biomass energy advantages and disadvantages essay

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Biomass energy: Advantages and disadvantages

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• Jacob Marsh

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Biomass refers to any organic matter used to create energy. This could include everyday animal matter as well as different crops. It can be burned or turned into liquid for electricity generation. No energy source is perfect, biomass included. Though it's renewable, there are both benefits and downsides to generating electricity using biomass energy plants. This article will review the advantages and disadvantages of using biomass for electricity generation.

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Top pros and cons of biomass

There are both pros and cons of using biomass for energy. Here are a few to keep in mind:

Pros and cons of biomass

On the pros side, bioenergy is a widely available, reliable type of renewable energy. Harvesting biomass for electricity can also help us reduce waste. However, there are cons to consider: compared to other sources of electricity, biomass can be expensive to gather, transport, and store. Also, building biomass energy plants for large-scale electricity production can require much land space. Several environmental downsides of biomass can vary depending on the type of fuel used and how it’s collected.

Below, we'll explore these pros and cons in further detail:

Advantages of biomass

Biomass is a renewable resource.

Biomass is an abundant resource: organic matter surrounds us, from forests and croplands to waste and landfills. All biomass initially gets its energy from the sun – thanks to photosynthesis, biomass resources regrow in a relatively short timespan compared to fossil fuel resources that take hundreds of millions of years to replenish. As such, we won't run out of biomass for energy production.

Biomass helps reduce waste

Landfills have several negative impacts on the environment, including contamination of nearby air, soil, and water and the emission of greenhouse gases. 

Many products in landfills are hazardous and toxic; depending on how these materials are managed, they can contaminate our land, air, and water, eventually leading to adverse environmental and human health consequences.

Additionally, landfills significantly contribute to greenhouse gas emissions in our atmosphere. When organic matter in landfills decomposes, it emits methane–one of the most potent greenhouse gases–and carbon dioxide and other compounds. 

Diverting waste to biomass energy plants instead of landfills not only helps reduce the size of landfills and alleviates these risks but also takes materials that would otherwise sit around and uses them productively.

Biomass is a reliable source of electricity

Biomass energy plants are often dispatchable, meaning they can easily be turned on or off. This allows electricity grid operators to use electricity from these plants during times of peak demand. 

Bioenergy is not intermittent or variable, unlike other renewable energy sources like solar and wind: the sun isn't always shining, and the wind isn't always blowing. Without storage technologies, you can't always use solar or wind energy when you need it. In comparison, while the availability of some biomass resources may be susceptible to seasonality, biomass energy plants can always turn on to provide power, regardless of the weather outside.

Disadvantages of biomass

Outside of the upfront costs to get the plants up and running, additional costs are associated with extracting, transporting, and storing biomass before electricity generation. This is an added cost that other renewable technologies don't need to account for, as they rely on free, onsite resources (tides, sunshine, wind, etc.) for fuel.

Costs can vary widely from biomass energy plant to biomass energy plant, and in some cases, bioenergy has the potential to be cost-competitive with solar and wind. Overall costs largely depend on the type of biomass and how it's converted to electricity. That said, even though biomass is often more expensive than alternative renewable energy options, the most expensive types of bioenergy are still on par with or cheaper than fossil fuels: bioenergy does not require drilling into the earth, which carries a high capital (and environmental) cost.

Space requirements

Biomass energy plants require a lot of space, limiting the areas where you can place a plant. Often, companies also need to put these plants near their source of biomass to cut down on transportation and storage costs. 

Additional space may also be necessary to grow the organic matter; if power companies are growing crops or trees for bioenergy rather than using agricultural waste, this contributes to a larger land footprint per unit of electricity production.

Adverse environmental impacts

Like many other forms of energy, producing electricity from biomass can come with several environmental downsides.

For one, depending on the type of biomass used to generate electricity, unsustainable bioenergy practices can result in deforestation over time. Companies that clear-cut forests to provide material for biomass energy plants harm the natural environment and disrupt the habitats of plants and animals in the process. Clearing plants and organic material from the earth can also impact the surrounding soil's health, which requires compost and fertilization biomass.

Growing crops for the sole purpose of bioenergy resources also requires a good amount of water: all plants need water to grow, and continuous irrigation of these resources can make an area more vulnerable to drought. 

Additionally, while often viewed as an environmentally friendly alternative to coal, producing electricity from biomass does release pollutants into the air, such as carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides, volatile organic compounds, and more. In some cases, the emissions and pollutants from biomass can be worse than those from fossil fuel resources. These pollutants have adverse impacts on environmental and human health.

The environmental and health consequences of bioenergy can be minimized through several efforts, including more sustainable land-use practices, re-planting efforts, and technological innovation.

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23 Biomass Energy Advantages and Disadvantages

Biomass energy comes from organic materials, such as plants, so that is why it receives classification as a renewable source of energy. The sun stores resources into these materials thanks to photosynthesis. When we burn these items, then the chemical energy kept in the biomass releases as heat. It can burn directly or get converted into liquid fuels, biogas, and other products.

Several different organic materials are useful for biomass energy today. We typically use wood and processing wastes from it to provide warmth to buildings, produce process heat for industrial purposes, or generate electricity. We also use agricultural crops and their waste items to burn as fuels or to create liquid biofuel. Food, yard, and compost waste are useful commodities, as is animal manure or even human sewage.

We can burn solid biomass to produce heat directly. It can go through a conversion process to create other fuels that we can burn for energy. Ethanol is an example of turning an agricultural commodity into usable fuel.

About 5% of the energy supply of the United States comes from this resource, which is why an evaluation of these biomass energy advantages and disadvantages is helpful.

List of the Advantages of Biomass Energy

1. Biomass energy is a renewable resource. We can use any organic material to produce biomass energy. That’s why the emphasis is on garbage, manure, and dead plants. Even though it takes time to renew the foundation of plant materials each year, our daily activities can supplement the materials needed to create the electricity or fuels we require to manage our responsibilities. Most sources of biomass can regenerate themselves within a few months, and several grass species can do so within a few weeks when the growing conditions are carefully managed.

2. It reduces our dependence on fossil fuel resources. Since we can convert biomass energy into electricity and various fuels, the supplies we generate from this resource help to reduce fossil fuel dependencies. The finite nature of natural gas, crude oil, coal, and other raw materials make those resources a cause for concern in some circles. When we can transition more of society’s energy needs to this renewable option, then our ability to extend other commodities helps to ensure that future generations have access to what they need.

3. Biomass can be a carbon-neutral proposition for energy generation. When we use combustion to generate energy from biomass, then it releases greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. What makes it a carbon-neutral proposition is the natural way that plants take carbon out of the atmosphere during the photosynthesis process. When we grow materials in a sustainable way, then the new growth will remove what gets released during electricity generation, refinement, or heating needs. It creates a careful balance where we get to replace everything that gets consumed.

4. It gives us a way to divert waste away from our landfills. Waste accumulation is a matter of significant concern for most countries. The average person in the United States adds five pounds of trash into its landfills every day. That means the total generation of municipal solid waste in 2017 was over 267 million short tons that went into American landfills. Significant levels of trash go through a similar process in every developed country globally.

When we use biomass to generate electricity, then we can divert some of this waste into something that’s useful for society. If we can produce this resource sustainably, then we have an effective way to create fuel while promoting a healthier environment. California’s efforts to generate biomass energy already diverts about 10 million tons of low-value organic waste away from landfills.

5. Biomass energy has abundant availability. The amount of potential we have with biomass energy is massive. We currently use corn and sugarcane to produce ethanol, a fuel that can act as a gasoline substitute. Biodiesel is a more eco-friendly option that the fossil fuel version that gets used each day. Some fields can produce four crops of grass annually that is useful as an energy-producing option. Then we have all of the trash and waste that gets produced by human activities in each country.

As consumption levels continue to rise around the world, the growing availability of animal and plant waste allows us to have more access to this energy generation resource.

6. We can make biofuels with low emissions profiles. Biomass energy allows us to turn organic materials into a variety of different fuels that we can use each day. Some of them are relatively clean, including alcohol, ethanol, and methane. It can be an expensive and time-consuming process to generate resources that fit into this benefit, but these efforts are also a way to ensure our climate change activities start to reduce. Building refineries and production facilities that operate on the largest scale possible can make this energy resource more affordable to the average family.

7. Biomass crops can grow almost anywhere. Since we can produce biomass-related crops almost anywhere on our planet, we can lower the transportation expenses of the industry by growing usable items near each facility. There are always costs to consider when combusting materials to generate power or fuel, but we can control them effectively when the processes occur near each processing facility. This benefit is the one key that can unlock the full potential of this renewable energy resource.

8. We can use biomass energy in several different ways. The United States and Brazil dedicate significant resources to produce biomass energy in the form of ethanol. We can use it to create electricity or produce heating gas that lets us have comfortable indoor environments during each season. Some manufacturers can turn the organic materials into biochemicals, biodiesel, and similar fuels. We can take waste products like sawdust, turn them into pellets, and then combust them to generate basic heat. The amount of versatility available from the core products of this industry makes it one of the most useful energy items we can use right now.

9. Biomass energy creates more energy independence around the world. The reliance on oil throughout the world creates an economic advantage for producers and disadvantages for consumers. About one-fifth of the fossil fuels we use today go directly toward transportation needs. That means each country must purchase imports to meet their needs, creating high levels of wealth that go directly to the countries that have the capabilities of shipping crude oil, natural gas, and similar resources.

Having access to biomass energy gives each country more energy independence. The cost savings that can become available from fewer imports can turn this renewable resource into a cost-neutral and carbon-neutral proposition that can help economies just as readily as the environment.

List of the Disadvantages of Biomass Energy

1. The efficiency rate of entry-level biomass is extremely low. The stoves that people use to generate energy with biomass products are inefficient. If you purchase a catalytic stove in the United States or Europe, then the best efficient rates hover around 75%. Designs that are non-catalytic have an assigned efficiency of 63%. The best option in this category is the pellet stove, which can achieve an 80% rating with some models.

When we look at the developing world’s use of biomass, it’s a very different story that gets told. Some of the efficiency rates can be as low as 10%, which means 90% of the energy produced from the organic materials gets lost. Most people in this situation use it for cooking and heating purposes, with household adoption rates as high as 89% in some African countries.

2. Health issues can develop with widespread biomass use. When we burn wood and organic waste indoors, then the products typically produce more smoke than heat. That’s why a fireplace or wood stove has a chimney or some other method of venting. The smoke must go somewhere, which means we release it outside. Constant exposure to this byproduct of heat or energy product creates a smoke inhalation hazard that can create severe health problems over time. Several lung diseases are directly associated with the use of biomass energy activities.

3. Biomass energy creates environmental issues for us to manage. The easiest way to produce biomass energy in the developing world is to cut down a tree. This activity occurs in an unregulated manner, and it often happens without an effort at reforestation being made to replace the lost forests. It is a disadvantage that eventually leads to widespread deforestation.

When the trees and forest undergrowth aren’t present, then the bare soil is subjected to more erosion-related activities from the wind and water. Most of this activity occurs in tropical climates where many of the nutrients are locked in the organic materials instead of the soil. That deprives the ecosystem of the nutrients it requires to provide a healthy foundation.

4. Losing organic material can add to the problem of global warming. Forests, grasslands, and similar biomes all act as carbon sinks for our planet. The photosynthesis process helps to prevent severe climate change incidents. This process works most effectively within the tropical forests of our planet. If we lose these trees or reduce the capacity of a biome, then the ability to take carbon dioxide out of the atmosphere begins to disappear. That means the efforts to create biomass energy create a short-term gain economically while producing a long-term debt that future generations must manage.

Deforestation also results in the loss of biodiversity that strengthens our global ecosystem. We are just as dependent on the forests as they are on us, so upsetting the balance causes harm when we fail to use a sustainable approach.

5. Biomass energy may not capture carbon dioxide efficiently. We describe biomass energy as a renewable resource because each new crop that grows captures CO2 through photosynthesis. Some plants capture this harmful greenhouse gas in special ways to create a massive storage potential. If we burn these plants to produce energy while replacing them with crops that have a lower storage capacity, then the results are similar to what happens when we use fossil fuels. That’s why using tree-based materials to generate electricity and fuel creates so many problems for the environment.

6. Organic materials are only seasonal. Biomass energy is useful when a year-round supply is available. Unless a country exists in a tropical climate, then this outcome isn’t possible. Limited growing seasons occur in the north, making the availability of new organic material less possible during the winter. Some regions can supplement their supplies with animal waste and trash, but it isn’t a guarantee that these items are available.

That means the most biomass energy resources tend to belong to the warmer climates where more agricultural activities become possible. Multiple crop cycles generate more benefits than what a single growing season can provide.

7. Even with best practices in place, biomass might increase CO2 emissions. When the U.S. government reviewed the environmental changes that happened when farmers converted from food-based corn crops to fuel-based alternatives, the emissions profile of this activity changes. Scientists expected to see a 20% reduction in the carbon dioxide released from these agricultural efforts, but the number of emissions actually doubled. The impact of this change could last for more than a century.

Brazil and other countries use sugarcane, sawgrass, and other organic materials with faster growing cycles than corn to produce biomass energy. Even their methods can still increase localized greenhouse gas emissions by over 50%.

8. It eliminates the use of arable land for food production. One of the primary options for the biomass energy production industry in the United States is ethanol from corn production. American farmers produce about 5 billion bushels each year that gets turned into this useful biofuel. That means about 10% of our croplands are put to use to create usable biomass. Almost 40% goes toward feed products intended for livestock and other animals, which leaves the remainder for the rest of us.

If cash crops for energy production are worth more than what we produce for food, then more farmers will consider converting their fields. Our desire for renewable energy in this sector can lead to less food production. Even if we maintain the same levels, the ethical question of using farmland for fuel instead of food must be asked since 1 in 7 people around the world go hungry regularly.

9. Biomass energy lacks scalability. We can only produce biomass energy at a specific ratio because of the organic materials used to create it. Adding more materials won’t alter this fact. You’ll just increase the output received, like when you add a couple of logs to the fire in your wood stove. If we want to create something that meets the needs of an entire nation, then new furnaces and boilers must get added to a biomass facility so that additional electricity generation becomes possible. That’s the reason why this resource is one of the least cost-effective ways to produce usable energy right now.

10. We must expend additional energy resources to transport biomass. Heavy feedstocks make up the bulk of today’s biomass energy fuels. We must transport these items from their croplands or natural habits to a facility for combustion. If the environmental costs of this disadvantage get added into the overall expenses in place, then the greenhouse gas emissions could be worse with this renewable resource than it is when we burn a cleaner fossil fuel like natural gas.

When the particulate matter from organic combustion comes into play, then the environmental risks of a biomass facility become similar to those of coal-fired power plants.

11. Biomass energy requires significant water resources to be usable. When we produce biofuels from biomass products, then it takes up to 20,000 liters of fluid to produce a single liter of usable fuel. The water footprint of this renewable resource is much higher than it is for fossil fuels. We’re already using 54% of the accessible runoff and 26% of evapotranspiration from our ecosystems to meet our water needs. If we don’t take care of this component of our ecosystem, then it may become difficult for future generations to have access to the water they need.

12. New biomass energy installations are surprisingly expensive. The cost of biomass energy can be as high as $4,400 per kilowatt-hour installed. This rate is the second-highest in the market today, with only solar more expensive right now. The average utility rate for electricity in the United States is $0.1331 per kilowatt-hour, but it is as high as $0.2254 in Alaska and $0.3276 in Hawaii. Natural gas provides electricity for 75% less, while coal-fired power plants operate at a 50% cost reduction.

That means we can install nuclear power or off-shore wind facilities at a lower environmental cost for the same price. The only advantage that biomass provides when looking at this specific disadvantage is the option to reduce accumulated waste levels.

13. Biofuels don’t produce the same energy levels as refined fossil fuels. The fuel efficiency rates of biofuels like ethanol are up to 33% less than when we use refined gasoline. That means we must use more of it to create the results we need, leading to higher emissions levels over time. Even a product like biodiesel is 10% less efficient than the standard fuel that gets used by many in the shipping industry. When we combine the issues with this disadvantage with the potential for forest clear-cutting and other mismanagement issues, the impact on the environment can be significantly worse than if we were to use fossil fuels alone.

14. Biomass energy still creates waste products that can harm the environment. The waste products that come from biomass can sometimes get recycled to become something usable once again. It releases a significant amount of pollutants to create technologies that are just as dirty as coal-fired power plants. The communities and regions where these facilities are available create more particulates and nitrogen oxides. Although there is less mercury and sulfur, it isn’t always fair to say that this resource is a green energy solution.

When we look at the positives of biomass energy, this renewable resource seems like a viable alternative to the dirtier fossil fuels that we burn each day. It can be a carbon-neutral option when we use sustainable methods to produce new crops, but the only way to guarantee this outcome is to implement global regulations. With over 200 governments having different agendas to pursue, the reality of these benefits isn’t always feasible.

Carbon-capture technologies and new innovations can help us to divert more waste from our landfills without a significant release of particulates or greenhouse gases.

The advantages and disadvantages of biomass energy attempt to turn our waste generation activities into a positive situation. Fossil fuels might not be with us forever, which is why this alternative fuel must receive more developmental attention to make it a truly renewable resource for future generations.

Biomass Energy

People have used biomass energy—energy from living things—since the earliest homonids first made wood fires for cooking or keeping warm. Today, biomass is used to fuel electric generators and other machinery.

Biology, Ecology, Earth Science, Engineering

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People have used biomass energy —energy from living things—since the earliest hominids first made wood fires for cooking or keeping warm. Biomass is organic, meaning it is made of material that comes from living organisms, such as plants and animals. The most common biomass materials used for energy are plants, wood, and waste. These are called biomass feedstocks . Biomass energy can also be a nonrenewable energy source. Biomass contains energy first derived from the sun: Plants absorb the sun’s energy through photosynthesis , and convert carbon dioxide and water into nutrients (carbohydrates). The energy from these organisms can be transformed into usable energy through direct and indirect means. Biomass can be burned to create heat (direct), converted into electricity (direct), or processed into biofuel (indirect). Thermal Conversion Biomass can be burned by thermal conversion and used for energy. Thermal conversion involves heating the biomass feedstock in order to burn, dehydrate , or stabilize it. The most familiar biomass feedstocks for thermal conversion are raw materials such as municipal solid waste (MSW) and scraps from paper or lumber mills. Different types of energy are created through direct firing, co-firing , pyrolysis , gasification , and anaerobic decomposition . Before biomass can be burned, however, it must be dried. This chemical process is called torrefaction . During torrefaction, biomass is heated to about 200° to 320° Celsius (390° to 610° Fahrenheit). The biomass dries out so completely that it loses the ability to absorb moisture, or rot. It loses about 20 percent of its original mass, but retains 90 percent of its energy. The lost energy and mass can be used to fuel the torrefaction process. During torrefaction, biomass becomes a dry, blackened material. It is then compressed into briquettes . Biomass briquettes are very hydrophobic , meaning they repel water. This makes it possible to store them in moist areas. The briquettes have high energy density and are easy to burn during direct or co-firing. Direct Firing and Co-Firing Most briquettes are burned directly. The steam produced during the firing process powers a turbine , which turns a generator and produces electricity. This electricity can be used for manufacturing or to heat buildings. Biomass can also be co-fired, or burned with a fossil fuel . Biomass is most often co-fired in coal plants. Co-firing eliminates the need for new factories for processing biomass. Co-firing also eases the demand for coal. This reduces the amount of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases released by burning fossil fuels. Pyrolysis Pyrolysis is a related method of heating biomass. During pyrolysis, biomass is heated to 200° to 300° C (390° to 570° F) without the presence of oxygen. This keeps it from combusting and causes the biomass to be chemically altered. Pyrolysis produces a dark liquid called pyrolysis oil , a synthetic gas called syngas , and a solid residue called biochar . All of these components can be used for energy. Pyrolysis oil, sometimes called bio-oil or biocrude, is a type of tar . It can be combusted to generate electricity and is also used as a component in other fuels and plastics. Scientists and engineers are studying pyrolysis oil as a possible alternative to petroleum . Syngas can be converted into fuel (such as synthetic natural gas ). It can also be converted into methane and used as a replacement for natural gas. Biochar is a type of charcoal . Biochar is a carbon-rich solid that is particularly useful in agriculture . Biochar enriches soil and prevents it from leaching pesticides and other nutrients into runoff . Biochar is also an excellent carbon sink . Carbon sinks are reservoirs for carbon-containing chemicals, including greenhouse gases.

Gasification Biomass can also be directly converted to energy through gasification. During the gasification process, a biomass feedstock (usually MSW) is heated to more than 700° C (1,300° F) with a controlled amount of oxygen. The molecules break down, and produce syngas and slag . Syngas is a combination of hydrogen and carbon monoxide. During gasification, syngas is cleaned of sulfur, particulates, mercury, and other pollutants . The clean syngas can be combusted for heat or electricity, or processed into transportation biofuels, chemicals, and fertilizers . Slag forms as a glassy, molten liquid. It can be used to make shingles, cement, or asphalt. Industrial gasification plants are being built all over the world. Asia and Australia are constructing and operating the most plants, although one of the largest gasification plants in the world is currently under construction in Stockton-on-Tees, England. This plant will eventually be able to convert more than 350,000 tons of MSW into enough energy to power 50,000 homes. Anaerobic Decomposition Anaerobic decomposition is the process where microorganisms , usually bacteria , break down material in the absence of oxygen. Anaerobic decomposition is an important process in landfills , where biomass is crushed and compressed, creating an anaerobic (or oxygen-poor) environment. In an anaerobic environment, biomass decays and produces methane, which is a valuable energy source. This methane can replace fossil fuels. In addition to landfills, anaerobic decomposition can also be implemented on ranches and livestock farms. Manure and other animal waste can be converted to sustainably meet the energy needs of the farm. Biofuel Biomass is the only renewable energy source that can be converted into liquid biofuels such as ethanol and biodiesel . Biofuel is used to power vehicles, and is being produced by gasification in countries such as Sweden, Austria, and the United States. Ethanol is made by fermenting biomass that is high in carbohydrates, such as sugarcane, wheat, or corn. Biodiesel is made from combining ethanol with animal fat, recycled cooking fat, or vegetable oil. Biofuels do not operate as efficiently as gasoline. However, they can be blended with gasoline to efficiently power vehicles and machinery, and do not release the emissions associated with fossil fuels. Ethanol requires acres of farmland to grow biocrops (usually corn). About 1,515 liters (400 gallons) of ethanol is produced by an acre of corn. But this acreage is then unavailable for growing crops for food or other uses. Growing enough corn for ethanol also creates a strain on the environment because of the lack of variation in planting, and the high use of pesticides. Ethanol has become a popular substitute for wood in residential fireplaces. When it is burned, it gives off heat in the form of flames, and water vapor instead of smoke. Biochar Biochar, produced during pyrolysis, is valuable in agricultural and environmental use. When biomass rots or burns (naturally or by human activity), it releases high amounts of methane and carbon dioxide into the atmosphere . However, when biomass is charred, it sequesters , or stores, its carbon content. When biochar is added back to the soil, it can continue to absorb carbon and form large underground stores of sequestered carbon—carbon sinks—that can lead to negative carbon emissions and healthier soil. Biochar also helps enrich the soil. It is porous . When added back to the soil, biochar absorbs and retains water and nutrients.

Biochar is used in Brazil’s Amazon rainforest in a process called slash-and-char . Slash-and-char agriculture replaces slash-and-burn , which temporarily increases the soil nutrients but causes it to lose 97 percent of its carbon content. During slash-and-char, the charred plants (biochar) are returned to the soil, and the soil retains 50 percent of its carbon. This enhances the soil and leads to significantly higher plant growth. Black Liquor When wood is processed into paper, it produces a high-energy, toxic substance called black liquor. Until the 1930s, black liquor from paper mills was considered a waste product and dumped into nearby water sources. However, black liquor retains more than 50 percent of the wood’s biomass energy. With the invention of the recovery boiler in the 1930s, black liquor could be recycled and used to power the mill. In the United States, paper mills use nearly all their black liquor to run their mills, and the forest industry is one of the most energy-efficient in the nation as a result. More recently, Sweden has experimented in gasifying black liquor to produce syngas, which can then be used to generate electricity. Hydrogen Fuel Cells Biomass is rich in hydrogen, which can be chemically extracted and used to generate power and to fuel vehicles. Stationary fuel cells are used to generate electricity in remote locations, such as spacecraft and wilderness areas. Yosemite National Park in the U.S. state of California, for example, uses hydrogen fuel cells to provide electricity and hot water to its administration building. Hydrogen fuel cells may hold even more potential as an alternative energy source for vehicles. The U.S. Department of Energy estimates that biomass has the potential to produce 40 million tons of hydrogen per year. This would be enough to fuel 150 million vehicles. Currently, hydrogen fuel cells are used to power buses, forklifts, boats, and submarines, and are being tested on airplanes and other vehicles. However, there is a debate as to whether this technology will become sustainable or economically possible. The energy that it takes to isolate, compress, package, and transport the hydrogen does not leave a high quantity of energy for practical use. Biomass and the Environment Biomass is an integral part of Earth’s carbon cycle . The carbon cycle is the process by which carbon is exchanged between all layers of Earth: atmosphere, hydrosphere , biosphere , and lithosphere . The carbon cycle takes many forms. Carbon helps regulate the amount of sunlight that enters Earth’s atmosphere. It is exchanged through photosynthesis, decomposition, respiration, and human activity. Carbon that is absorbed by soil as an organism decomposes, for example, may be recycled as a plant releases carbon-based nutrients into the biosphere through photosynthesis. Under the right conditions, the decomposing organism may become peat , coal, or petroleum before being extracted through natural or human activity. Between periods of exchange, carbon is sequestered, or stored. The carbon in fossil fuels has been sequestered for millions of years. When fossil fuels are extracted and burned for energy, their sequestered carbon is released into the atmosphere. Fossil fuels do not reabsorb carbon. In contrast to fossil fuels, biomass comes from recently living organisms. The carbon in biomass can continue to be exchanged in the carbon cycle. In order to effectively allow Earth to continue the carbon cycle process, however, biomass materials such as plants and forests have to be sustainably farmed. It takes decades for trees and plants such as switchgrass to reabsorb and sequester carbon. Uprooting or disturbing the soil can be extremely disruptive to the process. A steady and varied supply of trees, crops, and other plants is vital for maintaining a healthy environment. Algal Fuel Algae is a unique organism that has enormous potential as a source of biomass energy. Algae, whose most familiar form is seaweed , produces energy through photosynthesis at a much quicker rate than any other biofuel feedstock—up to 30 times faster than food crops!

Algae can be grown in ocean water, so it does not deplete freshwater resources. It also does not require soil, and therefore does not reduce arable land that could potentially grow food crops. Although algae releases carbon dioxide when it is burned, it can be farmed and replenished as a living organism. As it is replenished, it releases oxygen, and absorbs pollutants and carbon emissions. Algae takes up much less space than other biofuel crops. The U.S. Department of Energy estimates that it would only take approximately 38,850 square kilometers (15,000 square miles, an area less than half the size of the U.S. state of Maine) to grow enough algae to replace all petroleum-fueled energy needs in the United States. Algae contains oils that can be converted to a biofuel. At the Aquaflow Bionomic Corporation in New Zealand, for example, algae is processed with heat and pressure. This creates a “ green crude ,” which has similar properties to crude oil, and can be used as a biofuel. Algae’s growth, photosynthesis, and energy production increases when carbon dioxide is bubbled through it. Algae is an excellent filter that absorbs carbon emissions. Bioenergy Ventures, a Scottish firm, has developed a system in which carbon emissions from a whiskey distillery are funneled to an algae pool. The algae flourishes with the additional carbon dioxide. When the algae die (after about a week) they are collected, and their lipids (oils) are converted into biofuel or fish food. Algae has enormous potential as an alternative energy source. However, processing it into usable forms is expensive. Although it is estimated to yield 10 to 100 times more fuel than other biofuel crops, in 2010 it cost $5,000 a ton. The cost will likely come down, but it is currently out of reach for most developing economies. People and Biomass Advantages Biomass is a clean, renewable energy source. Its initial energy comes from the sun, and plants or algae biomass can regrow in a relatively short amount of time. Trees, crops, and municipal solid waste are consistently available and can be managed sustainably. If trees and crops are sustainably farmed, they can offset carbon emissions when they absorb carbon dioxide through respiration. In some bioenergy processes, the amount of carbon that is reabsorbed even exceeds the carbon emissions that are released during fuel processing or usage. Many biomass feedstocks, such as switchgrass, can be harvested on marginal lands or pastures, where they do not compete with food crops. Unlike other renewable energy sources, such as wind or solar, biomass energy is stored within the organism, and can be harvested when it is needed. Disadvantages If biomass feedstocks are not replenished as quickly as they are used, they can become nonrenewable. A forest, for instance, can take hundreds of years to re-establish itself. This is still a much, much shorter time period than a fossil fuel such as peat. It can take 900 years for just a meter (three feet) of peat to replenish itself. Most biomass requires arable land to develop. This means that land used for biofuel crops such as corn and soybeans are unavailable to grow food or provide natural habitats. Forested areas that have matured for decades (so-called “ old-growth forests ”) are able to sequester more carbon than newly planted areas. Therefore, if forested areas are not sustainably cut, re-planted, and given time to grow and sequester carbon, the advantages of using the wood for fuel are not offset by the trees’ regrowth. Most biomass plants require fossil fuels to be economically efficient. An enormous plant under construction near Port Talbot, Wales, for instance, will require fossil fuels imported from North America, offsetting some of the sustainability of the enterprise . Biomass has a lower “energy density” than fossil fuels. As much as 50 percent of biomass is water, which is lost in the energy conversion process. Scientists and engineers estimate that it is not economically efficient to transport biomass more than 160 kilometers (100 miles) from where it is processed. However, converting biomass into pellets (as opposed to wood chips or larger briquettes) can increase the fuel’s energy density and make it more advantageous to ship. Burning biomass releases carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides, and other pollutants and particulates. If these pollutants are not captured and recycled, burning biomass can create smog and even exceed the number of pollutants released by fossil fuels.

Balancing Biomass The Union of Concerned Scientists helped develop A Balanced Definition of Renewable Biomass, which are practical and effective sustainability provisions that can provide a measure of assurance that woody biomass harvests will be sustainable.

Fowl Play The three million chickens of the enormous Beijing Deqingyuan chicken farm, outside Beijing, China, produce 220 tons of manure and 170 tons of wastewater each day. Using gasification technology from GE Energy, the farm is able to convert chicken manure into 14,600 megawatt-hours of electricity per year.

Green Energy in the Green Mountain State The first U.S. biomass gasification plant opened near Burlington, Vermont, in 1998. The Joseph C. McNeil Generating Station uses wood from low-quality trees and harvest residue, and produces about 50 megawatts of electricityalmost enough to sustain Vermont's largest city.

World's Top Biofuel Crops ( HowStuffWorks ) 1. switchgrass 2. wheat 3. sunflower 4. cottonseed oil 5. soy 6. jatropha 7. palm oil 8. sugarcane 9. canola 10. corn

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Biomass Energy, Its Advantages and Disadvantages Essay

Introduction, biomass energy, reference list.

A source of energy can be described as a system from which electricity can be extracted or generated. There are a number of sources of energy that are classified into either renewable or non-renewable energy. Non-renewable energy is characterized by the fact that once it is used, it cannot be regenerated easily (Richardson, 2006, p.3). On the contrary, renewable energy or rather the green energy sources can be regenerated and are thus considered to be unlimited. Each source of energy has its advantages, disadvantages, and economic benefits that make it applicable in a certain situation.

An example of a green energy source is biomass energy which has found its use and application in modern society because of its economic benefits. Biomass energy is a source of energy that involves the use of natural living matter such as plants and animals. The production involves the use of biodegradable materials such as municipal solid wastes to produce energy especially electricity which can be easily marketed. This is mainly done using thermal conversion, a characteristic of biosphere technology that makes it the most environmentally friendly system of generating energy.

This source of energy is substantially cheap, and therefore, it can be accessed by the majority of people who mainly use it before conversion into electricity (Richardson, 2006, p.5). Biomass energy can be used to replace most non-renewable energies such as petroleum products and the natural gas used for cooking. The latter sources of energy are not renewable and get depleted after use while at the same time polluting the environment. On the other hand, biomass energy is eco-friendly and can be recycled for a long time to generate energy. In addition to this, biomass can be a good substitute for paraffin and natural gas which are mostly used for cooking since it produces the same or even energy.

As stated, biomass energy is cheap and accessible to the majority of people. Production of biogas involves the use of biodegradable materials thus environmental effects from the wastes are not so intense (Perez, 2010, p. 1). The conversion of biomass to electricity is also cheap, and thus companies that engage in this activity incur fewer expenses. This is because biomass is a readily available raw material.

Disadvantages

Reckless use of biomass energy has environmental repercussions. The major repercussions of biomass production occur when the burning process is done incompletely resulting in production of large volumes of carbon dioxide which is the primary cause of global warming. From this discussion, biomass is most appropriately used in areas with low population densities.

Perez, D. (2010). Sources of Energy. Web.

Richardson, N. (2006). Energy Sources. Web.

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The Energy Grid

Biomass Energy

Biomass Energy: An In-Depth Exploration of Sources, Applications, Fuels, and Pros and Cons

Biomass energy, a renewable source derived from organic materials like wood, crops, agricultural waste, and municipal byproducts, takes center stage in this comprehensive examination. The article delves into the various types of biomass energy, their applications, the fuels used in biomass energy production, and the nuanced aspects of its advantages and disadvantages. Through meticulous management of biomass energy implementation, the aim is to maximize its benefits while minimizing adverse impacts.

Biomass energy represents a renewable energy form that taps into the chemical energy stored in organic materials. The article addresses the growing concerns regarding climate change and the imperative for sustainable energy sources, focusing on resources such as wood, crops, agricultural residue, and municipal waste.

Types of Biomass Energy

Biomass energy manifests in three primary categories: solid biomass, liquid biomass, and gaseous biomass.

Solid Biomass

Encompassing materials like wood, agricultural waste, and municipal solid waste, solid biomass can undergo direct combustion, co-firing with other fuels, or transformation into alternative fuel forms, such as pellets or briquettes.

Liquid Biomass

Involving biofuels like ethanol and biodiesel derived from crops like corn, soybeans, and sugarcane, liquid biomass can seamlessly blend with conventional fossil fuels or be employed independently as transportation fuels.

Gaseous Biomass

Gaseous biomass comprises biogas and syngas, produced through anaerobic digestion or gasification of organic materials like manure, sewage sludge, and landfill waste. Biogas typically consists of methane and carbon dioxide, while syngas comprises hydrogen, carbon monoxide, and a modest amount of methane.

Applications of Biomass Energy

Biomass energy finds applications across residential, commercial, and industrial sectors.

Residential Applications

In residential settings, biomass energy is harnessed for home heating and cooking, with wood and wood pellets serving as standard fuels for stoves and boilers as an alternative to traditional natural gas and oil sources.

Commercial Applications

Commercially, biomass energy is employed for heating buildings and generating electricity. Combined Heat and Power (CHP) systems leverage biomass to produce heat and electricity concurrently, enhancing overall energy efficiency concurrently.

Industrial Applications

Within the industrial sphere, biomass energy is utilized for steam generation, power production, and the creation of transportation fuels. Industries with substantial energy demands, such as pulp and paper mills, can leverage biomass as a fuel source for steam generation.

Fuels Used for Biomass Energy

The selection of biomass energy production fuels hinges on the biomass type and the chosen conversion method.

Solid Biomass Fuels

Solid biomass is typically combusted in boilers to generate steam, propelling turbines for electricity generation. Alternatively, solid biomass can be transformed into pellets or briquettes for residential or commercial heating applications.

Liquid Biomass Fuels

Ethanol and biodiesel are transportation fuels, independently or blended with conventional fossil fuels like gasoline and diesel.

Gaseous Biomass Fuels

Biogas and syngas can be harnessed for electricity generation, heating directly, or following additional processing, such as upgrading biogas to biomethane.

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Biomass Energy Advantages and Disadvantages

Biomass energy, a prominent renewable energy source, offers both advantages and disadvantages. While it promises sustainability and reduced greenhouse emissions, there are concerns about its efficiency and environmental impact. Read on to understand its role in the global energy mix.

Page Contents

What is Biomass Energy

Biomass energy, at its core, is the energy derived from organic materials. These materials, often referred to as “biomass,” can range from agricultural residues, wood, and even waste from plants and animals. When these organic materials undergo various processes, they can produce electricity, heat, or biofuel. Historically, humans have relied on biomass for energy long before the advent of modern electricity. Think of the simple act of burning wood in a fireplace; that’s a rudimentary form of harnessing biomass energy.

The Rise of Renewable Energy Solutions

In today’s context, the term “renewable energy” has become a buzzword, and for a good reason. As the world grapples with the adverse effects of climate change, there’s a pressing need to transition from fossil fuels to more sustainable energy sources. Biomass energy fits snugly into this narrative.

Unlike coal or oil, which takes millions of years to form, biomass is renewable because we can always grow more trees or crops. This cyclical nature makes it a promising candidate in the renewable energy sector. Moreover, as technology advances, the methods to extract and utilize this energy are becoming more efficient and environmentally friendly.

However, it’s essential to understand that while biomass energy is a part of the renewable energy family, it’s distinct from solar, wind, or hydroelectric power. Each of these sources has its unique advantages, challenges, and role to play in the broader energy landscape.

The Advantages of Biomass Energy

A renewable source of power.

Biomass energy stands out as a renewable energy source, primarily because its primary components, such as plants and organic waste, can be replenished within a human’s lifespan. Unlike fossil fuels, which take millions of years to form, biomass sources can be regenerated annually. This ensures a consistent and sustainable supply of energy, especially when managed responsibly.

Carbon Neutral Potential

One of the most significant advantages of biomass energy is its potential to be carbon neutral. When plants grow, they absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. When these plants are used for biomass energy, the carbon they absorbed is returned to the atmosphere. This cycle means that, in theory, biomass energy doesn’t add extra carbon dioxide to the environment, making it a cleaner alternative to fossil fuels.

Economic Growth and Job Creation

Biomass energy production can stimulate economic growth, especially in rural areas. By establishing biomass power plants and refineries, new job opportunities emerge, ranging from plant operations to transportation. Moreover, as the demand for renewable energy sources rises, so does the potential for biomass industries to flourish, further bolstering local economies.

Waste Management and Reduction

Biomass energy offers a practical solution to waste management. Organic waste, which might otherwise end up in landfills, can be converted into energy. This not only reduces the strain on waste disposal systems but also minimizes methane emissions from decomposing organic matter in landfills.

Energy Independence and Diversification

Relying on biomass energy can reduce a country’s dependence on imported fossil fuels. By harnessing locally available resources, nations can produce their own energy, leading to greater energy security. Additionally, diversifying energy sources ensures that a country isn’t overly reliant on a single energy form, providing a buffer against market fluctuations and supply disruptions.

The Disadvantages of Biomass Energy

Initial investment and infrastructure.

While biomass energy holds promise, setting up the necessary infrastructure can be costly. Establishing biomass power plants, especially on a large scale, requires significant capital. Additionally, the technology for efficient biomass energy extraction is still evolving, which means early adopters might face higher costs until the technology becomes more mainstream.

Land and Water Resource Concerns

Biomass energy production, especially when derived from crops, can put a strain on land and water resources. Large tracts of land are needed to cultivate energy crops, which could compete with land for food production. Moreover, these crops often require substantial amounts of water, potentially leading to water scarcity in certain regions.

Potential for Deforestation

While biomass energy can be produced from waste materials, there’s a growing concern about using wood from forests as a primary source. This can lead to deforestation, which not only destroys habitats but also reduces the number of trees available to absorb carbon dioxide, negating some of the environmental benefits of biomass energy.

Energy Production Efficiency

Compared to other renewable energy sources, biomass energy is less efficient. The process of converting organic material into usable energy consumes a significant portion of the energy produced. This means that more resources are needed to produce the same amount of energy as other, more efficient, renewable sources.

Competition with Food Resources

There’s a potential conflict between growing crops for biomass energy and growing crops for food. As the demand for biomass energy increases, there’s a risk that it could drive up food prices or lead to food shortages in certain areas. This competition for resources could have far-reaching socio-economic implications, especially in regions already facing food security challenges.

Biomass Energy in Comparison

Biomass vs. solar power.

Biomass and solar energy are both hailed as sustainable energy sources, but they operate on different principles. Solar energy harnesses the power of the sun, converting sunlight directly into electricity. It’s clean, abundant, and requires minimal maintenance once solar panels are installed. Biomass, on the other hand, relies on organic materials, converting them into energy through combustion or biochemical processes. While solar energy’s efficiency can be affected by weather and daylight hours, biomass can be produced and used continuously, provided there’s a steady supply of organic material.

Biomass vs. Wind Energy

Wind energy captures the kinetic energy of wind to turn turbines and generate electricity. It’s a clean energy source with no emissions during operation. Biomass, while renewable, does produce emissions when the organic material is burned, though these can be offset by the carbon absorbed during the growth of the plants. Wind energy’s main challenge is its unpredictability, as it relies on consistent wind speeds. Biomass offers a more consistent energy output but requires a continuous supply of organic materials.

Biomass vs. Hydro Power

Hydroelectric power, generated by the movement of water, is one of the oldest forms of renewable energy. Dams store water in a reservoir; when released, this water flows through turbines to produce electricity. Biomass doesn’t rely on natural phenomena like water flow, but on the availability of organic materials. While hydroelectric power can be affected by seasonal changes in water availability, biomass energy can be produced as long as there’s a steady supply of organic material.

Biomass vs. Fossil Fuels

Fossil fuels, including coal, oil, and natural gas, have been the dominant energy sources for over a century. They’re abundant and have powered the industrial revolution and modern civilization. However, their environmental impact, from extraction to combustion, is significant. Biomass offers a renewable alternative, with the potential to be carbon neutral. While burning biomass releases carbon dioxide, the plants used absorb the same amount of carbon during their growth, potentially balancing out emissions. Transitioning from fossil fuels to biomass could reduce greenhouse gas emissions and our carbon footprint.

Real-world Applications and Case Studies

Biomass energy in europe.

Europe has been at the forefront of renewable energy adoption, and biomass energy is no exception. Countries like Sweden, Finland, and Denmark have integrated biomass energy into their national energy grids. In Sweden, for instance, biomass accounts for a significant portion of the country’s total energy consumption. The country has successfully transitioned from oil to biomass for district heating, reducing its carbon footprint and bolstering its energy security.

Developing Nations and Biomass Potential

In many developing nations, biomass energy offers a sustainable solution to meet growing energy demands. Countries in Africa and Southeast Asia, with abundant agricultural residues, are turning to biomass as a primary energy source. In India, for example, rice husks and bagasse (sugarcane residue) are being used to produce electricity. These initiatives not only provide a cleaner energy source but also create jobs and reduce waste.

Success Stories – Countries Making the Shift

• Brazil : Known for its biofuel production , Brazil has also made significant strides in biomass energy. Using sugarcane bagasse, the country produces electricity which is then fed into the national grid. This approach has reduced greenhouse gas emissions and made Brazil a global leader in renewable energy.
• Germany : As part of its Energiewende or “energy transition”, Germany has invested heavily in biomass energy. Small-scale biogas plants, powered by agricultural waste, are a common sight in the German countryside. These plants not only produce electricity but also heat, which is used for district heating.
• Philippines : The Philippines, an archipelago with abundant agricultural resources, has tapped into biomass energy to reduce its reliance on imported fossil fuels . Coconut shells, rice husks, and other agricultural residues are being used to produce electricity, providing a sustainable and local energy source.

In each of these countries, the shift to biomass energy has been driven by a combination of environmental concerns, economic opportunities, and energy security. The success stories serve as a testament to the potential of biomass energy when implemented with a clear vision and strategy.

The Future Outlook of Biomass Energy

Technological innovations on the horizon.

The realm of biomass energy is not static. As with many sectors, technology plays a pivotal role in shaping its future. Researchers are delving into advanced methods to convert biomass into energy more efficiently. For instance, innovations in gasification processes are making it possible to extract more energy from the same amount of biomass. Additionally, the development of bio-refineries, which can produce both fuel and electricity from biomass, is a promising avenue that could redefine how we harness energy from organic materials.

Policy Changes and Global Agreements

The global push towards sustainable energy solutions has led to a series of policy changes and international agreements. These agreements, such as the Paris Agreement, emphasize the need to reduce carbon emissions and promote renewable energy sources, including biomass. Countries are now offering incentives, grants, and tax breaks to industries that adopt biomass energy, ensuring its growth in the coming years. Moreover, international collaborations are fostering research and sharing of best practices, further propelling the biomass energy sector.

Challenges and Roadblocks Ahead

While the future of biomass energy looks promising, it’s not without challenges. The competition for raw materials, especially in regions where agriculture is the primary source of livelihood, can lead to price volatility. There’s also the challenge of setting up robust supply chains to ensure consistent availability of biomass for energy production. Environmental concerns, especially related to deforestation and water usage, need to be addressed with stringent regulations and sustainable practices. Lastly, while technology advancements hold promise, they also require significant investments in research and development.

The future of biomass energy is a blend of opportunities and challenges. With the right mix of technology, policy, and sustainable practices, biomass energy can play a significant role in the global energy matrix, offering a cleaner and renewable alternative to fossil fuels.

Weighing the Benefits and Drawbacks

Biomass energy, like all energy sources, comes with its own set of advantages and disadvantages. On the positive side, it offers a renewable source of power, potential for carbon neutrality, and opportunities for economic growth. It can also play a pivotal role in waste management and help nations achieve energy independence.

However, it’s essential to recognize the challenges. The initial investment, concerns over land and water resources, potential for deforestation, and competition with food resources are all valid concerns that need addressing.

Making Informed Energy Choices for the Future

As the global community continues its pursuit of sustainable energy solutions, biomass energy remains a viable contender. But for it to be genuinely sustainable, it’s crucial to adopt best practices, invest in technological innovations, and ensure that policies support responsible production and consumption.

In the end, the goal is clear, a future where energy is not just abundant, but also clean, sustainable, and beneficial for all. Biomass energy, when managed correctly, can be a significant step towards achieving that vision.

FAQs – Frequently Asked Questions

What is biomass energy.

Biomass energy is derived from organic materials, such as plants and animals. It's considered renewable because these materials can be replenished naturally.

What are the primary advantages of biomass energy?

Biomass energy is renewable, can reduce dependency on fossil fuels, helps in waste management, and can lead to job creation in rural areas.

Are there any environmental benefits to using biomass energy?

Yes, biomass energy is often considered carbon neutral because the carbon dioxide it releases when burned is offset by the carbon dioxide absorbed by plants during their growth.

How does biomass energy contribute to economic growth?

Biomass energy can lead to job creation in farming, transportation, and energy production sectors, especially in rural areas.

What are the main sources of biomass energy?

Common sources include wood, agricultural residues, animal manure, and organic waste from industries.

What are the primary disadvantages of biomass energy?

Biomass energy can require significant land and water resources, may lead to deforestation, and its energy production efficiency can be lower than other renewable sources.

Is there a risk of biomass energy competing with food resources?

Yes, if agricultural land is used for biomass production instead of food crops, it can lead to competition with food resources.

How does the cost of biomass energy compare to other energy sources?

The cost can vary, but initial investments for biomass energy infrastructure can be high. However, operational costs might be competitive with certain fossil fuels in the long run.

Can biomass energy meet global energy demands?

While biomass energy can contribute significantly, it's unlikely to meet the entire global demand alone. It's best used in conjunction with other renewable sources.

What's the future outlook for biomass energy?

With technological advancements and increased focus on sustainable energy, biomass energy has the potential to play a more prominent role in the global energy mix.

EIA – Biomass Explained

NREL – Biomass Energy Basics

IEA – Bioenergy

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Biomass Energy Advantages and Disadvantages

Biomass is everywhere. It is the easiest and most available source of energy for those without access to an electrical grid or other sources of energy. Food, waste products, firewood: all of these are sources of biomass energy.

For many people in the world this is the only option for producing energy and therefore worth learning more about the opportunities and challenges biomass presents socially, economically, and environmentally.

What is biomass energy and how is biomass energy used?

Biomass energy is any natural organic matter that can be burned directly or converted to other forms of fuel and is used often for lighting, cooking and heating. It can also be defined as energy that is produced from plants and animal-based organic materials, such as crops, woody materials, and animal manure.

It is a large source of energy in many rural parts of the world where access to an electrical grid or other energy sources are limited and biomass feedstocks are abundant.

As humanity searches for solutions to our energy challenges, it is likely that biomass energy will play an increasing role in transitioning toward a fossil fuel-free energy future .

However, as with every other energy resource, there are advantages and disadvantages to the production and use of biomass energy .

The most common types of biomass energy fuels

The most commonly used raw material inputs for biomass energy production are agricultural byproducts such as fuelwood, crop residues, or human and animal waste products.

Trees are the largest biomass feedstock, where fuelwood is often easily accessible. Dried dung from livestock is also a common source of energy used throughout the developing world.

Advantages of biomass energy

#1 abundant and renewable source of energy.

Biomass is the cheapest and most available energy resource, and is the main source of energy for the world’s lowest socioeconomic groups. Biomass is a byproduct of living organisms, and as such, is a truly renewable resource for energy .

Biomass can be an output from waste residues, providing an opportunity for upcycling the waste material for energy production.

As opposed to the highly technical renewable energy production of wind and solar energy, a major benefit of using biomass as an energy source is that it can be easily sourced and stored (for instance wood and dried waste products).

Biomass is an endless source of renewable energy and can produce value-added products such as biofuel and biogas. Heat and electricity can also be generated through the conversion of biomass energy.

#2 Biomass can help with waste management in addition to energy production

Biomass energy production can reduce the need for landfills in communities and reduce overall methane emissions.

When municipal solid waste is used to produce energy instead of storing that waste in landfills (also known as “waste-to-energy” ), it reduces the requirements for landfill space and eliminates the potential for toxic landfill leaks.

By reducing the need for additional landfills, also eliminate the methane gas (a potent greenhouse gas) that would have been emitted by those landfills.

Large amounts of organic waste and agricultural residues are created every day. Waste from livestock and unwanted surplus of crop residues can be converted into usable energy. This presents a great opportunity to assist low-income populations to have energy security.

#3 Biomass can be generated from local sources

Biomass energy can be produced domestically, reducing the need to rely upon imported foreign oil.

Local energy production reduces the amount of transport and therefore decreases the prevalence of a society dependent on fossil fuels from transport. This in addition to the lower emissions of biomass compared to conventional fossil fuels.

#4 Biomass can offset emissions from fossil fuels

Although some carbon emissions are released as the biomass energy is burned, biomass energy feedstocks* such as switchgrass and algae capture carbon dioxide during their growth cycles, making them potentially carbon neutral sources of fuel. In contrast, fossil fuels never capture carbon emissions, but instead release carbon when burned.

Biomass can be used instead of fossil fuels which helps reduce overall carbon emissions.

Biodiesel is derived from biomass, which can be used to power vehicles and helps reduce emissions from transportation.

#5 Variety of organic sources

Unlike fossil fuels, biomass can be used to produce fuel from a variety of organic sources that are widely available. Examples of biomass that can be used to produce fuel include corn, soy, switchgrass and other native prairie grasses, industrial hemp**, algae, solid waste, wood chips, animal manure, sewage, and mulch.

Disadvantages of biomass energy

#1 health hazards.

Biomass can be harmful to human health if combusted in enclosed space, such as a domicile for cooking. Such is the case in a home without proper ventilation, where airborne toxins from the burning particulate matter produce health risks.

Biomass from livestock excrement, which often contains harmful bacteria, can be detrimental to the ecosystem and human health. During a heavy rainfall event, the waste material will runoff into nearby waterways which many people use for drinking and bathing.

This exposure can lead to an assortment of illnesses like gastrointestinal diseases and developmental problems such as stunted growth in children.

#2 Decline in sustainable behavior

In the case of waste-to-energy, the development of permanent processing facilities in particular communities might discourage overall recycling participation rates or the development of other forms of clean energy, such as wind and solar energy .

#3 Energy use

Some biomass feedstocks, such as corn and soybeans, require large amounts of energy to grow and process. This results in very little to no net gain in energy resources. These biomass feedstocks also require energy to transport to where they will be processed and made into fuel.

#4 Deforestation

The use of trees as a biomass energy feedstock can lead to widespread deforestation. This is particularly concerning, as the need for forests and their important role in carbon sequestration in a world of climate change cannot be understated. We need to be be planting forests, not cutting them down for fuel.

Land use change from deforestation produces large amounts of greenhouse gas emissions and can present dangers for human safety where trees provide important protection from natural events like flooding (via water retention) and landslides (holding soils in place).

Deforestation is one of the leading causes of increased greenhouse gas emissions and also produces runoff that acidifies waterways and causes harmful algal blooms that destroys aquatic ecosystems.

#5 Use of arable land

The production of some biomass energy crops requires arable land that could otherwise be used for food production. In a world with increasing natural resource scarcities of food, water, and other basic human necessities, the use of our world’s suitable arable land and other natural resources may need to be dedicated to producing sufficient food to feed a hungry human population.

#6 Source of emissions and air pollution

Although biomass is capable of producing 10 times more energy than renewables such as solar or wind (due to availability), biomass can also emit some of the highest levels of greenhouse gases. For instance: gases like methane, nitrous oxide, and carbon-dioxide are released into the atmosphere during biomass production.

Large scale production if drawn from sources like cow dung can also produce excessive amounts of methane a greenhouse gas 4 times more concentrated than.

The removal of material with high quantities of methane, such as peat deposits, also releases vast amounts of the greenhouse gas.

Some biomass energy resources can also release air pollutants when burned, such as nitrous oxide, soot, ash and carbon monoxide.

#7 Unpredictability and seasonability

Biomass harvest can be unpredictable: The accumulation, harvesting and storage of raw biomass materials is quite lengthy and sometimes expensive compared to that of fossil fuels.

What’s more some biomass energy feedstocks are seasonal.

Safely harnessing biomass energy has the capacity to drastically improve energy resources for those far from an electrical grid.

Smart agroforestry practices can help ensure economic and energy security while protecting important natural resources.

Technologies continue to develop that will expand capture opportunities and improve the efficiency of utilizing biomass as a renewable energy resource. This will also allow for the transition out of economies that depend on fossil fuels.

The use of biomass as an energy resource is sure to become more prominent, however, the advantages and disadvantages, and therefore, the sustainability, of biomass energy are largely dependent upon which type of biomass is being utilized .

The biomass feedstocks that we choose to rely upon should not compete with food production, should work in concert with the restoration of forests and other natural ecosystems, and should not place an unsustainable demand on natural resources.   * “A feedstock is defined as any renewable, biological material that can be used directly as a fuel, or converted to another form of fuel or energy product.” – U.S. Department of Energy ** Where permissible.

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Greentumble was founded in the summer of 2015 by us, Sara and Ovi . We are a couple of environmentalists who seek inspiration for life in simple values based on our love for nature. Our goal is to inspire people to change their attitudes and behaviors toward a more sustainable life. Read more about us .

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Biomass Energy Advantages And Disadvantages (Pros & Cons)

August 23, 2022

Graham Sawrey

As the various issues caused by our use of fossil fuels come to light, more is being done to find suitable alternatives.

While the affordability of solar power, pros of wind energy , and similar renewable resources are big news, there are other fuel sources out there that also have great potential.

Many consider biomass energy to be in that latter category. As a carbon-neutral fuel source, it cancels out many of the climate change issues associated with fossil fuels, plus it has other advantages besides.

On the surface, it appears to offer the perfect solution to a lot of the issues caused by our use of non-renewable energy sources.

This raises the question of why biomass energy hasn’t been adopted on a wider scale.

Advantages and Disadvantages of Biomass Energy

Biomass energy struggles to gain widespread adoption because of the intricacies of producing biomass affordably on a large scale.

It’s better thought of as a tool in the renewable energy toolbox.

What Is Biomass?

Biomass is organic matter that is turned into fuel to create energy. Biomass can be corn that is made into ethanol. It can be trees that are chipped to feed fires at a power plant.

There are many sources of biomass, but the common thread is the renewable nature of the material being used for energy. Things like oat straw replenish yearly. Other things like trees take decades to replenish.

How Does Biomass Energy Work?

That depends on the type of biomass. Biomass energy usage is the oldest type of energy harvesting humans have used, starting with burning wood and weeds.

In developing countries, animal waste is burned to generate heat for cooking and home heating . This is done on a large scale in certain areas to generate electricity .

Other things can be burned too like the methane gas released from waste digesters and landfills. This is a type of biofuel because it is derived from living or once-living organisms.

Agricultural waste like sugarcane stalks, cereal crop straw, wood waste from factories and lumber companies, logging waste, and yard waste can all be burned to generate heat and electrical energy.

The negative is increased particulate pollution and greenhouse gas release , but the benefit is a reduction in waste volume and a reclamation of stored energy in the biomass.

How Does a Biomass Power Plant Work?

Biomass power plants run on different fuels depending on where they’re located . Some burn municipal waste or crop waste while others burn wood harvested from forests.

The method of energy generation is the same for all types of biofuels.

• The biofuel undergoes preparation for burning
• The biofuel is burned to generate heat to heat water
• The water turns into steam which rises
• The rising steam turns generator turbines
• The turbines convert the energy into electricity

In this way, it is the same as any other type of electrical generation plant that burns fuel to heat water.

Even nuclear power plants produce clean electricity using fuel to generate steam that spins turbines.

Advantages of Biomass Energy

• Biomass is Renewable
• Carbon Neutrality
• Less Dependency On Fossil Fuels
• It Is Versatile
• High Availability
• Low Cost In Comparison To Fossil Fuels
• It Reduces Waste
• Domestic Production

Biomass energy has been used in various forms long before people really spoke about energy efficiency and renewable energy sources.

This would not have been the case if this form of energy did not have its advantages. The availability of biomass fuels has always been a major reason for their use, but there are many more besides.

As the march continues toward finding alternatives to fossil fuels, biomass energy has gained prominence as a frontrunner and a good replacement.

These are the reasons why.

1. Biomass Is Renewable

Is biomass renewable? Renewable energy sources are those that can be replenished after use.

As a lot of biomass fuels – such as wood and plant life – can be regrown, it is a truly renewable source. Some biomass sources are waste materials from crops like sugar, corn, oats, and other food crops.

As long as efforts are made to maintain the resources used for biomass energy through dedicated replanting and replenishment, it is a fuel source that has the potential to far outlast traditional fossil fuels.

The key difference between this and other renewable energy sources, such as the sun and wind, is the need for maintenance .

While plant life is abundant, using it without making efforts to replenish stocks can lead to large amounts of it still being wasted, as we see with deforestation .

2. Carbon Neutrality

The amount of carbon that is released into the atmosphere is a major contributor to climate change. Biomass reduces this because the fuel is a natural part of the carbon cycle, unlike oil and other fossil fuels.

The only carbon that is released into the atmosphere from biomass fuels is what was absorbed by the plants during their lifecycles .

As these plants are replenished, the new ones then absorb the same amount of carbon again, creating neutrality that sees no new carbon created .

This makes biomass fuels exceptionally clean.

Read More: Is Carbon Sequestration Effective ? Here’s how carbon sequestration could combat global warming.

3. Less Dependency on Fossil Fuels

The more we use biomass energy, the less we need to depend on the fossil fuels that are major contributors to climate change and other environmental issues.

The abundance of biomass materials available also far outweighs that of fossil fuels, making it a more readily available fuel source.

Better yet, if non-renewable materials, such as oil, aren’t being used for fuel, the limited supplies that we have can be used elsewhere.

4. It Is Versatile

Biomass energy is also amongst the most versatile alternatives available. It can be converted into many different fuel sources, each of which has varied applications.

For example, biomass can be processed to create biodiesel for vehicles, but it can also be used to farm methane gas and a range of other biofuels.

Furthermore, wood can be used to generate heat, while the steam produced by some forms of biomass can also power turbines to create energy .

5. High Availability

Biomass fuels are abundant. Much like the sun and wind, they can be found practically anywhere on the planet.

This abundance means that we will not run into the issues that we currently have with fossil fuels when it comes to availability.

However, it is also crucial that this abundance is maintained.

While biomass fuels will always be available because they are part of the natural lifecycle of the planet , this should not lead to irresponsibility in their use.

6. Low Cost in Comparison To Fossil Fuels

In comparison to drilling for oil or creating gas pipelines, the costs involved in collecting biomass fuels are extremely low.

This low cost can also be passed onto consumers, whose energy bills can then no longer be dependent on issues like availability and the decisions of the companies that supply energy.

These low costs also make biomass more attractive to producers, as they can enjoy higher profits for less output.

7. It Reduces Waste

A lot of the waste that we produce is biodegradable and plant matter, which could be put to more efficient use elsewhere.

Biomass energy is often able to make use of the waste that sits in landfills.

This reduces the effects that such sites have on the natural environment, which are particularly pronounced in regards to contaminating local habitats and damaging wildlife.

This reduction in waste also opens up more areas for humans to live in, as less space is needed to create landfills.

8. Domestic Production

Biomass fuel can also take the control of energy production out of the hands of larger companies. This means that people no longer need to be beholden to power companies and their charges.

The nature of biomass means that practically anybody could produce and use it on a domestic level.

While this does take some work, even something as simple as burning wood instead of using a central heating system can save money and have a more beneficial effect on the environment.

Disadvantages of Biomass Energy

• It’s Not Completely Clean
• High Costs In Comparison To Other Alternatives
• Possible Deforestation
• Production Requires Space
• It Requires Water
• It Has Inefficiencies
• It’s Under Development

While the advantages of biomass are numerous, it is not a perfect energy source.

As with all sources, the disadvantages must also be considered . This is crucial if they are to be confronted properly in order to allow biomass energy to work for the people who need it.

Some of these disadvantages are related directly to the use of the fuel, whereas others are indirect consequences of its production or application.

All are important to keep in mind to have the complete picture in terms of the usefulness of biomass energy.

1. It’s Not Completely Clean

While biomass is a carbon-neutral fuel source, it is not completely clean .

Burning wood and other plant life does create other emissions in addition to carbon . These can pollute the local environment, even if the effects are not as drastic as they may be from fossil fuels.

Some organizations, such as the Partnership for Policy Integration , point to biomass fuels as air polluters.

When compared to other renewables, such as wind and solar, this lack of clean emissions is a major disadvantage .

2. High Costs In Comparison To Other Alternatives

While the cost of extracting biomass fuels is lower than most types of fossil fuels, they still generally exceed those of many other forms of renewable energy.

In some cases, biomass projects are considered not to be worth the price of completion, especially when solar, water, and wind alternatives are available.

This cost comes from the need for biomass resources to be maintained , and for extracted biomass to be replanted .

Furthermore, the cost of the machinery used in extraction is also a factor, as is the transportation of the biomass.

3. Possible Deforestation

Though biomass fuels are renewable, they also need to be maintained. Failure to do this has been shown to lead to widespread deforestation and increased carbon emissions .

Many biomass power plants are simply chipping up trees to burn to generate steam that turns electrical turbines. These plants can decimate forests quickly to create the biomass they need to run.

This is a major environmental issue. It massively cuts down on the habitable areas available to scores of species of wildlife, leading to extinctions.

This is a major factor that holds back the use of biomass fuels on a large scale, as replanting efforts may not be able to keep up with the amount of fuel needed.

It takes less than a day to cut a tree down and strip it, but decades to replace it with a new one.

4. Biomass Production Requires Space

A large amount of space is needed to grow the materials that are used in biomass energy. This space is not always going to be available, particularly in built-up areas, like cities.

This also limits the areas where biomass energy power plants can be built, as they need to be close to the sources of the fuel to cut down on transportation and other costs.

This makes them less favorable when compared to solar power, which requires less space and is installable in cities and other populated areas.

Finally, the land used could also have been used to grow crops , which is particularly important to feed all the people living on this planet.

5. It Requires Water

An often unseen disadvantage of biomass energy is the amount of water needed in production . All plants need water to live, which means sources must be available at all times.

Not only does this lead to increased costs in terms of irrigation, but it may result in water sources becoming less available to people and wildlife.

Furthermore, with water itself being an alternative form of energy, which is also far cleaner than biomass energy, it raises the question of why the water isn’t used for that purpose instead.

Finally, because biomass crops are not regulated like food crops the watershed can be more contaminated with chemicals due to biomass production .

6. It Has Inefficiencies

While biomass fuels are natural, they are also not as efficient as processed fossil fuels, like petroleum and gasoline.

In fact, biodiesel and comparable biofuels are often combined with small amounts of fossil fuels so that they will work in internal combustion engines.

This, in turn, reduces these biofuels’ effectiveness as a means to cut down on the use of fossil fuel resources.

7. It’s Under Development

More needs to be done to harness the potential that biomass energy has. However, it is held back as an alternative fuel source by many of the disadvantages mentioned here.

When compared to the likes of solar and water sources, biomass is inefficient and under-researched.

In fact, scientists are still working on ways to make it more efficient. Until that barrier is crossed, it is unlikely that biomass energy will be adopted as a viable alternative fuel source on a wide scale.

Read More: What Are Some Alternatives to Fossil Fuels ? We go over the most promising alternatives to fossil fuels for transportation.

Final Thoughts

The potential of biomass energy is there for all to see. It is a carbon-neutral fuel source that offers lower costs than fossil fuels, while also being extremely diverse.

However, there are many issues that are holding it back from wider adoption.

In particular, more needs to be done to solve the issue of efficiency as fuel , plus issues like space and cost need to be considered.

Until this happens, it is unlikely that biomass energy will become a viable alternative for fossil fuels, though this does not mean that it doesn’t have its uses.

In particular, the use of biomass energy on a domestic and local level can lead to a reduction in energy bills.

Do you have any opinions about biomass energy and its potential future ? Please let us know in the comments section below or share this article on social media to start a conversation.

• http://usabiomass.org/
• http://www.forestry.gov.uk/fr/bec
• http://www.energysavingtrust.org.uk/renewable-energy/heat/biomass
• https://ypte.org.uk/factsheets/renewable-energy-biomass-energy/introduction

Featured Image Credit: Idaho National Laboratory @ Flickr

The Advantages and Disadvantages of Biomass Energy

✔ Biomass energy converts organic material, such as plants, wood and waste, into energy 

✔ It’s versatile, readily available and carbon neutral 

✔ However, it can still have a negative impact on the environment 

Biomass energy is our oldest source of energy. Ever since humans first discovered fire, we have been using it to cook food, create warmth and bring light.

Created from organic material, primarily plants, wood and waste, biomass can either be harvested directly, or as a byproduct of activities such as farming, sewage and household waste.

It’s hard to know exactly how much biomass energy is being used around the world, but the global biomass electricity market was believed to be worth a whopping £32.6 billion in 2022 (Business Wire, 2023).

Biomass can be burned directly , for example as firewood, or it can be converted into fuels, such as bioethanol and ethanol , which are used in a similar way to petrol, and biogas, which is made up of methane and carbon dioxide.

In this guide, we’ll explore the pros and cons of using biomass energy.

What's on this page?

• 01 The pros and cons of biomass energy
• 02 The 5 advantages of biomass energy
• 03 The 5 disadvantages of biomass energy

The pros and cons of biomass energy

If you’ve already done your research, you’ll have seen that biomass energy can be a bit of a hot topic – while some people see it as a good alternative to fossil fuels, others point out that it still generates carbon dioxide (CO2).

Check out the table below to get a better overview of the advantages and disadvantages of biomass energy.

• It’s renewable and easily accessible
• It helps us become less reliant on fossil fuels
• It’s cheaper than fossil fuels
• It reuses waste and reduces landfill
• It’s carbon neutral (according to some)
• It may not be as green as it sounds
• It’s not as efficient as fossil fuels
• It can cause deforestation
• It can impact on food production
• It can be expensive to make

The 5 advantages of biomass energy

There are plenty of reasons why it makes sense to use biomass energy to support all areas of energy requirements.

1. It’s renewable and easily accessible

While fossil fuels are finite, the breadth of core organic materials used in biomass is so great that there is little danger we are going to run out of it : some crops are grown specially, but it’s also frequently a lucrative byproduct of industries such as farming, and even the waste we create.

It’s also pretty accessible (especially in the case of firewood), free of charge, doesn’t require processing, and avoids dependence on external providers or imports.

2. It helps us become less reliant on fossil fuels

Biomass is a very flexible source of energy – it can be burned directly, or converted into fuels and electricity.

It can be used in similar ways to fossil fuels, such as diesel and petroleum, and it can also be co-fired with a fossil fuel, and is often used alongside coal in coal plants.

This means that it’s a strong candidate for reducing our reliance on fossil fuels .

3. It’s cheaper than fossil fuels

Fossil fuels rely on expensive and often very complicated methods to extract and transport gas and oil from the ground.

Creating biomass energy, by contrast, is cheaper, even if grown as a crop. And, because much of it can be created from waste products such as farming waste and landfill, it can be a lucrative side product.

The improved technology also helps to make the production of biomass energy more efficient.

4. It reuses waste and reduces landfill

Waste-to-energy plants enable biomass to be converted into energy. Estimates of how much landfill might be reduced vary, but some believe it could be up to 90% .

Not only does burning landfill generate energy, but it reduces the amount of methane and carbon dioxide that can be generated by leaving waste to rot.

There are financial savings too – with burning waste reducing the cost of finding suitable land, as well as transporting and disposing of the waste.

5. It’s carbon neutral (according to some)

Biomass energy’s carbon neutral status is the matter of some debate. Those who believe that biomass energy is carbon neutral generally base their arguments on a process known as carbon balancing.

There are two forms of biomass: primary, and secondary. Primary comes from plants, and secondary comes from processing those plants. And, thanks to photosynthesis, plants are constantly converting carbon dioxide into oxygen.

The argument for carbon balancing is that the biomass burned can only create the same amount of carbon dioxide that’s been absorbed by the plants during their lifetime , and so when they are burned, no new carbon dioxide has been created.

Find out more about this on our page: Biomass Boilers: An Alternative to Gas Boilers?

But biomass may not be as green as it sounds (see below).

The 5 disadvantages of biomass energy

Unfortunately, the use of biomass energy isn’t always straightforward, and can have unexpected implications, particularly in terms of the environment and food production.

1. It may not be as green as it sounds

Burning biomass energy can cause numerous environmental issues. Burning wood , for example, creates pollutants that are comparable to coal, and indoor air pollution from burning it indoors can be particularly dangerous.

Similar to fossil fuels, biomass releases carbon dioxide when burned. Additionally, burning waste can lead to a significant rise in methane, which is believed to have 80 times the warming power of carbon dioxide .

2. It’s not as efficient as fossil fuels

Compared to fossil fuels, biofuels like Ethanol are considerably less efficient, and often need to be mixed with fossil fuels such as petrol, diesel or coal to increase effectiveness.

The lack of efficiency limits biomass energy being used at scale.

3. It can cause deforestation

One of the lead materials in biomass energy is wood, in part because of how easily available it is to people. However, while wood is a renewable resource, there are places where supply outstrips demand, either due to community needs, the use of biomass power plants, or because land use changes to grow biofuel crops such as palm oil.

Indonesia , for example, can claim both to be the third largest producer of biofuels in the world, and also in the top three countries for deforestation – largely linked to palm oil plantations.

While this can be partly mitigated by replanting trees , the removal of trees takes a heavy toll on the quality of the land, as well as destroying ecosystems that have supported valuable biodiversity.

Removing trees also has an impact on CO2: it can take 10-40 years for a new tree to match the absorption power of a mature one.

4. It can impact on food production

Some people argue that it is morally wrong to grow biofuel crops in areas that could be used for growing food or sustaining wildlife. There is a concern that the large areas of land required to grow crops to facilitate biomass energy at scale could impact on food prices and availability.

Monocultures can also decrease biodiversity and have an adverse impact on the quality of the ongoing nutrients in the soil.

5. It can be expensive to make

While generally cheaper, easier and safer to access and develop than fossil fuels, the process of growing biomass energy as a crop requires the cultivation of large areas of land, which can be both time consuming and expensive.

In the USA, the world’s largest producer of biofuel, this amounts to 60 million acres of farmland , or close to 25% of all planted land.

Biomass energy is a renewable and easily accessible source of energy based on organic materials that has been used for centuries. Relatively cheap and carbon neutral, it can be a useful way both to make use of waste and transition away from our dependency on fossil fuels.

However, biomass energy doesn’t come without drawbacks, including carbon dioxide and methane emissions. It has a potentially negative impact on land management and environmental health, causing both deforestation and a loss of biodiversity. It is also currently more expensive than other renewables, such as wind and solar.

What are 5 advantages of biomass?

What is a disadvantage of using biomass energy, what is the advantage of biomass, written by:.

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Advantages and Disadvantages of Biomass: What you Should Know

Biomass is often touted as a renewable, carbon-neutral alternative to fossil fuels. But could biofuels be just as bad as oil and coal?

Green Coast is supported by its readers. We may earn an affiliate commission at no extra cost to you if you buy through a link on this page . Learn more .

As we rapidly run out of fossil fuels, people are looking for renewable sources of energy, with some arguing that biomass is the solution. Before taking a closer look at the advantages and disadvantages of biomass, let’s start by discussing this type of material and how it can be used for fuel.

What is biomass?

Biomass is any kind of organic plant or animal matter. Indirectly, it’s a way of harnessing the sun’s energy – plants convert solar energy into organic material through photosynthesis, which we can then use as fuel.

Humans have used biomass as a form of energy since the earliest days of our evolution, when we started to burn wood for warmth and cooking purposes. Wood remains one of the most common types of biomass used to generate electricity today.

Types of biomass include:

• Wood products, including black liquor from paper manufacture
• Crops such as corn, sugar beet, and sugarcane, crop residues, and food processing waste
• Manure and human sewage
• Solid waste from landfill, such as paper, wool, cotton, and food waste

Biomass can be transformed into liquid, solid, or gaseous fuels, collectively called bioenergy, through a range of chemical or biological conversions. The biomass itself can also be converted into energy, such as through combustion, or by producing steam that is used to generate electricity.

Although there are some advantages of biomass, and it is a renewable source of energy, there are also a range of concerns associated with biofuels , from deforestation and habitat destruction caused through raw material production to the carbon and pollutants produced by converting and using the fuels. We’ll go over these concerns in more detail later.

How to convert biomass into energy

In order to use biomass as a fuel, it needs to be converted into energy. There are a range of ways to do this, from simple processes to more involved, complex ones.

Combustion is one of the simplest and most common ways to use biomass as fuel. Simply put, it involves burning organic matter to create energy.

This includes not only burning wood for heat, but also more sophisticated processes such as converting biomass to alcohol through fermentation and then burning this in a combustion engine.

In all cases, combustion involves exposing organic matter to heat in the presence of oxygen. The heat produced can be the end goal, or it may be used to create steam to turn turbines to generate electricity.

Pyrolysis is another way to break down organic material to generate energy. In this process, the biomass is exposed to high temperatures without any oxygen present.

This means that, rather than combusting, the organic material breaks down into either a gas, liquid bio-oil, or solid biochar, all of which can be used as fuel.

Gasification

Gasification is a form of pyrolysis where organic matter is converted into a gas form, typically carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, or hydrogen. The biomass is exposed to heat in a low-oxygen environment so that it converts to a gas rather than combusting.

This chemical reaction leads to the creation of synthesis gas , or syngas, which can be used as fuel. This is a mixture of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and hydrogen, and although it cannot be burnt directly, it can be used as a fuel source.

Biodigestion

Biodigestion is another way to break down biomass into a gas form in the absence of oxygen. However, rather than using heat, in this process bacteria turn the organic material into biogas , a type of biofuel that is made up of methane, carbon dioxide, and small amounts of other gasses.

The biogas can then be combusted to generate energy.

Fermentation

Just like fermentation used to produce alcoholic beverages, biomass can be exposed to yeast to convert its sugar content into ethanol. This is usually done with high-sugar crops like sugar beets, sugar cane, or corn.

This produces a pure form of ethanol which can be used as a biofuel, most notably for cars and trucks.

Advantages of biomass energy

Biomass energy has certain advantages, at least compared to fossil fuels . We’ll take a look at these benefits, though this should be tempered with an understanding of the drawbacks, which we’ll cover afterwards.

1. It’s a renewable source of energy

For the last couple of centuries, the world has heavily relied on fossil fuels such as coal and oil for industry, transport, and to power our homes. These resources are finite: simply put, once we exploit the world’s fossil fuel resources, it will be impossible to get any more.

Furthermore, this point may be closer than you think: scientists predict that at our current rates of consumption, we’ll run out of known reserves of oil by 2052, gas by 2060, and coal by 2090.

Clearly, this is not sustainable, so we need to find renewable sources of energy. One of the advantages of biomass is the fact that it is renewable.

Biomass, whether wood, plant, or animal material, can be sourced over and over again, making it a renewable resource.

It’s worth noting that some forms of biomass can be renewed more quickly than others. For example, fast-growing crops like corn can be renewed in a season, while even the fastest-growing trees take decades to replenish.

It’s also important to note that biomass is not the only form of renewable energy. Other forms of renewable energy include solar , wind , and wave energy , and many of these carry less environmental concerns and are more readily renewable than biomass.

To learn more about the different forms of renewable energy, take a look at this guide.

2. It’s carbon neutral (maybe)

Another one of the advantages of biomass is that, when used for fuel, it is a carbon-neutral process. Although carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases are emitted through combusting, processing or otherwise using biomass, this is believed to be offset by the carbon absorbed by the plants forests grown to create the raw materials.

This claim relies heavily on the European Union (EU) classifying biomass as a carbon-neutral form of energy under their Emissions Trading System (ETS) .

However, there is a growing argument, including within the European scientific community , that biomass is not, in fact, carbon neutral. Even industry leaders have admitted that not all types of biomass are carbon neutral.

Others argue that although biomass is often not carbon-neutral when used for fuel, it is a low-carbon fuel that produces less carbon pollution than fossil fuels. However, even if biomass can be favorably compared to fossil fuels in this regard, there’s no contest when it comes to cleaner forms of renewable energy.

3. It keeps organic waste out of landfill

Waste is undoubtedly one of the biggest environmental challenges of our time. Plastic waste gets a lot of attention, and rightly so, but organic waste is also a problem.

Organic waste contributes to landfill taking up space and meaning that we need to destroy natural environments to build more landfills.

Furthermore, unregulated burning and dumping of organic materials can cause land, water, and air pollution . For example, wood will break down quickly and cleanly in a natural environment, but in landfill it takes longer to decompose , and when it does, it gives off the greenhouse gas methane.

You can recycle wood and other organic materials, but it’s not always easy to do. Using these materials as a fuel is another way to keep them out of landfill by giving people an economic incentive to do so, which is yet another of the advantages of biomass.

Organic waste and residue that is typically used as biomass include:

• Forestry residue, including culled trees, limbs, tops, and other material rejected by the logging industry
• Crop residues from agriculture, such as leaves, husks, cobs, and stalks
• Municipal waste, such as paper, cardboard, food, yard refuse, and textiles

4. It’s more efficient than fossil fuels

Biomass typically doesn’t require too much processing to turn it into fuel. Furthermore, it is much easier to extract than fossil fuels, an expensive and intensive process.

While converting organic materials into higher-grade materials can be pretty intensive, there are cheap and relatively easy ways to harness biomass as a fuel, namely through combustion.

Through combustion, whether in a home fireplace or an industrial power plant, the biomass generates heat, light, or electricity. Not only is this a form of renewable energy that can be used at home, but it’s also an affordable and accessible way for small-scale industry to access renewable energy.

5. It’s versatile

Biomass can be used to create different products, such as methane gas and biodiesel , among other types of fuels. It can also be used to produce secondary forms of energy, such as heating steam turbines to generate electricity.

Additionally, biomass is a more reliable source of energy than fossil fuels, especially as the latter are getting more and more scarce. While the international community is increasingly relying on exploratory drilling and mining to find new sources of coal and oil.

These practices have uncertain returns, as you cannot be certain how much fuel you will find, if any at all. On the other hand, planting crops gives almost guaranteed returns.

Biomass power plants are often dispatchable, meaning they can be activated or shut down in response to demand. This makes them ideal for use in parallel to renewable energy plants: we can use them to supplement solar, wind, or hydroelectric power at times of low production or peak demand, yet another of the many advantages of biomass.

This could help to mitigate concerns around other forms of renewable energy such as wind and solar, which are often seen as unreliable.

Disadvantages

Although biomass has its benefits, it’s important to recognize that it also has its failings. In fact, these disadvantages have prompted some people to say that biomass is even worse for the environment than coal.

1. It generates harmful emissions

For biomass to be used as fuel, it usually needs to be processed first. These processes generate varying amounts of carbon dioxide, a damaging greenhouse gas.

Further harmful emissions are generated when using the biofuel. In particular, biofuels tend to generate methane, a greenhouse that is even worse for the climate than CO2 .

Therefore, biomass is not really a viable alternative to fossil fuels if we want to curb global warming. Arguably, we’d be better off investing in clean, renewable forms of energy such as solar, wind, and hydroelectricity.

2. It causes air pollution

Along with carbon dioxide and methane, converting and using biomass into fuel can generate a range of polluting gasses, including:

• Carbon monoxide (CO)
• Nitrogen oxides (NOx)
• Sulfur dioxide (SO2)
• Particular matter (PM)
• Acrolein formaldehyde
• Hydrochloric acid
• Hydrofluoric acid
• Other hazardous air pollutants (HAPs)

HAPs are a group of 187 toxins that have been closely linked to cancer as well as reproductive problems and birth defects. Furthermore, these materials can be very damaging to the natural environment, poisoning land and marine animals.

3. It contributes to deforestation

Although wood is a renewable resource, it is also a precious one. In the US, we’ve already cut down 94% of our old-growth forests , partly because we’ve cleared land for other purposes, and partly because we’ve harvested the wood for fuel, paper, and other uses.

Today, we’re still clearing old growth forests for quick-growing monocultures such as pine and eucalyptus. These plantations cannot replicate the diverse ecosystems they replace, displacing animals and leading to species extinction.

Additionally, they’re much less efficient as carbon sinks than the forests they replace, so have a negative impact on the climate.

Deforestation has a range of devastating impacts on the environment, notably:

• It contributes to climate change by removing carbon sinks
• It reduces rainfall , which in turn leads to drought and famine
• It destroys habitats, driving plants and animals to extinction

Furthermore, wood is not the only type of biomass that can contribute to deforestation.

Growing crops like corn or beets for biofuels needs space – and lots of it, if we want to use biofuels on a large scale. In our already overcrowded planet, this translates into clearing forests and other natural habitats.

4. Biomass production uses a lot of water

Growing crops to produce biomass typically involves heavy water usage. Common energy crops such as corn, beets, and sugar cane need to be irrigated with large amounts of water when grown on an industrial scale.

Add to this that clearing forests contributes to reduced rainfall, and bioenergy production on a large scale could not only cause local droughts, but also wide water issues, potentially on a global scale.

Given that water shortages are predicted to be one of the planet’s biggest challenges in the 21 st century and beyond thanks to climate change, this is an issue that we should take very seriously.

5. Biomass energy production takes a lot of space, money, and effort

Biomass is not really a viable method of generating electricity on a mass scale because of the space, money, and effort required to set up the necessary infrastructure. The cost of gathering resources required for biofuels is very high compared to the amount of energy generated.

If we wanted to use biomass to power homes, energy plants would need to be set up in urban centers for ease of energy use. This would generate significant amounts of traffic and pollution, arguably creating more problems than it solves.

What’s more, these biomass energy plants would take up large footprints within our towns and cities – a planning nightmare for new population centers, and virtually impossible in existing ones!

Furthermore, biomass energy plants would need to be located close to sources of biomass material production to make them viable. Otherwise, this would mean transporting organic materials long distance, and potentially using more energy to do so than the plant generates.

6. Biodiesel is less efficient than gasoline

When it comes to biodiesel products such as ethanol, these are arguably less efficient that gasoline, meaning that many people are reluctant to use them. There is also some evidence that using ethanol can damage combustion engines over the long term.

Furthermore, most ethanol-based fuels contain some proportion of gasoline. So, although this is a way to reduce our reliance on fossil fuels and make our current supplies last longer, it’s not a long-term alternative.

Biomass: Should we focus on more eco-friendly renewable energy?

Although there are a range of advantages of biomass, there are also disadvantages, the drawbacks of this type of energy include some pretty devastating impacts on the environment. Most notably, biofuels produce greenhouse gasses and other pollutants, as well as contributing to deforestation and water shortages.

Although biofuels are arguably better than fossil fuels, there are other forms of renewable energy that offer many of the same benefits as biomass without most of the pitfalls.

If you found it useful to learn about the advantages of biomass, take a look at what we have to say about other, cleaner forms of renewable energy, take a look at our guides to solar panels, solar farm land requirements , wind turbines , and hydroelectric power .

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The advantages and disadvantages of Biomass energy

1. advantages of biomass energy.

Biomass energy has several advantages, including its renewable and sustainable nature, its ability to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and the diverse sources from which it can be obtained. One of the major benefits of biomass energy is that it is renewable and sustainable. This means that we cannot run out of biomass energy, whereas the non-renewable energy sources that we use today will eventually run out. As a result, many people believe that biomass energy can help to create a more sustainable energy system, both now and in the future. In addition to the positive environmental impacts and the potential for reducing greenhouse gas emissions, the development and use of biomass energy could create jobs in local communities. For example, farmers in the UK have already started to produce energy crops for use in biomass plants, and this new market for their produce has helped to support their industry. Another advantage of biomass energy is that it can be used in a variety of situations all over the world. There are many different sources of biomass, including agricultural crops, crop residues, wood chips, and animal manure, and people can use these sources in their local area to produce both heat and electricity. As a result, biomass energy can be found far and wide, from a remote village somewhere in Africa to a modern, bustling city like London. The availability of different biomass sources and the flexibility in the ways that they can be used means that biomass energy is a 'realistic' option for almost all parts of the world. This is particularly good news for developing countries, where more traditional biomass techniques are already widely used. By adopting modern biomass technology, such as anaerobic digestion and biofuels, these countries could make their energy production more sustainable and provide valuable power to homes and villages, whilst also supporting job creation and economic development. In fact, the Global Alliance for Clean Cookstoves, which promotes the use of clean and efficient stoves in lower-income countries, has identified biomass as a key sector in achieving its goals of universal access to clean energy and reducing the impacts of climate change. This highlights the opportunities for positive change that biomass energy can bring on a global scale.

1.1 Renewable and Sustainable

Biomass energy is "renewable" because the energy is generated from living or recently living organisms (plants and organisms), or from their metabolic by-products. That is usually contaminated by impurities encountered during the extraction and distillation operation, so the definition of "renewable" means it can be replaced with new growth. So as long as we have crops that produce biomass, we can continue to produce energy. It is "sustainable" because the biomass, as indeed their plant cells, contains the energy from the sun. It is stored through a process known as photosynthesis. The plant absorbs light from the sun in addition to air and nutrients from the soil, which combines into fuels and sugar. The choice of hundreds, thousands, and millions of years old of biomatter and it produces people generate or absorb today, but it will continue to exist in the long term. We do not have to worry or concern about it running out, that is why it is "sustainable". One example of biomass is wood, which is used for energy. Wood contains stored chemical energy and heats via combustion. Therefore, when burned, it produces greenhouse gases or heat and releases carbon dioxide and a quantity of water vapor into the atmosphere. Instances of wood biomass include use in residential space heating, trading post, power generation, and sawmill.

1.2 Reduces Greenhouse Gas Emissions

Burning fossil fuels to produce heat and electricity is a major driver of emitting significant amounts of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. Biomass energy, on the other hand, does not contribute highly to these atmospheric emissions. When biomass materials are burned, the carbon dioxide that is produced is equal to the amount which the plant absorbed during its lifetime, meaning that it has effectively recycled the carbon dioxide that was absorbed. As a result, the net effect on the environment is zero in terms of atmospheric carbon. Therefore, biomass is classified as carbon-neutral renewable energy which can provide a significant reduction in greenhouse gas emissions. Scientific studies have shown that burning biomass releases about 50% of the, which is about 3.5 tons of carbon dioxide for every megawatt of power produced. On the other hand, if the biomass is grown sustainably, one acre of trees has the potential to absorb carbon dioxide produced by 2.5 acres of electricity generating solar panels. As noted by the U.S. Department of Energy, biomass power could produce as much as three percent of the, greatly contributing to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. This technology can be widely utilized and its benefit is discussed why federal government and states are trying to promote biomass energy industries by, for example, providing funds and incentives. Many states are affected by the power plants, which distribute power nationwide and utilize a variety of biomass resources. These power plants also help to provide new jobs and assist farmers to utilize land efficiently and reduce off-farm pollution. It is no doubt in my mind that biomass energy is the ultimate solution for reducing greenhouse gas emissions and having a healthier earth and happier people.

1.3 Diverse Sources of Biomass

Different kinds of biomass provide a wide range of energy options. Biomass is used for facility heating and electricity, as well as in the automotive industry to fuel vehicles. It's an extremely efficient and clean form of energy. In some cases, it can also be converted into a liquid fuel that can be used to power vehicles. Researchers are trying to develop ways to make biomass energy even more efficient. One area of research is focused on the kind of energy that is created in biomass power plants that turn biomass into electricity. Scientists are trying to find ways for the electricity-producing plants to also produce some sort of thermal or two forms of energy as well. This would make the plants up to 90% efficient - a great improvement over the current efficiency of about 20%. Heated algae and other biomass will produce a gas. Plant and algae life absorb carbon dioxide from the sun in a process called photosynthesis, emitting oxygen as a waste product. By producing gases in the biomass the same way that it is formed in nature, scientists can actually measure the process in real time. They are looking to see what effects changes in temperature may have on the organisms that produce these gases and the environment as a whole. Botulinum bacteria, the deadliest bacteria known, is what causes food poisoning when food is not prepared in a sanitary environment. Its six neurotoxins are deadly in very small amounts. However, researchers and scientists are using the unique ability of botulinum bacteria to thrive in a low-oxygen environment as an opportunity for creating energy. When not in the oxygen-free environment, the botulinum bacteria basically does not produce dangerous toxins. Instead, it feeds on alcohol and sugars and produces a gas called neurotoxins that can be removed from the bacteria and is being studied from many sides. This process is part of the reason why biomass energy is considered a carbon-neutral form of energy. Plants absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and convert it into organic compounds. When these plants then die and decay, these compounds are released back into the environment. By using biomass to produce energy, the carbon stays locked in the biomass during the entire life of the plant. The carbon is only released back into the environment in the form of carbon dioxide after the organic material is burned - the carbon dioxide then being absorbed by other plants and the cycle of photosynthesis beginning again.

2. Disadvantages of Biomass Energy

2.1 High Initial Costs Another disadvantage of biomass energy is that it requires a lot of money to create a biomass power plant. Many people don't want to invest in a technology that might not be successful or that might not be in place for the long term. Most current biomass power plants were built with the help of government funding. Also, the machinery for these power plants is often very expensive. For example, it costs more to make a biomass power plant than a coal power plant. Coal is already managed by many power plants, so it's less costly to create a plant. The lower costs of operation and maintenance make it an even easier investment. However, as technology becomes more advanced, the cost of producing biomass energy will decrease, making it more financially viable to potential investors. In addition, biomass power plants can use agricultural waste and forests, but this will cause a supply and demand issue, as there may not be enough or it will require many different users to obtain the fuel required. It can also be harmful to the economy as the high raw material prices could make food more expensive and lead to job loss. Also, if there are not enough workers to harvest and produce the materials, there will be too much downtime for the plant to be viable.

2.1 High Initial Costs

Because of the large size of the facilities and the complicated engineering systems and equipment required to convert biomass into energy, the initial cost of building a biomass power plant is very high. Although a detailed review of the project of maintenance and operational costs, estimates of the capital costs for biomass projects provide useful indications to help us understand the amount of money involved. In the case of the US, the review of recent projects costs - where available - has shown that electricity can be produced from wood and biogas at 6 to 8.5 cents per kilowatt-hour (kWh) without CHP (combined heat and power) - export and at 4 to 6.5 cents per kWh with CHP-export, and that from agricultural residues, public solid waste and landfill gas at 8 to 12.5 cents per kWh. Costs of biomass energy also depend on the distance of the feedstock amount the biomass power plant. It is easy for large power plant to buy the materials at low cost, because there will be mass production of the material. However, for a small biomass power plant that dedicated to recycle the waste such as rice straw and rice husk, the cost will be relatively high. Also, the season will affect the cost of the feedstock because the agricultural 'product', for example sugar canes, will only be available in certain period of the year. Security for biomass materials such as logging residues, where the biomass power plant is locating at, is also a concern to the costs. Due to the fact that the initial costs for biomass projects are high, financial support is a big issue for investors to consider. Usually, for large scale power plants those have the capacity to sell the electricity to the market, they may consider the option of debt to get the project going. However, debt cost may amount to 30% of the project costs because of the interest and financial charges. This will increase the risks of the investment on the project. On the other hands, although debt and interest costs are going to be major concerns. Concentrating on the operational costs is also very important for future success of the plant. For example wildfires at the plant may cause faults and interrupt the production of the plant and inspections and checks have to be performed. This will consume time and money and also dramatically reduce the efficiency of energy production. If the project fails to reach the expected capacity, the investor has to suffer for the penalties which will increase their burdens. It is obvious that the high initial costs have to be well managed and understood should investors hope for a successful return from the expensive biomass energy projects.

2.2 Land and Water Use

Biomass energy is a dirty fuel, as are all other sources of energy besides solar. This means that the energy releases greenhouse gases and pollutants. Power plants that burn organic material release a large number of pollutants, including nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, volatile organic compounds, and particulate matters, or PM. Many of these have serious health effects on humans - nitrogen oxides can cause ground level ozone and a depletion of lung function, carbon monoxide can be fatal in large amounts, volatile organic compounds can lead to cancer and liver problems, and particulate matters can cause chronic bronchitis, aggravated asthma, and premature death. Another disadvantage to producing energy from biomass is that it specifically requires a large amount of area. This means that producers have to convert the land that could be used for growing crops or food into agricultural lands for energy materials. The more land that is used for biomass means that less land is used for storing carbon, less land has a potential to reduce the impact of urbanization, and less land that can contribute to ecosystem adaptation or biological diversity. The more space that is used for growing energy crops, the more ecological destruction occurs as well. Furthermore, producing energy from biomass requires a plentiful water source. Typically, biomass power plants require millions of gallons of water per megawatt of electricity. This means that the power plants are exploiting a lot of water from local sources and reducing the amount of water that's available to the native plant and animal species in the area. This is particularly harmful in times of drought, where water is scarce enough as is. There are some ways around this of course. For example, the Mayfield power plant uses a water system that recirculates the water, meaning that almost all of the water used is put back into the system. However, this recirculating system means that the water used has a risk of becoming increasingly polluted. Also, it's expensive to build power plants with these integrated systems. So even an option like recirculating water back into a system isn't a great solution for mitigating the water needs for a biomass power plant.

2.3 Air Pollution Concerns

The burning of biomass, like the burning of fossil fuels, produces nitrogen oxides (NOx), particulate matter, and carbon monoxide. Sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions are minimal because the amount of sulfur in biomass fuels is low. However, certain types of particle pollution associated with air pollution, for example, 2.5-micron particles (PM2.5) are also emitted from biomass burning. NOx is a key ingredient in the formation of ground-level ozone, which irritates the respiratory system, causing coughing, choking, and reduced lung capacity. Development of children's lungs, development of chronic lung diseases and aggravation of pre-existing lung diseases such as asthma and emphysema are also attributed to extended periods of ground level ozone exposure. Ground level ozone is also a major concern in the United Kingdom, of which the United Kingdom is a part. In 2017, the European Environment Agency reported that 16% of the United Kingdom's land area exceeded ozone environmental objectives and 81% of the country's 5.4 million employees' workplace was subjected to such excessive ground level ozone. Carbon monoxide (CO) facilitates fatigue, chest pain, impaired heart functions, and reduced brain functions at low concentrations. Violation of the Health and Safety at Work etc Act 1974 in the United Kingdom, which mandates the responsibility of employers to ensure the welfare of employees, comes with penalties that lead to up to two years of imprisonment. However, biomass energy advocates claim that burning organic material provides carbon-neutral conditions and therefore contributes towards reducing the impact of climate change on the environment. Estimations by the UK Department of Energy and Climate Change (DECC) in 2013 forecasted that biomass capacity in the United Kingdom will increase by approximately 75% from 2012 to 2019. Through the use of dedicated biomass plants to generate electricity, forecasted carbon savings of 2.5 to 4.4 million tonnes can be expected because CO2 produced by such biomass plants in the entire process would be offset by the carbon absorbed in the plant material during its growth and decomposition cycle.

2.4 Limited Efficiency

Another disadvantage of biomass energy is its limited efficiency. When transforming plant-based materials into energy, the process becomes inefficient and a large portion of the potential energy remains unused. The reason for this is that a significant amount of energy is required to produce and refine the fuel used for biomass energy, but not a lot of energy is actually converted into electricity. When producing biomass energy in power plants, the process becomes only about 20-25% efficient. While co-firing biomass and using the energy generated from landfill gas has proved to be the most efficient ways of generating electricity from biomass, this technology does not provide a high level of efficiency. In addition, only the organic part of the waste can be used to create biogas and produce energy. Therefore, the limited technology and knowledge makes the process even more difficult and results in much lower levels of efficiency. Moreover, the low level of public awareness about biomass energy efficiency has impeded its widespread use and popularization. Although technologies available in the market have allowed us to produce electricity from biomass at reasonable efficiency levels, many potential users still do not recognize its effectiveness. Public awareness of the recent and potential improvements in energy efficiency can be effectively raised by government campaigns, such as the 'Energy Saving Trust' in the UK, leading to increased acceptance and faster introduction of efficient methods and equipment. In the UK, national policies such as the Climate Change Act 2008 aim to establish a 'green' and 'low-carbon' image of the country through substantial improvement in energy efficiency in power generation and promotion of renewable energy, including biomass. While technology to reach for higher thermal efficiency is being continuously developed, the advanced biomass power plants with higher energy efficiency will definitely be introduced in the future. It is expected that through innovation and initiatives, the energy efficiency of new biomass will reach beyond 40% in the UK soon.

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Pros and Cons of Biomass Energy (Is It the Right Choice?)

As a passionate advocate for renewable energy sources, I’ve been exploring the pros and cons of biomass energy. With an understanding of the advantages and disadvantages of biomass, you can make an informed decision on whether this type of energy is right for you. In this blog post, I’ll be discussing the key pros and cons of biomass energy so you get a better understanding of whether this could be the right choice for your home or business .

Pros of biomass:

• Renewable and sustainable energy source
• Can reduce dependence on fossil fuels
• Reduces greenhouse gas emissions

Cons of biomass:

• Expensive to produce and transport
• Can cause air pollution if not managed properly
• Can be difficult to store and transport

What is Biomass?

Biomass is an example of green tech and renewable energy sources derived from organic materials such as plants, animals, and waste. It is considered to be a sustainable energy source because it can be replenished over time.

Biomass energy can be used to produce biogas, electricity, heat, or transportation fuels.

Examples of Biomass Sources

Biomass sources include:

• Wood and wood products
• Agricultural residues
• Animal waste, and municipal solid waste
• Algae and other aquatic plants
• Landfill gas, and biogas

Pros and Cons of Biomass Energy

When considering bioenergy for an upgrade to your home or making your business greener, it is important to be aware of the advantages and disadvantages of biomass.

So, let’s dive deeper into the benefits and drawbacks of biomass!

Pros of Biomass Energy

Here are the main advantages of biomass:

1. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Source

Biomass is a renewable energy source because it can be replenished over time. This means that it does not need to be extracted from the ground like fossil fuels do.

Additionally, biomass is considered to be a sustainable energy source because it does not contribute to increasing the greenhouse effect of our planet’s atmosphere like burning fossil fuels does.

2. Reduced Dependence on Fossil Fuels

Using biomass as an energy source reduces our dependence on fossil fuels . This is important because burning fossil fuels releases carbon dioxide into the atmosphere which many scientists believe is a major contributor to global warming.

By using biomass instead of fossil fuels, we are able to reduce our carbon footprint and fulfill at least 2 of the 6 Rs of sustainability .

3. Carbon Neutral

Biomass is considered to be carbon neutral because, if done properly, it does not release any additional carbon dioxide into the atmosphere when burned. The carbon released by burning biomass is offset by the carbon absorbed by the plants during their growth cycle.

This makes biomass an attractive option for reducing greenhouse gas emissions.

4. Waste Reduction

Using biomass as an energy source can help reduce waste in a number of ways. For example, using agricultural residues or animal waste as a fuel source reduces the amount of material that would otherwise end up in landfills.

Additionally, using municipal solid waste as a fuel source reduces the amount of material that needs to be processed and disposed of in landfills.

Cons of Biomass Energy

Biomass energy is a renewable energy source, but it does come with some drawbacks. Here are the main disadvantages of biomass:

1. Emissions

The burning of biomass fuels produces carbon dioxide (CO2) and other air pollutants, including nitrogen oxides (NOx), and particulate matter (PM). These pollutants can have a negative impact on air quality and public health.

The emissions from biomass combustion are typically lower than those from fossil fuels.

2. Deforestation

The harvesting of biomass fuels can lead to deforestation if not managed properly. This can result in the destruction of habitats and the loss of biodiversity.

In addition, the removal of trees can reduce the amount of carbon dioxide absorbed by forests, which can further contribute to climate change .

Biomass energy is typically more expensive than other sources of energy, such as coal and natural gas.

The cost can vary depending on the type of biomass used and the location where it is harvested.

Additionally, there are other significant costs associated with biomass production, such as transportation and storage.

4. potential land degradation & Water Pollution

In addition to emissions and cost, there are other issues associated with biomass energy that need to be addressed. These include potential land degradation due to overharvesting and water pollution caused by runoff from fertilizers used in biomass production.

Domestic Biomass

Domestic biomass systems, like the one produced by HomeBiogas , one of our top green tech companies of 2022, are becoming increasingly popular due to their cost-effectiveness and environmental benefits.

These systems use wood or other organic waste materials to generate biogas, heat, or electricity for homes or businesses.

Overall, the most exciting thing about biomass is the possibility to turn waste into clean energy!

Types of Domestic Biomass Systems

• Wood-burning stoves : These stoves use wood logs or pellets to generate heat for a home or business.
• Biomass boilers : These boilers use wood chips or pellets to generate hot water or steam for heating.
• Biogas digesters : These systems use organic material such as manure or food waste to produce biogas, which can be used for cooking or generating electricity.

Benefits of Domestic Biomass Systems

• Cost-effective : Domestic biomass systems can be more cost-effective than traditional heating systems in the long run.
• Renewable : Wood is a renewable resource that can be harvested sustainably.
• Environmentally friendly : Biomass systems produce fewer emissions than fossil fuels.

Costs Associated with Domestic Biomass Systems

The cost of a domestic biomass system depends on several factors, including the size of the system and the type of fuel used. I nitial installation costs can range from a few hundred dollars for a small wood-burning stove to tens of thousands for a large biogas digester.

In addition, ongoing costs such as fuel and maintenance must be taken into account when considering a domestic biomass system.

The Future of Biomass

Biomass energy is becoming increasingly popular as a renewable and sustainable energy source. As the world continues to grapple with climate change, biomass energy has the potential to play an important role in reducing our dependence on fossil fuels and mitigating the effects of global warming.

Governments and businesses are investing heavily in developing the market for biomass energy, and the future looks bright for this renewable energy source.

Biomass as Part of the Solution to Climate Change

Biomass energy is carbon neutral, meaning that it does not produce any additional carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. This makes it an attractive option for those looking to reduce their carbon footprint.

Additionally, biomass energy can be used to replace fossil fuels in many applications, reducing our dependence on non-renewable sources of energy. This can help reduce emissions from power plants and other sources, thus helping to mitigate the effects of climate change.

Biomass energy can also be used to reduce waste. By using biomass as a fuel source, we can reduce the amount of waste that is sent to landfills or incinerated. This can help reduce air pollution and create a more sustainable environment.

The Role of Governments and Businesses in Developing the Market for Biomass Energy

Governments and businesses are investing heavily in developing the market for biomass energy.

Governments are providing incentives such as tax credits and subsidies to encourage businesses to invest in renewable energy sources . Additionally, governments are investing in research and development of new technologies related to biomass energy production. This can help make biomass energy more cost-effective and efficient.

Businesses are also investing in biomass energy production . They are exploring ways to use biomass as a fuel source for their operations, as well as researching new technologies related to biomass production. By investing in these technologies, businesses can help make biomass energy more affordable and accessible.

The future of biomass energy looks promising, with governments and businesses taking steps to develop the market for this renewable source of energy. With continued investment, biomass energy could become an important part of our global effort to combat climate change.

What are the benefits of using biomass as an energy source?

Biomass energy has many positive effects. It is a renewable source of energy, meaning it can be replenished quickly. Additionally, it can be used to generate electricity and heat, reducing the need for fossil fuels. Biomass also offers economic benefits, as it can be used to create jobs in rural areas. Finally, it has a low carbon footprint and can help reduce greenhouse gas emissions.

What are the advantages and disadvantages of using biomass?

Biomass energy is renewable, reduces dependency on fossil fuels, and is carbon neutral. It is widely available and can be used in many forms. However, burning biomass is not totally clean, can lead to deforestation, and is less efficient than fossil fuels. It also requires a lot of space and can be more expensive than other energy sources.

What are the drawbacks of using biomass energy?

Burning biomass can have serious negative effects on health. These include asthma exacerbations, hospitalizations due to heart attack and respiratory disease, birth defects, and even neurodegenerative diseases. In some cases, burning biomass can even lead to death. It is important to be aware of these potential risks and take steps to reduce exposure to air pollution from burning biomass.

What is the effect of biomass on the environment?

Biomass can be both positive and negative. On one hand, it can be a carbon-neutral energy source, as the plants used to create biomass capture CO2 through photosynthesis, which is equal to the amount released when biomass is burned. On the other hand, burning biomass can create air pollution and contribute to global warming. Ultimately, whether biomass is positive or negative depends on how it is used and managed.

What are the advantages of using biomass as an energy source?

Biomass is a renewable source of energy that offers many benefits. The most notable are:

• It is carbon neutral.
• It reduces the overreliance on fossil fuels.
• It is less expensive than fossil fuels.
• Manufacturers can benefit from additional revenue by producing biomass.
• Less garbage in landfills.

What are the disadvantages of using biomass as an energy source?

Biomass energy has several cons. Firstly, it is not as efficient as fossil fuels and some biofuels, such as Ethanol, are relatively inefficient compared to gasoline. Secondly, biomass energy is not entirely clean as it produces emissions such as carbon dioxide and other pollutants. Additionally, the production of biomass fuels can lead to deforestation when plants are harvested for fuel. Finally, biomass plants require a lot of space for production and storage.

When it comes to biomass energy , it’s important to weigh the pros and cons carefully. Biomass energy has the potential to be a sustainable and renewable energy source, but it can also come with a range of environmental and economic drawbacks. Ultimately, it is up to you to decide if biomass energy is the right choice for your needs.

By understanding the pros and cons of biomass energy, or bioenergy, you can make an informed decision about whether or not it is the right option for you. Knowing the potential benefits and drawbacks of this type of energy can help you decide if it is the best choice for your home or business.

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Biomass Energy – Advantages and Disadvantages

Table of contents toggle biomass energy – advantages and disadvantages of biomass energy harnessing nature’s energy: a balanced look at the pros and cons of biomass power what exactly is biomass energy the allure and advantages of biomass energy renewable and abundant reduces waste lower net carbon emissions supports local economies flexible applications challenges, drawbacks, and disadvantages of biomass energy land and water resource use effect on soil health supply logistics upfront costs emissions and pollution waste-to-energy tradeoffs utilizing biomass sustainably – best practices our renewable energy destiny frequently asked questions (faqs), biomass energy – advantages and disadvantages of biomass energy, harnessing nature’s energy: a balanced look at the pros and cons of biomass power.

As concerns mount over climate change and dependence on fossil fuels, many nations diversify their energy mix by tapping into renewable sources like solar, wind, and hydropower. But biomass is one green energy solution with roots from ancient times.

Biomass Energy harnesses the chemical energy within organic matter to produce heat, electricity, and fuel. But is biomass truly a sustainable savior, or does it come with its challenges? This guide will explore biomass energy, its advantages and disadvantages, and how it can be utilized responsibly.

What Exactly is Biomass Energy?

Biomass energy derives from plant and animal material – anything that once lived. Common examples include:

• Wood from trees and forest residues
• Agricultural crops and waste residues like husks and stalks
• Food, yard, and crop waste and manure
• Algae and aquatic plants
• Municipal solid waste taken from landfills

These biomaterials contain stored chemical energy from photosynthesis. We can harness biomass as renewable energy by burning it directly for heat or converting it into liquids and gases to fuel engines and turbines. This organic matter can be replenished relatively quickly compared to fossil fuels.

The Allure and Advantages of Biomass Energy

With roots tracing back to prehistoric campfires, biomass remains a primary energy source for much of the developing world. But even modern industrialized nations are tapping biomass as a renewable substitute for coal and natural gas. Some key benefits driving this growth include:

Renewable and Abundant

Biomass can be sourced reliably and sustainably from recurring organic waste streams and quickly growing plants and crops. This makes it a dependable renewable fuel source.

Reduces Waste

Converting scrap wood, crop residues, manure, and landfill waste to energy repurposes what would otherwise decompose or be incinerated without benefit.

Lower Net Carbon Emissions

The carbon released by burning biomass was previously absorbed as the plants grew, so overall emissions are lower than fossil fuels.

Supports Local Economies

Biomass production creates agricultural, forestry, and waste management jobs, keeping energy dollars close to home.

Flexible Applications

Biomass can generate baseload power, home heating, transportation fuels, biogas, and more.

With advantages like these, it’s easy to see the allure of biomass. However, utilizing this resource sustainably requires acknowledging its limitations.

Challenges, Drawbacks, and Disadvantages of Biomass Energy

While organic waste streams offer a renewable fuel source, large-scale biomass production carries significant environmental and efficiency challenges, including:

Land and Water Resource Use

Growing dedicated energy crops on a large scale consumes substantial land and water resources that could otherwise preserve ecosystems.

Effect on Soil Health

Intensive biomass farming may deplete soils of nutrients and organic matter over time, degrading the land.

Supply Logistics

Transporting and storing large quantities of biomass feedstock comes with high logistical costs. Bulky biomass has a low energy density compared to fossil fuels.

Upfront Costs

While biomass plants have low operating costs, the high initial investment required hinders widespread adoption.

Emissions and Pollution

Burning biomass emits air pollutants like nitrogen oxides, particulates, and carbon monoxide, especially at smaller facilities.

Waste-to-Energy Tradeoffs

While diverting organic waste from landfills is beneficial, some methods, like incineration, carry environmental and health risks that must be managed.

Any source of energy comes with tradeoffs. With biomass, the key is using it selectively and efficiently to maximize the benefits while minimizing the downsides.

Utilizing Biomass Sustainably – Best Practices

When developed responsibly, biomass energy can be sustainable – improving waste management while supplementing fossil fuels during the clean energy transition. Here are some best practices for harnessing biomass effectively:

• Use waste residues first – Sources like timber slash, manure, and crop wastes are more sustainable than growing dedicated energy crops, which consume more land and water.
• Look local – Utilizing local biomass shrinks transportation miles, boosts efficiency, and retains value in the community.
• Convert efficiently – Employing technologies like anaerobic digestion, gasification, pyrolysis, and cogeneration maximizes energy output and minimizes pollution.
• Follow sustainability standards – Adopt third-party certification standards for biomass production and use.
• Co-locate facilities – Integrating biomass plants with industries producing organic waste residues improves resource utilization.
• Scrub emissions – Using scrubbers and filters reduces particulate matter, nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides, and other plant emissions.
• Maintain soil health – Rotating crops, retaining residues, and applying biochar helps preserve soil quality for future generations.
• Conserve natural areas – Sourcing biomass only from existing waste streams and responsibly managed working lands preserves natural habitats and forests.

Our Renewable Energy Destiny

Like any energy source, biomass comes with advantages and disadvantages. But by sourcing materials responsibly and converting them efficiently, biomass can provide clean heat, power, and fuel to help communities prosper while progressing sustainability.

Combining this ancient energy source with modern technology, we can redirect waste from landfills into greener solutions – turning trash into treasure. Our destiny is renewable Energy for All – if we build it responsibly.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

1. What is biomass energy?

• Biomass energy is a renewable energy source derived from organic materials, such as wood, agricultural residues, and waste that can be converted into heat, electricity, or biofuels.

2. How is biomass energy generated?

• Biomass energy is generated by burning or converting organic materials through combustion, gasification, or fermentation.

3. What are the advantages of biomass energy?

• Advantages include renewable and sustainable fuel sources, organic waste reduction, and potential carbon neutrality.

4. Is biomass energy carbon-neutral?

• Biomass energy can be carbon-neutral when the carbon emissions released during combustion are offset by the carbon absorbed by the plants used as biomass.

5. What types of biomass are commonly used for energy production?

• Common biomass sources include wood, crop residues, agricultural waste, dedicated energy crops, and algae.

6. Can biomass energy be used for electricity generation?

• Yes, biomass can generate electricity through combustion or convert it into biogas or biofuels to run generators.

7. What are the disadvantages of biomass energy?

• Disadvantages include emissions of greenhouse gases and air pollutants, land and water use, competition with food crops, and limited energy density.

8. How does biomass energy compare to fossil fuels regarding emissions?

• Biomass energy can produce fewer greenhouse gas emissions than fossil fuels but can emit pollutants like particulate matter and nitrogen oxides.

9. Is biomass energy suitable for large-scale electricity generation?

10. What role does biomass energy play in reducing waste disposal problems?

11. Can biomass energy be used to heat and cool homes and businesses?

12. Are there concerns about deforestation due to biomass harvesting?

13. What is the future outlook for biomass energy as a renewable energy source?

14. Can biomass energy be combined with other renewable energy sources like solar and wind?

15. Are there technological advancements in biomass energy that address its disadvantages?

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Engr. Muhammad Ali Raza

Hello, I'm Engr. Ali Raza, an Electrical Engineering Professional with a passion for innovation and a commitment to excellence. I completed my electrical engineering degree in 2017 and have since been actively engaged in the field, where I've had the opportunity to apply my knowledge and skills to real-world projects. Over the years, I've gained valuable experience in Engineering field, allowing me to contribute effectively to the development and implementation of electrical systems and solutions. I thrive in dynamic and challenging environments, constantly seeking opportunities to expand my expertise and make a meaningful impact in the world of Electrical Engineering.

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Essay on Biomass Energy Its Advantages and Disadvantages

Biomass is the Greek Word for Life, hence Biomass Energy is nothing but Energy derived from the living things. It is the kind of energy that is received from the Organic Matter. It is the energy that one gets from the living beings. It is an industry term as well where it means that the energy is derived from the burning of wood and different organic matter. The biomass energy generates Carbon di Oxide, which can be used by the plants to regrow and helps in its regrowth. The biomass energy system is very famous in the coal power industry where they switch from coal to biomass only to convert the energy into renewable energy and they don’t waste any energy and doesn’t harm any plants and the infrastructure as well. Biomass mainly refers the plants and the plant-based materials. The cycle of nature has to be completed to generate biomass and there are various kinds of materials that are used to convert the biomass into energy like combustion, Gasification, bio-digestion, Pyrolysis, Fermentation, and many other ways. there are many advantages and disadvantages of biomass energy.

Advantages of Biomass Energy

• Biomass Energy is a renewable form of Energy – The biomass Energy that is generated is the renewable form of energy because of the organic material that is used to produce this and the product can be used over and over again. The materials used are wood, garbage, sewage sludge, crop waste, and manure which is non-stop produced by the people and all these materials can be used again and again.
• It controls the Carbon content – the biomass energy is a natural part of the carbon cycle and it takes care of the excessive amount of carbon that is released by the people.
• It is widely available – The Biomass Energy is wildly available just like the solar energy and the wind energy. It can be found in any corner of the world without any problems and there is no lack of the supply of the biomass energy.
• Biomass Energy is comparatively cheaper than fossil fuels – The biomass energy as compared to the fossil fuels are cheaper and are also easily available.
• It minimizes the dependence on the Electricity – The Biomass Energy can be produced by anyone and it can be easily produced at homes, which can be used as the back-ups of Electricity in times of needs and one does not has to depend only on the power supply.

Disadvantages of Biomass Energy

• Not very clean – The biomass energy is produced from the waste products and therefore sometimes it is not very clean like other gases and energy. The excessive usage of biomass energy may save on carbon dioxide but it produces Methane, which is very harmful to the Ozone Layer.
• The risk of deforestation can increase – With the increased use of biomass energy the risk of deforestation might increase and it can make a lot of birds and animals homeless.
• Needs a lot of water – The biomass energy needs a lot of energy for the process and during the scarcity of water it becomes a problem.
• Less efficient than fossil fuel – No matter how good the Biomass Energy is, it is less effective than the fossil fuel energy.

Santosh Kumar

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Biomass Uses Essay Sample

Biomass is natural organic matter that can be used as fuel. It has been used for centuries to provide heat, light, and power. Biomass is composed of four main categories: wood, crops, wastes (including sewage), and other biomass sources like manure, animal bones, or carcasses. Biomass is an extremely important part of the energy mix in the United States with biomass providing about 40% of our renewable electricity generation capacity; it also provides significant amounts of heating and cooling in buildings across the country.

Essay Sample On Biomass Uses

• Thesis Statement – Biomass Uses Essay
• Introduction – Biomass Uses Essay
• Conventional sources of energy VS. Bio-mass
• Types of Biomass energy
• Strengths of biomass fuel
• Weakness of biomass
• Public issues related to the usage of biomass as a source of energy
• Conclusion – Biomass Uses Essay

Thesis Statement – Biomass Uses Essay Biomass energy is a clean form of renewable energy that can be used to power homes, cook food, and produce heat. Biomass is a plant-based material that can be grown in intense situations without taking away from the farmland or food production. Introduction – Biomass Uses Essay In today’s scenario, there are several issues in front of the world’s society that are very crucial. Availability of sources of energy is one of the important issues. The world is facing a strong threat related to the production of energy and sources of energy. As technology is progressing rapidly, the need for energy is increasing is also at a fast pace. But the source of energy is very limited. The conventional sources of energy, for example, coal, petroleum, firewood, and many more. But the main disadvantage related to these types of sources is that the conventional sources of energy are limited and non-renewable. Because of this reason, the excessive usage of these sources presents a major threat of scarcity of energy in the future perspective. This threat related to energy sources calls for serious attention from scientists and researchers. About this, scientists and researchers are trying to search for new, innovative, and non-conventional sources of energy. There are several non-conventional sources of energy which is generally used in today’s scenario. These non-conventional sources are including solar energy, wind energy, hydro energy, bio-energy, etc. There are several different advantages and disadvantages related to the usage of these sources. As these sources are new for international society, several different issues are also engaged with these types of sources of energy. These sources are renewable and reusable. Furthermore, in the list of non-conventional sources of energy, bio-energy is one of the most prominent types of energy which is generated by biomass. The usage of biomass as the source of energy has emerged as an important topic for debate in front of scholars and researchers across the globe. There are several important issues related to the topic. There are various strengths of this source of energy because of which the source is recommended and preferred to conventional sources of energy by researchers and scientists. Vis-a-Vis, there is also some weakness of this source of energy which is making use of this source of energy more complex and difficult (Biomass, 2010). The paper is aimed to present an analysis of the bio-mass as the source of energy. For this purpose, various strengths and weaknesses of bio-fuel are detailed in the paperwork. The paperwork is also trying to make it clear that whether the usage of bio-mass will be beneficial for international society or it is just a wastage of time and money, which is spending heavily in the research and development of biomass as a source of energy. Further, the strengths and weaknesses of the bio-mass are detailed in the context of the conventional sources of energy, so that a clear comparison between the conventional sources of energy and the bio-mass energy can be carried out, clearly. The paper is also aimed to detail some of the important issues related to the usage of bio-mass as non-conventional sources of energy. The paperwork is providing some important insight information related to bio-mass and concerned issues so that the reader can get comprehensive knowledge about the topic. Get Non-Plagiarized Custom Essay on Biomass Uses in USA Order Now Main Body – Biomass Uses Essay Conventional sources of energy VS. Bio-mass Conventional sources of energy are the sources of energy, which are used by human society traditionally. These are the sources that are provided by nature and are limited in quantity. These are the non-reusable sources of energy which implies that once these sources get over, there is no possibility of regaining these sources. These conventional sources of energy include coal, lignite, peat, petroleum, and natural gas. These sources have been primarily used for obtaining energy to provide heat, light, and power for many years. On the other hand, Bio-mass is an inevitable form of non-conventional source of energy. This is a renewable source of energy. Basically, through this type of source, biological energy is primarily used for the production of heat or the generation of electricity. For this purpose, different biological matter from living and recently dead biological organisms are extracted in various forms such as wood, alcoholic fuel, biological wastage, hydrogen gas, etc. Fundamentally, the Bio-mass is recognized as various matters extracted from the living plant. These plant-driven materials which are then used as the source of energy are mainly the product of the photosynthetic reaction. Besides it, woody plants, remainders of farming, residues of forestry such as dead trees, dry leaves, dry branches of the tree, etc. which can be used for burning as fuel, various organic compounds from the living organism, and industrial wastes. Earlier, biomass was used in the form of firewood but in today’s scenario, the other forms of biomass such as wood, dugs, forestry, and agricultural wastage are also used widely as an important source of energy. Biomass is actually the form of all the organisms on the earth. Biomass is also included as the wastage of living plant and animal organisms. Biomass converts solar energy into chemical energy. The biomass collects and stores the energy from the sun i.e. solar energy. When the Biomass is used, this solar energy is subjected to conversion in the form of chemical or thermal energy. In the case when the biomass is subjected to burn, eat and digest, the energy of the biomass is subjected to release. The energy which is released from the biomass is known as bio-energy. This form of energy can be used in various general and specific usage such as heating, cooking, generation of electricity, lightning. But now in today’s scenario, the span of Biomass energy is subjected to increase. Earlier, Biomass energy was used primarily in rural areas. Because of several advantages of biomass energy, the usage of biomass energy is significant, increasing in urban areas, small and medium scale industries (Biomass, 2010). Types of Biomass energy As it is mentioned earlier, the span of Biomass energy has become much broader and the number of different forms of Biomass energy is also available. Biomass energy primarily can be divided into five different and important classes which are detailed below: Virgin Wood –  Basically, Virgin wood is known as the woods and other woody matters of plants such as branches, barks and trunks, wood chips, and sawdust. In this type of wood, there is no kind of chemical treatments exposed to finishing. This type of wood contains only natural substances. Various physical and chemical characteristics of this type of wood vary according to their source plant. Physically, virgin wood is natural, untreated, and clean. Because of the harvesting and growing process, various physical inclusions such as mud, stones, etc are also included with these types of woody materials. Further, in the absence of any external treatment, there are various internal chemical kinds of stuff from the soil, water, air, and various pesticides in the form of heavy metals, halogens, and minerals that are also found in this type of wood. But the level of these types of chemical agents in the wood is very low. Energy crops –  Energy crops are the crops that are cultivated to obtain biological fuel in the form of biological petrol. Several different crops are farmed because of their fuel value. These energy crops are also including various food crops such as sugarcane, corn, and many other non-food crops, for example, various popular woody trees and switch grasses such as Miscanthus and Pennisetum purpureum (elephant grass). The farming of various energy crops requires low investments and maintenance. These energy crops contain a higher amount of carbohydrate content. Because of these reasons, various energy crops including maize, Sudan grass are used for the production of Biogas. Agricultural residues –  In this category, various remainders, from agriculture are included. There are two different types of residues of Agriculture namely dry residues and wet residues. In the dry residues category, various substances that have a minimum content of water such as straws, dry crops, where the wet residues consist of substances that are having water contents such as animal slurry. Food waste –  These are the wastes of food that take place in hotels, restaurants, and individual houses. Again, this type of biomass can be differentiated into two different categories namely dry and wet wastage. These wastages have a higher degree of carbohydrate contents. For this reason, this can be used primarily for the production of biogas. Industrial waste and co-products –  There are various woody and non-woody materials that are produced as the byproducts of various industrial processes and manufacturing operations. These co-products are the industrial wastages that can be used as biomass fuel (What is BIOMASS? 2008). Strengths of biomass fuel The usage of biomass as a prominent source of energy is increasing rapidly day by day. There are several prominent strengths of biomass fuel because this biomass is preferred over conventional sources of energy. These strengths are detailed below: Less Pollutive source of energy – the Increasing rate of pollution is the major reason for worry in front of world society. Because of the increasing pollution, several environmental problems such as the greenhouse effect, increasing temperature of the earth, and climate change. The usage of fossil fuel or petroleum products is the main reason for air pollution. When fossil fuel is used, it leaves a higher amount of carbon footprint in the air. The usage of biomass sources of energy leads to fewer carbon prints in the environments as compared to conventional sources of energy. Further, the biomass sources of energy emit less harmful gases in the environment. Especially less emission of sulfur, which is very harmful to human society from the health perspective, in the environment, takes place in the case of biomass energy. For this prominent reason, biomass energy is used widely.   Cost efficiency –  The biomass sources of energy are comparatively more cost-efficient than conventional sources of energy. A less expensive setup is required for the production of energy from biomass sources. Furthermore, when biomass is oxidized for the production of energy, it produces less ash in comparison to coal. Less production of ash leads to less disposal cost. It also helps the industries to cut down their requirements of land where this ash can be dumped. Due to this reason for industrial purposes, bio-mass is now preferred and recommended in place of coal. Further, the ash produced because of the combustion of biomass is not as harmful as ash from coal combustion. Moreover, biomass ash is also having various recycled benefits, because of which the ash is used for the amendment of soil in farmland. Effective and efficient use of wastes –  Various biological wastes are the prominent source of biomass energy. This implies that for the production of biomass energy there is no need for specific raw material. Various biological products which are generally considered as garbage and wastes can be used for the production of energy. In today’s environment, million-ton garbage is produced from livestock, agriculture, industrial or manufacturing processes, and households. Dumping this waste or garbage is a complex problem. This garbage is used for the production of biomass energy. There is plenty of availability of this type of biological wastes, thus the production of biomass has become easier in comparison to various conventional sources of energy such as fossil fuel, natural gas, etc. which are available in a limited amount. Support of government –  Biomass energy contains several different advantages. These are also providing several different benefits to the government and society. For this purpose, this type of energy source is promoted by the government. The government is making a lot of efforts for making biomass energy popular. For encouraging the cultivation of energy crops, the U.S. Department of Agriculture is running a Conservation Reserve Program (CRP). Through this program, the government is also trying to control soil erosion and chemical runoff. The government has marked the land under the Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) which is specially reserved for the energy crops on which the crop other than energy crop will not be permitted. Because of the strong support of the government, biomass energy sources have plenty of opportunities for the future perspective. In conditions where the world is facing severe threats related to the scarcity of conventional sources of energy such as petroleum products, the sources of biomass energy can be proved as the important and most economic sources of energy for the government. Social and political supports –  Various sources of biomass energy are also backed by the social and political environment of the country. As climate change has emerged as a serious issue in front of international society, there is a kind of political pressure on every country for decreasing the level of pollutions. In this scenario, the countries are supporting the means of non-conventional energy such as biomass. From the social perspective also, the usage of biomass energy sources contains greater strengths. Biomass energy sources are more popular in rural areas than conventional sources of energy. These sources are supported by socialists also because these sources create and retain more jobs in the rural economy. It also encourages agricultural practices which lead to providing full-time employment to people of rural areas. Furthermore, the agriculture of the energy crops provides a sort of diversity to the farmer, because of which the dependency of a farmer over a particular type of crop decreases. The agriculture of these types of crops is relatively cheaper. These types of crops also have high resistance against diseases. All these reasons impose farmers to farm these types of energy crops (Environmental and Social Benefits/Costs of Biomass Plantations, n.d.). In this way, these all presented strengths of biomass over conventional sources of energy provide a broad scope of non-conventional sources of energy. Weakness of biomass In the above section of the paper, several different strengths of biomass are described. But as every coin has two different parts, biomass energy is also having certain disadvantages which become the prominent weakness of this type of non-conventional source of energy. Because of these disadvantages, despite having several different advantages over conventional sources of energy, the biomass sources of energy are not as much as popular as other sources of energy. Some of the prominent weaknesses of biomass energy and its sources are listed below: Availability of biomass crops –  The biggest and utmost weakness of biomass is that various energy crops which are the major sources of biomass energy can not be available for the whole year. As with the other crops, a particular energy crop can only be grown in a particular season of the year. Further, various woody trees are very slow growing by nature. Because of these reasons, availability has become one of the most prominent weaknesses of biomass energy sources. Whereas the conventional sources of energy such as petrol, natural gas, and coal are not seasonable and can be retrieved at any season of the year however the quantity of these types of sources is limited. Collection of biomass –  as is mentioned earlier that animal and industrial waste and garbage can be used for the production of biomass energy, it is necessary to collect this waste and garbage. But the collection of this type of waste is not an easy task. It demands a lot of effort from the government and people. For the collection of the waste, the administration of cities must employ pre-specified drainage and sewerage system, which leads to extra expenses of government. The requirement of agricultural land – For farming of the energy crops there is a requirement of the land. In today’s scenario where it becomes difficult to provide adequate living space due to the increasing population, it is very hard to provide adequate space for farming such types of crops. For replacing fossil fuel with biofuel there is a need for vast agricultural land. This agricultural land can also be used for feeding a large population of the world. The extra cost for processing the waste – Not only a collection of wastes and garbage is a critical task, but the further process and recycling of this waste is also a complex task. There is a need for installing various new technologies for compacting, splintering, and shredding biomass which is available in huge quantities. These new technologies are costly. Because of this reason, the establishment of the biomass energy project is not an easy task.  Unawareness about the source –  In the present scenario, the level of awareness among common people about biomass energy sources is very is low. Although, the government is employing various projects for encouraging the usage of biomass energy still people prefer to use conventional sources of energy because these sources are easily available and ready for use.  Low energy density –  various researchers and studies have shown the energy density which is provided by biofuel is less than the energy density which is provided by conventional sources of energy such as coal, petroleum products, and natural gas. This implies that a higher amount of biomass is needed for the production of energy.  Emission of greenhouse gases –  Biomass is an organic matter which is used for the production of energy and when an organic compound burns, it emits the carbon-di-oxide. Which is a greenhouse gas? Because of this reason the biomass is also a source of air pollution. For avoiding this problem, there is a need for a special kind of technology which is known as Exhaust gas cleaning technology. But such type of technologies is not as much efficient and economically viable in the case of small energy plants. Transportation –  Furthermore, the transportation of biomass energy sources is not as much easy as conventional sources of energy such as coal (Biomass Energy Disadvantages, n.d.). These are some important weaknesses of biomass fuel which are the main cause of the less popularity of these types of energy sources In comparison to various conventional sources of energy. Public issues related to the usage of biomass as a source of energy There are a lot of advantages and disadvantages related to biomass energy sources. There are different public issues are also engaged with the use of biomass energy source which is needed to be considered by the government of the country. First of all, the issue related to the sustainability of these types of energy sources. There is a need for a higher and well-diversified biological ecosystem and a high level of forestry and agricultural production so that adequate stock of organic matter can be available. For this reason, the deforestation and degradation of the forest are growing rapidly. This scenario raises an important issue related to the management and governance of forests, especially in developing countries. The excessive usage of the land is also put an important issue in front of the international society. For increasing the usage of biomass sources of energy, there is a need for vast agricultural land. This requirement calls for the deforestation and use of agricultural land for the production of various types of energy crops in place of crops that are necessary for feeding a large population. The excessive usage of the land for the production of energy crops also results in the decreased productivity of the land which is very harmful to the farmer. The government needs to take some steps for addressing this issue in the most efficient manner (Sustainability of Biomass: Report, 2010). Furthermore, identifying the role of biomass sources in the country’s future energy projects is also an important point that needs a lot of considerations and effort from the government. How much investment will be adequate for biomass energy products, how much benefit, the country can have with help of these sources, which entity will be benefited the most by the employment of these projects, what will be the outcomes and problems related with projects how it can be overcome? These are some questions which are needed to be answered by the government of the country (Lynd, 2007). Buy Customized Essay on Biomass Uses At Cheapest Price Order Now Conclusion – Biomass Uses Essay Biomass sources of energy are an important type of non-conventional source of energy. The paper has presented various aspects related to this type of source of energy. Based on the review of the paper, it can be concluded that biomass energy sources can be an important means for answering various environmental challenges which are presenting a major threat in front of the international society. In the present situation, because of the increasing need for energy, the usage of conventional sources of energy is also subjected to increase rapidly. But these conventional sources such as petrol, natural gas, coal, and fossil fuel are found in limited quantity in nature. Because of this, there is a need for a more sustainable source of energy. For accomplishing this need, biomass energy sources can be a prominent option. Biomass energy is produced with the help of various organic matter which is extracted from a living or dead organism. For this purpose, the waste and garbage of living animals and industries are also very important raw materials for the production of biomass energy. In the paper, there are several advantages and strengths of this type of source of energy also described. These strengths are the characteristics of the biomass sources of energy which make the sources more valuable and unique. Further, there are certain shortcomings and weaknesses of this type of source of the energy such as availability, transportation, collection, and many more also detailed in the paper. For making the sources more viable and feasible, it is necessary to find a solution to these problems. There are several public-related issues also engaged with the usage of this type of source of energy. For the better and efficient usage of this type of energy, the government should address these issues in a well and efficient manner. References Biomass Energy Disadvantages. (n.d.). Retrieved, November 25, 2010, from http://www.alternative-energy-resources.net/biomass-energy-disadvantages.html BIOMASS. (2010). Retrieved, November 25, 2010, from http://www.climate.org/topics/clean-energy/biomass.html Environmental and Social Benefits/Costs of Biomass Plantations. (n.d.). Retrieved, November 25, 2010, from http://bioenergy.ornl.gov/reports/fuelwood/chap4.html Lynd, L. (2007). Testimony Before the Senate Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry. Retrieved, November 25, 2010, from http://engineering.dartmouth.edu/biomass/LyndSenateAg07-3.pdf Sustainability of Biomass: Report. (2010). Retrieved, November 25, 2010, from http://www.euissuetracker.com/en/focus/Pages/Sustainability-of-Biomass-Report.aspx What is BIOMASS? (2008). Retrieved, November 25, 2010, from http://www.biomassenergycentre.org.uk/portal/page?pageid=75,17304&_dad=portal&_schema=PORTAL Hire USA Experts for Biomass Uses Essay Order Now  

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