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IELTS Essay on Art and Culture: Samples

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Updated on 27 February, 2024

upGrad Abroad Team

Upgrad abroad editorial team.

The essays in International English Language Testing System (IELTS) exams come with specific themes and topics that aspirants have to write on. IELTS essay on Art and Culture   is one of the common topics that you can practice while preparing for the IELTS exam. The minimum word limit for it is 250 words, while there is no upper limit. Candidates should aim to complete the essays within a maximum of 40 minutes.

Table of Contents

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Why Should Current Education Models Include Art and Culture?

Art is so much more than a medium of expression. While it helps local craftspeople promote their creativity and culture, developing synergy between different communities is essential. Beyond culture, art also promotes people's cognitive abilities and critical skills, especially in children. If art is excluded from the academic curriculum, a child will face difficulties adapting to new cultures and environments. 

Art helps the younger generation adopt a diverse opinion set and successfully influences people towards the roots of society. It is also scientifically proven that art can help in reducing interdisciplinary actions, increasing attendance, and helping kids respond better in classrooms. However, some people can argue against the cause by replacing art lessons with academic concepts. In my opinion, eliminating art from school programs is another way to invite trouble and make education boring. With art, kids have the opportunity to bond with each other and creatively present their ideas. 

It is believed that children have gifted creative abilities, and regular art lessons can help stimulate their intellect. In the earlier stages of life, kids often find it challenging to catch up with linguistic capabilities and problem-solving skills. However, art helps simplify basic concepts, thus strengthening their overall academic acumen. It does not mean that academics should entirely be replaced by art. Both entities are equally important and must be essential for school coursework. However, if taught together, academics and art can bring a new change in a kid's life by giving them a healthy balance of all subjects. 

Apart from academic development, art is also linked to improved emotional intelligence in children. All art forms help stimulate emotions and present 21st-century educators with an innovative way to help kids think better. Teachers can also use art to explain scientific topics in an improved manner. For example, kids are more likely to learn basic mathematics if they see diagrammatic representation rather than just writing numbers on their notebooks. 

To conclude, we can say that schools must include art in the coursework. While some people believe it will distract and poorly affect kids' grades, it is not entirely true. Art helps kids connect with their culture at the root level and brings a sense of belonging. Overall, students can also express their values more clearly, thus making it easy for parents and teachers to track their progress.

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More and More People are Turning Towards Technology and Business. How and Why should we Promote Art and Culture?

Art has presented a medium for different cultures to express their values and connect. As a result, we come across an array of art forms all across the globe. All these forms are interrelated and possess similarities and dissimilarities. While art has played a crucial role in connecting society, we also notice more people turning to science, technology, and business sectors. 

This shift in priorities can be attributed to the lack of basic infrastructure and an everlasting need to improve the lifestyle. People believe that art is a mere expression form and not a means of adding value and character to their lives. While it is easy to admire a canvas painting or a marble sculpture, it does not improve the way our society operates. For example, a science degree is likely to get a well-paid job in a multinational corporation compared to an art degree. However, it is not entirely true. Art has given most communities a way to sustain their cultural values. Additionally, it has also been a source of revenue for underprivileged communities and resulted in their cultural and financial empowerment. Therefore, authorities must take the proper steps to promote and revive gradually disappearing art forms. 

Government can take the much-needed steps to promote art by organizing cultural events and opening more national galleries. A formal acknowledgment and celebration of the art form will help create more awareness of the cause. 

While technology has presented people with a way to connect, it has also created a more extensive community divide by acting as a two-edged sword. Art can help fill that void and bring together a larger proportion of people. Technology has made all forms of content more accessible. It has ultimately resulted in shorter attention spans. But with the promotion of art and culture at the root level, we can expect more development in our cognitive abilities and problem-solving skills. 

In conclusion, we can safely say that art is losing popularity and importance as it does not help people scale their careers. However, there is a growing need for the promotion of art. It helps us connect to our cultural roots and presents us with a way to express our thoughts and ideas. Government should focus on allotting a separate budget for the art and culture sector and provide more job opportunities in the same field. 

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IELTS Writing Task 2 Topic: Art and culture & Technology

Updated On Mar 05, 2024

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The Essay Writing section of the IELTS Writing Module can be a difficult task for many IELTS Aspirants. Thus, it is vital that you polish your essay writing skills before attempting the IELTS.

Below is a sample IELTS Essay for the IELTS Essay topic:

In today’s world of advanced science and technology, we still greatly value our artists such as musicians, painters and w riters. What can arts tell us about life that science and technology cannot?

Direct question essay.

Introduction

• Paraphrase the question of the essay (In this modern era of nonstop scientific and technological advancement, artists still  command profound respect from people worldwide.)
• State what can be expected in the answer (There are a number of things about life that the arts can teach us that science and technology fail to do so.)
• Paragraph 1: Many forms of art, especially literature, can deliver messages about the appreciation of what we have in life as well as life itself. Hundreds of literary works choose to depict misery, misfortune, and sorrow that still exist in many places, and this sends the strongest message to those who do not appreciate their lives.
• Paragraph 2: Arts teach us to cherish the beauty of culture and are the fuel for our spiritual lives. This is extremely important in a world where science and technology seem to fade our belief in the gravity of culture in daily life.

Conclude your answer by concisely summing up (Although science and technology advance our understanding of all things and better our lives, arts can touch us to a much deeper extent, help us value what we have, and remind us of the significance of our culture.)

Sample Essay

In this modern era of nonstop scientific and technological advancement, artists still command profound respect from people worldwide. There are a number of things about life that the arts can teach us that science and technology fail to do so.

Many forms of art, especially literature, can deliver messages about the appreciation of what we have in life as well as life itself. Hundreds of literary works choose to depict misery, misfortune, and sorrow that still exist in many places, and this sends the strongest message to those who do not appreciate their lives. “The Goldfinch”, for example, which narrates a resonant story about the miserable life the main character led after the unfortunate death of his mother does make each one of us wonder whether we have become heartless toward our own loved ones. And I doubt that there are any technologies in the world that could manage to convey such powerful messages .

Arts teach us to cherish the beauty of culture and are t he fuel for our spiritual lives . This is extremely important in a world where science and technology seem to fade our belief in the gravity of culture in daily life. The connection between arts and culture is here to stay, and traditional music and ancient paintings can remind us of where we came from and who we are at present. That is to say, our cultural identity is preserved in various forms of art.

Although science and technology advance our understanding of all things and better our lives , arts can touch us to a much deeper extent , help us value what we have, and remind us of the significance of our culture.

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The strides and incredible advances science has made today is greater and mightier than ever before. However, art and culture are distinct niches altogether that can’t ever be overshadowed by the pace science has been moving forthwith and that is why artists are profoundly acknowledged and revered.

The essence of art and culture dates back to as long as human civilization has ever existed. The murals and paintings of Ajanta Ellora caves by themselves steadfast in the presence of art for a long time. It is undeniably true and inevitably essential that human brains as reportedly so, can’t execute well without the secretion of Dopamine, Oxytocin, Endorphins and serotonin, which are indeed triggered by art and music. In fact, as compared to the medications and antidepressants used for people undergoing hypertension and depression or other relevant mental anomalies, music has often be touted much more efficacious with no side effects at all.

Poetry, painting, narration, literature too, as a matter of fact, are unparalleled with regards to expounding and depicting human emotions, which can never be superseded by technologies ever. People often consider literature or other nuance of culture as slightly unpragmatic, which is a completely irrational argument. Intellectual demonstration of agony, euphoria, melancholy or exhilaration, is in no way, impractical. The folk tales, bedlams and even religion is one way or the other, related to the subtlety of art itself. Hence, is undoubtedly essential.

Conclusively, it may be stated that though science could say a lot about “What is life?”, however, it fails to impart “How to live?”, which is aptly and had always been in the past, entailed by art and culture.

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Posted on Dec 18, 2023

In today’s world of advanced science and technology, we still greatly value our artists such as musicians, painters and writers. What can arts tell us about life that science and technology cannot?

In today’s era, people are much more rational than before as the advent of remarkable digital tools result from the feats of science and technology such as AI and digital machine have improved people’s life dramatically and people tend to make more informed decision owing to the augmentation of AI-based applications. On the other hand, gradually, the presence of arts and literature fade away as the contribution of poets, artists, and musicians is not highly appreciated. In fact, arts can teach us some essential values which technology cannot replicate.

As an origin, the artists tend to deliver inherent messages through their artworks. It provides emotional appeal to others if someone who is adept at interpreting art may acknowledge the exact values that author wants to convey. Nevertheless, as many people do not understand art thoroughly, people are failed to capture the lessons or values that can be applied to real life setting. Meanwhile, there are some learnt beliefs or values that people could not experience as these instilled values might be useful for the human development. For instance, by listening to Mozart’s music, someone can understand the authentic emotion of the composer at that moment and here is where building empathy originating. Besides, the word usage and a variety of expressive words used by the ancient writes describes the feelings and emotional states of the individual. Therefore, social values can be cultivated through the proper interpretation of arts.

Furthermore, arts and literary works enable individual to unleash one’s creativity as someone stimulates his neural networks to gain inspiration by attending a classical music concert. As a fact, the innovation always starts from how people imitate other’s pieces of work and improvise the work into a masterpiece. Apart from improvisation, the understanding of arts also aids in the psychological therapy. A good example is the psychologist is predicting the emotional and mental state of an individual through patient’s drawings. Apart from that, people tend to stay calm when they listen to slow rhythm music. With regards to that, it shows that a good music helps in the relaxation process and heals someone’s soul eventually as each person’s emotion is reverberating to how music plays in his or her ears. Therefore, a good grasp of art or music knowledge certainly helps in curing people’s emotional illness. Owing to music therapy, it is more effective than conventional treatment and medications to get rid someone from depression.

In conclusion, there are unthinkable benefits that art can contribute to the society evolution. It is our responsibility to fathom our life origins regardless of cultures, races, traditions, costumes, and nations. Without presence of art, our cultural identity does not exist. Hence, arts and culture study should be inserted into the school curriculum as we need to know the past to predict the future.

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Posted on Dec 19, 2023

Overall Band: 5 Writer needs to work on Grammar and Vocabulary, as the written answer has a limited range of Vocabulary and Grammar.

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Posted on Oct 25, 2021

It is with no doubt that the credit for the advancement of human civilization from the stone age to the digital era that we live in today can be accounted to the developments in science and technology. However , our intellectual development can only be attributed to myriad art forms be it in the past or present. Technology may have made homo sapiens superior to any living being on earth but it is unequivocal that it is art which makes us all humane. Regions across the world are united by ballads , different kinds of dance forms, exemplary literature etc . Although we all be significantly different from one another , we all come together to appreciate the beauty of art as art and its beauty is universal . The benefits bestowed on us by technology may be numerous such as it has made cross country trade easier , communication faster , developed social standards in general although what still remains in this modern era is the primitive art forms which dates back to millions of years ago and still holds its place in today’s world. Art makes us ponder on various issues such as misery , love , genocide ,beauty etc which makes us rethink our whole values which forms the whole basis of our existence . A presentation on World War II may be made available by a desktop and transmitted to a wide range of people via the internet where by the statistics of the number of people who died and the places of where each mishap happened can be stated as facts However in order to invoke in the minds of people the feelings of hardships and suffering that was faced by those Jews back then could only be conveyed maybe by a film , a musical composition or a book written on it. Therefore as much as we can go on and on about how technology has transformed the way how we live what we must not forget is that it is art which makes us stay grounded to our roots from where we came from and makes living worthwhile.

Overall band: 5.0

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Posted on Oct 15, 2021

The world has seen a lot of changes & transformation since the ‘Renaissance Man’ to the present age ‘Information Man’. Science and technology have not left even the Moon untouched but the one common thing that has remained constant and lingered around is the world of ‘Art’.

Over the years science and technology has shown the world many advancements. Be it the invention of electricity or the internet, or the development of vaccines to advanced medicines but one thing which art can teach us, which science and technology can never do and that one thing is telling us about life.

Art can teach us many valuable lessons of life. It tells us about how varied has been our culture. This is well demonstrated and documented in the performing arts over the years. Art teaches us about values, principles and ethics in life which no science or technology can teach us. Through the ancient scriptures and dance forms we have been able to get a glimpse of our ancient history and civilisations, the way of life during the golden era, an era which has taught us many values which are prevalent even to this day. Had it not been for ‘Arts’, human race would have long wiped them and forgotten them.

The symphonies of yester years are cherished even now. Famous symphonies of Beethowen have not lost their relevance till now. Such soothing music, which is again a piece of art tells us to slow down and enjoy every moment of the this wonderful life.

It is said that painting can be a great stress buster. If we had forgotten this beautiful expression in our mad race to advancements, we would have by now become robots and not remained humans. I firmly believe that it is only due to ‘Arts’ which has kept the ‘Human’ in us alive so far.

Thus to conclude I would like to reiterate that ‘Art’ can teach us many valuable life lessons which ‘Science and technology’ cannot and hence the importance of ‘Art’ in our lives.

Posted on Oct 17, 2021

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Art writing task 2 questions for IELTS

Here you can find common IELTS essay questions for "Art" topic.

For a long time art has been considered an essential part of all cultures in the world. However, nowadays people’s values have changed, and we tend to consider science, technology and business more important than arts.

What do you think are the causes of this?

What can be done to draw people’s attention to art?

The government's investment in arts, music and theatre is a waste of money. Governments should invest these funds in public services instead.

To what extent do you agree with this statement?

Studying art in school improves students' performance in other subjects, because it is easier for multi-skilled students to learn new things. That's why art should be obligatory in schools.

Do you agree or disagree?

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Art is Considered an Essential Part of All Cultures: A Topic of IELTS Essay

The essay for IELTS Writing Task 2 is something that a lot of students are scared of. You must write about 250 words in a proper format and this should be finished in approximately 40 minutes because you also need to do the Writing Task 1 in the first 20 minutes of the one-hour writing test.

Follow the IELTS essay on the topic Art is Considered an Essential Part of All Cultures below to get a good idea about the format.

Essay Writing Sample 1

Art is a significant cultural heritage that represents individuality and expresses national characteristics, practices and customs. Even though its value, involvement and general engagement in art have been diminishing in recent times, technological innovation is more significant. It is possible to recognize certain causes of this indifference, but there are approaches to improve the perspective.

Put Facts or Examples

There are some major factors why focus and mindset towards technology have been transformed into technological sectors. With that being said, painting as a career does not promise a high income. Individuals decide to work certain occupations which are more important and in need in the industry, such as physicists.

Furthermore, individuals rely greatly on technology, as devices promote everyday activities, healthcare aid detect and manage illnesses, and make our country more comfortable in particular. People began to establish scientific realms by studying the advantages and successes of technology. Humanity chooses technological and business expertise, instead of creative skills, because of these advantages.

To question positively, certain tasks should be carried out. In relation to the findings of its significance and improved creative ability among young adolescents, the government could initially encourage museums and galleries or art-related areas in schooling.   Empathic attractions, productions of musical theatre, string quartets and dramas would also inspire and generate a willingness towards cultivating arts in culture.

ALSO READ: Ace Crime Essay in IELTS: All You Should Know about Writing Task 2 Related to Crime

People are busy with their day to day life, and congested lives, and in any of their free time, they do not want to spend their free time visiting a museum or art galleries. Management will also open community centres in the evening or plan events that give people chances to visit on holidays. Such remedies will boost the existing scenario and shift the optimistic outlook towards painting.

In conclusion, art can be considered as a vital part of our lives that has lost its appeal. Even so, the dilemma can be addressed with the correct steps by citizens and it’s government.

Essay Writing Sample 2

A vital impact of social identity is art. And as such, art constitutes an integral part of cultures all over the world. These days, nevertheless, not that many individuals are involved in the arts. The great majority of people are currently leaning toward areas such as history, technologies and industry. Because they deliver great work opportunities, the primary factor for this is the profits generated after studying these topics.

Even so, once the agencies take just several steps in conjunction with the wider public, this issue can be addressed.

Individuals lack appreciation of art because they do not treat it as a realistic subject. In other terms, in a global corporation, practising art cannot allow anyone to achieve a decent career.

ALSO READ: Advantage Disadvantage IELTS Essay Topics: Sample Questions and Answers for Better Preparation

Include Facts or Examples

Especially in comparison to those working in the industry and technology fields, many musicians fail to secure their living. It is believed that working on topics other than painting is a gateway to performance.

Art has been the foundation of every society, nevertheless. The loss of confidence in the art would inevitably contribute to the demise of the globe’s rich history and culture. The government is providing to rekindle young peoples’ interest in the subject. By building art schools and sustaining museums and galleries, the officials can assign budgets for the creation of the art sector. The organization of cultural activities would establish opportunities for many and draw many visitors.

Conclude Your Essay

Growing visitor numbers would help to raise additional profits. For people to seek art as a hobby and a fulfilling career, the improved employment opportunities would serve as a lift.

In regarding career opportunities, issues such as engineering, innovation and industry are enticing, however, art can be a source of livelihoods too. For the survival of art, the joint efforts of the government and citizens are necessary.

If you are a good thinker with strong brainstorming skills, IELTS essaying writing is a test where you can score a good band score. To write a perfect essay you need to keep certain points in your mind. Your essay has to start with catchy lines. The essay must have good facts or examples to prove certain points.

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Art Essay Titles

The topic of Art in IELTS Writing Task 2. All essay questions below are reported and repeated over the years. Regardless of the years the questions were reported, you could get any question below in your test. You should, therefore, prepare ideas for all questions. The topics below could appear in both GT and Academic IELTS Writing Task 2.

Art Essay Questions for IELTS Writing Task 2

Some people think that the government is wasting money on the arts and that this money could be better spent elsewhere. To what extent do you agree with this view? (frequently repeated topic)

Many people think that museums and galleries should only show work from local artists rather than work from other countries. Do you agree? (2021, 2022)

Art is considered an essential part of all cultures throughout the world. However, these days fewer and fewer people appreciate art and turn their focus to science, technology and business. Why do you think that is? What could be done to encourage more people to take interest in the arts? (2020)

Some people think that art is an essential subject for children at school while others think it is a waste of time. Discuss both sides and give your opinion. (2018, 2019, 2021)

Artists need a certain amount of freedom to develop their creativity. Some people think that artists should have total freedom to express any thoughts and ideas. To what extent do you agree or disagree? (repeated most years)

Most artists earn low salaries and should therefore receive funding from the government in order for them to continue with their work. To what extent do you agree? (repeated most years)

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IELTS Writing Task 2 – Topic: CULTURE

ielts writing topics 2019

1.  Some people think that it is important to have a single language as an international official language. Others think that it will make it difficult to identify countries and cause a loss of culture. What are your opinions on this?  

Sample Answer

With the advent of globalization, a common language to facilitate trade and  communication seems inevitable. Some oppose the development of a single language  on the grounds that it may lead to cultural erosion and a loss of local linguistic  knowledge. Yet, I am of the opinion that it is possible to use an official international  language and still retain one’s own language and culture.

Firstly, many countries already use an official language or languages. For example, in  India there are two official languages: Hindi and English. In a country such as India  where there are innumerable languages spoken, there is a need for official languages to  ensure communication between different sections of the population and the different  states. In China, where different dialects are spoken, Mandarin, the official language,  enables people from different provinces to comprehend each other.

Secondly, in an age of rampant globalization there is no doubt that an international  language is inevitability. How is an African businessman going to conduct business in  China when there are such differences between languages? In this sense, not only is an  international language inevitable, but also a necessity for trade, commerce and  economic expansion in the 21st century.

The critics opposing the adoption of an international official language argue that it would  lead to a loss of cultural identity. However, the use of an international official language  doesn’t mean that local languages will die out. For example, English already functions  as a kind of unofficial international language but this doesn’t mean that people solely  converse in English or they neglect their own language. English is used in specific  contexts (trade, business, etc) and native languages are used for everyday instruction.

In brief, as the world becomes smaller the need for an official international language  seems unavoidable. English has already assumed this role although its status is  unofficial. In my view, the use of either an official or unofficial international language is  necessary to facilitate communication in a time of rapid globalization.

 (330 words)

2.  When people move to another country, some of them decide to follow the customs of the new country. Others prefer to keep their own customs. Compare these two choices. Which one do you prefer? Support your answer with specific details.   

People may choose to keep their old traditions from their native country or to accept  new ones. Keeping the old customs will help one to overcome the cultural shock and  the change of the environment. From the other side, accepting the new traditions will  help one to adapt and make new friends with residents. In this essay I will give different  reasons why people decide to follow the customs of the new country or to keep their  own customs.

If one is from the country with strong and old traditions, I think it will be rather difficult for  him to adapt to the new customs and moreover to reject his own. That is why some  people from the same country try to live together and to create their own community  where the old traditions are kept. They can not break the customs that were created by  their ancestors. For example, some nations are restricted in certain kinds of food by  their traditions. So, they do not go to the restaurants unless their traditional food is  served there. Some nations according to their customs have to wear certain types of  cloth because their religion tells them to do so.

From the other side, if one is from the country with traditions similar to ones of the new  country it will be easy for him to adopt and to follow the customs of the new place. He  will not feel much difference. Probably, the most difficult part of his relocation will be to accustom to the new climate.

I think that people of the new country are friendlier when they see that foreigner follows  their customs. I belief that traditions of every country deserve respect, especially, when  one lives there. In summary, I think that every country has its own beauty and if one  wants to find out more about it he will love it.

 (313 words)

3.  Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Modern technology is creating a single world culture. Use specific reasons and examples to support your opinion.

Man, through the ages, has undergone many changes from the time when he depicted  a herd of mammoths on the walls of the cave to these days when he can chart with  someone on the other side of the globe. Modern technology is rapidly changing the  world’s living standards that results in creating a single world culture. New technologies  including Internet, television, electronic media, means of transportation, etc has a great  impact on creating a similar culture all around the globe. Bellow I will list my reasons to  support my opinion.

First of all, Internet and e-mail have changed the way people communicate to each  other. Internet brought many benefits. It is a new means of communication, a fast  access to information and news. People communicate with each other, share their  ideas, happiness and difficulties. We have a great opportunity to find out more about  countries and their history.

Second of all, the modern means of transportation allows people to move from one  place to another very quickly. A few centuries ago it was impossible to imagine waking  up in one country and falling asleep in another.

Finally, as a result of all mentioned above the boundaries between countries, their  traditions and customs are erased. Many people migrate during their lives. Some of  them are looking for a better place to live, others want to get new experience and  knowledge or just pleasure. So, many families are created between people from  different countries. Traditions fuse and evolve into other ones or just vanish.

To sup up, modern technology has a great impact on the way people live now. It is  creating a new single world culture where traditions and distances are no longer of that  importance.

 (286 words)

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IELTS Essay on Art and Culture: Samples

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Updated on 27 February, 2024

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The essays in International English Language Testing System (IELTS) exams come with specific themes and topics that aspirants have to write on. IELTS essay on Art and Culture   is one of the common topics that you can practice while preparing for the IELTS exam. The minimum word limit for it is 250 words, while there is no upper limit. Candidates should aim to complete the essays within a maximum of 40 minutes.

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Why Should Current Education Models Include Art and Culture?

Art is so much more than a medium of expression. While it helps local craftspeople promote their creativity and culture, developing synergy between different communities is essential. Beyond culture, art also promotes people's cognitive abilities and critical skills, especially in children. If art is excluded from the academic curriculum, a child will face difficulties adapting to new cultures and environments. 

Art helps the younger generation adopt a diverse opinion set and successfully influences people towards the roots of society. It is also scientifically proven that art can help in reducing interdisciplinary actions, increasing attendance, and helping kids respond better in classrooms. However, some people can argue against the cause by replacing art lessons with academic concepts. In my opinion, eliminating art from school programs is another way to invite trouble and make education boring. With art, kids have the opportunity to bond with each other and creatively present their ideas. 

It is believed that children have gifted creative abilities, and regular art lessons can help stimulate their intellect. In the earlier stages of life, kids often find it challenging to catch up with linguistic capabilities and problem-solving skills. However, art helps simplify basic concepts, thus strengthening their overall academic acumen. It does not mean that academics should entirely be replaced by art. Both entities are equally important and must be essential for school coursework. However, if taught together, academics and art can bring a new change in a kid's life by giving them a healthy balance of all subjects. 

Apart from academic development, art is also linked to improved emotional intelligence in children. All art forms help stimulate emotions and present 21st-century educators with an innovative way to help kids think better. Teachers can also use art to explain scientific topics in an improved manner. For example, kids are more likely to learn basic mathematics if they see diagrammatic representation rather than just writing numbers on their notebooks. 

To conclude, we can say that schools must include art in the coursework. While some people believe it will distract and poorly affect kids' grades, it is not entirely true. Art helps kids connect with their culture at the root level and brings a sense of belonging. Overall, students can also express their values more clearly, thus making it easy for parents and teachers to track their progress.

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More and More People are Turning Towards Technology and Business. How and Why should we Promote Art and Culture?

Art has presented a medium for different cultures to express their values and connect. As a result, we come across an array of art forms all across the globe. All these forms are interrelated and possess similarities and dissimilarities. While art has played a crucial role in connecting society, we also notice more people turning to science, technology, and business sectors. 

This shift in priorities can be attributed to the lack of basic infrastructure and an everlasting need to improve the lifestyle. People believe that art is a mere expression form and not a means of adding value and character to their lives. While it is easy to admire a canvas painting or a marble sculpture, it does not improve the way our society operates. For example, a science degree is likely to get a well-paid job in a multinational corporation compared to an art degree. However, it is not entirely true. Art has given most communities a way to sustain their cultural values. Additionally, it has also been a source of revenue for underprivileged communities and resulted in their cultural and financial empowerment. Therefore, authorities must take the proper steps to promote and revive gradually disappearing art forms. 

Government can take the much-needed steps to promote art by organizing cultural events and opening more national galleries. A formal acknowledgment and celebration of the art form will help create more awareness of the cause. 

While technology has presented people with a way to connect, it has also created a more extensive community divide by acting as a two-edged sword. Art can help fill that void and bring together a larger proportion of people. Technology has made all forms of content more accessible. It has ultimately resulted in shorter attention spans. But with the promotion of art and culture at the root level, we can expect more development in our cognitive abilities and problem-solving skills. 

In conclusion, we can safely say that art is losing popularity and importance as it does not help people scale their careers. However, there is a growing need for the promotion of art. It helps us connect to our cultural roots and presents us with a way to express our thoughts and ideas. Government should focus on allotting a separate budget for the art and culture sector and provide more job opportunities in the same field. 

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Essay on Art and Culture for Ielts General Training Task-2

By Jobnearn Tutorials | August 27, 2017

Essay on Art and Culture for Ielts General Training Task-2 is one of the common topics for Essay writing. The topic might change a bit or the type of the essay might also be changed, so accordingly the structure of the essay needs to be restructured. However, the content of the essay can be used to put relevant ideas on the same topic.

Many governments in the world spend large amounts of money on art, which helps to improve the quality of people’s lives. However, governments should spend money on other things rather than art. Do you agree or disagree? Give your opinion.

Approach for the Essay on Art and Culture for Ielts General Training Task-2

It is true that authorities invest a great deal of money in order to preserve art and culture of their country. For some people, the authorities could invest the same effort and money on other development activities but I disagree with this fact that we should allow art and culture of any country to be vanished over the time due to lack of attention.

Firstly, people beyond the borders like to experience different traditions when they visit other country and neatly maintained art and culture attracts more visitors. Tourist pours to United Kingdom during Christmas celebrations from across the world to experience their culture and local celebration. Secondly, this also provides employment to local people who sell handmade items which tourists normally like to purchase. For an example, local people sell potteries, statues, or wall hangings nearby Taj Mahal in India, employs many from the state and which in turn adds to the GDP of the country.

In addition to that, it should be our moral responsibility to maintain the history of the country for the next generation. Help from the authority to the local artists could aid interest among other people as well. New Zealand Government partly funded the production of a locally made movie which emphasizes on their culture. Nevertheless, art and culture is also used for educational purpose for children where schools provide guided tours to local museums to explain them the history of the country. These fun filled learning activities would be missed if authorities do not spend some money in maintaining the museums.

In conclusion, it is not just the responsibility of the Government authority but also the local people of every country to help preserving the art and culture of their country.

Final words

The same essay can be restructured for other type of essays as the topic Art and Culture is very common in the Ielts general training module exam.

essay on art and culture for ielts general training full essay example on art and culture for writing task-2 writing task-2 essay on art and culture

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Culture Essay

by May anne ravis (Philippines)

Can your clothes say something about your culture and character?

Some people say that it is possible to tell a lot about a person’s culture and character from their choice of clothes. Do you agree or disagree? There is a view that clothes selection presumably provide valuable information regards to individual’s personality and cultural belonging. I partially agree with this statement to several opinions, and I will explain why in this essay. On the one hand, it is true that the choice of a dress made by each individual is seldom influenced by their personality or mindset. There are often limits to how much we can discover just by looking at someone’s attire, especially when it comes to their personality. For example, the richest person in the world that is Elon Musk usually wears ordinary clothes according to their wishes and this can't say anything about them. This is because he prefers to wear comfortable ones rather than dress style, and it does not make him lose his prestige because everyone knew that he was rich and smart. On the other hand, I am entirely sure that attires might express the character and culture of people as well. The living environment probably influences the choices of an individual’s body appearance. For instance, urban people presumably has more variety of variations of models and brands, attracting them to have a luxurious lifestyle. In addition, it is also might express the aspect of an individual. Take an example, the motivated and cheerful person commonly apply various colours of attire, but people with serious mental stresses tend to wear dark and untidy garbs. Overall, the selection of models and colours in the dress can be used as a reference in determining the character and culture of a person. This is provided that the clothes can provide comfort when used.

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Cultural Similarities

by buddy (sydney)

Cultures around the world today are more similar than they used to be. What are the reasons? Do you think it is a positive or negative development? In today’s society, people find that culture in everywhere becomes standardisation. There are several reasons that cause this happen, and there are both advantages and disadvantages in relation to this trend. Media is thought to be the main reason that affects culture. Nowadays, most Asian countries can easily access to western culture through media platforms. For example, people are more likely to enjoy watching Hollywood movies rather than movies produced from their own countries. Additionally, tourism and migration are another factor that can have impacts on people’s beliefs. Those who have studied or traveled around the world could adapt to different lifestyle from other countries. For instance, people become independent in many ways including living alone and not relying on their families, because they have used to the western lifestyle when they went abroad. However, it may cause people’s concern that exposure to western culture from media could hinder the use of language of a country. If audiences are constantly watching foreign movies, especially with the language of English, their native language may be abandoned as they speak and read in English predominately. Nevertheless, I believe that it is a positive trend that people could adapt to the other’s culture. For example, Asian food such as sushi is widely accepted in many western countries, and they are not only love the food but also enjoying using chop sticks. Therefore, food becomes a bridge that is connected between western and eastern, allowing people to have fun by sharing the other’s culture. In conclusion, various reasons can cause culture become more similar, and I believe that the benefit of this development outweigh its drawback. ***** I'd appreciate any feedback for my globalisation essay on culture.

Technology and Loss of Culture

by Annie (korea)

It is predictable that traditional cultures of countries will be lost as technology develops. Technology and tradition are incompatible. Do you agree or disagree? No one would deny that the advancement of technology have immensely changed the way of people’s lives, including traditional customs. Regarding this, some people assume that traditional culture of each country will disappear due to the enormous technology breakthroughs. I totally agree with this idea that tradition is unable to co-exist with technology. To start with, the dramatic development of technology in media may play a critical role in fading away local cultures. It seems easy to find materials illustrating the backgrounds of other countries such as movies and dramas, which in turn, making people expose to other cultures. According to research, this persistent exposure to international media has contributed to a social trend which people become curious about new cultures and in turn welcome it, rather than retaining their local unique culture. Therefore, this may result in the disappearance of cultural diversity as technology advances. Moreover, the improvement of technology enables people to contact with families living apart more frequently than ever, which is one of the cultures of various countries. With the help of technology appliance such as mobiles and web-camera, people these days have more opportunities to keep in touch with other family members without travelling. However, it was not uncommon for people in the past to visit hometown, especially on special occasions. The frequent contacts help people to feel closer regardless of how far they are. To take Korea as example, visiting the hometown, which was given the great importance on the public before technology developed, is not considered as a priority custom any more. Instead, they travel overseas or afford holiday on special occasion, which means people no longer follow the local tradition. To recapitulate, the technological improvements have indeed brought about losing tradition in various ways. Hence, I agree that traditions are unable to be compatible with technology. ***** Welcome any comments on my Technological development and Loss of Culture Essay! I want to get 7 in writing. please help me ;)

Following Customs Essay

by gülsüm yıldırım (Turkey,Adana)

When people move to another country, some of them decide to follow the customs of the new country.
 Others prefer to keep their own customs. Compare these two choices.
 Which one do you prefer? Habits are one of the crucial component of cultural formation in particular area of the global. In nowadays world, many people encounter with different customs in the places they migrate for several purposes. Some individuals prefer to become familiar with the country they’ve relocated to, some of them adopt to protect their traditions. My personal view is that individuals should not follow the customs of the new country to preserve their culture and identity. Uniqe customs to the development of a sense of self, which has huge importance for the psychology of people. Accordingly, maintaining these traditions is beneficial to mental health, especially one’s the sense of self. Suggest that you have a conservative attitude on some particular subjects, and your new country has radical or socialist customs. If you enforce yourself not to act like you are, you may experience self-conflict which can be hazardous to your psychological health. Otherwise, this following may come with a societal issue. In the case of all people comply with their new nation’s habits, a vast majority of the culture may encounter with threatening of forgetting. So, the disappearance of nations cause fewer customs, local dishes, and even superstition diversity, all of which aid our understanding of the world. Each person should safeguard their customs in order to keep alive every culture. In brief, cultural emergence has considerable constituent, like customs. When people relocate, they may be faced with the decision of whether or not to follow their traditions. As a result, maintaining one’s own conventions tend to sustain both one’s the sense of self as well as one’s cultural heritage.

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The Haiti That Still Dreams

By Edwidge Danticat

I often receive condolence-type calls, e-mails, and texts about Haiti. Many of these messages are in response to the increasingly dire news in the press, some of which echoes what many of us in the global Haitian diaspora hear from our family and friends. More than fifteen hundred Haitians were killed during the first three months of this year, according to a recent United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights report, which described the country’s situation as “ cataclysmic .” Women and girls are routinely subjected to sexual violence. Access to food, water, education, and health care is becoming more limited, with more than four million Haitians, around a third of the population, living with food insecurity, and 1.4 million near starvation. Armed criminal groups have taken over entire neighborhoods in Port-au-Prince and the surrounding areas, carrying out mass prison breaks and attacks on the city’s airport, seaport, government buildings, police stations, schools, churches, hospitals, pharmacies, and banks, turning the capital into an “ open air prison .”

Even those who know the country’s long and complex history will ask, “Why can’t Haiti catch a break?” We then revisit some abridged version of that history. In 1804, after a twelve-year revolution against French colonial rule, Haiti won its independence, which the United States and several European powers failed to recognize for decades. The world’s first Black republic was then forced to spend sixty years paying a hundred-and-fifty-million francs (now worth close to thirty billion dollars) indemnity to France . Americans invaded and then occupied Haiti for nineteen years at the beginning of the twentieth century. The country endured twenty-nine years of murderous dictatorship under François Duvalier and his son, Jean-Claude, until 1986. In 1991, a few months after Haiti’s first democratically elected President, Jean-Bertrand Aristide, took office, he was overthrown in a coup staged by a military whose members had been trained in the U.S. Aristide was elected again, then overthrown again, in 2004, in part owing to an armed rebellion led by Guy Philippe, who was later arrested by the U.S. government for money laundering related to drug trafficking. Last November, six years into his nine-year prison sentence, Philippe was deported by the U.S. to Haiti. He immediately aligned himself with armed groups and has now put himself forward as a Presidential candidate.

In 2010, the country was devastated by a 7.0-magnitude earthquake, which killed more than two hundred thousand people. Soon after, United Nations “peacekeepers” dumped feces in Haiti’s longest river, causing a cholera epidemic that killed more than ten thousand people and infected close to a million. For the past thirteen years, Haiti has been decimated by its ruling party, Parti Haïtien Tèt Kale (P.H.T.K.), which rose to power after a highly contested election in 2011. In that election, the U.S.—then represented by Secretary of State Hillary Clinton—and the Organization of American States helped the candidate who finished in third place, Michel Martelly, claim the top spot. Bankrolled by kidnapping, drug trafficking, business élites, and politicians, armed groups have multiplied under P.H.T.K, committing massacres that have been labelled crimes against humanity. In 2021, a marginally elected President, Jovenel Moïse, was assassinated in his bedroom , a crime for which many of those closest to him, including his wife, have been named as either accomplices or suspects.

The unasked question remains, as W. E. B. Du Bois wrote in “ The Souls of Black Folk ,” “How does it feel to be a problem?”

I deeply honor Haiti’s spirit of resistance and long history of struggle, but I must admit that sometimes the answer to that question is that it hurts. Sometimes it hurts a lot, even when one is aware of the causes, including the fact that the weapons that have allowed gangs to take over the capital continue to flow freely from Miami and the Dominican Republic, despite a U.N. embargo. Internally, the poorest Haitians have been constantly thwarted by an unequal and stratified society, which labels rural people moun andeyò (outside people), and which is suffused with greedy and corrupt politicians and oligarchs who scorn the masses from whose tribulations they extract their wealth.

Recently, at a loved one’s funeral, in Michigan, the spectre of other Haitian deaths was once again on the minds of my extended family members. Everywhere we gather, Haiti is with us, as WhatsApp messages continuously stream in from those who chose to stay in Haiti and can’t leave because the main airport is closed, and others who have no other home. In Michigan, during chats between wake, funeral, and repast, elders brought up those who can’t get basic health care, much less a proper burial or any of the rituals that are among our most sacred obligations. “Not even a white sheet over those bodies on the street,” my mother-in-law, who is eighty-nine, said, after receiving yet another image of incinerated corpses in Port-au-Prince. At least after the 2010 earthquake, sheets were respectfully placed on the bodies pulled from the rubble. Back then, she said, the armed young men seemed to have some reverence for life and some fear of death.

Lately, some of our family gatherings are incantations of grief. But they can also turn into storytelling sessions of a different kind. They are opportunities for our elders to share something about Haiti beyond what our young ones, like everyone else, see on the news. The headlines bleed into their lives, too, as do the recycled tropes that paint us as ungovernable, failures, thugs, and even cannibals. As with the prayers that we recite over the dead, words still have power, the elders whisper. We must not keep repeating the worst, they say, and in their voices I hear an extra layer of distress. They fear that they may never see Haiti again. They fear that those in the next generation, some of whom have never been to Haiti, will let Haiti slip away, as though the country they see in the media—the trash-strewn streets and the barricades made from the shells of burnt cars, the young men brandishing weapons of war and the regular citizens using machetes to defend themselves—were part of some horror film that they can easily turn off. The elders remind us that we have been removed, at least physically, from all of this by only a single generation, if not less.

We are still human beings, the elders insist—“ Se moun nou ye .” We are still wozo , like that irrepressible reed that grows all over Haiti. For a brief moment, I think someone might break into the Haitian national anthem or sing a few bars of the folk song “ Ayiti Cheri .” (“Beloved Haiti, I had to leave you to understand.”) Instead, they hum the music that the wozo has inspired : “ Nou se wozo / Menm si nou pliye, nou pap kase. ” Even if we bend, we will not break.

Except we are breaking. “It pains me to see people living in constant fear,” the Port-au-Prince-based novelist and poet Évelyne Trouillot recently wrote to me in an e-mail. “I dream of a country where children are not afraid to dream.” Internationally, U.S. deportations continue , Navy ships are ready to be deployed to intercept migrant boats, and Haitian asylum seekers could once again end up imprisoned on Guantánamo, as they did in the early nineteen-nineties. In conversations, whether with strangers or with younger family members, someone inevitably asks, “Is there any hope?”

I have hope, I say, because I grew up with elders, both in Haiti and here in the U.S., who often told us, “ Depi gen souf gen espwa ”—as long as there’s breath, there’s hope. I have hope, too, because the majority of Haitians are under twenty-five years old, as are many members of our family. Besides, how can we give in to despair with eleven million people’s lives in the balance? Better yet, how can we reignite that communal grit and resolve that inspired us to defeat the world’s greatest armies and then pin to our flag the motto “ L’union fait la force ”? Unity is strength.

The elders also remind us that Haiti is not just Port-au-Prince. As more and more of the capital’s residents are forced to return to homesteads and ancestral villages, the moun andeyò have much to teach other Haitians. “Historically, the moun andeyò have always been the preserver of Haiti’s cultural and traditional ethos,” Vivaldi Jean-Marie, a professor of African American and African-diaspora studies at Columbia University, told me. Rural Haitians, who have lived for generations without the support of the state, have had no choice but to rely on one another in close and extended family structures called lakou . “This shared awareness—I am because we are—will prevail beyond this difficult chapter in Haitian history,” Jean-Marie said.

Finally, I have hope because in Haiti, as the American writer and art collector Selden Rodman has written, “ art is joy .” This remains true even as some of the country’s most treasured cultural institutions, including the National School of the Arts and the National Library, have been ransacked. In the summer of 2023, Carrefour Feuilles, a district in Port-au-Prince that many writers, visual artists, and musicians call home, was attacked by armed criminal groups. The onslaught led to a petition that collected close to five thousand signatures. It read in part, “How many more hundreds of our women and children must be raped, executed, burned before the public authorities do everything possible to put an end to the plague of gangs and their sponsors?”

A few days later, the homes of two of the signatories, the multimedia artist Lionel St. Eloi and the writer Gary Victor, were taken over by a gang. The last time I saw St. Eloi was in 2019, in the courtyard of Port-au-Prince’s Centre d’Art, where he had a series of metal birds on display, their bejewelled bodies and beaks pointing toward the sky. Allenby Augustin, the Centre d’Art’s executive director, recently described how some artists, afraid of having to suddenly flee their homes and leave their work behind, bring their pieces to the center or keep them in friends’ homes in different parts of the city. Others add the stray bullets that land inside their studios— bal pèdi or bal mawon —to their canvasses.

St. Eloi, the patriarch of a family of artists, had lived in Carrefour Feuilles since the seventies, working with young people there. “The youth who were neglected or who could not afford to go to school were taken in by our family,” one of St. Eloi’s sons, the musician Duckyns (Zikiki) St. Eloi, told me. “We taught them to paint, to play guitar, and to play the drums. Now they are hired to run errands for gangsters who put guns in their hands.” In spite of what has happened, he still believes that art can turn some things around. He recently sent me a picture of a work by his younger brother Anthony—an image depicting gang members wearing brightly colored balaclavas and holding pencils, a book, a paint palette, a camera, and a musical instrument. “If there are gangs, we’d be better off with art gangs,” Zikiki said. “Gangs that paint, make music, recite poetry. Art is how we bring our best face to the world. Art is how we dream.” ♦

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New book by UW–Madison’s Rosenberg explores contemporary art and culture

Rosenberg wrote this collection of short essays about art and contemporary culture over a five-year period from 2015-2020, during which he served as Art Department chair. Composed as an ongoing commitment to remaining mindful of the field and the cultural upheaval of the period, they are a durational project that reflect Rosenberg’s reflections in real time, based on ideas developed over 30 years of interdisciplinary practice in the arts — as a filmmaker, writer, artist, and teacher.

“Staring at the Sky” is available for purchase via Biblio. Learn more here .

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A Culture Warrior Takes a Late Swing

The editor and essayist Joseph Epstein looks back on his life and career in two new books.

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By Dwight Garner

NEVER SAY YOU’VE HAD A LUCKY LIFE: Especially If You’ve Had a Lucky Life , by Joseph Epstein

FAMILIARITY BREEDS CONTENT: New and Selected Essays , by Joseph Epstein

When Tammy Wynette was asked to write a memoir in her mid-30s, she initially declined, she said in an interview, because “I didn’t think my life was over yet.” The publisher responded: Has it occurred to you that in 15 years no one might care? She wrote the book. “Stand by Your Man: An Autobiography” (1979) was a hit.

The essayist and editor Joseph Epstein — whose memoir “Never Say You’ve Had a Lucky Life,” is out now, alongside a greatest-hits collection titled “Familiarity Breeds Content” — has probably never heard Wynette sing except by accident. (In a 1993 essay, he wrote that he wished he didn’t know who Willie Nelson was, because it was a sign of a compromised intellect.) But his memoir illustrates another reason not to wait too long to commit your life to print.

There is no indication that Epstein, who is in his late 80s, has lost a step. His prose is as genial and bland, if comparison to his earlier work is any indication, as it ever was. But there’s a softness to his memories of people, perhaps because it was all so long ago. This is the sort of memoir that insists someone was funny, or erudite, or charismatic, while rarely providing the crucial details.

Epstein aw-shucks his way into “Never Say You’ve Had a Lucky Life” — pretending to be self-effacing while not being so in the least is one of his salient qualities as a writer — by warning readers, “I may not have had a sufficiently interesting life to merit an autobiography.” This is because he “did little, saw nothing notably historic, and endured not much out of the ordinary of anguish or trouble or exaltation.” Quickly, however, he concludes that his life is indeed worth relating, in part because “over the years I have acquired the literary skill to recount that life well.”

Here he is wrong in both directions. His story is interesting enough to warrant this memoir. His personal life has taken complicated turns. And as the longtime editor of the quarterly magazine The American Scholar, and a notably literate conservative culture warrior, he’s been in the thick of things.

He does lack the skill to tell his own story, though, if by “skill” we mean not well-scrubbed Strunk and White sentences but close and penetrating observation. Epstein favors tasseled loafers and bow ties, and most of his sentences read as if they were written by a sentient tasseled loafer and edited by a sentient bow tie.

He grew up in Chicago, where his father manufactured costume jewelry. The young Epstein was popular and, in high school, lettered in tennis. His title refers to being lucky, and a big part of that luck, in his estimation, was to grow up back when kids could be kids, before “the therapeutic culture” took over.

This complaint sets the tone of the book. His own story is set next to a rolling series of cultural grievances. He’s against casual dress, the prohibition of the word “Negro,” grade inflation, the Beat Generation, most of what occurred during the 1960s, standards slipping everywhere, de-Westernizing college curriculums, D.E.I. programs, you name it. His politics aren’t the problem. We can argue about those. American culture needs more well-read conservatives. The problem is that in his search for teachable moments, his memoir acquires the cardboard tone of a middling opinion column.

His youth was not all tennis lessons and root beer floats. He and his friends regularly visited brothels because, he writes, sex was not as easy to come by in the 1950s. He was kicked out of the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign for his role in the selling of a stolen accounting exam to other students.

He was lucky to find a place at the University of Chicago, a place of high seriousness. The school changed him. He began to reassess his values. He began to read writers like Irving Howe, Sidney Hook, Midge Decter and Norman Podhoretz, and felt his politics pull to the right.

After college, he was drafted into the Army and ended up in Little Rock, Ark., where he met his first wife. At the time, she was a waitress at a bar and restaurant called the Gar Hole. Here Epstein’s memoir briefly threatens to acquire genuine weight.

She had lost custody of her two sons after a divorce. Together they got them back, and she and Epstein had two sons of their own. After their divorce, Epstein took all four of the boys. This is grist for an entire memoir, but Epstein passes over it quickly. One never gets much of a sense of what his boys were like, or what it was like to raise them. He later tells us that he has all but lost touch with his stepsons and has not seen them for decades.

He worked for the magazine The New Leader and the Encyclopaedia Britannica before becoming the editor of The American Scholar in 1975. It was a position he would hold for 22 years. He also taught at Northwestern University for nearly three decades.

At The American Scholar he began to write a long personal essay in each issue, under the pseudonym Aristides. He wrote 92 of these, on topics such as smoking and envy and reading and height. Most ran to 6,500 words, or about 4,000 words longer than they should have been.

Many magazine editors like to write every so often, to keep a hand in. But there is something unseemly about an editor chewing up acres of space in his own publication on a regular basis. Editorially, it’s a droit du seigneur imposition.

A selection of these essays, as well as some new ones, can now be found in “Familiarity Breeds Content.” In his introduction to this book, Christopher Buckley overpraises Epstein, leaving the reader no choice but to start mentally pushing back.

Buckley calls Epstein “the most entertaining living essayist in the English language.” (Not while Michael Kinsley, Lorrie Moore, Calvin Trillin, Sloane Crosley and Geoff Dyer, among many others, walk the earth.) He repurposes Martin Amis’s comment about Saul Bellow: “One doesn’t read Saul Bellow. One can only reread him.” To this he adds, “Ditto Epstein.” (Epstein is no Saul Bellow.) Buckley says, “Joe Epstein is incapable of writing a boring sentence.”

Well. How about this one, from an essay about cats?

A cat, I realize, cannot be everyone’s cup of fur.

Or this one, from an essay about sports and other obsessions:

I have been told there are people who wig out on pasta.

Or this one, about … guess:

When I was a boy, it occurs to me now, I always had one or another kind of hat.

Juggling today appears to be undergoing a small renaissance.

If one is looking to save on fuel bills, politics is likely to heat up a room quicker than just about anything else.

In tennis I was most notable for flipping and catching my racket in various snappy routines.

The essays are, by and large, as tweedy and self-satisfied as these lines make them sound. There are no wild hairs in them, no sudden deepenings of tone. Nothing is at stake. We are stranded with him on the putt-putt course.

Epstein fills his essays with quotation after quotation, as ballast. I am a fan of well-deployed, free-range quotations. So many of Epstein’s are musty and reek of Bartlett’s. They are from figures like Lord Chesterfield and Lady Mary Montagu and Sir Herbert Grierson and Tocqueville and Walpole and Carlyle. You can feel the moths escaping from the display case in real time.

To be fair, I circled a few sentences in “Familiarity Breeds Content” happily. I’m with him on his distrust of “fun couples.” He writes, “A cowboy without a hat is suitable only for bartending.” I liked his observation, which he borrowed from someone else, that a career has five stages:

(1) Who is Joseph Epstein? (2) Get me Joseph Epstein. (3) We need someone like Joseph Epstein. (4) What we need is a young Joseph Epstein. (5) Who is Joseph Epstein?

It’s no fun to trip up a writer on what might have been a late-career victory lap. Epstein doesn’t need me to like his work. He’s published more than 30 books, and you can’t do that unless you’ve made a lot of readers happy.

NEVER SAY YOU’VE HAD A LUCKY LIFE : Especially If You’ve Had a Lucky Life | By Joseph Epstein | Free Press | 287 pp. | $29.99

FAMILIARITY BREEDS CONTENT : New and Selected Essays | By Joseph Epstein | Simon & Schuster | 441 pp. | Paperback, $20.99

Dwight Garner has been a book critic for The Times since 2008, and before that was an editor at the Book Review for a decade. More about Dwight Garner

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