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Mixtures Worksheet

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9.1: Mixtures and Solutions

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Learning Objectives

• Describe the difference between homogenous and heterogenous mixtures.
• Distinguish a homogenous mixture as a solution or colloid.

As introduced previously, mixtures are combinations of two or more substances that each retain their individual physical properties. A mixture can be classified as either heterogenous or homogenous . In a heterogeneous mixture, the composition is not uniform throughout the sample, and sometimes the individual substances that make up the mixture can be differentiated by eye. Trail mix, salad, and blood (which is also called a suspension) are examples of heterogenous mixtures. Homogenous mixtures are uniform and have the same composition throughout. Air, simple syrup, and seawater are examples of homogenous mixtures.

Homogenous mixtures can be further classified, based on the size of their particles, as solutions or colloids. Solutions are composed of particles the size of an ion or small molecule, ~0.1-2.0 nm. The examples provided above are all considered solutions; air is a solution of small gas molecules, simple syrup is a solution of sucrose in water, and seawater is a solution of ions and water. Homogenous mixtures with larger particles, ~2.0-500 nm, are classified as colloids . Milk, fog, and butter are all considered colloids. Mixtures with particles larger than 500 nm are called suspensions and are considered to be heterogenous mixtures in which the particles will settle upon standing. Many medications are classified as suspensions that need to be re-mixed before taking in order to redistribute the particles throughout the mixture. Some examples and distinguishing characteristics of solutions, colloids, and suspensions are listed in Table \(\PageIndex{1}\) below.

The major component of a solution, called the solvent , is typically the same phase as the solution itself. Each minor component of a solution (and there may be more than one) is called the solute . In most of the solutions we will describe in this textbook, there will be no ambiguity about whether a component is the solvent or the solute. For example, in a solution of salt in water, the solute is salt, and solvent is water.

Solutions come in all phases, and the solvent and the solute do not have to be in the same phase to form a solution (such as salt and water). For example, air is a gaseous solution of about 80% nitrogen and about 20% oxygen, with some other gases present in much smaller amounts. An alloy is a solid solution consisting of a metal (like iron) with some other metals or nonmetals dissolved in it. Steel, an alloy of iron and carbon and small amounts of other metals, is an example of a solid solution. Table \(\PageIndex{2}\) lists some common types of solutions, with examples of each.

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11th Grade Chemical Mixtures and Solutions Worksheets

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How to teach mixtures and solutions

11–14 chemistry: ideas, resources, and misconceptions to look out for

11–14 chemistry: David Paterson suggests ideas, resources, and misconceptions to look out for

How did knowledge of chemical mixtures prevent a major incident in the London Underground?

When an accidental leak of wet, quick-drying concrete flooded London’s Victoria underground station control room, engineers’ quick thinking and chemical knowledge prevented total disaster . They mixed large amounts of sugar into the concrete, slowing down the setting process, and allowing them time to clear up the spill.

When an accidental leak of wet, quick-drying concrete flooded London’s Victoria underground station control room, engineers’ quick thinking and chemical knowledge prevented total disaster. They mixed large amounts of sugar into the concrete, slowing down the setting process, and allowing them time to clear up the spill.   (Read the full story:   rsc.li/EiC-concrete)

Mixtures and solutions are a common occurrence in our everyday lives. They are the air we breathe, the food and drink we consume and the fabrics we wear. By studying how chemists distinguish pure substances from mixtures and solutions, students will start to appreciate how matter is organised at the atomic level. With this knowledge, we can manipulate matter to improve our health and quality of life.

What do students need to know about mixtures and solutions?

• Mixtures are materials that contain two or more chemical substances dispersed among each other (mixed together).
• If no chemical reaction occurs when two materials are mixed, they form a mixture. The chemical properties of the components don’t change.
• Mixtures can be separated by physical methods.
• There are two general types of mixtures: homogeneous and heterogeneous.
• Homogeneous mixtures: the particles of the substances are mixed together (there is no clumping of the particles) – eg air.
• Solutions are homogenous mixtures: particles of one substance (the solute) are mixed together with the particles of another substance (the solvent) – eg salty water.
• Heterogeneous mixtures: large aggregations (clumps) of the substances are mixed together – eg emulsions like oil in water.

When students are learning how to use technical language correctly, the number of new words to learn and the precision of use required can daunt them. The word ‘stuff’ is a useful starting point: while it is not an accepted scientific term, it has tangible meaning for most students so is a useful linguistic stepping stone.

Students understand the world is made of stuff, and different stuff has different properties. Our job is to help them move beyond their view of the world based on their senses, to the submicroscopic world where different chemical substances are arranged in different ways. The Gatsby Science Enhancement Programme’s ‘Stuff and substance’ package  provides lots of simple activities and animations.

Students understand the world is made of stuff, and different stuff has different properties. Our job is to help them move beyond their view of the world based on their senses, to the submicroscopic world where different chemical substances are arranged in different ways. The Gatsby Science Enhancement Programme’s ‘Stuff and substance’ package provides lots of simple activities and animations (bit.ly/2DoV2o1).

Ideas for the classroom

Source: David Paterson

Using physical models provides students a hook for developing their understanding. For example, present them with a set of pots containing identical plain beads, identically sized but differently coloured beads, and beads of the same colour but different sizes.

After they have had a couple of minutes to look at them and discuss, pose the questions …

Which of the pots contain mixtures? How can you tell? What properties of the contents are you using to make this decision?

The students should identify the last two as mixtures, as they contain beads differing in size or colour. Ask students to present their reasoning to the class, and ask others to agree or disagree and explain why. Challenge those presenting sophisticated arguments to extend their reasoning. For example, for the third pot, ‘Is it enough to say the beads are different because they have different sizes? Would you make the same argument for apples of different sizes?’ This type of questioning can help students look beyond surface properties and consider whether there are other more important properties of objects and substances.

Repeat and extend the activity to more ‘chemical’ examples by presenting the students with sealed test tubes of salt, sand, salt and sand, and zinc pieces and copper turnings.

In your class

Want to try this activity with your class? Download the PowerPoint slides for a step-by-step, in-class guide ( ppt or pdf ).

Want to try this activity with your class? Download the PowerPoint slides for a step-by-step, in-class guide (rsc.li/2Gnctsm).

Once students are able to identify and explain mixtures, move on to the properties of mixtures. Students should understand that substances in mixtures retain their properties, and the properties of the mixture are a combination of these properties. Real-world examples can help students with these concepts. For example, sugar is sweet, water is wet, and a sugar solution is sweet and wet. The ‘Separating Mixtures’ activity in Learn Chemistry provides a useful hook for students’ understanding.

Once students are able to identify and explain mixtures, move on to the properties of mixtures. Students should understand that substances in mixtures retain their properties, and the properties of the mixture are a combination of these properties. Real-world examples can help students with these concepts. For example, sugar is sweet, water is wet, and a sugar solution is sweet and wet. The ‘Separating Mixtures’ activity in Learn Chemistry provides a useful hook for students’ understanding (rsc.li/2tIg0yJ).

Demonstrate making solutions by dissolving sugar in water, and the reverse by gently heating small volumes of the solution in evaporating dishes. Show miscible liquids (liquids that mix) and immiscible liquids (liquids that don’t mix) by mixing alcohol and water, and oil and water, respectively. Demonstrate other types of mixtures, such as suspensions, gels and foams, with flour in water, jelly and whipped cream.

Students will encounter many examples of mixtures throughout their chemistry studies, providing them regular opportunities to reinforce their understanding of mixtures and solutions.

For example:

• air is a homogeneous mixture that contains oxygen, nitrogen, argon and other gases;
• iron filings with sulfur powder is a commonly used heterogeneous mixture;
• salty water is a solution that contains particles of salt mixed with particles of water.

Encourage students to find their own examples from their own homes.

Need some inspiration for planning a lesson? Download this example lesson plan that incorporates these ideas ( MS Word or pdf ).

Need some inspiration for planning a lesson? Download this example lesson plan that incorporates these ideas (rsc.li/2Gnctsm).

Common misconceptions

Most ‘pure’ materials we come across in everyday life are actually mixtures of several chemicals. The difference between everyday purity (eg ‘100% pure orange juice’) and chemical purity (ie materials containing particles of only one chemical substance) causes considerable confusion. It is helpful to emphasise that learning science is as much about learning a new language as it is about learning concepts and skills.

When solutions form, many students think the mass of the solute is lost as it disappears into solution, although they will readily describe sugary water as tasting sweet. They may rarely recognise that the properties of a mixture are dependent on its exact composition.

Finally, students rarely recognise water (a very common solvent) as being particulate. Student-drawn representations of sugar dissolving in water often shows sugar particles in a continuous background of water.

Chemical misconceptions contains many useful ideas and worksheets to help diagnose students thinking. The ‘Elements, compounds and mixtures’ and ‘Mass and dissolving’ sections are particularly useful.

Chemical misconceptions  contains many useful ideas and worksheets to help diagnose students thinking. The ‘Elements, compounds and mixtures’ (rsc.li/1pXL7iV) and ‘Mass and dissolving’ (rsc.li/2HuAT2F) sections are particularly useful.

Sample diagnostic question

You have a beaker of water that weighs 200 g. You add 10 g copper sulfate to the beaker of water. Initially, the copper sulfate solid can be seen in the water, but 10 minutes later the solid cannot be seen and the water turns blue.

What is the mass of the beaker and its contents when the copper sulfate is first added? What is the mass when it has all finally dissolved in the water? Explain your answers.

Formative assessment

Students will not gain a proficient understanding of mixtures and solutions the first time they encounter these ideas. Regular formative assessment will help them to develop their understanding. For example, ask students to:

• write an explanation for describing a material as a mixture or a solution;
• draw a particle diagram of a substance, clearly distinguishing the different components;
• complete a short quiz on keyword definitions.

Then provide them with feedback and have them recomplete the task.

Progression to 14–16

The nature of chemical substances is a fundamental concept in chemistry, underpinning most of 14–16 chemistry. Concepts of elements, compounds, atoms and molecules will add to the understanding of mixtures and solutions, alongside separation techniques. These concepts will be reinforced and contextualised at 14–16, when students study materials such as crude oil and rock ores. Students will also need to understand the nature of chemical models. Consider refreshing your own knowledge of this area with the free ‘Developing and Using Models’ online course .

The nature of chemical substances is a fundamental concept in chemistry, underpinning most of 14–16 chemistry. Concepts of elements, compounds, atoms and molecules will add to the understanding of mixtures and solutions, alongside separation techniques. These concepts will be reinforced and contextualised at 14–16, when students study materials such as crude oil and rock ores. Students will also need to understand the nature of chemical models. Consider refreshing your own knowledge of this area with the free ‘Developing and Using Models’ online course (rsc.li/CPD-models).

Take-home points

• Mixtures are materials that contain two or more chemical substances mixed together (but not reacted together). Substances retain their chemical characteristics in mixtures.
• Substances described as ‘pure’ in everyday life are likely to be chemical mixtures.
• Listen to how students use the language and ideas of mixtures in the classroom, and help them rethink and rephrase as required.
• Students’ understanding of mixtures will be developed into their understanding of compounds, where mixed substances react together to create new substances.

Mixtures - what do they look like?

Example lesson plan.

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Solutions and mixtures worksheets are an essential resource for teachers who aim to provide comprehensive and engaging Science and Chemistry lessons to their students. These worksheets cover a wide range of topics, from the basic concepts of solubility and concentration to more advanced topics like chemical reactions and the properties of different types of mixtures. By incorporating these worksheets into their lesson plans, teachers can ensure that their students gain a thorough understanding of the subject matter while also developing critical thinking and problem-solving skills. Furthermore, solutions and mixtures worksheets can be easily tailored to suit the specific needs and learning styles of students at various grade levels, making them an invaluable tool for educators in the field of Science and Chemistry.

Quizizz is a fantastic platform that offers a variety of educational resources, including solutions and mixtures worksheets, to help teachers create engaging and interactive lessons for their students. In addition to worksheets, Quizizz also provides teachers with access to a vast library of quizzes, games, and other activities that can be easily integrated into lesson plans to reinforce key concepts and make learning more enjoyable for students. By utilizing Quizizz's extensive range of resources, teachers can create customized learning experiences that cater to the unique needs and interests of their students, regardless of their grade level. Moreover, Quizizz's user-friendly interface and analytics tools make it easy for teachers to track student progress and identify areas where additional support may be needed, ensuring that every student has the opportunity to succeed in their Science and Chemistry studies.

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Chemistry 11 Mixtures Assignment

Displaying top 8 worksheets found for - Chemistry 11 Mixtures Assignment .

Some of the worksheets for this concept are Topic elements compounds and, Separating mixtures and solution work, Unit 1 some basic concepts of chemistry chemistry, The properties and structure of matter, Introduction to chem istry, Elements compounds mixtures, Chapter 8, Laboratory manual of practical inorganic ii chemistry.

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1. TOPIC 1. ELEMENTS, COMPOUNDS AND MIXTURES.

2. separating mixtures and solution worksheets, 3. unit 1 some basic concepts of chemistry chemistry, 4. the properties and structure of matter, 5. introduction to chem istry, 6. elements, compounds, mixtures, 7. chapter 8, 8. laboratory manual of practical inorganic ii chemistry.

• Is Matter Around Us Pure?

In chemistry, a mixture is a compound made up of two or more chemical components that are not chemically linked. A mixture is a physical blend of two or more substances that preserve their identities and are blended in the form of solutions, suspensions, or colloids.

Table of Contents

What is a mixture, general properties of mixtures, recommended videos, examples of mixtures.

• What is a Heterogeneous Mixture?
• What is a Homogeneous Mixture?

Characteristics of Mixtures

• Frequently Asked Questions – FAQs

In chemistry, when two or more substances mix with each other without participating in a chemical change, the resulting substance is called a Mixture.

The result formed due to the combination of substances does not lose its individuality nor are they combined chemically. Mixtures are the one product of a mechanical blending or mixing of chemical substances such as elements and compounds.

Mixtures are made up of two or more substances that are not chemically combined with each other. The properties of mixtures are listed below.

• The components of a mixture each keep their original properties.
• The separation of components can be easily done.
• The proportion of the components is variable.

• Crude oil : A mixture of organic compounds (mainly hydrocarbons)
• Seawater : A mixture of various salt and water.
• Air : a mixture of various gases like oxygen, carbon dioxide, nitrogen , argon, neon, etc.
• Ink : A mixture of coloured dyes.
• Gunpowder : A mixture of sulfur, potassium nitrate and carbon.

Types of Mixtures

There are two main types of mixtures: homogeneous mixtures and heterogeneous mixtures . The types of mixtures are discussed below.

1. What is a Heterogeneous Mixture?

A mixture of sand mixed with salt is an example of a heterogeneous mixture. Heterogeneous mixtures possess different properties and compositions in various parts i.e. the properties are not uniform throughout the mixture.

Examples of Heterogeneous mixtures –  air, oil, water, etc.

2. What is a Homogeneous Mixture?

Sugar mixed with water is the most common example of a homogeneous mixture. Homogeneous mixtures can be defined as the mixtures which possess the same properties and combination throughout their mass.

Examples of Homogeneous mixtures –  alloys, salt, and water, alcohol in water, etc.

The constituents of a mixture are not present in a fixed ratio. The various characteristics of mixtures are discussed below.  

• There is no chemical force acting between the two or more substances that are mixed, but they still exist together.
• They can either be heterogeneous or homogeneous in nature.
• The proportions of the substances vary in an indefinite manner.
• The properties of the mixture depend upon the individual components.
• The constituents of the mixture can be separated by physical methods.
• The boiling point and the melting point of the mixture depends upon the characteristic of the constituents.
• During the formation of a mixture, there is no change in energy.
• All the states of matter (solid, liquid, gases) can combine to form mixtures.

It can be concluded that almost everything in our vicinity is nothing but a mixture. For example, the food we eat is a mixture of ingredients, the atmospheric air we breathe is a combination of gases and the fuel we use in locomotives is a heterogeneous mixture.

Frequently Asked Questions – FAQs

What are the categories that mixtures can be classified into.

Mixtures can be classified into the following categories:

• Homogeneous mixtures – possess the same properties and combination throughout their mass.
• Heterogeneous mixtures – possess different properties and compositions in various parts.

What are the Key Properties of Mixtures?

Each individual component of a mixture retains its original physical and chemical properties.  Also, it is generally easy to separate the individual components of a mixture. Finally, the proportion of the components throughout the mixture varies.

Which is an example of a mixture?

Combining two or more substances shapes a mixture. Regardless of where you test it, a homogeneous solution appears uniform. Homogeneous mixtures are sources of soil, saline solution, most alloys and bitumen. Sand, oil and water and chicken noodle soup are examples of heterogeneous mixtures.

Is Vinegar a mixture?

Vinegar is a homogeneous mixture of water and acetic acid. It is a solution because the mixture created has only one phase. Through combining two or more chemical substances, mixtures are formed. If the material has more than one phase, it is otherwise referred to as a mixture.

What is a simple mixture?

A mixture is a material composed of two or more simpler substances in chemistry. Such materials can be compounds or chemical elements. A mixture of liquids, solids, or gases can be produced. When sugar is put in water, for example, it forms a mixture, then it dissolves to create a solution.

Put your understanding of this concept to test by answering a few MCQs. Click ‘Start Quiz’ to begin!

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what are the 5 properties of a mixture?

There is no chemical force acting between the two or more substances that are mixed, but they still exist together. They can either be heterogeneous or homogeneous in nature. The proportions of the substances vary in an indefinite manner. The properties of the mixture depending upon the individual components. The constituents of the mixture can be separated by physical methods.

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What are the four types of mixtures?

There are four main types of mixtures that is solid-solid, liquid-liquid, solid-liquid and gaseous mixtures .

what about solutions, suspension & colloidal mixtures?

Click here to learn about Solutions , Suspension and Colloidal mixtures .

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