Nike Inc.’s Global Sourcing Analysis Case Study

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Introduction

Market segmentation and positioning strategies, customer analysis, marketing mix: 4ps, alternative solutions, recommendation, exhibit 1: the apparel commodity chain.

Nike’s current position as one of the biggest companies in sportswear and athleisure clothing continues to be challenged by both competitors and changing consumer principles. The issue of ethical and high-quality sourcing is one of the most significant concerns that Nike has. The balance between sustainability and cost is a factor that the company has spent years measuring and adjusting. After the company expanded and began delivering more substantial quantities of products to different continents, its relationship with other members of the supply chain also changed. The pressure to produce goods and meet customer demands increased due to the firm’s social responsibility.

Currently, Nike faces several significant problems in the sphere of global sourcing, but all of them are related to one root concern that the company has to address. The demand for Nike products, in particular, and athleisure clothing, in general, continues to increase, and Nike has to perfect its supply chain to deliver the goods. However, its process, from designing a product to selling it to the customer, is long and inflexible, and the slow speed of all operations also makes Nike vulnerable to sudden demand shifts. The search for new suppliers and manufacturers also exposes Nike’s burden of finding ethical and reliable partners. The purpose of this report is to analyze the current position of Nike in the market of sportswear and athleisure and see how it can address such problems as unsustainable sourcing, slow product cycle, and growing demand.

Environmental Analysis

Nike operates on a global scale and sources the majority of its materials and labor from overseas. Therefore, it is highly dependent on changes in the political climate. Taxation, labor laws, and manufacturing regulations are among the primary factors that determine Nike’s access to some suppliers as well as its financial contribution to certain countries. Moreover, sales are also regulated by taxation, and such differences can influence Nike’s exports.

Nike produces a wide range of clothing and accessories, some of which can be considered luxury items, while others are closer to the category of essentials or goods for everyday use. Therefore, it is vital for Nike to consider the economy of countries to which it markets the products, noting their capability and stability. For instance, Nike has successfully penetrated the US market and similar areas with high buying power and stable consumer demand.

The popularity of sports and fitness is one of the trends that Nike can use to increase the demand for its products. At the present moment, the trend for athleisure is dominating not only the segment of sports clothing but the markets of fashion and luxury clothing. Thus, the present social influences are favorable for Nike and its competitors. However, the increase in demand also challenges Nike to increase its quality and meet the demand while also outselling rivaling companies. It is also apparent that the increase in people’s ethical concerns is a trend that the business has to acknowledge and address.

Technological

Innovation in the field of sports clothing is needed in both the quality, design, material of the goods, and the process of their manufacturing. The increase in computerization is one of the steps that the supply chain is implementing to change business operations. Furthermore, as the speed of innovation increases rapidly, Nike’s lack of participation can endanger the status of the company. The increasing role of e-commerce and portable devices (smartphones, smartwatches, fitness bracelets) contributes to the profits of companies such as Nike but raises the demand for new lines.

The regulation of labor standards in different countries puts significant pressure on Nike to monitor the environment in which supply chain employees work. The previous scandals about poor working conditions, exploitation, underpayment, and child labor urge the firm to continuously strengthen its standards for choosing suppliers. Another concern is Nike’s legal control of copyrighted designs and marketing campaigns. Here, the possible legal constraint is the need to follow popular trends while creating unique goods and preventing the production of replicas.

Environmental

As noted above, the idea of conscious consumption is gaining attention among consumers. Thus, Nike has to maintain its commitment to sustainability and enhance the quality of the manufacturing process. The change in climate is a problem that can be detrimental to sales and production, and it serves as both an opportunity and a threat to the company. Nike’s current focus on ethical production has to be expanded further.

Competition structure

Nike faces competition in several markets since it produces a variety of shoes, clothing, and accessory types. The first and main rival is Adidas – a business that also focuses on sportswear and athleisure clothing. Adidas is the second, after Nike, in sales of sneakers, and the company’s clothing lines target a similar client base. Notably, both companies have sizable contracts with athletes and sports teams. Other firms also compete in the same segment, namely Puma and Reebok. As Nike also markets to consumers interested in athleisure clothing, such competitors as Under Armour have to be considered. The contracts with famous celebrities and athletes allow such brands to gain recognition and increase customer loyalty. As a whole, Nike faces intense competition for all product categories, as the number of established and developing brands is significant.

Nike possesses many strengths supported by the long history and current popularity of the brand. First of all, Nike’s logo remains one of the most recognizable symbols on the market – the “swoosh” symbol is connected in customers’ minds to sports shoes and world-class athletes such as LeBron James and Serena Williams. In fact, its celebrity partnerships increase the exposure of the brand and its status as a seller of popular goods. Second, as Nike offers not only shoes but athleisure clothing and professional sports equipment, the company has a broad appeal to several demographics. The supply chain of the business shows that Nike operates through multiple retail channels, diversifying the products’ route from plants to customers (Exhibit 1). Nike’s low cost of manufacturing, based on its selection of manufacturers, is paralleled by its innovative research and development (R&D) departments’ ideas. Finally, Nike is an international brand, which widens its reach to clients all over the world.

However, Nike also has some weaknesses that affect its performance. The long process from the design of a product to its presentation to customers makes the company’s production inflexible. The company’s representatives demonstrate that the company may spend several months creating a shoe. As a result, Nike cannot correctly predict customer demand, trends, weather changes, and other outside factors that may influence sales. Furthermore, Nike continues to encounter unstable suppliers who may have poor working conditions or other violations of Nike’s sustainability and worker protection standards. Nike also relies heavily on the US market as a dominating location of interest, while other markets are not as explored. The ability of retailers to manipulate prices, as evident in the case of Nike’s late delivery of shoes, can significantly lower Nike’s profits. Additionally, the history of previous scandals still affects the brand and limits its outreach to some client groups.

One of the opportunities that Nike can explore is to further build its international presence in the markets of athleisure and professional sportswear. Annual global sports events, for example, are a suitable place to get new contracts, advertise, and raise customer awareness. The shift to increasing the brand’s reliance on other countries may provide additional stable channels of revenue. Moreover, as Nike had a strong R&D department, the company can invest in the creation of new products such as wearable devices, sunglasses, jewelry, and other goods. As athleisure is becoming widely recognized as a fashionable trend, Nike may collaborate with designers and brands to create exclusive lines and limited editions for a sector of customers to enjoy. Another opportunity lies in the supply chain- Nike can integrate some suppliers, taking more responsibility for the quality and environment of facilities.

Nike faces several threats related to the market, customers’ perceptions, and economic instability. As Nike is a famous brand, the possibility of fakes and design stealing among competitors is high. Replicas of Nike shoes sold at lower prices can appeal to some individuals and lower the sales of the brand. Apart from that, the competition in the segment of sports shoes is rising – companies use aggressive advertising campaigns and struggle to establish relationships with teams, athletes, and celebrities. In the supply chain, Nike’s position as an ethical company can always be undermined by new news of human rights violations, unfair labor practices, and other social crises. Lastly, as Nike operates globally, it is vulnerable to any currency exchange rate fluctuation and political conflicts between countries. Table 1 combines the central points in the SWOT analysis of Nike.

Table 1. Nike SWOT Analysis – Key Points.

The abundance of product categories implies Nike’s need to segment the market into several groups. First of all, Nike’s advertising reveals targeting based on demographic qualities. Children, teenagers, young adults, and adults are the main categories to whom Nike offers its products. The main segments are teenagers and young adults since these groups are often the most active in sports, both recreationally and professionally. Nike presents different lines and marketing campaigns for men and women, signifying gender segmentation. While clothing products may be in the same line, their colors and sizes differ according to gender.

Nike’s goods are also separated according to their style, utility, and technological advancement. Some lines are made to target groups interested in athleisure – fashion-based clothing, smaller brands such as Converse, and items for everyday wear. In contrast, other products are marketed as athletic – they are segmented according to the activity, including running, basketball, football, tennis, and others. Finally, Nike also presents separate groups of products with innovative materials and ideas as well as vintage designs. As an outcome, Nike’s market segmentation is sophisticated, and the company reaches a wide variety of customer bases.

To understand the positioning strategy of Nike, one has to analyze who it targets. Among the main characteristics of target groups, young age, urban living, high- and middle-income, and interest in sports are the most distinguishable. Therefore, the brand uses a mix of high price, high quality, and product attributes approaches to formulate the position of the company. For instance, Nike’s focus on athleticism shifts the focus from products to their underlying meaning – a person wearing Nike is an aspiring or established athlete. Here, the inspirational message is embedded with the functionality of the goods, and Nike’s goal is to inspire and assist. Thus, Nike positions itself both in professional and amateur sports categories – athletes are offered goods based on their quality, while other people are being marketed as a tool for achieving sports-related goals.

It should be noted that, by positioning the brand as global and ubiquitous, Nike gains access to many market segments. While running is a significant activity that Nike focuses on due to its history with running shoes, the brand also has an established position in basketball and tennis, working with major athletes from these sports. As a result, Nike’s technological advancements are also appealing to different people, and their positioning can be further expanded to new areas of physical activity. Additionally, with the latest popularity of athleisure, the brand’s choice of a younger demographic is a benefit to maintaining a status for being both high-quality and fashionable.

As described above, Nike’s segmentation allows it to appeal to multiple groups simultaneously. Nonetheless, one can further describe the three main targets that the brand considers as the primary client categories. The first group is young athletes – Nike’s image of an inspirational brand based on partnerships with major athletes is key to attracting young aspiring sportspersons to consider Nike’s shoes and clothing. Second, Nike markets to women, both in professional and athleisure segments. Although men’s clothing continues to take up a significant part of Nike’s lines, women’s increasing role in sports and advocacy for health change aligns with Nike’s marketing. Finally, runners are another group that gets more attention than other athletes due to Nike’s participation in various projects.

However, customer analysis shows that other characteristics may define Nike’s clientele. The income of people mentioned in the previous analysis cannot be overlooked, as Nike’s pricing is often approached with the premium strategy. Thus, Nike’s consumers have high incomes to match the prices that Nike sets. Furthermore, the focus on residents of urban areas is tied to Nike’s collaboration with major athletic teams and its preference for athleisure and professional training. It is clear that Nike’s customers have to respond to such influencers as famous athletes who are also winners and leaders of sports competitions. Nike’s proposition to its customers, therefore, is to bridge the gap between these ideals of performance and customers’ physical abilities. To establish a connection with clients and deliver this message, Nike uses short inspirational quotes and direct calls to action.

The range of goods offered by Nike is wide, but the company focuses on athletic shoes, clothing, and accessories. The category of shoes is the pillar of Nike’s activity – historically, shoes have been the main products that Nike sold. However, now, the brand’s selection of footwear is much larger than before, as it sells sneakers, hiking and outdoor boots, shoes for professional basketball, football, and tennis players, running shoes, and many other varieties. In addition, the company also designs footwear not directly related to sports, including flip-flops and sandals. The second category, clothing, is also divided according to its purpose. While some items are marketed as specific for physical activity, others are now viewed as a part of everyday outfits. Finally, Nike sells equipment and accessories – the list ranges from golf clubs to water bottles.

Nike applies several strategies to its products, using both value-based and premium pricing for its goods. Some lines of footwear and clothing are created with technological advancements or specific characteristics, making premium pricing a viable option in the market. For instance, as Nike presents itself as the best company for running gear and sportswear, prices for the latest models and gadgets may be higher than those of competitors. In other categories, Nike pays more attention to the market’s trends, using the price of the materials and the final product to establish the worth of each item. As a whole, this combination of approaches allows Nike to market to a broad audience.

As mentioned in the previous analyses, Nike distributes its products through several channels. These include specialty stores, department stores, discount chains, and various outlets (Exhibit 1). Additionally, Nike has an online-based store with the ability to deliver goods to customers internationally. Retail stores are the foundation of Nike’s selling strategy since they make goods easily accessible to consumers. Nike’s products are often sold alongside its competitors, which requires the brand to pay increased attention to marketing, presentation, and pricing. Moreover, the capabilities of e-commerce allow Nike to distribute its new lines without having to think about its relationships with other members of the supply chain. The brand’s outlet stores also provide Nike with more opportunities to collect customer data.

As a major international company, Nike utilizes many approaches to marketing. The need to maintain a strong brand image identified in the SWOT analysis put additional pressure on Nike to engage its consumer base. First of all, Nike continues to work with traditional media, advertising its products on television and in print. Second, Nike uses online advertising, sharing campaigns with celebrities and ordinary people. Direct marketing is a strategy that the company uses when working with sports teams, organizations, and event representatives. Sales staff engages in personal selling, persuading customers to choose certain products. Moreover, Nike contributes to public events through sponsorship and endorsements. Finally, discounts and special offers sometimes are applied to Nike’s products, depending on the location and season.

To reiterate, Nike is facing such issues as a long and inflexible process of developing new products, unreliable suppliers, and the growing demand for products burdened with the increased environmental and social awareness. The analysis shows that Nike has succeeded in creating a sound brand image that has a high recognition and commitment scale. Nonetheless, the public’s attention to ethical manufacturing and the growing number of competitors endanger the top position of the company. One may suggest a number of strategies that would address the problems related to global sourcing.

The first alternative is to restructure the supply chain to engage suppliers in producing goods for their respective regions. Currently, the majority of manufacturing plants are concentrated in a small number of countries, and almost all goods are created in and shipped from one region. This system results in several problems – transportation and shipping are complicated and unsustainable, Nike’s relationship with companies is not involved, and it is challenging for the company to establish ethical standards for its suppliers adequately. The proposed change is to refocus on some other regions that will shorten the time of travel and open new areas for new supplier relationships.

Nike has already examined the potential of South and Central America, finding that the placement of its plants in these regions would shorten the time of delivery. Therefore, it would also affect Nike’s flexibility in responding to new trends and customer demand fluctuations. The benefits of this proposition lie in the diversification of Nike’s key locations, thus making its planning more adjustable to the market. Nonetheless, Nike will have to completely reform its approach to pricing, find new suppliers and train them according to its standards, and engage more resources to maintain the quality of goods and the state of plants’ working environment.

The second alternative does not call for relocation but encourages Nike to improve its ethical standards further. While the current system places much focus on workers’ conditions, it does not increase workers’ safety and comfort actively. The brand puts this responsibility on suppliers, monitoring their compliance and changing orders when necessary. This strategy does not engage Nike in the process of changing the practices of these manufacturers.

As evident in the case, many suppliers comply only for a short period of time or fall back into harmful practices with time. To combat such an inability to follow standards, Nike can pursue several options. One approach is to make the position of Nike more demanding and uplift the voices of workers by providing them with a direct channel of communicating concerns. The other is to participate in the enforcement of guidelines, creating training programs, and resourcing staff and employee awareness.

The proposed strategies of increasing Nike’s participation in suppliers change programs, if successful, will allow Nike more control over the quality of goods and the environment in which employees have to work. The main benefit of this solution is the improved ethical position of suppliers. By taking on specific responsibilities, Nike will also be able to raise clients’ awareness about the ethical policies of the company, which may positively affect customer interest. This approach has drawbacks, mainly related to the use of financial resources and staff. Training projects and higher engagement require sufficient funding and available personnel. Moreover, some suppliers may protest the increased intervention from the outside, withdrawing from contracts. Finally, this strategy is unlikely to reduce the time of development for Nike, keeping its processes inflexible and vulnerable.

Using the information about the company as well as its analysis, one may recommend Nike to pursue the first discussed alternative strategy – to restructure the supply chain. The relocation of manufacturers to move them closer to customers can bring many benefits to the company, but only if Nike continues to enforce its sustainable and ethical principles in choosing and monitoring suppliers. The environmental analysis of the brand shows that Nike is highly dependent on retailers’ decisions, customer trends, and economic relationships between countries. Therefore, making transportation of the goods more accessible can positively influence the resource flow in the business. If the process shortens the time during which a product is designed, manufactured, and delivered to the customer, it will also allow Nike to respond adequately to retailers’ demands and crises.

Moreover, this step will provide Nike with a marketing opportunity and distinguish it from its competitors as a pioneer in making steps towards sustainability. As the SWOT analysis indicates, the threat of competition will increase, and Nike has to take additional steps to maintain its place as the leader of sportswear and athleisure goods. The proposed alternative also aligns with the opportunities presented in the SWOT analysis – the relocation may open up new markets and collaboration projects.

This approach would require Nike to review its possibilities and contracts with the existing manufacturers, deciding which of them adhere to the standards. Nonetheless, it will be a chance for the partners to show that they are the best for working with Nike in terms of quality, speed, sustainability, and working environment. Overall, Nike should not disregard an option of making communication between employees in the supply chain and the brand more transparent. By integrating several solutions in multiple steps, Nike can move forward towards high-quality global sourcing without sacrificing its image and the relationship with its suppliers.

The Apparel Commodity Chain.

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IvyPanda. (2021, June 11). Nike Inc.'s Global Sourcing Analysis. https://ivypanda.com/essays/nike-incs-global-sourcing-analysis/

"Nike Inc.'s Global Sourcing Analysis." IvyPanda , 11 June 2021, ivypanda.com/essays/nike-incs-global-sourcing-analysis/.

IvyPanda . (2021) 'Nike Inc.'s Global Sourcing Analysis'. 11 June.

IvyPanda . 2021. "Nike Inc.'s Global Sourcing Analysis." June 11, 2021. https://ivypanda.com/essays/nike-incs-global-sourcing-analysis/.

1. IvyPanda . "Nike Inc.'s Global Sourcing Analysis." June 11, 2021. https://ivypanda.com/essays/nike-incs-global-sourcing-analysis/.

Bibliography

IvyPanda . "Nike Inc.'s Global Sourcing Analysis." June 11, 2021. https://ivypanda.com/essays/nike-incs-global-sourcing-analysis/.

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Global Sourcing at Nike

  • Format: Electronic
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About The Authors

global sourcing at nike case study summary

Nien-he Hsieh

global sourcing at nike case study summary

Michael W. Toffel

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Global Sourcing at Nike ^ 619008

Global Sourcing at Nike

global sourcing at nike case study summary

Global Sourcing at Nike ^ 619008

Product description.

Publication Date: March 07, 2019

The Inside the Case video that accompanies this case includes teaching tips and insight from the author (available to registered educators only). This case explores the evolution of Nike's global product sourcing strategy, in particular ongoing efforts to improve working conditions at its suppliers' factories. When the case opens in July 2018, Vice President of Sourcing Amanda Tucker and her colleagues in Nike's Global Sourcing and Manufacturing division were focusing on three key supply chain challenges: sourcing from suppliers that meet compliance standards, challenging and encouraging suppliers to improve capabilities, and being responsive to consumer demand across the world.

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Award winner: Global Sourcing at Nike

global sourcing at nike case study summary

This case won the Ethics and Social Responsibility  category at The Case Centre Awards and Competitions 2023 . #CaseAwards2023

View details the awards presentations on 5 & 7 August 2023 .

Author perspective

Who – the protagonist.

Amanda Tucker , Vice President of Sourcing at Nike , the sportswear giant.

This case explores the evolution of Nike’s efforts to improve working conditions at its suppliers’ factories. Amanda is considering three key supply chain challenges: monitoring suppliers, encouraging suppliers to improve capabilities to meet Nike’s quality and productivity standards, and deciding which country to add to its source base in order to source products closer to the North American market.

With over $36 billion in sales and 73,100 employees in 2018, Nike was the largest sportswear brand in the world. To support its operations, it had a global network of over 500 supplier factories in over 30 countries that produced the company’s footwear, apparel and sports equipment.

Nike was an early mover in sourcing its suppliers from outside the US but, by the early 1990s, it began to face mounting criticism regarding the treatment of factory workers. This case looks at Nike’s response - from denying responsibility, to monitoring suppliers, to encouraging them to self-regulate whilst providing education and training.     

Nike is an American multinational corporation headquartered in Beaverton, Oregon but its supplier factories stretch across six continents and over 30 countries.

The key events in the case take place in July 2018.

Ernie Rose

Amanda must consider the various options facing Nike’s source base. How can they convince suppliers to take ownership of compliance issues? How can Tucker get them to see the long-term benefits of collaboration with Nike? How should the brand integrate its existing sourcing with a need to source closer to market?

AUTHOR PERSPECTIVE 

This is the first win for all three authors and the second win for Harvard Business School in the Ethics and Social Responsibility category.

Winning the award

Nien-hê said: “It is encouraging to see continued interest in the topic of responsibilities for sustainability and working conditions in the supply chain. The topic is one that has received a great deal of treatment, and there are many compelling contemporary challenges regarding responsible business conduct - e.g. ethical AI, disinformation, algorithmic fairness. So, it is heartening that students continue to engage with this foundational issue for the global economy.”

Olivia continued: “I am pleased there is interest in this important topic. Labour rights issues are an integral but often overlooked aspect of manufacturing.”

Case popularity

Michael said: “Our case describes Nike’s decades-long journey to understand and respond to problematic working conditions in their supply chains. Nike’s initial response was that working conditions in factories they didn’t own was not their problem to solve. But over time, a growing number of stakeholders expected them - and other brands - to take some responsibility to avoid sweatshops and to foster improved working conditions at the factories they hired to produce their goods.

"The case showcases many innovations and pilot programmes Nike has pursued over the years, and several challenges they still face. I think many students care a lot about the working conditions and environmental impacts associated with the products they buy and can relate to the apparel and footwear products that the case focuses on. I’m sure that our case’s focus on a brand as well-known as Nike also heightens student engagement.”

nike shoes

Writing the case

Michael reflected: “I wasn’t sure that Nike would be willing to have a case written about their challenges managing working conditions in supply chains, but I was impressed that they did, and were quite open with us. We had a terrific relationship with Nike; they let us interview managers from a wide range of functions, which gave us deeper insights on how various parts of an organisation can see the same issue quite differently through their distinctive lens.”

Case writing advice

Michael explained: “First decide what you want students to learn as they read the case and discuss it in class, and only then seek out a company willing to let you learn and write about their managerial decisions and dilemmas.” 

Olivia added: “I am a big fan of outlines. I also recommend mapping out the teaching plan before finalising the case.”  

Teaching the case

Michael commented: “This case is unusually versatile, as we have led our colleagues to teach this case in two different core MBA courses (in different years): Leadership and Corporate Accountability where we emphasised companies responsibilities to workers and ethical decision making, and then most recently in Technology and Operations Management where we emphasised how companies need to think holistically in their supply chain management efforts, including how they initially choose suppliers and how they manage them.”

Nien-hê commented: “A hope is that students and instructors will extend the learnings from this case to other industries and even beyond questions about supply chains to more general questions about the repsonsibilities of business. Many of the learnings from the case - the change in Nike’s response, the piloting of novel programs, and the development of internal capabilities and reporting structures - have much wider applicability and are relevant for so many of the challenges facing business today.”

Olivia concluded: “Thank you for your work promoting the case method. Cases are complex teaching tools that produce memorable learning experiences, but students are not always aware of the time and commitment it takes to create them. It is a privilege to be part of this intellectual endeavour.”

The authors

Michael W Toffel

The protagonist

Amanda Tucker

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Nike's Strategy to Improve Conditions in its Global Supply Chain – A Case Study

Nike’s approach to managing supplier responsibility has greatly evolved since the 1990s, when the media uncovered claims of child labor, underpaid workers, and poor working conditions in several Asian countries. This report explores how Nike’s approach to improving social and environmental conditions in its global supply chain has evolved through integrated management of sustainability and innovation, increased supplier incentives, and systems innovations intended to prevent problems before they arise.

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global sourcing at nike case study summary

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Teaching Cases – “Global Sourcing at Nike” and “IKEA Goes Online”

It is always exciting to discover new teaching cases, especially when they are of very high quality. Two cases have just won awards in the 2023 Case Center Awards and Competitions. The first is called Global Sourcing at Nike and takes the perspective of Amanda Tucker, Vice President of Sourcing at Nike (authors: Michael W. Toffel, Nien-hê Hsieh, and Olivia Hull). It “explores the evolution of Nike’s efforts to improve working conditions at its suppliers’ factories”, addressing several key supply chain challenges. The second case is entitled IKEA Goes Online: Implications for its Manufacturing (authors: Jan Olhager and Kasra Ferdows). It focuses on the introduction of an app that allows customers to use their mobile phones to visualize and order products in a virtual room, and a second app that allows customers to shop remotely. Congratulations to all the winners. (See also last year’s winner: Apple Inc: Global Supply Chain Management .)

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Global Sourcing Nike Harvard Case Solution & Analysis

Home >> Harvard Case Study Analysis Solutions >> Global Sourcing Nike

Global Sourcing Nike Case Solution

Executive summary.

Nike is the world’s largest company that manufactures footwear, sports’apparel and casual apparels. In the competitive world; the company faced the challenges of the supply chain where it focused mainly on standard, challenging and encouraging the suppliers to analyze the demand and being responsive to it. Nike changed its strategy and worked according to the situation in order to maintain its sustainability. The strategy focused on designing and making the products according to the athletes, and its apparels in the high quality based product. The main focus of remaining sustained is innovation and satisfying the consumers with desired product. The main consideration is making a significant momentum to expand in North America. The other important strategy of Nike is to create a relationship with the professional Athletes and understand the issues regarding athlete’s apparels. The company stated that it does not want that the athletes to just win but to be also connected with  it. This strategy for market development and the campaigns run by the company, gave success to Nike and it ranked on the 26% of the world’s recognized global brand. The other most important strategy of Nike is outsourcing.  The CEO believed that making the footwear can be made at a lower cost and can be sold at cheaper prices. This strategy made the company successful as compared to other brands like Puma, Adidas, etc. The company generated high profit by outsourcing it to the Asian suppliers. Nike is like other typical companies, but the main benefit of high selling is because of the sourcing to the Asian suppliers. Nike changed its strategies according to the customers’ needs and choices. Other changing aspect is selling the product sat cheaper prices by having a cost-effective strategy. Nike made the strategy of market penetration and manufactured products for all rather tham limiting them to elite class.Nike’s market capitalization is higher than other brands because of such strategy. Another important factor which is different for the modern world practice is that the company first analyzes the working conditions and aninternal audit is done. After that, it analyzes the market condition and the supplier's code of conduct that to know if they match with the company’s condition or not? After all the assessments, it makes the monitoring and controlling policies. There was an argument in the press that the products are of the slave wages and are made in the worst working environment. The CEO of the company in response to such allegations stated that we would not prefer that our consumer wear such apparels or footwear’s which are made by the human exploitation or in worst environment. This implies Nike's strategy that worked not just for maximization of revenue but the human care and its betterment as well. According to the current business practices; the companies just work for the sake of profit and market capitalization. On the contrary, Nike has the strategy to attract its consumer by keeping the well-being of its labors under consideration as well. This strategy not just generates higher sales but also strengthens  the customers’ relationship with the company. Considering the other factors in the case that in Malaysia, the most human trafficking practices were done; the company made the policy of having a complete verification of its employees’ identity a mandatory process, in which the passports of the employees were checked before being recruited.Nike’s main focus is on cost, quality, sustainability and supply chain of its products, globally. Nike is ranked higher in the industry because making its strategies according to the current scenario. It believes that customer is the priority and the their expectations are ought to be fully satisfied. Because of making some policies according to the law and condition; the company had to lose many of its employees in different countries, but it is now trying to overcome the loss and has made its position sustainable in the market. Moreover, the company’s strategies for its laborers and employees are well-planned and provide a healthy working environment for them.Health, safety management and the best quality are the company’s top priorities. It is not wrong to say that the sustainability of Nike is different from the contemporary business world practices and that’s the main reason behind its high market revenue and customer satisfaction............................

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Global Sourcing at Nike Case Solution & Answer

Home » Case Study Analysis Solutions » Global Sourcing at Nike

Global Sourcing at Nike Case Solution

Introduction.

Phil Knight founded the company Blue Ribbons Sports in the year 1964 initially they imported Japanese footwear. The company was renamed Nike in the year 1971 after the Greek goddess of victory, after which the sales hit around $3.2 million. Nike’s main competitors include Adidas but Nike has been on top as the statistics state that the US sneaker market accounts for 44% of 2017 for Nike while Adidas was only at 11%. 41 best-selling shoes were created by Nike while only 18 were by Adidas on a count of 60 shoes that were best-selling in the US. In the early 1900s, Nike faced serious allegations regarding the working conditions of the supplier’s factories and the labor issue to which Nike responded affirmatively and announced a code of conduct for the factory conditions. (Nien-he Hsieh, 2019)

Problem Statement

The case defines the ongoing efforts of Nike tohelp improve the working condition in the supplier’s factory. There were three main challenges in the supply chain; the standards sourcing from suppliers, improving supplier’s capabilities, and response to consumer demand across the globe. There were ethical issues in the sourcing of suppliers which needs to be resolved. (Nien-he Hsieh, 2019)

The Supply Chain of Nike

In the beginning, 4% of the shoes that were sold in the US were produced overseas. Their key competitors Puma and Nike had their manufacturing from European countries which cost them huge. An effective and cost-efficient strategy adopted by Nike isoutsourcing their manufacturing from Asian countries which costs way cheaper than European countries.The suppliers in Asian countries included South Korea, Japan, China, Taiwan, and Vietnam by the mid-1990s. this wasa huge turnover in the history of manufacturing as it deemed great quality and profit return to the firm.  (Jiang, 2019)

Challenges of Supply Chain

The major ethical concern of the sourcing of Nike is the forced labor issues that were extensively covered by media reports. They were accused that they were tolerating the human rights abuses of the underpaid workers who were being exploited. In addition, gender discrimination is being faced by workers in supply chain factories and minimum wage was being given to the laborers.According to a report in Harper’s magazine, a lady Indonesian worker earned upto $0.14 per hour which is a relatively low factor as compared to US statistics of $7.25 per hour.

A similar case arose in Vietnam when workers were hospitalized after they fainted by running in laps due to wearing inappropriate shoes.In addition, they were accused of child labor as a young Pakistani was seen stitching soccer balls. These are serious allegationsagainst any firm and is seen in many firms but bigger firms are mostly targeted for these allegations. Forced labor is another serious allegation as Nike was alleged to hire the Uighur Muslim community in China who were already in miserable conditions and forced them to work in coerced conditions.

Nike has been alleged to decrease the use of herbicides and pesticides in the cotton industry Nike uses leather in its production process but the combination of the chemicals used in the preservation of the leather is highly toxic and is thus hazardous to the environment. These when released in the air, water and land are highly toxic and dangerous to the sustainability of the environment.

Sustainable Sourcing Strategies

Ethical sourcing strategies.

The ethical issues being faced by Nike in the supply chain are related to the low wages being offered, gender discrimination, forced labor, and child labor.The recommended strategies to overcome these allegations are to have a detailed analysis of each supply chain in different countries and carry out a common code of conduct that is obliged by every firm to be followed. The problem analysis is the main source of concern and should be carried out in an appropriate way.These codes must include regulations for stopping child labor, descending gender discrimination, stopping forced labor, and increasing the wages of the laborers. (Kim, 2022)

In addition, strict administrators should be hired to foresee the regulations and that they are followed appropriately, and should report any misconduct being observed.Look an eye into the media coverings and work accordingly.The business can withhold a deep analysis of the worse conditions in the supply chain in any country and change that supplier on an immediate basis to conserve sustainability……………………

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  1. Nike Inc.'s Global Sourcing Analysis Case Study

    Introduction. Nike's current position as one of the biggest companies in sportswear and athleisure clothing continues to be challenged by both competitors and changing consumer principles. The issue of ethical and high-quality sourcing is one of the most significant concerns that Nike has. The balance between sustainability and cost is a ...

  2. Global Sourcing at Nike

    Abstract. This case explores the evolution of Nike's global product sourcing strategy, in particular ongoing efforts to improve working conditions at its suppliers' factories. When the case opens in July 2018, Vice President of Sourcing Amanda Tucker and her colleagues in Nike's Global Sourcing and Manufacturing division were focusing on ...

  3. Global Sourcing at Nike

    This case explores the evolution of Nike's global product sourcing strategy, in particular ongoing efforts to improve working conditions at its suppliers' factories. When the case opens in July 2018, Vice President of Sourcing Amanda Tucker and her colleagues in Nike's Global Sourcing and Manufacturing division were focusing on three key supply chain challenges: sourcing from suppliers that ...

  4. Global Ethical Sourcing: The Case of Nike

    The current study analyses Nike's journey to responsible sourcing in the global market. The. study discusses how the problem of Nike's sweatshop supply chain emerged and how the public ...

  5. PDF Sustainable ethical sourcing: The case of Nike

    global sourcing practices aiming to improve the labor standards among their upstream business partners, primarily in developing countries (Locke 2013). This case study explores ethical challenges within the global supply chain of a major sportswear manufacturer-Nike. In the 80's Nike was criticized for its sweatshop supply chain.

  6. Global Sourcing at Nike

    This Teaching Note describes how to teach the Nike case (HBS No. 619-008) in an operations/supply chain course or a corporate sustainability/ethics course. ... Hsieh, Nien-he, Michael W. Toffel, and Olivia Hull. "Global Sourcing at Nike." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 619-061, June 2019. (Revised January 2023.) Purchase; About The ...

  7. Global Sourcing at Nike

    This case explores the evolution of Nike's global product sourcing strategy, in particular ongoing efforts to improve working conditions at its suppliers' factories. When the case opens in July 2018, Vice President of Sourcing Amanda Tucker and her colleagues in Nike's Global Sourcing and Manufacturing division were focusing on three key supply ...

  8. Global Sourcing at Nike

    HBS Case Collection; Global Sourcing at Nike. By: Nien-hê Hsieh and Michael W. Toffel. Format: Electronic ... Hsieh, Nien-hê, and Michael W. Toffel. "Global Sourcing at Nike." Harvard Business School PowerPoint Supplement 623-709, January 2023. Purchase; About The Authors. Nien-he Hsieh.

  9. Global Sourcing at Nike

    This case explores the evolution of Nike's global product sourcing strategy, in particular ongoing efforts to improve working conditions at its suppliers' factories. When the case opens in July 2018, Vice President of Sourcing Amanda Tucker and her colleagues in Nike's Global Sourcing and Manufacturing division were focusing on three key supply ...

  10. Case Study: Global Sourcing at Nike (English version

    The Inside the Case video that accompanies this case includes teaching tips and insight from the author (available to registered educators only). This case explores the evolution of Nike's global product sourcing strategy, in particular ongoing efforts to improve working conditions at its suppliers' factories. When the case opens in July 2018, Vice President of Sourcing Amanda Tucker and her ...

  11. PDF Nike Considered: Getting Traction on Sustainability

    Approximately 40% of Nike brand sales were in the United States, the remainder from across the globe. Nike relied heavily on its brand, valued in 2008 at $12.7 billion, to drive sales.3 Nike enjoyed a 36% share of global athletic footwear, well ahead of top competitor Adidas' 22% share.4.

  12. Nike, Inc.

    The case is set in January 2020 and the case protagonist is John Donahoe, Nike's new CEO. Nike is the largest company worldwide in the athletic footwear, apparel, and equipment business. The case focuses on the challenges Donahoe faces as he attempts to drive Nike to the goal of $50 billion in annual revenues by 2021. The case focuses on Nike's competition, the convergence of technology with ...

  13. Award winner: Global Sourcing at Nike

    Benefits include: lower prices for teaching materials, a 50% discount on , royalties on case sales, free attendance at the annual Members' Case Forum, discounted case workshop places and much more! Global Sourcing at Nike won the Ethics and Social Responsibility category at The Case Centre Awards and Competitions 2023.

  14. Nike's Strategy to Improve Conditions in its Global Supply Chain

    Faculty & Research Publications Nike's Strategy to Improve Conditions in its Global Supply Chain - A Case Study. Nike's Strategy to Improve Conditions in its Global Supply Chain - A Case Study. ... Nike's approach to managing supplier responsibility has greatly evolved since the 1990s, when the media uncovered claims of child labor ...

  15. Sustainable ethical sourcing: The case of Nike

    Abstract. The current study analyses Nike's journey to sustainable sourcing in the global market. The study discusses how Nike's sweatshop supply chain emerged, how customers reacted and what the ...

  16. Teaching Cases

    Two cases have just won awards in the 2023 Case Center Awards and Competitions. The first is called Global Sourcing at Nike and takes the perspective of Amanda Tucker, Vice President of Sourcing at Nike (authors: Michael W. Toffel, Nien-hê Hsieh, and Olivia Hull). It "explores the evolution of Nike's efforts to improve working conditions ...

  17. Global Sourcing Nike Harvard Case Solution & Analysis

    Global Sourcing Nike Case Solution Executive Summary. Nike is the world's largest company that manufactures footwear, sports'apparel and casual apparels. In the competitive world; the company faced the challenges of the supply chain where it focused mainly on standard, challenging and encouraging the suppliers to analyze the demand and being responsive to it.

  18. Global Sourcing at Nike Case Study Solution for Harvard HBR Case Study

    The case defines the ongoing efforts of Nike tohelp improve the working condition in the supplier's factory. There were three main challenges in the supply chain; the standards sourcing from suppliers, improving supplier's capabilities, and response to consumer demand across the globe. There were ethical issues in the sourcing of suppliers ...

  19. PDF The Ethical Dilemma of Global Sourcing: The Case of Nike

    The current study analyses Nike's journey to responsible sourcing in the global market. The study discusses how the problem of Nike's sweatshop supply chain emerged and how the public

  20. Study Guide

    Study Guide - Case 5 - Global Sourcing at Nike • To study a firm as it re-organizes for Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), over time • To observe/analyze a firm with a global supply chain (Offshore Outsourcing) • To apply some of the main ideas/vocabulary from Core Reading: Strategic Sourcing • To learn from a high-performing firm with a valuable global brand • To identify and ...