subject pronoun
reflexive pronoun
(singular)
(plural)
We often use reflexive pronouns when the subject and the object of the verb refer to the same person or thing:
He cut himself on the broken glass.
She made herself a cup of tea and sat down in front of the television.
Parents often blame themselves for the way their children behave.
We use a reflexive pronoun to make it clear who or what is being referred to.
in the mirror. | The subject and the object are the same. |
in the mirror. | The subject and the object are different. Agnes is looking at someone else in the mirror. |
We can use reflexive pronouns for emphasis:
The director of the company wrote to us himself to apologise for the dreadful service. (or The director of the company himself wrote to us to apologise for the dreadful service .)
We don’t use reflexive pronouns on their own as the subject of a clause, but we can use them with a noun or pronoun to emphasise the subject:
Parents and teachers always pass on to children what they themselves have been told, and this has been going on for hundreds, or even thousands of years.
We often use reflexive pronouns with by to mean ‘alone’ or ‘without any help’:
Why don’t you go by yourself ?
The children made the entire meal by themselves .
We sometimes use reflexive pronouns instead of personal pronouns for politeness, but not as the subject of a clause:
The National Trust is a charity depending on the support of people like yourself . (or … people like you .)
We don’t use reflexive pronouns with verbs of everyday actions unless we want to emphasise something:
She washed and dressed and had breakfast in the tiny kitchen.
Not: She washed herself and dressed herself …
Pronouns: personal ( I, me , you , him , it , they , etc.)
Each other , one another
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English grammar rules.
When the Subject and the Object in a sentence refer to the same person or thing we use a Reflexive Pronoun .
It is the only area of English grammar that is reflexive.
Subject Pronouns | Reflexive Pronouns |
---|---|
I | Myself |
You | Yourself |
He | Himself |
She | Herself |
It | Itself |
We | Ourselves |
You (pl) | Yourselves |
They | Themselves |
If you are using YOU in the plural, the reflexive pronoun is yourselves .
Examples of sentences using reflexive pronouns:
1. When the subject and the object refer to the same person or thing.
2. We use them for emphasis.
3. In some cases we use it to have a similar meaning to also.
1. There are a number of verbs in English with which we rarely or never use reflexive pronouns (as they are in other languages).
They include: adapt, complain, concentrate, get up, hide, lie down, meet, move, relax, remember, shave, shower, sit down.
2. After a preposition of place or location we use a personal pronoun and not a reflexive pronoun.
1. We use each other when two or more people or things perform the same action to the other.
2. Take note of the difference between these two sentences:
We use the reciprocal pronoun each other when the action is between two people, and not reflexive.
And to make the contrast clearer:
We use verb + reflexive pronoun + object when we do something for ourselves.
We use verb + object + reflexive pronoun when we want to emphasize that another person did not do the action (or assist).
We use by + myself/yourself/himself etc when we are alone or not with another person.
Try our game about Reflexive Pronouns vs Object Pronouns .
See our grammar notes about Object Pronouns .
If you found this grammar guide about Reflexive Pronouns in English useful, let others know about it.
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Table of contents, what are reflexive pronouns, forming reflexive pronouns.
My Your Him Her It Our Your (Plural) Them | + | self (for singular reflexive pronoun) selves (for plural reflexive pronoun) |
Subject Pronoun | Reflexive Pronoun | Example |
---|---|---|
I | Myself | I treated myself to a spa day. |
You (singular) | Yourself | Did you make this cake yourself? |
He | Himself | James built the bookshelf himself. |
She | Herself | She dressed herself for the event. |
It | Itself | The cat groomed itself. |
We | Ourselves | We organized the event ourselves. |
You (plural) | Yourselves | Enjoy yourselves. After such hard work, your team deserves a vacation. |
They | Themselves | They completed the project themselves. |
1. reflexive pronouns for referring back to a subject, 2. reflexive pronouns for emphasis, 3. by + reflexive pronouns, reflexive pronouns functions in a sentence, 1. reflexive pronouns as objects of verbs, 2. reflexive pronouns as objects of prepositions.
Reflexive pronouns may be used as the object of a preposition:
Position of reflexive pronouns, common mistakes in using reflexive pronouns, what is a reflexive pronoun, and can you provide examples, what is the proper position for reflexive pronouns in a sentence, how are reflexive pronouns formed, could you share examples of reflexive pronouns suitable for class 7, in what way can reflexive pronouns be used effectively in sentences, how do reflexive and intensive pronouns differ from each other.
Personal pronouns | Possessive adjectives | Possessive pronouns | Reflexive pronouns | Object pronouns |
---|---|---|---|---|
I | my | mine | myself | me |
you | your | yours | yourself | you |
he | his | his | himself | him |
she | her | hers | herself | her |
it | its | its | itself | it |
we | our | ours | ourselves | us |
you | your | yours | yourselves | you |
they | their | theirs | themselves | them |
Reflexive pronouns – myself, yourself, etc ., choose the correct pronouns to complete the sentences below..
1 Don't worry about the plants. I'll water them by me me myself .
2 I'm looking forward to your visit. It's been a long time since we last saw us each other ourselves .
3 When I get home, I like to relax me - myself . I lie on the sofa and watch some TV.
4 Dear John, you must forgive me my myself for not writing earlier.
5 Did you enjoy - yourself you at the party last night?
6 My mother and I don't see us ourselves each other very often now.
7 We must learn to love us our ourselves before we can love others.
8 She often talks to herself her she when she is stressed.
9 I'll introduce yours you yourself to Erica. I think you'll like her.
10 During the following months, Mat and I got to know we us each other better.
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The reflexive pronouns are myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves .
The reflexive pronouns are normally used when the subject and the object are the same person.
We can use reflexive pronouns after most prepositions if they refer back to the subject.
We also use a reflexive pronoun to emphasise that the subject does the action and nobody else. In this sense, we can use the reflexive at the end of the sentence or after the subject.
Students of English often make mistakes when they use some verbs which are used reflexively in their language but not in English. Some of these verbs are concentrate, dress , shave , wash , relax , hurry , or open .
We can say by myself, by yourself, etc. to mean ‘alone, without anybody else’, or ‘without anybody’s help’.
We can also say on my own, on your own, etc.
We use each other or one another when person A does something to person B and person B does something to person A.
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- Forms - Use - Referring to possessives and objects - By oneself - Verbs not normally used with reflexive pronouns - Pronominal verbs in some languages - Note for Spanish speakers
Myself... Reflexive pronouns | |||||||
Reflexive pronouns: Myself, yourself... | |||||||
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El problema es que las formas españolas equivalentes (me-te-nos, etc) se usan para muchas otras cosas además del reflexivo, y en muchas ocasiones no se traduce porque no significa nada (verbos pronominales). Sólo podemos usar las formas reflexivas cuando el sujeto y el objeto son la misma persona:
- ayer me caí =yesterday I fell down (pronominal) - él se rió mucho = él rió mucho = he laughed a lot (pronominal) - ella se lava la cara =she washes her face (ella lava, su cara es lo lavado) (pronominal) - ella se pintó de rojo =she painted herself red (ella pinta, ella es "la cosa" pintada) (reflexive) - esto se puso aquí =this was put here (pasiva refleja: esto fue puesto aquí) - me llamo Juan =I am called John (pasiva refleja: yo soy llamado Juan)
Reflexive pronouns.
Examples of Reflexive Pronouns
Reflexive Pronoun Exercises
The following exercises will help you gain greater understanding about how reflexive pronouns work. Choose the best answer to complete each sentence.
Reflexive Pronouns List
As you read through the following list of reflexive pronouns, consider ways to use them in sentences like the ones in the preceding section.
— Thanks to Beth for this article —
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Task no. 3153.
Choose the correct reflexive pronouns from the drop down menu. myself , yourself , himself , herself , itself , ourselves , yourselves , themselves
self, each other – Reflexive pronouns
List of reflexive pronouns.
Reflexive pronouns end in -self or -selves . We use them when the subject and object of a verb are the same. There are nine reflexive pronouns in the English language: myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, oneself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves.
Learn about reflexive pronouns in English grammar with Lingolia’s online grammar rules. In the exercises, you can test your knowledge.
Larry is a small boy, but he can already dress himself .
There is a mirror in his room. He hung it up himself , with a little help from his dad.
He often looks at himself in the mirror and likes talking to himself .
We use reflexive pronouns when the subject and the object are the same.
The subject and object here are the same person. After all, he could have been looking at someone else and could be proud of someone else.
We also use reflexive pronouns to express that someone did something alone without anyone else’s help.
Reflexive verbs are not very common in the English language. Verbs the are typically reflexive in other languages are not reflexive in English. The following verbs, for example, are not reflexive in English: feel, concentrate, relax, meet .
There are a few verbs which are usually followed by reflexive pronouns. The most improtant ones are listed in the following table.
Verb | Example |
---|---|
behave oneself | at Grandma and Grampa’s house this weekend. |
cut oneself | Alex while he was chopping onions for dinner. |
dry oneself | In the morning I wake up, have a shower, , get dressed and leave the house. |
enjoy oneself | Amy at the party that night. |
express oneself | Art is the only way I can . |
hurt oneself | Be careful! I don’t want you to . |
introduce oneself | Let me i my name is Bond – James Bond. |
singular | plural | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
myself | yourself | himself | herself | itself | ourselves | yourselves | themselves |
In the singular, the reflexive pronoun is formed with -self , in the plural with -selves .
In the second person, we have to indicate whether we're talking to one person or several people.
In English, the reflexive pronouns are not used to indicate a reciprocal relationship. In this case, rather, we use each other .
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English grammar practice exercise, pre-intermediate and intermediate level.
In this exercise you will practise reflexive pronouns ( myself , herself , ourselves , etc.).
Reflexive pronouns | ||
Example | ||
I, me | in the mirror. | |
you, you (singular) | when you fell? | |
he, him | when he was cooking. | |
she, her | Mary. | |
it, it | trying to escape. | |
we, us | for the mistake. | |
you, you (plural) | to tea and coffee. | |
they, them | for a short time. |
Choose the correct answer in the following sentences.
Exercises. Complete the following sentences using a reflexive pronoun: myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves.
I knocked the glass over and spilled wine all over _______. ==> I knocked the glass over and spilled wine all over myself.
1. Our anniversary present to ourselves is an Alaskan cruise. 2. The harried mother treated herself to a relaxing afternoon at the spa. 3. You kids need to behave yourselves if you want to go on the field trip next week. 4. The dog injured itself in a coon fight. 5. The children had to clean up after themselves before the teacher would let them go outside for recess. 6. The roof of the abandoned building collapsed in on itself from the heavy snow. 7. Father chided himself for leaving the gate open and letting the pigs escape. 8. If I’m not home when you arrive, just let yourself in and wait for me. 9. One reason why Mark didn’t enjoy single life was because he got tired of cooking for himself all the time. 10. The campgrounds were nice and quiet – we had the whole place to ourselves. 11. The makeup artist did such a tremendous job that Aunt Elaine was hardly able to recognize herself. 12. If you boys are hungry, just help yourselves to some frozen pizzas. 13. The guards were ashamed of themselves for falling asleep on duty and letting the enemy sneak past them into the camp. 14. Sometimes I surprise myself when I have a good idea like that. 15. Careful – don’t hurt yourself! 16. I was angry at myself for forgetting my lunch at home, and having to go all day without eating.
Exercises. Write sentences with by myself, by yourself, etc.
He stayed home alone. ==> He stayed home by himself.
1. That’s a very nice drawing, Jack – did you draw it all by yourself? 2. I hope you girls can bake that cake by yourselves – I won’t be able to help you. 3. I usually sit by myself in the last row at the theater. 4. You’re going to have to do some weeding if you want some vegetables this year – the garden isn’t going to get weeded by itself, you know. 5. After Grandfather died, Grandmother had six children to take care of by herself. 6. Never mind – I think it’s better if I go to the store by myself, anyway. 7. Jim took a few steps by himself in physical therapy today. 8. The twins are such troublemakers – you can’t leave them by themselves for even a minute. 9. For our anniversary we are planning on staying home and having a quiet dinner by ourselves. 10. Grandmother sewed my sister’s wedding dress all by herself. 11. Building a patio fireplace was an easy project that we could manage by ourselves. 12. Last summer the Griswolds decided to hike the Appalachian Trail by themselves. 13. If you can’t do the homework by yourself, you should ask the teacher for some extra help. 14. Let Tommy tie his shoes by himself – he’s going to have to learn it one of these days. 15. You are big boys now – you should be able to get dressed by yourselves. 16. Come on, now – who broke Grandmother’s antique vase? I’m sure it didn’t get broken by itself!
Exercises. Look at the picture and write sentences using the phrase “each other.”
(clean) ==> They are cleaning each other.
1. They are chasing each other.
2. They are enjoying each other.
3. They are holding each other.
4. They are kissing each other.
5. They are resting on each other.
6. They are smiling at each other.
Exercises. Complete the sentences, using “each other,” “ourselves/yourselves/themselves,” or “us/you/them.”
Mr. Brown and Mr. Black know _______. ==> Mr. Brown and Mr. Black know each other.
1. The teacher didn’t ask us if we understood the material. 2. You lazy salesmen have no one but yourselves to blame for your poor monthly figures. 3. Jack knew he had seen his keys earlier that morning, but he couldn’t remember where he had seen them. 4. The students in class 7B never behave themselves, it seems. 5. It was funny to see the two clowns throw pies at each other. 6. Most people talk to themselves, especially when they are trying to figure out a problem. It’s nothing to worry about. 7. There was so much food at the feast that we stuffed ourselves until we couldn’t eat any more. 8. Mr. and Mrs. Smith said to give them a call whenever you got home. 9. Didn’t Father give you the name of the gentleman he wanted you to call? 10. Sit down here next to me, and let’s talk. We can keep each other company until they it’s time for our flight to leave. 11. When we set up the April Fool’s prank, we didn’t realize it would backfire on us. 12. Congratulations, Team 6! Give yourselves a round of applause – you deserve it! 13. If I had wanted you to come to the party, I would have invited you. 14. Sometimes it’s good to remind ourselves of how much progress we’ve made in our English studies.
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Intermediate Level >> Grammar Worksheets >> Worksheet to practice reflexive pronouns in English such as myself, yourself, himself, ourselves, themselves, etc.
Look at this list of English reflexive pronouns. Choose one to fill each space below.
myself yourself itself himself | herself ourselves yourselves themselves |
1. They found a last minute flight to Florida for almost nothing. They are very happy with _________________.
2. I _________________ don't like the programme, but the rest of the family love it.
3. Don't go to that pub by _________________. Take someone else.
4. I can't do this job by _________________. I need someone to help me a bit.
5. Harry cut _________________ while peeling an apple this afternoon.
6. There is something really wrong with my computer. Today, it turned _________________ off while I was working. It quite scared me actually!
7. We really enjoyed _________________ at the party last night. We thought it was going to be boring.
8. They are both selfish people. They do everything to please _________________ and don't care about anyone else.
9. After the accident, we blamed _________________ at first until we discovered that the other driver was drunk at the time.
10. I tell Leah to wear protection every time she plays hockey but she refuses to listen to me. She will hurt _________________ one day.
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Pronouns: reflexive ( myself, themselves, etc.) - English Grammar Today - a reference to written and spoken English grammar and usage - Cambridge Dictionary
She cooked herself a quiche. We taught ourselves French. We use verb + object + reflexive pronoun when we want to emphasize that another person did not do the action (or assist). I repaired the tire myself. They did the homework themselves. My brother spoke to his boss himself about a raise. By + Reflexive Pronouns
A dictionary definition of the adjective "reflexive" refers to something "directed or turned back on itself". In grammar, r eflexive pronouns are used when the object is the same as the subject. For example, in the sentence " he hurt himself ", he and himself refer to the same person. Examples of reflexive pronouns include ...
By myself, on my own. We can say by myself, by yourself, etc. to mean 'alone, without anybody else', or 'without anybody's help'. My son doesn't like to be by himself; he always wants us around. She raised her four children by herself. We can also say on my own, on your own, etc. I was on my own all morning. She did it on her own.
Reflexive pronouns. singular MYSELF - YOURSELF - HIMSELF / HERSELF / ITSELF. plural OURSELVES - YOURSELVES - THEMSELVES. These forms are used with transitive verbs when the subject and the object are the same person (when the person doing the action and receiving the action are the same) - I cut bread = I cut // the bread is cut.
Themselves. Himself. Yourselves. Herself. Answer: C. Please make yourselves at home while you wait. Reflexive Pronouns List. As you read through the following list of reflexive pronouns, consider ways to use them in sentences like the ones in the preceding section. Myself.
My mother often talks to . Tim and Gerry, if you want more milk, help myself yourself himself herself itself ourselves yourselves themselves . Alice and Doris collected the stickers myself yourself himself herself itself ourselves yourselves themselves .
Reflexive pronouns end in -self or -selves. We use them when the subject and object of a verb are the same. There are nine reflexive pronouns in the English language: myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, oneself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves. Learn about reflexive pronouns in English grammar with Lingolia's online grammar rules.
I. Allie considered it carefully, and ______ decided to train for the marathon herself. Which type of pronoun would best complete the sentence? According to the rules of subject-verb agreement, phrases or clauses between the subject and the verb do not change the. number. [1] This year, the Linden High School debate team is bigger than ever. [2]
myself: I looked at myself in the mirror. you, you (singular) yourself: Did you hurt yourself when you fell? he, him: himself: He burnt himself when he was cooking. she, her: herself: Her real name is Mariella, but she calls herself Mary. it, it: itself: The animal hurt itself trying to escape. we, us: ourselves: We blamed ourselves for the ...
Exercises. Complete the following sentences using a reflexive pronoun: myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves. Example: I knocked the glass over and spilled wine all over _____. ==> I knocked the glass over and spilled wine all over myself. 1. Our anniversary present to ourselves is an Alaskan cruise. 2.
Intermediate Level >> Grammar Worksheets >> Worksheet to practice reflexive pronouns in English such as myself, yourself, himself, ourselves, themselves, etc ... Choose one to fill each space below. myself yourself itself himself herself ourselves yourselves themselves 1. They found a last minute flight to Florida for almost nothing. They are ...
myself. You. yourself. He. himself. She. herself. It. itself. We. ourselves. You. yourselves. They. themselves. The reflexive pronouns go back to the subject. Here are some examples: I hurt myself when I was cutting the carrots. ... Complete the sentences with the right reflexive pronouns. I always do my homework by ...
myself, yourself, himself, itself, herself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves Liveworksheets transforms your traditional printable worksheets into self-correcting interactive exercises that the students can do online and send to the teacher.
ourselves. myself. herself. myself. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like [1] Jenna is brainstorming topics for a term paper for her history class. [2] Although she wants to get started as soon as possible, she also wants to choose a subject she's passionate about. [3] She's strongly considering writing about Sally ...
2 hurt himself. 3 blame herself. 4 Put yourself. ... 1 I repaired it myself. 2 He cuts it himself. 3 No, I'll tell her myself. 4 Linda told me herself. / Linda herself told me. / Linda did herself. 5 Why can't you phone him yourself? / … do it yourself? Related Posts. English Grammar Exercises - Phrasal verbs (03)
India-Hindi. Sep 21, 2022. #22. lingobingo said: On my own and by myself both mean alone in the sense of unaccompanied / with no one else with or near me. But to a lesser extent, and especially when modified by the adverb " all ", they can also be used to mean unaided — I did it [all] by myself / [all] on my own (without help from anyone ...
sentence 1. sentence 2. sentence 3. sentence 4. sentence 2. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Read the sentences. Jaden was intent on fixing the bicycle ______. He didn't want any help from Pierre or Borja. Which best fits in the blank? myself itself yourself himself, Read the sentence.
I do my homework on my own. This phrase is correct and commonly used to convey the idea of completing homework independently without assistance. Both phrases are correct and commonly used in English. They convey the same meaning of doing homework independently without help from others. The choice between 'by myself' and 'on my own' is a matter ...
a) My mother does the housework herself/himself. b) I prepared this work ourselves/myself. c) She made this cake herself/myself. d) My mother and l do the shopping myself/ourselves. e) Karen cuts her hair herself/himself. f) Sue and John prepare the dinner ourselves/themselves. g) I introduced myself/ourselves to the tourists. 2.