceptable net worth.
• Assignment Review Fee. Most landlords include in their form lease the requirement that the tenant reimburse them for legal and administrative expenses incurred in reviewing the request for consent and preparing the assignment. The tenant clearly wants to keep these fees reasonable and in keeping with the local market.
• Recapture Rights. Landlords like to include the express right to recapture the premises in the event the tenant comes to it to request a consent for an assignment. A recapture clause allows the landlord to terminate the lease if market rents have increased or if it needs the space for another use. Sophisticated tenants should push back here as much as leverage allows, try to limit the time periods, and if nothing else try for the right to nullify the recapture by rescinding its request for the consent.
• Tenant’s Remedy. To protect themselves from claims for damages from the tenant if the landlord withholds its consent to a requested assignment, landlords often include a provision where the tenant waives its rights to monetary damages in such a situation and can only seek injunctive relief. The tenant should try to delete this provision, or at least, if leverage permits, provide for the right to seek damages if the landlord is subsequently found to have acted in bad faith.

Assignment provisions are heavily negotiated and both the commercial landlord and tenant need to be advised to the applicable local law and know the market for a comparable transaction. ( Note: The author represents office and retail landlords and tenants throughout Virginia, Maryland and the District of Columbia.) Sample reasonableness provisions for both office and retail uses are copied below for reference.

Retail Lease

Landlord and Tenant agree, by way of example and without limitation, that it shall be reasonable for Landlord to withhold its consent if any of the following situations exist or may exist: (i) In Landlord’s reasonable business judgment, the proposed assignee lacks sufficient business experience to operate a business of the type permitted under this Lease and to a quality required under this Lease; (ii) The present net worth of the proposed assignee is lower than that of Tenant’s as of either the date of the proposed assignment or the date of this Lease; (iii) The proposed assignment would require alterations to the Premises affecting the Building’s systems or structure; (iv) The proposed assignment would require modification to the terms of this Lease, or would breach any covenant of Landlord in any other lease, insurance policy, financing agreement or other agreement relating to the Shopping Center, including, without limitation, covenants respecting radius, location, use and/or exclusivity; (v) The proposed assignment would conflict with the primary use of any existing tenant in the Shopping Center or any recorded instrument to which the Shopping Center is bound; and/or (vi) The proposed assignment or subletting would result in a reduction in the Rent collected by Landlord during any portion of the term of this Lease.

Office Lease

Without limitation as to other reasonable grounds for withholding consent, the parties hereby agree that it shall be reasonable under this Lease and under any applicable law for Landlord to withhold consent to any proposed Transfer where one or more of the following apply: (i) The Transferee is of a character or reputation or engaged in a business which is not consistent with the quality of the Building; (ii) The Transferee intends to use the Premises for purposes which are not permitted under this Lease; (iii) The Transferee is a governmental agency; (iv) The Transfer occurs prior to the first anniversary of the Lease Commencement Date; (v) The Transferee has a net worth of less than $10,000,000.00; (vi) The proposed Transfer would cause a violation or trigger a termination right of another lease for space in the Building; or (vii) Either the proposed Transferee, or any person or entity which directly or indirectly, controls, is controlled by, or is under common control with, the proposed Transferee, (i) occupies space in the Building at the time of the request for consent, or (ii) is negotiating with Landlord to lease space in the Building at such time, or (iii) has negotiated with Landlord during the six (6)-month period immediately preceding the Transfer Notice.

Reprinted with permission from the March edition of the Commercial Leasing Law & Strategy© 2020 ALM Media Properties, LLC. All rights reserved. Further duplication without permission is prohibited, contact 877-257-3382 or [email protected] .

• John G. Kelly

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• Commercial Leasing
• Real Estate

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Navigating Commercial Lease Assignment Provisions: Tenants Beware

Landlords use lease assignment provisions to maintain control over the quality, composition, and financial capability of their tenants. However, assignment provisions can have a chilling effect on a corporate tenant’s business operations and ownership structure. In this article, we explore the various pitfalls that corporate tenants should avoid when negotiating and drafting assignment provisions in commercial leases.

Most assignment provisions in commercial leases restrict two types of circumstances. The first is the proposed assignment of a lease to an unrelated third party or to an affiliate company of a corporate tenant. The second is the deemed assignment of the lease by operation of a change in control or ownership of a corporate tenant.

As a general rule, in the absence of a specific provision in a commercial lease restricting assignment, a tenant is free to assign its lease to a third party without notifying the landlord or obtaining the landlord’s prior approval. However, most modern commercial leases contain assignment provisions that either prohibit or restrict the circumstances under which a tenant may make an assignment of its lease. Provisions that restrict assignments require tenants to obtain the landlord’s prior consent to an assignment of the lease. Courts in New York State have consistently held that if an assignment is conditioned upon the landlord’s prior consent, the landlord may arbitrarily withhold its consent to the assignment unless the lease states to the contrary. 1 To prevent a landlord from arbitrarily withholding its consent to a lease assignment, a tenant should negotiate and include a provision that states that the landlord shall not “unreasonably withhold, condition, or delay its consent” to a proposed assignment.

Even in those instances where a commercial lease assignment provision prohibits the landlord from unreasonably withholding its consent to a proposed assignment, the landlord’s consent will generally still be conditioned upon the satisfaction of certain conditions. These conditions typically include, but are not limited to, information regarding the proposed assignee and its use of the premises, copies of the proposed assignee’s financial statements, the payment of additional rent or security if the landlord approves the assignment, execution of an assignment and assumption agreement by the proposed assignee, and payment of the landlord’s attorney’s fees in connection with document review. Additionally, landlords often require that the assignor-tenant remit to the landlord all monies or assignment profits that the assignor-tenant receives from the assignee-tenant. The calculation and division of any such assignment profits is a matter of negotiation between the parties. However, the lease should provide that the assignor-tenant’s brokerage costs, expenses expended to ready the premises for the assignee-tenant’s occupancy, and its attorney’s fees be deducted from the amount of the assignment profits that the assignor-tenant is required to pay the landlord under the lease.

In addition to restricting assignments, commercial leases often contain recapture provisions whereby if a tenant requests the landlord’s consent to a proposed assignment of the lease, the landlord has the option of recapturing the leased premises and terminating the lease. If a tenant is not able to exclude the landlord’s recapture right, it is advisable to negotiate and include a specific provision in the lease giving the tenant the option to revoke and rescind its original request to assign the lease if the landlord exercises its recapture right thereby allowing the tenant to remain in possession of the premises and negating the effect of the landlord’s recapture election. This rescission right provides a tenant the flexibility to stop the recapture process depending upon the particular facts and circumstances and commercial exigencies of the tenant.

A well-drafted commercial lease assignment provision should expressly exclude transfers of the lease to an affiliate of the tenant from the restrictions of the assignment approval process. The definition of a tenant “affiliate” should be as broad as possible and include all entities related to the corporate tenant to provide maximum flexibility. Additionally, if the tenant contemplates transferring the lease to a specific entity in the future, it is advisable to incorporate this right into the text of the lease to avoid the assignment approval process and the landlord’s right of recapture.

With regard to change in control provisions, courts in many states including New York have consistently held that a transfer of a controlling shareholder’s ownership interest in a corporate tenant does not violate basic assignment provisions, which merely state that the lease may not be assigned without the landlord’s prior consent. 2 The rationale behind these holdings is that a landlord entering into a lease with a corporate tenant should be aware that a corporation is an entity that exists separately from its stockholders and that a change in the ownership structure of a corporate tenant does not result in a change in the actual tenant entity that signed the lease. Consequently, if a landlord desires that a change in ownership or control of a corporate tenant be deemed a lease assignment, the lease must explicitly state so. Many commercial leases contain comprehensive anti-assignment provisions aimed at restricting changes in ownership and control of a corporate tenant. These provisions deem certain actions, such as the transfer of the corporate tenant’s stock, changes in the management or decision making of a corporate tenant or the sale of the corporate tenant’s assets to be assignments of the lease, which require the prior written consent of the landlord and trigger the landlord’s recapture rights.

If a corporate tenant effectuates a change of ownership or control of the tenant entity that is prohibited by the assignment provisions of the lease without obtaining the prior written consent of the landlord, the consequences can be devastating. Once the change of change of ownership or control of the tenant entity occurs and the tenant has failed to obtain the written consent of the landlord, the tenant may have committed an incurable default under the lease. If the lease contains a conditional limitation provision and the landlord discovers that a prohibited change of ownership or control of the tenant entity has occurred, the landlord can serve a notice to cure the default upon the tenant and if the default is not cured within the stated cure period, the landlord can simply terminate the lease. Depending upon the particular facts and circumstances, the corporate tenant may not be able to reverse the change of ownership or control of the tenant entity that has occurred in order to cure such default, which could then lead to the termination of the lease and forfeiture of the tenant’s entire leasehold estate. To avoid the draconian consequences of an incurable lease default, a corporate tenant should strive for clarity and precision in drafting change in control provisions.

By way of example, assume that Corporation X is a tenant under a commercial lease whose voting stock is owned 30 percent by Corporation A and 70 percent by Corporation B. Assume also that Corporation E owns 60 percent of the voting stock of Corporation B and that Corporation F owns 40 percent of the voting stock of Corporation B. If the lease contains an assignment provision that merely prohibits an assignment of the lease without the landlord’s prior written consent, then Corporation A and Corporation B may transfer and assign their respective shares in Corporation X to each other or to any third party without violating the terms of such assignment provision.

However, if the lease contains an assignment provision providing that any change in control of the tenant entity shall be deemed an assignment under the lease, then the transfer by Corporation B of 21 percent or more of its ownership interest in Corporation X to Corporation A or Corporation B’s transfer of 21 percent or more of its stock ownership in Corporation X to a third party would be deemed an assignment under the lease, if the term “control” is deemed to mean 51 percent or more of the voting stock of an entity.

Courts have generally held that lease assignment provisions that merely state that a change in control of the tenant entity shall be deemed an assignment only restrict transfers of stock ownership at the first level of ownership of a corporate tenant. Thus, in the foregoing example, a change of control of Corporation B would not be deemed an assignment under the lease. However, if a lease states that any “direct or indirect” change of control of a corporate tenant shall be deemed a prohibited assignment under the lease, then the transfer by Corporation E of 11 percent or more of its ownership interest in Corporation B to Corporation F or the transfer of 11 percent or more of its stock ownership in Corporation B to a third party would be deemed an assignment under the lease requiring the landlord’s prior consent. While New York courts have consistently held that a change in the indirect control of a corporate tenant will not be deemed a lease assignment unless the lease states so, it would behoove corporate tenants to negotiate and obtain a specific carve-out in the anti-assignment provisions stating that indirect changes in control of the tenant entity will not be deemed assignments under the lease, to avoid any confusion or applicability of anti-assignment provisions to these situations.

When drafting lease assignment provisions, tenants should clearly define the terms “control” and “change of control.” In doing so, a corporate tenant will help ensure that the correct determination is made in the future as to whether or not a proposed corporate reorganization or stock transfer will be deemed an assignment under the lease requiring the landlord’s prior written consent and/or triggering the landlord’s recapture rights. Further, the general criteria applicable to the granting of landlord’s consent in lease transfer situations should be tailored to exclude certain criteria that are inapplicable to change of control situations, such as the requirement that a corporate tenant pay an assignment fee or assignment profit to the landlord, an evaluation of the general reputation of the assignee, submission of the financial statements of the assignee, execution of an assignment and assumption agreement, and, if possible, the landlord’s recapture option.

In conclusion, in an ever-changing economic environment, commercial tenants may be forced to make certain decisions regarding their corporate structures and leases. In order to maintain the maximum flexibility and predictability, it is very important that special attention be paid to negotiating and including comprehensive language and exceptions to the anti-assignment provisions found in most modern commercial leases. The consequences of vague or incomplete lease assignment provisions for a corporate tenant could prove not only problematic, but in certain circumstances, a commercial and legal disaster.

1 See Kruger v. Page Management Co ., 105 Misc. 2d 14 (N.Y. 1980).

2 See Rubenstein Bros. v. Ole of 34 th Street, Inc. , 101 Misc. 2d 563 (N.Y. Civ. Ct. 1979), citing : Ser-Bye Corp. v. C.P. & G. Markets, 78 Cal App 2d915; Burros Motor Co. v. Davis , 76 A2d 163; Alabama Vermiculite Corp v. Patterson , 124 F. Supp 441.

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DISCLAIMER: Because of the generality of this update, the information provided herein may not be applicable in all situations and should not be acted upon without specific legal advice based on particular situations.

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Lease Assignment Agreement

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A Lease Assignment Agreement is a short document that allows for the transfer of interest in a residential or commercial lease from one tenant to another. In other words, a Lease Assignment Agreement is used when the original tenant wants to get out of a lease and has someone lined up to take their place.

Within a Lease Assignment Agreement, there is not that much information included, except the basics: names and identifying information of the parties, assignment start date, name of landlord, etc. The reason these documents are not more robust is because the original lease is incorporated by reference , all the time. What this means is that all of the terms in the original lease are deemed to be included in the Lease Assignment Agreement.

A Lease Assignment Agreement is different than a Sublease Agreement because the entirety of the lease interest is being transferred in an assignment. With a sublease, the original tenant is still liable for everything, and the sublease may be made for less than the entire property interest. A Lease Assignment transfers the whole interest and puts the new tenant in place of the old one.

The one major thing to be aware of with a Lease Assignment Agreement is that in most situations, the lease will require a landlord's explicit consent for an assignment. The parties should, therefore, be sure the landlord agrees to an assignment before filling out this document.

How to use this document

This Lease Assignment Agreement will help set forth all the required facts and obligations for a valid lease assignment . This essentially means one party (called the Assignor ) will be transferring their rights and obligations as a tenant (including paying rent and living in the space) to another party (called the Assignee ).

In this document, basic information is listed , such as old and new tenant names, the landlord's name, the address of the property, the dates of the lease, and the date of the assignment.

Information about whether or not the Assignor will still be liable in case the Assignee doesn't fulfill the required obligations is also included.

Applicable law

Lease Agreements in the United States are generally subject to the laws of the individual state and therefore, so are Lease Assignment Agreements.

The Environmental Protection Agency governs the disclosure of lead-based paint warnings in all rentals in the States. If a lead-based paint disclosure has not been included in the lease, it must be included in the assignment. Distinct from that, however, required disclosures and lease terms will be based on the laws of the state, and sometimes county, where the property is located.

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At the end, you receive it in Word and PDF formats. You can modify it and reuse it.

A guide to help you: Tenants and Subtenants Obligations under a Sublease Agreement

Other names for the document:

Assignment Agreement for Commercial Lease, Assignment of Commercial Lease, Assignment of Lease, Assignment of Residential Lease, Assignment Agreement for Lease

Country: United States

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Assignment of Lease

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What is an assignment of lease.

The assignment of lease is a title document that transfers all rights possessed by a lessee or tenant to a property to another party. The assignee takes the assignor’s place in the landlord-tenant relationship.

You can view an example of a lease assignment here .

How Lease Assignment Works

In cases where a tenant wants to or needs to get out of their lease before it expires, lease assignment provides a legal option to assign or transfer rights of the lease to someone else. For instance, if in a commercial lease a business leases a place for 12 months but the business moves or shuts down after 10 months, the person can transfer the lease to someone else through an assignment of the lease. In this case, they will not have to pay rent for the last two months as the new assigned tenant will be responsible for that.

However, before the original tenant can be released of any responsibilities associated with the lease, other requirements need to be satisfied. The landlord needs to consent to the lease transfer through a “License to Assign” document. It is crucial to complete this document before moving on to the assignment of lease as the landlord may refuse to approve the assignment.

Difference Between Assignment of Lease and Subletting

A transfer of the remaining interest in a lease, also known as assignment, is possible when implied rights to assign exist. Some leases do not allow assignment or sharing of possessions or property under a lease. An assignment ensures the complete transfer of the rights to the property from one tenant to another.

The assignor is no longer responsible for rent or utilities and other costs that they might have had under the lease. Here, the assignee becomes the tenant and takes over all responsibilities such as rent. However, unless the assignee is released of all liabilities by the landlord, they remain responsible if the new tenant defaults.

A sublease is a new lease agreement between the tenant (or the sublessor) and a third-party (or the sublessee) for a portion of the lease. The original lease agreement between the landlord and the sublessor (or original tenant) still remains in place. The original tenant still remains responsible for all duties set under the lease.

Here are some key differences between subletting and assigning a lease:

• Under a sublease, the original lease agreement still remains in place.
• The original tenant retains all responsibilities under a sublease agreement.
• A sublease can be for less than all of the property, such as for a room, general area, portion of the leased premises, etc.
• Subleasing can be for a portion of the lease term. For instance, a tenant can sublease the property for a month and then retain it after the third-party completes their month-long sublet.
• Since the sublease agreement is between the tenant and the third-party, rent is often negotiable, based on the term of the sublease and other circumstances.
• The third-party in a sublease agreement does not have a direct relationship with the landlord.
• The subtenant will need to seek consent of both the tenant and the landlord to make any repairs or changes to the property during their sublease.

Here is more on an assignment of lease here .

Parties Involved in Lease Assignment

There are three parties involved in a lease assignment – the landlord or owner of the property, the assignor and the assignee. The original lease agreement is between the landlord and the tenant, or the assignor. The lease agreement outlines the duties and responsibilities of both parties when it comes to renting the property. Now, when the tenant decides to assign the lease to a third-party, the third-party is known as the assignee. The assignee takes on the responsibilities laid under the original lease agreement between the assignor and the landlord. The landlord must consent to the assignment of the lease prior to the assignment.

For example, Jake is renting a commercial property for his business from Paul for two years beginning January 2013 up until January 2015. In January 2014, Jake suffers a financial crisis and has to close down his business to move to a different city. Jake doesn’t want to continue paying rent on the property as he will not be using it for a year left of the lease. Jake’s friend, John would soon be turning his digital business into a brick-and-mortar store. John has been looking for a space to kick start his venture. Jake can assign his space for the rest of the lease term to John through an assignment of lease. Jake will need to seek the approval of his landlord and then begin the assignment process. Here, Jake will be the assignor who transfers all his lease related duties and responsibilities to John, who will be the assignee.

You can read more on lease agreements here .

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Assignment of Lease From Seller to Buyer

In case of a residential property, a landlord can assign his leases to the new buyer of the building. The landlord will assign the right to collect rent to the buyer. This will allow the buyer to collect any and all rent from existing tenants in that property. This assignment can also include the assignment of security deposits, if the parties agree to it. This type of assignment provides protection to the buyer so they can collect rent on the property.

The assignment of a lease from the seller to a buyer also requires that all tenants are made aware of the sale of the property. The buyer-seller should give proper notice to the tenants along with a notice of assignment of lease signed by both the buyer and the seller. Tenants should also be informed about the contact information of the new landlord and the payment methods to be used to pay rent to the new landlord.

You can read more on buyer-seller lease assignments here .

Get Help with an Assignment of Lease

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Meet some of our Assignment of Lease Lawyers

Emmanuel K.

I am a corporate Attorney licensed in the state of Georgia and Ghana. My professional career started in 2016 as a litigator in a private law firm in Ghana. Subsequently in 2018, I moved in house to work for the University of Ghana and this is where my corporate transactional work experience began. Since coming to the US in 2019, I have gained significant transactional experience through internships at Verizon and Tricentis (a software testing company) during law school at UGA. Since graduating from UGA law school, I have worked as a corporate transactional attorney of an AmLaw 200 firm. In that role, I helped foreign companies entering the US market to establish a presence and comply with applicable corporate laws while doing business. I also assisted customers and service providers in the software and technology industry by reviewing SaaS and similar contracts. Also, I helped energy utilities in the renewable energy space navigate regulatory and policy issues and establish contractual business relationships through contract reviews.

Merry Kogut is a licensed attorney based in Washington State who has been a legal expert on JustAnswer since 2008 specializing in employment law, consumer protection and discrimination issues. She has been an attorney handling WA State phone consultations for Arag Legal Insurance since April, 2023. She has also been an attorney in private practice since 1986, and was in-house legal counsel for multiple WA State government agencies. She brings nearly 50 years combined legal and professional writing experience. Earlier in her career, Merry served as a law clerk for the Washington State Court of Appeals, and as a discrimination specialist, investigator and legislative liaison. She also helped establish the “Legal Writing Institute,” a national association of legal writing instructors and administrators. Merry earned her law degree from the Seattle University (formerly University of Puget Sound) School of Law.

I represent business owners throughout California with their business, IP and employment law matters.

I attended the University of Illinois- College of Law on a full merit scholarship. While in law school, I was a 711 Attorney at the Lake County State's Attorney's Office, specializing in traffic and misdemeanor cases. After graduation, I served as in-house counsel for one of the largest insurance companies in the world, managing thousands of cases from initial intake to trial. Upon leaving this position, I accepted a role as Legal Counsel to the Illinois Senate Minority Leader. There, I advised Senators on legislative matters, labor and employment law, and complex constitutional questions. After leaving public service, I accepted a role at a mid-size Chicago-based law firm, where I practice insurance defense and litigation. In addition to this, I also serve as outside general counsel to a food brokerage business, where I handle all of their labor and employment matters.

Helping small business owners meet their legal needs.

Mr. McElvenny has extensive experience handling and developing strategy for complex commercial and real estate cases. He’s drafted hundreds of complaints ranging from simple breaches of contract to complex commercial claims including breach of fiduciary duty, constructive trusts and misappropriation of trade secrets. He has an excellent record in trial, arbitration and mediation. He also has significant experience in motion practice in both state and federal court. Through his work in corporate law, Mr. McElvenny has developed considerable experience with Limited Liability Company member disputes and general corporate governance. He’s drafted a number of industry-specific documents such as Operating Agreements (for Limited Liability Companies), commercial leases, settlement agreements and employment contracts. Mr. McElvenny has also represented criminal defendants in felony matters and assisted in the defense of civil matters arising from alleged SEC violations. He has represented individuals appearing before the Illinois Department of Professional Regulation as a result of SEC proceedings. After graduating with a B.A. in Philosophy, Mr. McElvenny proceeded from Loyola University-Chicago to DePaul University College of Law, receiving his JD from that institution in 2002. In 2010, he earned his Master’s of Science in Accounting from Loyola University-Chicago’s Graduate School of Business. Mr. McElvenny was selected to Illinois’ Super Lawyers Rising Stars in 2010, 2012 and 2013.

Marykaren R.

I provide legal advice and guidance on complex privacy laws and regulations including: Privacy Policies, incident response & state data breach notification laws, privacy risk and risk assessments, PIAs/DPIAs, contracts, and policies and procedures to help build consumer trust and ensure compliance. I am successful by encouraging collaboration with stakeholders to ensure a successful and sustainable program.

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Contract to lease land from a church.

I’m planning on leasing land from a church. Putting a gym on the property. And leasing it back to the school.

Ok; first step is that you will need a leasing contract with the church. Ask them to prepare one for you so you would just need an attorney to review the agreement and that should cost less than if you had to be the party to pay a lawyer to draft it from scratch. You need to ensure that the purpose of the lease is clearly stated - that you plan to put a gym on the land so that there are no issues if the church leadership changes. Step 2 - you will need a lease agreement with the school that your leasing it do (hopefully one that is similar to the original one your received from the church). Again, please ensure that all the terms that you discuss and agree to are in the document; including length of time, price and how to resolve disputes if you have one. I hope this is helpful. If you would like me to assist you further, you can contact me on Contracts Counsel and we can discuss a fee for my services. Regards, Donya Ramsay (Gordon)

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This residential lease assignment is between , an individual (the " Original Tenant ") and an individual (the " New Tenant ").

On or about , the Original Tenant and (the " Landlord ") entered into a lease agreement (the " Lease ").

The Lease covers the property located at , , , and more particularly described as follows: (the " Premises ").

Under section of the Lease, the Original Tenant is permitted to assign its interest in the Lease, with the consent of the Landlord.

The Original Tenant wishes to assign to the New Tenant's his or her rights in, and delegate all of his or her obligations under, the Lease, and the New Tenant wishes to accept this assignment.

The parties therefore agree as follows:

1. ASSIGNMENT.

The Original Tenant assigns to the New Tenant of all his or her rights in, and delegates to the New Tenant all of his or her obligations under, the Lease. This transfer will become effective as of (the " Effective Date "), and will continue until the present term of the Lease ends.

2. ASSUMPTION OF RIGHTS AND DUTIES.

After the Effective Date, the New Tenant shall assume all rights and duties under the Lease, including the obligation to pay rent under the Lease when it is due.   The Original Tenant will have no further obligations under the Lease   The Original Tenant will remain bound to the Landlord under the Lease, notwithstanding the assignment . However, the Original Tenant remains responsible for obligations accruing before the Effective Date.

3. REIMBURSEMENT.

On or before the Effective Date, the New Tenant shall pay to the Original Tenant, which is the sum of:

• (a)  the security deposit held by the Landlord under the Lease; and
• (b)  the rent or other deposits paid in advance by the Original Tenant for any period after the effective date of this assignment.

4. INDEMNIFICATION.

• (a) The Original Tenant shall indemnify the New Tenant from all damages, liabilities, expenses, claims, or judgments (including interest and reasonable attorneys' fees) (collectively, "Claims" ) arising out of the Original Tenant's failure to perform his or her obligations under the Lease before the Effective Date.
• (b) The New Tenant shall indemnify the Original Tenant from all Claims relating to the Lease, except if those costs arise from the Original Tenant's failure to perform his or her duties under the Lease before the Effective Date.
• (c) The New Tenant shall indemnify the Original Tenant from all Claims attributable to the acts or omissions of the New Tenant or his or her agents, contractors, or employees with respect to the Premises or any activities on the Premises. This indemnification will survive the termination of the Lease and this assignment.

5. CONTINUING EFFECTIVENESS OF LEASE.

This assignment is made on the understanding that all other terms of the Lease remain in full effect, including the prohibition against further assignments and subleases without the Landlord's express written consent.

6. ORIGINAL TENANT'S REPRESENTATIONS.

The Original Tenant represents that he or she:

• (a) has the power and authority to enter into and carry out this assignment;
• (b) has not previously assigned his or her rights under the Lease;
• (c) is the lawful and sole owner of the interests assigned under this assignment;
• (d) the interests assigned under this assignment are free from all encumbrances;
• (e) except for the Landlord and the Original Tenant, there are no parties in possession or occupancy of the Premises or any part of them, and there are no parties with possessory rights on the Premises or any part of them; and
• (f) has performed all obligations and made all required payments under the Lease.

7. CONDITION OF PREMISES.

The New Tenant has examined and inspected the Premises and accepts them "as is" and in its present condition with all faults. Except as provided in this assignment, the Original Tenant makes no representations, covenants, or guaranties about the status, nature, or condition of the Lease or the Premises.

8. INTERPRETATION .

In interpreting the language of this assignment, the parties shall be treated as having drafted this assignment after meaningful negotiations. The language in this assignment will be construed as to its fair meaning and not strictly for or against either party.

9. GOVERNING LAW .

• (a) Choice of Law. The laws of the state of govern this assignment (without giving effect to its conflicts of law principles).
• (b) Choice of Forum. Both parties consent to the personal jurisdiction of the state and federal courts in County, .

10. AMENDMENTS.

No amendment to this assignment will be effective unless it is in writing and signed by a party or its authorized representative.

11. COUNTERPARTS; ELECTRONIC SIGNATURES.

• (a) Counterparts. The parties may execute this agreement in any number of counterparts, each of which is an original but all of which constitute one and the same instrument.
• (b) Electronic Signatures . This agreement, agreements ancillary to this agreement, and related documents entered into in connection with this agreement are signed when a party's signature is delivered by facsimile, email, or other electronic medium. These signatures must be treated in all respects as having the same force and effect as original signatures.

12. SEVERABILITY.

If any one or more of the provisions contained in this assignment is, for any reason, held to be invalid, illegal, or unenforceable in any respect, that invalidity, illegality, or unenforceability will not affect any other provisions of this assignment, but this assignment will be construed as if those invalid, illegal, or unenforceable provisions had never been contained in it, unless the deletion of those provisions would result in such a material change so as to cause completion of the transactions contemplated by this assignment to be unreasonable.

13. NOTICES.

• (a) Writing; Permitted Delivery Methods . Each party giving or making any notice, request, demand, or other communication required or permitted by this assignment shall give that notice in writing and use one of the following types of delivery, each of which is a writing for purposes of this assignment: personal delivery, mail (registered or certified mail, postage prepaid, return-receipt requested), nationally recognized overnight courier (fees prepaid), facsimile, or email.
• (b) Addresses. A party shall address notices under this section to a party at the following addresses:
• If to the Original Tenant:
• If to the New Tenant:
• (c) Effectiveness. A notice is effective only if the party giving notice complies with subsections (a) and (b) and if the recipient receives the notice.

14. WAIVER.

No waiver of a breach, failure of any condition, or any right or remedy contained in or granted by the provisions of this assignment will be effective unless it is in writing and signed by the party waiving the breach, failure, right, or remedy. No waiver of any breach, failure, right, or remedy will be deemed a waiver of any other breach, failure, right, or remedy, whether or not similar, and no waiver will constitute a continuing waiver, unless the writing so specifies.

15. ENTIRE AGREEMENT.

This agreement constitutes the final agreement of the parties. It is the complete and exclusive expression of the parties' agreement about the subject matter of this agreement. All prior and contemporaneous communications, negotiations, and agreements between the parties relating to the subject matter of this agreement are expressly merged into and superseded by this agreement. The provisions of this agreement may not be explained, supplemented, or qualified by evidence of trade usage or a prior course of dealings. Neither party was induced to enter this agreement by, and neither party is relying on, any statement, representation, warranty, or agreement of the other party except those set forth expressly in this agreement. Except as set forth expressly in this agreement, there are no conditions precedent to this agreement's effectiveness.

16. HEADINGS.

The descriptive headings of the sections and subsections of this assignment are for convenience only, and do not affect this agreement's construction or interpretation.

17. EFFECTIVENESS.

This assignment will become effective when all parties have signed it. The date this assignment is signed by the last party to sign it (as indicated by the date associated with that party's signature) will be deemed the date of this assignment.

18. NECESSARY ACTS; FURTHER ASSURANCES.

Each party shall use all reasonable efforts to take, or cause to be taken, all actions necessary or desirable to consummate and make effective the transactions this assignment contemplates or to evidence or carry out the intent and purposes of this assignment.

[SIGNATURE PAGE FOLLOWS]

Each party is signing this agreement on the date stated opposite that party's signature.

ORIGINAL TENANT

[PAGE BREAK HERE]

LANDLORD'S CONSENT AND RELEASE

As Landlord under the Lease, I hereby consent to this assignment of the Lease, and to the New Tenant's assumption of the Original Tenant's obligations under the Lease, including the obligation to pay rent when it is due. As of the Effective Date, I release the Original Tenant from all liability for obligations (including rent payments) under the Lease. However, the Original Tenant remains primarily obligated as tenant under the Lease and I do not waive or relinquish any rights under the Lease against either the Original Tenant or the New Tenant.

Attach a copy of the Lease as Exhibit A

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• Control clauses in leases
• Commercial & Business Law
• January 31, 2018
• By Terry Morgan
• No Comments

“Control” clauses in leases are those clauses which provide that where the lessee is a corporate entity and the control of that corporate entity changes as a result of transfer or sale of shares in the corporate entity then such change is deemed to be an “assignment” of the lease and therefore the corporate entity must obtain the lessor’s consent to such “change of control”.

Usually a commercial lease will contain a clause to the effect that if such “change in control”(being a deemed assignment of the lease) is effected in the absence of the landlord’s consent then such “change in control” is a breach of an essential term of the lease, therefore enabling the lessor to terminate the lease..

In a recent Supreme Court of New South Wales decision, a lessor, purported to terminate the lease relying upon a search conducted through ASIC which disclosed that a change of control had taken place in the corporate entity that was the lessee, in the sense that the ASIC search revealed that a change of shareholding had taken place so as to reach the “change of control” clause in lease.

In subsequent proceedings before the Supreme Court of New South Wales involving the “change in control” and other issues, the court held that the documents lodged with ASIC were lodged in error and that there had not been any effective transfer of shares in the corporate entity which was the lessee so as to trigger the “change in control” provisions of the lease.

Therefore, there was no deemed assignment of the lease.

Accordingly, the lessors purported termination of the lease, relying on the “deemed assignment” of the lease arising out of the “change in control” was invalid.

In such circumstances, even when ASIC records disclose a change of shareholding in a corporate entity that is a lessee such as would trigger the “change in control” provisions of a lease and therefore create a “deemed assignment”, it appears that the lessor would be wise to make enquiry of the lessee as to the circumstances surrounding the change of ownership and whether there is an explanation for such “change in control” prior to giving consideration to any termination of lease arising out of the breach of an essential term of the lease being the “deemed assignment” arising out of the “change in control” of the corporate entity that is the lessee.

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Deemed assignments and landlord’s consent

• Author : Robert Hay KC - 27-07-2011

Leases commonly deem there to be an assignment of the term of the lease if change in the principal shareholding of the tenant or the directors of the tenant takes place that that alters the effective control of the tenant. 

The landlord’s written consent is usually required to such an assignment. If there is a term in the lease that excludes the operation of s.144 of the Property Law Act 1958 the following question arises:  does the landlord have an absolute right to refuse consent or is it subject to any dutiesin considering whether to grant or withhold consent to the assignment? In Lindholm v Tsourlinis Distributors Pty Ltd [2011] FCA 195 Finkelstein J held at [49] that a landlord in considering whether to grant or withhold consent is “bound to act in good faith”.

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Date: 16 April 2019

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Assignment Of A Lease: Everything You Need To Know! 📃

May 08, 2024 | Laura Everitt

There are are plenty of reasons why you might want to exit your commercial lease early. Perhaps your current premises are no longer suitable for the needs of your growing business, or maybe your business is in financial difficulty and you need to find a lease with more favourable terms.

There are also plenty of options when it comes to deciding how to exit a lease before the specified end date. Some of the most common include: assignment of a lease, which involves passing the lease onto another business; terminating the lease, with the help of a break clause if your contract contains one; or subletting your premises and adopting the role of landlord yourself.

Unfortunately, exiting a lease early is not always a simple process. A lease is a legal contract, and if you break it your landlord could take you to court. Opting to pursue a process such as assigning the lease to a new tenant can make exiting a lease early possible, but there are many factors that should be considered before beginning this process.

If you are thinking of trying to leave your lease early, it is advisable to obtain independent legal advice from an appropriately experienced commercial property solicitor before taking any action.

If you require legal advice or assistance on getting out of a commercial lease please call us on 0800 086 2929 , email [email protected] or complete our Free Online Enquiry Form .

In addition to office meetings, we also offer remote meetings via telephone and video conferencing software so can assist you wherever you are based.

What is assignment of a lease?

The process of assignment of a lease is essentially selling the lease to a third party (the “assignee”).

If you are a commercial property tenant, your contract likely contains a clause that allows you to assign your lease to a new tenant. To do this, you will need to find a potential new tenant yourself. Your landlord will expect this new tenant to meet the same expectations they originally set for you, and you will probably need their consent before the assignment can be completed.

While your landlord cannot reasonably withhold their consent for the assignment, they are under no obligation to give their consent if the new tenant doesn’t meet the terms set out in your contract – so it’s wise to be picky yourself about the tenant you select.

There are likely to be restrictions around when and if you can assign your lease specified in your contract. Some common restrictions include not allowing lease assignments if the contract is for a short period, and not allowing the lease to be assigned if the lease is ending within a few years.

Once a lease as been assigned, the assignee will become the new tenant and will be responsible for ensuring compliance with all of the tenant’s obligations in the lease.

What checks will a landlord make before permitting assignment of a lease?

Financial status

Your landlord will want to see evidence – usually in the form of business bank account statements – that the new tenant is in a strong financial position

Statements from previous landlords that the tenant has leased property from will be required to show that the tenant is reliable and doesn’t have a history of missing payments or otherwise neglecting their responsibilities as a tenant

Proposed use of the premises

Your landlord will probably be looking for a new tenant to intend to use the premises in broadly the same way as you have done in the past as the lease will specify what use is allowed.

Likelihood of requesting alterations to the building

As above, your landlord will require advanced notice of any alterations the new tenant may wish to make to the premises, and in some cases written permission in the form of a Licence to Alter will be required. It is likely that they may withhold their consent for assigning the lease to any tenant intending to make large-scale changes depending upon the type of premises involved.

What liabilities will you have when assigning a lease?

It is important to recognise that the assignment of a lease to a new tenant does not automatically exempt you from all liabilities related to that tenancy going forwards. In fact, once the lease assignment is complete you can still be liable should the new tenant miss any payments or otherwise break the terms of their contract.

Exactly what you will be liable for depends on when your lease began. If your lease began before January 1996 you will remain liable for all payments by any subsequent tenants – even if the lease is assigned several more times after you. This is called “privity of contract”.

For leases that began after January 1996, you will be required to sign an Authorised Guarantee Agreement . This means you guarantee payments for the next tenant, but not any further tenants.

Landlords can only claim payments of rent within six months of the money being due, and only after full notice has already been served to the former tenant.

What does lease assignment cost?

On the other hand, if the rent under the new lease is below the market rate, the new tenant may instead want to pay you a premium. If this is the case, you’ll need to make a decision on whether to charge VAT – or “opt to tax” – something that’s worth getting professional advice on.

A final charge to be considered is the cost of this advice. It is highly recommended to involve your solicitor when opting to pursue a lease assignment so as not to inadvertently break the terms of your contract and leave yourself open to court action. You should therefore also factor solicitors’ fees into your calculations when considering the cost of exiting your lease.

How to get out of a commercial lease – what are the alternatives?

Assignment of a lease is not the only way to get out of a commercial lease and depending on your circumstances and the contract you have with your current landlord, it may not always be the best option.

Some alternative ways to get out of a commercial lease early include:

Using a break clause

Some lease contracts include a “break clause” which offers both parties the opportunity to end the lease early in certain circumstances. Read your contract carefully to check if it contains a clause like this, and if it does, what terms and conditions are involved. Any time limits specified in the lease for giving of notice must be strictly followed.

Negotiating a lease exit

If your contract does not include a break clause, your landlord may still be open to you exiting the lease early. You would need to negotiate the specific terms of your exit and your landlord may require a pay-out to offset the inconvenience of having to market the property again.

Compared to lease assignment, negotiating an exit from your lease should provide a clean break with no further liabilities, but we would recommend seeking legal advice to confirm that you were exiting the contract cleanly.

Subletting the premises

A final option to consider when looking at how to get out of your commercial lease early is subletting. If your contract allows it, you can take on the role of landlord by finding and leasing your property to a new tenant.

You can use the rent payments from your new tenant to cover your own obligations, but in return you’ll be expected to take a hands-on role managing the property and dealing with the sub-tenant directly.

Need assistance with assignment of lease?

Exiting a lease early can be a complex process, whether you choose to do so by arranging the assignment of your lease or by one of the other means mentioned above.

Lease assignment is an effective way for tenants to get out of a commercial lease early. However, this can be a slow process and you will incur costs.

Contacting a solicitor at an early juncture is advisable so that you are appropriately advised at the outset of any key considerations and potential pitfalls. For example, even though you are selling the lease, you could potentially remain liable afterwards; this will depend on the age of the lease and whether you have entered into an authorised agreement or not.

Laura Everitt is the Head of our Property Department and has many years of experience in dealing with lease assignment.  Laura assists and advises clients all over the country.  In addition to office meetings, Shakeel offers remote meetings via telephone or video conferencing software so can assist you wherever you are based.

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If you are considering how to get out of a commercial lease or have any queries relating to any of the issues discussed in this article, please get in touch with our of our experienced property lawyers by calling 0800 086 2929 , emailing [email protected] or completing our Free Online Enquiry Form .

The content of this article is for general information only. The information in this article is not legal or professional advice. If you require legal or professional advice you should obtain independent expert advice from qualified commercial property solicitors such as those within our firm .

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• Assignments of lease - what you should know as a t…

Assignments of lease ? What you should know as a tenant

You (or your company) are a tenant of commercial or retail premises.  You are thinking of assigning your lease. 

What are the main issues?

If you assign your lease, you transfer your rights under the lease to a new tenant.  You cannot assign part of your lease.  An assignment must deal with the whole of your premises.

A proposed assignment requires the consent of your landlord.  Normally, the landlord cannot unreasonably withhold consent to an assignment, provided that the proposed new tenant is of sound financial standing and is willing to provide personal guarantees and/or a bank guarantee at least equivalent to any guarantees that you may have provided to your landlord.

With an assignment, the landlord will normally require you and the new tenant to enter into a deed with the landlord under which the new tenant agrees to take over your obligations under the lease, and you acknowledge that despite the assignment, you are not released from obligations under the lease.

Normally, if you assign a lease, the new tenant takes over your obligations under the lease from the date of the assignment, but you are not released from your obligations under the lease unless you are able to persuade your landlord to release you.  Although releases are not normally provided, there is no reason why you should not request a release.

Although you remain liable after an assignment, landlords will normally release any personal guarantees or bank guarantees that may have been provided by you, provided that the new tenant offers equivalent replacement guarantees.

Transfer of shares instead of assignment

If your company is the tenant under your lease, there may be circumstances in which it suits you to sell the company rather than assign the lease.  Some leases contain provisions which require the landlord’s consent for a transfer of all or a majority of shares in the tenant company, as if the transfer was an assignment of the lease.  If your lease does not contain these provisions, the consent of the landlord will not be required.  However, if personal guarantees have been provided, the landlord’s consent will be required if it is intended to replace those guarantees.

Retail Lease Act

If your lease is of retail premises covered by the Retail Leases Act , that Act sets out the procedure to be followed in relation to assignments and limits the circumstances in which your landlord can withhold consent to an assignment.

Legal Expenses

With an assignment, the landlord will expect its legal expenses in connection with the assignment to be reimbursed.  You may be able to negotiate for the subtenant to pay all or some of the landlord’s legal expenses and your legal expenses.

Author: Jack Gordon

Contributing Author: Melissa Potter

Our expertise

What is a Deed of Assignment in New Zealand?

By Emma Lindblom

Updated on January 28, 2021 Reading time: 5 minutes

This article meets our strict editorial principles. Our lawyers, experienced writers and legally trained editorial team put every effort into ensuring the information published on our website is accurate. We encourage you to seek independent legal advice. Learn more .

What is Assignment?

What is in a deed of assignment, when you would use a deed of assignment, key takeaways.

As contracts age, you may come to a point where you want to transfer your rights and benefits under a contract to another person. There are a couple of ways you can do this, one of which being through an assignment. Sometimes, your original contract will have an assignment clause detailing how you should go through the assignment process. However, not every contract has such a clause, so you can use a deed of assignment to transfer the original contract to another person. A deed of assignment is an important document you can use in a variety of situations. This article will help you understand:

• how assignment works;
• what is beneficial to put in your deed of assignment; and
• some possible situations where you would use this legal document.

Assignments are a common way of transferring contracts in the commercial world. In an assignment, you, the assignor, assign the benefits and rights of the contract you hold to an assignee, a third party to your original contract. The assignee will then continue to perform the contract, and receive the benefits from doing so.

However, an assignment does not transfer your original obligations to the person you formed the contract with. You still have to perform your side of the contract.

For example, if you assign your lease to a new tenant, you still have to pay any rent you have owing. In most cases, assigning a contract does not need the consent of all parties. However, some contracts have an express clause prohibiting assignment, so it is important to check the terms of your contract.

You will want to make sure you properly draft your deed of assignment to make sure you do not leave any avenues open for legal consequences later on. Your deed will vary depending on your situation, but generally, you will want to include:

• who the assignor is;
• who the assignee is;
• the signatures of both parties;
• witness signatures, if the situation requires;
• contact details of both parties;
• the nature of the contract or legal device you are assigning;
• what benefits and rights you are assigning; 
• any payments that need to be made; and 
• how those benefits manifest – whether that be through financial means, or service performed.

If you are unsure about what your deed needs to cover, it is a good idea to obtain legal advice.

Transferral of Creditor Rights

You can use a deed of assignment to transfer the right to be paid a debt. This means that you would transfer the benefit of that debt payment to someone else, while the original party you contracted with still performs their end of paying back the debt.

Transferring Ownership of a Trade Mark

You may be in the situation where you are transferring the copyright of a trademark to someone else’s name.

For example, if you are a graphic designer, you would design the logo, and assign the copyright of the trademark or logo you created to someone else. This would require a signed deed of assignment as the legal document proving the transfer of ownership.

Selling a Business

In the process of selling your business , you may use a deed of assignment to transfer any pre-existing commercial contracts you have with customers to whoever is buying your business . This means that the new owner can still maintain those customer relationships without having to enter into an entirely new contract.

Assignment of Lease

Deeds of assignment are often used in real estate transactions. If you are a tenant, you may wish to assign your lease to new tenants and move off of the property. You would use a deed of assignment to transfer your rights under the lease to the new tenant.

However, there are some additional requirements that you need to consider in this process. Usually, you need the permission of your landlord, and you need to make sure that the new tenant is respectable, responsible and able to fulfil any financial obligations that may arise under the lease in the future.

Making an EQC Claim

If you are buying or selling a house, and there is an already existing claim by the Earthquake Commission (EQC) investigating potential natural disaster damage on the house, transferring that claim is a part of the purchase process. You can transfer (or have transferred to you) the rights to the benefit of that claim using a deed of assignment. The deed will need to include all information about the claim, such as reference numbers and insurance information 

Assignment is the process where you, the assignor, transfer the rights and benefits under a contract to a new person, the assignee. You need to formalise this process in writing in some way, and you can use a deed of assignment to fulfil this requirement. There are a variety of situations you can use a deed of assignment in, so it is important to tailor your deed to the specifics of your case. If you want more information or help with drafting your deed of assignment, contact LegalVision’s business lawyers on 0800 005 570 or fill out the form on this page.

An assignment is when you (the Assignor) transfer your rights from a contract to someone else (the Assignee). But, you still have to fulfil any outstanding obligations you have under the contract.

A deed of assignment is the contract outlining the assignment process. This is a written record of the transfer of rights that happens in an assignment and is signed by both the Assignor and the Assignee.

In a deed of assignment, you need to outline what exactly is being assigned to the third party. Both parties need to sign the document, and also the signatures of witnesses to the document.

You can use a deed of assignment in a variety of situations. Often, you would use it as a proof of transfer of ownership of legal property. This can apply to intellectual property, such as trademarks, or real estate property, such as the lease on commercial premises of your business.

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