ignou assignment marks 2021 22

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The Status is indicative only & cannot be used as a substitute for the final grade card. The Final Grade Card will be issued after completion of the Programme on updation of all prescribed components.

Not withstanding the result published/declared, any case of ufm(unfair means) if found will make such result null and void..

IGNOU MA History (MHI) Solved Assignments 2021-22

• 1.1.1 IGNOU MHI 1st Year Assignments Free Download (in English & Hindi Medium)
• 1.2.1 IGNOU MHI 2nd Year Assignments Free Download (in English & Hindi medium)
• 2 Last Date of Ignou MA History Assignment submission
• 3 Guidelines to write IGNOU MA History Solved Assignments
• 4 How to obtain IGNOU MA History first & second Year Solved Assignments?

IGNOU MA History Solved Assignments 2021-22

Students of Indira Gandhi National Open University who are pursuing Master degree in History have to submit Ignou MA History solved assignments to complete their courses.

They can download Tutor Marked assignments in both English & Hindi medium from the official website for the session 2021-22.The Ignou MHI assignments can be downloaded in any of the medium as per the requirement.

For MHI Solved Assignments, Whatsapp at: 7428482160

The details of Ignou MA History assignments has been mentioned below:

• Programme Name: Master Degree Programme in History
• Programme Code: MHI
• Validity of Assignment: These assignments will remain valid for July 2021 and January 2022 session.

There are two sections of questions in each Ignou MA History assignment 2021-22 i.e. Section A and Section B.

In section A, there are 20 marks questions each. For 20 marks question, the word limit to write answer is 500 each.

In Section B, the questions are of 10 or 20 marks each. the word limit for 10 marks questions is 250 words each.

Related Post:  

• IGNOU MEG solved assignments  
• IGNOU MEC solved assignments

IGNOU MHI First Year Solved Assignments 2021-22

The students have to prepare the solved assignments for the Core Courses in the first year.The code and name for the courses for which assignments have to be submitted by students in the first year has been mentioned below:

The maximum marks for each assignment is 100. The university gives 30% weightage to these assignments.

It means the 30% of the total marks obtained by the students in the assignments will be added in the total marks of the course.

Therefore total marks for any course will be combination of 70% theory and 30% assignment marks.

IGNOU MHI 1st Year Assignments Free Download (in English & Hindi Medium)

Students can easily download Ignou MA History 1st year assignment question papers free of cost from the university official website.They do not have to pay any charges or fee for that.

The university also send the hard copy of MHI first year assignments at the physical communication address of student. In case, if anyone do not receive it, he/she may download it here…

• Assignment Code:  MHI-001,002,004,005 /TMA/2021-22
• First Year Assignment – Download Link

IGNOU MHI 2nd Year Solved Assignments 2021-22

In the second year of Ignou MA History programme, students have to submit solved assignments for the following elective courses:

IGNOU MHI 2nd Year Assignments Free Download (in English & Hindi medium)

Students can easily download Ignou MA History 2nd year assignment question papers free of cost from the university official website.They do not have to pay any charges or fee for that.

The university also send the hard copy of MHI second year assignments at the physical communication address of student. In case, if anyone do not receive it, he/she may download it here…

• Assignment Code: MHIE-003,006,008,009,010, MPSE-003,004 /AST/TMA/2021-22
• Second Year Assignment – Download Link

Last Date of Ignou MA History Assignment submission

Students have to submit the solved assignments of Ignou MA History programme in both first and second year for the courses which requires it. Let’s discuss about these courses…

Guidelines to write IGNOU MA History Solved Assignments

• Please read the assignments thoroughly and carefully
• Students have to answer the questions as per the word limit.
• Write the answers in your own handwriting.
• Try to write answers in your own words. Don’t just copy & paste the answers from the study material.

How to obtain IGNOU MA History first & second Year Solved Assignments?

It is always good to solve assignments by yourself.Because it help students to go through complete study material. It also help them in exam preparation.

In case, if someone is unable to solve assignment then he/she may request for Ignou MA History solved assignments 2021-22 for all subjects in the form of PDF at cheap price.

All you have to do is to click on this link to get assignments:

Click here to get solved assignments

Or you can send email at: [email protected]

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i have need Ma history assignment

please contact at [email protected]

Please inbox me MHI-10 Solved Assignment 2017-18 as Possible as Earliest.

sir i need ma history assisment mhi 10 and mhi 09 in hindi medium july 2017 session

M.a.history 1st year ka assignment hindi medium 2018-2019 answer ki jarurat hai

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A Leading Portal for IGNOU Students

IGNOU Assignment Status, Marks & Result 2024 (UPDATED)

IGNOU Assignment Status, Marks, and Result 2024 – Students who are anxious to know whether their IGNOU assignments are accepted and processed or not can now check their IGNOU assignment submission status on the official portal. Here, Students will get to know about the IGNOU Assignment Status for the most recent TEE sessions June 2024 and the previous December 2023. Furthermore, The students who are preparing for TEE June 2024 must complete their assignments as the deadline is approaching fast. Once you have submitted the assignments, you can check the assignment status from time to time to check the acceptance, approval, and evaluation of the assignments. The university provides a link on its official portal that leads to the assignment status window.

Assignments are extremely essential components in the IGNOU curriculum. It carries about 30% of the grade card weightage. So, a good score on your assignments will also ensure that you get good grades. You can fail in the assignments because of several reasons like not abiding by the assignment guidelines. Hence, you must check the guidelines carefully and then submit them to avoid consequences.

You May Also Read:

• IGNOU Assignment Passing Marks 2024
• IGNOU Assignment Grade 2024
• IGNOU Assignment Result 2024
• IGNOU Regional Centre Contact Details
• IGNOU Study Centre Contact Details

IGNOU Assignment Status 2024

As we all know that the university has started the submission of IGNOU Assignment for TEE June 2024 session. Therefore, we hope that the IGNOU RCs across the country has also begun to update the IGNOU Assignment Status Online for the most recent TEE session June 2024. As of now, the students will only get to know the status of “ Received to be Processed ” as the assignment marks and results for the session June 2024 will be declared together with IGNOU TEE Result June 2024. Therefore, candidates are advised to do check their IGNOU Assignment status regularly to get their assignment marks and results online as soon as possible.

IGNOU assignment status and marks for TEE December 2023 are now uploaded with the TEE Result December 2023 so keep checking the assignment status regularly to get your marks. If you already submitted the IGNOU Assignment for the session December 2023 to your study centre or through online or offline mode then you don’t have to wait for more time. The link to check your assignment status and marks is now updated to confirm whether it gets updated online or not. The assignment status and marks for June & December 2023 are generally updated with the TEE Result for June & December 2023 respectively.

IGNOU Assignment Status Update Process & Time

After submission of assignments through any of the available methods, the assignments goes for an evaluation to the evaluator of the study centre or regional centre. Once Evaluator has successfully evaluated your assignment then they will either upload your marks directly on the IGNOU Official Site or it will be sent to IGNOU Delhi for updating online and thereafter it can be seen by each student to get their report. You can get your Marks, Status, Grades, and Results of your Assignments from here. Generally, IGNOU Assignment marks updating and uploading within 40 days after submission to the concerned study or regional centre.

IGNOU Assignment Submission Status List 2024

The students of TEE June 2024, December 2023, June 2023, and December 2022 may check the status of their IGNOU Assignments from here. The submission of the IGNOU Assignment for session December 2023 was already over so candidates can now regularly check the status to get to know whether their marks are updated in the grade card or not. We also want to inform our students that the assignment marks for Dec 2023 session also get updated with the TEE Result Dec 2023 so students are advised to check their assignment marks by following the given procedure.

Furthermore, The students from June 2022, December 2021, and June 2021 session can also find their IGNOU Assignment marks and result here.

How to Check IGNOU Assignment Status, Marks & Result 2024?

Many of the students are getting confused about checking their assignment status & marks online after the submission of their assignments to the study centre which they prepared with their hard work. We have made the process easier for students to find their assignment status, marks & results in one place.

Step – 1 – Click on the given link to check IGNOU Assignment Status 2024.

Step – 2 – Now enter your enrollment number on the window that opens.

Step – 3 – Next, select your respective program.

Step – 4 – Click on Submit to get your assignment status.

Once you notice that the assignment status is showing ‘Received to be Processed’, you can consider that the assignments are gone for evaluation finally.

Click to Check the IGNOU Assignment Status, Marks, and Results

Note – IGNOU Assignment status may take some time to get updated online so candidates are requested to keep checking their status regularly to find their assignment marks from here. In some cases, the study centre first evaluates the assignment, after evaluation, they send the marks to the regional centre and then the concerned authority at RC uploads the marks online which definitely takes some time.

IGNOU Assignment Status Meaning

When you check through the IGNOU assignment status, you may come up with three different statuses accordingly. Here are the meanings of these statuses that you notice on the window:

Received to be Processed: This status means the portal has received the assignment successfully.

Received and in Process: According to this status, the authorities have downloaded your assignment to start the evaluation.

Check Grade Card Status for Detail: Finally, your assignments are checked and marked.

IGNOU Assignment Result and Marks 2024

The assignment status will show you when the evaluation is done. The university will start updating your marks on the grade card as soon as the evaluation of the assignments is done. So, you must check the grade card after the assignment status says you to do so.

Step – 1 – Visit the official IGNOU portal at www.ignou.ac.in and go to Student Zone.

Step – 2 –  Search for Results and click on it.

Step – 3 – From the left panel, click on Grade Card.

Step – 4 – Provide your program, course, and enrolment number to search and get your grade card.

As you see your grade card, you can check whether the university has updated your assignment marks on it or not. If the search results are leading to an error, this means the university has not yet started updating the grade cards of the students for this semester.

What If IGNOU Assignment Status Is Not Updated?

Sometimes the update process of IGNOU Assignment status gets delayed for an unknown reason like the evaluation of assignments is delayed in the concerned study centre or maybe the regional centre has not uploaded your assignment marks online. Candidates can wait till the declaration of the result to get updates on their assignment but if you are not able to find your assignment status or marks even after the release of the TEE Result then you need to connect with centre where you submitted your assignments.

Also Check: IGNOU Helpline Number

In most cases, candidates have to visit their IGNOU Study Centre and complain to the coordinator of centre to get updates regarding their pending assignment marks and status. Please keep a copy of the grade card and don’t forget the receipt of the assignment that you received while submitting of assignments. Once you follow the given instructions, you will get your assignment marks updated online.

Also Read: IGNOU IGRAM – Raise a Complaint

If your issue is not resolved after many attempts of visiting or contacting your RC and SC then do raise a complaint at the IGRAM portal. The grievance team will take appropriate action on your assignment work and will revert to you with the exact solution.

IGNOU Assignment Status 2024: FAQs

Q1. Is it necessary to keep track of my IGNOU Assignment Status? Answer: Yes, it is crucial to regularly monitor your assignment status.

Q2. How much time does IGNOU take to update assignment marks? Answer: You should check your IGNOU assignment after a month to 45 days after the submission of the assignments.

Q3. How can I check my IGNOU Assignment Submission Status? Answer: Candidates can check their IGNOU Assignment Status online through their enrollment number and program code.

Q4. Where can I check my assignment status in IGNOU? Answer: You can check the IGNOU assignment status through the link https://isms.ignou.ac.in/changeadmdata/StatusAssignment.asp .

Q5. What do received and in the process mean? Answer: Received means the university has accepted and approved the assignment while ‘in process’ means the assignment is being evaluated.

Q6. Why is IGNOU not showing assignment status? Answer: If the window is not showing the status, you might not have submitted the assignment according to the guidelines, or the status is yet to be updated by the respective study or regional centre.

Q7. Whom should I contact regarding an incomplete Assignment Status or Result? Answer: Reach out to the Study Centre or Regional Centre where you submitted your assignments for assistance.

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757 thoughts on “IGNOU Assignment Status, Marks & Result 2024 (UPDATED)”

sir mara assignment ka no. show nahin ho rha hai 2023 ko 31 March ko submit krbai thi

Dear sir/madam

After multiple reminders, my makrs not updated in grade card and not showing in result sheet, and also not updated assignment marks for this subject, It’s always showing not opted, but it’s not my fault, I opted this subject and also written examination, but due to some technical issues, marks not uploaded,

It my humble request to you, please update my makrs in grade card and result sheet, both, written exam marks and assignment marks. For the subject of MECE001

Please please update it, I worried about my course completion.

Thanks & Regards Sanjeev Kumar COURSE -MEC Enrollment no: 2200487857

Hello sir…Mera name Manisha kumari h……Maise apna assistant apne IGNOU Study centre 05172 … Date 03/10/2023 ko subject BHIC 105 ka assignment jama ki thi or thik do din yani 5/10/2023 ko BANS 184 ko speed post ke dwara Patna IGNOU branch mithapur me bheji thi……

Apse Nivedan h ki Mera dono subject ka assignment number apdate karne ki kirpa kar….

Name Manisha kumari subject…BANS 184 BHIC 105 Enrollment number 2201529005.

bfdi073 not completed ho rha hai sir carde Card mai …exam or assinmat dono mai pass hu…fir bhe

sir main b.a 3th part ka students hu mera name pooja kumari haï exam from nhi dalaya q

Mera roll no 2252162862 hai dec 2023 ke assignment marks abhi tak update nahi hue🥺 kab tak update honge please answer me 🙏.

i am not getting results of my last examination result and assignment result.

please guide.

Mera roll number 2005072840 ha.main bag ki Student hun.mera bag Ka final grade card me mere ek Subject bfdi 073 Ka assignment not completed dikha rha h.jbki mere assignment me 50 me 30 marks han

Mera bhi yhi Hal h

why my assignment results not declared yet

Sir,may I clear a doubt, My enrolment no 2302010240, Geetha pallipravan. January 2023 session meg result has come. But l didn’t get Assignment marks. Is it published or yet to be published? My Rc is vadakara and study center Nirmalagiri College, Kuthuparamba. waiting for your reply.

Dear Respected Sir/Madam, I would like to inform you regarding my assignments , my 9 assignment papers has Not been update , kindly try to update my 9 papers assignment .Iam a ignou student Of English honours , Programme BAEGH , my study centre code is GarobadhaSt.Dominic Savio Mission ignou , I was submitted assignments on 18/1/2024 my enrollment number is 2005219340 , Regional centre NEHU Shillong Lemshing Mawkynrah pin code 793022

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BSOG-173: Rethinking Development

Ignou solved assignment solution for 2021-22, if you are looking for bsog-173 ignou solved assignment solution for the subject rethinking development, you have come to the right place. bsog-173 solution on this page applies to 2021-22 session students studying in bag, bahih, bapsh, bapch, bapah, baegh, bapfhmh, baech, bscanh, bahdh courses of ignou., looking to download all solved assignment pdfs for your course together, bsog-173 solved assignment solution by gyaniversity.

Assignment Code: BSOG-173/ASST /TMA /July 2021-22

Course Code : BSOG-173

Assignment Name : Rethinking Development

Year : 2021-2022

Verification Status: Verified by Professor

Total Marks: 100

Assignment-I

Answer the following in about 500 words each.

Q1. How the industrialization paved the way of modernization? Discuss. 20

Ans) Modernization is a multi-faceted social development process that alters a society's social, cultural, economic, and political order. It announces the end of a tradition. The pursuit of modernity began with the Enlightenment. Reason, empiricism, science, progress, freedom, universalism, and other Enlightenment philosophies are what the modernization process involves. Industrialization in Britain, as well as political upheavals in France, the United Kingdom, and the United States, gave birth to new concepts such as capitalism, citizenship, democracy, and development. All of these factors contributed to the modernization process' gradual progression.

Modernization, according to James O' Connell, is the transformation of a traditional or pre-technological culture into a society marked by machine technology, rational and secular views, and greatly varied social structures. Adoption of 'Western' political and economic institutions was the goal. "The process of social development in which less developed societies acquire features common to more developed societies; the process is stimulated by international, or intersocietal, communication," writes Daniel Lerner (1958). Modernization is a societal change process in which economic development is a key component. It refers to a social process that results in an environment with increasing output per person.

Lerner lists some traits of modern cultures that modernization was supposed to bring about:

a level of economic growth that is self-sustaining

Electoral democracy, or public participation in politics

A civilization based on rational and secular principles

Increased societal mobility, i.e. freedom of physical, social, and psychological movement

The emergence of a personality type, namely, a "mobile personality" marked by rationality, empathy, and other-directedness (orientation of a person who depends on constant approval of others for confirmation of his self-image).

The use of certain methods to achieve modernization.

Modernization, and by extension development, was a revolutionary process that transformed rural agrarian cultures into urban industrial cultures, according to Huntington's essay "The Change to Change: Modernization, Development, and Politics." Modernization, according to Alvin Toffler, is the transition from the "First Wave" (agricultural society) to the "Second Wave" (industrial era society). He also discusses how wealthy countries are transitioning from a "Second Wave" to a "Third Wave" (post-industrial) society. Modernization, as a systemic process, is the result of various forces and processes: economic (the global capitalist economy), political (the rise of the secular state and polity), social (class formation and advanced sexual and social division of labour), and cultural (the rise of the secular state and polity) (the transition from a religious to a secular culture).

The classical pioneers of sociology presented their views of social change against the backdrop of the Industrial Revolution and industrialisation. Their works show that they were interested in the modernisation process. Marx discussed commodity production in capitalism as a source of oppression, exploitation, and alienation in his examination of modes of production. He believed that achieving socialism would be the pinnacle of progress. Division of labour and differentiation, according to Durkheim, would lead to society's progress. More functional dependency leads to organic solidarity and a higher level of modernity as difference increases. According to Max Weber, the advent of industrial society would lead to the rise of bureaucratic-rational society, with rationality as the means of societal advancement. Modernity rejects the transcendental reality in favour of science and rational social action calculation. Simmel looked at modernity from two perspectives: the city and the money economy. Modernity is felt in city life and in the spread of money. His modernization process comprises the creation of value, with money serving as the foundation for market development, modern economy, and, eventually, capitalist (modern) society.

Q2. Analyse the feminist critique of the policies of development. 20

Ans) Ecofeminism is another strain of the feminist movement that sees the link between women and development as unsatisfactory. According to this school of thinking, there are significant cultural and symbolic connections between exploitation or oppression of women and environment throughout human history. Ecofeminism arose in the 1970s as a counter-culture to the patriarchal notion that the gender divide often correlates to the divide between emotion and reason, nature, and civilisation, and even tradition and modernity. The ecofeminist disapproved of the first half of the pairings in this type of comparison. In other words, it denounced the patriarchal relationship between women and nature, which they labelled as humiliating. Not only patriarchy, but also communist parties, who, despite being anti-patriarchal, did not highlight this analogy as a point of contention.

The feminist critique of development arises from the discussion within ecofeminism between two distinct strands: essentialism and its rejection. Essentialists say that women are closer to nature than males because of their feminine essence. Women, according to essentialism, are a beacon of hope for the protection of nature. The reason is simple: women are more likely to have a maternal ethic of caring and protection because of their maternal instincts. However, other ecofeminists, such as Maria Mies, Bina Agarwal, and Vandana Shiva, oppose essentialism. They believe that women are more compatible with nature than men, but the reason for this is due to the social and historical construction of gender in a given culture. According to them, the division of labour and social role creation are at the heart of gendered environmental consciousness. For example, in most countries, women have traditionally done home activities such as collecting firewood, water, caring for animals, and cultivating orchards. As a result, they are exposed to nature more than men, resulting in their gradual closer to nature.

The anti-essentialists, like their post-colonial rivals, see development as a Western colonialism technique rooted in dominance over women and nature. According to Vandana Shiva, the last five decades of the twentieth century have been characterised by "badly directed progress." She feels that the unsustainable Western industrial paradigm has been transplanted to the South in the name of progress. Western multinational corporations, backed by governments of economically dominating nations, want to preserve the North's economic progress by transferring environmental costs to the Third World in a form of 'environmental apartheid.' Maria Mies, a German ecofeminist, has a greater understanding of this.

Mies claims that, following the subjection of nature and the colonisation of nations, imperial powers have turned to women's bodies as a "third colony." She considers development alternatives. Alternatives that may appeal to a woman's environmental consciousness. Reproductive activities, according to her alternative development model, would not only be shared by women and men, but also by other stakeholders such as nature, who have been left out of the development discourse. She also advocates overcoming the conflict between nature and labour, as well as prioritising local and regional economies above global markets in order to reclaim women's place in the development debate.

Assignment-II

Answer the following questions in about 250 words each.

Q3. What is the alternative of development? 10

Ans) Women finally became visible as development subjects during neoliberalism, but acknowledgment within social programmes remained elusive. Women faced wage discrimination and unequal working conditions in the workplace. And, at home, feeding the family, which had historically been a woman's responsibility, became increasingly difficult. Despite their inclusion in development strategies, this pointed to increased forms of patriarchal discrimination against women in both the public and private realms. This resulted in a vicious cycle of female poverty and feminisation of poverty.

As a result, a women's network called Development Alternatives with Women for a New Era (DAWN) criticised the narrow concept of development as economic growth during the second World Conference on Women in Nairobi in 1985. Instead, it claimed that materialism and indebtedness were to blame for the decline in women's living standards. "The socially responsible management and use of resources, the eradication of gender subordination and social inequity, and the organisational reform that can bring these about," DAWN described development. It argued that economic progress should be viewed as a vehicle for achieving holistic human development, rather than the other way around. As a result, post-colonial feminists criticised development strategies as a continuation of colonialism.

For example, in her 1997 book 'Feminist Genealogies, Colonial Legacies, Democratic Futures,' Indian feminist Chandra Talpade Mohanty argues that homogenising 'women' into a single category reduces women to their gender category, ignoring other important aspects of their identity such as class and ethnicity. Ethnocentric universalist feminism looks at the cultural institutions of the South, such as its family systems, legal and economic apparatuses, using Western standards as a reference point. As a result, it seems to be 'underdeveloped' or 'developing.' Transcultural feminism, which is built on feminist solidarity and is neither imperialist nor racist, is the answer, according to Mohanty. Similarly, Gayatri Spivak, a postcolonial feminist, views development as a neo-colonial successor to imperialism's civilising purpose in her 1995 essay "A Critiques of Post-Colonial Reason."

Q4. Describe Rostow’s historical approach of development. 10

Ans) Slavery, feudalism, and capitalism are all stages of the economy, according to Karl Marx. In fact, these stages symbolise the shift of the economy from rural to industrial, as a result of technological advancement. Later, W.W. Rostow's thesis asserts that economic development must follow a historical evolutionary path from one stage to the next. The second form of the index technique is Walt W. Rostow's Theory of Stages of Growth. Rostow recognised various intermediary stages of growth inside the gap between the undeveloped and developed worlds in The Stages of Economic Growth: A Non-Communist Manifesto. In their progression from relatively poor agrarian civilizations to highly industrialised mass-consumption economies, all economies are seen to go through five stages of economic growth.

These stages are as follows:

Traditional civilizations have limited 'productive functions,' and output per capita is minimal and does not tend to rise due to science and technology's inaccessibility. The importance of family and clan affiliations is underlined here. The values are 'fatalistic,' and political authority is dispersed.

The formulation of a set of pre-conditions for economic 'take-off' is the second stage. Traditional institutions are beginning to shift during this moment of upheaval. Gradually, the economy shifts toward the application of contemporary science and technology.

The 'take-off' stage occurs when the former barriers to constant expansion are removed and growth becomes the economy's natural state.

'Drive to maturity,' which is the stage during which the economy becomes more sophisticated, i.e. new industries emerge, reliance on imports decreases, and more exporting activities begin. Profit maximisation has become a must for survival.

Affluent population and durable and sophisticated consumer goods and services characterise this stage of high mass consumption. In this stage of society, all basic requirements are met, and more resources are allocated to social welfare and security. There is a rise in the welfare state.

Q5. Analyse the capability approach to human development. 10

Ans) Human beings, according to Amartya Sen's capacity approach, are the "means of all production" through which development can be achieved. It is not an increase in riches that will bring about development, but rather the use of people as a tool to that end. He believed that accumulating more wealth is merely a means to an end, and that it should be measured in terms of how it improves people's lives. For example, a country's national income may be great, but its citizens' well-being may be low. Human life should improve as a result of development. The capacity method, on the other hand, can be used to visualise human life. Three fundamental concepts underpin the capability approach to development: functioning, capability, and agency.

Human life's 'functionings,' according to the capability perspective, are 'a set of beings and doings.' As a result, the 'capacity to function' can be used to evaluate human existence. The term "functionings" relates to "being" and "doing" what people value. The freedom a person has to be or do what they value is referred to as capability. As a result, capability contributes to people's well-being. Individuals' ability to function can be used to measure quality of life. In assessing the quality of life, the capacity approach does not solely rely on income. The set of doings and beings, or the functioning, must be analysed under the capacity approach.

The ability to perform cherished activities can be used to measure life's richness. Because multiple functionings make up diverse aspects of life, a person is considered as having agency rather than being passive. The ability of a person to follow objectives that they value or have reason to value is referred to as agency. Individuals can choose their priorities and the tools to attain them as agents. However, because development decisions are determined by social groups rather than individuals, people must be informed and given the right to express their opinions and exert agency over development policy and implementation.

Assignment-III

Write a note on the following in about 100 words each.

Q6. Social environment 6

Ans) Biotic and abiotic aspects of human life are intertwined, just as societal structure and relationships shape the social environment. Cultural norms, values, and political, economic, and religious organisations are all part of the social environment. All of these institutions play an important role in the sociocultural environment, determining how environmental resources are used for the benefit and sustenance of society. Furthermore, the social environment can be defined as the society's overall structural organisation, which comprises diverse groups and institutions. The social environment is made up of major institutions and organisations in society that are concerned with such basic necessities of living.

A family is one of the fundamental institutions of social organisation in the socio-cultural environment, performing functions such as reproduction, socialisation, and the transmission of cultural tradition from one generation to the next, among others. Culture is a human-made component of the environment that also influences the social environment and social behaviour. The cultural environment is always influenced by social conventions, economic activity, political and religious institutions. Another key aspect that influences how resources are acquired and employed in economic activity is the economy. Environmental devastation and deterioration will result from the proper or wrong use or exploitation of natural resources.

Q7. Sectoral Development 6

Ans) The planning and implementation of development strategies for a specific sector of the economy, such as agriculture or manufacturing, is referred to as a sectoral development strategy. For example, shortly after independence, Indian policymakers considered creating industries. As a result, they devised strategies to produce technology or obtain it from other countries. The importance of technological education was emphasised. Many institutes and colleges were founded, either independently or in conjunction with other countries, including the United States of America, Russia, and the United Kingdom.

Heavy sectors such as textile, steel, and cement, on the other hand, have received funding. Later, when the country was confronted with a food crisis in the early 1960s, planners considered expanding the agricultural sector. As a result, numerous agricultural universities were established, assisting in the development of high-yielding crop varieties, insecticides and herbicides, and farm implements such as threshers. Extension services were made accessible to farmers in order to educate and encourage them to use modern agricultural technology, and loans were made available to farmers in large amounts. The fruits of these efforts can be seen in the shape of the green revolution. In terms of food, the country is now nearly self-sufficient.

Ans) The focus of development has gradually turned away from economic issues and toward individual and community concerns. Questions such – development for whom? – prompted such shifts. What is the price of development? The United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) created the Human Development Index (HDI) in 1990, which was published in the Human Development Report, based on similar reasoning. Enlarging people's choices is one of the primary principles used in the creation of the Human Development Index.

These options include the desire to live a long life, obtain education, have a comfortable quality of living, be gainfully employed, have access to clean air, and the freedom to live in a respectable community. Furthermore, to make the index more complete, it incorporated a restricted number of economic indicators such as life expectancy, adult literacy rate, and Gross National Product (GNP) adjusted for Purchasing Power Parity (PPP). In addition to the foregoing, benchmarks were created to track a country's progress in terms of development. Last but not least, this index visualised and implemented a synthesis of economic and social instruments for pragmatically gauging the growth of distinct societies.

Q9. Welfare approach to development 6

Ans) Until the 1970s, development projects primarily addressed the needs of women in terms of their reproductive duties. As a result, the only issues that received any attention in development policies were maternal and child health, child care, and nutrition. Later, as the link between population increase and poverty became more widely accepted, family planning and population control became more significant in such policies. The premise was that broad economic methods geared toward growth and modernisation would progressively help the disadvantaged, including impoverished women. The premise that women's fortunes would improve indirectly as the economy improved or as their husband's economic conditions improved was disputed by feminist proponents of this strategy, who pointed out that women were still on the losing end of the equation. As a result, women were linked with the conventional and backward, while males marched towards the contemporary and progressive. Women were left out of economic growth and welfare schemes that aided men in their modernisation projects, such as the introduction of new agricultural methods and crash crops.

Q10. Emigration 6

Ans) The relocation or process of people leaving one country to live in another is known as emigration. People emigrate for a variety of reasons, including bettering their chances of finding work or enhancing their quality of life. Emigration has both beneficial and negative effects on the economy of the nations involved, depending on the current state of the economies. People leaving a country reduce the labour force and consumer spending of that country. If the labour force in the country they are leaving is oversaturated, this can have the positive impact of lowering unemployment rates. On the other side, emigrant-receiving countries tend to profit from more available labour, who also spend money and contribute to the economy. While emigration usually refers to people leaving a country, immigration refers to people arriving in a country from another country. In other terms, immigration is the effect of the receiving country's emigration.

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BCOC 133 Solved Assignment 2021-22

COURSE CODE : BCOC 133

COURSE TITLE : BUSINESS LAW

ASSIGNMENT CODE : BCOC 133/TMA/2021-22

COVERAGE : ALL BLOCKS

BCOC 133 Solved Assignment 2021-22 : All assignments are in PDF format which would be send on email/WhatsApp (9958676204) just after payment.

Note: Attempt all the questions.

Section – A

Q-1 Distinguish between a Contract of indemnity and a contract of guarantee.

Q-2 Explain the various ways by which a contract can be discharged.

Q-3 Explain the doctrine of ‘Caveat Emptor’. What are the exceptions to this rule?

Q-4 Who is finder of lost goods? Explain his rights and duties.

Q-5 An agreement in restraint of trade is void. Discuss this statement with exceptions to it.

Section – B

Q.6 Define undue influence. What is the effect of it on the validity of a contract?

Q.7 How can a firm be dissolved by the order of the court.

Q.8 Who is a minor? When can a minor enter into a valid contract?

Q.10 What are essentials of a valid endorsement?

Section – C

Q.11 What is irrevocable agency?

Q.12 What is negotiation?

Q.13 An unregistered partnership firm is illegal, comment.

Q.14 What is free consent?

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